antas2014 5
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
v/kZokf"kZd if=dk tuojh] o"kZ 2014] vad&5
aarrLLkk~ ~ v v
: 2 uoEcj] 2013laLFkku&LFkkiuk&fnol
Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj
lknj vuqjks/k1. “varl~” ds vkxkeh vad esa çdk'ku gsrq vfr viuh jpuk,a Hkstus dk d"V djsaA2. jpuk,a ;FkklaHko Vkbi dh gqbZ gkas] jpukdkj dk iwjk uke] in ,oa irk visf{kr gSA3. jpuk dh fo"k;&oLrq çkS|ksfxdh] foKku vFkok ekufodh fo"k;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gksuh pkfg,A4. vko';drkuqlkj] ys[kksa esa 'kkfey Nk;k&fp=] vkadM+ksa ls lacaf/kr vkjs[k Li"V gkasus pkfg,A5. ç;qä Hkk"kk ljy] Li"V ,oa lqokP; fganh Hkk"kk gksA6. vuwfnr ys[kksa dh çkekf.kdrk vo'; lqfuf'pr djsaA vuqokn esa lgk;rk gsrq laLFkku jktHkk"kk çdks"B ls laidZ
dj ldrs gSaA7. ys[k ekSfyd ,oa vçdkf'kr gksus pkfg,A
lkHkkjlaiknu eaMy
uksV&if=dk esa çdkf'kr jpukvksa dh ekSfydrk] rkfdZdrk ,oa lR;rk gsrq ys[kdx.k mÙkjnk;h gaSA
'kh?kz
ifjlj ds >jks[ks ls
ladsrd'kqHksPNk
lk{kkRdkj
funs'kd dh dye ls 1
mifuns'kd dh n`f"V esa 2
laikndh; 3
& fclkrh 4
& 6
csVh 11
xt+y 11
vkLFkk vkSj O;kikj 12
VqdM+ksa esa ftanxh 13
lkxj&izdk’k 13
eq>s ,d ls Mj yxrk gS 14
eSa e#Fky dh ekVh gw¡ 15
jsy dk batu 16
vU;k;h d`".k 17
,d fdrkc fnyk ns 17
laxhr f'k{kk ,oa bldk egRo 18
>wB ugha fy[k ikrk gw¡ 19
,s eu esjs 19
laca/kksa dk Hkkj laHkkys cSBs gSa 19
iSjk'kwV 20
pankekek nwj ds--- 20
lkjk jkLrk 21
fcjklr
xq#nf{k.kk
lkfgR;;k=k
MkW- jktho eksVokuh
& izksQslj f’k[kk nhf{kr 6
[F]
lkaRouk % lsesLVj lekfIr ij 21';ke jax 21Hkkjrh; izxfr ds fojks/kkHkkl 22Mj 24psru rRo 25cnyrs vk;ke 26dkuiqj % 1] dkuiqj % 2 26nsoh] nsork vkSj okgu 27nkfeuh 28;k=k % ,d fogaxe fopkj 29cqafn;k 31
ân; jksx & dkj.k ,oa funku 33
Nan 37fgUnh i=kpkj rFkk ljdkjh i= ds çdkj 38
cxqyk Hkxr 42ckyd ckfydkvksa ds fy, mi;ksxh ckrsa 43
lkekU; tu&thou dk niZ.k&^jke dh 'kfDr&iwtk* 44
ljksdkj
Hkk"kk&foe'kZ
ckycÙkhlh
vuqfparu
Nk;kfp=
fganh lkfgR;&lHkk
dk;kZy;hu mi;ksxh fVIif.k;k¡
laLFkku dh xfrfo/k;k¡
47
35
,d iz;kl 40
varl~ ifjokjla
çksQslj bUæuhy ekUukfuns'kd
ijke'kZnkrkçksQslj lqjs'k pUæ JhokLro
mifuns'kd
eq[; laikndçksQslj v#.k dqekj 'kekZ
laikndMkWa- osnçdk'k flag
laiknu≶ksxçksQslj lehj [kkaMsdjçksQslj losZ'k pUæk
çksQslj gjh'kpUæ oekZçksQslj f'k[kk nhf{krMkW- vkseçdk'k feJ
vfHkdYilquhrk flag
orZuh'kks/kufo".kq çlkn xqIrktxnh'k çlknHkkjr ns'keq[k
Nk;kfp= jfo 'kqDy
lg;ksxfo|kFkhZ fganh lkfgR; lHkk
j{kd
funs'kd dh dye ls---
'kqHksPNk
lkekU;r: gj ns'k dh ,d ewy laL—fr gksrh gS ftlds prqfnZd ogk¡ dk
lkekftd ,oa 'kSf{kd rkuk&ckuk O;ogkj esa jgrk gS ysfdu l`f"V esa
ifjorZu ds 'kk'or fl)kUr ds vuq:i lekt rFkk f'k{k.k ds {ks=ksa esa Hkh
;g ifjorZu uSlfxZd çfØ;k ds :i esa lrr~ lekosf'kr gksrk jgrk gSA
oLrqr: ,sls ifjorZu dh mifLFkfr ls gh lkekftd O;oLFkk vFkok f'k{k.k
ç.kkyh thoUr ekuh tkrh gSA vr: f'k{kk ds {ks= dks tM+rk ls eqä j[kuk
gksxkA vko';drk bl ckr dh gS fd fur uohu 'kks/kksa] vUos"k.kksa] ifjorZuksa
dks u dsoy loZleUos'kh cuk;k tk;s vfirq bu çfØ;kvksa esa lfEefyr
Nk=ksa] oSKkfudksa] f'k{kkfonksa ,oa lekt ds rRlacaf/kr LrEHkksa dks ;FkklaHko
,d LoLFk] vuqdwy] LFkk;h okrkoj.k çnku gks tgk¡ mUgsa O;o/kkujfgr
vxzlj gksus ds lqxe volj çkIr gksa] mudk laj{k.k gks] mUgsa viuh
ifjyfC/k;ksa dk iw.kZ Js; feys vkSj dqaBk] volkn bR;kfn ls mudk nwj&nwj
rd dksbZ fj'rk u jgsA ,slh i`"BHkwfe esa gh jk"Vª lq–<+ ,oa vxz.kh curk gSA
laLFkku ds jktHkk"kk çdks"B }kjk çdkf'kr lkfgfR;d if=dk “varl~” esa
ys[ku dh reke fo/kkvksa dks lekosf'kr vkSj lefUor j[kus rFkk lkef;d
ifjorZuksa dks lekfgr djus dk Js"B m|e fd;k x;k gS tks fuLlUnsg
ljkguh; gSA
“varl~” dk iape~ vad vkids le{k çLrqr gS; leLr ys[kdksa] jpukdkjksa]
lEiknd eaMy ,oa vU; lg;ksfx;ksa dks fujarj ;ksxnku gsrq gkfnZd
lk/kqoknA vis{kk djrk gw¡ fd jpukdkj vius ys[ku ls bl lkfgfR;d
if=dk dks le`) djus esa blh çdkj vuojr~ ;ksxnku nsrs jgsaxsA
'kqHkdkeukvksa lfgr]
bUæuhy ekUukfuns'kd
1
'kqHksPNk
mifuns'kd dh –f"V esa---
çkS|ksfxdh; f'k{kk esa Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj Hkkjr ds vxz.kh
laLFkkuksa esa ls ,d gS tgk¡ ns'k dh gksugkj es/kk u dsoy foKku dh fofo/k
fo/kkvksa esa viuh çfrHkk dks ia[k nsrh gS vfirq Lo;a esa lesVs Kku dh
vU;kU; 'kk[kkvksa esa Hkh leku :i ls vius gquj dk ifjp; nsrh gSA
us ifjljokfl;ksa dks viuh çfrHkk dks fganh Hkk"kk esa fyfic)
djds çLrqr djus dk ,d lgt&l'kä ek/;e miyC/k djk;k gSA eq>s g"kZ
gS fd laLFkku ds Nk=ksa us laLFkku dfeZ;ksa rFkk if=dk ds vU; lg;ksfx;ksa ls
dne feykrs gq, esa viuh lgHkkfxrk fujarj c<+kbZ gS vkSj fganh
lkfgR; esa viuh çfrHkk dks fHkUu vk;ke fn;s gSa ftlds fy;s mUgsa gkfnZd
c/kkbZA
dk iape vad vkids le{k çLrqr gS lHkh jpukdkjksa] if=dk ds
Hkkxhnkjksa vkSj fopkjeuk ikBdksa dks c/kkbZ ,oa gkfnZd ‘kqHkdkeuk,aA
lqjs'k pUæ JhokLro
mifuns'kd
“varl~”
“varl~”
“varl~”
2
fç; ikBd]
vkt 26 tuojh 2014 dks dk ik¡poka vad vkids gkFk esa gSaA lcls igys rks eSa vkidks x.kra= fnol dh vusdkusd c/kkb;k¡ nsrk gw¡A mlds ckn eSa vR;Ur çlUurk ds lkFk ;g dguk pkgrk gw¡ fd dks vkidk iw.kZ lg;ksx çkIr gks jgk gSA gesa laLFkku ds lHkh vaxksa ls ekSfyd jpuk,a vkSj çfrfØ;k,a çkIr gks jgh gSa vkSj mlds fy, ifjokj dh vksj ls vki lHkh dk /kU;oknA vc D;ksafd gesa i;kZIr la[;k esa jpuk,a çkIr gks jgh gSa rks ge ,sls fu;e Hkh fodflr dj jgs gSa ftuds ek/;e ls jpukvksa dk p;u oLrqfu"Brk] xq.koÙkk rFkk ekSfydrk ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tk ldsA
pfy;s vc dqN xaHkhj ckr mBk;saA çfl) miU;kldkj fo|k/kj lwjtçlkn uk;ikWy ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa vkt yk[kksa çdkj dh Økafr;k¡ py jgh gSaA D;ksafd Hkkjr dks bu yk[kksa çdkj ds neu vkSj 'kks"k.k ls eqä gksuk gSA gky dh ?kVukvksa us efgyk-eqfä ds fo"k; dks fo'ks"k egRo dk cuk fn;k gSA esjk viuk Hkh ekuuk gS fd lHkh çdkj ds la?k"kksaZ esa efgykvksa dk la?k"kZ fo'ks"k gSA ifjokj ls ysdj fo'o Lrj rd dh efgykvksa dks vusd çdkj ds neu vkSj mRihM+u dk f'kdkj gksuk iM+ jgk gSA bl vad esa geusa çksQslj nhf{kr dk lk{kkRdkj lfEefyr fd;k gS tks laLFkku dh efgyk ;kSu mRihM+u laca/kh lfefr dh v/;{kk gSaA
efgyk l'kfädj.k ds jkLrs esa ,d ugha gtkj jksM+s gSaA vFkZO;oLFkk] iw¡th dh lÙkk] /keZ] f'k{kk] lkekftd ijEijk;sa] v?kksf"kr ifjokfjd e;kZnk;sa lHkh ds lkFk la?k"kZ djuk iM+sxkA fdUrq lcls cM+k la?k"kZ rks efgykvksa dks Lo;a ds lkFk djuk gSA çk;: ns[kk tkrk gS fd /kkfeZd] lkEçnkf;d] ikfjokfjd ;k vU; dkj.kksa ls efgyk,a ;k rks pqi jgrh gSa ;k mRihM+d dk gh lkFk nsus dks etcwj dj nh tkrh gSaA efgyk;sa vius vf/kdkjksa dh çkfIr ds fy, ftu lkekftd vo/kkj.kkvksa dk lgkjk ysrh gSa varr: os mUgsa ihNs [khapus ;k Mqckus okys gh gksrs gSaA oSokfgd thou thus dk ncko] oj dh Js"Brk] vkfFkZd vfuHkZjrk vkfn ls ckgj fudy dj efgyk dks og {kerk fodflr djuh gS ftlds }kjk og dsoy vius cy ij ,d vPNk thou th lds vkSj mls thus ds fy, iq#"k ç/kku lekt dk voyEc u ysuk iM+s A mYys[kuh; gS fd Lora= thou çse dk fojks/kh ugha gSA 'kq) Lora=rk ds lkFk gh 'kq) çse lEHko gSA
oSokfgd thou ls brj L=h&iq#"k ds laca/kksa ij MkW- yksfg;k dgrs Fks fd L=h&iq#"k ds laca/k ækSinh vkSj —".k ds laca/kksa tSls gksus pkfg,A /;ku jgs fd ækSinh u —".k dh cgu Fkh] u iRuh] u çsfedk] u ek¡] u dksbZ lk/oh cfYd dsoy 'kq) fe=A pyks] Hkfo"; dks ,d lekurk ewyd lekt cukus ds fy, bl fo"k; ij FkksM+k lkspsaA
,d ckj iqu x.kra= fnol dh c/kkbZ;k¡A viuh çfrfØ;k;sa vo’; HkstsaA
“varl~”
“varl~”
“varl~”
lEikndh;
vkidk 'kqHksPNq
v#.k dqekj 'kekZ
eq[; laiknd
3
fclkrh m|ku dh 'kSy&ekyk ds uhps ,d gjk&Hkjk NksVk lk xk¡o gSA clar dk lqanj lehj mls
vkfyaxu djds Qwyksa ds lkSjHk ls mlds >ksiM+ksa dks Hkj nsrk gSA rygVh ds fge 'khry
>jus mldks vius ckgqik'k esa tdM+s gq, gSaA ml je.kh; çns'k esa ,d fLuX/k laxhr
fujarj cgk djrk gS] ftlds Hkhrj cqycqyksa dk dyukn] daiu vkSj ygj mRiUu djrk
gSA nkfM+e ds yky Qwyksa dh j¡xhyh Nk;k la/;k dh v#.k fdj.kksa ls pedhyh gks jgh FkhA
'khjha mlh ds uhps f'kyk[kaM ij cSBh gqbZ lkeus xqykcksa dh >qjeqV ns[k jgh Fkh] ftlesa
cgqr ls cqycqy pgpgk jgs Fks] os lehj.k ds lkFk NwyNqyS;k [ksyrs gq, vkdk'k dks
vius dyjo ls xqaftr dj jgs FksA'khjha us lglk viuk voxqaBu myV fn;kA ç—fr çlUu gks g¡l iM+hA xqykcksa ds ny esa
'khjha dk eq[k jktk ds leku lq'kksfHkr FkkA eq¡g esa edjUn Hkjs nks uhy Hkzej ml
xqykc ij mM+us esa vleFkZ Fks] HkkSjksa ds in fuLian FksA d¡Vhyh >kfM+;ksa dh dqN ijok u
djrs gq, cqycqyksa dk mlesa ?kqluk vkSj mM+ Hkkxuk 'khjha rUe; gksdj ns[k jgh FkhAmldh l[kh tqys[kk ds vkus ls mldh ,dkar Hkkouk Hkax gks xbZA viuk voxqaBu
myVrs gq, tqys[kk us dgk–'khjha! og rqEgkjs gkFkksa ij vkdj cSB tkus okyk cqycqy]
vkt&dy ugha fn[kykbZ nsrk\vkg! [khapdj 'khjha us dgk – “dM+s 'khr esa vius ny ds lkFk eSnku dh vksj fudy
x;kA olar rks vk x;k ij og ugha ykSVdj vk;kA” “lquk gS fd ;s lc fganqLrku esa cgqr nwj rd pys tkrs gSaA D;k ;g lp gS] 'khjha\”“gk¡ I;kjhA mUgsa Lok/khu fopjuk vPNk yxrk gSA budh tkfr cM+h Lora=rk fç; gSA”“rwus vius ?kq¡?kjkyh vydksa ds ik'k esa mls D;ksa u ck¡/k fy;k\”“esjs ik'k ml i{kh ds fy, <hys iM+ tkrs FksA”“vPNk ykSV vkosxk&fpark u djA eSa ?kj tkrh gw¡A” 'khjha us flj fgyk fn;kA tqys[kk
pyh xbZAtc igkM+h vkdk'k esa la/;k vius jaxhys iV QSyk nsrh] tc fogax dsoy dyjo djrs
iafä ck¡/k dj mM+rs gq, xq¡tku >kfM+;ksa dh vksj ykSVrs vkSj vfuy esa muds dksey
ijksa ls ygj mBrh] tc lehj viuh >ksadsnkj rjaxksa esa ckj&ckj va/kdkj dks [khap
ykrk] tc xqykc vf/kdkf/kd lkSjHk yqVkdj gjh pknj esa eq¡g fNik ysuk pkgrs Fks rc
'khjha dh vk'kk Hkjh –f"V dkfyek ls vfHkHkwr gksdj iydksa esa fNius yxrhA og tkxrs
gq, Hkh ,d LoIu dh dYiuk djus yxhAfganqLrku ds le`f)'kkyh uxj dh xyh esa ,d ;qod ihB ij xëj ykns ?kwe jgk gSA
ifjJe vkSj vukgkj ls mldk eq[k foo.kZ gSA Fkddj og fdlh ds }kj ij cSB x;k
gSA dqN cspdj ml fnu dh thfodk çkIr djus dh mRdaBk mldh n;uh; ckrksa ls
Vid jgh gSA ijUrq og x`gLFk dgrk gS& rqEgsa m/kkj nsuk gks rks nks] ugha rks viuh
xBjh mBkvksA le>s vkxk\
t;'kadj çlkn fganh lkfgR; dh ,d vçfre foHkwfr ftUgksaus vius vYi thou dky esa gh dkO;] ukV~;] miU;kl ,oa dgkuh bR;kfn tSlh fofo/k fo/kkvksa esa viuh l`tukRed jpukvksa vkSj mPpLrjh; ys[ku ls fganh lkfgR; dks lnSo ds fy;s ifjiwfjr dj fn;kA ;g vuk;kl ugha gS fd muds ys[ku dks rqylhnkl ¼rFkk lwjnkl½ ds mijkUr fganh lkfgR; esa loZJs"B vkadk x;k gSA lkHkkj çLrqr gS mudh ,d dkyt;h dgkuh---
fcjklr dgkuh
t;'kadj çlkn
4
ß;qod dgrk gS&Þ eq>esa m/kkj nsus dh lkeF;Z ughaAÞ ßrks eq>s Hkh dqN ugha pkfg,AÞ'khjha viuh bl dYiuk ls pkSad mBhA dkfQys ds lkFk viuh laifÙk ykndj [kScj ds
fxfj–ladV dks og viuh Hkkouk ls inkØkar djus yxhAmldh bPNk gqbZ fd fganqLrku ds çR;sd x`gLFk ds ikl ge bruk /ku j[k nsa fd os vuko';d gksus ij Hkh ml ;qod dh lc oLrqvksa dk ewY; nsdj mldk cks> mrkj nsaA ijUrq ljyk 'khjha fuLlgk; FkhA mlds firk ,d Øwj igkM+h ljnkj FksA mlus viuk flj >qdk fy;kA dqN lkspus yxhAla/;k dk vf/kdkj gks x;kA dyjo can gqvkA 'khjha dh lk¡lksa ds leku lehj dh xfr vo#) gks mBhA mldh ihB f'kyk ls fVd xbZAnklh us vkdj mldks ç—frLFk fd;kA mlus dgk&ßcsxe cqyk jgh gSaA pfy, esagnh vk xbZ gSAÞeghuksa gks x;sA 'khjha dk C;kg ,d /kuh ljnkj ls gks x;kA >jus ds fdukjs 'khjha ds ckx esa 'kojh [khaph gSA iou vius ,d&,d FkisM+s esa lSdM+ksa Qwyksa dks #yk nsrk gSA e/kq&/kkjk cgus yxrh gSA cqycqy mldh funZ;rk dk Øanu djus yxrs gSaA 'khjha lc lgu djrh jghA ljnkj dk eq[k mRlkgiw.kZ FkkA lc gksus ij Hkh og ,d lqanj çHkkr FkkA ,d nqcZy vkSj yack ;qod ihB ij xëj ykns lkeus vkdj cSB x;kA 'khjha us mls ns[kk ij og fdlh vksj ns[krk ughaA viuk lkeku [kksydj ltkus yxkAljnkj viuh çs;lh dks migkj nsus ds fy, dk¡p dh I;kyh vkSj d'ehjh lkeku Nk¡Vus yxkA'khjha pqipki Fkh] mlds ân;&dku esa dyjoksa dk Øanu gks jgk Fkk A ljnkj us nke iwNkA ;qod us dgk&ßeSa migkj nsrk gw¡A csprk ughaA ;s foyk;rh vkSj d'ehjh lkeku eSaus pqudj fy, gSaA buesa ewY; gh ugha ân; Hkh yxk gSA ;s nke ij ugha fcdrsAÞljnkj us rh{.k Loj esa dgk&ßrc eq>s u pkfg,A ys tkvks&mBkvksAÞ ßvPNk] mBk ys tkÅ¡xkA eSa Fkdk gqvk vk jgk gw¡] FkksM+k volj nhft,] eSa gkFk&eq¡g /kks yw¡AÞ dgdj ;qod HkjHkjkbZ gqbZ vk¡[kksa dks fNikrs mB x;kAljnkj us le>k] >jus dh vksj x;k gksxkA foyEc gqvk ij og u vk;kA xgjh pksV vkSj fueZe O;Fkk dks ogu djrs dystk gkFk ls idM+s gq,] 'khjha xqykc dh >kfM+;ksa dh vksj ns[kus yxhA ijUrq mldh vk¡lw&Hkjh vk¡[kksa dks dqN u lw>rk FkkA ljnkj us çse ls mldh ihB ij gkFk j[kdj iwNk&ßD;k ns[k jgh gks\Þß,d esjk ikyrw cqycqy 'khr esa fganqLrku dh vksj pyk x;k FkkA og ykSVdj vkt losjs fn[kykbZ iM+k] ij tc og ikl vk x;k vkSj eSaus mls idM+uk pkgk] rks og m/kj dksgdkQ dh vksj Hkkx x;kAÞ – 'khjha ds Loj esa daiu Fkk] fQj Hkh os 'kCn cgqr lEgydj fudys FksA ljnkj us g¡ldj dgk& ßQwy dks cqycqy dh [kkst\ ßvk'p;Z gSAÞfclkrh viuk lkeku NksM+ x;kA fQj ykSVdj ugha vk;kA 'khjha us cks> rks mrkj fy;k] ij nke ugha fn;kA
dgrs gSa rkjs xkrs gSa
dgrs gSa rkjs xkrs gSa!
lUukVk olq/kk ij Nk;k]
uHk esa geusa dku yxk;k]
fQj Hkh vxf.kr daBksa dk ;g jkx ugha ge lqu ikrs gSa!
dgrs gSa rkjs xkrs gSa!
LoxZ lquk djrk ;g xkuk]
i`Foh us rks cl ;g tkuk]
vxf.kr vksl&d.kksa esa rkjksa ds uhjo vk¡lw vkrs gSa!
dgrs gSa rkjs xkrs gSa!
Åij nso] rys ekuox.k]
uHk esa nksuksa xk;u–jksnu]
jkx lnk Åij dks mBrk] vk¡lw uhps >j tkrs gSaA
dgrs gSa] rkjs xkrs gSa!
lkHkkj – Jh gfjoa'kjk; cPpu
lzksr&çlkn jpuk lap;u
lzksr&fu’kk fuea=.k
fcjklr dgkuh 5
vKkufrfejkU/kL; Kkuk¥~tu'kykd;kA p{kq#Uehfyra ;su rLeS Jhxqjos ue% ||“ftlus vKkurk ds va/kdkj ls va/ks gq, tho dh vk¡[kksa dks Kku:ih dkty dh
'kykdk ls vkyksfdr fd;k gS] ,sls Jhxq# dks ç.kke gSA”
“NksM+ tkÅ¡ rqEgkjs çnÙk Kku dk 'krka'k Hkh bl fo'o esa] ogh gksxh lPph xq#nf{k.kk
gekjh vksj ls A”
“xq#nf{k.kk”
ik'pkR; fparu ds mifuos'koknh ca/kuksa vkSj iwokZxzgksa ls eqä gksrh gqbZ foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ls lai`ä Hkkjrh; fparu/kkjk us vkt Hkh viuh lkaL—frd /kjksgj dks viuk çfrik| cuk;k gS A dguk vuqfpr u gksxk fd laL—fr vkSj laLdkj gh ekuo tkfr dks çkf.k;ksa es Js"B cukrs gSa vkSj Hkkjrh; çk;}hi esa vukfn dky ls pyh vk jgh xq#&f'k"; ijaijk tgka xq# ,oa f'k"; nksuksa dks u dsoy lk/kukjr cuk;s j[krh gS vfirq ;g lh[k Hkh nsrh gS fd lPps 'kks/kdrkZ dh l`tu'khyrk yksxksa dh ikjLifjd rqyuk ugha djrh cfYd og fØ;k'khy jgrh gqbZ ekuo ek= dh lsok djrh jgrh gS A Hkkjro"kZ dks le>us dk vFkZ gS xq#&rRo dks le>uk A f'k"; dks Kku dh vuqHkwfr rHkh gksrh gS tc f'k"; xq# ds le{k ifjç'u] lsok rFkk çf.kikr vFkkZr~ leknj Hkko ls leiZ.k djrk gqvk fou;kour gksrk gS A xq# dk lukru vO;ä :i gh O;äkO;ä gksdj Nk= dk thou&pfj= curk gS A bfrgkl bl ckr dk lk{kh gS fd gekjs es/kkoh ,oa drZO;fu"B f'k";ksa us xq#vksa ds infpàksa ij pyrs gq,] jk"Vª ,oa lekt dh lsok djrs gq, xq#&f'k"; ijaijk dk vFkfdr fpjUru fuoZgu fd;k gS A xq# dh 'kj.k esa mUgsa ;g Kku gks tkrk gS fd thou thus dh lkFkZdrk D;k gS\ thou dks
lkFkZd cukus ds fy, muds ladYi dks bl iafä ls le>k tk ldrk gS]
Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa us Hkh xq#nf{k.kk ds blh Hkko dks u dsoy ft;k gS cfYd foKku ,oa vfHk;kaf=dh f'k{kk ds lw{ere Kku ls lEiw.kZ txr dks peR—r fd;k gS A ;g dguk vfr'k;ksfä ugha gS fd bUgha xq.kksa dks vkRelkr~ djds ;gk¡ ds fo|kFkhZ ns'k&fons'k esa viuh çfrHkk dk yksgk euok jgs gSa A
“varLk~” if=dk ds varLFky esa ;g Hkkouk çeq[k :i ls fo|eku jgh
gS fd if=dk ds LFkk;h LrEHk ds ek/;e ls ge lq/kh ikBdksa dks laLFkku ds mu es/kkoh iwoZ Nk=ksa ls ifjfpr djok,¡ ftUgksaus viuh es/kk ds cycwrs mikftZr /ku dks laLFkku ds Hkfo";ksUeq[kh fodkl ds fy, lefiZr fd;k gSA vkSj fuf'pr rkSj ij ,sls fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa MkW- jktho eksVokuh th dk uke çeq[krk ls fy;k tkrk gS A bl dM+h esa ge vius ikBdksa dks MkW- jktho eksVokuh th ls feyokrs gSa tks fof/k ds fo/kukuqlkj gekjs chp HkkSfrd :i ls rks fo|eku ugha gSa fdUrq muds deZ ,oa mudh mnkjrk vkt Hkh gekjs Le`fr iVy ij dk;e gS A ys[kuh ds ek/;e ls ge Lo-eksVokuh dks vius J)k&lqeu vfiZr djrs gSa A
24 ekpZ] 1962 dks tUes jktho ,d mPp ,oa vuq'kkflr ifjokj ls rkYyqd j[krs Fks A muds firk Hkkjrh; lsuk esa ysf¶VusaV duZy ds in ij rSukr Fks A ns'k ds vusd LFkkuksa ij muds firk dh rSukrh gksus ds dkj.k mudh vkjafHkd f'k{kk vyx&vyx LFkkuksa ij vyx vyx ifjos'k esa gqbZ A cpiu ls gh rhoz es/kk ds
/kuh jktho eksVokuh ,d xf.krK cuuk pkgrs Fks vkSj mUgksus dkyZ QSz+Mfjd xkml dks viuk ghjks Hkh cuk j[kk Fkk A mUgha ds 'kCnksa esa
MkW- eksVokuh ds cM+s HkkbZ vrhr dk Lej.k djrs gq, crkrs gSa fd lkr lky dh mez ls gh jktho us iqLrdksa dks viuk fe= cukuk vkjaHk dj fn;k Fkk; mUgsa vyx&vyx fo/kkvksa tSls&miU;kl] dkWfeDl] vkRedFkk ,oa foKku dh iqLrdsa i<+us dk
cgqr 'kkSd Fkk A dgrs gSa] vkSj MkW- jktho eksVokuh us fd'kksjkoLFkk esa gh bl ckr dks fl) djds fn[kk fn;k Fkk] tc mUgksaus dfBu ifjJe ,oa yxu ls ubZ fnYyh fLFkr cgqçfrf"Br lsaV dksyafc;k gkbZLdwy esa ços'k ik;k A xkSjryc gS fd MkW- eksVokuh us lsaV dksyafc;k gkbZLdwy dh ços'k&ijh{kk esa bruk 'kkunkj çn'kZu fd;k Fkk fd muds lkFk&lkFk muds nksuks HkkbZ;ksa dks Hkh mlh fo|ky; esa ços'k ns fn;k x;kA bl ?kVukØe ds ckn gh mudh ,d fo'ks"k ;ksX;rk dk irk pyk vkSj og Fkh xf.kr fo"k; esa mudh l'kä idM+ A viuh blh ;ksX;rk ,oa {kerk ds cy ij MkW- eksVokuh us Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj ds lax.kd foKku ,oa vfHk;kaf=dh foHkkx esa ch-Vsd- dh d{kk esa ços'k fy;k A
“This was partly shaped by the books I had at my home. My parents for some reasons had a lot of books-ten great scientists or five famous mathematicians- their life story As a child whatever heroes you read about, you
want to become.”
“tgk¡ pkg gS] ogk¡ jkg gS”
xq#nf{k.kk MkW- jktho eksVokuh 6
xq#nf{k.kk MkW- jktho eksVokuh
MkW- eksVokuh us mPp Lrjh; rduhdh f'k{kk xzg.k djus ds fy, gj pqukSrh dks Lohdkj djrs gq, lu~ 1983 esa Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj ls lax.kd foKku ,oa vfHk;kaf=dh fo"k; esa ch- Vsd- dh i<+kbZ lQyrkiwoZd iwjh dh vkSj thou esa dqN fo'ks"k djus ds mís'; ls og vesfjdk pys x;s tgk¡ mUgksaus lu~ 1988 esa ;wfuoflZVh vkWQ dSfyQksfuZ;k] cdZys ls çksQslj fjpMZ dkiZ ds funsZ'ku esa ih,p-Mh- dh iw.kZ dhA muds dkWyst ds fnuksa ds fe= dgk djrs Fks] ‘He is not only brilliant] but also fun loving’ tks muds g¡leq[k LoHkko dk ifjpk;d gSA MkW- eksVokuh us vius fpj&ifjfpr LoHkko dks vius is'ksoj thou esa Hkh f'kír ls ft;k A muds fe= crkrs gSa fd ih,p-Mh- dh mikf/k çkIr djus ds ckn tc mUgksaus LVSuQksMZ fo'ofo|ky; ds lax.kd foKku foHkkx esa çk/;kid ds :i esa v/;kiu&dk;Z çkjaHk fd;k rc Hkh muds LoHkko esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha vk;kA MkW- eksVokuh dks 'kh?kz gh f'k{kd rFkk dEI;wVj fo'ks"kK ds :i esa [;kfr feyuh 'kq# gks xbZA xwxy lpZ batu ds laLFkkid
vius fo|kFkhZ thou ls gh MkW- jktho eksVokuh dks viuk vkn'kZ ekurs Fks vkSj çk;% vius lpZ batu çkstsDV ij muls rduhdh ijke'kZ fy;k djrs Fks A mudh m|e'khyrk ds ckjs esa MkW eksVokuh Lo;a dgrs
Fks
varr% fczu vkSj ist dh m|e'khyrk vkSj MkWW- eksVokuh dk ijke'khZ funsZ'ku QyhHkwr gqvk vkSj xwxy lpZ batu dk tUe gqvk A MkW- eksVokuh ds foKkuh O;fäRo vkSj rduhdh fo'ks"kKrk ls vfHkHkwr lxsZbZ fczu vkSj ySjh ist us MkW- jktho eksVokuh dks viuh daiuh
‘xwxy’ esa rduhdh lykgdkj ds :i esa vkeaf=r fd;k ftls mUgksaus lg”kZ Lohdkj dj fy;k vkSj rnqijkUr os xwxy daiuh ls lykgdkj ds :i tqM+s jgsA xwxy ds laLFkkid fczu mUgsa ,d vPNk nksLr ,oa f'k{kd ekurs gSaA Jh fczu us
muds fu/ku ij viuh laosnuk,¡ çdV djrs gq, fy[kk]
mudh fojklr ,oa O;fäRo dh Nki mu fo|kfFkZ;ksa] ifj;kstukvksa rFkk daifu;k¡] tks muds laidZ esa vk;ha] esa thoUr gSA Today] whenever you use a piece of technology] there is a good
chance a little bit of Rajeev Motwani is behind it…vkt] tc vki fdlh rduhd dk bLrseky dj jgs gksrs gSa rks bl ckr dh iwjh laHkkouk gS fd
mlds ihNs fdlh u fdlh :i es jktho eksVokuh gSa ] ;fn
jktho ugha gksrs rks vkt ‘kk;n xwxy Hkh ugha gksrkA MkW- jktho ,d mPpdksfV ds vUos"kd Fks] mUgkasus cgqr lkjs fo"k;ksa tSls&Randomized algorithms]
Computational complexity] Approximation] Algorithms]
Data mining] Mathematical modeling of the world&wide web vkfn
lxsZbZ fczu ,oa ySjh ist
“These 21year olds would come in and make demands on me
– we need more disk space because we are crawling the web and
it’s getting bigger…… I would give them more money and they
would go and buy more disks”
“…… his legacy
and personality lives on in the students, [projects] and
companies he has touched.
