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Hnnnw -A-õo-Hnnnw -A-õo-¨-cmb-u-cmb-uÇn A-õo-n A-õo-¨-c--c-lo-c-õo-o-c-õo-¨x uhn-uan A-õo-x uhn-uan A-õo-¨-co--co-Þx.- x.-

-A-õy-A-õy1iw eo-f|nx iw eo-f|nx #-X-\n b-Yn-hn-u\y-en eo-u[-an--X-\n b-Yn-hn-u\y-en eo-u[-an-lo-uin-o-uin-^n C-Zw i-eox.. n C-Zw i-eox.. ñA\|bw:-A\|bw:-- - b bÇx A-õo-x A-õo-¨-x A-x Alox A-õo-ox A-õo-¨-x uhn-a-x A-õo--x uhn-a-x A-õo-¨x C-x C-Þx A-õo-x A-õo-¨-x. -x.

-A-iam eo-f|nx -A-iam eo-f|nx #X\nx b-Yn Aõo Ahn\o Gex A-X\nx b-Yn Aõo Ahn\o Gex A-lo-uin-o-uin-^nb C-Zw i-eox eou[a..nb C-Zw i-eox eou[a..

]Zn±Yw:-]Zn±Yw:-- b bÇx = bÇw, A-õo-A-õo-¨-x-x = FÈnboS=w 5ISanboco%Á h¿bn!è, Aloxox =

u5cIf2o, A-õo-A-õo-¨-x-x = FÈnboS=w 5ISanboco%Á h¿bn!è, uhnaxuhnax = fnÐanb

haneÙ, A-õo-A-õo-¨x = FÈnboS=w 5ISanboco%Á h¿bn!è, C-C-Þxx = AloÆÁeÌw

Alobo%ÁeÌw, A-õo-A-õo-¨-x-x = FÈnboS=w 5ISanboco%Á h¿bn!è. -A-iam A-iam = Rn°,

eo-f|nx eo-f|nx = eof|¿otd, #X\nx = ÈxJºujÆw ÈcoXºujÆw D]¼eºujÆw, b-Ynb-Yn = Fºt\

bnuWn, AõoAõo = FÈnboSK\oèw, Ahn\oAhn\o = \wtÃâ¿oÐjÆÁXm, GexGex = AHu]ntd,

A-A-lo-uin-o-uin-^nbnb = Alouin^¿n², C-ZwC-Zw = Î, i-eoxi-eox = ieoæItj, eou[a eou[a = eoufgè]

¿o² eo\oubnKoÑnêw..

-eo-g-b-º³-eo-g-b-º³:-:- b-Çw, A-lo, uhn-a°, C-Þ°,

Î-f|c°, Pp-en-Zn-em, 5-#-Xo, eo-Zy, Çn-\w,

eo-Çn-\w, ½-wo, hn-ayn-e-Ù, 5-j-bw, i-eo-

ôm, b-Ç-hn-a-ro-I³, eo-f|w, A-lo-?o-b, A-lo-

uin-^w, uin-Xn-em, !-ucn-io-X°, E-go, uZ-e-X,

?-aw, A-?-aw, ]-cn-?-aw, eo-uf-g-h-¿n-Çn-\w,

h-¿, ô-Y-W-º³, uan-¸w, _-ª-X, hw-c-¸-

Ww C-Xyn-Zo A-u\-Iw eo-g-b-º³.

a-a-Ôn±-Ywn±-Yw:-:- A-È-ubn an-\-e-uc! \o-º³ A-lo-Æ-I,

F-Èn-bo-S-=w \o-l-à-\o-ò-è b-Çw F-èm. B

b-Ç-¿o-tÂ u5-c-I-f-2o-bn-b-lo-Æw Feo-tS-

Æw \o-l-à -\o-ò-è, Î A-lo-eo-tÂ eyn-]-I-X|-

¿n² P-\o-%-Á uhn-a-Ìw hv-ay-=-an-Wm \p.

A-Xo-tÂ In-c-WÐn-c-\n-b C-Þ° h±-e-ey-n]o-

bn-!-è. A-º-t\-Æ-É C-Þn-[o-]-[o-bn-b Rn°

(F-tÂ b-Ç-¿n²) \o-tÂ F-Èn-eo-[ Èx-J-º-uj-

Æw È-co-X-º-uj-Æw D-]-¼-e-º-uj-Æw \-fo-Ão-®-I-j-

Æ-è. A-H-u]n-td e-ªo-an-Ìw eo-Z|n-Ì-an-b-e°

eo-uf-g-è]-¿o² i-eo-õ-I-tj eo-\o-ubn-Ko-Ñm

A-lo-uin-^-¿n² F-Èn-eo-[ Èx-J-º-uj-Æw È-co-

X-º-uj-Æw D-]-¼-e-º-uj-Æw \-fo-Ão-®- I-j-Æ-è.

B eo\oubnKt¿ \pbloÆI AÌ~o%I.

eyn-Jyn-\weyn-Jyn-\w:--- a-Ôw A-Y±-e-ue-Z-¿o² \o-èm.

E-go A-Y±-e° uZ-e-X ao-^-Ìw e-ç-W-Ìw. ue-Zn-

cw-õw X-tÁ A-lo-tb-Á E-X|o-Ðo-tÂ Ó-Xo-bn-dn-

Wm, A-lo !-ucn-io-X-\n-Wm F-èm 5-Òn-e-®-¾m

A-eo-tS. b-Ç-uZ-e-\n-Wm B !-ucn-io-X°, uin-

Xn--=w A-e°-X-tÁ. h±-K-?o-bn-hn-cw X-tÁ-bn-

W-eo-tS Ó-Xo-Ð-tÃ-â-Á-Xm. A-õo-¨x F-Á 5-ubn-K-

an-Wm Î a-Ô-¿o-tÂ h-eo-uf-g-X. H-Ãw A-lo-

uin-^-=w A-Xo-tÂ i-eo-ô±-]-W-=w F-Ðo-\n-bo

a-Ì-gy-uc-e-çw A-Ì-~o-Ð-Ww F-Án-Wm a-Ôw

D-]-uZ-fo-%-Á-Xm. C-Þ-Ìw uhn-a-Ìw A-lo-Æw

Î b-Ç-¿o-tÂ A-\o-en-cy-an-b Aw-K-º-jn-Wm.

eyXyÒan-b b-Ç-¿o² A-e-ç-tS eyn-]-I-X|w

a-Ôw te-jo-en-%-è. Î-f|-c-u\-Æw Pp-en-Zn-eo-

u\-Æw 5-#-Xo-ub-Æw b-Yn-?-aw C-Þ-uhn-an-lo

F-Á ?-a-¿o² a-Ôw A-e-X-co-Ão-%-è. H-Ãw


A-õo-¨x F-èw 5-ubn-Ko-Ño-co-%-è. h±-e-eyn-]-I-

¿|-t¿-Æw h-¿n-]-c-an-Æ-É A-Ùo-Ò|-t¿-Æ-

an-Wm A-õo-¨x F-Á 5-ubn-K-¿n² E-go I-t¾-

K-Á-Xm. h±-e-eyn-]-I-X|w Î-f|-c-\o² !-So-tIn-

=-è F-Á X-¿|-Çn-\-¿o-Ì-In-cWw Pp-en-

Zn-=w 5-#-Xo-Æ-an-Wm. Pp-en-Zn-eo-êw 5-#-Xo-bo-

êw A-e° eyn-Ñ-\n-Wm, A-uÃn³ Pp-en-Zn-eo-tÂ

eyn-]-I-X|w F-eo-tS? A-e° ô-Y-W-º-jn-b

5-#-Xo-bn² D-Xm]-Á-an-!-Á f-cp-c-¿o² Hn-X-

u5n-X-an-!-è. ®-So ®-X² \-Jn-rw e-tc A-e°

eyn-Ñ-\n-Wm. 5-#-Xo-bn-!-Á f-cp-c-an-!-Á h±-e-

Xo-êw eyn-Ñ-\n-Wm Pp-en-Zn-em. A-uÃn³ 5-#-Xo-

bo-td h±-e-eyn-]-I-X|w F-Ðo-dn-Wm. ½-wo-bo-dn-

W-u^!. Î-f|-c-Ìw Pp-en-Zn-=w 5-#-Xo-Æw uN±-

tÁn-ç-%-Á Î h±-e-eyn-]-I-X|-an-Wm A-õo-¨x.

¨x h-¿n-bnw F-è \o-ç-2w. h-¿-I-jo² ]-co-

Wn-a-¿o-Ì-eo-u[-b-an-In-tX c-¾o-Èn-tX H-Án-bo

\o-d-tIn-=-Á A-ttZ|-Xw A-Y-en Î-f|-c-h-¿.

A-u\-I-X|-t¿, _-*-X|-t¿ X-tÂ A-Òo-X|-

u_n-[-¿n² D-l-Ão-%-Á h-Jn-=w \o-Xy-Ì-an-b

Pp-en-Zn-em, A-\o-Xy-an-b-Hw F-Án² \o-Xy-an-b

ô-Y-Wn-Z-I-h-¿-bn-b Î 5-#-Xo-Æw A-õo-

¨x-eo-d-S-©-Á-Xn-Wm. Î ô-X|-an-W-u^ b-Ç-

¿o-tÂ In-c-Ww. Î-f|-c-tÂ b-Ç-an-Wm ½-wo,

Pp-en-Zn-eo-tÂ b-Ç-an-Wm ½-wo, 5-#-Xo-Æ-tS-

Æw b-Ç-an-Wm ½-wo. A-Xo-\n² b-Çw h±-

e-Xo-êw eyn-Ñ-an-Wm. C-Xo² u[-w-an-b b-Çw

B-ç-uS-Xm F-Án-Wm uNn-Zy-ta-¹o² A-Xm A-e-uÂ-

Xm X-tÁ. I-c-Ww B b-Çw an-^-an-Wm A-e-

Ì-ue-¾o-b-Èn-tX \o±-F-io-Ð-tÃ-â-Á-Xm. F-tÂ

F-Èn b-Ç-º-;w a-e-É-e±-Ðm ue-¾o-bn-Wm

F-èm 5-Jyn-]o-%-en° I-ko-Æ-I A-e-Ì an-^-

an-Wm. 5-#-Xo-Æ-tS b-Ç-¿o² Î-f|-c-tÂ-Æw

Pp-en-Zn-eo-tÂ-Æw hn-Áo-[yw B-e-fy-®-¾m. Pp-

en-Zn-eo-tÂ b-Ç-¿o-dn-I-t½ Î-f|-c-tÂ-Æw

5-#-Xo-Æ-uS-Æw hn-Áo-[yw B-e-fy-®-¾m. F-Án²

u[-~-an-b Î-f|-cp-b b-Ç-¿o² 5-#-Xo-Æ-uS-

Æw Pp-en-Zn-eo-tÂ-Æw h-in-bw A-e-Ìm B-e-fy-

ao-È-t^!. u\n-&! uZ-e-hy ]-fy-In-eyw \-a-an-c

\- Pp-cy-Xo! a-c-W-ao-Èn-¿ In-eyw a-c-W-ao-Èn-¿-e-

\o² \o-uÁ P-\o-&. 5-#-Xo eo-#-Xo-tb 5n-]o-

%-Á-Xm B-cn-dn-Wm Î-f|-c-\n², Pp-en-Zn-em

_-ª-u\n ®-2-u\n B-!-Á-Xm B-cn-dn-Wm Î-f|-

c-\n-dn-Wm. F-¹o-udn A-e-tÂ I±-a-¿o² b-Ç-

¿o² B-uc-Æw A-e° ]-¹n-jo-bn-%-Áo-È. B

b-Çw A-e-Ì-ue-¾o-Æw A-È. A-H-tIn-¾n-Wm

B b-Çw u[-~-X-a-an-bo an-c-Á-Xm.

-u[-~-\n-b b-Çn-[o-]-Xo a-Ì-gy-ucn-Sm D-]

-uZ-fo-%-Á-Xm b-Ç-h|-è-]-t¿-b-lo-¼m \p

b-Çw tN-æ F-Án-Wm. F-tÐ-Án² b-Çw

uZ-e-Ð-P-Æw hw-K-Xp-I-c-W-=w Zn-\-=-an-Wm. C-eo-tS

A-lo-uin-^n-b C-Zw i-eox eo-u[-a F-Án-Wm

a-Ôn-\|-bw A-e-hn-\o-%-Á-Xm. Î ue-Z-eo-[o-

bn-dn-e-Ww E-go-an± uZ-e-Ð-P-Æ-tS B-Zy-]-So-

bn-bo A-lo-uin-^-t¿ I-¾-Xm. ~-1-Nn-co-Æw

[-i-Ù-Ìw en-\-5-Ùo-Æw X-tÂ B-[yn-Zo-

uIn-]n-h-\-Ém uf-gw tN-å-Á B-Zy-I±-a-an-Wm

A-lo-uin-^w. A-Xm F-Èn-Zo-\-¿o-êw A-Ì-~o-%-Á-e-cn-W-u^ uZ-e-X|-t¿-bn±-P-o-%-Á-Xm. b-Çw

½-wo-Æ-tS !-\-cn-eo-o-X-I-d-bn-Wm. ½-wo-ueZo-

Æ-tS 5-Xp-I-an-Wm b-Ç-ue-Zo. A-eo-tS b-Ç-

b-P-an-\-Ìw b-P-an-\-]-Uo-Æw A-lo-uin^-t¿

A-Ì-~o-%-è. AXm \obaÐ±eI®É AÌ~n

\anWm. h|.\ucÞ¨g® bÇt¿ e±Wo% ÁXm InüI. -ue-Z-a-Ô-º-jo² 5-Xo-]n-Zo-X-an-b

b-Çw ½-wo-b-Ç-an-Wm. A-Xo-tÂ eyn-Jyn-\

-an-Wm, è-]-I-an-Wm, a-Ì-gy± \-S-K-Á ¼-ey-b-

Ç-º³. Cv b-Ç-º-jn-I-t½, [-ª-bo²

B-[n-co-X-an-Wm. X±-Ð-¿o-Ìw Æ-2o-%w [-ª-

tb B-uZ-fw tN-å-en° I-ko-eo-È. D-Zn-i-c-Ww

]-l-bnw. ?-ª-cn-b an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð-tj I-]-go-%-

Á-Hw A-e-ç-tS A-uÐy-wo (f-e-hw-¾n-c) ]-cy-

Ð-®-É I±a-º³ tN-å-Á-Hw [-ª-tb B-à-Z-

an-Ðo-bn-Wm. C-Xm B-e-fy-an-uWn F-è uNn-Zo-

Ðn° a-Ì-gye-ªo-Ðm I-ko-=-¾m. an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð³

5-#-Xo-Z-¿-an-b 5n-bw _n-[o-Ñm ?-ª-cn-b-Xn-Wm.

A-Xo²\o-Ám C-\o A-e± c-¸-tÃ-So-È. A-Xo-

\n² A-e-tc I-]-go-%-Á-Hw No-Io-eo-%-Á-Hw

hn-Ä-¿o-I\-w-=w 5-ubn-P-\-c-io-X-=w X-tÁ-

bn-!-è. ¹-Sn-tX, C-\o-b-e± !-tl-Ðn-dw ¹-So

Pp-eo-Ño-ç-Án-êw udn-I-¿o-\m \-w-a-Èn-tX dn-õ-

tan-èw D-¾n-=-I-bo-È, A-Xo-\n² A-e± I-ko-e-

Hw u\-c-u¿ a-co-Ð-t½ F-Ám X±-ÐÆ-2o-I-;-tS

5n-ubn-Ko-Iõn-g-bo² hw-hn-co-Ðn-=-Á-Xn-Wm.

