atropine. To evaluate the response of ileum or jejunum to differentdrugs, we considered the response of guinea pig's ileum or rabbit'sjejunum to 1 μg/ml of acetylcholine as 100% response.

Results: Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVAand Tukey's Post Hoc test (SPSS 17), with p<0.05 considered to besignificant. Aqueous fractions of Rosa damascena caused increase onthe basal contraction of rabbit's jejunum and guinea pig's ileumcontractions, dose dependently (p<0.001). The response of ileum andjejunum to aqueous fraction was decreased after antagonizing thecholinergic receptors.

Keywords: Rosa damascena, Ileum, Jejunum, Contraction

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.853

Poster — [A-10-835-1]Inhibition effects of Physalis alkekengi extract on xanthineoxidase activity in different phenological stagesMahdieh Hoshani, Manijeh Mianabadi,Mahnaze Aghdasi, Majid Azim-MohseniGolestan, Gorgan, IranE-mail addresses: mhoshani@yahoo.com (M. Hoshani),m.mianabadi@gu.ac.ir (M. Mianabadi),aghdas46@yahoo.com (M. Aghdasi),Azim_mohseni@yahoo.com (M. Azim-Mohseni)

Introduction: Physalis alkekengi (Solanaceae) is a rich source ofvarious antioxidants. There are some reports that show P. alkekengihad been advised for treatment of wide range of diseases includinggout, inflammation, rheumatism and kidney stone. Xanthine oxidasecatalyses the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and then to uricacid, that plays a crucial role in gout. Many natural compounds wererecognized as xanthine oxidase inhibitors such as the most flavonoid,phenol and carotenoid compounds.

Methods: Different part of P. alkekengi including leave, calyx,green and orange fruits harvested from around the Tonekabon, Iran.Then, they dried in dark and powdered. And then, total phenol,flavonoid and carotenoid contents of plant samples were determined.

Results: 0.3 mg·ml−1 of plant extracts in different phonologicalstages exhibited inhibitioneffects onxanthineoxidase activity (from54%to 97% by leave and orange fruit, respectively). Themost content of totalphenol (31.74 mg qGA.g−1·dw−1), flavonoid (5.31 mg qQ.g−1·dw−1)were evaluated from leaves. Nevertheless, the maximum of totalcarotenoid content was observed in orange fruit of P. alkekengi.

Discussion: These results suggest that the extract of Physalisalkekengi in different phonological stages is a valuable source ofantioxidants and xanthine oxidase inhibitor, effectively. Therefore,for treating diseases such as gout caused by antioxidant, it is proposed.

Keywords: Physalis alkekengi, Xanthine oxidase, gout, antioxidant

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.854

Poster — [A-10-849-1]Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid compounds inPrunus mahaleb L. seedArmin Oskoueiana, Reza Sadrabadi Haghighia, Mahmood EbrahimibaFaculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, IranbFaculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, IranE-mail addresses: armin_oskoueian@yahoo.com (A. Oskoueian),rsadrabadi@mshdiau.ac.ir (R.S. Haghighi)

Introduction: Prunus mahaleb L. is also known as Rock cherry andit is native to some parts of Iran. It indicated selective fruit abortion,producing a high proportion of excess flowers that result in low fruitset levels. This reduces the number of poor quality fruit and increasesthe viability of its seeds. The plant is cultivated for spice and itschemical constituents are still unknown. There is lack of informationabout its biological activities although it has long history ofethnopharmacological application. Therefore this research was con-ducted to evaluate the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activityof the Prunus mahaleb L. seeds. Results showed that the total phenolicand flavonoid compounds concentration were 75.7±0.18 and 28.5±0.37 mg/g dry weight respectively. Antioxidant potential evaluationusing free radical scavenging activity method at 100 μg/ml of seedmethanolic extract and positive controls showed the inhibition of55.3±2.65% of free radicals while these values for Vit C, E and BHTwere 92.2±2.2, 95.1±4.23 and 67.5±4.13% respectively. Howeverferric reducing power activities of the seeds methanolic extract,Vit C, E and BHT at 100 μg/ml were 51.9±1.23, 91.4±1.43, 89.8±2.35and 63.6±2.75% respectively. Free radical scavenging activity andferric reducing power activity of the seed methanolic extract weresignificantly)p<0.05 (lower than those positive controls). Althoughthe antioxidant activity of the seed methanolic extract was moderateas compared to the positive controls, still it could be applied as asource of natural antioxidant in food, pharmaceutical and cosmeticindustries and its biological activities could be due to the presence ofphenolics and flavonoids as bioactive compounds present in the seed.

Keywords: Prunus mahaleb, Antioxidant activity, Phenolic, Flavonoid

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.855

Poster – [A-10-849-2]Antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds inAlhagi maurorumOskoueian Armina, Oskoueian Ehsanb, Hendra Rudib,Zohorian Faridac, Samadi Fatemehc, Karimi Ehsand

aFaculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, IranbFaculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences,Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, MalaysiacFaculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, IrandDepartment of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture,University Putra Malaysia, MalaysiaE-mail address: armin_oskoueian@yahoo.com (O. Armin)

Alhagi maurorum is a species of legume known by the commonname of Camelthorn. It is one of the native shrubs in various regions inIran. The seeds are brown and used as a medicinal herb in Iran.Recently, there is growing interest in identification of new sources ofsafe natural antioxidants for food, pharmaceutical and cosmeticindustries. Polyphenols such as flavonoids are the major plantcompounds with antioxidant activity which is reported to be mainlydue to their redox properties and scavenge the free radicals. In thisstudy, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid compoundswere determined from methanolic extract of A. maurorum seed. Theresults showed that the total phenolic and flavonoid compoundsconcentration were 23.83 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dried-weightand 11.53 mg rutin equivalent/g dried-weight respectively. Antiox-idant activity of the extract was measured by using free radicalscavenging activity (DPPH)method and ferric reducing activity power(FRAP) method and then compared with ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol(natural antioxidant), and butylated hydroxytoluene/BHT (syntheticantioxidant). The results showed that the extract was able to inhibit59.5±2.24% DPPH radical while ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and BHTwere able to inhibit 99.4±1.22%, 98.1±3.21%, and 46.8±1.16% at aconcentration of 100 μg/mL respectively. Furthermore, the ability of

Abstracts S343