“If Rajeev had not
been there] chances are] there would be no Google today”
7
xq#nf{k.kk MkW- jktho eksVokuh
ij ekSfyd 'kks/k fd, gSa A MkW- eksVokuh us Google ds vfrfjä cM+h la[;k
esa uoksfnr daifu;ksa ds ijke'kZnkrk ds :i esa Hkh viuh lsok,a nh gSa ftuesa
Silicon Valley, Mimosa, Weebly, Aster Data, ,oa eBay vkfn dk
uke çeq[krk ls fy;k tk ldrk gS A MkW- jktho th dk ges'kk ;g ç;kl
gksrk Fkk fd muls ijke'kZ ysusokys osruHkksxh deZpkjh u cus cfYd viuk
Lo;a dk miØe LFkkfir dj fu;ksäk cusa vkSj vius lkFk-lkFk nwljksa dks
jkstxkj çnku djsaA MkW- jktho dh x.kuk egku f'k{kdksa es gksrh gS mUgkasus
crkSj lg;ksxh ys[kd ‘çHkkdj jk?kou’ ds lkFk “randomized
algorithms” ,oa ‘tkWu gksIØk¶V’ vkSj ‘t+kQjh myeku’ ds lkFk
“Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and
Computation” nks fdrkcsa fy[kha gSa tks nqfu;k Hkj esa lax.kd foKku ds
'kS{kf.kd ikBîØe dk fgLlk gSa A MkW- jktho mu ik¡p 'kks/kdrkZvksa esa ls ,d
Fks ftUgksaus fo'o dks peR—r djusokyh vkSj vk/kqfud ;qx esa nwjxkeh
urhts nsusokyh “PCP Theorem” miyC/k djk;k gS A bl vUos"k.k esa MkW-
eksVokuh ds ;ksxnku dks js[kkafdr djrs gq, mUgsa o"kZ 2001 esa çfrf"Br
Godel Prize çnku fd;k x;k FkkA MkW- eksVokuh cM+s fe=or~ LoHkko ds
balku Fks ftldks mUgksaus rkmez dk;e j[kk A LVsuQksMZ ;wfuoflZVh esa mudk
dk;kZy; nqfu;kHkj ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa] ;qok m|fe;ksa ,oa f'k{kkfonksa ds fy, ges'kk
[kqyk jgrk FkkA
os Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj dss lax.kd foKku ,oa vfHk;kaf=dh
foHkkx ds ijke'kZnkrk ds :i esa foHkkx ds 'kks/k&dk;ZØeksa ds lkFk xgjkbZ ls
tqM+s gq, Fks A o"kZ 2003 ls og foHkkx dh 'kks/k&laLFkk ds cksMZ esa Hkh 'kkfey
FksA Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj us MkW- eksVokuh dks lax.kd foKku
,oa vfHk;kaf=dh ds {ks= esa muds mR—"V ;ksxnku ,oa 'kS{kf.kd miyfC/k;ksa
ds fy, o"kZ 2006 esa “çfrf"Br iwoZ Nk= iqjLdkj” [Distinguished
Alumnus Award] ls lEekfur fd;kA MkW- eksVokuh dks çnku fd;s x;s
iqjLdkjksa ,oa lEekuksa dh ,d yach QsgfjLr gS ftuesa:
çeq[k gSa A
5 twu] 2009 foKku vkSj vfHk;kaf=dh nqfu;k ds fy, LrC/k djus okyk Fkk
tc yksxksa dks irk pyk fd 'kkunkj O;fäRo vkSj foy{k.k çfrHkk ds /kuh
MkW- jktho eksVokuh vc ugha jgs A ç—fr ds bl Øwj fu.kZ; us yksxksa dks
ek;wl dj fn;kA Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj ds vf/k"Bkrk]
ladk;&dk;Z çksQslj e.khaæ vxzoky us vius 'kksd&lans'k esa fy[kk -
The Godel Prize
[one of the most prestigious awards in theoretical computer
science], The Okawa Foundation Research Award, The Arthur
Sloan Research Fellowship, The National Young Investigator
Award from the National Science Foundation, The Bergmann
Memorial Award from the US&Israel Bi-national Science
Foundation, and an IBM Faculty Award
“eq>s vHkh Hkh ;kn gS fd tc PCP Theorem dh ?kks"k.kk gqbZ Fkh rks
yksxksa esa cM+h mRlqdrk Fkh] gesa xoZ dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gS fd bl Vhe esa
laLFkku dk ,d iwoZ Nk= 'kkfey gS-------------;|fi eSa muls LVSuQksMZ
esa ,d gh ckj feyk Fkk ysfdu rc ls fiNys pkj lkyksa esa vusd voljksa
ij 'kks/k vkSj laLFkk ds ckjs esa Qksu vkSj bZ&esy ds tfj;s ckrsa gksrh
jgrh Fkha A og vPNs çLrko ij ijke'kZ ,oa lgk;rk ds fy, lnSo
rRij jgk djrs FksA”
eksVokuh
Hkou’
“eksVokuh Hkou”
MkW- eksVokuh dh iRuh Jherh vk'kk tMstk rFkk nksuksa csfV;ksa
uS=h vkSj vkU;k us MkW- eksVokuh dh Le`fr esa mudh 49oha t;arh ij
Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj ds 'kS{kf.kd ifjlj esa gh ‘
ds fuekZ.k gsrq $1-5 fefy;u HksaV fd;k gS A laLFkku ds vf/k—r
okLrqdkj esllZ dufoUns] jk; vkSj pkS/kjh }kjk vfHkdfYir fuekZ.kk/khu
eksVokuh Hkou 3650 oxZ ehVj esa QSyk gqvk gS A pwafd MkW- eksVokuh
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks osruHkksxh deZpkjh cuus dh ctk; lnSo viuh daiuh
LFkkfir dj fu;ksäk cuus ds fy, çsfjr fd;k djrs Fks] blfy, laLFkku
us 6 ryh; eksVokuh Hkou ds Åijh ry dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa m|e'khyrk dks
c<+kok nsus ,oa mUgsa lQy m|eh cukus gsrq vk;ksftr dk;ZØeksa ds fy,
fpfàr fd;k x;k gS A blds vfrfjä bl Hkou esa 200 dqflZ;ksa okyk
,d Dykl :e] 16 çk/;kid dk;kZy; ,oa 17 ç;ksx'kkyk,a gksaxh A bl
Hkou ls lax.kd foKku ,oa vfHk;kaf=dh foHkkx ls lacfU/kr xfrfof/k;ka
lapkfyr dh tk,axh vkSj MkW- eksVokuh ds ‘kks/k&dk;ksaZ ls çHkkfor
m|ferk ,oa uokspkj dks iksf"kr djus okyh fopkj/kkjk dks c<+kok fn;k
tk,xk A Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj ,oa jktho eksVokuh
QkmUMs'ku dk ;g la;qä ç;kl laLFkku ds fodkl vkSj çxfr ds çfr
mudh çfrc)rk dh lun gSA vk'kk gh ugha] iw.kZ fo'okl gS fd ;g
fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa çk/;kid m|fe;ksa ds çxfr'khy uohu fopkjksa ,oa
rduhd dks lQy m|e esa pfjrkFkZ djus esa ennxkj lkfcr gksxk A
,d çsj.kk ds çrhd ds :i esa laLFkku leqnk; dks
lnSo thou] txr vkSj ft+Eesnkjh ds çfr çsfjr djrk jgsxk vkSj
LoxhZ; jktho eksVokuh dh Le`fr dks thoar j[ksxk A
laLFkku leqnk; dh rjQ ls ̂ varl~* ifjokj Jherh vk'kk tMstk ,oa
mudh iqf=;ksa uS=h vkSj vkU;k ds çfr vkHkkj Kkfir djrk gS A
jktHkk"kk çdks"B
bfrgkl dh ;RuiwoZd j{kk djuh pkfg,A /ku rks vkrk vkSj tkrk gSA /ku ls ghu gksus ij dksbZ u"V ugha gksrk gS fdUrq bfrgkl vkSj viuk çkphu xkSjo u"V dj nsus ij fouk'k fuf'pr gSA
osn O;kl ¼egkHkkjr½
8
ftl Hkkjro"kZ dh vkjk/kuk fgUnh lkfgR; ds egkdfo lqfe=kuanu iar us
fy[kdj fd;k Fkk] tgka lfn;ksa ls “;= uk;ZLrq
iwT;Urs] jeUrs r= nsork” tSls m)j.k nsdj Hkkjro"kZ esa efgykvksa dks ikfjokfjd vkSj lkekftd –f"V ls vR;ar mPp LFkku fn;k tkrk jgk gS ogha vkt dkyxfr ds lkFk cnyrs ifjos'k o nwljh lH;rkvksa ds va/kkuqdj.k us lekt ds ml rkus&ckus dks fNUu&fHkUu dj fn;k gS ftl ij ge lHkh xoZ fd;k djrs FksA vkcknh dh yxHkx vk/kh la[;k dk çfrfuf/kRo djus okyh L=h viuh gh dks[k ls mRiUu iq#"k ds oSpkfjd iru] vukpkj vkSj mRihM+u ls bl dnj Hk;Hkhr gks pqdh gS fd bl lanHkZ esa vkf[kjdkj loksZPp U;k;ky; dks gLr{ksi djuk iM+kA
pwafd fo"k; ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa esa dk;Zjr efgykvksa ds lkFk gksusokys ;kSu&mRihM+u dh jksdFkke gS] vr% lh/ks&lh/ks eqís ij vkrs gq, crykuk pkgrs gSa fd fo'kk[kk vkSj vU; cuke jktLFkku ljdkj vkSj vU; ds chp 90 ds n'kd esa pyus okys eqdnes [JT1997 ¼7½ SC384] dks vk/kkj cukdj ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k fd laLFkkuksa ds eqf[k;k dk ;g nkf;Ro gksxk fd laLFkku esa dk;Zjr fdlh Hkh efgyk ds lkFk ;kSu&mRihM+u u gksAU;k;ky; us ;g Hkh fu/kkZfjr dj fn;k fd ijks{k o vijks{k :i ls fuEufyf[kr O;ogkj ;kSu&mRihM+u dh Js.kh
esa vk,axs:
1- 'kkjhfjd Li'kZ vFkok mldk ç;kl
2- ;kSu laca/k dh vH;FkZuk
3- f}vFkhZ] v'yhy fVIi.kh
4- v'yhy lkfgR; vFkok fiDpj dk çn'kZu
dsaæh; flfoy lsok [vkpj.k]] fu;ekoyh 1964] la[;k 3 ¼1½ ¼iii½ 1964 ds eísutj leLr ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa dks le>uk gksxk fd dk;Zjr efgykvksa ds lkFk fdlh Hkh çdkj dk ;kSu&mRihM+u dk O;ogkj dnkpkj dh Js.kh esa vkrk gS vkSj ,slh n'kk esa mi;qä vf/kdkjh ds fy, vko';d gksxk fd og dnkpkjh deZpkjh ds fo#) mfpr vuq'kklukRed dkjZokbZ djsA
mi;qZä ds vk/kkj ij rFkk ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds fn'kk&funsZ'k ij Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj esa Hkh ̂ efgyk çdks"B* dh LFkkiuk dh x;h ftldh v/;{kk ekufodh ,oa lkekftd foKku foHkkx dh ladk; lnL; MkW- f'k[kk nhf{kr th dks cuk;k x;kA çdks"B mik/;{k xf.kr ,oa lkaf[;dh foHkkx dh ladk; lnL; MkW- uafnuh uhydaBu th gSaA çdks"B esa v/;{k ,oa mik/;{k dks ysdj dqy 11 lnL; gSa ftuesa ,d efgyk lnL; funs'kd }kjk ckgj ls ukfer dh xbZa gSa tks vko';drk iM+us ij efgyk çdks"B dh lgk;rk djsaxhA
efgyk çdks"B dks vf/kdkj gksxk fd og efgyk ladk; lnL;ksa] efgyk deZpkfj;ksa] Nk=kvksa rFkk laLFkku ifjlj esa fuokl djus okyh nwljh vU; efgykvksa ls lacfU/kr f'kdk;rksa dk laKku ysdj ekeys dk fuLrkj.k djsA ekeyksa dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, lfefr ftruh ckj
“Hkkjrekrk xzkeokfluh”
pkgs viuh cSBd dj ldrh gSA ;fn lfefr ds le{k dksbZ ekeyk ugha gS rks ml n'kk esa Hkh lfefr dks çR;sd frekgh esa cSBd djuh gS vkSj rRlEca/kh fjiksVZ ;Fkk 'kh?kz funs'kd dks çLrqr djuh gSA
efgyk çdks"B dh v/;{kk dks ;g Lor% vf/kdkj gksxk fd og laKku esa vk, ekeyksa dh tkap dj vko';d dkjZokbZ gsrq viuh fjiksVZ funs'kd dks çsf"kr djsA efgyk çdks"B dk ;g Hkh mÙkjnkf;Ro gksxk fd og le;≤ ij fdlh Hkh çdkj ds fyax&Hksn vFkok ;kSu&mRihM+u lacfU/kr vkpj.k ds 'keukFkZ vko';d dkjokbZ gsrq laLFkku&ç'kklu dks viuh laLrqfr HkstsA lfefr dh laLrqfr ij vafre fu.kZ; ysus ls igys efgyk çdks"B dh v/;{kk ls lykg&e'kfojk ,d vko';d çfØ;k gksxh ysfdu efgyk çdks"B ds ikl ç'kklfud dk;Zokgh gsrq dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkj ugha gksxkA
laLFkku }kjk fy, x, lkekU; ç'kklfud vFkok vuq'kklfud fu.kZ;ksa ls mRiUu f'kdk;rsa efgyk çdks"B ds vf/kdkj {ks= ls ckgj gksaxhA vius dk;Zdky dh lekfIr ij efgyk çdks"B funs'kd egksn; dks VfeZuy fjiksVZ çLrqr djsxhA
mi;qZä fooj.kkRed rF; dk;kZy; vkns'k la[;k DIR/IITK/2013/28 fnukafdr 19 ebZ] 2013 ij vk/kkfjr gSA
laLFkku esa LFkkfir efgyk çdks"B dh i`"BHkwfe] dk;Z&ç.kkyh vkSj mís'; tSlh reke ckrksa dks çdks"B dh v/;{kk MkW- f'k[kk nhf{kr ds le{k ,d lk{kkRdkj ds nkSjku j[kk x;k ftlij MkW- nhf{kr us cM+h csckdh ls vius
fopkj j[ks gSa; çLrqr gS mlh lk{kkRdkj ds çeq[k va'k:
eSMe! vki bl çdks"B ls dc vkSj dSls tqM+ha\
ns[kks lquhrk! ;s rks lHkh dks irk gS fd vktdy tgka rd efgykvksa dh laj{kk] lqj{kk dk ç'u gS gekjs ns'k dk lekt dgk¡ ij [kM+k ut+j vkrk gSA ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us dsaæ ljdkj dks vknsf'kr fd;k fd çR;sd laLFkku esa dk;Zjr efgykvksa dh fdlh Hkh çdkj ds ;kSu&mRihM+u ls lqj{kk lqfuf'pr dh tk,A mlh çfØ;k ds rgr bl laLFkku esa Hkh efgyk çdks"B dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA U;k;ky; ds fn'kkfunsZ'kkuqlkj çdks"B dh v/;{kk fdlh efgyk vf/kdkjh dks gh gksuk gSA rks bl çdks"B ls blds laLFkkiu ds le; ls gh eSa v/;{k ds :i esa lac) gw¡ A
lquhrk %
MkW-f'k[kk nhf{kr%
lk{kkRdkj çksQslj f'k[kk nhf{kr 9
lk{kkRdkj çksQslj f'k[kk nhf{kr
;gk¡ ;g X;krO; gS fd ;|fi efgyk çdks"B dh LFkkiuk 2013 esa gqbZ gS fdUrq laLFkku us dkQh le; iwoZ ls gh efgyk ;kSu mRihM+u lfefr dk xBu fd;k gqvk Fkk vkSj eSa bl lfefr ds laLFkkiu ds le; ls gh lac) gw¡A MkW-uafnuh uhydaBu bl çdks"B dh mik/;{k gSa] dqy feydj 11
lnL; gSaA
çksQslj nhf{kr! vc tc fd vki laLFkku esa efgyk çdks"B ds laLFkkiu ds lkFk gh blds v/;{k ds :i esa tqM+h gqbZ gSa] vki viuh 'kS{kf.kd i`"Hkwfe dks çdks"B ds dk;Z dks çHkkoh cukus esa fdl çdkj lgk;d ekurh gSa \
laLFkku esa eSa viuh 'kS{kf.kd i`"BHkwfe ds vk/kkj ij ekufodh ,oa lkekftd foKku esa euksfoKku dh ladk; lnL; ds :i esa inLFk gqbZA ;|fi iq#"k ,oa L=h lekt ds vfofNUu vax gS rFkkfi ;kSu&mRihM+u dh leL;k ,d lkekftd vijk/k ,oa fof/kd fo"k; gS vkSj bls mlh :i esa ns[kuk gksxkA ,d euksfoKkuh gksus ds ukrs gekjs fy, leL;k dh rg rd igq¡puk vkSj mldk lek/kku [kkstuk vis{kk—r ljy gksxk ,slk eSa ekurh gw¡A
,d rjQ rks gekjs lekt esa f'k{kk dk mÙkjksÙkj foLrkj gksrk tk jgk gS tc fd blds foijhr lekt esa ;kSu&mRihM+u ds ekeys c<+rs tk jgs gSaA vki bl leL;k dk vkdyu fdl çdkj djrh gSa\
;g lgh gS fd Hkkjrh; lekt esa f'k{kk dk fujUrj fodkl&foLrkj gks jgk gS ysfdu tgk¡ rd ;kSu&mRihM+u dh leL;k dk ç'u gS] rks ;g f'k{kk ls dgha vf/kd lkekftd okrkoj.k] ifjos'k rFkk ekuo&euksfoKku ls çHkkfor gksrk gSA vkt lekt esa vrhr ds laLdkfjr ekun.M /khjs&/khjs djds njd jgs gSa vkSj muesa ,d vthc [kks[kykiu lk yxus yxk gS A ifjokj vkSj lekt dk ;qokvksa ij fu;a=.k [kRe gks jgk gS A csjkstxkjh vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj us lekt ds gj vax dks çnwf"kr dj fn;k gSA esjs fopkj esa orZeku dh nq[k:n fLFkfr ds ewy dkjd çeq[kr% ;gh gSa A efgykvksa esa f'k{kk dk Lrj c<+ jgk gS yxHkx gj {ks= esa vkt dh efgyk gekjs iq#"k ç/kku lekt esa mldh cjkcjh dj jgh gS dbZ {ks=ksa esa rks og çeq[k inksa ij fojkteku gSA dnkfpr iq#"k dk vga blls vkgr gksrk gks D;ksafd vusd ekeyksa esa ns[kk x;k gS fd efgykvksa dk ;kSu&mRihM+u vga vkSj vkRe&rqf"V ds fy, fd;k x;k gSA oLrqr% ,sls dbZ dkj.k gSa tks bl rjg dk ekgkSy iSnk dj jgs gSa tgka ij efgykvksa ds lkFk nqjkpkj dh laHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA gesa ;gh le>uk vkSj le>kuk gksxk fd efgyk,a vc nks;e ntsZ dh ukxfjd ugha jg xbZ gSaA Hkksx dh oLrq ls cgqr vkxs fudky dj vc og HkkX; dh mRltZd cu xbZ gSaA esjs fopkj ls ;g le>uk cgqr t:jh gS fd efgyk,a rc rd iwjh rjg ls ;kSu&mRihM+u tSls lkekftd dq—R;ksa ls futkr ugha ik,¡xh tc rd os [kqn bl egkekjh ls yM+us dk eu ugha cukrhaA ljdkjh vuqns'k vkSj funsZ'k ij laLFkkvksa esa efgyk&çdks"B dh LFkkiuk mlh fn'kk esa mBk;k x;k ,d ldkjkRed dne gSA ftldk fufgrkFkZ ;gh gS fd ,d rjQ
lquhrk flag%
MkW- f'k[kk nhf{kr%
lquhrk%
MkW- nhf{kr!
;kSu&mRihM+u tSls vijk/kksa ls lekt dks eqä cuk;k tk, vkSj nwljh rjQ efgykvksa dks l'kä vkSj fuHkhZd cuk;k tk, rkfd dk;kZy;ksa esa Hk;&eqä okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k gks lds vkSj muds O;fäRo dk uSlfxZd fodkl gks ldsA
eSMe! laLFkku esa ;fn efgyk mRihM+u ds ekeys laKku esa vkrs gSa] rnfLFkfr esa vFkok bl leL;k dks fu#) djus gsrq vkids erkuqlkj laLFkku }kjk D;k fd;k tk ldrk gS \
lquhrk th nsf[k,] gekjk laLFkku mPp f'k{kk dk ,d fo'o&çfl) jk"Vªh; egRo dk laLFkku gS tgk¡ f'k{kkFkhZ ds lkFk&lkFk ;gk¡ ds ladk;&lnL;] deZpkjhx.k] ifjlj oklh vkfn lHkh lqf'kf{kr yksx gSa elyu bl ifjlj esa lk{kjrk 'kr&çfr'kr gS ,slk ge ekudj pyrs gSaA ge vius ifjlj ds lekt esa bl psruk dks vkSj tkxzr] çlkfjr o foLrkfjr djsaxs ftlls laLFkku esa vkn'kZ okrkoj.k cusA ;fn laLFkku esa nqHkkZX;o'k ,slh fLFkfr mRiUu gksrh gS rks vkids ek/;e ls ge ifjlj okfl;ksa dks lwfpr djuk pkgrs gSa fd ihfM+r efgyk çdks"B ls lh/ks laidZ dj ldrh gS] gekjs dk;kZy; vFkok ?kj ds VsyhQksu uacj ij ;k bZ&esy ds ek/;e ls gedks lwfpr dj ldrh gS Age ;s vk'o'r djuk pkgrs gSa fd efgyk çdks"B f'kdk;rdrkZ ds uke dks xqIr j[kus ds fy, çfrc) gSA
eSMe! —i;k laLFkku esa efgyk çdks"B dks çnÙk 'kfä;ksa rFkk dk;Z'kSyh ds ckjs esa ikBdksa dks voxr djk;sa A
tgk¡ rd efgyk çdks"B esa fufgr 'kfä;ksa dh ckr gS] bls laLFkku esa dk;Zjr efgyk ladk; ,oa deZpkfj;ksa] v/;;ujr Nk=kvksa] ifjlj esa jgus okyh fdlh Hkh efgyk ls lacaf/kr f'kdk;rksa dk Loçsj.kk ,oa Lora= :i ls laKku ysus ,oa mldh tk¡p djus dh 'kfä çnku dh xbZ gSA blh dM+h esa efgyk çdks"B vius esa fufgr 'kfä;ksa dk ç;ksx djrs gq, ;kSu&mRihM+u ls lacaf/kr ekeys dh Lora= tk¡p dj ldsxk vkSj tk¡p ds mijkUr laLFkku ds funs'kd ds le{k mfpr dkjZokbZ gsrq fjiksVZ çLrqr djsxkA
egksn;k ! vki ^varLk~* if=dk ,oa blds ikBdksa ds fy, D;k lans'k nsuk pkgsaxh \
^varLk~* fu%lansg ,d Lrjh; if=dk gS A vki lcdk lfEefyr ç;kl lpeqp ljkguh; gS A vki yksx ̂ varLk~* ds bl vad esa ikBdksa dks laLFkku esa xfBr efgyk çdks"B ds ckjs esa leqfpr tkudkjh ns jgs gSa] ;g tkudj eq>s lq[kn vuqHkwfr gqbZ gS A ;g ,d vPNk ç;kl gS D;ksafd laLFkku ds ,d cM+s oxZ dks mä çdks"B esa fufgr 'kfä;ksa rFkk dk;Z'kSyh ds ckjs esa vHkh rd Hkyh&Hkk¡fr :i ls Kku ugha gSA eSa efgyk çdks"B ds lHkh lnL;ksa rFkk viuh vksj ls ̂varLk~* dh iwjh Vhe dks cgqr cgqr c/kkbZ nsrh gw¡ ,oa blds vkSj leqUur gksus dh dkeuk djrh gw¡A
cgqr&cgqr /kU;okn!
lquhrk%
MkW- f'k[kk nhf{kr%
lquhrk%
MkW- f'k[kk nhf{kr%
lquhrk%
MkW- f'k[kk nhf{kr%
10
csVhç'u! thou ds gy ugha gksrs];kj csdkj ekFkk iPph gSAmldks ekjks u tUe ls igys];s rks lkspks rqEgkjh cPph gS--------------------------
vk¡[k dk dkty rqEgkjs ikl gSik¡o dh ik;y rqEgkjs ikl gSA
ek¡ dh eerk ck¡Vus ds okLrs]I;kj dk vk¡py rqEgkjs ikl gSA
ck¡/k dj /kkxk fdlh ds gkFk esa]HkkbZ dk lEcy rqEgkjs ikl gSA
ekr`-Hkk"kk cksyrk gS gj dksbZ]vkus okyk dy rqEgkjs ikl gSA
lq[k esa] nq[k esa vkpeu ds okLrs]usg xaxk ty rqEgkjs ikl gSA
bl le; dh] ml le; dh ckr D;k]gj lnh dk iy rqEgkjs ikl gSA
tUe ysrs ohj rsjh dks[k ls] ,slk ckgq&cy rqEgkjs ikl gSA
f[kyf[kykrs Qwy ;s fdydkfj;k¡]ftanxh dk Qy rqEgkjs ikl gSA
Jh valkj dEcjh th
Jh valkj dEcjh th dkuiqj 'kgj ds e'kgwj 'kk;j gSaA LokHkkfod balkuh tT+Ckkrksa ds lPps fprsjk dacjh th us viuh uT+eksa ,oa xt+yksa dh uqekbUnxh ls ns'k&fons'k esa dkuiqj 'kgj dh uqekbUnxh dks jkS'ku fd;k gSSA fganqLrkuh lH;rk dh /kjksgj ykyfdys ls viuh 'kk;jh dk eqt+kfgjk djus okys dacjh th us lkHkkj viuh jpuk,a “varLk~” esa çdkf'kr fd;s tkus gsrq vuqefr çnku dh gS;mlds fy, lk/kqokn!
xt+y
VwVs gSa geis brus flre VwV x;s gSa]lp dg jgs gSa rsjh dle VwV x;s gSaA
ns[kk tks geus Nw ds rks ,glkl gqvk gS]vkbZuk rks VwVk ugha ge VwV x;s gSaA
ge cUn fd;s vk¡[k tgk¡ ns[k jgs Fks]vk¡[ksa [kqyh rks lkjs Hkje VwV x;s gSaA
e;[kkus ugha tk;sa rks fQj tk;sa dgk¡ ge]cLrh esa lHkh nSjks&gje VwV x;s gSaA
+Qudkj gq, tc ls dye cspus okys]+gS dEcjh tks vgys&dye VwV x;s gSaA
lkfgR; ;k=k dfork ,oa xt+y 11
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k
ifjokj esa cqtqxksaZ ls funsZ'k feyk gS fd uojkf= esa iwjh vkLFkk ls eSa nqxkZ lIr'krh ds ikB vkSj iwtk vpZuk ij /;ku nw¡A ?kj ls rc rd u Vyw¡, tc rd
çkr&dkyhu ikB u lekIr gks tk;sA bu fnuksa Hkkstu ty&iku ij /;ku de nw¡ vkSj cktkj esa ek¡ nqxkZ dh çfrek dks ltkus ds fy, ftrus ifj/kku
vkSj lkexzh fcd jgh gS, mu lHkh dks [kjhn dj ykšA eSa cktkj esa nkSM+ x;k vkSj ns[kdj nax jg x;k fd gj nqdku esa iwtk vpZuk dh lkexzh vVh
iM+h gSA cspus vkSj [kjhnus okyksa dh HkhM+ ls 'kgj dh lM+dsa tke gSaA tks yksx dy rd ikfdLrku vkSj fganqLrku dh yM+kbZ vkSj d'ehj–vesfjdk dh
ppkZ esa O;Lr FksA vkt os nqxkZ nsoh ds ikB esa yxs FksA bl vk/;kfRed ygj dks ns[k Hkyk dkSu ugha pfdr gksxk?