C-¿-cw X±-Ð-e-ªo e-è-¹-Sn-tX-bo-co-%-Á-Xo-

\n-Wm 5n-b-an-b-e-tc ]-co-N-co-%-Á-Xo-Ì [n-ªw

F-è u]-co-½-Xm. [-ª-bn² an-^w tN-uÇ-¾-Xm

F-Án-Wm [n-ª-¿o-\±Yw. eo-Zyn-õyn-h Ùn-]-

\-º³, B-I-]-ô-I³ ®-X-dn-b-e-Æ-tS-tb-Ènw

°-dn-[n-cw [-ª-bn-Wm. !-tl ucn-Ko-I³ a-co-Ñn-

udn, !-tl-bn-;-I³ \o-c-¸-c-!-¸o-I-jn-bn-udn

udn-I-¿o-\m H-èw e-cn-\o-È, ]-u¸, A-º-t\


h|. \uch|. \ucÞ¨g®g®

hw-õ-eo-Ðn-Xo-co-Ðn° \nw [-ªo-%-è.- -[-ª-bn

A-lox h-ao-[y-uX. [-ª-bn +-b-uX i-eox.- -[-ª-bn² b-Çn-Zo-I³ \-S-%-è F-Ám E-uK|Zw.

½-wo-bo² \-S-%-Á-tX-Ènw [-ª-Æ-tS ]-cyn-b

-º-jn-Wm. E-H-Ð-;-tS Xn-j-_-ª-an-b ]-coe±-¿-

\w, !-¦-^-d-°-dn-Zo-I-;w [n-\yn-Zo-I-;w b-Yn-In-dw

D-¾n-!-Á-Xm, ¼-cy-N-Þn-Zo-I-;-tS ª-a-Ww F-Áo-e-

tb-Ènw [-ª-bo² A-So-Æ-l-Ñ-Hw H-co-Ð-êw A-[-

ª-an-In-¿-H-an-Wm. A-e-Æ-tS E-Xw (Xn-j-_-ª-X)

I-¾m dv-Io-I-P-K-¿o² a-Ì-gy± I±a--_-ª-

cn-!-è. Hn-ucn I±a--=w A-Xn-Xo-uÂ-Xn-b Xn-j-

¿o² tN-bmtX-¹o-ud ^-d-5n-Ño-Æ-¾n->. A-Èn-

¿-]-¸w A-Xm !I±a--an-!w. eo-K \-â-Á-Xo-\m,

]-c-an-e-[o B-k-®-¾m. B-l-So Xn-G-bo² !-ko-tb-â-

¿m eo-K \-½n² A-H ®-j-®e-co-I-bo-È. ?-an-[o-

Iw e-j-ao-â-Á tN-So ®-c-So-®-u]n-!w. b-Ô-õn-K-º³

#-Xy-an-b e-ê-Ã-¿o-êw I-â-Ã-¿o-êw \o±a-o-

Ño-tÈ-¹o² uN-cn-tX-ubn, 5-?-¿o-Ðn-tX-ubn

u]n-!w. C-º-t\ h±-e-^ In-ü-en° I-ko-Æ-Á

\o-Lo-XX|w b-Ç-¿o-êw Ê-fy-an-Wm.-

bÇw hwçW¿oÌ edob5n[n\yw \îè¾m. I±a^dhoªnÐanWm B 5n[n\yt¿

\®Ðm u_n[ytÃâKÁXm. uZeîn± ÐP\pbcn

Wm. Ae± ÐPoÐn¿oSw AæcînçtS õcW

¿o° Ipkodn!è FÁnWm !cnWIYn

IY\w. \ZoÆw Pd=w äoÆw enÆ=w acº;w

InjÆw ]I=w !XocÆw FÐoÌm FdoÆw

InÐÆw ÐÑÆw ]½oÆw etc aÌgy±Ðm uZeîn

cnWm. B uZeîn± ÐPoÐtÃuS¾H¾m Ae±

ÐPoÐtÃSn¿oSanWu^ AæcudnIw. Î ao

botd bÇº;tS uZeîncnWe±. Îf|cpb

bÇ¿n² Dçenbect^ Î uZeîntcÈnw.

\®Ðm an^®ÉXnWm Î udnI=w AXoêÉ

tXÈnw Fè®É NoÐ AæcînçuSXnWm.

Ae± Xº³Ðnbo bÇõneaoÈn¿ bUt¿

tNÓtInu¾boco%è. \ZoÆw Pd=w äoÆw

enÆ=w acº;w InjÆw ]I=w !XocÆw

FÐoÌm FdoÆw InÐÆw ÐÑÆw ]½oÆw FÈnw

FÈnw AeÌm an^w uõnKo%enÌÉXnWm

Fèm 5Jyn]o%è. AecnWm bÇ¿otÂ

XynKõnet¿ AlobntX bÇw ®SÐoIjnb

Aæcîncnbo !\±P\oÑm ÈxJt¿Æw ÈcoX

t¿Æw 5n]o%ÁXm. AXo\n² A-È-ubn an-\-

e-uc! \o-º³ A-lo-Æ-I, F-Èn-bo-S-=w \o-l-à-

\o-ò-è Îf|cpb b-Çw F-èm. B b-Ç-

¿o-tÂ u5-c-I-f-2o-bn-b Îf|cÌw F-eo-tS-

Æw \o-l-à -\o-ò-è, Î A-lo-eo-tÂ eyn-]-I-

X|-¿n² P-\o-%-Á uhn-a-Ìw hv-ay-=-an-Wm

AÈubn aÌgyn \p. In-c-W-In-c-\n-b C-Þ°

uZen[o]XoÆw h±-e-ey-n]o-bn-!-è. A-º-t\-

Æ-É C-Þn-[o-]-[o-bn-b Îf|c° XtÂ b-Ç-

¿n² GeçuSÆw F-Èn-eo-[ Èx-J-º-uj-Æw È-co-

X-º-uj-Æw D-]-¼-e-º-uj-Æw \-fo-Ão-®-I-j-Æ-è.

FÁlo¼m e-ªo-an-Ìw eo-Z|n-Ì-an-b aÌgyn \p

eo-uf-g-è]-¿o² i-eo-õ-I-tj eo-\o-ubn-Ko-Ñm

A-lo-uin-^-¿n² F-Èn-eo-[ Èx-J-º-uj-Æw È-co-

X-º-uj-Æw D-]-¼-e-º-uj-Æw \-fo-Ão-®- I-j-ÆI. B

eo\oubnKt¿ \pbloÆI, Alo¼m \p \otÂ

bÇt¿ AÌ~o%I.

P-\-hn-an-\y-¿o-\m C-w-tÃ-â-Á In-cy-º-jo²\o-Ám A-Ì-No-X-an-bo dn-õ-ta-â-%-Á h|-õn-ew No-d

‘ao-â-Ð-în±’ F-èw 5-I-So-Ão-%w. C-Xo-Ì In-d-uõ-Z-ao-È. a-Ì-gyh|-õn-e-an-WoXm. B-;-I-tj 5-udn-õo-

Ão-Ñm X°-In-cyw u\-â-Á eo-ç-X-în±-Ðm H-co-Ð-êw !-l-=-¾n-bo-½o-È. D-¾n-=-I-Æ-ao-È. P-\-º³-Ðm

b-Ç-I±a-º-ujn-Sm B-õo-®-Jy-=w 5-Xo]-¿o-Æw e±-[o-Ñ-uÃn³ A-e ep-1w e±-[oÃo-Ðn°

ubn-Po-Ñ _n-iyn-Uw-_-c-º³ A-e-bo² h-an-ue-fo-Ão-®H-S-ºo, I-õn-e-hc-º-jo-udn Èx-Jn-e-h-c

-º-jo-udn \-S-¿n-=-Á !-Xo-b-X-cw b-Ç-º-;w uin-a-º-;w B-eo-l-co-Ñm \-S-Ãn%-en-Ìw A-&-½±

a-\x-Ð±-ew X-Çn-ln-bo. C-è \o-d-eo-ê-É-Hw \o-èu]n-b-H-an-b H-u½-tl b-Ç-º-;w D-¾n-b-Xm

C-º-t\-bn-Wm. Cèw P-\-[-ª-bn-I±go-ÐW-ta-¹o² h-Ñn-i-b-Ç-ta-uÁn f-X-!7pb-Ç-

ta-uÁn uZ-ep-õn-K-e-Xb-Ç-ta-uÁn u]-co-½m e-È-H-tan-tÐ tN-Óe-Í-è. F-Ðo-u\-tl, tth-Ðo³

b- Çw, h±-Ã-b- Çw F-Áo-e-I³-u]n-êw b-Ç-an-bo-½n-Wm C-èw, A-c-uº-lo-tÐn-¾o-co-%ÁXm.

A-lo-uin-^w ®-X² A-f|-ua-[w e-tc-Æ-É tte-Zo-I-b-Ç-º³-% ]-I-cw A-e tN-Çn° A-lo-bn-=-

Á-e±-u]n-êw A-tte-Zo-I-b-Ç-º³ \-S-K-en° ®° I-tÇ-â-¿m A-+-Ç-ç-tS-Æw A-Ç-ç-tS-Æw

A-á-[-ª-bo²\o-Ám ®-X-td-â-Ó \-S-K-è.--!-Xo-b b-Ç-º³ B-eo±-õ-eo-Ñ-uÃn³ b-Ç-I-+-\-Æ-tS

av-do-I-an-b fn-Öp-bep-¸-Ww I®-®-Äo² \o-è al-à. A-Xo-\n² C-Ám Hn-ucn-ç-¿± b-uY-ww

\-S-K-Á ao-Ð b-Ç-º-jo-td ?o-b-I³-%w ]-Zn±Y-º³-%w B-[o-ttZ-eo-I-=w B-[yn-Zo-I-=-an-b

P-K-K-I-ujn-Sm eo-É-c-_-áw u]n-êw C-È.-

''

''


5hn[Ihn[I%loÃmloÃm

eoe¸Xeoe¸XfCe uX Ce uX ®Jw Jw ~1în X|w euZn _n X|w euZn _*.

~n1uWnuWnfhy hy ®JanhpXmJanhpXm

BuLngºjn² BuLngºjn² êcoÐtÃuS¾n¿ coÐtÃuS¾n¿

Æ2oenZobnb ai±gooenZobnb ai±go-]-k-Õ° B-Nn-c-º-;w eo-f|n-h-º-;w an-lo !-Xo-

tbn-ç ey-e-Ùo-Xo B-r-io-%-Á-e-cn-W-uÈn D-+-

Xo-â-Ð³. hn-°-uiyn-ªn-c-I±, Æ-K-!-ç-g-în±

®-X-dn-b-e± C-&-½-¿o²-t]-â-è. ]-k-b N-½-º-;w

e-½-º-;w an-lo !-Xo-b-e e-c-W-ta-Án-r-io-%-I-Æw

A-Xo-Ì-ue-¾o 5-e±-¿o-%-I-Æw tN-å-Á a-i-K-

Ð-jo² ]-d±-%w ]-k-b-e-tb-Ènw A-\n-Nn-c-º-;w

È-cn-Nn-c-º-;w D-u]-¸o-Ð-tÃ-uS-¾-e-Æ-an-tW-èm

Ùn-]o-%-en° e-do-b eo-g-a-tan-èw D-¾n-In-

lo-È. ]-k-b-e-Í-]-I-cw !-Xo-b-e-tb-en±-t¿-â-K

5-Xo-~o-%-en° X-Ð I-c-eo-ç-Hw 5-b-U-fp-d-=w

ttI-®-X-dn-bo-Èn-¿-H tIn-1m ¨-co-]-¸w D-+-Xo-

â-Ð-;-tS-Æw \-ep-I-c-W b-U-º³ A-e-ucn-tSn-

Ãw a®-a-l-Æ-I-bn-üm ]-Xo-em.

]-t¿n-Ä-Xnw Î-Ên-¾o-tÂ D-¿-cn±-ª-

¿o² hn-°-iy ]-co-l-c-W-¿o-êw cn-{-\-ep-I-c-

W-¿o-êw Z-¿-[-ª-\n-bo A-\-e-c-Xw 5-b-Uo-

Ño-ç-Á h|n-ao Z-bn-\-À° h|-X-Ô-õn-c-X-ta-Á

B-f-bw B-eo-l-co-®. !-Xo-tbn-ç Pp-eo-X-cp-Xo

õn-c-Xp-b± h|p-I-co-uÐ-¾-Xo-tÂ B-e-fy-t¿-%-

lo-®w A-uË-iw u_n-[-en-\n-bo-ç-è. B Pp-eo-X-

cp-Xo-Æ-tS A-So-¿-l F-eo-tS-bn-bo-co-Ð-W-ta-èm

A-u\|-go-®m D-k-Á A-uË-iw A-Xo-5n-Np-\-an-b

ue-Z-º-jo-ud-%m I-S-è. õn-c-Xp-b-ç-tS Pp-eo-X-cp-

Xo-%w eo-f|n-h-5-an-W-º³-%w ue-Z-º-ujn-â-É

ISÃnSm F-^-tb-è Xo-½-tÃ-â-¿n° I-ko-Æ-Áo-È.

B-Òo-I-çw \n-Òo-I-çw ue-Z-º-tj ttI-te-

So-¼o-ç-Áo-È. B-Òo-I± A-e-tb eo-f|n-h-5-an-

W-an-Æw A-]v-ç-ug-b-an-Æw B-Z-co-Ño-ç-Á-uÃn³

ue-Z-\o-À-I-tc-Á \o-d-bo² \n-Òo-I-çw 5-ho-ªo-

bn±-Po-Ño-ç-è. B-Òo-I± ue-uZn-2-ta-è ]-l-

àm e±-W-ey-e-Ù-tb ]-co-]n-do-Ñ-uÃn³ \n-Òo-

I-cn-I-t½, K±-i-Wp-b-an-b Pn-Xo-ey-e-Ù ue-Z-º-

jo² \o-è-V-eo-Ñ-Xn-tW-èm ]-l-àm ue-Z-º-tj

\o-Ào-® Xo-c-¾-co-®. C-H-u]n-td, eo-r-in-cn-[-\,

B-[-a-[±-aw (~-1-N-cy-[-i-Ùn-Zo) !-\±-Ã-îw,

uan-¸w, B-Zn-em, Î-f|-c°, uZ-e-X-I³, tte-Zo-

I-Ñ-S-©-I³ ®-X-dn-b-e-tb-tb-Ènw B-Òo-I±

e-® !-d±-K-I-Æw \n-Òo-I± \o-Ào-%-I-Æw tN-Ó-

u]n-è. F-Án² C-ç-¹-½-çw ue-Z-º-;-tS A±-Yw

r-io-Ðn-u\n, A-e-bo² I-k-Ù-u¾n-tb-è [-ªo-

Ðn-u\n [-ao-Ño-ç-Áo-È. A-u\yn-\yw !-Êw ]-l-Æ-

I-Æw \o-ug-[o-%-I-Æw an-^-an-üm C-ç-¹-½-çw tN-

Òo-ç-Á-Hm.

-a-i±-go Z-bn-\-À-\n-I-t½, B-Òo-I-ç-tS

A-á-eo-f|n-h-º-tj-Æw \n-Òo-I-ç-tS I-âw-]o-â-

¿-t¿-Æw \o-ug-[o-®. A-Xz-r-=w, ]-ç-g-=-an-b

ttf-do-bo² C-ç-¹-½-tc-Æw eo-a±-fo-®m a-Ì-gy-Pp-

eo-X-¿o-Ì 5-ubn-P-\-I-c-an-b !-Xo-tbn-ç ]-×n-

em te-½o-K-l-Ðn° \o±-uË-fo-®. B an±-K-¿o-ë-tS

h|-bw h-Õ-co-®m an±-K-Z±-f-\w \-î-I-Æw tN-Ó.

