API PLATFORM 2.1When Symfony meets React

Kévin DunglasFounder of Les-Tilleuls.coop

Symfony Core Team

API Platform creator

@dunglas

Les-Tilleuls.coopSelf-managed company since 2011

100% owned by employees

19 people, 97% growth in 2016

Hiring in Lille, London and Amiens: jobs@les-tilleuls.coop

The Web of 2017

APIs: the Heart of the New Web

Central point to access data

Encapsulate the business logic

Same features available for all channels:webapps, native mobile apps, IoT, enterprise, customers and providers information systems

APIs are the foundations of this new web

SPA: Rich and Fast Webapps

Downloaded and executed only 1 time (first page load)

Use asynchronous HTTP requests to retrieve and modify the raw data (usually JSON) using an API

Huge ecosystem: React/Redux, Angular, Vue, Ember… and probably a new one while I’m speaking

Holds the presentation logic (good-bye Twig)

Standalone apps built using JavaScript, HTML and CSS

Modernized stack: ES2015/16/17, Babel, Webpack, Yarn, Flow, TypeScript…

Native Mobile Apps

Use HTTP requests to retrieve and modify the raw data (usually JSON) using an API but can also work offline

Can be developed using the JS stack: React Native, NativeScript (Angular) - good-bye Cordova

Downloaded from stores (App Store, Google Play)

Look’n’Feel consistent with the platform (iOS or Android)

API Platform:a Framework for 2017

Goals of the Framework

Support modern open API formats

Create a rock-solid API-first system in minutes

Batteries included: everything to create and consume the API

Be able to override, extend and customize everything

Features of API Platform 2.0

They Already Use API Platform

Getting Started

Install

Get DockerIf you don’t already have it…

Install

Provided Docker images - PHP, Nginx, MySQL and Varnish (optional) optimized for Symfony:

Create the database:

Download and extract the ZIP from api-platform.com

Browse http://localhost

$ docker-compose up

$ docker-compose exec php bin/console doctrine:schema:create

A working APIwith just 1 PHP class

Your Turn!

Create your Own Data Model

Write some PHPDoc (optional)

Add the @ApiResource annotation

Map its properties using theDoctrine ORM (optional)

Update the database schema

$ docker-compose run web bin/console doctrine:schema:update --force

Create a Plain Old PHP Object

Your API is Ready!

Out of the Box Features

JSON-LD + Hydra encoding (HAL, XML, YAML, CSV and raw JSON can be enabled through config and you can add yours)

Swagger documentation

Fully featured JavaScript UI using Swagger UI (now built with React) available for all URLs of the API

Create (POST), Retrieve (GET item and lists), Update (PUT) and Delete (DELETE) operations

Pagination for lists (30 items per page), fully configurable

What’s this Format?JSON-LD and Hydra

Credit: Martin Fowlerhttp://martinfowler.com/articles/richardsonMaturityModel.html

JSON-LDStandardized hypermedia format: W3C recommandation (2014)

Easy to use: a standard JSON document with some specials keys (starting with @) and mapped with a context

Backed by Google, BBC, Microsoft, US & UK govs...

Compliant with technologies of the semantic web: RDF, SPARQL, triple store...

JSON for Linked Data

Hydra

Make the API auto-discoverable by clients: all available resources, properties, types and operations are described

Provide a standard format for common structures: collections, paginations, filters, errors…

Documentation of the REST API in JSON-LD

Draft W3C

Data Validation

Addvalidation rules

Many validation constraints available

Ability to create custom constraints

Use the Symfony Validatorcomponent

Relations

Add a Relation

Embedding Relations

Embedded Relations

How does it Work?

REST

Wikipedia

Lexicon

Operation: action on an item or on a collection, usually through HTTP. Internally a Symfony route.

DELETE /books/22

Resource: data exposed by the API, identified by an URL. Internally a PHP object (an entity), externally a document (JSON, HTML, XML…).

item: /books/22 collection: /books

Property: property of a resource. Internally, a class’ property. Externally a document field (e.g. a JSON property). Typed.