uojkf= esa esjh fnup;kZ esa Hkh ifjorZu vk;kA lqcg gh ugk ysrk Fkk vkSj l`f"V dh vkfn–'kfä ek¡ nqxkZ dks Lej.k djrs gq, Qwyksa dh ekyk [kjhnus
cktkj nkSM+ tkrk Fkk vkSj eu gh eu çkFkZuk djrk Fkk&gs nsoh!&rqe l`f"V dh ldkjkRed 'kfä;ksa dh iq¡t gksA eq>s bl uojkf= esa çsj.kk nks fd eSa viuh
vkarfjd 'kfä;ksa dks tkx`r dj ldw¡A ek¡ Hkxorh ds çfr lkjh vkLFkk] lEeku ds Hkko ds ckotwn esjk papy eu cktkj ds HkkSfrd vkd"kZ.k ds chp
viuh vk/;kfRed o`fÙk Hkwy tkrk FkkA tc eSaus viuh nqcZyrk viuh /keZiRuh dkss crk;h rks mUgksaus /kwez foykspuh tSlh vk¡[kksa ls eq>s ns[kkA ml –f"V
fu{ksi esa eSaus ek¡ nqxkZ ds n'kZu fd;sA mudk funsZ'k Fkk fd uojkf= dky esa çR;sd iq#"k dks pkSchl ?kaVs Hktu] oanu] ti vkSj /;ku esa yhu jguk pkfg,A
blls thou la;fer gksrk gSA ;fn la;ksxo'k dksbZ vijk/k gks tk, rks iq#"k dks ek¡ ls {kek ek¡x ysuh pkfg,A
uojkf=dky esa ek¡ nqxkZ ds çfr esjh ?kksj vkLFkk ns[k esjh Jherh th cgqr çlUu FkhaA blfy, eSa Hkh fuf'apr Fkk fd ;s ukS fnu ifjokj esa 'kkafr vkSj
vfgalk esa dVsaxsA blh çlax esa mUgksaus eq>s ,glkl fnyk;k fd ;fn esjs thou esa mu tSlh ukjh dk inkZi.k ugha gqvk gksrk rks eSa vlqjkas ds lekt ls
eqä gksdj vkt nsorqY; ifr dk vklu dHkh ugha xzg.k dj ikrkA eSa Hkh vius lq/kkj ds fy, cgqr cspSu FkkA okLro esa vusd vuq'kklu] vadq'k vkSj
la;e ds ckn Hkh eq>esa dqN dfe;k¡ jg x;h FkhA ,d fnu pIiy igus gh eSa iwtk?kj esa ?kql x;kA bl xyrh ij esjh foosdghurk vkSj vukLFkk dks cgqr
dkslk x;kA rHkh eSaus lkspk fd odZ'kkWi esa tkus ls eSa lq/kj tkÅ¡A eSa ml LFkku ij igq¡pk ogk¡ dbZ nhokjksa ij nqxkZ] dkyh] Hkxorh] ljLorh vkfn vusd
ukeksa ds iksLVj yxs FksA efg"kklqj dk fouk'k djrh gqbZ ek¡ nqxkZ dh vk¡[ksa ns[k eSa Hk;Hkhr gks x;kA mlesa xkjUVh nh x;h Fkh fd 'kqYd tekdj rhu fnuksa
ds çf'k{k.k ds ckn dksbZ Hkh nqxkZHkä cu ldrk gSA 'kfä dh vf/k"Bkrk nsoh mls çR;sd fo?u ck/kk ls yM+us dh 'kfä nsxhA mu foKkiuksa dks i<+dj eSa
eqX/k gks x;kA
eSaus ml vkneh dh eu gh eu ç'kalk dh ftlus ek¡ nqxkZ ij odZ'kkWi pykus dh lcls igyh ;kstuk cuk;h gksxhA ns'k ds gtkjksa nsoh&nsorkvksa ds iwtk
?kjksa vkSj rhFkksaZ esa eSaus vk/;kfRed cktkjksa dks clrs vkSj fodflr gksrs ns[kk FkkA
odZ'kkWi O;kolkf;d xfrfof/k c<+kus dk ,d u;k fopkj FkkA vc vk/;kfRedrk Hkh cSad&cSysUl dk tfj;k cu x;h gSA iaMs] iqtkjh] T;ksfr"kkpk;Z vkSj
iwtk lkexzh ds nqdkunkj y[kifr vkSj djksM+ifr cu x;s gSaA odZ'kkWi esa iwtk] vpZuk] /;ku] vkjrh] ewfrZ dk Jaxkj vkSj 'ka[kukn vkfn ds egRo dks
le>k;k tkrk FkkA esjs eksgYys dh nfl;ksa vkSjrksa us ml odZ'kkWi esa ços'k fy;k Fkk blls fdrus ifr;ksa dks jkgr feyh gksxh] eSa lkspus yxkA oLrqr:
vkLFkk us Hkh vc O;kikj dk :i ys fy;k gSA vk/;kfRedrk ds bl O;olk;hdj.k ij gesa cM+h [kq'kh gSA ‘kkVZdV esa lkjh iwtk lEiUu gks tkrh gSA ,sls
odZ'kkWi ij ek¡ nsoh nqxkZ dh —ik cuh jgsA
vkLFkk vkSj O;kikj
jkts'k dqekj JhokLro rduhdh v/kh{kd
12
lkfgR; ;k=k dfork,a
lkxj&çdk'k
vfojy jsok* /kkjk iwNs]#drk gS rw D;ksa gj iy\feyus lkxj dh ygjksa ls]
lax esjs rw vkt fudy pyA
'kafdr eu ys] D;ksa rw HkVds\Mwc ds eq>esa /kqa/k feVk pyA
rV ij D;ksa] rw dadM+ chus\vEcqf/k /ku latksus lax pyA
nqfo/kk esa eu dks] D;ksa Mkys\'kkar leqanj ikj pyk pyA
Kku D;ksa <wa<+s] mFkys ty esa\xgjkbZ dk ea= le> pyA
Vsd xM+k D;ksa] vkoj.kksa esa\ik'k /kjk ds rksM+ ds fQj pyA
feyus lkxj dh ygjksa ls]lax esjs rw vkt fudy pyA
*
VqdM+ksa esa ftanxh---
VqdM+kas&VqdM+ksa esa dqN ,sls] th jgh gS ftanxh u thrh gS iwjh rjg] u Fke jgh gS ftanxh
dc 'kke gks tk;s ;gk¡] dqN irk gh ughalkyksa&lkyksa dk] ij fglkc] j[k jgh gS ftanxh
vjlk gks x;k] [kqn ls eq[kkfrc gq, vc eSa dks eSa ls vutku] ik jgh gS ftanxh
mM+rk gw¡] lk[k ls] VwVs iÙks dh rjggokvksa ds #[k ij] vc py jgh gS ftanxh
dkSu gw¡ vkSj fdlfy,] tokc feyrs gh ughaloky ;s ckj&ckj] nksgjk jgh gS ftanxh
tekus ls u yh] ,d lk¡l [kqn ds fy, lk¡lksa dh /kkaSduhs] <ks jgh gS ftanxh
dSlh ;s vkik/kkih] dSlh ;s ekjkekjhnks iy lqdwu ds] u ulhc gS ftanxh
cqr[kkus ls ckgj] rq>s ns[kk ugha dHkhrw gS Hkh] ;k ugha] d'ed'k esa th jgh gS ftanxh
dHkh xqt+js dy dh ;knsa] dHkh vkus okys dk Hkze vHkh&vkt esa ugha] dy&dy esa th jgh gS ftanxh
pyuk lh[kk gS tcls] cs&flEr tk jgk gw¡fcu eafty ds jkLrs] vc vk [kM+h gS ftanxh
fpidk gqvk gS lk;k cu] bd v/kwjkiu esjs lkFkcq>s tks fpjkx] rc gh iwjh gksxh ;s ftanxh---
ueZnk
çksQslj lehj [kkaMsdj;kaf=d vfHk;kaf=dh
çksQslj Hkkjr yksguh flfoy vfHk;kaf=dh
ueZnk unh dk i;kZ;okph
13
eq>s ,d [F] ls Mj yxrk gS:ml lqcg ekSle cgqr BaMk Fkk - dkuiqj lfnZ;ksa esa oSls Hkh cgqr BaMk jgrk gS vkSj vkbZvkbZVh esa rks ges'kk ls gh 'kgj dh rqyuk esa T;knk BaMd iM+rh gSA ml fnu 5osa l= dh mÙkj iqfLrdk;s¡ fn[kkbZ tkusokyh FkhaA 'kq: ls gh eSdsfudy bathfu;fjax dk ikB~;Øe] fo'ks"k :i ls rhljs o"kZ dk] esjs fy, cgqr eqf'dy lkfcr gks jgk FkkA eSa ges'kk ls gh viuh 'kSf{kd ;ksX;rk ds çfr fpafrr jgk djrk Fkk D;ksafd eSa ns[k jgk Fkk fd fnu&çfrfnu esjk xzsM fQly jgk FkkAmldk dkj.k Hkh eq>s irk Fkk D;ksafd eSaus ml iwjs l= esa ;k rks fiDpjsa ns[kus esa le; fcrk;k Fkk ;k fgUnh esa dfork;sa fy[kus esa; eSaus u;k dEI;wVj tks [kjhnk FkkA eSaus viuk vf/kdka'k le; vius fo|ky; dh if=dk ds lEiknu vkSj ,slh gh xfrfof/k;ksa esa Hkh fcrk;k Fkk vkSj ;gh lc dkj.k Fks ftudh otg ls eSa vius ikB~;Øe esa ihNs gks x;k FkkA e'khuksa dh F;ksjh eSdsfudy bathfu;lZ ds fy, ,d cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ dkslZ gksrk FkkA bl ikBîØe dk laca/k e'khuh dy&iqtksaZ ls vo'; jgk gksxk] ysfdu eq>s blds ckjs esa T;knk le> esa ugha vk;kA ;|fi ;g çksQslj v'kksd efyd }kjk i<+k;k tkrk Fkk ftUgsa dsoy dqN gh eghus igys] f'k{kd fnol ds volj ij loZJs"B v/;kid ds :i esa lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA fdLer ls ml le; eSa Nk=ksa dh lhusV dk dk;Zokgd la;kstd Fkk vkSj bl rjg eSa loZJs"B v/;kid pquus dh çfØ;k dk ,d fgLlk FkkA eSa O;fäxr :i ls MkW- efyd dk cgqr lEeku djrk FkkA os vkbZvkbZVh dkuiqj esa lcls çfrf"Br vkSj lEekfur f'k{kdksa esa ls ,d FksA ysfdu bu lkjh phtksa us Hkh eq>s e'khuksa dh F;ksjh dks le>us esa dksbZ enn ugha dhA oLrqr% eSa vkt Hkh ;g le>us ds fy, la?k"kZ djrk jgrk gw¡ fd ,d dSejk ;k ,d fx;j&ckWDl dSls dke djrk gS\'kS{kf.kd l= dh vafre ijh{kk 130 vadksa ds fy, vk;ksftr dh xbZ Fkh vkSj tgka rd laHko Fkk eSaus lHkh lokyksa dks gy djus dk ç;kl fd;k Fkk- ysfdu eSa ml fnu Mj x;k Fkk ftl fnu mÙkj iqfLrdk;sa fn[kkbZ tkuh FkhaA ge lHkh dks ySc esa cqyk;k x;k vkSj lHkh dks mÙkj iqfLrdk,¡ ns nh xbZaA vf/kdka'k ç'uksa ds mÙkj esa eq>s 1 ;k 2 vad feys Fks vkSj dqy feykdj 130 esa ls 13 vad eq>s çkIr gq;s FksA dqN gh feuVksa esa eq>s irk py x;k Fkk fd 70 Nk=ksa ds cSp esa esjk LFkku U;wure vad ikus okyksa esa nwljk FkkA ;|fi vkbZ vkbZ Vh dkuiqj esa l=&ijh{kk esa ikl djus ds fy, de ls de çkIrkadksa dk dksbZ fu/kkZfjr ekinaM ugha FkkA bls iwjh rjg ls vuqns'kd ds foosdkf/kdkj dk {ks= ekuk tkrk Fkk fQj Hkh eSa fujk'k Fkk fd gekjs }kjk çkIr 10% vad drbZ lEekutud vad ugha Fks ftlls dksbZ vk'kk ca/k ldsA ;g esjk lcls U;wure Ldksj Fkk tks eq>s vHkh rd ds thou esa feyk FkkA eq>s irk Fkk fd ;fn çksQslj efyd nks Nk=ksa dks Hkh Qsy djrs gSa rks mles ls ,d eSa gwaxkA eSaus çks- efyd ls fuosnuiwoZd iwNk fd de ls de fdrus vad feyus ij og ikl djsaxs rks mUgksaus crk;k fd mls lkoZtfud ugha fd;k tk ldrkA tc 'kS{kf.kd&dk;Z&dk;kZy; ds uksfVl cksMZ ij ^F* ikusokyksa dh lwph pLik dh tk,xh rHkh ge tku ldsaxs fd eSa fo"k; esa ikl gw¡ vFkok QsyA eSa] vius dejs esa okil vk x;k vkSj csgn Mjk gqvk FkkA ihNs cksdkjks esa
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[kesjs ?kj ij nks g¶rs ckn esjs HkkbZ dh 'kknh gksus okyh Fkh vkSj esjs ekrk firk vk;ksftr gksus okys oSokfgd dk;ZØe dh rS;kjh esa O;Lr FksAesjs ikl bruh fgEer ugha cph Fkh fd eSa vius ?kj Qksu djds mUgsa crk ldw¡ fd D;k gqvk gS\ eq>s ;kn vk jgk Fkk fd Ldwy ds fnuksa esa eSa Ng lky rd yxkrkj viuh d{kk esa vOoy Fkk ysfdu ;gk¡ eSdsfudy bathfu;fjax esa esjk çn'kZu vR;ar fujk'kktud FkkA eSa lkspus yxk “D;k okLro esa eSa ,d csodwQ gw¡\ eq>esa ;kaf=dh le>us ds fy, vkSlr cqf) Hkh ugha gS\” fofHkUu fopkj esjs eu esa vk jgs Fks eq>s yxk fd eSa jksÅ¡ ysfdu eSa ,slk dj ugha ldkA eSa ;g lkspdj gh lge tkrk Fkk fd tc esjs ekrk&firk dks irk pysxk fd eSa Qsy gks x;k gw¡ rks os esjs ckjs esa D;k lkspsaxsA gekjk iwjk ifjokj vkSj ukrs&fj'rsnkj lHkh esjs HkkbZ dh 'kknh esa gksaxs vkSj os lHkh yksx eq> ij vkSj esjs ekrk&firk ij g¡lsaxsA eSa gkWLVy dh Nr ij p<+ x;k vkSj ogk¡ ls dwn tkus ds ckjs esa lkspus yxk ysfdu ,slk djus dk lkgl ugha tqVk ik;kA esjs nksLr us eq>s le>k;k vkSj çks- efyd ls feyus dh lykg nhA eSaus Hkh ,d vkSj dksf'k'k djus dk QSlyk fd;kA eSa vxys fnu MkW- efyd ls feyus muds pSEcj esa x;k ysfdu mUgksus eq>s ugha igpkukA eSaus mUgsa crk;k fd “eSa” ‘F;kSjh vkWQ esdSfuDl’ dk Nk= gw¡ vkSj eq>s l=kar ijh{kk esa iwjs cSp esa nwljk lcls de Ldksj feyk gSA eSaus muls iwNk fd “D;k eq>s ^F* xzsM feysxk vFkok eq>s ikl ?kksf"kr fd;k tk,xkA mUgksus cM+h 'kkyhurk ls dqN Hkh crkus ls badkj dj fn;kA eSa ;g tkuus ds fy;s vM+k gqvk FkkA eSaus mUgsa cgqr lkjh phtsa crk;haA eSaus crk;k fd esjs HkkbZ dh nks lIrkg esa 'kknh gksus okyh gS vkSj dSls esjs ekrk firk eq>ls dkQh mEehn djrs gSa vkSj ;g Hkh fd eSa ges'kk ,d vPNk fo|kFkhZ jgk gw¡A eSaus mUgsa opu Hkh fn;k fd vxys l= ls eSa dfBu ifjJe d:axkA ysfdu MkW- efyd eqLdjkrs jgs vkSj eq>ls iwNk] “paæ eksgu] rqe bl ijh{kk esa vlQy gksus ls bruk D;ksa Mj jgs gks\vxj ,d ^F* fey tk,xk rks dkSu lh eqlhcr vk tk,xh\”
14
lkfgR; ;k=k dforkeSa fopfyr FkkA eq>s yxk fd mUgksus eq>s Qsy dj fn;k gS vkSj 'kk;n blhfy, <k<+l ca/kk jgs gSa ftlls eSa vius vlQy xzsM dks Lohdkj djus esa [kqn dks l{ke dj ikÅ¡A eSaus mUgsa tksjnkj 'kCnksa crk;k fd eSa fdlh Hkh lwjr esa ̂ F* Lohdkj ugha dj ldrk vkSj ;fn ,slk gqvk rks mlh 'kke dks vius gkWLVy dh Nr ls dwndj tku ns nwaxkA eSa vk'p;Zpfdr Fkk fd os esjh bl /kedh ls rfud Hkh fopfyr ugha gq,A esjh vk¡[ksa Hkhxh gqbZ Fkha vkSj eq>s fo'okl ugha gks jgk Fkk fd vkRegR;k djus dh /kedh Hkh mUgsa fopfyr ugha dj ik jgh Fkh fd os eq>s ikl dj nsaA eq>ls os ckj ckj iwN jgs Fks fd “eSa D;ksa Qsy gksus ls bruk Mj jgk gw¡\ÞmUgksaus dgk fd “vkt ,slk yx jgk gS fd rqe bl dkslZ esa fdlh Hkh dher esa ikl gksuk pkgrs gksA ysfdu tjk esjs ckjs esa lkspksA eq>s yx jgk gS fd rqe ugha] eSa Qsy gqvk gw¡ D;ksafd eSa 'kk;n leqfpr rjhds ls rqedks f'kf{kr ugha dj ik;k ftldh otg ls vkt rqe bl ijh{kk esa vPNk ugha dj ik;sA ;fn ,slk gS fd rqeus Dykl dks fel fd;k rks Hkh ;s gekjh gh vlQyrk gS fd eSa bl fo"k; dks rqEgkjs yk;d jkspd ugha cuk ldkA pUæ eksgu] eSa cgqr yacs le; ls v/;kiu&dk;Z dj jgk gw¡ vkSj eq>s rc cgqr ihM+k gksrh gS tc fdlh fo|kFkhZ dks Qsy djuk iM+rk gSA ysfdu eSa rqEgsa crkuk pkgw¡xk fd fdlh fo|kFkhZ dks rc gh Qsy djrk gw¡ tc esjs ikl vkSj dksbZ fodYi ugha gksrk gSA eq>s cgqr cqjk yx jgk gS fd rqe blfy, cgqr ijs'kku gks D;ksafd rqedks ,d fo"k; esa ^F* xzsM feyusokyk gSA esjk fo'okl djks] vkt ls nl lky ckn rqedks [kqn ij 'keZ vk,xh tc lkspksxs fd vkt ds fnu rqe esjs lkeus jks jgs Fks vkSj ikl dj nsus dh Hkh[k ekax jgs FksA esjs cPps! thou cgqr yack gS ,d xzsM ds FkksM+k b/kj&m/kj gks tkus ls thou esa fujk'kk ugha iuiuh pkfg,A D;ksafd rqe ,d ijh{kk esa Qsy gks x, blfy, Nr ls dwnuk pkgrs gks ,slk dHkh er lkspukA vkSj ;g Hkh dHkh fpark er djks fd yksx D;k dgsaxs\ ;fn rqEgsa viuh varjkRek esa yxrk gS fd rqe ,d Hkys balku gks rks rqEgkjk thou ges'kk [kq'kgky jgsxkA fuf'apr gksdj ?kj tkvks HkkbZ dh 'kknh dk Hkjiwj vkuan yks vkSj xzsM dh fpark fcydqy er djksA rqEgsa ijh{kkQy dk irk py tk,xkA [kq'k jgks vkSj vc tkvksAÞ eSa iwjh rjg ls my>u esa Fkk; mUgksus tks Hkh dgk mldks ysdj eSa fdlh fu"d"kZ ij ugha igq¡p ik jgk FkkA bl okrkZyki ds ckn tks dqN esjh le> esa vk;k oks Fkk fd mUgkasus fuf'pr :i ls eq>s Qsy dj fn;k gS vkSj vc dsoy ,d vkn'kZoknh dh rjg ls eq>s dsoy lkaRouk ns jgs gSaA nwljs gh fnu eSaus Vªsu idM+h vkSj vius ?kj vk x;kA,d lIrkg ds ckn vkbZ vkbZ Vh dkuiqj ls esjs nksLr ih;w"k us Qksu ij crk;k fd “^F* xzsM ikusokyksa dh lwph pLik dj nh xbZ gS vkSj mlesa esjk uke ugha gSA” eSa ml fo"k; esa ^D* xzsM ds lkFk ikl gks x;k FkkA eSa cgqr gh [kq'k Fkk D;ksafd eSa 'kfeaZnxh >syus ls cp x;k FkkAeq>s vc Hkh e'khu dh F;kSjh ds ckjs esa rks dqN ;kn ugha gS ysfdu vkt yxHkx lk<+s vkB o"kZ chr tkus ds ckn Hkh çksQslj efyd ds dgs gq, os okD; esjs tsgu esa fcydqy thoar gSa vkSj eSa vkt ;g lkspdj [kq'k gksrk gw¡ fd eSaus Nr ls Nykax ugha yxk;hA
paæeksgu Bkdqj] iwoZ Nk=
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eSa e#Fky dh ekVh gw¡] rqe ufn;ksa dk uhj lgh]
eSa iM+k iM+k lk jgrk gw¡] rqe djrs fur lSj ubZ]
eSa catj Hkwfe dk ukphtk VqdM+k gw¡] rqe thou ds lzksr lgh]
eSa tqnk&tqnk lk jgrk gw¡ rqe yksxksa ds chp lghA
ysfdu fur lSj&likVs djus okys]
fur thou ds ets mBkus okys]
bd fnu rq>dks Hkh lkxj esa tkdj uedhuh cu tkuk gS]
bd fnu rq>dks Hkh lkxj esa tkdj lkxj dk dSnh cu tkuk gS]
esjk D;k \
eSa rks ,d lehjh >ksds ls] yEch ugha rks NksVh nkSM+ yxk yw¡xk]
eSa rks ,d lehjh >ksds ls] [kqn dks nqfu;k ds nhnkj djk yw¡xkA
ij tc rw lkxj esa can vdsyk gks,xk]
tc rw lkxj esa can vdsyk jks,xk]
rc rw e#Fky dk nq[k le>sxk]
rc rw e#Fky dk lq[k le>sxkA
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15
lkfgR; ;k=k y?kq dFkk
og chl cjl igys dh ,d [kwclwjr lh 'kke jgh gksxhA ml NksVs ls LVs'ku ij vpkud gypy lh gqbZ Fkh vkSj dqN yksx jsy dh iVjh ds ikl tkdj] nwj dqN fugkjus ls yxs Fks] ek¡ dh xksn ls ,d cPpk mpd&mpd dj ml fn'kk esa dqN ns[kus dk ç;kl dj jgk FkkAmlus nwj vkleku ij fNVds flanwjh cknyksa ds ikl dkys jax ds /kq,a dk xqckj ns[kk FkkA mlus yksxksa dh vkoktsa lquh! vk jgh gS! vk jgh gS! ßog ek¡ dk vk¡py viuh uUgha eqëh esa tksj ls idM+ ysrk gSA lhVh dh vkokt fujarj ikl vkrh tk jgh Fkh vkSj ,dk,d mlds lkeus ,d Hkhedk; xksy eq¡g okyk vkSj dkys /kq,a mxyrk jsy dk batu rsth ls iVfj;ksa ij Hkkxrk gqvk mlds lkeus ls xqtjk vkSj ,d tksjnkj “fQLLLLl” tSlh vkokt gqbZA og pkSad x;k Fkk] 'kk;n mls Mj Hkh yxk FkkA rsth ls batu ds ihNs ,d drkj esa yxh dqN xgjs yky jax dh cksfx;k¡ mlds lkeus vk [kM+h gqbZAyksx rsth ls mlesa p<+us yxs vkSj og Mj ds ekjs fpYykus yxkA mlus jksuk Hkh 'kq: dj fn;k FkkA ijUrq ek¡ us ml ij /;ku ugha fn;kA mls cksxh dh lhf<+;ksa ij p<+us vkSj fdlh lhV ij cSBus dh T;knk fpark FkhA mlus dbZ yksxksa dk lewg ns[kk ftUgsa fdlh Hkh çdkj dk Hk; ugha Fkk vkSj u gh fdlh çdkj dh fpark] os lHkh ,d nwljs ls /kDdk eqDdh djrs gq, cSB x;s--vkeus vkSj lkeusA dqN f[kM+fd;ksa ds ckgj fugkjus yxs FksAog [kqn gh flldrs gq, pqi gks x;kA mls yxk fd vc og lqje;h lhVh mlh ds lkFk Hkkxh tk jgh gSA og jsy ds batu dks ns[kuk pkgrk FkkA mls bu cksfx;ksa esa dksbZ fnypLih ugha FkhAxks/kwfy dh csyk esa vkdk'k fQj lqugjk lk gks x;k FkkA ckx ds lehi dqN cPps ,d nwljs dh dej idM+dj jsy&jsy [ksy jgs FksA og eqLdqjk fn;k FkkA mls jsy ds batu dh ;kn gks vkbZ Fkh vkSj mlds ihNs J`a[kykc) yxs fMCcksa dh HkhA mlus Hkh jsy okyk [ksy [ksyuk pkgk Fkk ysfdu batu cus ,d yM+ds us mls f>M+d fn;kA rHkh ,d yM+dh us mldk gkFk Fkkek vkSj dgk&vkvks] esjh dej idM+dj rqe xkMZ dk fMCck cu tkvksAcPpk mnkl gks x;kA og rks jsy dk batu cuuk pkgrk Fkk ysfdu yM+dh us mldk gkFk idM+dj viuh dej ij j[k fy;k vkSj jsy ds lkFk py iM+h FkhAjsy Hkkxrh tk jgh Fkh-- ckxhps ds isM+ ls fyiVh yrkvksa ds chp ls gksrs gq,] dsys ds isM+ksa dh >qjeqV ls gksrs gq,--vkSj og ihNs&ihNs f?klVrk vkSj Hkkxrk tk jgk FkkA vpkud cPpksa dh jsy :d x;hA nks isM+ksa ds chp ls jsy xqtj jgh Fkh ysfdu vkxs ,d xgjk xM~<k FkkA batu cus yM+ds us tksj ls vkokt nh&;g jsyxkM+h vkxs ugha tk ldrh--xM~<k gS\ D;k d:¡\yM+dh us ?kwedj ihNs cPps dh rjQ ns[kk] ekuks mls trkuk pkg jgh gks fd rqe xkMZ ds fMCcs gks] jsy ds batu dks tckc nks] ysfdu dqN lkspdj mlus batu cus yM+ds dks vkokt nhAlkjs fMCcs dks tqM+s jgus nks] yxrk gS ge bykgkckn taD'ku ij vk x;s gSaA batu cnyuk iM+sxkAbatu cus&yM+ds us tksj ls fpYykdj iwNk&oks dSls\&vjs cq)w tc vkxs jkLrk ugha gksrk rks batu ogk¡ ls [kqydj ;gk¡ vkxs yx tkrk gSA&rks D;k eSa ogk¡ vkxs vk tkÅ¡\ yM+ds us rst Loj esa çfrç'u fd;kAyM+dh us dqN iy ml cPps dks ns[kk vkSj rsth ls dgk&ughas] rqe ogha jgks] cl mYVk ?kwe tkvksAlkjs cPps mYVh fn'kk esa ?kwe x;s vkSj yM+dh us cPps dh dej ij gkFk j[kdj gkSys ls dku esa dgk&vc rqe jsy ds batu cu x;s gksA pyks---! tgk¡ Hkh rqe ys tkuk pkgksA cPps us viuh dej esa ,d xqnxqnh lh eglwl dhA og f[kyf[kyk mBk Fkk vkSj eq¡g ls cksydj lhVh tSlh vkokt fudkyh Fkh mlus-- vkSj mldh jsy py iM+h Fkh--- Nqd&Nqd djrs gq,--- >qjeqVksa dks ikj djrs gq,--- ykfyek fy, f{kfrt dh rjQ--- vkSj ihNs /kq,a dk xqckj mM+ iM+k FkkA
jsy dk batu
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16
laxhr vfHkO;fä ds lokZf/kd çHkkoh ek/;eksa esa vR;ar egRoiw.kZ LFkku j[krk gS laxhr ds v/;;u ls ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd bldk fodkl ekuo lH;rk ds fodkl ds lkFk–lkFk gqvk çkphu le; esa tc Hkk"kk ,oa fyfi dk Kku ekuo
dks ugha Fkk, rc og vius fofHkUu Hkkoksa dks vyx&vyx çdkj dh vkokt fudkydj ,oa viuh vkafxd eqækvksa ds çn'kZu ls vfHkO;ä djrk Fkk ml ;qx esa mls vius g"kZ] 'kksd] mRlkg] nq%[k vkfn Hkkoksa dks fof'k"V çdkj dh /ofu;ksa ds ek/;e ls çdV djuk gksrk Fkk ;g ,d çdkj ls laxhr dh
i`"BHkwfe Fkh tgk¡ ls laxhr dk ekuo-thou esa ços'k gqvk blds ckn 'kuS%&'kuS% laxhr dk fodkl gksrk x;k vkSj ,d dyk ds :i esa blus loksZifj LFkku cuk;k ifjorZu'khy lalkj ds fu;eksa dks ekurs gq, laxhr çn'kZu esa Hkh dbZ cnyko gq, vkt laxhr de le; esa iw.kZ Hkko lEçs"k.k dk l'kä ek/;e cu x;k gS
,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd laxhr vkSj ;ksx dh f'k{kk cPpksa dks çkFkfed Lrj ls gh leqfpr :i ls nh tkuh pkfg, gekjs jk"Vªfirk egkRek xk¡/khth us ;g fopkj cgqr igys gh çdV fd;k Fkk ijUrq] vkt ge yksx ,d 'kkSd ds rkSj ij gh bldks lh[krs gSaA fo|ky;ksa esa Hkh ;g ugha crk;k tkrk fd laxhr dk egRo dsoy 15 vxLr vkSj 26 tuojh ds dk;ZØeksa rd lhfer ugha gS vfirq bldk thou ds vuq'kklu ,oa jpukRedrk esa Hkh egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gksrk gS
laxhr ds }kjk euq"; dh ç—fr-çnÙk 'kfä;ksa tSls dYiuk] ,dkxzrk rFkk Le`fr dk fodkl ljyrk ds lkFk fd;k tk ldrk gS
laxhr dh f'k{kk lHkh cPpksa dks çkFkfed Lrj ls nsuh pkfg, ysfdu bl ckr dk Hkh /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd lHkh cPpksa dks tcjnLrh eap ij çn'kZu ds fy, u dgk tk, dqN cPps laxhr dh vPNh tkudkjh gkfly djds ,d
vPNs Jksrk Hkh cu ldrs gSa ,oa dqN cPps vyx çdkj ds ok|-oknu] tks ml
le; fo|ky; esa u jgk gks esa Hkh vkxs c<+ ldrs gSaΙ laxhr dh leqfpr tkudkjh gksus dk eryc ;g ugha gksrk fd og laxhr dk vPNk dykdkj Hkh gks; ijUrq tgk¡ laxhr dh le> euq"; ds lkspus ds rjhds dks vPNk cukrh gS ogha laxhr yksxksa ds çfr lân; gksus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk Hkh fuHkkrh gS v/;;u ds ckn tc cPps laxhr esa dqN le; nsrs gSa rks muds fnekx dh FkdkoV nwj gks tkrh gS vkSj os rjksrktk gks dj fQj ls mruh gh yxu ds lkFk v/;;u djus esa l{ke gks ikrs gSa
,sls cM+s&cM+s fo}ku gq, gSa ftUgksaus laxhr ds {ks= esa rks dksbZ uke ugha fd;k ijUrq laxhr dh tkudkjh ,oa le> us muds eu efLr"d ij ,slk çHkko Mkyk fd os vius&vius {ks= esa ,d felky dk;e dj ik, tSls&Lokeh foosdkuan /k~qin xk;u ,oa i[kkot oknu ds vPNs Kkrk Fks] vYcVZ vkbULVhu ,d vPNs ok;fyu oknd Fks] Hkkjr ds iwoZ jk"Vªifr MkW-,-ih-ts-vCnqy dyke ,d vPNs oh.kk oknd gSa bu egku foHkwfr;ksa us laxhr dk mi;ksx efLr"d dh ÅtkZ c<+kus esa fd;k
çkFkfed Lrj ij cPpksa dks laxhr&f'k{kk nsus esa cgqr gh lko/kkuh cjruh pkfg, cPpksa dks fl[kk, tkus okys xhr dk lkfgR; muds Lrj dk gksuk pkfg, ,oa dsoy dk;ZØeksa dks gh /;ku esa j[k dj xhr u fl[kk, tk,a vfirq NksVh&NksVh dforkvksa dks Lojfyfic) dj mudks fl[kk;k tk, rkfd os
AA
A
A
A
AA
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AA
A
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k
laxhr f'k{kk ,oa bldk egRo
#fpdj gkas dgk Hkh tkrk gS, tks #psxk ogh ipsxk ckY;dky esa #fp /khjs&
/khjs c<+rh Hkh gS vkSj ifjorZu'khy Hkh gksrh gSΙ dqN cPpksa dks çkjaHk esa laxhr
ds çfr #fp ugha gksrh ijUrq mfpr lkaxhfrd ekgkSy nsus ls ,oa lgh fn'kk funsZ'k ls ogh cPpk /khjs&/khjs #fp ysus yxrk gS] ysfdu blds fy, /kS;Z dh vko';drk gksrh gS
lkaxhfrd #fp vkus ds ckn cPps dh çfrHkk ,oa {kerk dks ns[krs gq, f'k{kd ,oa cPps ds ekrk&firk dks vkil esa ckrphr dj mlds lkaxhfrd fo"k; dk pquko djuk pkfg, dksbZ cPpk xk;u esa vf/kd {kerk j[krk gS rks dksbZ fdlh fo'ks"k ok| esa viuk dyk&dkS'ky fn[kk ldrk gS ekrk firk dks fcuk {kerk dk vkdyu djs gh cPps ij laxhr lh[kus dk ncko ugha cukuk pkfg,
dqN cPps 'kq: esa laxhr ds çfr v#fp fn[kkrs gSa ysfdu dqN o"kksaZ ds ckn mues vpkud ls laxhr ds çfr #fp c<+us yxrh gS blfy, vPNk laxhr lnSo cPpksa dks le;≤ ij lquokrs jguk pkfg, rkfd ,slk u gks fd tc rd
lgh le; vk,] rc rd nsj gks pqdh gks vf/kdka'kr: ,slk ns[kus dks feyrk gS fd yksxksa dh laxhr ds çfr #fp rks cgqr gksrh gS ij oks laxhr esa dqN dj ugha ikrs D;ksafd mudks mfpr ekgkSy ,oa lgh ekxZn'kZu ugha çkIr gks ikrk
fd'kksjkoLFkk esa cPpksa dks vH;kl ds egRo ds ckjs esa leqfpr :i ls le>kuk pkfg, D;ksafd ;gh voLFkk dyk ds fu[kkj dh i`"BHkwfe gksrh gS ;g loZfofnr gS fd Loj lkezkKh yrk eaxs'kdj th us viuk igyk xkuk 13 o"kZ dh vk;q esa lu 1942 esa fjdkWMZ djok;k Fkk blh rjg vusd laxhrKksa us blh voLFkk esa lrr~ vH;kl djds vius dyk&dkS'ky dk ifjp; fn;k gS laxhr gh D;k] vU; {ks=ksa esa Hkh 13 o"kZ ls 19 o"kZ dh mez ds chp vPNh yxu ,oa vH;kl ls fuf'pr lQyrk feyrh gS] ,slk egku yksxksa ds thou ifjp; ls Kkr gksrk
gSΙ ;qokoLFkk esa ;qokvksa dks ;g le>uk pkfg, fd laxhr esa Øs'k&dkslZ uke dh pht+ ugha gksrh] dsoy leqfpr vH;kl ,oa mfpr ekxZn'kZu gh blesa lQyrk ds }kj [kksy ldrs gSa vxj dksbZ ;g dgs fd og 2 eghus esa veqd ok| ctkuk fl[kk nsxk rks ml varjky esa tks rhu pkj xhr mlus fl[kk, gksaxs fo|kFkhZ dsoy mUgh xhrksa dks FkksM+k& FkksM+k ctk ik,xk] mlds vkxs ,d Hkh
ughaΙ blfy, laxhr cM+s /kS;Z vkSj yxu ds lkFk lh[kus&fl[kkus okyh fo|k gS
fopkj djus ij ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd laxhr ,d lk/kuk gS] ,d vkjk/kuk gS] ukn czã dh mikluk gS rFkk mfpr ekxZn'kZu ,oa lrr~ vH;kl ds vfrfjä bldk dksbZ nwljk fodYi ugha gS
A A
A
AA
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A
A
A
AA
A
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A
nsokuan ikBdlkeqnkf;d jsfM;ks dsUnz
18
lkfgR; ;k=k dfork,a
dfork ds eafnj rd vkdj] ckgj gh #d tkrk gw¡Alp dks fy[kuk dfBu cgqr gS] >wB ugha fy[k ikrk gw¡Athou dh u'ojrk dks eSa]'kk'or Loj dSls dgrk?nks fnu tgk¡ Bgjuk] mldksviuk ?kj dSls dgrk?