-]-t+n-So D-¾n-%-Á cp-Xo ®-X² ue-Z-õn-gyw

e-tc-Æw, !-à-º-tj F-º-t\ P-\o-Ão-®m e-j±-

¿o D-¿-a ]v-c-în-cn-Ð-W-ta-Á-H ®-X² ®-2o-Æ-

tS In-dn-e-[o F-^-e±-g-an-tW-è e-tc-Æw A-uË-

iw uc-J-tÃ-â-¿o. Á-ç-Ð-¿o² A-uË-iw [-ªo-

Ðn-Xo-ç-Á bn-tXn-ç-eo-Zyn-fn-J-Æw ¼-cy-Ì-Ip-

ko² D-¾n-bo-ç-Áo-È.

-?o-Ò|-pw 1824-² P-\o-®m 1883 e-tc Pp-eo-Ñ

Z-bn-\-À-h-c-h|-Xo-Æ-tS ho-ªn-Ð-º-ujn-âm D-+-Xo-

â-Ð³-Ðn±-%w F-Xo±-Ó-¾n-en° \yn-b-ao-È.

"A-uË-iw X-I±-%-Á-H In-En° c-h-®-1m. ]-t¸

A-eo-tS !-\x-Ùn-]o-%-Á-Hm !-ul-&-So I±-Ð-f-

=w A-uº-b-Êw A±-Y-e-K-an-b-en-bn-tW-¹o-êw

]o-Ñ-S-ç-en° eo-g-aw" A-uË-i-¿o-tÂ fo-¸-W-

º-tj-Ã-Êo C-º-t\-tbn-c-õo-5n-bw D-¾n-en-\n-üm

¹-â-X² hn-[y-X.

-!-cn-W-º-tj-Æw, a-Ì-í-Xo-bo-td No-d õn-K-


º-tjn-ko-tI-Æ-É í-Xo-I-uj-Æw A-uË-iw Xo-c-Â-

co-®. A-e-tb-Ènw I-É-în-ç-uS-Æw e-Õ-I-ç-uS-Æw

h|n±-Y-uan-io-I-;-uS-Æw #-Xo-I-jn-tW-èm Ùn-]o-

Ñ-uÃn³ A-e-Í-]-I-cw ue-Zw, D-]-\o-g-¿m,

g-UmZ±-f-\-º³ F-Áo-e-tb A-uº-b-Êw B-Z-co-

®m A-e-tb 5-an-W-an-Ðo 5-e±-¿o-%-en° A-uË-

iw D-Zmu_n-[o-Ão-®.

-In-d-L-½w 19-nw Î-Ên-¾o-tÂ D-¿-cn±-ª-an-

tW-èm ê-co-Ð-Ww. Pn-Xo-ey-e-Ù, ~n-1-W-ua-

[n-eo-¿w, à±-ª F-Áo-e tIn-So-!-¿o-en-?-è.

A-á-eo-f|n-h-º-;-tS Î-dn-an-d-bo²-t]-åm õn-c-

Xp-b± e±-¿o-%-è. õ-2o-5-Ùn-\w a-Ì-gy-a-\-

ôo-t\-bn-tI a-c-eo-Ão-®m I±-a-eo-®-J-an-Ðo-bo-ç-Á

In-dw. A-ttZ|-X-ho-ªn-Ð-=w an-bn-en-Z-=w ]-7o

-X-în-uc-Æw e-ªo-Pp-eo-I-uj-Æw A-S-Ðo õ-co-®-e-Á

h-a-bw. eo-uZ-fn-[o-]-Xyw ue-ç-l-®-I-ko-¼o-ç-è.

A-So-a-¿w A-Ì-r-i-an-bo- I-ç-Xo-bo-ç-Á hn-a-Ð-

cn-Pn-Ð-în±-% æ-Jo-Ðn-Ìw ua²-uÐn-á-Ím I-Ãw

tIn-â-Ãn-Ìw ue-¾o \o-!-Xo-tI-½n° A-ª|n-\o-®m

]-Wo-tb-â-¿o-ç-Á-e-cn-üm 5-P-I-jo² _-*-¨-co-

]-¸-=w. udn-]o-®-u]n-bo-ç-Á ue-Z-º-tj ep-t¾-

â-Km an-Om®-É-cn-Zo ]n-Ln-Xy± õn-gy-ta-?-Xo A-e-

bn-tI A-_-ª-=w A-hw-_-á-=w A±-Y-c-io-X-

=w A-\n-Nn-c P-So-d-=w B-tW-è Ùn-]o-Ðn°

]n-â-t]-½o-ç-Á B e-Èn-¿ In-d-L-½-¿o² eo-

r-in-cn-[-\-Íw Pn-Xo-ey-e-Ù-Íw, ~n-1-W-ua-

[n-eo-¿-¿o-Ìw F-Xo-cn-bo Cw-up-g-lo-eo-Èn-¿,

H-ç h-\yn-ho f-p-®-b±-K-è F-Áo-co-Ð-t½.

F-Ðn-bo-co-%w ^-dw? A-Xo-u\n-tSn-Ãw uX-Ìw

]n-êw H-?-%-Á eo-uZ-f-õ-c-W-t¿-Ðn³ \-È-Hm

!-So-Ìw È-w-Ì-an-b h|-uZ-fo-Æ-tS õ-c-W-an-tW-è-

¹-So 5-N-co-Ão-Ðn° H-S-ºo-bn-udn? \n-å-In-çw

h±-Ðn-çw H-ç-u]n-td F-Xo±-%w. A-á-eo-f|n-

ho-I-jn-b \n-å-In±-X-tÁ Z-bn-\-À-t\ e-I-e-ç-

¿o-tÐn-=-ta-èm D-l-Ó-¾n-bo-ç-Á \-b-N-H-c-cn-b

~p-½o-i-In± A-uË-i-t¿ 5-udn-õo-Ão-Ñ-X-Èn-tX

D-]-¼-eo-Ño-È. H-ç hw-\yn-ho-tb D-]-¼-eo-Ñn²

D-¾n-ub-Ðn-=-Á uIn-jo-j-Ð-t¿-%-lo-®m u_n-[-

en-în-cn-bo-ç-Á-Xn-enw A-e-ç-tS av-\-õ-P-\-¿o-

Ì-ui-H.

-È-p-c-an-b hn-°-iy-5-e±-¿-\w - F-Èn-eo-[-

¿o-êw hn-°-iy-D-Á-Xo-tb d-¸y-an-Ðo - tN-Ò

Z-bn-\-À-tÂ _n-dy-In-dw hn-Ä-¿o-I In-c-W-

º-jn² I-w-X \o-l-¼-Xn-bo-ç-Áo-È. _n-dy-In-

d-¿o-td Èx-J-Ð-co-X-an-b È-co-X-º³ H-ç-e-t\

¦-io-I hv-Jy-º-;-tS 5n-Ño-bo² ]-cn-Mm®-J-

\n-Ðn-=-Á-Xn-tW-Á-Xo-Ìm F-^-tb-¹o-êw D-Zn-i-

c-W-º³ \-®-%m ú-¾o-Ðn-½n-=-Á-Xn-üm. f-¹-cn-

Nn-cy-ç-tS _n-dy-In-dw A-co-w-X-I³ \o-l-¼-Xn-

bo-ç-tÁ-èm Ï-io-Ðn° a-Xo-bn-b hn-i-N-cy-tX-

jo-=-I-;-1m. a-in-\n-b B B-Nn-cy-tÂ an-Xn-=m

h|-Ðw a-I-t\ ep-â te-So-bn° A-Ì-e-Zo-®. ®-X-d

-]o-So-Ñ I-Y-tbn-tÐ A-X±-io-%-Á A-e-K-W-\-

ubn-tS X-Éo-Ð-j-¼n², A-Y-en Zn-co-¼y-ta-Á-

®-X-d B [-\y-=w a-i-K-an-b ua-[n-f-2o-tb

B-Mo-Ð-j-u¼-Ðn-an-bo-ç-tÁ-è h-Å-Xo-Ñn²

A-uË-iw B-eo-p-co-Ñ an-bn-ho-ª-n-Ð=w Pp-eo-

X-¿o-tÂ A±-Y-ip-\-X-Æw \-f|-c-X-Æw F-Ènw,

A-\y-Yn f-2-an-bo-ç-Á ua-[n-f-2o-tb Zn-co-¼yw

A-tÄ D-W-Ðn-t\n-ç-tÄ-å-te-Á-Xo-Ìm a-Xo-bn-b

tX-jo-=-I-jn-üm. f-¹-c-Ìm Zn-co-¼y-Èx-J-®-¾n-bo-ç-

tÁ-¹o-êw °-d-f-¹-c-Ìm - Z-bn-\-À-tÂ _n-dy-In-d-

\n-a-an-W-Hm - h-¸±-W-h-±-ªo-bn-ü-¾n-bo-çÁ-Hm.

H-ç C-S-5-¦-eo-tÂ !-^-\n-bo P-\o-Ñ °-d-f-¹-c°,

f-¹-cn-Nn-cy-tc-uÃn-td ao-X-õn-go-bn-bo-ç-Áo-È.

ê-to-Èn-tX F-?-Xo-&-å-I-Æw, 5-hw-Ko-%-I-Æw,

õn-gy-º³ c-No-%-I-Æw tN-Ò Z-bn-\-À-tÂ c-N-

\-I³ D-Zn-i-c-W-h-a-\|o-X-=w 5-an-W-Æ-2-=-an-

üm. P-î-\n Y-P-ln-¿o-bn-bo-ç-Á Z-bn-\-À° hw-

Á-X-t¿ an-J-õn-g-bn-bo Aw-Kp-I-co-tÑ-¹o-êw

5-[n-\ r-×-º-tj-Ènw c-No-Ñ-Hm io-Ào-bo-dn-üm.

A-Xo-Ì a-Xo-bn-b In-c-W-=w A-uË-iw ]-l-à. "

io-Ào Î cn-{-¿o-tÂ õn-g-bn-I-Ww" 1875- ²

A-uË-iw ]-l-¼-Hm 2013 - êw Aw-Kp-I-co-Ðn°

eo-®-J-cn-b \-Åo² ]-d-çw io-Ào A-lo-à-¹-Sn-¿-

e-cn-tW-¹o-êw A-Hm Np-¿ õn-g-bn-tW-èm ]-l-Æ-

è-1m. A-lo-eo-Èn-¿-Hm tX-uÊn f-co-ubn, \-È-uXn

Xp-b-uXn F-è \o±-W-bo-%-Á-tX-5-In-cw? a-X-

]-c-uan 5n-uZ-fo-I-uan B-b h-¦-No-X¿|-an-üm

\-tÅ-tÐn-1m io-Ào eo-uZ|-gw 5-N-co-Ão-%-Á-Hm.

A-uË-iw ]-l-¼-tXn-èw X-tÁ \nw Aw-Kp-I-

co-Ño-½o-È. eo-r-in-cn-[-\ tX-Ên-üm. a-c-Wn-\-Ð-c

I±-a-º-jn-b _-do, [n-ªw C-e A-tte-Zo-I-an-

üm, Pn-Xo-ey-e-Ù ]n-So-È, !-cn-W-º³ h|n±-Yo-

I-;-tS tI-å-I-Y-I-jn-üm, uPyn-Xo-g-¿o-td ^-d

5-Jyn-]-\w - Pn-X-Iw, h-a-bw u\n-Ð² ®-X-dn-

b-e tX-Ên-üm, uPyn-Xo-bn-Öw an-^w f-co-bn-üm,

Pn-Xo-a-Xn-Zo-uõ-Zw ]n-So-È. C-e-tbn-èw X-tÁ

\-®-%m 5n-e±-¿o-I-an-%-en-Ìw Aw-Kp-I-co-%-

en-Ìw I-ko-¼o-½o-È. F-¹o-êw Î-f|-c-\o-ug-[w

tIn-1 an-^w \-Åo²-æ ]-d-çw Æ-2o-en-Zo-I-jn-bo

]-co-d-ho-%-è!


-a-i±-go Z-bn-\-À-tÂ Æ-2o-en-Zw B-cw-õo-

%-Á-Hm \nw a-Ì-gy-ucn ±-K-º-ujn? F-Á uNn-

Zy-¿o² \o-Án-üm. a-Ì-gy-çw ±-K-º-;w X-Åo²

F-Ñ uõ-Zw? C-Xo-Ì-¿-cw ]-l-bn° A-uË-iw \-ep-

\ ho-ªn-Ð-º³ uX-â-Áo-È. a-Ì-í-Xo-bo² \o-èm

"[-cmua-W ip-\x ]-I-õox h-an-\x" '[±-a-c-io-X-\n-

b-e° ±-K-H-dy-\n-tW'Á ]-cn-a±-fw F-â-K In-

å-I an-^-ta tN-å-è->. C-Ðn-cy-¿o² A-uË-i-

¿o-Ìm !-H-Xn-bo No-Ðo-Ðn-Ìw I-t¾-¿n-Ìw

H-è-ao-È. B-¿-\o-I No-Ð-I± h|-a-X-Ùn-]-\-¿o-

Ìm õv-Xo-I fn-Ö-t¿ h-b°-ho-t\ - B-[-bo-

%-è-1m. Z-bn-\-À-\n-I-t½, e-cn° u]n-!-Á I-1-]o-So-¿-º³, \o-K-a-\-º³ F-Áo-e-tÆn-Áo-Ìw

5n-an-Wo-I-X \-ío-bo-tÈ-è an-^-a-È, A-e h-Xy-

an-tW-¹o², B h-Xy eo-Zy-Æ-tS-tb-Ènw B-Zo-

uîn-X-ôm Î-f|-c-\n-tW-èm ]-l-à e-Í-I-Æw

tN-Ó.

-B-¿-\o-I No-Ð-I-çw h-b-Âo-hme-I-;w A-á-

eo-f|n-h-º-tj F-Xo±-%-Á-Hm A-e-Ím fn-Öp-b-

an-b A-So-Ùn-\-ao-tÈ-è ]-l-à-tIn-¾n-üm.

Z-bn-\-À-tÂ en-Zw A-e ue-Z-eo-ç-ª-an-tW-Án-bo-

co-%w. G-Xn-Ìw D-Zn-i-c-W-º³ ú-¾o-Ðn-å-Á-Hm

A-Ùn-\-¿n-bo-co-%-I-bo-È. f-cp-cw a-c-W-u¿n-

â-¹-So \-fo-%-è. f-cp-c-¿o² \o-èm õo-Á-an-b

B-Zn-eo-tÈ-Án-üm fn-Ö-Ç-tÂ A-õo-5n-bw.

A-H-tIn-1m a-c-W-uf-gw a-X-]-c-an-b N-S-©-I³

\-S-K-Á-Xo-Ìm fn-Öp-b-an-b A-So-Ùn-\-tan-èw

C-tÈ-èm \o-ug-[n-Z-I-an-bo fn-Ö-Ç-\n-b

Æ-2o-en-Zo ]-l-Æw. C-eo-tS Z-bn-\-À-tÂ A-õo-5n-

bw ue-Zn-[o-~o-X-an-bo-co-%w. A-uË-iw B-Zn-=-

t¾-èw A-Xo-Ìm !-\±P-î-®-t¾-èw Ùn-]o-%w.

C-Xo-Ì h-in-b-I-an-b ue-Z-a-Ô-º-;w D-ª-co-%w.

