Animal Science 1Unit 1

Discuss briefly the history of the domestication of farm animals

List and explain the functions of livestock Describe the size of the livestock industry in

the United States Describe the size of the livestock industry in

South Dakota

Important part of farming in the United States

People depend upon livestock for food and clothing

Livestock production and success depend on many factors

Research in animal science is carried on by many state universities and the USDA.

Table 1-4 Look at which states are leaders. Why do

you think those states hold the position they do?

What things about those states make them leaders?

Jan 1, 2009◦ 8th All Cattle and Calves◦ 5th Beef Cows that have calved◦ 6th Calves Born◦ 7th Cattle/Calves on Feed- All Feedlots & Steers 500

lbs and more◦ 5th All Sheep and Lambs◦ 2nd Lambs Born◦ 9th Pigs Born (2008)◦ 1st Bison

Changes in lifestyle and eating habits of people in the United States has a significant impact on the production, processing and marketing of animal products.

WHY???? What trends are we seeing in the way we

eat?

Why has consumption of red meat declined? What types of meat have seen an increase

in consumption? What has been done by producer

organizations? What influences eating habits? What nutritional concerns are driving

consumer choices?

How are most hogs raised in the United States?

How is most poultry raised? What about beef? Dairy?

Supporters emphasize humane treatment of animals

Believe that animals can be used to benefit humans

Some take the position that there are essential (food, medical research) and non-essential (entertainment) uses

Livestock producers support proper feeding, housing, vet care and good management practices because these result in greater productivity.

Views vary. Some advocate the total elimination of all animal

use by humans. Others focus on eliminating animal suffering to

the greatest extent possible. Those who take a moderate approach try to

achieve their goals by influencing legislation and through public education campaigns.

Laws are enforced by The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the USDA

First federal law dealing with the humane treatment of animals was passed in 1873.

Other legislation can be found on page 23 of the text.

Currently a variety of methods. The USDA is developing a database of

information about individual animals. They would like to make this system mandatory To learn more about NAIS please visit

www.animalagriculture.org

Becoming a major area of concern Consumers want 0 health risk in relation to

their food Food safety is defined in terms of risk

benefit Most food borne illnesses are caused by

bacteria (66%) Other sources are chemical (25%), viral

(5%), parasitic (4%) See p. 25-31

Domestication of animals was vital to civilization

Animals have many useful functions Livestock numbers on farms in the US is in

the several billions and expected to continued to increase

Complete review questions 1-12 Due Friday August 27 at the end of the period.