Hkkoksa ds fucZU/k xxu dks]'kCn lhi esa D;k Hkjrk?eu ds fnO; çse dk xk;u]djrk rks dSls djrk?
og vxs; jg tkrk ihNs] eSa fdruk Hkh xkrk gw¡Alp dks fy[kuk dfBu cgqr gS] >wB ugha fy[k ikrk gw¡A
panu ekyk ij D;k fy[kuk] nsoky; tc lwuk gksAHkhrj ân; vNwrk] Åij]Åij ru dks Nwuk gksA
e`.e; dk;k ls fpUe; dk]laHko gS dSls vpZu?
tks v:i dk :i fn[kk ns],slk Hkh D;k gS niZ.k?
vxf.kr ç'u mBk djrs gSa eSa fdrus Hkh lqy>krk gw¡Alp dks fy[kuk dfBu cgqr gS] >wB ugha fy[k ikrk gw¡A
lkxj eaFku ls vkrk gS]ve`r lax xjy Hkh rksA,d lkFk gh thou gS ;ksa]eqf'dy vkSj ljy Hkh rksAojsa ,d dks rtsa ,d dks][kafMr thou –f"V lnkAugha txr esa dHkh fdlh ij] gksrh lq[k dh o`f"V lnkA
lkFk va/ksjk Hkh jgrk gS] fdrus nhi tykrk gw¡Alp dks fy[kuk dfBu cgqr gS] >wB ugha fy[k ikrk gw¡A
jfo ik.Ms'kks/k Nk=
,s eu esjs,s eu esjs rw D;w¡ bruk v/khj] bruk papy gS]
?kM+h dh lqb;ksa ls Hkh fujarj] gokvksa ls Hkh rst] fctyh
ls Hkh piy!
fcu yxke ds ?kksM+s lk Hkkxrk tkrk gS rw] D;w¡ ugha
lqurk dguk esjk]
Mj gS eq>s j¶rkj ls rsjh] dgha Bksdj u yxs rq>s vkSj
rw fc[kj uk tk,¡ dgha!
esjs eklwe liuksa dh Mksj uk NwVs rq>ls]
ftanxh esjh dgha uk :Bs eq>ls]
rw gh rks gS ftlus Hkjkslk fn;k eq>s gj dne ij]
gkSlyk feyk gS eq>s rq>h ls
gj ukd+ke lh yxus okyh dksf'k'k rwus gh rks lp dh
gS!
ij vc cl] vc laHky tk rw] :d tk dgha]
Bgj dgha] ,d 'kkar xgjs leqUnj dh xgjkb;ksa esa [kks
tk dgha]
,s eu esjs iy nks iy lks tk dgha!
lhek ;kno
dfu"B lgk;d
laca/kksa dk Hkkj laHkkys cSBs gSa
fn[kus esa tks I;kj laHkkys cSBs gSa]vanj ls vaxkj lEgkys cSBs gSaA
lp rks ;s gS] lp ls gS badkj gesa]ge >wBk O;kikj lEgkys cSBs gSaA
NksVs&NksVs lq[k ds [kkfrj ge]nq[kksa dk vackj lEgkys cSBs gSaA
,d [kcj vkbZ Fkh dy [kq'kgkyh dh]vc rd rks v[kckj lEgkys cSBs gSaA
csVksa us tk;nkn yqVk nh ysfdu]iqj[kksa dh ryokj lEgkys cSBs gSaA
vc ehBk ,glkl dgk¡ gS fj'rksa esa]laca/kksa dk Hkkj lEgkys cSBs gSaA
jatuk lquhy JhokLro
>wB ugha fy[k ikrk gw¡A
dfu"B lgk;d] ifj;kstuk
19
lkfgR; ;k=k dfork ,oa ys[k
pankekek nwj ds---
eSa ?kj ds vk¡xu esa >wyrk nq/keq¡gs yYyk dk ikyuk gw¡A vdsysiu ls mdrk;k rks eu gqvk fd dqN ckrsa d:¡A exj fdlls\ yYyk lks x;k gSA vk;k Vh oh ns[k jgh gSA eSMe C;wVhikyZj xbZ gSaA lkgc t:jh ehfVax esa x,A ekrkth iM+kslu dh cgw dk fdLlk lquus xbZ gSaA ckcwth gkse;ksiSFkh dh nok ysus x;s gSaAeSa rks eu dks le>k ysrk gw¡A tkurk gw¡] fdlh ds ikl oä ugha gSA exj cspkjk yYyk D;k tkus\ tc rd ?kj esa pgy&igy jgrh gS] mldh Hkh fdydkfj;k¡ xw¡trh gS] tc dksbZ fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk rc oks Hkh gkFk&ik¡o iVdus yxrk gSA vk;k nksigj ds lhfj;y D;ksa NksM+s\ fMLVcZ gksrh gS rks f[kfl;krh gSA b/kj yYyk us #vk¡lk eq¡g cuk;k ugha fd mlus nw/k dh ckWVy eq¡g esa Bw¡l nhA[kSj] eSa rks pyks lfB;k x;k gw¡A vkt ds nkSj dks D;k le>w¡] D;k tkuw¡\ >qfjZ;ksa us psgjs dks <+d fn;k gSA utj detksj gks xbZ gS] lqukbZ Hkh de nsrk gSA exj ,d oä Fkk tc esjh Hkh lwjr ekrk th dh ubZ /kksrh ls feyrh FkhA xk¡o dk ?kj cM+k lk vk¡xu vkSj vk¡xu esa vEcqvk dk ?kuk lk isM+ FkkA eSa ,d Mkyh esa yVd tkrk Fkk vkSj lkgc esjh xksn esa vaxwBk pwlk djrs FksA lk¡>–lcsjs jksVh pwYgs ij fladrh FkhA daMs dk /kqvk¡] Qqduh&fpeVk] pkSdk&cklu ds chp Hkh ekrkth Mkyh ls ca/kk ikyuk Mqyk tkrh FkhaA ckcwth Hkh dgha ls ykSV ds vk,a] gkFk eq¡g ckn esa /kksrs Fks] ikyus esa iqpdkj igys yxkrs FksA nw/k dh cksry rks 'kgj esa vkdj ns[kh gS geus] ikmMj&nw/k Hkh ;gh¡ vkdj tkukA gekjs tekus esa rks lc ns'kh fglkc FkkA cPps dks vk¡py esa fNik;k tjk nsj Fkidh nh vkSj tSls ve`r/kkj us r`Ir dj fn;k gks] cPpk pSu dh uhan lks tkrk FkkA vktdy xqipqi ckrsa Hkh esjs gh bnZ&fxnZ gksrh gSa rks lqu ysrk gw¡A dgrs gSa cPps dks viuk nw/k fiykvks rks fQxj fcxM+rk gSA T;knk rks ugha le>rk gw¡ ysfdu fQxj dk eryc lqUnjrk gS bruk rks 'kgj esa vkdj tkuus yxk gw¡A ;w¡ rks eSMe Hkys gh cqjk eku tk,a ij eq>s ekrkth vkt Hkh lqanj yxrh gSaAcpiu esa lkgc dks xksn esa f[kykrs ckcwth dks ns[krs gh curk FkkA bruh rjg ds psgjs vkSj bruh vkoktsa fudkyrs Fks os fd dHkh&dHkh ekrkth dg mBrh Fkha fd cPps dks f[kyk jgs gks fd Mjk jgs gks] vkSj fQj cki vkSj csVs nksuksa dh utj mrkjuh iM+rh FkhAdHkh&dHkh lksprk gw¡ bruh e'khuas rks nqfu;k esa cu xbZa ,d ,slh e'khu vkSj cu tkrh ftlesa cPps dks j[k fn;k tkrk vkSj cVu pkyw djrs gh eerk] I;kj] nqykj] Fkidh] yksjh lc cPpks dks feyus yxrkA fQj eSMe C;wVhikyZj ls pkgs tc ykSVrha] lkgc ehfVax dk eaMi m[kkM+dj gh vkrs] ekrkth Hkh iM+ksl dh lkl&cgw dk >xM+k lqy>k ysrha vkSj rc vkrha vkSj ckcwth cspkjs nok ysdj lRlax djus pys tkrsA'kk;n fQj eSa Hkh bruh ?kqVu u eglwl djrkA ,d oä Fkk tc dHkh eLr gok esa Mkyh ls yVd dj >wyrk jgrk Fkk ,d oä vc ;s gS fd 'kgj vk;k rks laxejej dh nhokjksa esa dSn gksdj jg x;kA nksuksa gkFk yksgs dh tathjksa ls ck¡/kdj eq>s yVdk fn;k x;kA Hkwys HkVds dksbZ gok dk >ksadk vk x;k rks gyd ls pha&pwa dh efj;y lh vkokt+ fudy tkrh gSA vcks/k yYyk le>rk gS fd eSa yksjh xk jgk gw¡ pankekek nwj ds iq, idk,a cwj ds---
iSjk'kwVdqN lkS ehVj dh Å¡pkbZ ls
uhps ns[kk rks
daØhV ds taxy Fks
Hkwjs&Hkwjs ls;
eVeSys LysVh ls;
gfj;kyh! nqcdh cSBh Fkh
,d dksus esa;
MkaV iM+h gks dldj ekukas
;k dksbZ <w¡< jgk gks dkfry!
ftldh 'kkfrj ut+jksa ls cprh
cSBh gS NqidjA
eSa ySaM gqvk;
tkdj ns[kk;
D;k gkyr Fkh gfj;kyh dh!
ij oks uk ekStwn!
Åij ls rks fn[krh Fkh!
Nwih&Nqih lh Fkh ysfdu!
fn[kuh rks pkfg, FkhA dgk¡ xbZ\
D;k bruk tYnh dadjhV esa cny x;h\
dqN lkS ehVj nwj dh gdhdr
ut+nhd ls xk;c !
irk pyk fd &
& 'kgj gekjk
Dyhu flVh gS] xzhu flVh gS
vc nwj ls gh
IykfLVd dh flaFksfVd gfj;kyh ls
dpjs dh cncw vkrh Fkh A
&fu'kkar flagNk=
vkseçdk'k 'kekZlkeqnkf;d jsfM;ks dsUæ
20
[kx o`an djsa Nan] iou gS ean eanvkt esjh okfVdk rjax esa ugkbZ gS iq"i lax >we jgh] fy, eu edjan Hkzej dk ukn lqu dyh eqldkbZ gS eu dh meax ns[k] ijo'k rjax ns[k
vkt esjh dfork çFke ytkbZ gSA
Vslqvksa esa iM+s jax] u;h jf'e;ksa ds laxlIrjax Qkxqu us yh vaxMkbZ gS
dks;y gS dwd jgh] i=&i= mUeÙkcM+] vke] uhe] 'kk[k&'kk[k ckSjkbZ gS
p<+k T;ksa gh ';ke jax] jkf/kdk ds vax&vax';kek cu calh ds lax bBykbZ gSA
jk/kk ns[ks pagq vksj] dkSu gS ;s fpr&pksjdkUgk us çFke vkt calh ctk;h gS
mj dks VVksy jgh] e/k&qjl ?kksy jghçse dh ;s dSlh vkt vxu yxkbZ gSlwj&jl[kku Hkys i`Fkd gSa iaFk buds
fdUrq nksuksa dh calh us çse&/kqu gh xkbZ gS
çse&gkj] jl&jax] dksey Li'kZ lax vkt dksbZ :ilh eu esa lekbZ gS
g`n; gqvk fogax] vax&vax p<+h Hkaxepy&epy mBh dSlh r#.kkbZ gS
jax] :i ;kSou gSa fNis vax&vax tSlsvkt esjh dfork J`axkj dj vk;h gSA
lkseukFk Muk;ddfu"B rduhdh v/kh{kd
“;ke jax
mEehnksa ds vkbus esa dqN vyx fudykgj fny vt+ht+ ‘k[l eqlkfQ+j fudyk
xyr mEehn Fkh vc lkFk ugha NwVsaxsle> jgs Fks ftls ?kj og dkjoka fudyk
pys Fks fdl ed+ke dks igq¡p x, gSa dgk¡lQ+j le>s Fks ij ed+ke Hkh ogh fudyk
fdldks muoku dgsa dgk¡ 'kq: uT+e djsaelyk ,d] lokyksa dk flyflyk fudyk
eqM+dj ns[kh tks ftUnxh viuh geusmlh ds Hks”k esa lkjk ;g jkLrk fudyk
v#.k JhokLroiwoZ Nk=
eSus dbZ nQk I;kj djus dh dksf'k'k dh
dbZ yksxksa ls
dbZ rjg ls
dHkh [kqyh fdrkc dh rjg
csinZ] csckd vkSj fcuk fdlh ykx yisV ds
dHkh can eqëh dh rjg
iwjh rkdr vkSj xekZgV ds lkFk
dHkh cktkj dh rjg
migkjksa vkSj voljksa ls ycjst+
ij
dHkh rqEgkjh mEehnksa vkSj 'krkZsa ij [kjk ugha mrj ik;k
Hkwy x;k Fkk eSa fd [kqyh fdrkc] can eqëh vkSj cktkj dHkh mEehnksa
vkSj 'krksZa ij ugha thrs
bl ckj ekQ djuk fç;s
vxyh ckj dksbZ vkSj rjhdk <w<w¡xk rqEgsa csbargk¡ I;kj djus ds
fy,!!!
fodkl nwcs] 'kks/k Nk=
lkaRouk : lsesLVj lekfIr ij
lkjk jkLrk
lkfgR; ;k=k dfork,a 21
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k
eSaus yxHkx pkyhl o"kZ iwoZ Hkkjr NksM+k FkkA ;|fi eSa gj rhu&pkj o"kZ ds ckn Hkkjr vkrk jgk gw¡] ysfdu cgqr FkksM+h vof/k 5&6 lIrkg ds fy,A ;g igyk volj gS tc eSaus yxkrkj ,d o"kZ Hkkjr ¼vkbZvkbZVh½ esa fcrk;kA eSa Hkkjr ds fo"k; esa i<+rk jgk gw¡ vkSj lqurk jgk gw¡] ysfdu yxkrkj ,d o"kZ jgus ds ckn ,d fo'ks"k vuqHko gqvk gSA oSls rks vkbZvkbZVh dSEil ds vUnj jgus ij Bhd ls vkHkkl ugha gksrk fd eSa Hkkjr esa gw¡] fQj Hkh esjk ç;kl jgk gS fd eSa dqN
xzkeh.k {ks=ksa vkSj uxjksa dk Hkze.k dj iqu: vuqHko dj ldw¡ fd Hkkjr fdruk cny x;k gS\ fdruh çxfr gks x;h gS\ yksx fdrus cny x;s gSa\yksxksa ds jgus vkSj lkspus ds <+ax fdrus cny x;s gSa\
eSa bl fuca/k esa çxfr ds pkj igyqvksa ij çdk'k Mkyuk pkgw¡xk] HkkSfrd&vkfFkZd] /kkfeZd] vk/;kfRed] f'k{kk vkSj LokLF;A eSa çkjaHk esa gh dg nsuk pkgrk gw¡ fd ;g fucU/k oSKkfud rF;ksa ds Åij vk/kkfjr ugha gS] ;g dqN lkekU; mik[;kuksa vkSj NksVh&NksVh ?kVukvksa ls mith /kkj.kkvksa ds Åij vk/kkfjr gSA blfy, ;fn bl fuca/k dks ,d dgkuh le>dj i<+k tk;s] rks vf/kd mi;qä gksxkA
fiNys yxHkx chl o"kksaZ esa vkfFkZd vkSj HkkSfrd Lrj ij Hkkjr cgqr vkxs c<+k gSA cM+h&cM+h bekjrsa] cM+s&cM+s 'kkWfiax ekWYl] ¶ykbZvksoj] pkSjkgksa ij cM+h&cM+h ewfrZ;k¡ vkSj cM+s&cM+s yksxksa ds cM+s&cM+s iksLVjA fdlh tekus esa flusek LVklZ ds iksLVlZ fn[kkbZ nsrs Fks] vkt jktusrkvksa vkSj lekt lsodksa ds iksLVlZ fn[kkbZ nsrs gSA dksbZ ea=h u, o"kZ dh 'kqHkdkeuk,a ns jgk gS] fdlh jktusrk dh ipkloha ;k lkBoha o"kZxkaB ij c/kkbZ;k¡ nh tk jgh gaS] dksbZ turk dks nhikoyh ;k bZn dh 'kqHkdkeuk;sa ns jgk gS] rks fdlh dks ea=h in ;k v/;{k in feyus ij c/kkb;k¡ nh tk jgh gSaA pkSjkgksa ij LFkkfir HkO; ewfrZ;k¡ Hkh vkd"kZ.k dk dsUæ cu x;h gSaA fdlh tekus esa e`rd jktusrkvksa vkSj lekt lsodksa dh ewfrZ;k¡ fn[kkbZ nsrh Fkha] vkt thfor yksxksa dh Hkh ewfrZ;k¡ fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA
lM+dsa dkjksa vkSj eksVj lkbfdyksa ls Hkjh iM+h gSaA lkbfdy fjD'kk rks dgha&dgha fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa] dksydkrk tSls egkuxj esa gkFk ls [khaps tkus okys fjD'ks vkt Hkh fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa] ysfdu rkaxs&bDds rks yxHkx xk;c gh gks x;s gSaA pkjks rjQ gksaMk] Vks;ksVk] gqaMbZ] QksMZ vkSj 'ksojysV dkjsa fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA ,d NksVh lh cLrh esa x;k] ftlls eSa vPNh rjg ls ifjfpr gw¡] rks ogk¡ cgqr le`f) fn[kkbZ nhA
bruh dkjsa gks xbZ gSa fd lM+dksa dk cqjk gky gSA lM+dsa VwVh&QwVh gSa] xM~<s gSaA dqN lM+dsa rks bruh ladjh gSa fd dkjksa dk tke yx tkrk gS vkSj VªSfQd ?kaVksa rd ,d txg ij Fke lk tkrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd yksx viuh dkjksa ls mrjdj xkyh xykSt djrs gq, fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA ,d tkus igpkus 'kgj esa eSaus ns[kk fd iwjh lM+d dbZ fdyksehVj rd [kksn nh x;h gS] pkj o"kZ iwoZ tc eSa Hkkjr vk;k Fkk rc Hkh og lM+d mlh gkyr esa FkhA ;fn cjlkr gks xbZ rks ml lM+d ij pyuk nwHkj gks tk;sxkA dkjsa rks dbZ o"kksaZ ls ml ij ugha pyh gksaxh vkSj fQj VªSfQd bruk c<+ x;k gS fd cspkjh lM+dksa dk D;k nks"k\ dgha&dgha rks VªSfQd dh vf/kdrk ls uo&fufeZr iqy Hkh mudk Hkkj ugha laHkky ikrsA
vf/kdrj yksxksa ds ikl dkjsa ;k eksVj lkbfdy gSaA ckr&ckr esa irk yxk fd yxHkx vLlh çfr'kr dkjsa ;k eksVjlkbfdy yksxksa dks ngst esa feyh gqbZ gSaA
Hkkjr vk;k gw¡] çfrfnu dksbZ u dksbZ 'kkVZ dV jkLrs dk lekpkj lqukbZ nsrk gSA dksbZ dksyxsV ls] dksbZ jsyxsV ls] dksbZ dkeuosYFk xsV ls] dksbZ gsYFk xsV ls vkSj dksbZ Vw&th xsV ls ços'k dj jgk gS viuh eafty djksM+ifr cuus dh vksjA
vkfFkZd fodkl] vk/kqfudhdj.k vkSj if'pehdj.k dk çHkko thou ds gj vax esa >ydrk gSA eSdMksuYM] ihtk&gV] VkWeh fgyfQxj] iksyks] vaxzsth 'kjkc vkSj BaM+h ch;j dh nqdkus fn[kkbZ nsus yxh gSaA lekt dk ,d fgLlk cgqr gh le`f)'kkyh vkSj vk/kqfud gks x;k gSA ftu ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa dks ipkl o"kZ iwoZ ,d gtkj #i;s çfrekg osru feyrs Fks] mUgha inksa ij dke djus okys yksxksa dks vkt ipkl gtkj #i;s fey jgs gSa&ipkl xquk o`f)A fdUgh&fdUgh inksa ij lkS xqus dh c<+ksÙkjh gqbZ gSA NksVs inksa ij dke djus okyksa dh vkfFkZd gkyr esa Hkh lq/kkj vk;k gSA ipkl o"kZ iwoZ ,d pkSdhnkj lkS #i, çfrekg ikrk Fkk] vkt ,d pkSdhnkj dks ik¡p gtkj #i;s çfrekg feyrs gSaA eSa ,d crZu lkQ djus okyh efgyk ls ckr dj jgk FkkA og pkj ?kjksa esa lqcg 'kke dke djrh gS] ?kj dh lQkbZ Hkh djrh gSA mls çfr ifjokj ls rhu&pkj lkS #i, çfrekg feyrs gSa] dHkh dnkfpr mlds cPpksa ds fy, iqjkus diM+s fey tkrs gSa] dqN [kkus&ihus dks Hkh fey tkrk gSA pkj o"kZ iwoZ Hkh mls bruk gh feyrk FkkA esjs ,d fe= dg jgs Fks fd bruk nsus ij Hkh ukSdj ugha feyrs] ukSdjksa dh vknrsa fcxM+ xbZ gSaA esjs ,d vU; fe= gSa ftudh ekfld vk; yxHkx ,d yk[k #i, gSA mUgsa viuh dkj pykus ds fy, Mªkboj dh ryk'k gS rhu gtkj #i, çfrekg osru nsuk pkgrs gSa] ysfdu dksbZ feyrk gh ugha] yxrk gS fd de osru ij dke djus okys yksxksa dh deh gks x;h gSA
HkkSfrd fodkl dk ,d fo'ks"k y{k.k ;g Hkh gS fd vf/kdrj yksx vius dks le`) cukus ds fy;s 'kkVZ&dV jkLrk viukus yxs gSaA yksx de ls de le; esa djksM+ifr cuuk pkgrs gSaA ,slh ukSdjh dhft,] ,slk O;olk; [kksft;s] ,sls yksxksa ls fe=rk dhft,] tks jkrksa&jkr] djksM+ifr cuk nsA lHkh dj jgs gSa&fo/kk;d dj jgs gS] ea=h dj jgs gSa] mPp vf/kdkjh dj jgs gSa] NksVs vf/kdkjh dj jgs gSa] f'k{kd dj jgs gSaA lh/kk jkLrk rks cgqr yEck gS] djksM+ifr cuus esa iwjk thou yx tk;sxkA tc ls eSa
cgqr Å¡ps yksx&;gk¡ rd fd ea=hx.k bl jkLrs dks viuk jgs gSaA ifj.kke Lo:i dbZ ea=h tsy esa gSa] rks dbZ tsy tkus dh çrh{kk dj jgs gSaA ;g Hkkjr ds fy, dksbZ u;h ckr ugha gSA ipkl o"kZ iwoZ Hkh ,slk gksrk FkkA jsyos fjtosZ'ku ds
Hkkjrh; çxfr ds fojks/kkHkkl
22
vkSj T;ksfr"kkpk;ksaZ us Hkh mldh iqf"V dh gSA
f'k{kk ds {ks= esa cgqr ifjorZu vk;k gSA txg&txg rjg&rjg ds fo|ky; [kqy x;s gSaA dgha bathfu;fjax baLVhVîwV] dgha fctusl Ldwy] dgha dEI;wVj çf'k{k.k dsUæA ftu cfLr;ksa esa gkbZLdwy ugha gqvk djrs Fks] ogk¡ cM+s&cM+s iksLVxzstq,V dkWyst [kqy x;s gSaA NksVs&NksVs cPpksa ds vaxzsth Ldwyksa dh Hkjekj gks x;h gSA Ldwyksa ds uke Hkh vaxzsth esa gSa&oqMckbu ifCyd Ldwy]lu 'kkbu bafXy'k ehfM;e Ldwy] fyfVy ¶ykoj ,dsMeh] ;wjks&bafM;u dksfpax lsaVjA Ldwy [kksyuk ,d vPNk O;kikj cu x;k gS] ftlls lHkh dk ykHk gSA O;kikfj;ksa ;k iSls okys yksxksa ds dkys /ku dk mfpr mi;ksx gks jgk gS vkSj mUgsa vPNh vkenuh Hkh gks jgh gSA cPpksa dks Hkh ykHk gqvk gS] ftUgsa Ldwy esa ços'k ikuk dfBu Fkk] mUgsa vklkuh gks x;h gSA ;fn i;kZIr /ku gks rks vPNs Ldwyksa esa ços'k ysuk dksbZ dfBu ckr ugha gSA tks ik¡p lkS #i, çfrekg ns ldrs gSa] muds fy, ,d rjg ds fo|ky; gSa vkSj tks yksx ik¡p gtkj #i, çfrekg ns ldrs gSa] muds fy, vyx fo|ky; gSaA
Ldwyksa ls vfHkHkkodksa dks Hkh vklkuh gqbZ gS D;ksafd mUgsa vc txg&txg cPpksa dks ços'k djkus dh >a>V dk lkeuk ugha djuk iM+rkA v/;kidksa dks Hkh ykHk gqvk gS mudh csjkstxkjh de gqbZ gSA fdrus gh ;qod vkSj ;qofr;k¡ iksLVxzstq,V f'k{kk ikus ds ckn Hkh ukSdjh ds fy, /kDds [kkrs gSa] ysfdu vc mUgsa fdlh çkbosV fo|ky; esa pkj&ik¡p gtkj #i;s çfr ekg fey gh tkrk gSA ,d yM+dh us yxHkx rhu o"kZ iwoZ dsfeLVªh esa MkWDVjsV dh mikf/k ikbZ] mls vkt dy iUæg gtkj #i;s çfrekg feyrs gSa ,d ysDpjj dh iksth'ku ijA ,d vU; ;qorh us vHkh FkksM+s fnu igys fganh lkfgR; esa ih,p- Mh- fd;kA mls fdlh fo|ky; esa ch- ,- ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks i<+kus dh ukSdjh fey x;h gS vkSj lkr gtkj osru feyrk gSA og cgqr gh [kq'k gS D;ksafd mls csdkj ugha cSBuk iM+kA og bl vk'kk esa [kq'k gS fd ;fn mls fdlh jktdh; fo|ky; esa ukSdjh fey x;h rks ipkl&lkB gtkj #i;s feyus yxsaxsA ,d vU; ;qod us ,e-,- vkSj ch-,M- fd;k gqvk gSA mlus ,d fo|ky; dks pkj yk[k #i;s nku fn;k vkSj vc mls pkj gtkj #i, çfrekg osru feyus yxk gSA
NksVs&NksVs cPpksa dks Hkh cgqr ykHk gqvk gSA os vc vaxzsth os'k&Hkw"kk esa i<+us tkrs gSaA NksVs&NksVs 6&7 o"kZ ds cPps uhyh iSaV] lQsn deht vkSj yky VkbZ igudj Ldwy tkrs gq, fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA vaxzsth esa ckrsa djrs gSa]
fy, lqfo/kk 'kqYd] ikliksVZ cukokus ds fy;s lqfo/kk&'kqYd] dksVZ dk QSlyk vius fgr esa djkus ds fy, lqfo/kk&'kqYd] rcknyk djokus ds fy;s lqfo/kk&'kqYd] rcknyk #dokus ds fy;s lqfo/kk&'kqYd vkSj çeks'ku djokus ds fy, lqfo/kk&'kqYdA ysfdu tgk¡ igys gtkjksa dh ckrsa gksrh Fkha] vc yk[kksa vkSj djksM+ks dh ckrsa gksrh gSaA yxrk gS Hkz"Vkpkj gekjs pfj= dk vax curk pyk tk jgk gSA yxHkx pkyhl o"kZ iwoZ tc eSa vesfjdk ds ,d fo'ofo|ky; esa Nk= Fkk] fdlh çksQslj us blh çdkj dh fViI.kh dh FkhA mlus dgk Fkk fd naHk vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj Hkkjrh; pfj= dk ,d vax gSA dqN Hkkjrh; fo|kfFkZ;ksa us cM+k gaxkek fd;k vkSj ml çksQslj dks {kek ekaxus ij etcwj dj fn;kA vc rks Hkkjrh; fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds efLr"d esa ,slh fVIi.kh ds fojks/k esa fopkj Hkh 'kk;n gh vk;sxkA
ysfdu bldk rkRi;Z ;g ugha fd lHkh yksx HkkSfrdrk esa iwjh rjg fyIr gks x;s gSaA eq>s ,slk yxrk gS fd vk/kqfudhdj.k vkSj if'pehdj.k ds lkFk yksx vf/kd /kkfeZd vkSj vk/;kfRed Hkh gks x;s gSaA txg&txg gou djk;s tk jgs gS&dHkh ikuh cjlkus ds fy;s] dHkh pquko thrus ds fy;s vkSj dHkh fØdsV dk eSp thrus ds fy;sA eafnjksa esa HkhM+ c<+ x;h gS] efLr"d ij cM+k Vhdk ;k foHkwfr yxkus okyksa dh la[;k c<+ x;h gS&cqf)thoh yksxksa esa HkhA ,d lqcg eSa ,d fe= ls feyus x;k] tks lekt foKku ds çksQslj gSaA njoktk [kV[kVk;k rks ,d nl&ckjg o"kZ dh yM+dh us vUnj vkus dks dgk vkSj cSBk;kA mlus crk;k fd çksQslj lkgc iwtk ij cSBs gSaA eSa lqu ldrk Fkk&tksj&tksj ls laL—r ds 'yksd i<+s tk jgs FksA yxHkx chl feuV ds ckn os fe= /kksrh&dqrsZ esa] ekFks ij cM+k lk Vhdk yxk;s vkSj gkFk esa çlkn fy;s gq, iwtk?kj ls ckgj vk;s] eq>s Hkh çlkn fn;kA
eSaus lkspk fd 'kk;n vk;q c<+us ds lkFk fe= dk /kkfeZd fo'okl c< x;k gSA ysfdu mudh iwtk lekIr gksrs gh mudk bathfu;j iq= /kksrh&dqjrs esa iwtk djus pyk x;kA ;g dksbZ vuks[kk] vuwBk ;k U;kjk mnkgj.k ugha gSaA ,sls yksxksa dh la[;k c<+h gq;h yxrh gSA eSa dbZ ,sls oSKkfud] bathfu;j] MkWDVj ;k mPp vf/kdkfj;ksa ls feyk gw¡ tks fcuk 'kqHk ?kM+h ns[ks fdlh yEch ;k=k ij ugha fudyrs] eaxy dks nk<+h ugha cukrs ;k 'kfuokj dks yksgs dk lkeku ugha [kjhnrsA lcdk ,d gh jkx gSA
,d bathfu;j fe= rks dgrs ugha Fkdrs fd tks Hkh HkkX; esa fy[kk gS] mlesa dksbZ Hkh ifjorZu ugha fd;k tk ldrkA fQj Hkh mUgksaus dbZ jxa&fcjaxh vaxwfB;k¡ igu j[kh gSaA dksbZ 'kfu ls j{kk djrk gS rks dksbZ vU; xzgksa ds dksi lsA ,d vU; flfoy bathfu;j ls feyk] ftUgksaus vHkh dqN o"kksaZ igys ,d HkO; edku cuok;k FkkA ml edku dk njoktk nf{k.k fn'kk dh vksj [kqyrk gSA dbZ iafMrksa vkSj T;ksfr"kkpk;ksaZ ds ikl x;s] rjg&rjg ds mik; fd;s] iwtk&ikB djok;sA os okLrq'kkL= dh fof/k;ksa ls cgqr gh çHkkfor Fks vkSj vius edku esa rjg&rjg ds ifjorZu djok;sA ,d vU; mPp vf/kdkjh fe= ls feyk ftudh Åijh vkenuh muds osru ls dbZ xquk vf/kd gSaA os vkSj mudh iRuh cgqr gh /kkfeZd gSa] rjg&rjg ds iwtk&ikB] ;K vkfn djkrs jgrs gSaA ,d vU; çksQslj fe= ls feyk tks FkksM+s ijs'kku fn[kkbZ ns jgs FksA os vkSj mudh iRuh dkQh mPp f'k{kk çkIr fd;s gq;s gSaA
mudk fo'okl gS fd tc ls mudh cgw ?kj esa vk;h gS] mudh ijs'kkfu;k¡ c<+ x;h gSaA mlds vkus ds 'kh?kz ckn muds ifjokj esa fdlh dk nsgkUr gks x;k] ifjokj dk ,d vU; lnL; nq?kZVuk xzLr gks x;k] vkSj muds iq= dh ukSdjh esa leL;k,a vkus yxhaA mudk dguk gS fd ;g mudk oge~ ugha gS] dbZ iafMrksa
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k 23
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k
vaxzsth <+ax dk [kkuk [kkrs gSa vkSj vaxzsth ds Vsyhfotu dkVwZu ns[krs gSaA ftu cPpksa ds ek¡&cki vaxzsth Ldwyksa dh Qhl ugha ns ldrs] os vius cPpksa dks ljdkjh fo|ky;ksa esa Hkstrs gSa] tgk¡ mUgsa feM&Ms ehy Hkh feyrk gSA ,d xzke ç/kku ds vuqlkj blls cPpksa dks cgqr ykHk gqvk gSA
yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk esa Hkh cgqr çxfr gqbZ gSA vc xk¡oksa esa Hkh xzstq,V vkSj iksLV xzstq,V yM+fd;k¡ vPNh la[;k esa fey tk,axhA ysfdu ek¡&cki ds fy, cgqr lh eqlhcrsa c<+ xbZ gSa D;ksafd mudh mPp f'k{kk&çkIr iqf=;ksa dks ;ksX; oj ugha fey ik jgs gSaA Å¡ph f'k{kk&çkIr fd;s yM+dksa dk Hkko cgqr c<+ x;k gSA ,d lk/kkj.k ch-,- fd;k gqvk yM+dk tks fdlh dk;kZy; esa DydZ dk dke djrk gS mlds ?kj okys rhu&pkj yk[k ds uhps ckr gh ugha djrsA ;fn bathfu;j] ih-lh-,l- ;k MkWDVj gqvk rks ckr gh er iwfN;s& mldk Hkko 15&20 yk[k ls Åij tkrk gSA ;fn fdlh vUrjkZ"Vªh; QeZ esa bathfu;j gS rks mldk Hkko 50 yk[k ls Åij tk ldrk gSA vHkh FkksM+s fnu igys ,d fe= ls feyk] ftudh iq=h Hkkjr ds cgqr çfl) fo'ofo|ky; esa ih&,p-Mh dj jgh gSA mlds fookg ds fy, fdlh fMxzh dkWyst dk v/;kid iUæg yk[k #i;s dh ek¡x dj jgk gSA yM+ds vius fookg dh ckr ugha djuk pkgrs] lc dqN vius ek¡&cki ds Åij Vky nsrs gSa tks eksyHkko djus esa fcYdqy ugha 'kekZrsA cspkjs ih-lh-,l- ;k MkWDVjsV fd;s gq, ;qod vius ek¡&cki dks nq[kh ugha djuk pkgrs vkSj muds eksyHkko esa dksbZ gLr{ksi ugha djrsA
esfMdy vkSj LokLF; ds {ks= esa Hkh Hkkjr cgqr vkxs gks x;k gSA txg&txg vLirky] uflaZxgkse] esfMdy Dyhfud vkSj iSFkkykWth dsUæ fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA MkWDVjksa dh Hkjekj gks x;h gS ftudh cM+h&cM+h fMfxz;k¡ gSaA nokvksa dk vHkko ugha jg x;k gSA ipkl o"kZ iwoZ Hkkjr esa çfr ,d gtkj tUesa cPpksa esa yxHkx 150 ls vf/kd viuk igyk tUefnu ugha ns[k ikrs FksA vkt ;g la[;k ek= 40&45 gSA vHkh dqN le; iwoZ Hkkjr ljdkj us jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k LokLF; fe'ku ¼,uvkj,p,e½ ds }kjk vLirkyksa esa lq/kkj ykus ds fy, djksM+ksa #i, [kpZ fd;sA vHkh rd rks ;g irk ugha yx ik;k gS fd bl fe'ku ls xzkeh.k yksxksa dks fdruk ykHk igq¡pk gS ysfdu ;fn ehfM;k ij fo'okl fd;k tk lds rks blls cgqr ls jktusrkvksa] eaf=;ksa vkSj vf/kdkfj;ksa dks djksM+ksa dk ykHk gqvk gS vkSj fo'ks"k :i ls mÙkj çns'k esa tks LokLF; ds {ks= esa cgqr gh fiNM+k çkar gSA
ns'k esa vYVªklkmUM dk ç;ksx cgqr lQy gqvk gS vkSj vusdksa nEifÙk;ksa us iqf=;ksa dks bl “;= uk;ZLrq iwT;Urs” okyh /kjrh ij vkus ls jksd fn;k gSA ets dh ckr rks ;g gS fd ;g dk;ZØe mPp f'k{kk çkIr naifÙk;ksa esa vf/kd gS] tks dsoy ,d ;k nks gh cPps pkgrs gSa ysfdu ;g lqfuf'pr djuk pkgrs gSa fd mUgsa yM+dk gh iSnk gksA
fiNys 20&25 o"kksaZ esa Hkkjr cgqr vkxs c<+k gS] fo'ks"k :i ls vkfFkZd {ks= esaA ;fn ,slh gh çxfr gksrh jgh rks 'kh?kz gh mlds fodflr ns'kksa dh Js.kh esa vkus dh laHkkouk gSA ysfdu dqN 'kfä;k¡ bls ihNs dh vksj /kdsy jgh gS: elyu vkfFkZd vlekurk,a] Hkz"Vkpkj vkSj uSfrd gkzl brus
çHkko'kkyh gks x;s gSa fd Hkkjr bu {ks=ksa esa fodkl dh vis{kk ,d dne vkxs gS] bu lcds ckotwn lekt ds vf/kdrj vaxksa esa fodkl dh vk'kk cuh gS ysfdu blesa fdruh nsj gS] irk ugha yx ik jgk gSA
çksQslj cfyjkevfrfFk ladk;
MjlHkh egku jpukdkjksa esa vius lw;Z ds mfnr u gksus dk Mjs fdls gS?
fy[krs&fy[krs dye ds VwV tkus dk Mj fdls gS?
Mj gS rks viuh —fr ls fdlh ds fny dks u Nw ikus dh ukdkeh dk
Mj gS rks Hkkjr dh bl nqfu;k esa xqeukeh dkA
lkfgR; ds bu xksrk[kksjksa esa Mwc tkus dk Mj fdls gS?
dye dh bl ryokj dks pykrs oä gkFk fNy tkus dk Mj fdls gSa?
Mj gS rks bl ryokj ls fdlh dh ftUnxh dks cpk u ikus dk
Mj gS rks lekt dh bl dqafBr lksp dks foLr`r u dj ikus dkA
ns'k ds bu dyedkjksa esa csotg dyafdr gks tkus dk Mj fdls gS?
jktusrkvksa dh rjg dkys /ku dks Nqikus dk Mj fdls gS?