A-Xo-Ì-uf-gw B-Zn-em, f-cp-cw te-So-¼-Æ-S-t\

X-tÁ ttZ-eo-I \o-b-a-a-Ì-h-co-Ñm !-\±-Ã-îw

5n-]o-%-Á-Xo-\n² _-do, [n-ªw ®-X-dn-b-e

A-\n-e-fy-an-tW-è ]-l-Æ-I-bn-bo. _-do, [nªw

®-X-dn-b-e tte-Zo-I-an-tW-è en-Zo-%-Á-e±-%m

A-e A-tte-Zo-I-an-tW-èm Ùn-]o-® tIn-â-%-

I-b-uÈ D-No-Xw? C-Hm ?o-bn-Z-I-an-b h-ap-]-\-

an-üm. ue-Z-º-tj A-[o-~o-X-an-Ðo tN-å-Á I±-

a-º³ A-tte-Zo-I-an-tW-è Ùn-]o-%-Á-Xo-Ì

]-I-cw X-Åo²-æ t]n-ç-¿-ao-Èn-¿ ue-Z-t¿-Æw

õv-Xo-I fn-Ö-t¿-Æw H-uc ue-Zo-bo² A-Wo-\o-

c-K-Á-tX-Ðo-Ìm? a-X-º-;-tS D-u]n-+-Á-º-jn-b

A-á-eo-f|n-h-º-tj C-Èn-á tN-Çn° G-Ê-=w \-È

B-Æ-[w fn-Ö-a-È. a-Xw X-tÁ-bn-üm.

-io-Û-a-X-¿o-t\ an- -a-È, ?o-Ó-C-ñnw-e-

ª-ttP-\-a-X-º-tj-Æw A-Xo-\o-fo-X-an-bo eo-a±-

fo-Ñ a-i±-go Z-bn-\-À° X-tÂ A-So-Ùn-\-an-bo

h|p-I-co-Ñ-Hm ue-Z-º-tj-bn-tW-Á-Hm, A-uË-i-t¿

uZn-ttg-I-Ê-Ðn-bo No-^p-I-co-%-Á-Xo² G-Xn-Ìw

u]±-%m h-in-b-a-ç-jo.

-½-wo-Æ-tS B-Zo-bo² a-Ì-gy° F-^-I-1m

"A-]-co-o-X" \n-bo-ç-tÁ-¹o-êw B-u]-¸o-I-an-

bo \o-l-j-¹-\n-bo-ç-tÁ-èm h-Å-Xo-Ðn-tX e-Ç.

A-Á-t¿ a-Ì-gy-tÂ È-c-Æw È-cn-r-i-=w 5n-]-

Õo-I 5-Xo-õn-h-º-;-tS bn-Yn±-Yyw r-io-Ð²

an-^-an-bo-ç-tÁ-èm ]-ucn-¸-an-bo-t½-¹o-êw h-Å-

Xo-uÑ Xp-è. A-5n-]y-an-b-Xo-t\-Æw A-lo-¼o-½o-

Èn-¿-Xo-t\-Æw tIn-Én-Ìw A-lo-bn-Ìw B-r-io-

%-Á-Xo-ê-]-co È-c C-È X-tÁ. B-Zo-a a-Ì-gy°

¼-cy-N-Þ \-¸-^n-Zo-I-tj-Æw A-e-Ìm Ê-fy-=w A-Ì-

¨-X-=-an-b h-®-¼w, en-Æ, ]-c-Á-¨-ao, A-Ð-co-X-an-b

B-In-fw, ?-¸-d-Xn-Zo-I³ ®-X-dn-b-e-tb-%-lo-®w

A-lo-bn-\n-r-io-tÑ-¹o-êw A-Hm !-Ê-a-tÈ-è an-^-

a-È h|n-õn-eo-I-an-ü-Xn-Ìw. A-Çn-\o Çn-\o-

bn-en-\n-r-io-%-Á-Xn-W-tÈn 5n-]-Õo-I õn-ew!

\o-l-j-¹-\n-bo-ç-Á a-Ì-gy° A-Ðn-d-¿m A-lo-

en-bo d-õo-Ñ-tX-Ènw ttZ-eo-I u5-c-W-bn-dn-bo-

ç-tÁ-èm h-Å-Xo-%-I. In-c-Ww 5-uNn-Z-\-an-bo

a-tÊn-èw C-Èn-bo-ç-Á-tÈn. A-uÃn³ A-lo-¼-Hw

]-l-¼-H-ta-Ènw A-]vç-ug-b-an-bo-ç-tÁ-Á-Èn-

tX. a-tÊ-Ñ ]-l-bn°!

-h-Kw A-h-K-an-bo bn-tXn-èw C-Èn-

Xo-ç-Á A-e-Ù-tb-%-lo-®m No-Ðo-Ãn° B-Zo-a

a-Ì-gy-\-Èn-tX a-Ên±-%-I-ko-Æw? F-eo-tS f-pw

X-Áo-êw \o-Áo-êw aÁo-êw f-pw. B f-p-an-I-t½

9-X-=w \p-1 \p-1m \p-;-Á A-\-Ð-an-b f-pw.

A-In-c-=w D-In-c-=w a-In-c-=-an-b c-e-t¿ ue±-Xo-

co-Ðn-\n-=-Áo-È. D-+-¿o-Æw \o-d-\o-,w \n-f-=w

\o-d-eo² e-Áo-co-%-è. \n-ao-è In-ü-Á P-\-\

Pp-eo-X a-c-W-º³ B-bo-c-¿n-1-I³ ®-Ùw D-¾n-

bo-ç-è. A-e-tb Z±-fo-Ñ a-Ì-gy° D-l-tÐ B-d

-]o-®. '\-eo-Pn-\n-ao b-Zo-ue-Z-a-êo! \o-Wyx h-Áo-ª

a-\-hn N-cn-ao (E-uK|-Zw. 1. 22. 164. 37) F-\o-Ð-lo-

eo-È, C-uX-uÃn-td-bn-uWn Rn-t\-èm! A-lo-eo-Èn-

¿-e-Ìw A-lo-bn-\n-r-io-%-Á-e-Ìw a-\-ôo-\-Ì-

h-co-®m \p-©-Á-e-Ì-an-üm Rn°!

-A-e-tÂ A-\-Ð-an-b A-u\|-g-W 5-?o-b

B-cw-õo-Ño-co-%-è. X-\o-%m f|n-h-=w, Zn-i-¿o-Ìm

P-d-=w eo-f-Ão-Ìm ^-d-º-;w \-ío-b en-Æ-=w P-d-

=w, a-c-º-;w ue-Z-în-cn-üm. ]-I² ú-â \-î-Á B


D-r-uKn-jw uX-P-ôo-tÂ ]-cyn-b-an-b h-eo-Xn-en-

üm. ¼-cy° a-l-à I-ko-Æ-uÄn³ fp-X-j Io-c-W°

5-Xy-¸-tÃ-â-è. a-\-ôo-Ìm h-Ñ-wo-Æw ?-¸-d-Xn-

Zo-I-jo² A-±-Hw ]-I±-è-tIn-1m N-Þ° e-j-ç-

I-Æw !-l-Æ-I-Æw tN-å-è. F-eo-tS-Æw uZ-e-în±.

Î uZ-e-în-tc-Ènw a-So-¹-Sn-tX. Xn-Ðn-º-;-tS

I±-a-º³ A-Ì-~o-%-I-bn-üm. C-Xn-ç-tS u5-c-W-

bn²? X-tÂ h-i-Pp-eo-I³ ]-d-çw \o-uL-w-cn-

!-è. ttN-X-\yw \-fo-®m a-Bo² d-bo-%-è. Î

uZ-e-în±-Ðn-I-t½, a-c-W-=-ao-È. C-e-Ím Pp-e-\o-È?

eo-f-Ów Zn-i-=-ao-È? uZ-e-în± P-U-e-Ó-Ð-jn-üm

Î P-U-º-tj \o-b-Ôo-%-Á-Xn-çm? A-Xm B-cn-

bn-êw f-co, A-Ê-fy f-2o X-tÁ. A-\-Ð-an-W-Hm.

A-\o±-e-N-\o-b-=w ¹-â-X² ¹-â-X² No-Ðo-Ñ B-Zo-

a-a-Ì-gy° E-go-bn-bo. E-go ]-l-à. "G-Iw h-Xm"

A-Hm H-èm, A-Xn-üm h-Km. A-Xo-t\ "_-*-[n

e-Z-Ðo" ]-d u]-ç-I-jo² ]-l-Æ-è. A-lo-tb-uÁn,

In-d-ta-uÁn, In-tÊ-uÁn ]-l-Æ-I. F-tÐ-Án²-æ

In-Êo-tÂ-Æw Xp-Æ-tS-Æw f-2o B h-¿o²-\o-

èm h-an±-Po-Ñ-X-t^. Rn-Ìw A-Xo²-\o-è-X-tÁ

f-2o u\-So-bo-co-%-è. hw-f-b-ao-È...

-B-Zo-a-a-Ì-gy° C-^-u¿n-jw \o-K-a-\-º-jo²

F-¿o-uÑ±-tÁ-Á-Ì-an-\o-%-Á-Xo² Æ-2o-õw-K-

ao-È. ?-ua-W a-Ì-gy-a--Òo-p-¿o² B-eo±-õ-eo-%-

I-Æw D-ç-¿o-co-Æ-I-Æw tN-Ò X-¿|-fn-Ö-¿o-tÂ

B-tI-K-I 'Rn° F-5-In-cw Rn-\-Èn-tX-bn-bo-

¿p±-èm h-a-wo-õn-e-t¿ e-co-%-ta-Á' uNn-Zy-=w

A-Xo-tÂ A-Ð±-W D-¿-c-º-;-an-W-tÈn. a-Ì-gy°

h|-Ðw õn-K-u[-b-º-tj \o±-W-bo-%-Á-Xo² A-h-

a±-Y-\n-üm. A-º-t\-bn-bo-co-%-I-Æw tN-åw.

½-wo-Æ-tS A-\-Ð-X, In-d-ta-Á 5-Xo-õn-h-¿o-

tÂ A-\-Ð-X C-e c-1w I-Sw-I-Y-I³ an-^-an-üm.

-D-¿-cw Io-½n-¿ uNn-Zy-º-;-an-bo a-Èo-åm Pp-

eo-Xw H-d-Í-Á-Hm A-õo-d-g-Wp-b-a-tÈ-Á A-õo-5n-

b-Ðn-c-\n-bo-ç-è a-i±-go Z-bn-\-À°. "\-®-%m Pp-

eo-Ðnw. Î-uln A-Xo-d-[o-I-uan f-c-XmIn-d-º³

I-1w uI-åw ]-l-àw \-®-%m Pp-eo-%-I. u]n-

tc-è uXn-è-Á-Hm d-õo-Ðn° Xp-á-an-bo b-Uo-

Ðnw. a-tÊn-ç-an±-K-=-ao-È." (]-ufy-a f-c-Zx f-Xw Pp-

ue-a f-c-Zx f-Xw K-ü-bn-a f-c-Zx f-Xw 5-~-en-a

f-c-Zx f-X-a-Zp-\n hyn-a-f-c-Zx fXw- ¨-b-L f-c-Zx

f-Xn-Xm. (b-À±-ue-Zw)) Î ue-Z-en-Iyw A-So-Ùn-

\-X-¿|-an-bo h|p-I-co-®m H-ç Pp-eo-X-fn-Ö-¿o-Ìm

è-]w tIn-â-Ðn° b-Uo-Ñ a-i±-go Z-bn-\-À-t\-

uÃn-td D-Á-X-fp±-g-\n-b H-cn-jo-tÂ P-\-\o-bn-b

Y-P-ln-¿o-t\ Ó-Xo-%-I.

-A-Ç-X±Íw A-\n-Nn-c-¿o-Ìw A-So-a-tÃ-åm

A±-Y-ip-\-an-b eo-f|n-hn-Nn-c-º-;-tS Zn-h-în-cn-

bo-¿p±-èm A-u\yn-\yw X-d-X-Èo-Ðp-lo-b õn-c-Xp-

b±-%m \-uen-uî-gw ]-I±-è-tIn-â-¿ a-i±-go

Z-bn-\-À-h-c-h|-Xo uI-c-jp-b-co² ¨-co-]-¸-¿o-Ìw

A-]-co-No-X-\n-üm. A-uË-iw a-in-]-7o-X-Ìw hn-

°-iy-]-co-l±-¿n-=-an-bo-ç-è. d-Ko-Æw h-c-h|-

Xo-Æw H-Áo-® e-ho-Ðn-lo-Èn-¿-H-u]n-td D-+-Xo-

â-X|=w ]n-7o-Xy-=w H-Áo-®-uN-cn-lo-È. I-ko-¼

Î-Ên-¾o² Î A-Ð±-e-h-a-\|-bw D-¾n-bo. A-Xn-

üm a-i±-go Z-bn-\-À-h-c-h|-Xo.

-Æ-K-º-jn-bo È±-eyn-Jyn-\-¿o-tÂ tN-jo-%-

¾o-êw ~n-1-W ua-[n-eo-X|-¿o-tÂ G-In-Ð-¿-

S-eo-êw t]-å-u]n-bo-ç-Á N-H±-ue-Z-º-jn-bo-ç-è,

io-Û-Ð-;-tS A-So-Ùn-\-r-×w. \-È-Hw Np-¿-Æ-

an-b B-Nn-c-º-;-tS 5n-an-Wo-I-XÍm B-Òo-I-tc-

Ènw ue-Z-º-tj B-[-bo-®-e-è. P-Ñ-_-do, h-Xo,

Pn-Xo-ey-e-Ù ®-X-dn-b È-cn-Nn-c-º³-tÐ-Á-H-u]n-td eo-en-i-Ñ-S-©-I³. f-e-hw-Ân-c-Ñ-S-©-

I³, b-Çn-Zo-I³ H-S-ºo-b h-Z-n-Nn-c-º-;-tS-Æw

A-So-Ùn-\w ue-Z-º-jn-bo-ç-è. ue-uZn-2-ta-Á

So-Ã-Wo-Æ-t¾-¹o² G-Hw h|p-In-cy-an-bo-ç-Á H-ç

In-d-L-½-an-üm B-cyn-e±-¿-¿o-ê-¾n-bo-ç-Á-Hm.

ue-Z-\o-À-I° \n-Òo-I-\n-tW-èw, \n-Òo-I° ª-w-

\n-tW-è-an-bo-ç-è e-Ým. \n-Òo-I-\n-In-Ìw X-Z|n-

cn ª-w-\n-In-Ìw B-çw A-õo-d-go-Ño-ç-Áo-È.

