ARC 344 FPPEREN TURAN /1544303

INTRODUCTION

ABSTRACT

RESEARCH PROGRESS

END-PRODUCT DESIGN PROCESS

GROUNDWATER POLLUTION

CONCLUSION

TOPIC : WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL WASTES ON

GROUNDWATERS ?

THE REASONS OF TOPIC SELECTION

Widespread & Important issue

Environmently concious

END-PRODUCT FORMATION

A3 Poster

Aim : The purpose of this study is to make a research on the effects of chemical wastes on groundwater and identify effects on human and the environment.

In this study , chemicals wastes in groundwater, pollution and possible solution methods are investigated and presented.

CHEMICAL THREATS ON GROUNWATER AND THEIR EFFECTS

Natural Chemical Wastes

Synthetic Chemical Wastes

Industrial Chemical Wastes

Agricultural Chemical Wastes

Groundwater Minerals

Sodium , Calcium, Potasium, Chloride, Bicarbonate, sulfate

Undrinkable

İf the mineral exceed 1.000 mg / liter

Dangerous Minerals

Biological Organisms such as bacteria , protozoans , viruses

Causes waterborne diseases

Sodium(%) mg/L Water class

< 2020-4040-6060-8> 80

excellentgoodpermissibledoubtfulunsuitable

Total hardness as CaCO3, (parts/mil) Water class

0-75 75-150150-300> 300

softmoderate hardHardvery hard

http://www.ejchem.net/PDF/V6NS1/S211-S218.pdf

Factory waste , domestic sewage , storage tanks produces

synthetic Chemicals

hydrocarbon

complex polymers

gasoline and oil

how is it mixing to the ground?

landfills

rain waters http://www.enviroblog.org/2008/10/whither-plastics-and-whither-humanity.html

improper drain

Mines, factories, refineries and electronics makers produces heavy metals

copper

lead

mercury

Man-made chlorinated solvents (trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene)

Air pollution by industy

toxic gasses : nitrogen dioxide or sulfur dioxide seep into the ground

http://wihresourcegroup.wordpress.com/2009/10

Industrial farming

man-made agricultural chemicals

herbicides, pesticides and antibiotics. 

These wastes, with high levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and pathogens, can

contaminate the local aquifer.

NATURE OF CHEMICAL WASTE POLLUTION

IMPACTS ON PEOPLE

IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT

NOTABLE EXAMPLES

PRECAUTIONS

RESPOND AND RECOVERY ISSUES

CONCLUSION

THE EFFECTS OF ACID RAINS ON WATER AND LAND SOIL

GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CLEANING UP METHODS

BIOREMEDITION

TREATMENT

http://www.maine.gov/dep/air/acidrain/

‘’Protection of groundwater sources is becoming a more widespread global

concern by the recent European Commission directive which focuses on

preventing rather than cleaning up pollution’’ (EC 2003).

Water Science for Schools(2000) http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/earthgwusetrend.html

Groundwater is the water which is in underground surface together with rock formation

Surface water is the water wh ich is in rivers, lakes, oceans

Groundwater tends to move very slowly and with little turbulence, dilution,

or mixing , so once contaminants reach groundwater and they form a

concentrated plume that flows along with groundwater.

Containing the contaminants to prevent them from migrating from their

source;

Removing the contaminants from the aquifer;

Remediating the aquifer by either inactivating or detoxifying the

contaminants while they are still in the aquifer;

Treating the groundwater at its point of use; and

Leaving the use of the aquifer and finding an alternative source of water.

Pump-and-treat method

Air Sparging System

http://echo2.epfl.ch/VICAIRE/mod_3/chapt_12/main.htm

http://www.cee.vt.edu/ewr/environmental/teach/gwprimer/airsparg/airsparg.html

Bioremediation is a treatment method which uses naturally accurring

microorganisms to get rid of some contaminations into less toxic or non-toxic

substances. By adding nutrients or oxygen, this process can be recovered and used to effectively

clean up a contaminated aquifer.

Advantages Environmently friendly Minimal disturbance Comparatively inexpensive

http://besg.group.shef.ac.uk/Research_Area/Applied_Biofilm/Bioremediation.htm

Depending on the complexity of the aquifer and the types of contamination,

some groundwater cannot be restored to a safe drinking quality. Under

these circumstances, the only way to regain use of the aquifer is to treat the

water at its point of use.

The study has stated that the types of chemicals on groundwater contamination. Then,

how these chemicals affets on groundwater was shown. The substantial solutions of

groundwater contamination was investigated . The study has also shown that water

rcycling was simple and essential solution to prevent groundwater pollution.

Rajendra Prasad D.S, Sadashivaiah.C, Rangnna.G (2009), Hydrochemical Characteristics and Evaluation of Groundwater Quality of Tumkur Amanikere Lake Watershed, Karnataka, India ,vol.6 pp. 211-218

http://www.ejchem.net/PDF/V6NS1/S211-S218.pdf Peiyue.L ,Hui.Q, Jianhua.W (2011) , Hydrochemical Characteristics and Evolution Laws of

Drinking Groundwater in Pengyang County, Ningxia, Northwest China, vol.8 ,issue 2,pp.565-575

http://www.ejchem.net/PDF/V8N2/565-575.pdf Golwer.A , Matthess.G , Schneider,W.(1971) , Effects of waste deposits on groundwater

quality, Groundwater Pollution Symposium (Proceedings of the Moscow Symposium , Vol. 103.

http://itia.ntua.gr/hsj/redbooks/103/iahs_103_0159.pdf Hugh H. Russell, John E. Matthews, and Guy W. Sewell ( Jan, 1992), Ground Water

Issue TCE Removal from Contaminated Soil and Ground Water, http://www.epa.gov/tio/tsp/download/tce.pdf