Mj gS rks vius dye dh L;kgh ds [kRe gks tkus dk
Mj gS rks vius gh fopkjksa esa }Un Bu tkus dkAA
fl)kFkZ xqIrk
d{kk 11
dsUæh; fo|ky; vkbZ vkbZ Vh dkuiqj
24
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k
[uksV& Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj ifjlj ds lanHkZ esa cYyw ¼uhy xk; dk 'kkod½ ,oa lqUnjh ¼,d xSj ikyrw dqfr;k½ dh Hkkoukvksa dk ;g ,d ekuohdj.k gSA ikBd bls mlh lanHkZ esa ns[ksaA]
cYyw esjs nknk] nknh ]ijnknk ,oa ijnknh lHkh ;gk¡] bl oSKkfud laLFkku ifjlj ds vkl ikl ds taxy esa jgrs FksA ;g oSKkfud laLFkku f'k{kk esa loksZifj gS vkSj jgsxk ,slk eSaus vius iwoZtksa ls lquk gSA dqN lky igys ;gk¡ ,d fo'kky taxy Fkk vkSj gekjs la;qä ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dh la[;k Hkh de Fkh] blfy, gesa dHkh Hkkstu ds fy, HkVduk ugha iMrk FkkA
lqUnjh&eS Hkh blh ifjlj esa iyhs] cM+h gqbZ ij nqHkkZX;o'k vc eSa vU/kh gks x;h gw¡A blhfy, T;knk nkSM+&/kwi ugha dj ikrh ijUrq ifjlj ds usd f'k{kd ,oa deZpkfj;ksa dh eSa 'kqØxqtkj gw¡ tks lqcg&lqcg ifjlj dh Vh&'kkWi esa eq>s tysch idkSM+h dk uk'rk djok dj eq>s ljkcksj dj nsrs gSaA Toyar fo"k;ksa ij f'k{kdksa] fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk okn&fookn lqudj eSa vkRe foHkksj lh gks tkrh gw¡A lksprh gw¡] dk'k ! eSa Hkh i<+h gksrh vkSj bl okn&fookn esa c<&+p<+ dj fgLlk ysrhA
cYyw&lqUnjh ! rqe rks cgqr HkkX;'kkyh gks] D;ksafd ifjlj esa rqEgas bruk vikj Lusg tks feyk gSSA ijUrq esjk vkSj esjs ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dk vuqHko bruk vPNk ugha gSSA taxy ladqfpr gks x;k gS] gekjh la[;k c<+ x;h gS] taxy dk Hkkstu gesa i;kZIr ugha gksrk] blhfy;s Hkkstu dh [kkst esa dHkh&dHkh taxy ls ifjlj esa tkuk iM+rk gS ftlls ifjlj oklh vlqfo/kk eglwl djrs gSa] lge tkrs gaSA urhtru] dHkh&dHkh gedks lqj{kk vf/kdkfj;ksa dh ykfB;ksa dk lkeuk Hkh djuk iM+rk gSS rc ge Hkh dHkh&dHkh mxz :i /kkj.k dj ysrs gSSA bu lcds pyrs ifjlj okfl;ksa ls] ge yksx pkgrs gq, Hkh] e/kqj lEcU/k cukus esa vleFkZ gks tkrs gSaA
lqUnjh ns[kks yksx cny jgs gSa] lekt cny jgk gSA ge lHkh thoksa ds thfor jgus dh vk;q esa Hkh ifjorZu vk jgk gSSA rqe viuh –f"Vghurk ls ?kcjkvks ughaA gekjs taxy esa gksrs gq,] ;g –f"Vghurk rqEgkjh [kqf'k;k¡ ugha Nhu ldrhA ge lHkh çk.kh ,d nwljs ij fuHkZj gSaA ;s lehdj.k tc vk'khokZn ds :i esa gesa bZ'oj us fn;k gS rks vkvks mls O;ogkj esa yk;sa A rqe tc pkgks taxy esa vk ldrh gks] eq>ls ,oa esjs ifjokj ls enn ys ldrh gkasA ge rqEgsa iukg nsdj cgqr gh gf"kZr gksaxsA
oLrqr: ;g ckr fdlh ls Nqih ugha Fkh] fd uhy xk; ds 'kkod&lqUnjh dks lgh jkLrk fn[kkus esa enn nsrs vkSj lqUnjh jkr dks tc [krjs dk ,glkl djrh rks HkkSad&HkkSad djds og cYyw ,oa mlds ifjokj ds lHkh lnL;ksa dks le; ls [krjs dh lwpuk ns nsrhA
lqUnjh&cYyw ! rqe vkSj rqEgkjk ifjokj /kU; gS! tc ls eSa rqe lc ds laidZ ,oa iukg esa vkbZ gw¡ esjs thou dk jkse&jkse f[ky x;k gSA –f"Vghurk ls esjs O;fäRo esa vk;k fjä LFkku Hkj x;k gS] esjh dqaBk xk;c gks x;h gSA lp rks ;g gS rqEgkjs 'kkodksa ds lkFk [ksy dj eSa Hkjiwj ftanxh th jgh gw¡A bZ'oj rqEgs lfn;ksa rd lyker j[ksA
lqUnjh&cYyw ! D;k rqEgsa irk gS fd bl oSKkfud laLFkku ds ifjlj ,oa taxyks esa ,d lR; Lo:i psru rRo fo|eku gS tSlk fd esjk ekuuk gS-------
cYyw&lqUnjh ! rqe ;s D;k dg jgh gks\ esjh le> ls ckgj gS-------
lqUnjh&cYy w! le>us dh dksf'k'k djksA ns[kks uk! dgk¡ iwjs fo'o esa v'kkafr gS]ijUrq ;gk¡ ds ifjlj ,oa taxy esa vykSfdd 'kkafr gS] blij esjh&rqEgkjh lqUnj xgjh nksLrhA ,d rjQ eSa&nqf[kr] xjhc xyh dh –f"V&ghu dqfr;k] nwljh vksj rqe&lqanj] l{ke mNyrs dwnrs uhy xk; ds 'kkodA cstksM+ lk yxrk gSA ;g nksLrh bl ifjlj ,oa taxy dk psru rRo ugha gS rks vkSj D;k gS\ bZ'oj djs ;g nksLrh vej jgsA esjk iwjk fo'okl gS fd og fnu nwj ugha tc cYyw&lqUnjh dh l;kuh nksLrh ds fdLls lHkh ds tqcku ij gksaxsA Hkfo"; esa gekjh ;s nksLrh ifjlj okfl;ksa ds fy, çsj.kk lzksr gksxh vkSj lHkh bldh Hkwfj&Hkwfj ljkguk djsaxsA
&
psru rRo
lqdekZ FkjstkiwoZ Nk=k
25
lkfgR; ;k=k dfork,a
cnyrs vk;kegj {k.k gj iy fu;fr dks ifj/kku cnyrs ns[kk gSA;kjksa dh ;kjh dk HkhvfHkeku cnyrs ns[kk gSAbalku cnyrs ns[kk gSAA
dkxt ds pan VqdM+ksa dh [kkfrj—ikuksa dks fHkM+rs ns[kk gSAvius gh eatj dk nnZ fy,viuksa dks rM+irs ns[kk gSAykpkj flldrh ekuork dks fry&fry ejrs ns[kk gSAbalku cnyrs ns[kk gSAA
nwf"kr iou dh ykpkjh ls _rqvksa dks O;ogkj cnyrs ns[kk gSv#.k&pUæ dh yqdkfNih ls fnu&jkr cnyrs ns[kk gSAthou dh vkik/kkih esa iy&iy O;ogkj cnyrs ns[kk gSbalku cnyrs ns[kk gSAA
Ny&çiap ls jph&clh bl nqfu;k dk gj jax cnyrs ns[kk gSAfj'rksa dh e;kZnk dk geusvk;ke cnyrs ns[kk gSAvukpkj ls dqafBr olq/kk ijlPpkbZ dks flldrs ns[kk gSbalku cnyrs ns[kk gSAA
dkuiqj : 1
dkuiqj : 2
dM+h /kwi esa rirk VwVk 'kgjcan ,fYxu fey
dgha ?kaVk?kjvaxzst+ksa ds tylk ?kj esa
1857 dh fu'kkfu;k¡ vk/kqfud ¶+ykbvksoj rys
vkfne t+ehu‘djsaV cqd fMiks’ esa mckÅ fueZy oekZ
pqLr —".k cynso oSnvkSj ejkBh esa ukephu] ukilanhnk mn; çdk'k
fdlh le; iwjc dk eWupsLVjfeyksa dh d+csaz ikyrk gS
-dgrs gSa xk¡/kh eWupsLVj ds etnwjksa ls feyus vk, Fks&fjD'ks ls–;kuh vkWVks ls] ;gk¡ fjD'ks dk eryc lkbfdy&fjD'kk gksrk gS&
yky bZaVksa dh Å¡ph nhokj fn[krh gSog ,fYxu fey gS
mls ‘yky beyh’ cqykrs gSa-vkWVksokyk xkbM djrk gS&‘yky beyh’ uke Hkyk gS
ysfdu 'kgj[kqn dks [kM+k dj jgk Fkkns[krs gh ns[krs fxj iM+k
vkSj ck¡/k VwV x;k
ewy ejkBh dfork – MkW- ç'kkUr ckxMekufodh ,oa lkekftd foKku foHkkx
vuqokn – dkSf'kd ækfoM
MkW- jke ujs'k f=ikBh ^e;wj*iwoZ Nk=
26
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k
fo'o esa lHkh /keksaZ esa lcls çkphu /keZ oSfnd /keZ gS vkSj oSfnd /keZ dk orZeku Lo:i gh lukru /keZ gSA oSfnd /keZ dh viuh ,d fo'ks"krk gS fd og vusd erksa vkSj iaFkksa dks] vufxur fo'oklksa dks vkSj blh ds lkFk&lkFk Hkkjrh; n'kZu dks vius xHkZ esa lesVs gq, gSA fdUrq çkphu dky ls gh le; ,oa vko';drk ds vuqlkj lukru /keZ esa vusd ifjorZu gksrs pys vk;s gSaA gekjs fo'okl dks –<+ djus ds fy, ;fn dqN dFkk,¡ ,oa dgkfu;k¡ tksM+h x;h gSa rks vukfndky ls pyh vk jgh ijEijkvksa us Hkh viuk Lo:i cnyk gSA lkekftd ifjos'k dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, gekjs _f"k eqfu;ksa us] gekjs osn&'kkfL=;ksa us nsoh&nsorkvksa ds ek/;e ls gesa fofHkUu ckras le>kus dk ç;kl fd;k gSA
vkt vkidk /;ku ,slh gh ,d [kkl ckr dh vksj vkdf"kZr djuk pkgsaxs tks gekjh vkLFkk ds lkFk tqM+k gqvk gSA bl fo"k; ij vkidk Hkh /;ku vo'; x;k gksxk D;ksafd çfrfnu ge rLohj esa] eafnjksa esa ;k ewfrZ;ksa esa bls vo'; ns[krs gaSA ikSjkf.kd dFkkvksa esa] miU;klksa esa] osnksa esa bldk mYys[k foLrkj ls fd;k x;k gSA
vki tkuuk pkgsaxs fd vkf[kj ;g gS D;k\ ;s gSa gekjs nsoh&nsorkvksa ds okgu] mudh lokjh ftl ij lokj gksdj oks Hkze.k djrs gSaA vk'p;Z dh ckr ;g gS fd nsorkvksa ds okgu muds lkFk ,sls tksM+ fn, x, gS fd muds fcuk Hkxokuksa dh dYiuk djuk vlaHko gSA tSls fo".kq th ds okgu x#M+ gaS] f'koth ds uanh vkSj ek¡ nqxkZ ds 'ksjA ;g fyLV rks cgqr yach gS D;ksafd lHkh Hkxokuksa ds vius fuf'pr okgu gaSA vc ftrus nsoh&nsork gaS mrus gh muds okgu HkhA
,slh Hkh ekU;rk gS fd mUgksaus vius okgu Lo;a fu/kkZfjr ugha fd;s gksaxs vkSj okgu ds :i esa i'kq&i{kh mUgsa _f"k&eqfu;ksa }kjk gh fn, x, gksaxsaA rks vc ç'u ;g gS fd bu loZ'kfäeku nsoh nsorkvksa ds lkFk ou&çkf.k;ksa dks gh okgu ds :i esa D;ksa tksM+k x;k gS\ tcfd okLrfodrk ;g gS fd viuh fnO;'kfä;ksa ls ;s Hkxoku] {k.k Hkj esa dgha Hkh vkus&tkus esa iw.kZ :i ls l{ke gSaA ,slk D;ksa ugha gqvk fd fdlh dk okgu] mM+u[kVksyk gks] ;k fQj dksbZ vU; oLrq\
xgu fopkj ds i'pkr~ ge bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡prs gaS fd ou&çkf.k;ksa dks gekjs Hkxokuksa ds lkFk tksM+us ds ihNs vusd dkj.kksa esa ls lkekftd ,oa O;ogkfjd dkj.k çeq[k gSaA gekjs nsoh&nsorkvksa dks ftl xq.k ls le`) fd;k x;k gS] mUgas mlh xq.k okys fdlh i'kq ;k i{kh dks okgu ds :i esa fn;k x;k gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd lHkh nsoh&nsorkvksa dh lokfj;ka Hkh i`Fkd&i`Fkd gSaA vc nsf[k;s f'ko Hkksys&HkaMkjh gaS] rqjUr çlUu gks tkrs gSa ysfdu 'kh?kz Øksf/kr Hkh] rHkh rks mudk okgu uanh gS tks lh/kk rks gS ysfdu cy vkSj 'kfä dk çrhd Hkh gSA blh çdkj rstfLouh ek¡ nqxkZ 'kfä ,oa mtkZ dh çrhd gaS rks LokHkkfod gS fd mudk okgu cy'kkyh ,oa 'kfä'kkyh gksuk pkfg;s vkSj ge lHkh tkurs gaS fd ek¡ nqxkZ 'ksj ij vk:<+ gaSA
blh çdkj ek¡ y{eh gaSA bl ys[k esa ge eq[;r: Hkxoku fo".kq dh iRuh ,oa /ku] laink vkSj le`f) dh nsoh y{eh th ds okgu ds ckjs esa vkidks crk,¡xsA ek¡ y{eh dk okgu mYyw gSA lqudj dqN vViVk lk yxrk gS A ysfdu mudk ;g okgu fcuk lksps&le>s ;k fcuk fdlh vk/kkj ds ugha fu;r fd;k x;k gSA blds ihNs vk/;kfRed lksp gh ugha oju~ lkekftd dkj.k Hkh gSA
çkphu dky ls gh Hkkjr ,d —f"k ç/kku ns'k jgk gSA rks LokHkkfod gS fd ;gk¡ ij —"kd vf/kd gSaA fdlku [ksrh djds Qly iSnk djrk gS ftlls mls /ku dh çkfIr gksrh gSA vc tkfgj lh ckr gSa fd tgk¡ [ksrh gksxh ogk¡ çk—frd vkink,a Hkh gksaxh tSls vf/kd o"kkZ] vf/kd 'khr ;k fQj lw[kk vkfnA buls tw>rs gq, gh fdlku dks [ksrh djuh gksrh gSA lksfp;s rks fdlku ds fy, dsoy çk—frd vkink,a gh ugha gSa] feêh esa jgus okys dhM+s&edksM+s] pwgs&NNqanj] lkai vkfn Hkh mls uqdlku igq¡pkus esa dksbZ dlj ugha NksM+rs gSaA ;s lc mlds çeq[k 'k=qvksa esa gSaA dhM+s&edksM+ksa dks [kRe djus ds fy, i'kq&i{kh rks gS gha] vU; çk—frd mipkj Hkh gSa tSls uhe dh [kkn vkfnA blds vykok dhV&uk'kd nok,a ,oa jklk;fud [kkn ds ç;ksx ls Hkh dhMs+&edksM+ksa ls dqN gn rd NqVdkjk fey ldrk gSA fdUrq fdlku dk ,d ,slk 'k=q gS ftlls yM+uk csgn dfBu gSa] vc ;fn vki xkSj djsa rks vkSj ;g 'k=q gS pwgk vkdkj esa rks eksVk gksrk gS tcfd vf/kdrj if{k;ksa dh pksapsa cgqr NksVh] iryh vkSj yach gksrh gS] ftl dkj.k os pwgksa dks idM+us esa vleFkZ gksrs gSaA nwljs Hkwjs&eVeSys jax ds dkj.k vf/kdka'k i{kh isM+ ds Åij ls ;k mM+rs le; vkleku ls pwgksa dks vklkuh ls ns[k Hkh ugha ikrs gSaA viuh iSuh –f"V ls vU; if{k;ksa dh vis{kk phy rFkk ckt tSls i{kh gh vkleku esa bruh ÅapkbZ ij mM+rs gq, Hkh bUgsa ns[k ysrs gSa vkSj lQyrk ls budk f'kdkj dj ikrs gSaA fdUrq dsoy fnu ds mtkys esaAphy vkSj ckt Hkh jkr esa f'kdkj ugha djrsA D;ksafd pwgs vU; tkuojksa ls T;knk prqj gksus ds lkFk&lkFk ges'kk pkSdl Hkh jgrs gSa vr: bUgsa idM+uk bruk ljy ugha gSA vxj vkids ?kj esa pwgs gSa] tSlk fd vkerkSj ij ?kjksa esa gksrk gS] rks vkius ns[kk gksxk fd vU; tkuojksa ls fHkUu] [kkrs le; Hkh pwgs viuk lj Åij j[krs gSaA mudh Hkwjh vk¡[ksa Hkh papyrk ls b/kj&m/kj gh ns[krh jgrh gSaA vius vusd 'k=qvksa ls cpus ds fy, T;knkrj pwgs fnu esa vius fcyksa esa gh jgrs gSa vkSj jkr ds v¡/ksjs esa gh [kkus dh [kkst esa ckgj vkrs gSaA
jkr ds va/kdkj esa tkuoj rks f'kdkj dj ldrs gaS fdUrq ,sls i{kh cgqr de gaS tks jkr esa f'kdkj djus esa leFkZ gSaA mu if{k;ksa esa ls ,d i{kh gS] mYywA ysfdu mYyw esa ,slk D;k gS tks vU; if{k;ksa esa ugha gSa\ vkf[kj mYyw Hkh rks ,d NksVk lk lk/kkj.k i{kh gh gS ! fopkj.kh; ;g gS fd tc iSuh –f"V j[kus okys phy vkSj ckt tSLks l'kä i{kh fnu ds mtkys esa pwgs dks idM+us esa vDlj vleFkZ jgrs gSa] rks jkr ds v¡/ksjs esa mYyw tSlk NksVk lk/kkj.k i{kh brus papy&piy tkuoj dk f'kdkj dSls dj ldrk gSa \
jkr ds v¡/ksjs esa lQyrkiwoZd f'kdkj djus ds fy, rh{.k&–f"V dk gksuk
nsoh, nsork vkSj okgu
27
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k ,oa dfork
vfr vko';d gSA iSuh –f"V ds vHkko esa u rks tkuoj ut+j vk;sxk vkSj u gh mldh nwjh vkaddj mlij vkØe.k dh j.kuhfr r; dh tk ldrh gSA vc ;fn mYyw ds vkdkj dks ns[kk tk;] rks mYyw dh vk¡[ksa mlds 'kjhj dh rqyuk esa dkQh cM+h gksrh gSa ftl dkj.k og mUgsa vius dksVj esa ugha ?kqek ldrkA fdUrq bl deh dh iwfrZ ds fy, ç—fr us mls ,d fo'ks"k {kerk çnku dh gSA og viuh xnZu dks cgqr rsth ls ihNs rd ?kqekdj f'kdkj [kkst ldrk gSA ;gh ugha] rst ,oa /kheh mM+ku dh ,d fo'ks"k ;ksX;rk Hkh mYyw ds ikl gS ftldk og f'kdkj djrs le; c[kwch bLrseky djrk gSA vius ia[kksa dh cukoV ds dkj.k mM+rs le; mYyw ds ia[kksa dh QM+QM+kgV ugha gksrh gSA vr% f'kdkj dks mlds vkØe.k dk vkHkkl Hkh ugha gks ikrk vkSj mls mYyw dk vkgkj curs nsj ugha yxrh gSA blh ds lkFk&lkFk jkr ds v¡/ksjs esa [ksrksa vkSj taxyksa esa viuk f'kdkj [kkstrs gq, mYyw tkuoj dh /ofu ;k vkgV lqudj fn'kk dk fu/kkZj.k djrs gq, vkadyu djrk gS fd f'kdkj dh nwjh fdruh gSA [kkl djds pwgksa dhA vc vki tkuuk pkgsaxs fd ;g dSls vkSj pwgs gh D;ksa idM+rk gS\ ;g oSKkfud rF; gS fd pwgs dh vkokt+ csgn eghu ,oa Å¡ph gksrh gS vkSj mYyw dh Jo.k 'kfä ml Å¡ph vkSj eghu /ofu dks Rofjr xfr ls igpkuus esa vR;ar l{keA vU; if{k;ksa esa ;g {kerk ugha gksrh gSaA blds lkFk&lkFk mYyw dh lcls cM+h [kwch gS fd og fdlh Hkh _rq ds vuq:i vius dks <+ky dj f'kdkj djus esa fuiq.k gSA ;gk¡ rd fd mlij 'khr _rq] o"kkZ _rq] cQhZyh gokvksa] dk Hkh çHkko ugha iM+rkA
vc ;g fopkj.kh; gS fd mYyw dks gh D;ksa y{eh dk okgu ekuk tkrk gSA ckr cgqr ljy gSA pwgs vukt dk lokZf/kd fouk'k djrs gSaA dqN [kkdj vkSj dqN vius fcyksa esa vR;f/kd tek djdsA pwgs vko';drk ls vf/kd lap; djrs gSa vkSj dqN le; ckn fcyksa dks NksM+ nsrs gaS ftlls vukt cckZn gksrk gSA os u dsoy vukt dh cckZnh djrs gaS cfYd [ksrksa esa t+ehu [kksndj vius fcy cukrs gSa vkSj [ksrh esa ck/kk mRiUu djrs gaSA [ksrh dk {k; gksrk gS ftlls fdlku dk uqdlku gksrk gSA vc fdlku ds lcls cM+s 'k=q dk mYyw gh rks uk'k djrk gSA pwgksa dks ekjdj mudh la[;k de djds og ,d çdkj ls vukt esa o`f) gh rks djrk gSA tc vukt esa o`f) gksrh gS rks /ku esa o`f) gksrh gS] ?kj esa vf/kd lEifRr vkrh gSA tgk¡ /ku gS ogk¡ le`f) gS vkSj tgk¡ le`f) gS ogk¡ y{eh gSA ;fn fdlku ls iwNk tk; rks LokHkkfod gS fd og ;gh dgsxk fd y{eh th mYyw ij lokj gksdj mlds ?kj vkrh gSa vr: nsoh y{eh dk okgu mYyw gh gksuk pkfg,A blls ijs ,d vU; egRoiw.kZ dkj.k Hkh gS ftlls mYyw us ;g LFkku çkIr fd;k gSA ftl çdkj mYyw ds ikl ls xqt+j tkus dk vkHkkl ugha gksrk gS mlh çdkj y{ehth dc vkrh gaS] dc pyh tkrh gSa ;k fQj dc vk;saxh] dh lwpuk fey ikuk Hkh lEHko ugha gSA
y{eh ds vkxeu dks /ku ,oa le`f) dk ek/;e crk;k x;k gSA /ku ,oa laifÙk tc Hkh vf/kdrk ls vkrh gS rks O;fä dh –f"V vius vki Hkzfer gks tkrh gS vkSj vgadkjo'k mldh lksp /kqa/kyh iM+ tkrh gSA Kku ds vHkko esa og thou ds okLrfod lR; dks ns[kus dh {kerk [kks nsrk gSA mYyw ds lanHkZ esa mldk tks lkekftd Lo:i gS] og ;g Hkh crkrk gS fd y{eh O;fä dks vf/kd /ku nsdj ew<+ dj nsrh gSaA bUgha dkj.kksa ls ;|fi y{eh /ku ,oa
tks x#M+ ij fojkteku] la;eh ,oa /kS;Zoku gSaA
le`f) dh nsoh Lohdkjh x;h gS] gekjs _f"k&eqfu;ksa us ewyr: mUgsa ekufld le`f) ds :i esa ekuk gSA çkFkZuk ;gh gks fd tgk¡ y{eh gksa ogk¡ ljLorh dk okl vo'; gksA papyk y{eh dh dkeuk Hkxou fo".kq ds lkFk gh djuh pkfg,
nsorkvksa ds okgu i'kq&i{kh gksuks ds vU; dkj.kksa esa ç—fr dk larqyu rFkk mldh lqj{kk ,d vR;ar egRoiw.kZ dkj.k gSA vkt Hkh y{eh th dk okgu gksus ds ckotwn mYyw dks 'kqHk ugha ekuk tkrkA mldks fu'kkpj ekurs gaS vkSj lqUnj if{k;ksa esa mldh x.kuk ugha dh tkrh gSA mYyw dks [kaMgjksa esa jgus okyk vi'kdquh i{kh ekuk tkrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd mldh vkokt+ Hkh ,d vi'kdqu gSA bUgha dkj.kksa ls lekt esa mYyw ds çfr çse vkSj lgkuqHkwfr ds ctk; ?k`.kk dk Hkko çFke gSA laHkor% ç—fr dk larqyu cuk, j[kus ds fy, vkSj mYyw ds çfr lekt dh bl Hkkouk dks lq/kkjus gsrq gekjs _f"k&eqfu;ksa us mYyw dks y{ehth dk okgu cuk;k ftlls mls Hkh çse vkSj lkSgknzZz ls ns[kk tk lds A
vuqjkx flag pkSgku
oRlyk feJklkeqnkf;d jsfM;ks dsUnz
nkfeuhiyd ewanrs gh nkfeuh rks dHkh xqfM+;k utj vkrh gS]flldrh] ne rksMrh esjh laLd`fr ut+j vkrh gSA
Hkkjr ekrk dh laLdkjh ikou /kjk&Hkwfe ij vkt]Ekkrk dh nqykjh] nkeu viuk cpkrh ut+j vkrh gSA
_f”k;kas dh riksHkwfe esa] ekrk dk Lo:i Fkh ukjh]gn nkuork dh ns[kks] eka] ekr`Ro cpkrh ut+j vkrh gSA
euksfod`fr dgsa ;k ekuo dh ekuork dk fo?kVu]bUlkfu;r esjs ns’k dh vc] utjas pqjkrh ut+j vkrh gSA
iyd ewanrs gh nkfeuh rks dHkh xqfM+;k ut+j vkrh gS]flldrh] ne rksM+rh esjh laLd`fr ut+j vkrh gSA
ogf’k;r dk uaxk ukp pkjks vksj] ukp jgk gS nq:’kklu]cpk ldss cgu dks viuh] lwjr d`".k dh ugha ut+j vkrh gSA
uk le>uk detksj cscl] uk vcyk] vc ukjh dks]mBk ds ryokj y{ehckbZ lh oks ut+j vkrh gSA
cnyuk gksxk jk{kl rq>dks vc] dgrk gs] ;s ^jkt* ojuk lwjr esa nkfeuh dh vc] nqxkZ ut+j vkrh gSA
iyd ewanrs gh nkfeuh rks dHkh xqfM+;k utj vkrh gS]flldrh] ne rksM+rh esjh laLd`fr ut+j vkrh gSA
28
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k
;k=k % ,d fogaxe fopkj;k=k! Hkyk ;g Hkh dksbZ fo”k; gS\ ,d furkUr vFkZghu] vrkfdZd] csne vkSj cksfjax fo”k;( ij cgqrksa ds fy;s vrho #fpdj] jksekapiw.kZ] ftKklke;] dqrwgy;qDr( rks dqN ds fy;s drbZ fujis{krk&rVLFkrk dk fo”k;A ;k=k vUrr% gS D;k\ bls fdl vFkZ esa ysuk pkfg,\ blds D;k fHkUukFkZ o izdkj gaS\ ;g vke yksxksa dh le> okys ns'kkVu dk i;kZ; gS] rhFkkZVu gS] gt ;k=k gS] oSfVdu esa eRFkk Vsduk gS( ;k ;g tu&lkekU; }kjk lk/kkj.k rkSj ij tkuh&le>h tkus okyh ij fcuk laKk okyh lkekU; thou&;k=k gS ;k bl /kjk&czák.M esa bZ'ojh d`ik ds :i esa loZ= izlfjr izd`fr ds vxe] vxk/k] foLr`r lkezkT; ds uSlfxZx] vuqie] vizfre lkSUn;Z vFkok l`f”V ds tSfod&HkkSxksfyd oSfo/; ds mn~cks?k o vUos”k.k dk O;ogkjxr iz;kl gSA euq”; dh LokHkkfod ftKklk izd`fr dh ifjf.kfr gS ;k fut&vfLrRo vkSj mlds vcw> l`tudrkZ ije fu;ked ijefirk o vxkspj ikjes'ojh lÙkk dh [kkst gsrq vk/;kfRed iFk dk vuq'khyu gSA fuLlUnsg dgk tk ldrk gS fd ;s lHkh Lo;a esa i`Fkd ,oa fof'k”V izdkj dh ;k=k;sa gaS ftUgsa ekuo vius ekul o vUrl ds euksHkkoksa o lksp dh fn'kk ds vuq:i dksbZ 'kh”kZd ns nsrk gS vkSj fQj rnuq:i mlh ifjek.k esa rnk'k; dh lq[kkuqHkwfr&larqf”V izkIr djrk gSA
oSls ns[kk tk, rks lalkj ds cgqla[; ;k dgsa fd yxHkx 98% yksx thou dks lkekU; :i ls thus] vius thou ls izR;{k&vizR;{k lEc) ik=ksa o thou ds izfr eksVs nkf;Rokas ds fuHkkus dks gh viuh ;k=k le>rs gSa ftls nwljs vFkksZ eas yksx thou&;k=k ds :i es tkurs gSa( Hkys gh viuh lksp esa vutkus os bls dfFkr vk'k; dk lEcks/ku u nsrs gksaA ijUrq dBksj lR; ;gh gS fd ekuo leqnk; dk ;g ogh NksVk lewg gS tks ;FkkFkZ esa thou esa ;k=k ds fofo/k vk;keksa dks lkFkZd djrs gq, mUgsa ,d lkdkj :i iznku djrk gS ,oa rRØe esa viuh foLe; Hkjh jkseakpd [kkstksa&miyfC/k;ksa ls lalkj ds cgqla[; leqnk; dks dqN vn~Hkqr tSlk iznku dj mls tc&rc pfdr vkSj peRd`r djrk jgrk gSaA
ekuk tk ldrk gS fd vf/kdak'k yksxksa ds fy;s ;k=k oLrqr% ns'kkVu gS tks euq”; fdlh u fdlh dkj.k lEikfnr djrk gSa ijUrq ;s ;k=k;sa izR;{kr% lalkj ds mu {ks=ksa dks vko`Rr djrh gSa tgk¡ ds ckjs es vke yksxksa ls tkudj] lqudj vFkok dgha ls i<+dj og Lo;a ogk¡ tkus ds fy, mRdafBr gks mBrk gS( ogha dqN yksx ,sls gksrs gSa tks viuh LokHkkfod ftKklk] dqrwgy] jksekap o mUekn ds o'khHkwr~ vFkok dqN dj xqtjus ;k dqN u;k [kkstus ds Hkko ls mRizsfjr gksdj ;k=kFkZ m|r gks tkrs gaS Hkys gh ,sls xUrO; LFky nqxZe&nqLrj D;ksa u gksa( ogha dqN yksxksa dks ;s ;k=k;sa lSU; /keZ] lsok/keZ vFkok jkt/keZ ds dkj.k djuh iM+rh gSaA ysfdu eksVs rkSj ij ns[kk tk, rks lalkj ds vf/kla[; yksx ;k=kvksa eas lkekU;r% lqj{kk vkSj lqxerk dks gh loksZifj LFkku nsrs gaS vkSj os cl lqjf{kr] lgt] tkus&igpkuas o lqus&lquk;s LFkkuksa ij gh ;k=k dks ojh;rk nsrs gSaA rFkkfi dgk tk;s rks og ;k=k gh D;k ftlesa lkekU; ls gVdj dqN jksekap u gks] ;k=h ds vUr: esa xUos”k.k&vUos”k.k dk mn~nhiu u gks] dqN [kkstus dh yyd ;k tu&lkekU; ds le{k dqN u;k izLrqr djus vkSj yhd ls gVdj djus dk m|e u lekfgr gksA ,slk u gksrk rks lalkj esa D;ksadj dksyEcl] okLdksfMxkek] àsulkax] Qkáku] ekdksZiksyks tSls ik= bfrgkl cu&cuk ikrs] D;ksadj xqyhoj] flUnckn tSls dFkkik= vejRo izkIr dj ikrs] D;ksadj yksx lkbcsfj;k] v.VkdZfVdk] /kqzo izns'kkas es ;k=k dk lkgl tqVk ikrs vkSj D;ksa dj pUnz] eaxy] 'kqØ tSls xzgksa&mixzgksa rFkk vUrfj{k esa ;k=k djus dk tksf[ke ys ikrs\
vr,o gekjs bl fopkj dk fo”k; rhFkkZVu] lkekU; ns'kkVu ;k lgt&lqxe LFkkuksa dk ifjHkze.k rks fu'p; gh ugha gS( izR;qr ;fn blesa dqN gS rks og lalkj dk vkg~ykndkjh] vuks[kk] HkkSxksfyd oSfo?; gS] izd`fr dh lqjE;] je.khd o euksgkjh NVk dk vuUr foLrkj gS] i`Foh ds /kzqoh; izns'kksa dk v{kq..k vkd”kZ.k gS] egklkxjksa dh mifjorhZ mÙkky rjaxsa gaS] muds xHkZ esa O;kIr vn~Hkqr okuLifrd o [kfut dks”k] tho&tUrqvksa dh vlhe fofo/krk ,oa muds xHkZ esa fojks/kkHkklh rRoksa dh ,d lkFk fo|ekurk gS( ijUrq bu lcls ijs euq”; }kjk Lo;a ds jgL;e; vUr: dh [kkst ds mlds iz;kl, bR;kfn&bR;kfn Hkh gSaA bfrgkl lk{kh gS fd vrhr eas Hkkjr ds vkfFkZd pjeksRd”kZ dh dFkk;sa&xkFkk;sa nwj&nwj rd QSyh Fkha o lEiw.kZ fo'o bldh le`f) dh nUr&dFkkvksa ls lqokflr FkkA blh i`”BHkwfe us okLdksfMxkek dks nwjLFk ;wjksi ls ;k=k djkrs gq;s vUrr% mls mlds vHkh”B y{;] HkkjrHkwfe rd igq¡pk fn;kA ogha Hkkjr dh gh [kkst ds fy;s fudys dksyEcl dh ;k=k us mls Hkkjr ds LFkku ij vUrr% vesfjdh egk}hi ig¡qpk fn;k ftls og izFker% Hkkjro”kZ gh le>k FkkA blls gVdj fldUnj rFkk paxst [kka ds mnkgj.k gSa ftUgksus dfFkr :i ls fo'o-fot; ,oa egRokdak{kh lSU; vfHk;kuksa ds flyflys esa vius lEiw.kZ lSU; ny ds lkFk Øe'k% ;wjksi ls Hkkjro”kZ rd rFkk phu ls ;wjksi&fczVsu rd dh ;k=k;sa dj Mkyh Fkha] ;|fi buesa ;k=k ds dfFkr lnqís'; fdlh izdkj Hkh lfUufgr ugha FksA