-ue-Z-]-T-\w [-a-I-c-an-üm. ue-Zn-Ð-ta-Á-u]-

co² D-]-\o-g-K-I-;w, !-cn-W-º-;w B-eo±-õ-eo-

Ñ-uXn-tS ue-Z-en-co-[o I-S-Æ-en° A-[o-I-an-çw

ao-\-tÐ-½o-È. hw-r-i-º-;w ttK-ì-I-;w en-bo-®m

]-cp-¸-tÆ-?-H-Á-H-u]n-td hn-an-\y P-\-X !-cn-W-

º-;w C-Xo-in-h-º-;w en-bo-®w [-eo-®w Xn-Ðn-

º-;-tS Çn-\-J-á f-ao-Ão-®-u]n-è. ue-Z-º³

H-ç e±-K-¿o-tÂ !-¿-I-Æw ¼-¸o-Ó-e-Ó-=-an-

bo an-lo. ue-uZn-2-ta-Á u]-co² !-cn-W-º-jo²

F-^-tb-¹o-êw F-?-Xo-uÑ±-%-en° h|n±-Y-uan-io

-I-jn-b Xn-uÐn-Áo-I³-%-I-ko-à. C-Xo-tÂ ^-d

-an-bo !-cn-W-º-jo-êw õn-c-Xn-Zo C-Xo-in-h-º-jo-êw

í-Xo-I-jo-êw, tte-Zo-In-Nn-c-eo-[o-I-jo-êw È±-u-a-Z-

hm e±-ªo-® e±-ªo-®m t]n-½o-tbn-do-® Pp±-Wo-®.

tte-Zo-I hw-Ân-c-ta-Á õ-ey-=w u[-~-=-an-b

Pp-eo-X-hw-eo-[n-\-?-aw A-uÄ X-I±-è. H-Áo-Ìw

H-c±-Y-=w C-Èn-tX-bn-bo. A-tÈ-¹o² F-Èn-¿o-

Ìw F-Èn A±-Y-=w D-¾n-bo. e-ª-tÂ B-eo±-õn-e-

u¿n-tS h-Zn-Nn-c-ta-Á en-Ðo-Ìm A±-Yw ]-l-bn-

ta-Á Zo-Ðn-bo. e-ª-tÂ J-\y-Xn-en-Z-¿o-t\


an-b-tb-Á B-I±-g-I-an-b ua-d-¹o-b-Wo-bo-®-tIn-

1m B-eo±-õ-eo-Ñ [p f-¹-c° X-¿|-fn-Ö-¿o-tÂ

B-eo-p-c-W-¿o² A-uº-b-Êw P-bw u\-So-tb-¹o-

êw hn-°-iy-]-co-p-c-W-ta-Á È-p-c b-Ç-¿o²

]-cn-P-b-tÃ-å. f-¹-c-Ì-uf-gw C-è-e-tc-Æ-¾n-

bo-å-É a-in-Zn-Ð-jo² °-è-u]± h-eo-uf-g

[-ª-Æ±-i-cn-üm. eo-c-Pn-\-À-tÂ fo-gy-\n-b

Z-bn-\-À°, cn-a-#-á-]-c-a-iw-h-ç-tS fo-gy-\n-b

eo-ue-In-\-À°, N-½-Äo-h|n-ao-I-;-tS fo-gy-\n-b

[p\n-cn-b-W° °-e-çw hn-°-iy-]-co-p-c-W-¿o-Ìm

e-Äo-Ñ ]-co-[-a-º³ tN-Ó P-bw u\-So-b-e-cn-üm.

C-e-ç-tS Xn-c-Xay-]-T-\-¿o-Ìm C-uÃn³ ]-co-[-

ao-%-Áo-È. [p\n-cn-b-W-Y-ç-=w a-i±-go Z-bn-

\-À-Ìw h-an-\n-f-b-cn-bo-ç-è. eo-ue-In-\-À°

hn-°-iy-]-co-p±-¿n-te-Á-Xo-ê-]-co 5-Nn-c-I\n-

bo-ç-è. eo-ue-In-\-À° B-I±-g-I-an-b 5-õn-

g-W-º-jo-ë-tS hn±-e-dv-Io-I 5-f-Òo u\-So-b-

uÃn³ Z-bn-\-À h-c-h|-Xo e-S-uÐ C-Ðy-bo-td

tti-À-e-co² Pn-Xo-uõ-Z-ta--u\y !-Xo-tbn-ç-W±-Fm

½-wo-®. [p \n-cn-b-W-Y-ç-eo-tÂ \-ep-\n-f-b-

º³-%m Pn-Xo-uÐn-a-c-º-jn-b uI-c-jp-b-co²

H-ç eo-õn-K-¿o² an-^-ua N-d-\w ½-wo-Ðn°

I-ko-à-= F-è-an-^w ]-l-à-e-Æ-t½.

KoXmclkywamXr`qanbpsS aq∂mw ]Xn∏v {]kn≤oIcn®p

udnIan\y _ndKwKn[cXodItÂudnIan\y _ndKwKn[cXodItÂ

KpXncihywKpXncihyw

]coõng: \uc]coõng: \ucÞ¨g® g®


ueZ¿otÂ aiX|wueZ¿otÂ aiX|w

I-a-dn\ucI-a-dn\ucÞ¨g®g®

ueZºjotd A-u\-In±-Y-Ittf-doueZºjotd A-u\-In±-Y-Ittf-do (തട (തട±ചച)ചച)

A-[yn-bw 2 A-[yn-bw 2 E-uK|-Z-¿o-td E-uK|-Z-¿o-td 5-ui-jo-I-I³--ui-jo-I-I³-

-A-u\yn-\yw (]-c--A-u\yn-\yw (]-c-à-cw) X-º--cw) X-º-;-tS -tS

fo-fo-I-Ð-tj ]n--Ð-tj ]n-ê-!-So-Ão--So-Ão-%-Á c--Á c-1m A-Å-an±-m A-Å-an±-

-a--a-Ôw-:w-:

-uZ| eo-uZ| eo-è-u] N-c-Xx h|-cmuY A-\yn-\yn e--u] N-c-Xx h|-cmuY A-\yn-\yn e-e-

®-] -[n-]-ub-uX.--] -[n-]-ub-uX.-

-i-co-c-\y-hynw õ-e-Xo h|-[n-en--i-co-c-\y-hynw õ-e-Xo h|-[n-en-Úu?n n

A-\y-hynw Z-A-\y-hynw Z-Ê-uf -uf æ-e-cmNn..--e-cmNn..-

-(E-uK|-Zw. 1. 95. 1, b-À±-ue-Zw. 33. 5)-

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:-:- eo-õo-Á è-]-Y-W-º-;-É I-c-¿-Hw-

te-;-¿-H-an-b c-¾-Å-an±. A-e± I-õ D-uË-f-I-

ªo-ubn-tS h|-Ð-I±-a-]-Y-¿o² õo-Á-õo-Á-5-In-

c-º-jo² h-Zn-eyn-]-co-®-tIn-¾o-co-%-è. H-cn³

a-uÊ-bn-jo-tÂ fo-I-eo-Ì ]n² \-î-è.-

-A-\y-hynw i-cox h|-[n-en-\mõ-e-Xo-A-\y-hynw i-cox h|-[n-en-\mõ-e-Xo = A-Xo²

te-É-\o-l-®-É A-Å-Æ-tS a-I° ic-o, fyn-a-e±-W-

h|-[n-en-Ìw, A-\y-hynw A-\y-hynw I-?x x æ-e-cmNn Z--e-cmNn Z-Ê-uf -uf =

c-¾n-a-t¿ A-Å-Æ-tS a-I° I-ª-Ìw D-¿-a-uX-

P-h|o-Æ-an-bo In-W-tÃ-â-è. F-5-In-c-an-uWn

cn- o-Æw ]-I-êw, 5-In-f-¿o-Ìw, A-á-In-c-¿o-Ìw

In-c-W-an-bo õo-Á-õo-Á-è-]-¿o² 5-I-Sp-õ-eo-%-Á-

Hm A-H-u]n-td c-¾-Å-an-çw 5-uXy-Iw 5-uXy-Iw

H-cn³ a-tÊn-cn-;-tS fo-Ieo-t\ F-Á e-Bw ¼-cy-

u\-Æw N-Þ-u\-Æw ]-co-]n-do-Ñm c-¸o-Ñm hn-Ç-Py-a-

S-Æ-è. Kv-c-e±-W-®-É A-Å-Æ-tS a-I° i-co-Æw

#-á-an-Xn-eo-tÂ a-I° A-Á-en-Ìw B-bo-co-%-

Á-Hm an-Xn-Ð-;-tS @-X-\o±-õ-c-an-b hw-c-¸-Ww

tIn-¾n-üm. D-r-è-]o-bn-b ¼-cy-tÂ Xn-]w (ú-Sm)

A-I-e-Á-Hm N-Þ-\n-üm A-Xo\n² N-Þ° i-co-bn-

bo. ]-u¸ ¼-cy-5-In-f-¿o-tÂ hn-Áo-ªy-¿o²

an-^-ua N-Þ-Ìm A-Á-=w ©-g-[o-Æw D-+n-Zo-Ão-

Ðn° I-ko-Ç. Î cn-ô-Æw ]-I-ê-an-!-Á A-Å-

an-cn-üm !-^-în-ç-tS I±-¿-ey-]n-d-\-¿o²

Z-¿-[-ª-cn-bo A-e-tc ttI-]o-So-®-\-S-K-Á-Hm

5-]-Õ-¿o-tÂ \o-d-\o-+o-Án-e-fy-an-b Xn-]-=w

Ï±-P-=w 5-Zn-\w tN-å-Á ¼-cy-tÂ f-2o-bn-üm

½-wo Pn-d-º³-%-É A-Á-=w ©-g-[-=w \o±-ao-

Ðn° N-Þ-t\ I±-uan-ï-J-\n-%-Á-Hm.-

-(Zyv-(Zyv= Zo-\w (1.9) hn-b-W°, B-c-Wy-Iw 1.10

A-Ì-h-co-Ñm Zyv-\m cn-Zyv-\m cn-ô X-Yn A-ix o X-Yn A-ix (A-uin-

cn-^w) f-p-an-üm \-ío-bo-co-%-Á-Hm. F-Án²

an-Xn-em F-Á ]-Zw Öp-dow-K f-p-an-bo ]-co-K-Wo-

%-Á-Hm ¹-â-X² ©-No-Xy-Ð±-W-ta-è I-1m Zo-\w Zo-\w

F-Á F-Á Öp-dow-K f-p-dow-K f-p-t¿ Zo-em (Zyv)-t¿ Zo-em (Zyv) F-Án-üm

5-ubn-Ko-Ño-co-%-Á-Hm.-)

-I-c-¿-Hw te-;-¿-H-an-b c-¾-Å-an± cn-ô-

Æw, ]-Iêw Zo-\-¿o-tÂ f-2o-uîn-X-ônüm cnô.

cn-ô-Æ-tS !-^-\n-üm ¼-cy°. Kv-c-e±-W-=w I-ª-Ìw, æ-e±-N-æ-an-üm ¼-cy-t\-èm a-Ôw ¼-No-Ão

-%-è. A-Y±-e-ue-Zw ¼-cy-t\-%-lo-® ]-l-Æ-Á-Hm."

#-án-bnx n-bnx !-u-u^n A-cmn A-cmÀ-u\n cn--u\n cn-^yn e-uyn e-uen n

A-Pn-b-XA-Pn-b-X (13.3.26)-

-Î a-Ô-¿o-Ì H-dy-an-b e±-W-\ f-X-]-Y-¿o²

In-ü-Á-Xo-º-t\-bn-üm. cn-cn-ô-cm-tte o-cm-tte #-ánI-B- -

e-e-en, X-hyn A-hn-en-Zo-uXyn-e-n, X-hyn A-hn-en-Zo-uXyn-e-ex.x. fX: 9. 1.

3.30 Î fo-I-eo-Ìm P-îw \-ío-b cn-ô -]-Ido-Ìm

f-2o-]-I±-èm uX-P-õ \-ín-\n-bo fo-I-en-b ¼-cy-

t\ \-î-I-bn-üm. ]-I-dn-üm B !-¼o-Ìm ]n-ê

\-î-Á-Hw ttI ]o-So-Ñm 5-õn-Xw ®-X² 5-uZn-gw

e-tc B-In-f-h-Õn-c-¿o-Ìm ubn-Ky-\n-%-Á-Hw.

]-I-do-tÂ !-^° #-án-õ-an-b °-S²-a-à-u]n-td

a-ºo-b-5-In-f-®-É I-j-¹-a-b-\n-b N-Þ-\n-üm. A-Xo-

t\-bn-üm a-Ô-¿o² i-co F-Á ]-Zw tIn-1

eo-e-¸o-%-Á-Hm.

-b-À. 33.5 tÂ õn-gy-¿o² D-F-S-Ìw a-ip-[-

c-Ìw õn-gyw tN-Òo-co-%-Á-Hm "i-cox i-co-X-e-cmi-cox i-co-X-e-cm

uWnuWn lox. ox. I-?x x I-Bx B-Zo-Xyx.x B-Zo-Xyx. hn-b-W õn-gy-


(HSçw)

¿o² i-co, B-Zo-Xy-X-Yn-i-co, B-Zo-Xy-X-Yn-I-?-A--A-loo F-Án-üm

]-l-¼o-co-%-Á-Hm. i-cox c-h-i-c-W-fp-d B-Zo-i-cox c-h-i-c-W-fp-d B-Zo-

Xyx. Xyx. I-?x \o-cma-d-Zp-x \o-cma-d-Zp-Ño-c-o-c-loo a-i±-go Z-bn-\-À-

tÂ b-À±-ue-Z-õn-gy-¿o² i-cox-a-u\n-in-cp N-i-cox-a-u\n-in-cp N-Þ. .

(33.5) \o-ç-2w. 4.19 ² i-cox uhn-uan i-co-X-e-i-cox uhn-uan i-co-X-e-

cmWocmWo F-è E-uK|-Zw (1.164.51) ]-l-Æ-Á-Hm.-

-¨-aow ]-cmP-\yn Pp-e--aow ]-cmP-\yn Pp-e-Ðo Zo-ew Po-\|-o Zo-ew Po-\|-Ð-l-bx -bx ¼-cy-

Io-c-W-º³ In±-ua-L-t¿ \p-cn-eo-bn-Ðo, P-d-

an-Ðo ¨-ao-Æ-tS Zn-iw f-ao-Ão-Ñm P-d 5-en-i-

¿n² ¨-ao-tb J-Ñ-bn-%-è.- atÊnç cpXobo²

]l¼n² -h±-e-Yn eo-ç-ª-è-]o-I-jn-b ]-I-êw

cn-ô-Æw F-Á c-1 Öp-I³ 5n-W-[n-co-I-jn-b

Pp-e-Pn-d-º-;-tS æ-Ùo-Xo-%-ue-¾o cn-]-I-td-

u\y A-e-ç-tS \o-b-X-an-b I±-a-ua-J-d-bo² h-Zn

ª-a-Ww tN-Ó e±-¿o-%-è. ]-I² te-jo-Ñ-=w,

cn-ô eo-[-a-=w \-î-è. C-e-co-ç-e-çw ]-c-à-cw

X-º-;-tS fo-I-Ð-;-tS hw-c-¸-W-¿o² Z-¿-[-

ª-cn-tW-Á-Xn-W-W-Xw. ]-I-do-tÂ !-^° A-lo-

Æw cn-ô-Æ-tS !-^° ¼-cy-Ì-an-üm. cn-ô-Æ-tS

K±-õ-¿o² \o-èm P-\o-%-Á ¼-cy-t\ ttI-]o-So-

®-\-S-¿o hw-c-¸o-®-e-j±-¿o D-r-è-]o-bn-%-Á-

Hm ]-I-dn-üm. C-H-u]n-td ]-I² K±-õw [-co-Ñm

P-\o-%-Á-Xn-üm A-lo. A-Xo-t\ e-j±-K-Á-Hm

cn-ô-Æw. i-co ¼-cy-tÂ \n-a-an-üm. F-Ñ-tIn-t¾-

Án² ¼-cy° -ao-Æ-tS c-h-t¿ i-c-Ww tN-å-è.

]-I-do-tÂ !-^° A-lo A-Xy-Ðw uX-P-h|o-Æw,

B-\-À-Zn-b-I-Ì-an-üm.-

Á-ç-Ðo-Ã-l-¼n² cn-=w ]-I-ê-ta-Á c-¾-Å-

an-ç-tS !-^-în-cn-üm ¼-cy-Ìw N-Þ-Ìw. ¼-cy-Xn-]

-t¿ i-co-%-Á N-Þ° ¨-g-[o e-\-à-Xo-I-j-S

-ºo-b h-a-Ò h-hy-Pn-d-º-;-tS-Æw hw-c-¸-I

-\n-üm. ¼-cy° X-tÂ 5-In-f-Io-c-W-º-jn² ]-I-

do-t\ 5-õn-Ð-co-X-an-Ðo Pp-e-Pn-d-º³%m In-Ðo

-Æw ep-cy-=w ¨-P-õw 5-Zn-\w tN-Ó 5-]-ÕttN-X-\yw \o-d-\o±-K-è.-

-]--]-K-Æ-e-Xo-I--e-Xo-I-;-tS H-Ê-a-I°--tS H-Ê-a-I°--a--a-Ôw:-w:-

-Z-uf-aw X|--Z-uf-aw X|-x-cmP-\-b--cmP-\-b-Ð K-cmõ-a-X- K-cmõ-a-X-Þn-uhnn-uhn-

Æ-e-X-ubn eo--e-X-ubn eo-©-^-am.--am.-

-Xo--Xo-on-\p-Iw h|-b-f-hw P-u\-n-\p-Iw h|-b-f-hw P-u\-i

eo-ucn-N-an-\w -]-co gpw \-b-eo-ucn-N-an-\w -]-co gpw \-b-Ðo.