It’s Symfony…

Configured with the most popular librariesfor APIsCompatible with all existing bundles

Use Doctrine ORM by default (but you canuse the persistence system you want)

Symfony full stack application

…with something more

Properties’ types and relations are guessed using the Symfony PropertyInfo component

The Metadata component guesses the API’s data structure (resources and properties) form PHP classes marked with @ApiResource

The structure is stored in an intermediate representation used to serialize data and generate API docs (Hydra, Swagger…)

And Even More…Symfony routes are automatically registered for all operations on collections and items. By default:

item: GET, PUT, DELETEcollection: GET, POST

Data is normalized and denormalized using hypermedia normalizers (JSON-LD, Hydra, HAL…) for the Symfony Serializer Component

Event-Driven Architecture

Client-Side Tooling

Foundation of the most popular JS ecosystem out there

A JavaScript library for building user interfacesCreated by Facebook

JSX: write markup inside code

Just like Composer, but for JavaScript.

$ curl -o- -L https://yarnpkg.com/install.sh | bash

$ brew install yarn Mac users:

Create React App

Babel: a JavaScript compiler (ES2015+, JSX, Flow…)

An app skeleton generator

All tools and configs to get started:

Webpack: a module bundler (compile and package your JS, CSS…)

$ yarn global add create-react-app $ create-react-app my-app $ cd my-app $ yarn start

ESLint: identify and report bugs and bad patterns in the code

Integrated web server, live reloading, development and debugging tools

A Basic React Component

Adding some Properties

Adding some Properties

Configuring CORS headers

Loading Some Fixtures

Loading some Fixtures

$ docker-compose exec php bin/console hautelook:fixtures:load

The Admin Generator

API Platform AdminLike Sonata or EasyAdminBundle but as a React SPA

Built on top of Admin On Rest (by Marmelab)

$ yarn add api-platform-admin

Material Design UI

Consume the API using AJAX

Automatically generate the admin by parsing the Hydra API doc

API Platform Admin

Customizing the Admin

The CRUD Generator

API Platform Generate CRUDLike Sensio Generator Bundle, but 100% client-side

Rock solid stack

$ yarn global add api-platform-generate-crud

Twitter Bootstrap support + accessibility (ARIA roles)

Consume the API using ES2015’s fetch()

Automatically generate files by parsing the Hydra API doc

The StackReact, ES2015+, JSX

React Router: client-side routing library

Redux: an extensible container to manage the states of the app

Redux Form: manage form states

Redux Thunk: asynchronous actions (AJAX requests)

Optional: Twitter Bootstrap

Redux

css-tricks.com

Register the Generated code

The API Client

Actions and Creators

Reducers

Components…

…Components Wiring

The Form

React Native Generator

Coming Soon!

Thanks!Any questions?

api-platform/api-platform @ApiPlatform

https://api-platform.com

Extra: More Features!

New in API Platform 2.1

An API as fast as a static website: builtin invalidation-based HTTP cache (Varnish and CloudFlare support)

Client-side tools to consume the API built with React and Redux: an app generator and an admin

Advanced, per-operation authorization rules

Native sub-resources support (e.g. GET /users/1/comments)

A ton of Developer eXperience improvements and better docs

FiltersRegister the filter service (built-in or custom):

Map the filter to the resource

Filters

Content Negotiation

Adding a new format is as simple as creating a new Symfony Normalizer for it

Built-in formats: JSON-LD, HAL, XML, YAML, CSV, JSON, HTML (UI)

To retrieve a resource in a given format: add an Accept HTTP header or use the format name as file extension

Content Negotiation

Content Negotiation: HAL

Content Negotiation: XML

Events

The Schema GeneratorPick an existing data model from (resources and properties) from schema.org:

$ docker-compose exec php vendor/bin/schema generate-types src/ schema.yml

The Schema Generator

The Schema Generator

PHP classes, properties, getters and setters (PSR compliant)Doctrine ORM mapping (including relations and mapped superclasses)Validation constraintsFull PHPDoc extracted from schema human-readable descriptionsMapping with schema.org's IRIs

The generator uses schema.org data to automatically bootstrap:

Relations between classes (supported by the API system too)

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