1

Aquaculture aspects and future demand for seafood

in China

Haijin LIU劉 海金

Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences中国水産科学研究院

Under saturated development of the fishery resources in the world, why FAO has still confidence in the fishery development?

《Responsible Fishery Action Regulation》

World aquaculture developmentPractices in China

3

Report Directory

1 China aquaculture situation1.1 aquaculture situation

1.2 basic points1.3 main issues

2 Future demand of Chinese seafood2.1 demand prognosticate2.2 approach of increase

3 China aquaculture policy3.1 policy review3.2 current policy

4 Conclusions

4

1. China aquaculture situation

1.1 Situation

1.2 Basic points

1.3 Main issues

5

Seafood production in China and World

Resource：FAO Statistics（1950-2008）

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

1950

1954

1958

1962

1966

1970

1974

1978

1982

1986

1990

1994

1998

2002

2006

其他国家水产品总量

中国水产品总量

10000 tons

Year

6

China seafood production（1950-2008）

Resource：China fishery yearbook（1950-2008年）

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

年份

ooooton

淡养殖水

淡水捕捞

海水养殖

海水捕捞

7

2008 Production

2008 China national aquaculture production 48960000 Tons

Sea water aquaculture:13400000 tonsFreshwater aquaculture :20730000 tonMarine fishing:11500000 tonsOcen fishing: 1080000 tonsFreshwater fishing: 2250000 tons

43%

27%

23%

5%2%

海水养殖

淡水养殖

海洋捕捞

远洋渔业

淡水捕捞

8

0

1000000

2000000

3000000

4000000

5000000

6000000

1988 1998 2008

海水养殖

淡水养殖

China aquaculture area

Resource：China fishery yearbook (1988，1998，2008)

hektare

9

Vessel number

2008 Vessls:1039400

Motor vessels: 630600

8284100 tons

19507300 KW

Ocean vessels 1462

784403 KW

10

China ocean fishery situation

Resource：China fishery statistic yearbook（1996-2008）

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

199619971998 199920002001 2002200320042005 200620072008Year

远洋渔业总产量

远洋渔业鱼产量

Ton

11

Seafood international trade（1950-2008）

,000 $

Import Export

Resource：FAO statistics（1976-2008）

0

1000000

2000000

3000000

4000000

5000000

6000000

7000000

8000000

9000000

10000000

1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006

12

2008 international trade value2008 Foreign trade 6848000 tons

16.02 billion us#

Export:2965000 tons10.61 billion us#

Import 3884000 tons5.4 billion us#

Surplus:5.21billion us# 出口（万吨）

进口（万吨）

13

Proportion of seafood in animal protein

Meat 肉

45.71％

Fish 鱼31.67％

Milk 奶

6％

Egg 蛋

16.40％

Fish鱼26.24%

Meat 肉39.01%

Milk奶20.27%Egg蛋14.48

2000年, 3706ton 2000年, 4896ton

3706.23706.2

14

China fishery population

Resource: China fishery yearbook（1983-2008）

Person

Year

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000

14000000

16000000

18000000

198319

8519

8719

8919

9119

9319

9519

9719

9920

0120

0320

0520

07海洋渔业人口

淡水渔业人口

Fishery population: 20961300

15

Fishmen’s income（1950-2008）,0000 RMB

Average net income per person

Average net income per Labour

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007Year

Resource：China fishery yearbook（1979-2008）

16

With the conversion from fishing to aquaculture, production manner has been improved, and yield has been increased, living standard of fishmen and social civilization

has been promoted.

17

Nature ecosystem

Sun energy,

nutrition salt plankton trash fish

high-value fish

18

Complex aquaculture of scallop and kept

19

New ecosystem: aquaculture system

Sun energy,

nutrition salt plankton

fish

20

China freshwater aquaculture production

930.5,52%

843.5,48%

Non-feeding fishFeeding fish

freshwater aquaculture roduction: 17740000 tons（China fishery yearbook， 2003）

21

中国海水养殖产量构成Chinese aquaculture production

structurealga12% fish4% scallop85

%

seawater aquaculture production: 11740000 tons（China fishery yearbook， 2003）

985138.451.9

22

1.2 China aquaculture basic characteristics

1.2.1 aquaculture production persistent increasing and its

price stably decreasing;

1.2.2 many plankton and phytophagous animals ；

1.2.3 large aquaculture area and many aquaculture

means;

1.2.4 advanced aquaculture technology, long history and

three-dimensional ecological aquaculture；

1.2.5 support from government：conservation policy，

fish pond standard rehabilitation ，tax free，

subsidy etc.