(E-uK|-Zw. 1. 95. 2)-

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:-:- B-d-hy-c-io-X-cn-b ]-K Æ-e-Xo-I³

X-º-;-tS õ±-¿n-en-b H-wn-eo-\n² K±õÙ\nb

Hç !^Ìm Pîw \ío. Ge±%w B-[-b-an-Ðn-

\-Ì-ubn-Py-\n-bo-ç-Á Ae°. Xp-á-an-b uX-P-õw,

h|-Ð b-f-ôo-\n² h-I-d-co-êw 5-õn-e-d-bw

½-wo-Ðn° ubn-Ky-Ì-an-bo-ç-è.-

-hn-b-W° Î ]-ui-do-%m c-1 eyn-Jyn-\w

F-?-Xo-bo-å-1m. B-Zy-t¿ õn-gy-a-Ì-h-co-Ñm ]-K

Æ-e-Xo-I³, ]-K Zo-%-I-jn-üm. X|-wn-em a-[y-a-

Ùn-\p-b-an-bo Zp-Ñ-an-bo-co-%-Á en-Æ B-!-è.

en-Æ-®-uJ-\ Zo-%-I-jo-td ua-L-è-]-an-b D-Z-c-

¿o² K±-õw Ùn-]o-X-an-!-è. B en-Æ-eo² \o-

èm Zo-f-I³ A-Y-en Zo-%-I³ tte-Zz-Xn-lo è-]-

¿o-ê-É !-^-Ìm P-îw \-î-è. A-º-t\ P|-do-®-

b-ç-Á !-^° Xp-á-®-J-Ìw A-Xo-f-b-b-f-h|o-Æw,

eo-uf-g-è-]-¿o² Xo-j-ºo eo-j-©-Á-e-Ì-an-!-è.-

-c-¾n-a-t¿ eyn-Jyn-\-a-Ì-h-co-Ñm b-Ç-I±-aw

A-Ì-~o-%-Á-e-ç-tS ]-K-eo-c-ê-I-jn-üm ]-K

Æ-e-Xo-I³. X|-wn-em en-Æ--uZ-e-\n-üm. bn-Ço-I±

A-c-Wo-I-S-àm en-Æ-eo-tÂ h-in-b-u¿n-tS

b-Çn-lo-è-]o-bn-b !-^-Ì P-îw \-î-è.-

Zo-Ðo-t\ hw-_-áo-Ñ eyn-Jyn-\-¿o² X|-

wn-eo-Ìm ¼-cy-t\-Á A±-Yw F-â-Ðnw. Î f-pw

X|o-gm Zp-X|o-gm Zp-Ñvv F-Á [n-H-eo² \o-èm \o-¦-Á-an-!-

Á-Xn-üm. A-H-u]n-td-X-tÁ \o-ç-2-a-Ì-h-co-Ñm

A-A-lo, en-o, en-Ç, , ¼-cy°-cy° Ce °-Áo-tÂ-Æw f-p-en-No-

bn-üm. (\o-ç-2w. 8. 14, 10.33, 12.11) Zo-f-I-jo² ¼-cy-

\n² ½-wo-Ð-tÃ-â-Á !-^-\n-b ¼-cy-Io-c-W-º-

tj-uX-P-ôo-t\ h-a-Ò-P-\-º-jo-êw C-S-º-jo-êw

F-¿o-%-Á-Hm en-Æ-en-üm.

-B-[yn-Zo-I A±-Y-¿o² Î ]-K Æ-e-

Xo-I³ C-Þo-b f-2o-I-;w, X|-wn-em 5n-W-Ì-an-

üm. C-Þo-b-º³ 5n-W-f-2o-tIn-1m, Çn-\w

A-Y-en I±-a-è-]o-bn-b b-f-h|o-Æw h-I-d±-%w

5o-b-¹-c-Ìw eo-uf-g-uX-P-h|oÆan-b !-^-Ì P-îw

\-î-è. A-Xo-t\ h±-e-^ eyn-]o-Ão-Ñm F-Èn-e±-

%w A-Ì-õ-e-ue-Zy-an-%-è.-

[p A-c-eo-À-uLn-go-tÂ ue-Z-eyn-Jyn-\-ttf-

do-b-Ì-h-co-Ñm I-]n-dp-fn-Öo-I³ c-No-Ñ ho-ªn-Ý-

\-õn-gy-¿o² Î ]-K-Æ-e-Xo-I³ ¼-K-an-b

[o-¸-W f-2o-tb-Án-üm ]-l-¼o-co-%-Á-Hm.

G-tXn-ç b-P-an-\-\n-uWn ttZ-ep-h-Ä-¿o-Ì-

ue-¾o b-Çw Pp-eo-X-@-X-an-bo-tIn-1 \-S-%-

Á-Hm A-uË-i-¿o-tÂ A-Ð-cw-K-¿o² Zo-ey-an-b

A-lo-è-]o-bn-b ua[bnbo fo-I-en-bo A-Hm P-î-

ta-â-%-è.-

A-b-A-b-Ço-ubn i-X-ec--m-Nn õ-e-Xoo-ubn i-X-ec--m-Nn õ-e-Xo (A -Y±ew 12.3.37) b-Po-Ðn-¿-e° tF-f|-cyw tI-½-e-\n-bo õ-eo-%-è.


Ðcmeapanwhcmeapanwh


ttPao\paicmgpttPao\paicmgp#Xam -Xam -- - fn_cõngynfn_cõngynÌ½XwXw

(HS±Ñ)S±Ñ)

b-b-Ç-¿o² P--¿o² P-Ñ-iow-hn--iow-hn-ª-a-¿o-tÂ -a-¿o-tÂ In-c-W-º³In-c-W-º³-

1) ue-Z-º-jo² ±-K-e-[w eo-[o-Ño-å-t¾-Á ao-Yyn-

[n-c-W-bn-üm H-Án-a-t¿-In-c-Ww. C-Xm ®-Ù-ª-

co-Ñ N-c-I-hw-io-X-bo-td ]-]-J-\n-ua-en-õy--\n-ua-en-õy-Ì-

Çn-\n-Xmn-\n-Xm F-Á e-N-\-¿o² \o-èw A-H-

u]n-td D-]-co-N-c-e-æ-eo-tÂ hw-io-Xn-a-hw-io-Xn-a-Ôn-n-

iow-hn-do-MmKnx. iow-hn-do-MmKnx. (en-Æ-!-cn-Ww 57.107) F-Á

5-Òn-e-¿o² \o-èw à-w-an-Wm.-

2) a-tÊn-ç 5-[n-\-In-c-Ww A-PA-P B-Zo-f-p-º-;-tS

eo-õo-Á A±-Y-º³ X-tÁ-bn-üm. c-¾n-a-Xn-bo

B-d-õ, B-dw-õ ?o-b-I-;-tS hn-u¹-Xo-I A±-Y

h-¹-d-\=w.-

-A-Pw-:-A-Pw-: -A-P-f-p-¿o-Ìm c-¾±-Yw ]-l-bnw. H-èm

On-Kx (B-Sm) F-èw, ®-j-Æn-¿-Hm F-èw 5n-Np-\

B-K-a r-×-º-jo² \o±-uË-fo-Ño-co-%-Á A-ttP-A-ttP-

cy-cy-w-ey-am-ey-am ®-X-dn-b en-Iy-º-jo-td A-Pw B-uSn

A-Y-en ®-j-Æn-¿ eo-u¿n F-èm \o-L-bo-Ðn-tX,

eo-f-Z-an-bo ]-To-Ðn-tX è-Vn±-Y-¿o-Ì _-dw

\-ío B-tS-èm I-ç-Xo b-Ç-¿o² A-Pn-dw-õ-\w

A-Y-en ±-K-e-[w B-cw-õo-®. Î tX-Êo-Ì hn-¸yw

e-io-%-Á H-ç 5-an-Ww a-in-õn-c-X-¿o-ê-1m. (fn-

Ðo-]±-ew 337-nw A-[yn-bw) uZ-e-în-çw E-go-an-çw

X-Åo-ê-É H-ç hw-en-Z-an-üm h-À±-õw.-

-I) A-uP-\ b--I) A-uP-\ b-w-ey-ao-Xo -ey-ao-Xo 5n-n-*-cmuZ-en -cmuZ-en

Zo-uPn-¿-an-\m.- Zo-uPn-¿-an-\m.-

-h N On-uKn -h N On-uKn ]y-uPn u]y-uPn uÇ-ubn -\n-\yx -ubn -\n-\yx

]- ]-I-co-Xo -co-Xo Ùo-Xox..-o-Xox..-

-E-g-bx Ï- -E-g-bx Ï-úx-x-

_p-ttP-cy-u _p-ttP-cy-uÇ-i b- b-w-ey--ey-

ao-Xo tte tte-Zo-Ip ao-Xo tte tte-Zo-Ip \-Xox.--Xox.-

- A-P-hw-- A-P-hw-Çn-\o _p-Pn-\o On-Kw u\n i-n-\o _p-Pn-\o On-Kw u\n i-Ñ- -

a-cmi-Yx- tt\-g [-cmax h-Xnw uZ-en -b- a-cmi-Yx- tt\-g [-cmax h-Xnw uZ-en -b- - tte - tte

_- _-ªy-uX- ]-y-uX- ]-Ix.-x.-

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:- :- uZ-e-în± ]-l-à. A-Pw tIn-1m b-Çw

tN-Çn° B-r-io-%-è. A-Xo-Ì eo-[o-Æ-1m. B

A-P-an-I-t½ On-Kx A-Y-en B-Sn-bo-co-Ð-Ww a-e

±-K-º-jn-I-ç-Hm. E-go-an± ]-l-à: _p-Pw tIn-1-

ue-Ww b-Çw \-S-¿n-t\-èm ue-Z-¿o² eo-[o-Æ-

1m. A-P-ta-Án² _p-P-ta-Án-W±-Yw. A-Xo-\n²

On-Km F-Á ±-K-t¿ e-[o-Ð-ç-Xm. ±-K-e-[w \-S-%-

Áo-S-Km h-Xm!-ç-g-[±-aw ]n-do-Ð-tÃ-â-Áo-È-è

an-^-a-È AHm ue-Zn-Ì-¹-d-=-a-È.-

-J)-J) G-Xn-bn-êw Î 5-Òn-e-¿o² \o-èm A-P-

hw-Ç-Æ-É _p-Pw G-tX-è ey-2-a-È. F-Án²

en--Æ!-cn-W-¿o-td D-]-co-N-c-e-æ-eo-tÂ I-Y-bo²

]-l-Æ-Á-Hm.-

-b-b-Ç-_p-ttPx -_p-ttPx æ-c-u-c-u[-~ ubub-i- iow-hn - iow-hn

\- eo-Zy-uX.- -\- eo-Zy-uX.- -^o e-cmg ]-c-aw In-do e-cmg ]-c-aw In-d®-go-ttX--go-ttX-

c-c-5-ucn-io-õo-ucn-io-õo (en-Ç-!-cn-Ww 57. 100. 101)-

[en-Æ-!-cn-W-¿o-êw a-ey-!-cn-W-¿o-êw b-b-Ç-

_p-ttPx_p-ttPx F-è X-tÁ-bn-üm ]n-Tw; C-eo-tS b-b-Ç-

_p-ttPx _p-ttPx F-Án-bo-ç-è ]n-Tw e-uc-¾o-bo-ç-Á-Hm.

A-\y-Yn ?o-b-Æ-tS A-õn-e-¿o² en-Iyw A-Ð±-W-

an-bo-co-%w. a-in-õn-c-X-u^n-I-¿o² _p-ttP-cy-_p-ttP-cy-

uÇ-ib-b-w-eyw-eyw F-Á-Hw C-eo-tS ê-c-Wp-b-

an-üm.]

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:- :- ui! æ-c-u[-~n! °-è-e±-g-¿o-d-[o-Iw

]-k-Ð-®-É-Hw, e-b-do² #-go-%m D-]-Æ-2-=-a-

Èn-¿ (®-j-Æn-¿) _p-P-º-jn² b-Çw tN-å-I.

®-j-Í-en°-uf-go-bo-Èn-¿-Xo-\n² iow-h-Æ-tS

5-T-=-ao-È.-

-en--Æ-!-cn-W-¿o-² A-5-ucn-io F-Án-üm

In-ü-Á-Hm. e-b-do² #-go-%-]-Æ-2-a-Èn-¿

F-Á 5-ubn-Kw 5-uXy-I [-ª A±-io-%-è.

In-c-Ww D-+n-Z-\-uf-go-Æ-É [n-\y-º³ b-Ç-

¿o² A±-Ão-%-Á-Hm A-Ì-No-X-an-tW-èw A-eo-

tS [|-\o-Æ-1m. ®-j-Æn-¿ [n-\yw F-Á±-Yw B-So-Ì

uN-ç-I-bo-tÈ-Á h-Xyw h±-e-h-Å-X-=-an-üm.-

-®-j-Æn-¿ eo-u¿ b-Ç-¿o-Ì-]-ubn-KoÐn->


¿o² ]-l-¼o-co-%-Á-Hm "A-Pw tIn-1m bÇw

tNå-I" F-Án-üm. A-P-ta-Án² G-? e±-gw ]-k-b

@p-io F-Án-üm A-Èn-tX ±-K-eo-uf-gw A-Y-en

B-Sm F-Á±-Y-a-È ]-l-¼o-co-%-Á-Hm.-

-Î ]-T-\-º-jo² \o-tÁ-Ènw à-w-an-!-Á-Hm

5n-Np-\- b-Çn-K-a-º-jo² A-ttP-c-A-ttP-c-w-eyw-eyw F-Á

eo-[o-eo-[n-\-®-¾n-bo-ç-è. A-eo-tS-Æw A-P-ta-

Án² #-go-%-]-Æ-2-a-Èn-¿ ]-k-b [n-\y-º³

(Io-jo±-Ðn-¿) F-è-X-tÁ-bn-üm. F-Án² ]o-Áp-

â-e-Á D-¿-c-In-dp-\-cn-b h|n±-Yo-I-bn-b

bn-Ço-I± A-Çn-\-=w ao-Yyn-[n-c-W-Æw °-dw

A-P-¿o-Ìm ±-K-ta-Á±-Yw I-+o-Ñm b-Ç-¿o²

±-K-_-do B-cw-õo-®.-

!-ç-g AP Kv A-eo -f--g AP Kv A-eo -f-p-º--º-;-tS -tS

A±-Y-¿o-A±-Y-¿o-êw ao-Yyn-[n-c-W--w ao-Yyn-[n-c-W--

F-5-In-c-an-uWn A-P-f-pw b-Ç-¿o² ±-K

-fpan-bo eyn-Jyn-\o-Ñm ±-K-_-do B-cw-õo-Ñ-Hm

A-H-u]n-td tX-Ên-bo eyn-Jyn-\o-Ñm è-V-an-bo-

¿p±-Á en-%-I-jn-üm !-ç-g°, A-f|w Kv

A-eo F-Áp \n-a-è-]-º³. en-Ò-eo-I A±-Yw

a-l-à-u]n-bo F-Á-Xn-üm bn-Yn±-Yyw. A-º-t\

b-Ç-¿o² ±-K-_-do eo-[o-Ño-å-t¾-Á bn-Ço-

I-en-Zw 5-Á-c-5-Nn-c-an±-Po-®. tte-Zo-I-b-Ç-5-I-

c-W-¿o² f-p-º-;-tS Xn-+-cy-t¿-%-lo-Ñm h-eo-

Ò-cw 5-Xo-]n-Zo-® I-ko-¼-Xn-I-bn² C-eo-tS

ep-1w AHm N±-Ñ tN-å-Áo-È.-

c-¾n-a-t¿ eo-g-bw b-Ç-¿o-td ]-f|n-dw

õ-\ I±-a-an-üm

-B-d-õ B-dw-õ-\ -B-d-õ B-dw-õ-\ ?o-b-I-o-b-I-;-tS h-Åo--tS h-Åo-[-Ww--Ww-

-]n-Wo-\o-% ®-Ù X-tÁ I-ª dw-õ-[n- dw-õ-[n-H-eo-tÂ -eo-tÂ

Xo-M-Xo-M-Ð 5-ubn-Kw-ubn-Kw hw-Á-X õn-g-bo² \o-Á5-Xy-

¸-an-bo-ç-è. A-H-tIn-1-X-tÁ B In-d-K-Pp-

eo-Ño-ç-Á tte-Çn-I-c-W-în± dw-õ [n-H-eo-tÂ

hw-r-iw [n-H-]n-T-¿o² tN-Òo-ç-Áo-È. F-è

X-tÁ-ÆaÈ dw-õ-[n-H-eo² \o-è \o-¦-Á-an-!-Á

f-p-º-tj d-õ [n-H-eo² ¹-½o-uÑ±-K-]-ubn-Ko-®.

