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Arb and Real-Time Signal Generation

Vector Signal GeneratorArb and Real-Time Signal Generation


Purpose

• To describe the differences between Arbitrary waveform generation (Arb) and real-time waveform generation

• To understand the difference between component test and receiver test

• To experience the flexibility of Arb signals• To demonstrate the similarities between Arb and real-time

waveforms• To familiarize you with the external waveform creation tool

Signal Studio


Digital (I/Q) ModulationFormat Modes

The signal generator supports two types of baseband signal generation:

• Arbitrary waveform playback (Arb) mode

Commonly associated with component test

Can also be used for receiver test

• Real-time mode

Is typically associated with just receiver test


A Signal Generator Requirement for Digital ModulationTo use either the ARB or Real-time features to create digital modulation, a vector signal generator must have an internal baseband generator (BBG):

Memory is important for playing Arb waveforms.

---

xx

Opt 601100 MSa/s

8 MSa

Baseband Generator OptionsSignal Generator Model

x

------

Opt 654125 MSa/s

8 MSa

x

------

Opt 65260 MSa/s

8 MSa

xx---N5162A/82A

------xE8267D------xE4438C

Opt 01964 MSa

Opt 651

30 MSa/s*8 MSa

Opt 602100 MSa/s

64 MSa


Arb Waveforms

• The Arb provides unlimited signal creation flexibility for a shortamount of time.

• Customers typically use signals that are less than one minute inlength.


Arb Waveforms

• Used for testing both system components (such as amplifiers) and receivers.

• The signal generator generates a waveform and saves it to a file, so the waveform has a finite length.

• The signal generator then plays this file once or multiple times.

• The file can be stored on the signal generator and recalled for use later.


Arb Waveforms

The Arb generates various I/Q waveform types:

• User defined—create your own waveform or develop new modulation schemes

• Standardized modulation schemes (W-CDMA, cdma, TD-CDMA, etc.)


Arb Waveforms

Some of the Arb waveform creation tools for standardized modulation schemes do not incorporate all of the coding and framing typically associated with these types of signals. These signal are used for component testing.

Arb waveform creation tools that do incorporate the coding and framing can be used for both component and receiver tests.


Arb Waveforms

For the Arb waveforms that do not incorporate the coding and framing, their signal is statistically equivalent to the fully coded and framed signal.

Includes Coding and Framing No Coding and Framing


Arb Waveform Creation Tools

The signal generator supports waveforms from both internal and external signal creation tools.

Embedded (Internal) ToolsOptional signal generator features that allow the signal generator to both create and play waveforms. Typically 4xx series of options.

401 cdma2k400 W-CDMAThe BBG option also includes these

tools:

• Custom—waveform creation tool (E4438C & E8267D)

• Dual ARB Player—only plays waveforms (E4438C, E8267D, N5162A/82A)


Arb Waveform Creation ToolsExternal ToolsThis refers to software tools used to create the waveform and then it is downloaded to the signal generator for playback. The signal generator still requires a BBG to store and play the waveforms.

EEsof ADS Connected Solutions

Typically N76xxA/B Model Number (requires license purchase)• N7600B W-CDMA HSPA• N7613A WiMAX

Other Software Tools• C++

• MATLAB• Visual Basic

• Agilent VEE


Arb Block Diagram

DAC16

DAC16

Filter

Q

IOver -sampling

DataGenerator

Signal Studioor

Customer File

16

16Q RAM64 MSa

Signal Studioor

Customer File

16

16

16

16

Over -sampling

DSPI RAM64 MSa

ToI/Q modulator

Filter

Internal arbitrary waveform generator block diagram (option 602)

Waveform memory

BBG Memory in the MXG

Waveform memory

BBG Memory in the MXG


Real-Time Signals

Real-time signal creation tools do just what the name implies, they create the signal in real-time. There is no stored file, nor is the signal finite in length.

Real-time tools provide limited signal creation flexibility for a long period of time. The modulation types are fixed.

Customers may use signals that are minutes to hours long.


Real-Time Signal Channel Coding

Signals created for standardized modulation schemes (TDMA, cdma, W-CDMA, etc.) are fully coded and framed.

Since the signals are fully coded, they can be used to test the entire receiver side of a system. Great for BER testing.


Real-Time Block Diagram

I/QSymbolBuilder

16

16

Created in DSP and continuouslystreamed to DAC

DAC16

Filter

DAC16

FilterOver -

sampling

Over -sampling

External Data input

I

Q

CustomerUser File(6.4MB)

DataGenerator

Repeated indefinitely

Infinite data lengthUse for BER and BLER testing

Built-in data patterns


Real-Time Signal Creation ToolsReal-time (RT) signal creation tools also include both embedded and external products.

Embedded Tools

Just like the Arb, there are optional signal generator features that allow the signal generator to create real-time signals. Typically 4xx series of options.

401 cdma2k400 W-CDMA

The BBG option also includes this tool:

• Custom—signal creation tool (E4438C & E8267D)

The N5162A/82A MXG supports only two real-time capabilities: Option 403 AWGN and Option 432 Phase Noise.

(A 4xx option can contain both RT & Arb tools)


Real-Time Signal Creation ToolsExternal Tools

Typically N76xxA/B Model Number (requires license purchase)(A signal studio product is either real-time or Arb based.)

The signal generator still requires a BBG to create the signals.

Embed SCPI commands in the code to create the signal.

• C++• MATLAB

• Visual Basic

Other Software Tools

• Agilent VEE


Summary

Real-Time

• Primarily used in receiver testing.

• Provides limited signal creation flexibility for a longamount of time.

Arb

• Used for both component and receiver testing.

• Provides unlimited signal creation flexibility for a shortamount of time.

For information about signal creation tools (embedded and external) visit:

www.agilent.com/find/signalstudio

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