29
lkfgR; ;k=k ys[k
;g loZfofnr gS fd mRrj /kzqoh; ifj{ks= ¼blh izdkj nf{k.k /kzqoh; Hkh½ lEHkor% lnSo ls fgekPNkfnr jgs gSa( fdUrq ;g vuk;kl ugha gS fd mlds fgelkxjh; izHkko ls fczVsu o tkiku rFkk muds fudVLFk {ks= ek= bl dkj.k fge{ks= cuus ls cp x;s fd vU/k&egklkxj vkSj iz'kkUr egklkxj ¼vVykf.Vd rFkk iSflfQd vks'ku½ esa fujUrj cgus okyh ySCkzksMksj] xzhuyS.M o D;wjkby tSlh 'khr/kkjkvksa ds lkFk&lkFk mudh fojks/kkHkklh xYQLVªhe] ukosZbu] vykLdk vkSj D;wjkslhoks tSlh m”.k&/kkjk;sa Hkh iw.kZ rhozrk ds lkFk ogk¡ izokfgr gksrh gSaA ;g loZekU; rF; gS fd ;s m”.k&/kkjk;sa mi;qZDr ns'kksa o {ks=kas ds fy;s ekuks thou&nkf;uh gh gSaA egklkxjksa ds xHkZ esa fo|eku izd`fr dk ;g fojks/kkHkklh pfj= ugha rks vkSj D;k gS fd muesa ,d /kkjk ;fn ,d fn'kk esa cgrh gS rks mlh ds lfUudV ;k lekukUrj nwljh /kkjk foijhr fn'kk easA bu /kkjkvksa dk ;g pfj= euq”; o lalkj ds fy;s oLrqr% vn~Hkqr migkj ;k ojnku gh gSA bUgha egklkxjksa eas jers tho&tUrqvksa dk fo'kky] vuUr vkSj fofo/krk Hkjk lewg rks lHkh ds fy, tSls lnk jksekap dk fo”k; jgk gS] tc fd mueas fo|eku ouLifr;ksa o [kfut lEinkvksa dh [kkst euq”; vc rd yxHkx uk ds cjkcj gh dj ik;k gS vkSj ftlds fy;s fo'o Hkj ds u tkus fdrus ns'kksa ds [kksft;ksa dh ;k=k;sa lrr tkjh gaSAbuls gVdj i`Foh ds LFkyh; {ks= gSa tgk¡ dh ;k=kvksa us yksxks dks u dsoy fujUrj jksekafpr fd;k gS oju~ vusd ckj mUgsa grizHk Hkh fd;k gSA bUgha ;k=kvks ds vuqØe esa euq”; us u tkus fdruh ckj vius izk.kksa dh vkgqfr Hkh nh gSa ftuds ifj.kkeLo:i mls nf{k.k vesfjdk dh vestu unh o mlds uke ls gh fo[;kr fo'kky vestu ou&{ks= dh tkudkjh gks ik;hA bl vestu {ks= ds l?ku ou o mldh vdwr ou&lEink euq”; ds fy;s vc rd jgL;e;h cuh gqbZ gSA ;g vestu unh ds prqfnZd QSyk fo'kky ou {ks= gh gS tgk¡ ekuoHk{kh o`{k ik;s tkrs gSa ftUgkasus vusd lRlkglh ;kf=;kas dks lnk ds fy;s fuxy fy;kA ogha nf{k.k vesfjdh egk}hi ds gh if'peh rV fLFkr ,s.Mht ioZr dh ,oa mRrjh vesfjdh egk}hi ds if'pe ds la;qä jkT; vesfjdk ds ,jhtksuk jkT; esa fLFkr xzS.M dSU;u jkWDl( tks izd`fr ds lkr vk'p;ksZ eas ls ,d gS] dh fo'ofo[;kr J`a[kyk;sa gSa tks ;k=k ds lnk loZnk ls LFkk;h vkd”kZ.k dsUnz gSaA nwljh vksj vÝhdk egk}hi fLFkr fo'o dk fo'kkyre lgkjk e:LFky gS tgk¡ fczVsu dh NksVh lh lSU; VqdM+h ds foLe;dkjh pØO;wg us f}rh; fo'o;q) ds nkSjku fgVyj ds nqnkZUr lg;ksxh fgeyj dh ml {ks= esa ;q) gsrq jph x;h lEiw.kZ O;wgjpuk dks iw.kZr;k /oLr o ijkHkwr dj fn;k FkkA blh Hkk¡fr vU/k egklkxj esa mRrj /kzqoh; {ks= ds fudVorhZ xzhuyS.M o vkblyS.M ds fpjUru fge{ks= gSa tgk¡ lSykfu;ksa dh ;k=k&fiiklk dHkh r`Ir ugha gksrhA blh lkxj ds nf{k.k dk lehiLFk {ks= gS tks xYQLVªhe tSlh m”.k /kkjk ds lEidZ ls lnk&loZnk xgure dksgjs ls vkPNkfnr jgrk gS vkSj ftlds vkxkj esa nwj&nwj rd QSyh rh{.k uqdhyh pÍkusa gSa ftuls Vdjkdj vc rd u tkus fdrus ty;ku viuh ;k=k ds nkSjku fou”V gks x;s vFkok mlds vxe ry esa lek x;sA ifj.kkeLo:i bu ty;kuksa dks mDr pÍkuksa ds [krjs ls
“ izdk'k LrEHkkas” dh O;oLFkk djuh iM+hA dgk tk lpsr djus gsrq
euq”; dk s vUrr% ogk¡
ldrk gS fd lEiw.kZ i`Foh ij ,sls u tkus fdrus LFkyh; {ks= gSa tks viuh izkd`frd je.kh;rk] ekuo fufeZr voLFkkiuksa rFkk ,sfrgkfld&/kkfeZd i`”BHkwfe esa lSykfu;ksa dks lnk&loZnk ls ogk¡ dh ;k=kFkZ vkeU=.k nsrs jgs gSaAogha ekuo&ek= ds lRlkgl dh ;g ijkdk”Bk gh gS fd mlus lqnwj vU;kU; xzgksa esa thou dh [kkst ds fufeÙk vcw> vUrfj{k eas Hkh Nykax yxk Mkyh vkSj rnuqØe esa geus ;wjh xkxfju] uhy vkeZLVªakx rFkk dYiuk pkoyk tSls vej bfrgkl ik=kas dks vius thou dky es gh ns[k fy;kA buesa ls dYiuk pkoyk ds fy;s rks gesa vius vUrl es vfrfjDr xokZuqHkwfr gksrh gS D;ksafd os fdlh u fdlh izdkj Hkkjr ls lEc) FkhaA blh izdkj nf{k.k v.VkdZfVd esa ukuk 'kks/kks ds Øe esa fo'o ds vusd ns'kksa ds tks vfHk;ku ny vuojr ;k=kjr gaS] mueas Hkkjrh; izfrfuf/kRo fuLlansg viuh fujUrjrk ls fof'k”V LFkku j[krk gSA bl lUnHkZ esa lj vusZLV 'kSfdYVu dh 1914 ls 1917 dh vof/k esa bEihfj;y VªkUl&vVykafVd vfHk;ku ;k=k dk mYys[k loZFkk lehphu gS ftlesa mudk lEiw.kZ vfHk;ku ny e`R;q ds lqfuf'pr xky ls vfHk;ku dks lQyrkiwoZd lEiUu djrs gq, cpus esa lQy jgk FkkAvc fopkj dk fcanq ;g gS fd mifjof.kZr ukuk izdkj dh ;k=kvkas esa ls dkSu lh ;k=k Js;”dj gS\ ;fn ;g HkkSfrd txr dh ;k=k gS] rks ;g mldks p;fur djus okys ik= dk viuk bfPNr vHkh”B gSA blh izdkj vU;kU; izdkj dh ;k=k;sa] ;k=k djus okys O;fDr ds vius oS;fDrd fu.kZ; dk izfrQy gksrh gSaA ijUrq bl rF; ij dnkfpr gh fookn gks fd thou ds ewy rFkk mlds jgL;e; xw<+kFkZ dh [kkst dsoy v/;kRe iFk dh ;k=k ls gh lqxe gSA vr,o] ys[kd ds vfHker esa lPps ;k=h rks os gh gSa tks v/;kRe&iFk ds vuq'khyu dks vius thou dk ,dek= y{; cukdj vkxs c<+rs gSaA ;|fi ,sls ;k=h ftUgsa vU;Fkk ge lk/kd dh laKk nsrs gSa] vkSj tks vius y{; ds vuqJo.k esa xEHkhjrk ls iz;kljr gaS] cgqla[; Hkys gh u gksa ysfdu mudh bl lkekU; vo/kkj.kk] fd ;g lEiw.kZ txr ,oa bldh HkkSfrd izR;{krk dsoy u'oj gS] ls fdlh izdkj Hkh vlger ugha gqvk tk ldrk A bl ;k=k esa dqN lk/kd bZ'oj ds lkdkj :i ds vkjk/ku dk voyEc ysrs gaS rks vU; dqN mls fujkdkj ekudj vkxs c<+rs gaS] ogha dqN /;ku&lk/kuk ds ek/;e lsA eksVs :i ls dgk tk, rks bl ;k=k dk ,d iFk ckãlk/kuk dk gS rks nwljk vUrj&lk/kuk dk] ftls Kkuh tu vf/kd iz[kj] izHkkoh] nzqr&ifj.kkeh vkSj pje vHkh”B dh izkfIr eas vR;Ur 'kfDr'kkyh ekurs gSaA lPps Kkuh ;g Hkh ekurs gSa fd mi;qZDr eas ls f}rh; iFk dh ;k=k fdlh ln~xq# ds f'k”;Ro esa gh vrho lgt ,oa lqxe gksrh gSAvc ;g rks ikBdksa] O;fDr;ksa vkSj fopkjeuk yksxksa dk viuk fu.kZ; gSa fd mifjof.kZr vusd izdkj dh ;k=kvksa eas ls os fdls vf/kd Js;”dj ekurs gSaA rFkkfi ;g vis{kk vo'; gSa fd os tc Hkh fdlh ;k=k&iFk ij iz;k.k dh lkspsaxs] rks bl lUnHkZ esa mudk fu.kZ; fopkjiw.kZ ,oa foosd&lEer gksxkA
oh-ih-xqIrk Je lykgdkj fof/k izdks”B
30
lkfgR; ;k=k dgkuh
nf{k.k fcgkj ds xk¡oksa esa ,d vthc lh ckr lkekU;rr% ns[kus dks feyrh gSA gjsd xk¡o ds eqgkus is NksVh tkfr ds yksxksa dk eqgYyk gksrk gSA T;knkrj Mkse ;k eqlgj dkA esjh ek¡ ,d ckj cksy jgh Fkh irk ugha iqjkus t+ekus ds yksxksa dks D;k lw>k Fkk fd gjsd xk¡o ds eqgkus is Mkse tes gq, gSa] vkrs tkrs buds chp ls xqtjuk iM+rk gS] ges'kk Mj yxk jgrk gS irk ugha dkSu Nqvk tk;sA Mkseksa esa cM+s rks ,slk lkgl ugha djrs fd vkrs tkrs fdlh Åaph tkfr ds Hkys yksxksa esa lVus dh xyrh djsa ysfdu cPps xfy;ksa esa nkSM+rs jgrs gSaA vkSj dHkh&dHkh xyrh ls yksxksa dks Nw Hkh tkrs gSa vkSj fQj xkfy;ksa dh ckSNkj 'kq: gks tkrh gSA muds vLi`'; gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa dksbZ ekjrk rks ugha vkSj xkfy;ksa ls mu cPpksa dks dgk¡ dksbZ QdZ iM+rkA xkfy;k¡ nsus vkSj lquus dh rks mudks vknr gksrh gSA ?kj esa ek¡&cki dh xkyh] vxj cM+s HkkbZ&cgu gSa rks mudh xkyh vkSj vxj dksbZ cPpk dke is tkrk gks rks ogk¡ ekfyd dh xkyhA oSls esjs ikl ek¡ dh ckr dk Bhd tokc rks ugha Fkk ysfdu eq>s cpiu ls gh ,slk yxrk Fkk fd vxj xk¡o esa NksVh tkfr ds yksxksa dks dksbZ lqfo/kk feyh gS rks blesa Hkh cM+h tkfr ds yksxksa dk dksbZ u dksbZ LokFkZ t:j fl) gksrk gksxk vkSj blhfy, eSaus ek¡ dks ,d cpdkuk lk tokc ns fn;k Fkk fd vxj xk¡o is geyk gksxk rks lcls igys tku vkxs okys dh gh tk,xh t:j blfy, gjsd xk¡o ds eqgkus is Mkseksa dk eqgYyk gksrk gS ysfdu esjk xk¡o bl ekeys esa FkksM+k vyx gSA esjk xk¡o lM+d ds fdukjs&fdukjs dkQh nwj rd QSyk gqvk gS vkSj xk¡o dh pkSM+kbZ cgqr de gS vkSj lM+d ls xk¡o ds vUnj tkus ds fy, ntZuksa xfy;k¡ gSa blfy, dksbZ Hkh eqgYyk ,slk ugha gS ftlls gksdj lkjs xk¡o ds yksxksa dks tkuk iM+rk gksA ijUrq esjs ?kj okyh xyh ds eqgkus is yyu Mkse dk ?kj FkkA ijUrq mlds ?kj okys xk¡o esa cgqr de gh jgk djrs FksA bl vk/kqfudrk esa xk¡o esa Mkseksa ds fy, dke cpk gh ugha FkkA /kuckn esa mldh iRuh dk dksbZ lEcU/kh jgk djrk Fkk] ogk¡ dqN dke fey tkrk gksxk 'kk;nA ysfdu viuh tUeHkwfe ls lHkh dks I;kj gksrk gS] 'kk;n blfy, oks Hkh dHkh&dHkh xk¡o vk tkrk FkkA tc vkrk Fkk rks iSlk dekdj vkrk Fkk vkSj iSlk [kRe gksus is okil pyk tkrk FkkA tc Hkh vkrk Fkk xyh esa cgqr xUnxh QSyk nsrk FkkA ml le; mlds ?kj ds ikl ls vthc rjg dh lM+ka/k tSlh xa/k vkrh FkhA ysfdu tkus ls igys lkjh xUnxh lkQ djds tkrk FkkA BaM dk le; Fkk vkSj eSa ?kj ls fudy dj eq[; lM+d dh rjQ tk jgk FkkA ek¡ ikl ds gh fdlh ?kj esa x;h gqbZ FkhA esjh vknr Fkh fd tc Hkh dHkh ek¡ ?kj ls ckgj tkrh rks eSa xyh ds eqgkus is [kM+k gksdj ek¡ dk bart+kj djrk FkkA yyu ds ?kj ls yrk eaxs'kdj ds fdlh iqjkus xkus dh vkokt vk jgh FkhA mlds ?kj ds ikl ,d de ÅapkbZ dh nhokj Fkh] 'kke ds le; ftlij cSBdj ge yksx xIisa fd;k djrs FksA eSa mlh nhokj is cSB x;kA
xkuk lquus dk eq>s cpiu ls 'kkSd Fkk vkSj ml le; esjs ?kj esa ,d gh jsfM;ks Fkk ftlis ge yksx dHkh&dHkh xkuk lqu ikrs FksA cece flag dk cM+k csVk m/kj gh vk jgk Fkk] eq>s ns[kk rks oks Hkh ogha cSB x;kA eSaus mlls iwNk dh yyu dqN T;knk fnuksa rd fVdk gqvk gSA mlus crk;k Fkk dh yyu ds cM+s csVs dh 'kknh FkhA mlh le; esjk /;ku yyu ds cjkens dh vksj x;k tgk¡ pkj&ik¡p cPps 'kk;n [kkus ds fy, cSBs gq, FksA eq>s irk Fkk fd yyu dks nks csVk vkSj ,d gh csVh Fks] tks mrus NksVs ugha FksA iwNus is irk pyk fd vxys gh fnu 'kknh Fkh] eryc cPps 'kknh esa vk;s gq, yksxksa ds FksA cPpksa ds iÙky esa nky vkSj pkoy rks 'kk;n i;kZIr ek=k esa Fks ysfdu lCth dh deh Fkh] blfy, cPps vkil esa >xM+ jgs FksA ikiM+ Hkh Fkk 'kk;n vkSj cPps ,d nwljs dks feys ikiM+ ds VqdM+s fxu jgs FksA lcdks yx jgk Fkk fd mlds iÙky esa lcls de VqdM+s gSaA mUgsa ns[kdj eq>s viuk cpiu ;kn vk x;k tc ge HkkbZ cgu Hkh blh rjg dksbZ vPNh pht [kkus ds fy, yM+k djrs FksA rHkh vpkud eryw flag yyu ds njokts ds ikl fn[kkbZ fn;kA cece flag ds csVs ls etkd esa cksyk] ns[kks! lh[kks blls dqN] tkfr ikafr Hkqyk dj Mkse ds ?kj Hkkst [kkus tk jgk gSA eryw flag tks viuh cnrehth ds fy, çfl) Fkk] yyu dks cM+s I;kj ls vkokt ns jgk FkkA rHkh ek¡ eq>s xyh ds Nksj ls vkrs gq, fn[kkbZ nhA ek¡ tc vkbZ rks mUgsa yxk fd eSa muds lkFk ?kj tkÅaxkA ysfdu eSaus dgk fd vki tkb, eSa vk jgk gw¡A tc ek¡ xbZ rks eSa /khjs&/khjs yyu ds ?kj dh vksj pyk vkSj bruh nwjh is tkdj #dk tgk¡ ls mudh ckr&phr lquh tk ldrh FkhAeryw flag us FkksM+h nsj rd b/kj m/kj dh ckr&phr ds ckn iwNk Fkk& 'kknh ds fy, feBkbZ [kjhn fy;k D;k \yyu& ugha ekfyd! vHkh dgk¡ [kjhns- eryw& rks [kjhn yks-yyu& gk¡] ns[krs gSa-eryw& oSls fdruk [kjhnuk gS \yyu& ;gh dksbZ 14 fdyks-eryw& brus ls dke py tk;sxk\yyu& gk¡ ekfyd! 29 gh rks yksx gSa-eryw& Bhd gS rks eSa pyrk gw¡-
cqafn;k
31
lkfgR; ;k=k dgkuh
bruk dgdj eryw flag ogka ls FkksMk vkxs f[kld x;s oSls ;g ckr cM+h vthc yxh fd eryw flag bruh lh ckr iwNus ds fy, mlds ?kj rd vk;sA eSa ;gh lksp jgk Fkk rHkh eryw flag iyVk vkSj cksyk&oSls pkgks rks eq>ls Hkh [kjhn ldrs gksA yyu&ysfdu ekfyd vki dc feBkbZ dh nwdku [kksys\ eSa Hkh lkspus yxk fd eryw flag dSls mls feBkbZ cspsxkAeryw&vjs ughaA vkt oks esjs csVs dk tUefnu gS rks cqafn;k T;knk vk x;k lks vxj [kjhnuk gS rks cksyksAyyu FkksM+h nsj lkspdj cksyk&vPNk dher D;k gS \eryw&vc dher D;k\ ge fcftusl FkksM+s dj jgs gSaA cktkj dk tks Hkko gS oks ns nsukA ckn esa Hkh ns ldrs gks vHkh dksbZ t#jh ugha gSAvc ;g dksbZ Hkh le> ldrk Fkk fd dksbZ Hkh tUe fnu is bruh feBkbZ ugha e¡xk ysrk gS fd cspuk iM+sA ckr rks yyu dh Hkh le> esa vk jgh Fkh vkSj eryw flag dh vkokt ls Hkh yx jgk Fkk fd oks cqafn;k fdlh Hkh rjg cspuk pkgrk FkkA yyu us mlls iwNus dh dksf'k'k Hkh dh] ysfdu eryw flag vius dke eSa ekfgj FkkA mlus vpkud ls cksyk fd vPNk pyks] ckt+kj ls 10 :i;s fdyks dk de ns nsukA yyu cksyk& ysfdu ekfyd vkidh feBkbZ rks cklh gksxhA ckr lkQ Fkh fd yyu vkSj de dher nsuk pkgrk FkkA FkksM+h nsj ckn ckt+kj ls çfr fdyks de is ckr iDdh gqbZ ftldk eryc Fkk cqafn;k yyu dks ckT+kkj dh vis{kk rhu&pkSFkkbZ dher esa fey jgh FkhA blds ckn mlus lkspus dh dksf'k'k ugha dh fd vkf[kj D;ksa eryw flag mls bruh lLrh cqafn;k csp jgk FkkA eSaus ?kj tkdj lkjh ckr ek¡ dks crkbZA ysfdu ek¡ dks ns[kdj ugha yx jgk Fkk fd oks esjh ckrksa dks xaHkhjrk ls lqu jgh FkhA eSaus ek¡ dks cksyk Fkk fd dqN uk dqN rks t#j xM+cM+ gSA jkr esa X;kjg cts vpkud ek¡ us eq>s txk;kA xk¡o esa dgha 'kksj gks jgk FkkA eSa Nr is x;k rks lkQ irk py jgk Fkk fd vkokt yyu ds ?kj ls vk jgh FkhA eSaus ns[kk fd vxy&cxy ds yksx yyu ds ?kj dh vksj tk jgs Fks rks eSa Hkh VkWpZ ysdj x;kA djhc vk/ks ?kaVs ckn eSa ykSVdj vk;k rks rks ek¡ dks ns[kdj irk py jgk Fkk fd ek¡ dks ?kVuk dh foLr`r tkudkjh fey pqdh FkhA eSa cksyuk pkg jgk Fkk fd vki ds fy, rks vPNk gh gqvk uA vc rks yyu ;gk¡ okil vkus ls jgk vkSj vc vkidks xyh esa vkrs tkrs Nqvk tkus dk Mj Hkh ugha jgsxkA ysfdu ek¡ ds pgjs dks ns[kdj cksyus dk lkgl ugha gqvkA vxys fnu lekpkj&i= esa Nik FkkA “bUnqiqj xk¡o ds ,d gh ?kj esa 'kknh
ds volj is tgjhyh cqafn;k [kkus ls?„ yksxksa dh ekSr vkSj 6 xaHkhj
gkyr esa vLirky esa HkrhZA xk¡o dk gh eryw flag fxj¶rkjA” /khjs&/khjs xk¡o esa ;g ckr QSy xbZ fd eryw flag us Mkse dks oks cqafn;k csp nh ftles xyrh ls dhVuk'kd fxj xbZ FkhA
lPpk fe=
fe= dks ca/kq] l[kk ;k nksLr Hkh dgrs gSaA tks lgk;d gks] lq[k&nq[k dk
lkFkh gks vkSj 'kqHkfpard gks] ogh lPpk fe= gSA gj le; lkFk jgus
okyk euksjatu ds vk;kstuksa esa lgHkkfxrk djus okyk vkSj cM+h e/kqj
rFkk yPNsnkj Hkk"kk esa vkids lkFk cfr;kusokyk vkidk fe= Hkh gks]
;g vko';d ugha gSA ,slk Hkh gks ldrk gS fd dksbZ O;fä gels
dHkh&dHkkj gh feyrk gks] ysfdu tc&rc gekjs fgr ds ckjs esa fparu
djrk gksA ;g Hkh laHko gS fd ,slk O;fä ckrphr esa gesa vius cgqr
fudV u yxsA tks O;fä Nk;k dh rjg gekjs pkjksa rjQ e¡Mjkrs jgrs
gSa vkSj tks dHkh&dHkkj fdlh [kkl edln ls gels HksaV djrs gSa&bu
nks fHkUu ç—fr ds yksxksa ds ckjs esa ge dSls tku ldsaxs fd dkSu gekjk
fgrS"kh ;k fe= gS vkSj dkSu ,slk O;fä gS tks viuh LokFkZ flf) ds
fy, gels laidZ cuk, j[krk gSA blh ckr dh dlkSVh gS foink ;kuh
foifÙkA tc gekjs ikl /ku&nkSyr] in vkSj vf/kdkj gksrs gSa] rc rks
dksbZ Hkh fe=rk dk gkFk c<+k,xk] ysfdu bu lcds fNu tkus ij vkSj
LokLF; dk ºzkl gks tkus ij tks gekjk lkFk nsrk jgsxk] fe= dsoy ge
mls gh dgsaxsA fe=rk nw/k vkSj ikuh dh nsf[k,! nw/k dks fdruk gh
rikrs jfg,] ikuh mldk lkFk ugha NksM+sxk&vius vfLrRo dks u"V
djds og nw/k dks vkSj xk<+k djrk tk,xkA ikuh vkSj ehu dh fe=rk
dks nsf[k,! ikuh dk fcNksg mls cjnk'r ugha gS&og rM+i&rM+idj
vius çk.k R;kx nsrh gSA dfooj rqylhnkl us Hkh dgk gS&/kS;Z] /keZ]
fe= vkSj ukjh dh ij[k foifÙk dky esa gh gksrh gSA firk] iq=] HkkbZ]
cgu] lgikBh] lgdehZ] laca/kh&dksbZ Hkh fe= dh Hkwfedk dk fuokZg
dj ldrk gSA buesa ls tks Hkh O;fä thou ds ladVdky esa gekjs lkFk
jgrk gS ogh gekjk lPpk fe= gSA dfooj jghe us Hkh foifÙk dks lPps
fe= dh igpku dlkSVh crk;k gS&
iou lSuh
jfgeu foink gw Hkyh tks FkksM+s fnu gks;A
fgr vufgr ;k txr esa tku iM+r lc dks;AA
‘kks/k Nk=
32
ljksdkj ân; jksx – dkj.k ,oa funku
funku &
D;k djsa &
mez dh vkSlr vk;q ds c<+us vkSj vfu;fer thou 'kSyh esa ifjorZu ds dkj.k vkt vusd çdkj dh ubZ&ubZ vkSj ?kkrd chekfj;ksa dk tUe gqvk gSA ân;&jksx ,d ,slh gh chekjh gS tks bDdhloha lnh esa e`R;q dk ,d egRoiw.kZ dkj.k cudj mHkj jgh gSA bldk mipkj Hkh eg¡xk gS vkSj dbZ ckj vPNh ls vPNh fpfdRlk lqfo/kkvksa ds jgrs gq, Hkh ge ân;&jksx ls xzflr O;fä dks dky dk xzkl cuus ls ugha jksd ikrsA vPNh ckr ;g gS fd thou 'kSyh ds cnyko ls blls dkQh gn rd cpk tk ldrk gS ân; jksx dk çeq[k dkj.k gS ruko vkSj ruko ds vusdksa dkj.k gSaA tSls:
vM+kslh&iM+kslh dh lq[k&lqfo/kk ,oa lalk/kuksa ls viuh rqyuk djuk rFkk vkxs c<us dh gksM+ ds dkj.k xyr ekxZ dk vuqlj.k djukA
Vh-oh-] ohfM;ks xse] eksckby Qksu] u;s&u;s QS'ku dh udy djuk rFkk fujFkZd le; cjckn djukAfoKkiu ls çsfjr gksdj xyr [kku&iku] jgu&lgu vkfn ds çfr vkdf"kZr gksuk vkSj vuqfpr vkgkj&O;ogkj
djukAfQYe] QS'ku] QwM foKkiu vkfn dh udy djuk] tks LokLF; ,oa pfj= nksuksa ds fy, uqdlkunsg gSAfu;fer] la;fer vkSj vuq'kkflr thoup;kZ dk loZFkk vHkkoALokLF; ,oa lqlaLdkj dh f'k{kk dk vHkkoAthou ds gj {ks= esa ;su&dsu&çdkjs.k vkxs c<+us dh [okfg'kAde ls de le; esa vf/kd ls vf/kd /ku&lEink vkSj HkkSfrd lqfo/kkvksa dh Hkw[kAvkRelarqf"V ds ctk; vR;f/kd dkeuk,a] bPNk ls vf/kd dh dYiuk] Øks/k dk gksuk] jkx] }s"k] bZ"~;k] ?k`.kk
vkfn gksukAbZ'oj ij fo'okl] bZekunkjh] lR;] vfgalk] n;k] {kek] lgu'khyrk vkfn ln~xq.kksa dk u gksukAifjokj vkSj lekt ds çfr nkf;Ro&cks/k dk vHkkoApSu ls vkufUnr gksdj fu;fer le; ij 'kq) lkfRod ikSf"Vd vkgkj&fogkj o de ls de 6 ?kaVs fuæk vkfn dk vHkkoA’kkjhfjd Je dk vHkko] ekufld fpark] ijs'kkuh] fuæk ,oa ikpu 'kfä dk de ls derj gksukA
mi;qZä vktdy dh lkekU; ckrsa gSa ftuds dkj.k O;fä cpiu ls gh ijs'kku jgus yxrk gS] QyLo:i 'kjhj dh cnkZ'r djus dh {kerk ¼bE;wfuVh½ ?kVus yxrh gS vkSj 35&40 o"kZ dh vk;q gksrs&gksrs vkneh 'kkjhfjd ,oa ekufld jksxksa ls xzLr gks tkrk gSA urhtru] fofHkUu dkj.kksa ls ân; jksx ls xzflr gks tkrk gSA
fcuk MkWDVj ds ikl tk, Hkh bldh jksdFkke lEHko gSA tSls blds dkj.k lkekftd vkSj euksoSKkfud gSa oSls gh bldh jksdFkke Hkh xSj&fpfdRldh; fof/k ls laHko gSA
fnup;kZ fu;fer djsa vFkkZr~ fuf'pr le; ij lks;sa&tkxsa rFkk larqfyr Hkkstu djsaAlarqfyr Hkkstu esa dkcksZgkbMªsV] çksVhu] olk] feujYl&lkYV ¼[kfut inkFkZ½] ekSle ds vuqlkj gjh 'kkd Hkkth rFkk Qyksa ls çkIr gksrs gSa] dk lsou djsaAolk ds :i esa rsy ?kh dh ek=k vf/kd ugha gksuh pkfg,A tks ekalkgkj u djus ls Hkh de gksxkAân; jksx ls xzflr O;fä fuR; lqcg&'kke 30 feuV rhoz xfr ls Vgysa] 'kkjhfjd o ;kSfxd O;k;ke djsa] çk.kk;ke djsa] /;ku djsaAfu;fer&CyM çs'kj ,oa 'kqxj dh tk¡p djk;saAvxj nok py jgh gS rks fu;fer :i ls ysrs jgsaAlqcg&lcsjs [kkyh isV yglqu ysrs jgsA4&5 cknke vFkok 2 v[kjksV fu;fer :Ik lss ysaAlqcg 'kke bZ'oj esa fo'okl ds lkFk 15 feuV ls 30 feuV rd 'kkar okrkoj.k esa /;ku djsaA
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ân; jksx 33
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bZekunkjh vkSj lkFkZd ifjJe ls tks dqN Hkh miktZu gks] mlh esa larq"V jgdj thus dh dyk viukosaA bPNkvksa dks foosd cqf) ds }kjk la;fer djsa rkfd vuko';d ruko ls eqä jg ldsaA Øks/k] yksHk] jkx] }s"k ls Hkjld cps jgsa rks lnSo gh çlUu jgsaxs vkSj çlUurk ls dHkh dksbZ d"V ugha gksrkA vius ifjokj ,oa lekt ds çfr nkf;Ro dk fuokZg djsaA ik'pkR; laL—fr dk ifjR;kx dj Hkkjrh; laL—fr dk gh vuqikyu o vuqlj.k djsa rFkk “losZ HkoUrq lqf[ku% losZ lUrq fujke;kA losZ Hkækf.k i';Urq] ek df'pn~ nq:[k HkkXHkosr~AA” vFkkZRk~ lc lq[kh gksa] lHkh fujksx gksa] lcdk Hkyk gks] dY;k.k eaxy gks] ;gh dkeuk bZ'oj ls djsasA
^vk;q"k* ds vUrxZr Hkkjr ljdkj us oSdfYid rFkk iwjd mipkjksa dh vksj dkQh /;ku fn;k gSA ;fn vki lko/kku jgsa rks thou 'kSyh vkSj O;ogkj esa ifjorZu ykdj vki Hkh ân; jksxksa ls dkQh lhek rd viuh j{kk dj ldrs gSaA iqjkus jksxksa ds funku vkSj muls tfur vU; leL;kvksa esa gksE;ksiSFkh dkQh dkjxj fpfdRlk Ik)fr fl) gqbZ gSA vko';drk iM+us ij gksE;ksiSFkh dk Hkh lgkjk ys ldrs gSaA gksE;ksiSFkh jksx dks lewy u"V djrh gS] ,yksiSFkh dh Hkk¡fr dsoy y{k.kksa dh lekfIr gh bldk y{; ugha gSAle; jgrs fdlh ;ksX; fpfdRld ls feysaA yksdfç; if=dkvksa] foKkiuksa vkSj gksE;ks-LVkslZ ds ijke'kZ ls Lo;a gh vkS"kf/k dk lsou u djsaA ,slk djus ij gkfu Hkh gks ldrh gSA blh gsrq ;gk¡ fdlh fo'ks"k vkS"kf/k dk uke ugha fn;k tk jgk gSA lHkh LoLFk ,oa çlUu jgsaA
MkW ,l ds feJk
gksE;ks fpfdRld
LokLF; dsUnz
ljksdkj ân; jksx
lu~ 1921 esa xk¡/khth us jk"Vªh; /ot ij ;ax bafM;k esa ,d ys[k fy[kk Fkk] mlesa Hkh xk¡/kh th us Hkkjr ds jk"Vªh; /ot ds oL= ds fy, [kknh dks
gh pquk FkkA dkj.k dksbZ Hkh jgk gks] ;gh fu.kZ; fy;k x;k fd jk"Vªh; /ot ds fuekZ.kkFkZ tks oL= mi;ksx esa yk;k tk,xk] og [kíj dk gksxk] pkgs
;g lwrh&Åuh ;k lwrh&js'keh [kknh dk gksAfo'ks"k fooj.k esa ;g Hkh crk;k fd /ot&fuekZ.k esa flykbZ ds fy, dke esa yk, tkus okys dsljh] lQsn o gjs jax ds /kkxs Hkh [kknh ds gh gksus
pkfg,A lHkh /kkxs vPNh rjg dkrs x, vkSj mesBs gq, gksus pkfg,A muesa dksbZ xk¡B ugha iM+h gksuh pkfg, rFkk muesa vU; dksbZ nks"k Hkh ugha gksuk
pkfg,A22 tqykbZ] 1947 dks lafo/kku lHkk ds lkeus ia- tokgjyky usg: }kjk jk"Vªh; /ot ds lkFk nks /ot&,d lwrh rFkk nwljk js'keh&[kknh dk Hkh
çLrko çLrqr fd;k x;k FkkA bu nksuksa /otksa esa ls lwrh /ot Fky lsuk dk;kZy; ds ek/;e ls Hkkjrh; laLFkku dks lkSai fn;k x;k FkkA bl ewy
/ot ds vuq:i o vk/kkj ij laLFkku us ml /ot ds jaxksa dh LisDVªksQksVkseSfVd ewY;kadu dkuiqj fLFkr rRdkyhu rduhdh MsoysiesaV