C-Ðn-c-W-¿n² B-d-õ-Æw B-dw-õ-Æw h-an-\n±-

Y-I-ta-èm tX-Êo-ª-co-Ñm bn-K-b-Ç-º-jo² ±-K-e-

[w B-cw-õo-®.-

-d-õ-Æw dw-õ-Æw c-1m h|-X-Ô-[n-H-Ð-jn-üm.

Î eo-g-bw e-j-tc eo-Õ-X-=w B-[o-In-co-I-=-an-

bo I-ko-¼ õn-K-º-jo² N±-Ñ tN-Òo-å-1m.

(HSçw)

F-è \o±-uË-fo-Ñ A-iow-hn-en-Zo-I-jn-b E-gp-

f|-c-în-ç-tS B±-g-r-×-º-jo² F-eo-tS-bn-üm

b-Ç-¿o² ±-K-_-do-%m eo-[o-Æ-É-Hm?. A-uXn

±-K-e-[-¿o-\-Ì-¹-d-an-b 5-¸o-Ñ-º³ ]o-ñn-d-Km

¹-½o-uÑ±-¿o-å-u¾n? B-udn-N-\n±-i-=w ]-T-\-eo-

u[-b-=-an-uI-¾ eo-g-b-an-Wo-Hm.-

-K)-K) a-ey-!-cn-W-¿o² Î I-Y-Æ-tS h-À±-õw

]-l-Æ-Á-Hm

b-b-Ç-_p-ttPx -_p-ttPx æ-c-u-c-u[-~ ô-e-cmK-]-co-uan-o-e-cmK-]-co-uan-

go-ttXx.go-ttXx. (143.14)-

-C-eo-tS ô-e-cmKo-e-cmK F-Á-Xo-Ì-]-I-cw ô-e-cmgw o-e-cmgw

F-Án-bo-ç-è ]n-Tw e-uc-¾o-bo-ç-Á-Hm.

-L)-L) a-in-õn-c-X-¿o-êw !-cn-W-º-jo-êw 5-Xo-]n-Zo-

Ño-å-É A-Pw F-Á f-p-¿o-tÂ Xn-¿|o-I-A±-Y

-\o±-uË-fw ttP-\-r-×-an-b hyn-Z|n-Z-a-hyn-Z|n-Z-a-Ý-cp--cp-bo-êw

d-õy-an-üm.-

“b-Yn-io Io-d ue-uZ b-Yn-io Io-d ue-uZ “A-ttP-c-A-ttP-c-w-ey-am-ey-am” C-Xyn-Zo C-Xyn-Zo

en-uIy-en-uIy-i ao-Yyn- ao-Yyn-Ê-ufn-ufn P-f-P-f-pw ]-w ]-I-en-N-Iw -en-N-Iw

eyn-N-¸-uX. h-ay-eyn-N-¸-uX. h-ay-d-f--f-Ó P- P-în-n-5n-ubn-Kyw n-ubn-Kyw

ô-en-cmgo-Iw b-e-o-en-cmgo-Iw b-e-@p-iyn-Zo, ]-p-iyn-Zo, ]-Õ-en-cmgo-Iw-en-cmgo-Iw

Xo-d-a-Xo-d-a-¼-cn-Zo, h--cn-Zo, h-Ñ-en-cmgo-Iw, I--en-cmgo-Iw, I-¦-h-cmg--h-cmg-

]n-Zo [n-\y]-cyn-b-X-bn ]-cy-e-hn-b-]n-Zo [n-\y]-cyn-b-X-bn ]-cy-e-hn-b-Ðo.o.“

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:-:- ue-Z-¿o² ]-l-¼o-å-É A-Pw tIn-1m

b-Çw tN-å-I C-Xyn-Zo en-Iy-º-jo-td A-P

f-p-¿o-Ìm ao-Yyn-[n-c-W-°-dw A-Çn-\o-I-jn-b

B-;-I³ ±-Kw A-Y-en ]-I F-Á±-Yw tIn-â-K.-

hayd-f± A-Y-en Çn-\o-I³ °-è e±-gw

]-k-Io-b #-go-%-]-Æ-2-a-Èn-¿ uKn-X-Äm, @p-ip

H-S-ºo-b [n-\y-º³, A-Ö-e±-gw I-ko-¼ e-co-

t\-Èm \-e-[n-\yw G-?-e±-gw I-ko-¼ Xo-\, e-c-Im,

I-â-Im B-Zo-bn-b [n-\y-º³ FÁoe ]-cyn-b-è-]-

¿o² ]-co-K-Wo-Ño-ç-è.-

-M)-M) C-Xo-tÂ a-tÊn-ç 5-Xo-è-]w ]-Õ-X-Ô-¿o-êw

D-]-d-t-an-üm.-

G-uXG-uX ]o bn-]o bn-Ço-In b-o-In b-Ç-I-cma-Wo ]--I-cma-Wo ]-J\m-\m-

-eyn-]n-Z-b--eyn-]n-Z-b-Ðo, uX o, uX °-cmJnx ]-c-an-cmYw -cmJnx ]-c-an-cmYw \-uX--uX-

cm\- -Pn-\-cm\- -Pn-\-Ðo. X-o. X-^-Io-ttd-X--Io-ttd-X-È-2-am. -am. "A-ttP-A-ttP-

cyw-cyw-w-ey-am-ey-am". ". A-Pn-A-Pn-@p-i-bx h-p-i-bx h-Ñ-en-cmgo-Inx -en-cmgo-Inx

I-Yy-uI-Yy-uÐ, \ , \ !-\x ]--\x ]-I-eo-uf-gx-eo-uf-gx"

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:: Î bn-Ço-I-çw b-Ç-I±-a-¿o²

±-K-º-tj tIn-;-è. B °-V-în±-%m ue-Z-e-N-\-

¿o-tÂ f-co-bn-b A±-Yw A-lo-b-¿o-È. ue-Z-

A-Zmõyx h-amA-Zmõyx h-am©-Xx -Xx #-Yottey c-hn-Ñ eo-f|-Icma-Wx h-a-ecm-¿n-u-Yottey c-hn-Ñ eo-f|-Icma-Wx h-a-ecm-¿n-ur ½-wo-% ®-Äm eo-f|w ½-wo-%-Á-e-tÂ b-Ç-¿o²,

P-d-¿o-tÂ c-h-¿o²\o-Ám udn-I- ½-wo-%-É-Xm X-Çn-ln-Ðo e±-¿o-Ño-ç-è


(HS±Ñ)S±Ñ)


A±XõngywXõngyw

ue-Z-õn-g F-ue-Z-õn-g F-Ðn-tW-uÁn A-Xo-tÂ hw-n-tW-uÁn A-Xo-tÂ hw-Çn-fn-n-fn-Öw ue-Znw-K-º³ D-]nw-K-º³ F-Áo-e F-tw ue-Znw-K-º³ D-]nw-K-º³ F-Áo-e F-tÐ-

uÁn F-uÁn F-Ðo-t\-uÁn ue-Z-a-o-t\-uÁn ue-Z-a-Ô-=-an-bo A-e--an-bo A-e-Í e-È _- e-È _-á-=w D-u¾n F-Á-u\|-go-Ðn-tX-bn-w D-u¾n F-Á-u\|-go-Ðn-tX-bn-üm ]-d-m ]-d-

çw w \-Xo -Xo í-Xo-I-tj eo-d-bo--Xo-I-tj eo-d-bo-ç-K-Á--Á-Hw eyn-Jyn-\o-w eyn-Jyn-\o-%-Á--Á-Hw. õn-c-X-¿o-tÂ hn-w. õn-c-X-¿o-tÂ hn-°-io-I-\p-Xo--io-I-\p-Xo-Æw w

cn-cn-{-ey-e-in-c-\p-Xo--ey-e-in-c-\p-Xo-Æw ey-w ey-2o-\o-b-a-º-o-\o-b-a-º-;w I-w I-ç-Ão-So-Ão-Ñ a--Ão-So-Ão-Ñ a-Ì-í-Xo-ub--Xo-ub-Æw a-w a-Ì-eo-u\--eo-u\-Æw F-w F-^-an--an-^w

A-]-Ip±-¿o-tÃ-A-]-Ip±-¿o-tÃ-â-¿o õn-c-Xp-b hw--¿o õn-c-Xp-b hw-¾n-c-t¿ A-e-ui-jo-Ño-n-c-t¿ A-e-ui-jo-Ño-ç-è F- F-è N-co- N-co-^w F-tÁ-¹o-w F-tÁ-¹o-êw w

H-co-Ð² ue-Z-\-ubn-tSn±-Ðn-tX-X-c-ao-È. A-Xo-H-co-Ð² ue-Z-\-ubn-tSn±-Ðn-tX-X-c-ao-È. A-Xo-ê-]-co \nw I-W-Ðm ]-l-ub-¾o-e-co-I a--]-co \nw I-W-Ðm ]-l-ub-¾o-e-co-I a-Ì-eo-tÂ -eo-tÂ

u]-co² õn-c-Xp-b-]v-ucn-io-Xy-u]-co² õn-c-Xp-b-]v-ucn-io-Xy-=w Pn-Xo-w Pn-Xo-~n-n-1-Wy--Wy-=w In-½o-w In-½o-&-½o-b u]--½o-b u]-&-K-I³-Ðn-bo-co--I³-Ðn-bo-co-%w.w.

-\-uc-\-uc-Þ-¨-g®-g®

(5Ya A[ynbw, Ya A[ynbw, ½w½woDoD+¿o Gew [±uan¿o Gew [±uan+¿o)¿o)

~-1n-eo-tÂ Zo-\-cn-n-eo-tÂ Zo-\-cn-^o-e±-W-\-o-e±-W-\-

68. 68. ~n-n-1-hy--hy-H ¸-]n-i-hy b-Xm ¸-]n-i-hy b-Xm5-an-Ww -an-Ww

h-an-h-Xx.- h-an-h-Xx.-

-G-ttI-I-ufn -G-ttI-I-ufn Æ-Kn-\nw- -Kn-\nw- H

?-a-fn--a-fn-Ò-Áo-u_n-[-X.. 68 (37)-Áo-u_n-[-X.. 68 (37)-

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:-:- a-Ì, a-i±-go-an-ucn-â ]-l-¼-tX-tÐÁn², ~n-n-1-hy -hy H-¸-]n -¸-]n + A-i-hy A-i-hy = ]-c-an-Zn

-eo-tÂ Zo-\-cn-^-º-;tS, H = X-Yn, G-ttI-I-fx G-ttI-I-fx Æ-Kn--Kn-

\nw\nw = ¨-ucn-ucn Æ-K-º-;-uS-Æw, b-Xm b-Xm 5-an-Ww-an-Ww =

G-H (In-d-]-co-an-Ww) In-d 5-an-W-®-u¾n, X-XmX-Xm =

A-Xo-t\, ?-a-fx -a-fx = ?-a-an-bo, h-an-h-Xxh-an-h-Xx = hw-u¸-

]-an-bo, \o-u_n-[-X\o-u_n-[-X = uI-å-tIn³-eo°-

-A--A-±-X-a-\-\w--X-a-\-\w-

-~-1-Zo-\-¿o-tÂ-Æw ~-1-cn-^o-Æ-uS-Æw eo-uf-g-

In-d-]co-an-W-¿o-tÂ Ê-wn-Ðw (1.72) ² In-Wnw.-

-h-Xy--h-Xy-Æ-K-¿o-tÂ In-d-b-j-em-K-¿o-tÂ In-d-b-j-em

69. N-X|n-cyn-69. N-X|n-cyn-*x h-i-x h-i-în-Wo e-cmgn-Wnw n-Wo e-cmgn-Wnw

X-Xm X-Xm#-Xw -Xw Æ-K-am.--K-am.-

- X-hy bn-e-- X-hy bn-e-±-Xp- h--Xp- h-áyn h-yn h-áynw-f-ynw-f-L

X-Yn-eo-[x.. 69 (38)- X-Yn-eo-[x.. 69 (38)-

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:-:- X-Xm N-X|n-co h-i-X-Xm N-X|n-co h-i-în-Wo e-cmgn-Wnwn-Wo e-cmgn-Wnw

#-Xw -Xw Æ-Kw B--Kw B-*x x = B uZ-e-Zo-\w (67-nw u^n-I-¿o²

eo-e-co-Ño-co-%-Á Zo-\-cn-^-º³) \n-dn-bo-cw uZ-e

e±-gt¿ H-ç h-Xy-Æ-Kw F-è ]-l-Æ-è. X-hyX-hy

= Î h-Xy-Æ-K-¿o-tÂ, bn-e-Xm bn-e-Xm + f-Xo h- f-Xo h-áynyn

= A-Xn-b-Hm \n-Î-c-e±-g-¿o-tÂ h-h-áy-I³y-I³ =

B-Zy-t¿ \n-Î-c-e±-gw Xo-I-Æ-Á-Xo-Ìm h-áy-tb-

èw, A-e-hn-\-t¿ \n-Î-c-e±-g-¿o-Ì h-áynw

-f-ta-èw ]-l-Æ-è. G-tXn-ç Æ-K-¿o-Ìw, H-ç

Æ-Kw I-ko-¼m a-tÊn-ç Æ-Kw H-S-©-Á-H-e-tc-Æ-É

Ð±-e-háoIn-d-an-üm h-áy. Æ-K-¿o-tÂ A-Ðy-

õn-K-an-üm D-¿-c-h-áo-Ind-ta-Á h-áynw-fw.-

-A-A-±-X-a-\-\w--X-a-\-\w-

-N--N-H±-±-Æ-K K-W-\--K K-W-\-

-G-H Æ-K-¿o-tÂ-Æw Ð±-e-h-áo-In-d-t¿ h-áy

F-èw D-¿-c-h-áo-In-d-t¿ h-áynw-fw F-èw

]-l-b-tÃ-â-è. u^n-I-a-Ì-h-co-Ñm h-Xy-Æ-K-¿o-tÂ

In-d-5-an-Ww 4000+400 = h-áyn-e±-gw + 400

h-áynw-f e±-gw = 4800 uZ-e-e±-gw. C-Xo-t\

a-Ì-gy-e±-g-an-Ðo an-e-Á-Xo-Ìm 360 tIn-1 Y-Wo-

Ñn² a-Xo-bn-!w. C-5-In-cw 4800 x 360 = 1728000.