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1.3 Main issues of China aquaculture

1. Environment pollution

2. Reduction of resources: space, water, feed etc.

3. Sea food safety: water, pesticide etc.

4. Limited scientific technology （utilization of

cold water and lake）

24

Pollutions increasing

P N

25

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

2004 2006 2008

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35污染次数

污染面积

China fishery pollution accidents

Resource：China fishery environment gazette（2004，2006，2008）

No. of accidents per year

000, hectare

26

2000-2010 China aquaculture feed production

27

Sea food safety

Domestic: turbot accident:

pesticide index exceed, no body buy，10000 tons production wasted, lost 1 billion Yuan, 3 years being recoveredInternational:

28

Report Directory

1 China aquaculture situation1.1 aquaculture situation1.2 basic points1.3 main issues2 Future demand of Chinese seafood

2.1 China sea food consumption survey2.2 China sea food demand

3 China aquaculture policy3.1 policy review3.2 current policy

4 Conclusions

29

2 China sea food future demand

2.1 China sea food consumption

survey

2.2 China sea food demand

2.2 Approaches of increasing

China sea food

30

2.1 Current consumption survey

1990-2003 average sea food consumption per person per year（kg）

Resource：China agriculture statistics yearbook（1990-2003）

0

5

10

15

20

25

1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 年份

消费

量（

公斤

）

水产品

猪肉

家禽

鲜蛋

31

2.2 Sea food demand

Resource：Shanghai Fishery University project ，2000

Population expect (000000000person)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

年份

人口

预测

（亿

人） 东部

中部

西部

总计

32

Consumption per person (kg)

Resource：Shanghai Fishery University project ， 2000

24.34

29.61

36.23

42.85

65.6

10.4713.32

16.1719.03

27.59

0.75 1.09 1.62 2.6

8.64

13.716.9

20.6

24.3

37.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2000 2005 2010 2015 2030 年份

人均

消费

量预

测（

公斤

）

东部

中部

西部

总计

33

Sea food demand （million tons）

Resource：Shanghai Fishery University project ，2000

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2000 2005 2010 2015 2030 年份

中国

水产

品需

求量

（百

万吨

）

东部

中部

西部

总计

59390000 tons

34

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

城乡居民食用水产品预测值

加工工业原料消费预测值

出口预测值

损耗预测值

Demand prognostication（Zhu Xinkai equation）

,0000 tons

year

35

Result of prognostication

Population: 2030: 1.46 billionConsumption per person：

2030: 37.1kg/year/personDemand: 2030: 59390000 tonsProduction: 2030: 56860000 tons

36

Report Directory

1 China aquaculture situation1.1 aquaculture situation

1.2 basic points1.3 main issues

2 Future demand of Chinese seafood2.1 demand prognosticate2.2 approach of increase

3 China aquaculture policy3.1 policy review3.2 current policy

4 Conclusions

37

3.1 China aquaculture policy review

Three phases：

1955-1985，fishing in nature resources;

1985-2000，aquaculture being more popular and new fishery development policy being established;

2000-2009，paying attention to sustainable development, resource and environment protection; “resource conservation + quality & benefit” modern fishery being put forward.

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3.2 Current aquaculture policy

1. Persist in conservation policy, promote healthy aquaculture, ensure sustainable development of fishery;

2. Improve management, ensure sea food safety;

3. Enhance resources conservation, increase enhancement and delivery activities, ensure sustainable utilization of resources;

4. Strengthen scientific studies, elevate ability of resources utilization and aquaculture technology.

39

Report Directory

1 China aquaculture situation1.1 aquaculture situation

1.2 basic points1.3 main issues

2 Future demand of Chinese seafood2.1 demand prognosticate2.2 approach of increase

3 China aquaculture policy3.1 policy review3.2 current policy

4 Conclusions

40

4 Conclusion1. China aquaculture could be sustainable

developed, but its development rate will be decreased.2. Prognosticate: increasing rate of production will

be lower than consumption within 20 years.3. Main issues that effecting aquaculture

development will be environment pollution, reduction of resources, and sea food safety.

41

Thank you !

It will be optimistic, as long as the aquatic resources are developed in a sustainable way.