bLVsfCy'kesaV yscksjsVjh ¼LVkslZ½ dkuiqj esa] varjjk"Vªh; deh'ku 1931 }kjk fu/kkZfjr ekudksa ds vk/kkj bywesaV&lh dk mi;ksx djds fd;k vkSj
ml /ot ds jaxksa dk ewY;kadu ,oa C;ksjk bl çdkj fu/kkZfjr fd;k&
jax ,Dl (X) okbZ (Y) tsM (Z) ped %
Hkkjrh; dsljh 0.538 0.360 0.102 21.5 Hkkjrh; gjk 0.288 0.395 0.317 8.9 lQsn 0.313 0.319 0.368 72.6
og ewy /ot vc phQ baLisDVj] phQ baLisDVªsV vkWQ VsDlVkby ,aM Dyksfnax] dkuiqj esa lqjf{kr j[kk gSAvr: lHkh jktdh; >aMs vfuok;Zr Hkkjrh; ekud laLFkku }kjk fu;r mi;qZä fooj.k ds vuq:i gh cus gksus pkfg,A
:
jkspd tkudkjh
VªkbØksesfVd eku
lzksr& frjaxs dh xkSjo xkFkk] ys- dekaMj ds- oh- flag
34
laLFkku dh xfrfof/k;k¡ Nk;kfp= 35
36laLFkku dh xfrfof/k;k¡ Nk;kfp=
dfork
Hkk"kk foe'kZ ys[k
^Nan* ‘kCn dh O;qRifRRk ~* /kkrq ls ekuh x;h gSA bldk vFkZ vko`Rr djuk] jf{kr djuk rFkk izlUu djuk Hkh gksrk gSA izlUu djus ds gh vFkZ esa fu?kaqV esa ̂ Nan* /kkrq Hkh feyrh gSA dqN fo}kuksa dk er gS fd blh ls Nan ‘kCn dks lac) ekuuk vf/kd ;qfDrlaxr gSA dfork esa tc fuf’pr o.kZ vFkok ek=k dk fo/kku dj mldh l`f”V gksrh gS rks og l`f”V ^Nan* dgykrh gSA Nan dfork dh ckg~; oLrq gh ugha CkfYd mldk vko’;d vax Hkh gSA Nan dfo dh lgt vfHkO;fDr gksrh gSSSA Nan dfork dk varj laokjrk gqvk ckg~; dks Hkh laokjrk gSA ;|fi ;g fo”k; vkt Hkh fooknkLin gS fd Nan ds }kjk dkO; dk mRd”kZ gksrk gS ;k vid”kZA fdarq bruk vo’; gS fd Nan dfork dks ltkus dh ,d ‘kfDr gksrh gSA osn ds Ng vaxksa esa Nan Hkh ,d vax gSA fiaxykpk;Z ds ‘Nan%lw=* vkSj ‘vfXuiqjk.k* esa Nanksa ds nks foHkkx fd, x, gSa&,d oSfnd vkSj nwljk YkkSfddA oSfnd lkfgR; esa iz;qDr Nan YkkSfdd ekus x, gSaANanksa dh mRifRr] vkpk;Z ijaijk] Hksn&izHksn] xfr] y{k.k] mnkgj.k] oxhZdj.k vkfn fofo/k i{kksa dk fu:i.k djusokyk ‘kkL= ‘Nan ‘kkL=* ;k ‘fiaxy ‘kkL=* dgykrk gSA Nan ‘kkL= dh O;ofLFkr ijaijk dk lw+=ikr fiaxykpk;Z ds ‘Nanlw+=* ls gh ekuk tkrk gSA ftudk le; bZ. iw. 200 ds yxHkx dgk tkrk gSA blds vykok Hkjr ds ̂ ukV~; ‘kkL=*] ̂vfXuiqjk.k*] gyk;q/k d`r ^Nan‘kkL=*] {ksesanz d`r ^lqo`Rr fryd*] xaxknkl d`r ^Nankseatjh*] dsnkjHkê d`r ̂ o`Rr jRukdj* nkeksnj feJ d`r ̂ ok.kh Hkw”k.k* rFkk izkd`r xzaFk ̂izkd`r iSaxye~* vkfn xzaFkks esa Nanksa dh foLr`r PkpkZ gSAfganh Nan ‘kkL= ij jhfrdky esa vusd xzaFk fy[ks x,] ftuesa efrjke d`r ^Nanlkj fiaxy*] fparkef.k d`r ̂ Nan fopkj*] lq[knso d`r ̂ o`Rr fopkj*] ek[ku d`r ^Nan foykl*] ukjk;.k nkl d`r ^Nanlkj*] fHk[kkjhnkl d`r ^Nank.kZo* dykfuf/k d`r ^o`Rr pafnzdk*] iùkdj d`r ^Nan lkj eatjh*] xnk/kj Hkê dh ^Nankseatjh* rFkk txUukFk izlkn Hkkuq dk ^Nan izHkkdj* mYys[kuh; gSA bl rjg Nan ‘kkL= iz.k;u dh yxHkx v[kaM ijaijk orZeku le; rd pyh vkrh gqbZ fn[kk;h nsrh gSANan ,d izdkj dh dkO;&O;oLFkk Hkh gS ftlesa /ofu] o.kZ] ek=k] y?kq] xq# rqd] ;fr vkfn dh O;oLFkk dk fo/kku gksrk gSA fganh esa rhu izdkj ds Nan ekus tkrs gSa&of.kZd Nan] ekf=d Nan vkSj eqDr NanAof.kZd Nan mUgsa dgrs gSa ftuds izR;sd pj.k dk fuekZ.k o.kksZa ;k v{kjksa dh ,d fu;fer la[;k ,oa O;oLFkk ls gksrk gSA tSls&
banzotzk] misanzotzk] oaalrfrydk] oa’kLFk] lqanjh ;k euksje] eugj.k dfoRr] :i ?kuk{kjh] nso?kuk{kjh] rksVd] nzqrfcyafor] ekfyuh] eankdzkark] f’k[kj.kh] vuq”Vqi] eRrx;an] nqfeZy] Hkqtaxiz;kr vkfn izeq[k of.kZd Nan gaSAekf=d Nan esa ek=kvksa dk fuf’pr ,oa fu;fer fo/kku gksrk gSA blesa o.kksZa dh l[a;k de ;k vf/kd gks ldrh gS fdarq izR;sd iafDr esa mruh gh ek=k;sa gksaxh ftruh izFke esa gksaxhA tSls&
^Nn
^^lqfu eqfu jkbZ@tx lq[k nkbZ@dfg vc lksbZ@tsfg ;’k gksbZA**
’kf’k eq[k ij ?wka?kV Mkys vapy esa nhi fNik;sthou dh xks/kwyh esa dkSrwgy ls rqe vk;s**A
ekf=d Nanks esa pkSikbZ] jksyk] :iekyk] xhfrdk] gfjxhfrdk] cjoS] nksgk] dqMafy;k] lksjBk] mYykl] i)fj] NIi;] f=Hkaxh] rksej] vk;kZ vkfn izeq[k gSaAeqDr Nan esa u rks ek=k dk fo/kku gksrk gS vkSj u o.kksZa dkA blh ls bls eqDr Nan dgrs gSA blesa y; dk fo/kku jgrk gS tSls&
eqDr Nan ds igys izHkko’kkyh dfo fujkyk gSaA fujkyk us blds leZFku esa foLrkj ls fy[kk Hkh gSA fujkyk ds ckn eqDr Nan ds iz;ksx dk ekxZ iz’kLr gks x;k vkSj vkt ds vf/kdka’k dfo eqDr Nan esa gh dfork djrsa gSaANanks dh O;oLFkk esa o.kZ rFkk ek=k dh la[;k dk gh fopkj ugha fd;k tkrk vfirq mldh xfr Hkh ns[kuh iM+++rh gSA xfr dk vfHkizk; gS izokgA o.kksZa ds dze dks cny nsus ij mldh ek=kvksa rFkk o.kZ&la[;k esa rks dksbZ varj ugha iM+rk fdarq mldh xfr HkaXk gks tkrh gS vkSj mlds i<+us esa iwoZor~ vkuan ugha vkrk tSls&
;fn o.kksZa ds dze dks bl izdkj dj fn;k tk;s& rks blds i<+us esa igys tSlk vkuan ugha vk ldrkA
blh rjg Nan esa x.k dk Hkh egRo gksrk gSA rhu&rhu o.kksZa ds lewg dks x.k dgrsa gSaA o.kksZa ds y?kq vkSj nh?kZ ds fopkj ls x.kksa dh la[;k vkB ekuh x;h gSA
uked bl lw= esa fdlh Hkh x.k ds y?kq&xq: ds dze ljyrk ls Kkr gks tk,xkA ,d x.k rhu o.kksZa dk gksrk gSA ,d ckj rhu o.kZ ys ysus ij izFke v{kj ds uke ij x.k cu tk;sxkA blh izdkj vkBksa x.kksa ds Lo:i cu tkrsa gSa tSls ;x.k] ex.k] rx.k] jx.k vkfnAizR;sd Nan esa vusd LFkkuksa ij foJke vFkok fojke ds fu;e cus gksrsa gSa] tgka ij ikBd dh ftºok dks foJke izkIr gksrk gSA bUgha foJkeLFkyksa dks Nan‘kkL= esa ;fr dgk tkrk gS] tSls
;gka ij cSu ds ckn ;fr gSAfiaxy ds vuqlkj dqN o.kZ ‘kqHk vkSj v’kqHk dgs x;s gSaA d] [k] x] ?k] p] N] t] r] n] Q] u] ;] ‘k] l vkSj {k&;s ianzg o.kZ ‘kqHk dgs x;s gSa ‘ks”k 19 o.kZ v’kqHkA ftues ls o.kZ >] Hk] j] “k] vkSj &^g* cgqr gh v’kqHk dgs x;s gSaA mUgsa nX/kk{kj dgrsa gSaAbl rjg Nan ‘kkL= dk bfrgkl ftruk iqjkuk gS mldk Qyd mruk gh O;kidA ijarq vk/kqfud dky esa fiaxy ‘kkL= dk egRo rsth ls ?kVk gS vkSj vkt Nan esa ca/kdj dfork djusa okyksa dks fiNM+k le>k tkrk gSA laHko gS Hkfo”; esa iqu% Nanksa dh okilh gks D;ksafd vkt Nan&y;&foghu dfork dh nqfu;k fnu izfrfnu fleVrh tk jgh gSA
lanHkZ xzaFk& fganh vkykspuk dh ikfjHkkf"kd 'kCnkoyh1. fganh lkfgR; dks”k] Hkkx&1A2. Hkkjrh; lkfgR; ‘kkL= dks”k] MkW&jktoa’k lgk; ghjkA3. dkO;kax izdk’k] fot;iky flag4. Hkkjrh; dkO; ‘kkL=] ;ksxsanz izrki flagA5. dfork dh eqfDr] uanfd’kksj uoyA
^^chrh foHkkojh tkx jh@vEcj iu?kV esa Mqcks jgh@rkjk?kV Ŕkk ukxjh**A
^^fiz;ifr og esjk izk.k I;kjk dgka gS\**^^ esjk izk.k I;kjk og
fiz;ifr dgka gS\**
^;ekrkjktHkkulyxe~*
^lqfu dsoV ds cSu] izse yisVs vViVsA*
lkHkkj& MkW- vejukFk
Nan
37
dfork
Hkk"kk foe'kZ ys[k
fgUnh i=kpkj rFkk ljdkjh i= ds çdkj
ljyrk%
Li"Vrk%
laf{kIrrk%
f'k"Vrk%
çHkkoksRikndrk%
ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa esa lcls vf/kd ç;ksx i=kpkj dk gh fd;k tkrk gSA i= ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa esa mudh dk;Z&i)fr ,oa laçs"k.k&ç.kkyh dh jh<+ dh gìh dk dk;Z djrs gSaA dsUæh; ljdkj ds dk;kZy;ksa esa ç;qä i=ksa dh jpuk&çfØ;k] 'kSyh rFkk Hkk"kk dh viuh fof'k"V ijEijk o i)fr gksrh gSA lkekU;r% ljdkjh i= fof'k"V <jsZ ij pyrs gSa] Qyr% ;g /kkj.kk cyorh gksrh gS fd ,sls i=ksa esa u rks Lora= fopkjksa] Hkkoksa dk LFkku gksrk gS] u Lora= 'kSyh dk vkfo"dkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA ijUrq ;qx ifjorZu ds lkFk ftl çdkj 'kklu&ç.kkyh cnyrh gS] mlh çdkj mldh dk;Z&i)fr esa Hkh cnyko vkuk t:jh gSA bDdhloha lnh dh ngyht ij [kM+s Hkkjro"kZ esa vusd ifjorZu gks jgs gSaA ,sls esa nks lkS o"kZ iqjkuh 'kkldh; i)fr] mldh 'kSyh ,oa Hkk"kkfHkO;fä dks Hkh cnyuk vko';d gks tkrk gSA vr% ljdkjh i=kpkj ds :<+ ijEijkoknh <+jsZ dks cnydj Lora= 'kSyh ,oa ;qxkuq:i Hkk"kkfHkO;fä dks rjthg nh tkuh pkfg,A i=&O;ogkj ,d dyk gSA i=kpkj lEçs"k.k dk ,d tcjnLr ek/;e gh ugha] vfirq lEidZ dk çHkkoh lk/ku Hkh gSA vr% çHkko'kkyh i= fy[kus ds fy, dqN egRoiw.kZ fo'ks"krkvksa dh vksj /;ku nsuk vko';d gks tkrk gSA
vkn'kZ i=&ys[ku dh ,d çeq[k fo'ks"krk ;g gksrh gS fd og nqcksZ/k ugha gksrk] vFkkZr i= esa ljyrk dk gksuk furkar vko';d gSA i= }kjk dgh tkus okyh ckrksa ,oa rF;ksa dks lh/ks <ax ls vkSj Li"V :i ls dgk tkuk pkfg,A i= }kjk ikafMR;&çn'kZu ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
i= esa yEcs okD;&foU;kl rFkk vR;Ur dfBu 'kCnksa dk dHkh Hkh mi;ksx ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A /;ku jgs fd i= pkgs O;fäxr gks] ljdkjh gks ;k O;kikfjd&fo}rk&çdVhdj.k dk ek/;e ugha gSA i= rks çpfyr 'kCnksa vkSj NksVs&NksVs okD;ksa dh lgk;rk ls gh çHkkoiw.kZ cu ldrk gSA vr% i= esa Li"Vrk dk gksuk furkar vko';d gSA
dksbZ Hkh dk;kZy;hu i= laf{kIr gksuk cgqr t:jh gSA laf{kIrrk i= dh çHkkoksRikndrk dgh tk ldrh gSA ljdkjh i= esa vokarj ckrsa u fy[kdj lUnHkZ ,oa çlaxkuq:i dsoy vko';d ckrksa dks gh lh/ks <ax ls fy[kk tkuk pkfg,A i= esa ckrksa ,oa rF;ksa dks ?kqek&fQjkdj dgus vkSj ,d gh ckr dks ckj&ckj nksgjkus dh vko';drk ugha gSA
dk;kZy;hu i= gh ugha] vfirq lHkh çdkj ds i=&ys[ku dh Hkk"kk f'k"V rFkk fouez gksuh pkfg,A i= }kjk fdlh ckr dks udkjkRed Hkh dguk gks] rks mls fouezrkiwoZd gh dgk tkuk pkfg, A
'kkldh; i= esa Hkk"kk] in&foU;kl] okD;&foU;kl] fopkj rFkk Hkkoksa dh ,slh lqxfBr vfUofr gksuh pkfg, ftlls i= dk ,d ladfyr çHkko çsf"krh ds eu ij iM+ lds A i=&ys[ku esa çHkkoksRikndrk ykus ds fy, i=&ys[kd dks 'kkldh; dk;Zç.kkyh] ljdkjh uhfr rFkk lEcfU/kr fo"k; dh xgjh le> gksuh pkfg, A
ljdkjh i=kpkj ds çdkj dh tkudkjh gksuh pkfg,AdsUæh; ljdkj vFkok jkT; ljdkj ds fofHkUu dk;kZy;ksa esa vusd Lrjksa ij i=kpkj dk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A ljdkjh i=kpkj ds vusd çdkj gksrs gSa ftuesa çeq[k gS%
– ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa esa ljdkjh I= dk egRoiw.kZ LFkku gSA ljdkjh i=ksa dk ç;ksx fofHkUu dk;kZy;ksa]laLFkkvksa]fudk;ksa]fuxeksa] lkoZtfud m|ksxksa] cSadksa rFkk dEifu;ksa ds lkFk lEidZ rFkk nwjlapkj ds mi;qä ek/;e ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gS A ljdkjh Ik= çk;% mÙke iq#"k esa gh fy[ks tkrs gSa A ljdkjh i= esa rF;ksa rFkk fLFkfr;ksa dks muds ewy :i esa ;FkkfLFkfr j[kk tkuk vR;ko';d gksrk gS A ,sls i=ksa dh Hkk"kk ljy] lqcks/k rFkk Li"V gksuh pkfg, rFkk i=ksa esa yksdksfä;ksa] eqgkojksa o dgkorksa dk ç;ksx fcydqy ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg, A ljdkjh i= dk lEcks/ku lkekU;r;k ̂ egksn;* ls vkjEHk gksrk gS A lHkh çdkj ds ljdkjh i=ksa ds v/kksys[k ds :i esa ^Hkonh;* fy[kk tkrk gS A lkekU;r% ljdkjh i= fons'kh ljdkjksa] jkT; ljdkjksa] lEc) vkSj v/khu dk;kZy;ksa vkSj la?kh; yksd lsok vk;ksx tSls vU; dk;kZy;ksa ls leLr vkSipkfjd i=&O;ogkj ds fy, ç;qä gksrs gSa A
– v/kZ ljdkjh Ik= Hkh ljdkjh dkedkt ds flyflys esa gh fy[kk tkrk gS fdUrq bldk ys[kd dk;kZy;hu dkedkt ds ckjs esa dbZ ckrsa O;fäxr :i esa Hkh fy[k ldrk gS rkfd çLrkfor dk;Z dks O;fäxr :fp ls rqjar fuiVk;k tk lds A bu i=ksa esa fopkjksa ds vknku&çnku ds fy, fo'ks"k 'kkldh; vkSipkfjdrk ds fuokZg djus dh vko';drk ugha gksrh A vnZ~/kljdkjh i= esa ys[kd dk O;färRo >ydrk gS vkSj buds ek/;e ls dkQh gn rd viuRo Hkh çdV fd;k tk ldrk gS A vnZ~/k'kkldh; i=ksa dh Hkk"kk vknjlwpd gksuh pkfg, rFkk muesa vkns'kkRed okD;ksa dk ç;ksx oftZr gksuk pkfg, A ,sls i=ksa esa lEcks/ku ds rkSj ij uke dk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS rFkk uke ls igys ̂ fç;*] ̂ fç;oj* vFkok ̂ fç; Jh* vkfn tksM+k tkrk gS A i= iwjk gksus ij i= dk çs"kd gLrk{kj djrk gS fdUrq uke ;k gLrk{kj ds uhps çs"kd dk inuke ugha fy[kk tkrk gS A
– dk;kZy; Kkiu dk ç;ksx Hkkjr ljdkj ds ea=ky;ksa ds vkilh i=&O;ogkj ,oa lwpuk vkfn ds fy, gksrk gS A ;g ges'kk vU; iq#"k ¼Third
person½ esa fy[kk tkrk gS A blesa lEcks/ku ;k v/kksys[k ugha gksrk flQZ fy[kus okys dk inuke vkSj gLrk{kj gksrk gS A dk;kZy; Kkiu esa ;fn ,d ls vf/kd vuqPNsn gksa rks igys vuqPNsn ij Øekad u nsdj mlds ckn ds vuqPNsnksa ij Øekad fn;s tkrs gSa A blds okD; lkekU;r% deZokpd gh gksrs gSa – “fd;k tkrk gS”] “fd;k x;k Fkk”] “fd;k tk;sxk” vkfn A
Ö ljdkjh i= ¼Official Letter½
Ö v/kZljdkjh Ik= ¼Demi & Official Letter½
Ö dk;kZy; Kkiu ¼Office Memorandum½
38
ifji= ¼Circular½
Ö dk;kZy; vkns'k ¼Office Order½
Ö ladYi ¼Resolution½
Ö vf/klwpuk ¼Notification½
– ljdkjh i=kpkj dk ,d vR;ar egRoiw.kZ ek/;e ifji= gksrk gS A ifji=ksa ds ek/;e ls fofHkUu ea=ky;ksa rFkk ea=ky;ksa rFkk foHkkxksa }kjk muds v/khuLFk dk;kZy;ksa] layXu vuqHkkxksa] çHkkxksa vkfn dks ljdkjh lwpuk,¡] vkns'k] vuqns'k rFkk funsZ'k vkfn Hksts tkrs gSa A ifji= dh ,d fo'ks"krk ;g gksrh gS fd bldk çs"kd ,d gh gksrk gS] fo"k;&oLrq Hkh ,d gh gksrh gS fdUrq vko';drkuqlkj bls cgqr ls v/khuLFk rFkk layXu dk;kZy;ksa ds uke Hkh Hkstk tk ldrk gS A fgUnh ifji= ewy :i esa rS;kj djrs le; fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dh vksj /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg,&1 ifji= vU; iq#"k ¼Third person½ esa fy[kk tkuk pkfg,A2 ifji= esa ç;qä dh tkus okyh Hkk"kk rFkk okD;&jpuk vklku
gksuh pkfg,A3 rhoz laçs"k.k ds fy, ifji= laf{kIr ,oa fo"k;kuqlkj gksus pkfg,A
– dk;kZy; vkns'k dk ç;ksx fdlh ea=ky;] lEc) foHkkx] çHkkx] vuqHkkx vFkok dk;kZy; ds deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, ljdkjh çkf/kdkjh }kjk lEcfU/kr dk;Z gsrq fd;k tkrk gSA dk;kZy; vkns'k dk mi;ksx deZpkfj;ksa dk LFkkukarj.k] inksUufr djus ;k jksdus] osruo`f) tkjh djus] vodk'k eatwj djus rFkk vf/kdkjh vkSj vuqHkkxksa ds chp dk;Z ds forj.k vkfn ds fy, Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA dk;kZy; vkns'k dk Lo:i pwafd vkns'kkRed gksrk gS] mldk vuqikyu djuk lEcfU/kr deZpkfj;ksa dk ije drZO; gks tkrk gSA dk;kZy; vkns'k ges'kk mÙke iq#"k ,d opu esa tkjh fd;s tkrs gSaA blesa lEcks/ku vFkok LofunsZ'k dh vkSipkfjdrk ugha cjrh tkrhA
– ladYi dsoy ljdkj dh vksj ls tkjh fd;k tkrk gS A ladYi dk ç;ksx uhfr lEcU/kh egRoiw.kZ ljdkjh fu.kZ;ksa dh ?kks"k.kk djus rFkk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa dh lkoZtfud mn?kks"k.kk djus gsrq fd;k tkrk gS A ladYi dh Hkk"kk fo"k;&oLrq ds vuq:i gh gksrh gS A
– ljdkjh vf/klwpuk,¡ lkekU;r% Hkkjr ds jkti= esa çdkf'kr gksrh gS A vf/klwpukvksa esa ljdkjh vkns'kksa] uhfr;ksa o fu;eksa ds ykxw gksus] fdlh fof'k"V O;fä dks vf/kdkj çnku djus vkSj dsUæh; ljdkj vkfn ds jktif=r vf/kdkfj;ksa dh fu;qfä;ksa ,oa LFkkukarj.kksa vkfn ds lEcU/k esa lwpuk,¡ nh tkrh gSa A vf/klwpukvksa esa fdlh Hkh çdkj dk lEcks/ku rFkk i= dh vU; vkSipkfjdrkvksa dk fuokZg ugha gksrk A vf/klwpuk dks ges'kk vU; iq#"k esa fy[kk tkrk gS rFkk blesa ea=ky; dk uke] Hkstus okys ds gLrk{kj] inuke] fnukad ,oa vf/klwpuk la[;k dk mYys[k eq[; :i ls fd;k tkrk gS A
Ö çsl foKfIr ¼Press Communique½
Ö vuqLekjd ¼Reminder½
Ö çfrosnu ¼Report½
– dsUæh; ljdkj ds
fu.kZ;ksa] vkns'kksa] çLrkoksa rFkk uhfr;ksa vkfn dks lkoZtfud rkSj ij
çlkfjr ,oa çpkfjr djus dh mís'; iwfrZ ds fy, çsl foKfIr dk
ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A bls çeq[k lekpkj i=ksa esa T;ksa&dh&T;ksa
;FkkfLFkfr çdkf'kr fd;k tkrk gS pw¡fd mldk Lo:i vR;kf/kd
vkSipkfjd gksrk gS A çsl foKfIr pw¡fd lwpukRed gksrh gS] vr%
blesa lEcks/ku vFkok v/kksys[k vkfn vkSipkfjd ckrsa ugha gksrh A
– bls Lej.k i= Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA
vuqLekjd ds fy, i= dk ogh :i ç;qä fd;k tkrk gS ftlesa
ewy i= çsf"kr fd;k x;k Fkk A tc ewy i= ds vuqlkj dk;Zokgh
le; ij u dh xbZ gks vFkok ek¡xh xbZ tkudkjh le;kof/k esa u
Hksth xbZ gks rc lEcfU/kr vf/kdkjh dks dk;Z dk Lej.k fnykus ds
fy, vuqLekjd dk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A
– ljdkjh dkedkt ds çeq[k vax ds :i esa
tk¡p] rF;kUos"k.k] lq>ko vkfn ds foLr`r fooj.k çLrqr djus dh
ç.kkyh dks çfrosnu ;k fjiksVZ dgk tkrk gS A çfrosnu esa og
lwpuk ;k tkudkjh çLrqr dh tkrh gS tks lkoZtfud :i esa
;FkkrF; Kkr ugha gksrh fdUrq çfrosnu çLrqr djus okyk O;fä
;k vk;ksx ;k lfefr mls lEc) O;fä;ksa ;k ljdkj rd rF;ksa
dks ;FkkfLFkfr çLrqr djrs gSaA mlesa çLrqr dh tkus okyh lHkh
ckrsa Øec) :i ls nh tkrh gSa A
lkHkkj % ç;kstuewyd fgUnh] fl)kUr vkSj ç;ksx ¼MkW- naxy >kYVs½
dchj th dgrs gSa fd rc rd ew[kZ vkSj iafMr nksuksa ,d tSls gSa
tc rd 'kjhj esa dke] Øks/k] yksHk] en vkSj eksg tSls fodkj gSaSaA
D;ksafd vKkuh rks u tkuus ds dkj.k bu fodkjksa ls f?kjk gS] ;fn
Kkuh us bu fodkjksa dks tku dj Hkh buls vius dks ugha cpk;k
vkSj mlh çdkj deZ djrk gS rks mlds Kku dk D;k ykHk\lUr dchj
dke Øks/k en yksHk dh] tc yx ?kV esa [kkuA
dchj ewj[k iafMrk] nksuksa ,d lekuAA
39Hkk"kk foe'kZ ys[k
,d iz;kl
lQyrkvksa Hkjk fiNyk l= –
bl ckj tc fganh lkfgR; lHkk ds leUo;d dh gSfl;r ls varl if=dk ds fy, dqN fy[kuk gqvk rks fopkj fd;k fd D;k fy[kk tk;s\ cgqr lkspk] ysfdu l=kar ijh{kkvksa ds ncko ls NwVs gq, fnekx ds vuojr vkSj vuk;kl eaFku dh vafre ifj.kfr ;s jgh fd gj ckj dh rjg lHkk dh xfrfof/k;ksa dk eSfuQsLVks Hkj fn[kk nsuk Bhd ugha yxk] rks blfy,
bl ckj dqN u;k] dqN vyx fy[kus dh bPNk cuh fo"k; cuk “varl~” vkSj lkfgR; lHkk ds ifjiDo gksrs laca/kksa dh iwjh ;k=k ds lEcU/k esa nks
ckrsa /;ku [khaprh gSa igyh rks ;s fd “varl~” us lHkk dh lkfgfR;d
çfrHkk dks eap fn;k tks “varl~” ds çFke vad ls igys miyC/k ugha FkkA lHkk ;k laLFkku esa ekSfyd fy[kus okys yksx tks Hkh fy[krs Fks mls viuh
Mk;jh esa lqjf{kr j[kus dks foo'k FksA “varl~” us ml fy[kkbZ dks lkfgR; çsfe;ksa vkSj fganh Hkk”kh lewg ds lkeus çLrqr djus dk ekSdk fn;kA
nwljh ckr ;s fd “varl~” ds gj vad ds lkFk lHkk vkSj jktHkk"kk çdks"B ds lEcU/k Hkh etcwr gq, gSaA fuf'pr :i ls bls lHkk ds iwoZ leUo;dksa euh"k th vkSj vk'kh"k th dh nwjnf'kZrk dk gh ifj.kke dgk tkuk pkfg,
fd “varl~” ds çFke vad ls gh mUgksaus bl flyflys dks 'kq: dj fn;k Fkk A oSls Hkh ,d gh /;s; dh vksj ç;kl fd;k tkuk gks rks ml /;s; dh vksj dk;Zjr lHkh yksxks dks ,d lkFk vkuk gh pkfg,A fiNys dqN o"kksaZ esa geus lkFk esa dbZ dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;s gSa] ftuesa ls dqN rks vçR;kf'kr Lrj rd lQy gq, gSaA Lora=rk fnol ij vk;ksftr dkO;&la/;k ds fo"k; esa ;gh dgk tk;sxk tgk¡ n'kZd vkmVjhp vkWfMVksfj;e dh lhf<+;ksa rd ij cSBdj dk;ZØe dk vkuan ys jgs FksA gekjk ;s ikjLifjd lg;ksx ¼ vkSj vc rks bls ikjLifjd le> dgk
tk;s rks csgrj gksxk ½ “varl~” ls gh çkjaHk gqvk Fkk A
rks ;s nks ckrsa] eq>s yxrk gS fd “varl~” vkSj lHkk ds laca/kksa dks crkrh gSaA Hkys gh lHkk us vius CykWx ̂ Nan* ¼chhand&iitk-blogspot-in½ dks laLFkku dh jpukvksa ds lkewfgd laxzg ds :i esa vkWuykbu miyC/k dj
fn;k gS ysfdu bl dkj.k ls “varl~” dh Hkwfedk de ugha gks tkrhA
vc FkksM+h ckr drZO;] —r vkSj 'ks"k dh !
jktHkk"kk çdks"B ds lkFk feydj dkO;&la/;k ds la;qä vk;kstu dh lQyrk crkbZ gh tk pqdh gSA la;qä vk;kstuksa esa fganh i[kokM+k Hkh jgk vkSj ijh{kkvksa ds nkSj ds chp Hkh larks"ktud lgHkkfxrk ds ukrs mls Hkh lQy vk;kstu gh dgk tkuk pkfg,A
bl ckj Hkh gj ckj dh rjg xSj&fganh Hkkf"k;ksa ds fy, lHkk ds }kjk fganh d{kk,a pyk;h x;ha gkyk¡fd bl ckj mUgsa nks Lrjksa ij pyk;k
fganh lkfgR;-lHkk ys[k 40
fganh lkfgR;-lHkk ys[k
x;k&çkFkfed vkSj mPpA fuLlansg oks lQy jgha D;ksafd fl[kkus okys vkSj lh[kus okys gekjs lHkh lkfFk;ksa dk QhM&cSd cgqr vPNk feykA fganh 'kCn Kku vkSj mPpkj.k dks cgqr gh ljy rjhds ls fl[kkus okyh fdrkc dk ys[ku lHkk ds leUo;d la?k fç; us iwjkdj fy;k gS vkSj çksQslj v#.k 'kekZ lj dk ekxZn'kZu ysus ds ckn vc ge ehfM;k dkmafly ds ek/;e ls mls çdkf'kr djokus dh çfØ;k esa gSaA
,d cM+k gh egRokdka{kh dk;ZØe ftldk geus “varl~” ds fiNys vad esa vkils oknk Hkh fd;k Fkk&“fdjnkj”, dgkfu;ksa dk ;s jsfM;ks dk;ZØe Nk=ksa vkSj dSail ds vU; lkfgR;&çsfe;ksa ds e/; dkQh ljkgk tk jgk gSA blds igys laLdj.k esa dqy ikap dgkfu;k¡ gaS] ikap dfM+;ksa esa vkSj vc lHkk ds ;w&Vîwc pSuy ¼http://www-youtube-com/
hindisahityasabha ½ ij os miyC/k Hkh gSaA vki tc pkgsa ] bUVjusV ds ek/;e ls mUgsa lqu ldrs gSaA
lHkk viuh lkfgfR;d ftEesnkjh dk fuoZgu lks'ky ehfM;k ds ek/;e ls Hkh dj jgh gSA gekjs Qslcqd ist ij çfrfnu dh lkfgfR;d xfrfof/k ds dkj.k gels tqM+us okys yksxksa dh la[;k Hkh c<+ jgh gSA ;s gekjs fy, ÅtkZ vkSj mRlkg cuk;s j[kus ds fygkt ls cgqr egÙoiw.kZ gSA
lkfgR; ds ,d u, :Ik dks x<+us] dg ldrs gSa <w¡<us dk ç;kl gS – fuokZdA cgqr ls ,sls eqís gSa] ,slh ckrsa gSa tks gesa çR;{k ugha fn[krha ysfdu ge ij cM+k vlj Mky jgh gksrh gSaA ge ,slh gh fuokZd ;kuh ^ekSu* ckrksa] ekSu eqíksa dks ysdj viuk fopkj&i= ¼lekpkj&i= dh i)fr ls vyx½ fuokZd yk jgs gSaA çFke laLdj.k dk fo"k;&^dkWyst] ;qok vkSj jktuSfrd psruk* fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gSA gesa fuokZd dks Lrjh; cukus ds fy, cgqr ls fopkj'khy vkSj fo'ks"k :i ls jktuSfrd :i ls fopkj'khy ys[kdksa dh vko';drk iM+sxhA ;fn vki ehfM;k ,fDVfoTe esa gekjs lkFk gSa ;k ys[kd ds rkSj ij gels tqM+uk pkgrs gSa rks gesa esy t:j djsa& hindisahityasabha-iitk@gmail-com
cgqr lh ;kstuk;sa vkSj Hkh gSaA le; de gS] l= dh i<kbZ ds nkSjku le; vis{kk—r vkSj de fey ikrk gSA vf/kd ls vf/kd ;kstukvksa dks fØ;kUof;r djus dk y{; gS] le; ls çfrLi/kkZ gSA nsf[k;s ge vkids lkeus vkSj fdruk çLrqr dj ikrs gSa !
/kU;okn
leUo;d
fganh lkfgR; lHkk
lQyrk,a vkxs Hkh feyuh gSa –
41
ckycÙkhlh y?kq dFkk
mik;su t;ks ;k–fxziksLrk–M~- u gsfrfHk:? vFkkZr~ mik; ls 'k=q dks thrks gfFk;kj ls ugha,d taxy esa cgqr lh eNfy;ksa ls Hkjk ,d rkykc FkkA ,d cxqyk ogka fnu&çfrfnu eNfy;ksa dks [kkus ds fy, vkrk Fkk] fdUrq o`) gus ds dkj.k eNfy;ksa dks idM+ ugha ikrk FkkA bl rjg Hkw[k ls O;kdqy gqvk og ,d fnu vius cq<+kis ij jks jgk Fkk fd ,d dsdM+k m/kj vk;kA mlus cxqys dks fujarj vk¡lw cgkrs ns[kk rks dgk&ekek! vkt rqe igys dh rjg vkuUn ls Hkkstu ugha dj jgs] vkSj vk¡[kksa ls vk¡lw cgkrs gq, cSBs gks] bldk D;k dkj.k gS\cxqys us dgk&fe=! rqe Bhd dgrs gksA eq>s eNfy;ksa dks Hkkstu cukus ls fojfä gks pqdh gSA vktdy vu'ku dj jgk gw¡A blh ls eSa ikl esa vkbZ eNfy;ksa dks Hkh ugha idM+rkA dsdM+s us ;g lqudj iwNk&ekek! bl oSjkX; dk D;k dkj.k gS\cxqyk&fe=! ckr ;g gS fd eSaus bl rkykc esa tUe fy;k] cpiu ls gh ;gha jgk gw¡ vkSj esjh mez xqtjh gSA bl rkykc vkSj rkykcokfl;ksa ls esjk çse gSA fdUrq eSaus lquk gS fd vc cM+k Hkkjh vdky iM+us okyk gSA ckjg o"kksaZ rd o`f"V ugha gksxhAdsdM+&fdlls lquk gS\ cxqyk&,d T;ksfr"kh ls lquk gSA 'kfu'pj tc 'kdVkdkj jksfg.kh rkjd e.My dks [kf.Mr djds 'kqØ ds lkFk ,d jkf'k esa tk,xk] rc ckjg o"kZ rd o"kkZ ugha gksxhA i`Foh ij iki QSy tk,xkA ekrk&firk viuh larku dk Hk{k.k djus yxsaxsA bl rkykc esa igys gh ikuh de gSA ;g cgqr tYnh lw[k tk,xkA blds lw[kus ij esjs lc cpiu ds lkFkh ftuds lkFk eSa bruk cM+k gqvk gw¡] ej tk,axsA muds fo;ksx nq[k dh dYiuk ls gh eSa bruk jks jgk gw¡A vkSj blhfy, eSaus vu'ku fd;k gSA nwljs tyk'k;ksa ls Hkh typj vius NksVs&NksVs rkykc NksM+dj cM+h&cM+h >hyksa esa pys tk jgs gSaA cM+s&cM+s typj rks Lo;a gh pys tkrs gSa] NksVksa ds fy, gh dfBukbZ gSA nqHkkZX; ls bl tyk'k; ds typj fcydqy fuf'pUr cSBs gSa] ekuks dqN gksus okyk gh ugha gSA muds fy, gh eSa jks jgk gw¡A mudk oa'k&uk'k gks tk,xkAdsdM+ us cxqys ds eq[k ls ;g ckr lqudj vU; lc eNfy;ksa dks Hkh Hkkoh nq?kZVuk dh lwpuk ns nhA lwpuk ikdj tyk'k; ds lHkh typjksa] eNfy;ksa] dNqvksa vkfn us cxqys dks ?ksjdj iwNuk 'kq: dj fn;k&ekek] D;k fdlh mik; ls gekjh j{kk gks ldrh gS\cxqyk cksyk&;gk¡ ls FkksM+h nwj ij ,d çpqj ty ls Hkjk tyk'k; gSA og bruk cM+k gS fd pkSchl o"kZ lw[kk iM+us ij Hkh u lw[ksA rqe ;fn esjh ihB ij p<+ tkvksxs rks rqEgsa ogk¡ ys pyw¡xkA;g lqudj lHkh eNfy;ksa] dNqvksa vkSj vU; tythoksa us cxqys dks HkkbZ] ekek] pkpk] iqdkjrs gq, pkjksa vksj ls ?ksj fy;k vkSj fpYykuk 'kq# dj fn;k&igys eq>s] igys eq>sAog nq"V lcdks ckjh&ckjh viuh ihB ij fcBkdj tyk'k; ls dqN nwj ys tkrk vkSj ogk¡ ,d f'kyk ij mUgsa iVd&iVddj ekj nsrk FkkA mUgsa [kkdj nwljs fnu og fQj tyk'k; esa vk tkrk vkSj u;s f'kdkj ys tkrkA dqN fnu ckn dsdM+s us cxqys ls dgk&ekek! esjh rqels igys&igy HksaV gqbZ Fkh] fQj Hkh vkt rd eq>s ugha ys x,A vc rks lHkh u;s tyk'k; rd igq¡p pqds gSa vkt esjk Hkh m)kj dj nksAdsdM+s dh ckr lqudj cxqys us lkspk] eNfy;k¡ [kkrs&[kkrs esjk eu Hkh Åc
x;k gSA dsdM+s dk ek¡l pVuh dk dke nsxkA vkt bldk gh vkgkj d:¡xkA;g lkspdj mlus dsdM+s dks xjnu ij fcBk fy;k vkSj py fn;kAdsdM+s us nwj ls gh tc ,d f'kyk ij eNfy;ksa dh gìh dk igkM+ lk yxk ns[kk rks og le> x;k fd ;g cxqyk fdl vfHkçk; ls eNfy;ksa dks ;gk¡ ykrk FkkA fQj Hkh og vlyh ckr dks fNikdj çdV esa cksyk&ekek! og tyk'k; vc fdruh nwj jg x;k gS\ esjs Hkkj ls rqe dkQh Fkd x;s gksxs] blfy, iwN jgk gw¡A
cxqys us lkspk] vc bls lPph ckr dg nsus esa Hkh dksbZ gkfu ugha gS]
blfy, og cksyk&dsdM+s lkgc! nwljs tyk'k; dh ckr vc Hkwy tkvksA ;g
rks esjh çk.k;k=k py jgh FkhA vc rsjk Hkh dky vk x;k gSA vfUre le;
esa nsork dk Lej.k dj ysA blh f'kyk ij iVddj rq>s Hkh ekj Mkyw¡xk vkSj
[kk tkšxkA
cxqyk vHkh ;g ckr dg gh jgk Fkk fd dsdM+s us vius rh[ks nk¡r cxqys dh
uje] eqyk;e xjnu ij xM+k fn,A cxqyk ogha ej x;kA mldh xjnu dV
xbZA
dsdM+k e`r cxqys dh xjnu ysdj /khjs&/khjs vius iqjkus tyk'k; ij gh vk
x;kA mls ns[kdj mlds HkkbZ&cUnksa us mls ?ksj fy;k vkSj iwNus yxs D;k ckr
gS\ vkt ekek ugha vk,\ ge lc muds lkFk tyk'k; ij tkus dks rS;kj
cSBs gSaA
dsdM+s us g¡ldj mÙkj fn;k&ew[kksaZ! ml cxqys us lHkh eNfy;ksa dks ;gk¡ ls ys
tkdj ,d f'kyk ij iVddj ekj fn;k gSA ;g dgdj mlus vius ikl ls
cxqys dh dVh gqbZ xjnu fn[kkbZ vkSj dgk&vc fpark dh dksbZ ckr ugha gS]
rqe lc ;gk¡ vkuUn ls jgksxsA
cxqyk Hkxr
42
mi;ksxh ckrsas xhnM+ us tc ;g dFkk lqukbZ rks dkSos us iwNk&fe=! ml cxqys dh rjg ;g lkai Hkh fdlh rjg ej ldrk gSAxhnM+&,d dke djksA rqe uxj ds jktegy esa pys tkvksA ogk¡ ls jkuh dk daBgkj mBkdj lk¡i ds fcy ds ikl j[k nksA jktk ds lSfud daBgkj dh [kkst esa vk,axs vkSj lk¡i dks ekj nsaxsAnwljs gh fnu dkSoh jktegy ds variqj esa tkdj ,d daBgkj mBk ykbZA jktk us flikfg;ksa dks ml dkSoh dk ihNk djus dk vkns'k fn;kA dkSoh us og daBgkj lk¡i ds fcy ds ikl j[k fn;kA lk¡i us ml gkj dks ns[kdj ml ij viuk Qu QSyk fn;k FkkA flikfg;ksa us lk¡i dks ykfB;ksa ls ekj fn;k vkSj daBgkj ys fy;kAml fnu ds ckn dkSok&dkSoh dh larku dks fdlh lk¡i us ugha [kk;kA rHkh eSa dgrk gw¡ fd mik; ls gh 'k=q dks o'k esa dj ysuk pkfg,Aneud us fQj dgk&lp rks ;g gS fd cqf) dk LFkku cy ls cgqr Å¡pk gSA ftlds ikl cqf) gS] ogh cyh gSA
cgqr lh NksVh&NksVh ckrsa gksrh gSa] ftu ij çkjEHk esa /;ku fn;k tk; rks
os cgqr vf/kdk ykHk djrh gSa vkSj mudh mis{kk dj nh tk; rks cgqr
gkfu gksrh gSA igys&igys /;ku nsus ls vusd vPNkb;k¡ LoHkko cu tkrh
gSa muds fy, dksbZ fo'ks"k Je ugha djuk iM+rkA fdUrq vkjEHk esa /;ku u
fn;k tk;s rks LokHkko dks cnyus esa cM+h dfBukbZ gksrh gSA ijarq viuh
Hkwy dk tc irk yxs] rHkh ls mls nwj djus vkSj vPNk LoHkko Mkyus dk
iDdk fu'p; dj ysuk pkfg,A ftldk fu'p; iDdk gS] og vo';
lQy gksxkA ;fn çkjEHk esa lQyrk u feys rks fujk'k ugha gksuk pkfg,A
cjkcj Je djrs gh jguk pkfg,ALokLF;] lEeku vkSj lq[k&'kkafr&;s rhu eq[; phtsa gSaA gekjk 'kjhj
LoLFk jgs] gekjh lc bfUæ;k¡ Bhd&Bhd dke djsa] os vkxs pydj nqcZy
u tks tk;¡A lc yksx gekjk vknj djsa] gesa dksbZ cqjk u dgs] gekjk
frjLdkj u gks vkSj gekjs fpÙk esa m}sx u vkos] eu papy u cuk jgs
vkSj lnk çlUu jgsA d"V rks lHkh ds thou esa vk ldrs gSa ysfdu tks
yksx bu ckrksa dks rqPN le> dj bu fu;eksa dk ikyu ugha djrs] muds
thou esa jksx] 'kksd] vieku] v'kkafr cM+s&cM+s d"V vkrs gSa1. tks xq#tuksa ¼cM+ksa½ dk vknj djrk gS] mudks fuR; ç.kke djrk gS]
mls vk;q] cy] fo|k vkSj ;'k dh o`fí gksrh gSA tks blds foijhr cM+ksa
dk vknj ugha djrk ;k mudk frjLdkj djrk gS] mlds vk;q] cy]
fo|k] vkSj ;'k dk uk'k gksrk gSA2- lksrs le; lnk nf{k.k ;k iw~oZ flj djds lksvksA mÙkj ;k if'pe flj
djds lksus ls vk;q {kh.k gksrh gSA blh çdkj nf{k.k eq[k djds Hkkstu
djus ls Hkh vk;q dk ºzkl gksrk gSA3- Hktu] iwtu] Hkkstu vkfn mÙke deZ iwoZ ;k mÙkj eq[k djds djuk
fgrdkjh gSA4- LoLFk jgus ds fy, 'kjhj dh ckgjh vkSj Hkhrjh LoPNrk rFkk
fu;fer O;k;ke vko';d gSA5- cklh vkSj lM+k Hkkstu cqf) dks fu'p; gh efyu cukrk gS vkSj
LokLF; dk uk'k djrk gSA6- rEckdw] chM+h] flxjsV vkfn lc çdkj dh u'khyh oLrq,a LokLF; dks
u"V djrh gSaA7-Hkkstu lkfRod] lqikP; rFkk _rq ds vuqdwy gksuk pkfg,A8- cgqr xje Hkkstu] pk; rFkk cgqr xje nw/k ihuk vFkok cgqr BaMk
Hkkstu] cQZ ;k cQZ ls cus inkFkZ [kkuk isV dks rks [kjkc djrk gh gS]
blls nk¡r 'kh?kz fxj tkrs gSaA9- [kM+s&[kM+s Hkkstu djuk] pyrs&fQjrs Hkkstu djuk] Hkkstu djrs
le; ckrsa djuk&;s gkfudkjd gSA10- Hkkstu cSBdj] ekSu gksdj çlUurkiwoZd djuk pkfg,saA
ckyd ckfydkvksa ds fy, mi;ksxh ckrsa
Lokeh foosdkuan dgk djrs Fks fd Hkkjrh; yksx vius
ladYicy dks Hkwy x;s gSa] blhfy, xqykeh dk nq[k Hkksx
jgs gSaA ge D;k dj ldrs gSa-----,sls udkjkRed fparu
}kjk os ladYighu gks x;s gSa tc fd vaxzst dk cPpk Hkh
vius dks cM+k mRlkgh le>rk gS vkSj dk;Z esa lQy gks
tkrk gS] D;ksafd og ,sls fopkj djrk gS eSa vaxzst gw¡A
nqfu;k ds cM+s Hkkx ij gekjh tkfr dk 'kklu jgk gSA ,slh
xkSjoiw.kZ tkfr dk vax gksrs gq, eq>s dkSu jksd ldrk gS
lQy gksus ls\ eSa D;k ugha dj ldrk\ cl ,slk fopkj
gh mls lQyrk ns nsrk gSA tc vaxzst dk cPpk viuh
tkfr ds xkSjo dk Lej.k dj –<+ ladYioku cu ldrk gS
rks vki D;ksa ugha cu ldrs gS\
fopkj djsa
ckycÙkhlh
foosdkuan
laxzg lzksr&iapra=
43
vuqfparu ys[k lkekU; tu&thou dk niZ.k& “jke dh 'kfä iwtk” vkn'kZ x`gLFk&thou] vkn'kZ jkt/keZ] vkn'kZ ifr/keZ] vkn'kZ Hkk=&/keZ lkfgR; ds lHkh jlksa ls ifjiw.kZ] mÙke dkO;&y{k.kksa ls ;qä] oSjkX; vkSj lnkpkj dh f'k{kk nsusokyk] ckyd] ;qok vkSj c`) lcds fy, lekuksi;ksxh] lokaZxlqanj xzaFk ̂ jkepfjr ekul* dh jpuk djrs le; tc rqylh nkl us ̂ Lokar: lq[kk; j?kqukFk xkFkk* fy[kk gksxk rc dnkfpr gh lkspk gksxk dh dkykarj es ;g xzaFk lukru /keZ dk ekud /keZxzaFk lkfcr gksxkA lfn;ksa ls fuxqZ.k vkSj lxq.k iafFk;ksa us jke ds ik= dks ,d uk;d ds :i esa gh O;k[;kf;r fd;k gSA fgUnh lkfgR; ds vuqjkxh ds :i esa tc ge fgUnh lkfgR; ds vk/kqfud dky dk voxkgu djrs gSa rks foLrkj vkSj fodkl dh –f"V ls tks ;qx fgUnh lkfgR;kuqjkfx;ksa dks vk—"V djrk gS og ;qx gS ̂ Nk;kokn*A dgk Hkh tkrk gS lEiw.kZ fgUnh lkfgR; dk Lo.kZdky ;fn Hkfä&dky jgk gS rks vk/kqfud fgUnh lkfgR; dk Lo.kZdky ̂ Nk;kokn* jgk gSA x| vkSj i| nksuksa fo/kkvksa es vHkwriwoZ fo'okl] fodkl] foLrkj vkSj fofo/krk dk vkLoknu gksrk gS Nk;kokn dh jpukvksa esa A ;fn Hkfä&dky ds pkj LrEHk lwjnkl] dchjnkl] rqylh nkl vkSj ekfyd eqgEen tk;lh Fks rks Nk;kokn ds pkj LrEHk lqfe=kuanu iar] t;'kadj çlkn] lw;Zdkar f=ikBh fujkyk vkSj egknsoh oekZ Fkha A gkykafd vkt ds ikBd dk fo'ys"k.k gels brj gks ldrk gS ysfdu ;fn ge oSjkX;] Hkfä vkSj v/;kRe dks FkksM+h nsj ds fy, bu lHkh dfo;ksa dh jpukvksa ls i`Fkd dj nsa vkSj [kkfyl dkO;&lkSan;Z dh fu;r ls vkadyu djsa rks ik,axs dh lwjnkl dk lkSan;Z&cks/k dk laLi'kZ gesa lqfe=kuanu iar dh dforkvksa eas feyrk gS vkSj rqylh nkl dh O;kidrk dk fnXn'kZu t;'kadj çlkn dh jpukvksa eas dj ldrs gSaA ogha ekfyd eqgEen tk;lh dk jgL;okn egknsoh eas feyrk gS rks dchj dh Li"Vokfnrk vkSj ikS#"krk dk Lianu lw;Zdkar f=ikBh ^fujkyk* th dh dforkvksa esa eglwl fd;k tk ldrk gSA
[kSj! mi;qZä lHkh ckrsa lw{e fo'ys"k.k dh gks ldrh gSa vkSj iwjh rjg vdknfed Hkh ijarq vkt ge ftl fc"k; ij Lokar: lq[kk; ppkZ djuk pkgrs gSa og gS Nk;kokn ;qx ds cs<+c vkSj Økafrdkjh dfo lw;Zdkar
f=ikBh ̂ fujkyk* dh dfork “jke dh 'kfä iwtk” A crkrs pysa dh ;wa rks ge lcus vius v/;;u&dky esa dHkh u dHkh] etcwjh es ijh{kk&mÙkh.kZ djus dh uh;r ls gh lgh] bl yach dfork dks vo'; i<+k gksxkA lkfgR;&leh{kd bls [kaM&dkO; vkSj çca/k&dkO; Hkh dgrs gSaA tkfgj gS eSaus Hkh ,sls gh i<+k FkkA la;ksx ,slk cuk fd gky gh esa ,d dk;ZØe ds nkSjku ^varl~* if=dk ds eq[; laiknd çksQslj v#.k dqekj 'kekZ us tc Jksrkvksa dks crk;k fd thou esa ,sls {k.k vkrs gSa tc O;fä volkn&xzLr gks tkrk gS vFkok fdadrZO;foew<+rk dh fLFkfr mRiUu gksrh gS rks mls mlls mcjus ds fy, dHkh dHkh fdlh lgkjs dk voyacu ysrk iM+rk gS rks dHkh [kqn ls gh tíkstgn djuh iM+rh gSA ,sls iy
muds thou esa Hkh vk, gSa vkSj ,slh fLFkfr esa os fujkyk th dh ^jke dh 'kfäiwtk* dfork i<+rs gSa vkSj fQj os vius vanj ,d vkarfjd 'kfä dk çknqHkkZo eglwl djrs gSaA muds blh oäO; ls çsfjr gks eSaus Hkh dbZ ckj] dHkh lrgh rkSj ij vkSj dHkh lw{e rkSj ij] bl dfork dk v/;;u fd;k vkSj eSa crk nw¡ fd gj ckj ,d ubZ ÅtkZ dks eglwl fd;k A ifjfLFkfr&tU; ekuoh; laosnukvksa tSls&dqaBk] volkn] vieku] ijkt; tSlh Hkkoukvksa ls mBdj drZO;&ikjk;.k gksdj vius y{; dks çkIr djuk gh bl dfork dk fo/ks; gSA dguk u gksxk dh fujkyk
th ds fujkys O;fäRo dh fujkyh dfork gS “jke dh 'kfä iwtk”A eq>s dbZ ckj O;fäxr :i ls yxk fd eSa viuh bl vuqHkwfr dks ikBdksa ds le{k
bl çR;k'kk ls j[kw¡ fd ;fn laHko gks rks ,dckj “jke dh 'kfä iwtk” vo'; i<sa vkSj mlds ik=ksa dks gekjs lekt es fnu&çfrfnu fopj.k djus okys jke vkSj jko.k ds :i esa gh ns[kus dk ç;kl djsa; fo'okl gS fd ubZ vuqHkwfr gksxhA
‘kks"kdksa ds çfr vkØks'k] 'kksf"krksa ds fy, lgkuqHkwfr ls ifjiw.kZ Økafr vkSj psruk dk mn~?kks"k djus okys fujkyk us viuh bl dfork esa v/;kRe vkSj vkLFkk ds ml ikSjkf.kd ik= dks foLrkj fn;k gS ftlds Lej.k ek= ls gh lkekU; tu ds vUr%dj.k esa lr~&fpr vkSj vkuan ds Hkko dk lapj.k gksus yxrk gSA ̂ jke dh 'kfä iwtk* dk dFkkud ;wa rks ikSjkf.kd lanHkZ esa jke&jko.k dk ;q) gks ldrk gS ijarq vius okLrfod vFkZ esa ;g /keZ vkSj v/keZ dk ;q) gSA bleas dfo us dFkk ds uk;d jke dks lkekU; ekuo&/keZ dk fuoZgu djrs gq, LFkkfir fd;k gSA
jke dh 'kfä iwtk ds dFkkud dks x<+rs le; fujkyk us ikSjkf.kd ijaijk dh e;kZnk dks thoar j[kuk viuk /;s; ugha cuk;k gS cfYd os vius jke dks nsoRo ds /kjkry ls mrkjdj lkekU; ekuoksfpr xq.k&nks"kksa ds lkFk
O;k[;kf;r djuk pkgrs gSaA lw{e v/;;u djsa rks ,slk yxrk gS dh ‘jke
dh 'kfä iwtk’ ds jke ge tu lkekU; eas ls dksbZ gS] tks gjiy thou vkSj txr&tfur la?k"kksaZ eas Lo;a ls tw> jgk gSA dHkh gkjdj thrrk gS rks dHkh thr dj gkjk gqvk eglwl djrk gSA
tSls thou esa iy çfr iy ifjfLFkfr;k¡ cnyrh jgrh gSa oSls gh 'kfä dh iwtk esa jke vkSj jko.k ds chp ;q) dh fn'kk,¡ cnyrh jgrh gSaA egkek;k viuh efgek ls vlqjksa dk gh fgr lk/krs gq;s fn[kykbZ iM+rh gSaA jke dk /kS;Z dHkh 'k=qvksa dk j.kdkS'ky ns[kdj rks dHkh viuh ijkLr gksrh gqbZ lsuk dh n'kk dks ns[kdj la’k;xzLr vkSj grçHk gks pqdk gSA ysfdu rHkh
iRuh dk Lej.k mudks pSrU; voLFkk esa ykSVkrk gS -
44
lw;Zdkar f=ikBh ^fujkyk*
vuqfparu ys[k
mYyflr jke iqu% iwjs euks;ksx ls deZ&lk/kus vkSj drZO;&cks/k ds çfr lUu) gksrs gSa dh fQj mUgsa 'k=qvksa ds [kses ls fot; dk vêgkl lqukbZ iM+rk gSA
jke dh ;g vkyksfdr psruk vlqjksa dh lgk;rk ds fy, vkbZ egkek;k dh 'kfä dks ns[kdj yqIr gks tkrh gSA ;q) dh çfrdwy ifjfLFkfr;k¡ mudh mYyflr Hkko&n'kk dks uSjk'; esa cny nsrh gSA lsuk ds uk;d dh bl ân;&fonkjd varjeu dh NViVkgV dk Hkku dj mudk lsukuh
guqeku lEiw.kZ HkweaMy dk fouk'k djus dks mír gksrk gS :&
guqeku ds jkSæ :i ls gksus okyh fouk'kyhyk dks Hkkaidj 'kfä ek¡ dk :i /kkj.k dj guqeku dks] jke ds vkjk/; f'ko Lej.k djokdj vkSj v/keZ dk Hk; fn[kyk dj] 'kkar dj nsrh gSa;
egkdfo rqylh nkl us fy[kk gS&
vkSj tc ;q)&uk;d jke ̂ vU;k; ft/kj gS m/kj 'kfä-;k-gS egk'kfä jko.k dks fy, vad* dh jgL;e;rk dks ugha le> ikrs rc muds
lsukifr fe= tkeoar vdkj.k fopfyr gksus ls jksdrs gq, lq>ko nsrs gSa-
ns[krs gq, fu"iyd] ;kn vk;k mioufonsg dk] &çFke Lusg dk yrkUrjky feyuu;uksa dk&u;uksa ls xksiu&fç; lEHkk"k.k]&iydksa dk uo iydksa ij çFkeksRFkku&iru]&xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
flgjk ru] {k.k&Hkj Hkwyk eu] ygjk leLr]gj /kuqHkax dks iquokZj T;ksa mBk gLr]QwVh fLefr lhrk /;ku&yhu jke ds v/kj]fQj fo'o&fot;&Hkkouk ân; esa vk;h Hkj
fLFkj jk?kosaæ dks fgyk jgk fQj fQj la'k; jg jg mBrk tx thou es jko.k t; t;
djus dks xzLr leLr O;kse dfi c<+k vVy]y[k egkuk'k f'ko vpy] gq, {k.k&Hkj papy
;g egkdk'k] gS tgk¡ okl f'ko dk fueZy]iwtrs ftUgsa Jhjke mls xzlus dks pyD;k ugha dj jgs rqe vuFkZ\ lkspks eu esa]D;k nh vkKk ,slh dqN Jh j/kquUnu us\
vkin dky ijf[k;s pkjh A /khjt /keZ fe= v# ukjh॥
vkjk/ku dk –<+ vkjk/ku ls nks mÙkj
rqe ojks fot; la;r çk.kksa ls çk.kksa ij
jko.k v'kq) gksdj Hkh ;fn dj ldk =Lr
rks fu'p; rqe gks fl)] djksxs mls /oLr
'kfä dh djks ekSfyd dYiuk] djks iwtu
NksM+ nks lej tc rd u flf) gks] j?kquanu
fe= ds ijke'kZ ls vk'kk vkSj mYykl dk iqu% lapj.k gksrk gS vkSj 'kfä dh iwtk gsrq jke 108 uhydey ds Qwyksa ds lkFk v[kaM fo'okl fy, gq;s 'kfä dk vkºoku djrs gSaA ysfdu ;s D;k! ;K iw.kZ gksus ls iwoZ gh egkek;k us fQj [ksy [ksy fn;k vkSj vafre uhydey dk iq"i pqjk fy;kA jke v/khj gks mBrs gSa vkSj iy Hkj es gh muds le{k mudk iwjk thou&o`r ?kwe x;k&
mUgsa fQj drZO;&cks/k dk Hkku gksrk gS vkSj og le> ysrs gSa dh vc muds /kS;Z dh vfXu&ijh{kk gksuh gSA mUgsa lglk ;kn vkrk gS dh ekrk mudks jkthou;u dg dj I;kj ls iqdkjk djrh FkhaA rR{k.k psruk esa jkthou;u gksus dk vkRe xkSjo mUgsa vius p{kq dks lfe/kk ds :i es 'kfä dks p<+kus ds fy, çsfjr djrk gS vkSj rRdky gh jke viuh
ryokj ls vius nkfgus us= dks vfiZr djus dks mír gksrs gS-
egk'kfä dk çkdVî gksrk gS vkSj og lk/kuk] cfynku] oanuk vkSj drZO; dh osnh ij loZLo R;kx ds çrhd jke dk gkFk idM+ ysrh gSa vkSj fot; dk ojnku nsrh gqbZ og uk;d jke es foyhu gks tkrh gSA
oLrqr% fujkyk th dfork ^jke dh 'kfä iwtk* ds uk;d dk fp=kadu n'kjFk&iq= jke dk u gksdj vk/kqfud lekt ds jke dk gSA vkt tgka lekt es fuR; uSfrdrk] /keZijk;.krk] lfg".kqrk] fc'o&ca/kqRo dh Hkkouk dk ºzkl gks jgk gSA vukpkjh] nqjkpkjh] O;fHkpkjh tSls pfj=ksa dh pnqfnZd o`f) gks jgh gS ,sls esa ;s dfork jke] guqeku] fcHkh"k.k] tkeoar] egkek;k vkSj jko.k tSls ik=ksa ds ek/;e ls çrhdkRed :i
ls LokFkZghurk] R;kx] lfg".kqrk] lsok&Hkko] n;k] fe=rk vkfn ekuoh;lEcU/kksa dk lw{e ,oa O;kid fp=.k djrh gSA jke ds pfj= esa fujkyk th us ftl vkLFkk ls vk'kk vkSj fo'okl dk lapkj fd;k gS og vkt ds fo'o&dY;k.k dk lw= gSA
f/kd! thou dks tks ikrk gh vk;k fojks/k
f/kd! lk/ku ftlds fy, lnk gh fd;k 'kks/k
tkudh! gk; m)kj fç;k dk gks u ldk
og ,d vkSj eu jgk jke dk tks u Fkdk
dgdj ns[kk rw.khj czã'kj jgk >yd]
ys fy;k gLr] yd&yd djrk og egkQydA
ys vL= oke ij] nf{k.k dj nf{k.k ykspu
ys vfiZr djus dks m|r gks x;s lqeu
ftl {k.k c¡/k x;k cs/kus dks –x –<+ fu'p;]
dk¡ik czãk.M] gqvk nsoh dk Rofjr mn;&
lk/kq] lk/kq] lk/kd /khj] /keZ&/ku /kU; jke!
dg] fy;k Hkxorh us jk?ko dk gLr FkkeA
gksxh t;] gksxh t;] gs iq:"kksÙke uohuA
dg egk'kfä jke ds onu esa gqbZ yhuA
45
vuqfparu ys[k
foifÙk;ksa] fo?u&ok/kkvksa ls vlgk; gks Hkaoj es Qal tkus ds ckn Hkh euq"; dks mYykl] mRlkg vkSj mEehn dk lacy ugha NksMuk pkfg,A deZ&{ks= esa egÙkk thr ;k gkj dh mruh ugha gksrh ftruh iq#"kkFkZ dh gksrh gSA vafre fot;Jh mlh ;ks)k dk oj.k djrh gS ftldh –f"V lk/ku vkSj lk/; dh ,d:irk es gksrh gSA jke dh ladYio`fÙk gh jko.k&o/k dk dkj.k curh gSA
bl dfork ds ek/;e ls fujkyk us ekuo&ân; dks thou ds çfr vk'kk dk vkyksd gh ugha lkSaik gS oju Hkkjrh; laL—fr dks iquLZFkkfir fd;k gS ftlesa laLdkj vkSj laL—fr ds lHkh rRoksa dks lekfgr djus ds lkFk fo'o&fot;uh] fot;&oSt;arh Hkkouk dks Hkh vfHkO;fä çnku dh gSA bruk gh ugha ;fn vkSj lw{e voyksdu djsa rks ik,axs dh Lo;a fujkyk th dk O;fäRo Hkh dFkk&uk;d ds :i es la?k"kZ djrk fn[kykbZ iM+rk gS A bfrgkl lk{kh gS fujkyk th dk lEiw.kZ thou Hkh >a>kokrksa ds rkuksa&ckuksa es gh my>k jgk] fo'ks"k :i ls iq=h ljkst dks [kks nsus ds mijkar vkdaB Dykar fujkyk fujk'k gks pqds FksA fdUrq ̂ og ,d vkSj eu jgk jke dk tks u Fkdk* fy[kdj mUgksus ,d rjg ls vius vkRe&fu;a=.k vkSj LokfHkeku ds fot; dh ?kks"k.kk dh FkhA
cgjgky] tks Hkh gks ^jke dh 'kfä iwtk* esa fujkyk th us ftl dFkkud&;kstuk dks foLrkj fn;k gS mldh Nk;k&çfrNk;k lkekU; tu &thou es pkjksa rjQ fn[kykbZ iM+rh gSA oLrqr% ladYi vkSj O;kid thou&n'kZu ls gh thoukxr mRFkku&iru] lq[k&nq[k] vkjksg&vojksg vkfn fuR; dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa lejlrk dk Hkko j[kdj gh vk'kk] mRlkg ds lkFk lQyrk ds Qykxe dh vis{kk dh tk ldrh gSA
Nk;kadu&lkFkZd flag xkSjNk;kadu&lkFkZd flag xkSj
vki tSls fopkj djsaxs oSls vki gks tk;saxsvxj vius vkidks fucZy ekusaxs rks vki fucZy cu tk,axsvkSj ;fn tks vki vius vkidksleFkZ ekusaxs rks vki leFkZ cu tk,axsA
Lokeh foosdkuan
osnçdk'k flag
mi dqylfpo
46
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Matter is under consideration ekeyk fopkjk/khu gS
For favourable action vuqdwy dkjZokbZ ds fy,
Forwarded and recommended vxzsf"kr vkSj laLrqr
May be permitted vuqefr nh tk,
Please expedite compliance'kh?kz vuqikyu dhft,
Please treat this as strictly confidential bls loZFkk xksiuh; le>sa
Please discuss ppkZ dhft,
Please speakckr dhft,
Reminder may be sentvuqLekjd Hkstk tk,
Issue todaysvkt gh tkjh djsa
Seen, thanks ns[k fy;k] /kU;okn
dk;kZy;hu mi;ksxh fVIif.k;k¡
laidZjktHkk"kk çdks"BHkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku dkuiqj ¼m-ç-½nwjHkk"k&0512&259&7122, 2596192
bZesy&arunk@iitk-ac-in, vedps@iitk-ac-in
jlkuqHkwfr ¼jkSæ-jl½
vfHkdYi-lquhrk flag
vks nuqt! gVk ukikd dne] ;g Hkwfeugha lg ik;sxhfgeoku njd dj VwVsxk] /kjrh uhps/k¡l tk;sxhuVjkt ctkrs gSa Me:] rkaMo gksusgh okyk gS[kqy jgh rhljh vk¡[k] rhoz gks jghØks/k dh Tokyk gSgS jkse&jkse esa ofà] ns'k dh ul&ulesa fpuxkjh gStuuh dk nw/k iqdkj jgk] ej&feVusdh rS;kjh gSvks diVkpkjh phu! ltx] [kwa[kkjnfjUnks! lko/kku!ge ve`r&iq=] ge e`R;qaTt;h] js! vfUre fot; gekjh gS
foey jktLFkkuh