Î hw-Jy-bn-üm a-Ì-gy-e±-g-¿o-td H-ç h-Xy-

Æ-K-¿o-tÂ In-dw.-

-u-u^-Xn, Z|n-]-c, X-Yn I-do--Xn, Z|n-]-c, X-Yn I-do-Æ-K -K In-d-]coanWwIn-d-]coanWw

70. C-X-uc-70. C-X-uc-ih h-uh h-uáy-y-ih h-h h-áynw-uf-ynw-uf-i


N - N -ô-o-i. i. -G-In-]n-ub-\ e-cm¿-u-G-In-]n-ub-\ e-cm¿-uÐ

h-i- h-i-în-Wo f-Xn-\o N. 70 (39)-n-Wo f-Xn-\o N. 70 (39)-

-A±-Yw:---A±-Yw:--- N N = ¹-Sn-tX, C-X-uc-C-X-uc-i-ô-o-i = a-e °-è u^-

Xn, Z|n-]-c, I-do-Æ-K-º-jo², h-h-uh-h-uáy-y-i h-h- h-h-

áynw-uf-ynw-uf-i = h-áyn-In-d-¿o-êw, h-áynw-f-In-

d-¿o-êw, h-i-h-i-în-Wo N f-Xn-Xo G-I A-]n-ub-n-Wo N f-Xn-Xo G-I A-]n-ub-

\\ = ?-a-an-bo, -ucn B-bo-cw !-l-%uÄn³ Ae

uÆnucnÁotÂÆw Ind]coanWw Ioåè AXn

bHm 4800 Zoeye±gw hXyÆKw. AXo²\oèm

1000 + háy 400 + háynwfw 400 !lÍuÄn³

3000 uZ-ee±-gw + 300 h-áo-e±-gw + 300 h-h-áynwynw

f-e±-gw f-e±-gw = 3600 uZ-e-e±-g-¿o-td u^-Xn-Æ-K-an

-!-è. C-º-t\ 2000 + 200 + 200 = 2400 uZ-e- e±-g

-¿o-td Z|n-]-c-Æ-K-=w, A-H-u]n-td 1000 + 200 +

200 = 1200 uZ-e-e±-g-¿o-td I-do-Æ-K-=w B-!-è.-

uZ-e-uZ-e-Æ-K-¿o-tÂ In-d-K-W-\--K-¿o-tÂ In-d-K-W-\-

71. b-uZ-X-Xm]-co-hw-Jyn-X-an-Zn-ue-e N-71. b-uZ-X-Xm]-co-hw-Jyn-X-an-Zn-ue-e N-H-cz-Kw.--cz-Kw.-

- G-X-Zm Z|n-Z-f-hn-i-- G-X-Zm Z|n-Z-f-hn-i-îw uZ-en-\nw w uZ-en-\nw

Æ-K--K-®-Ny-uX.. 71 (40)--Ny-uX.. 71 (40)-

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:- :- b-Xm b-Xm + G-X-Xm G-X-Xm = G-Xn-uWn C-Xm, BZvBZv

= B-Zyw, ®-Äm (69,70 u^nI¿o² ) N- N-H-cm -cm Æ-K-am-K-am =

\n-ê-Æ-K-º-uj-Æw, ]-co-hw-Jyn-Xw]-co-hw-Jyn-Xw = In-d-5-an-W-

è-]-¿o² F-B-tÃ-â-è, G-X-Zm G-X-Zm = C-Xm, Z|n-Z-f-h-n Z|n-Z-f-h-n

i-i-îww = B-bo-c-¿o C-ç-Î-lm uZ-e-e±-g Indw,

a-a-Ì-ugynw-ugynw = a-Ìgy-ç-tS H-ç N-H±-Æ-K-In-dw, uZ-uZ-

en-\nwen-\nw = uZ-e-în-ç-tS, Æ-Kw-Kw = H-ç Æ-Kw, D-Ny-uXD-Ny-uX

= ]-l-b-tÃ-â-è.-

-A--A-±-X-a-\-\w--X-a-\-\w-

-N-N-H±-±-Æ-K-º--K-º-;-tS In-d-b-j-eo-tÂ -tS In-d-b-j-eo-tÂ

Xn-c-X-ay ]-½o-I-Xn-c-X-ay ]-½o-I-

12000 uZ-e-e±-gw H-ç N-H±-Æ-K-an-!-è. A-Hm a-Ì-

gy-e±-g-an-Ðo an-e-Á-Xo-Ìm 360 tIn-1 Y-Wo-%-

uÄn³ 12000 x 360 = 4320000 a-Ì-gy-e±-g-¿o-td

H-ç N-H±-Æ-K-an-!-è. c-1 u^n-I-º-;-tS-Æw In-d-

5-an-Ww ]-½o-I-bn-bo F-?-Xnw.

-uZ-e- h--uZ-e- h-áyn- h-yn- h-áynw-f uZ-e-e±-g-º³ynw-f uZ-e-e±-g-º³ a-a-Ì-gy -gy Æ-K- -K-

e±-gw e±-gw -e±-gw e±-gw e±-gw -e±-gw Y-Wo--Wo-%-uÄn³- e±-gw \n-aw--uÄn³- e±-gw \n-aw-

4000 4000 + + 400 400 + + 400 400 = = 4800 4800 x x 360 360 = = 1728000 h-Xy1728000 h-Xy

-3000 -3000 + + 300 300 + + 300 300 = = 3600 3600 x x 360 360 = = 1296000 u1296000 u^-Xn---Xn--

2000 2000 + + 200 200 + + 200 200 = = 2400 2400 x x 360 360 = = 864000 Z|n-]-c864000 Z|n-]-c

1000 1000 + + 100 100 + + 100 100 = = 1200 1200 x x 360 360 = = 432000 I-do-432000 I-do-

10000 10000 + + 1000 1000 + + 1000 1000 = = 12000 12000 x x 360 360 = = 4320000 1 N-4320000 1 N-H± ±

Æ-Kw-Kw

--~n-n-1-Zo-\-cn--Zo-\-cn-^-º--º-;-tS In-d--tS In-d-5-an-Ww--an-Ww-

72. ttZ-eo-In-\nw 72. ttZ-eo-In-\nw Æ-Kn-\nw -Kn-\nw H h-i- h-i-îw w

]-co-hw-Jy-bn.- ]-co-hw-Jy-bn.-

- - ~n-n-1-ua-I-a-i-cmu-ua-I-a-i-cmuÇ-bw Xn-e-Xpw -bw Xn-e-Xpw

cn- cn-ô-ua-e- N. 72 (41)-o-ua-e- N. 72 (41)-

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:- :- ttZ-eo-In-\nw ttZ-eo-In-\nw Æ-Kn-\n-am -Kn-\n-am H = uZ-e-Æ-K-º-

;-tS, h-i-h-i-îw -]-co-hw-Jy-bnw -]-co-hw-Jy-bn = B-bo-c-¿o²-

\o-èm Y-Wo-%-uÄn³ Io-å-Á In-d-5-an-Ww G-Xn-

uWn A-H-u]n-td \n-ê-an-Ì-g-Æ-K-º-;-tS uZ-e-e±-

gw 12000 B-!-Á-Hm A-H-u]n-td A-Xo-t\ B-bo-cw

tIn-1 Y-Wo-%-uÄn³ 12000000 uZ-e-e±-gw

(~n-1w) ]-c-an-Zn-eo-tÂ G-Im A-iwG-Im A-iw = H-ç Zo-e-hw,

N N = ¹-Sn-tX, Xn-e-Xp-cn-Xn-e-Xp-cn-ô-amo-am = A-^-Æw X-tÁ uZ-e-

e±-g-º-;-tS H-ç cn-ô uÇ-bw-bw = F-Á-lo-Æ-I-

-A--A-±-X-a-\-\w--X-a-\-\w-

4 an-4 an-Ì-g -g Æ-K-º--K-º-;-tS uZ-e-e±-gw--tS uZ-e-e±-gw-

12000 x 1000 = 1,20,00,000 uZ-e e±-g-º-jn-üm ~-1-

¿o-tÂ H-ç Zo-e-hw A-Y-en cn-ô-bn-!-Á-Hm. C-Hm

1,20,00,000 x 360 = 4320000000 an-Ì-g-e±-g-In-d-5-

an-Ww B-!-è. \n-Î-Êo ®-Ã-¿o c-1 uIn-So an-

Ì-g-e±-g-an-üm ½-wz-]-¿o-In-dw, A-Xn-b-Hm

]-c-an-Zn-eo-tÂ Pn-r-Xn-e-Ù (½-wo c-N-\-bo²

®-?-Io-bo-co-%-Á h-a-bw) Zo-e-h-an-üm (]-I-êw)

C-^-Æw In-dw æ-i-Ño A-e-Ù (½-wo In-cy-º-

jo² \o-èm \o-?-¿-\n-bo 5-j-bn-e-Ù-bo² ®-?-

!-Á h-a-bw) cn-ô-In-d-=-an-!-è. (1.52-57) e-tc

u^n-I-º-jo² C-Ðn-cy-º³ B-d-¹n-co-I-è-]-

¿o² e±-Wo-Ño-co-%-è.-

73. X-ttZ| 73. X-ttZ| Æ-K-h-i--K-h-i-în-n-Ðw w ~n-n-1w w

!-Wy-a-i-cmeo--Wy-a-i-cmeo-Èx.-x.-

- cn-- cn-ô-w N -Xn-e-Xp-ua-eo-w N -Xn-e-Xp-ua-e-

-uX A-uin-cn- -uX A-uin-cn-^-eo-uZn P-\nx 73 (42)--eo-uZn P-\nx 73 (42)-

-A±-YwA±-Yw:- :- uPn udn-Km uPn udn-Km = B-cn-uWn (X-Xm X-Xm Æ-K-h-i--K-h-i-

în-n-Ðw w ~n-n-1-!-Wyw -Wyw + A-ix A-ix = B B-bo-cw uZ-e

-Æ-K-º³ ]-c-an-Zn-eo-tÂ ]-eo-^-an-b Zo-e-h-º-

tjÁloÆÁHm. NN = ¹-Sn-tX, Xn-e-Xp-am G-e cn-Xn-e-Xp-am G-e cn-ô-amo-am

= A-^-Æw Æ-K-º³ ]-c-an-Zn-eo-tÂ cn-ô-bn-tW-

èm, eo-eo-È= I-ç-H-è, uX tteuX tte = A-Hw, A-uin-cn-A-uin-cn-

^-eo-Zx P-\x-eo-Zx P-\x =en-Ò-e-¿o², ]-I-]-I-êw w - cn- cn-ô-o-Æww =

½-wo D-+-¿o-Æ-tS-Æw 5-j-b-¿o-tÂ-Æw, In-dw

eo-Çn-\-ue¿n-Ð-jn-b !-Wyn-Zn-Ð-;-uS-Xnüm.

- (H-S--S-çw)w)

‘hc--m--e-‘hc--m--e-Çn-\-a-ubn-io hx’ n-\-a-ubn-io hx’

ue-Zw h-a-Òeo-Zy-I-;-tS-Æw õ-7n-cw


]o.tI. Pb°

H-ça-Ì-gy-tÂ °-Án-a-t¿I-S-a h-°-i-¿o²

5n-bw tN-Á-e-tc-Æw an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð-în-uc-Æw,

]o-Xn-a-i-în-uc-Æw, _-*-an-\o-Ð-dn-Wm. C-Xm h-°-

i-a-cyn-Z-tb ]-co-]n-do-%-Á-Xo-tÂ õn-K-an-Wm.

\-½-tS e-j±-Ñ-Æm ]o-Áo² A-±-\-Å-an-ç-tS Xyn-K-

®-¾m. Pp-eo-X-hn-bn-ê-¿o² A-e±-Ðm æ-J-an-bo

Pp-eo-%-en° ue-¾ In-cy-º³ \-½-tS I-ko-eo-\-

Ì-h-co-Ñm H-ç-%-Á-Xn-Wm ]o-J-b-Çw. Pp-eo-Ño-co-

%-Á an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð-în-tc ue-¾o-eo-[-¿o²

hw-c-¸o-Ðn-tX A-e-ç-tS a-c-Wn-\-Ð-cw e-j-tc

Kw-õp-c-an-bo !-d-!-jo-Æw ]-Xo-\n-l-So-b-Ðo-c-º-;w

\-S-K-Á-Xm C-Ám \-½-tS \n-½o²-h±e-hn-[n-c-

W-an-Wm. C-Xm tte-Zo-I-an-b ]o-J-b-Ç-¿o²

D³-tÃ-â-Á I±-a-º-j-È. ]o-J-b-Ç-º³ c-1-eo-

[-¿o-dn-Wm \-½-tS \n-½o² B-N-co-®-In-ü-Á-Xm.

Pp-eo-Ño-co-%-Á ]o-J-Ð-tj [-ªn-Ð±-ew ]-co-N-co-

%-Á-Xm tte-Zo-I-an±K-=w, a®-a-l-à-u]n-b

]o-Xn-a-i°, 5-]o-Xn-a-i° F-Áo-º-t\ h|-Ðw

P-î-¿o-Ì In-c-W-Ðn-cn-b !-d-Ð±-eo-I-tc A-Ì-

ê-co-Ñm A-Ì-~o-%-Á X±-Ã-W-an-Wm ]v-cn-Wo-I-

an-b ]o-J-b-Çw. C-Xo² G-Xn-Wm Æ-2o-õ-¼-an-b

A-Ì-~n-\w F-Á uNn-Zy-¿o-\m H-ç D-¿-c-ua-Æ->.

Æ-2o-Æw ey-ne-hn-bo-I-e-ªo-Æw tIn-¾m ]o-J-

b-Ç-t¿ eo-d-bo-ç-¿n° ]n-So-È. c-¾n-bn-êw

Æ-2o-õ-¼-a-È. e-j-tc 5n-b-an-b õv-Xo-I-an-bo \-®-

%w, !-âw-_-¿o-Ìw bn-tXn-ç u\-½-=w X-ç-en°

tI-+o-Èn-¿ ?-ª-cn-b an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð-tj ]-co-]n-do-

Ño-t½-Ñ In-cyw? A-e-tc-Ènw 5-#-Xo-Æ-tS A-ko-

eo-Èn-¿ \o-b-a-º-jo²-tÃ-½m ?-ª-cn-b-e-cn-Wm.

F-tÐn-tÐ tN-Òn-êw ?-ªn-e-Ù-bo²-\o-Ám A-e-

tc uan-No-Ão-%-en° hn-ªy-a-È. C-\o \-½-tS ]-co-

N-c-W-¿o-tÂ ua-î-tIn-¾m !-l-®-In-dw ¹-So Pp-eo-

Ño-ç-Án² X-tÁ h-°-i-¿o-t\-Ðn-Wm A-e-tc-

tIn-1-É u\-½w. A-Xo-\n² I-ko-e-Hw u\-c-t¿

a-co-tÑn-ko-Æ-Á-Xn-Wm \-È-tX-Ám No-Ðo-%-Á ey-e-

hn-bo-I e-ªo-tb \-®-Ðm \o-ug-[o-® X-=-en°

]-e-uan? Pp-eo-Ño-co-%-Á ]o-J-Ð-tj [-ªn-Ð±-Fw

]-co-N-co-Ð-W-ta-Á tte-Zo-I-eo-[o-tÐ-Xo-tc No-d±

D-Á-bo-%-Á X±-Ð-e-ªo-bn-Wm ®-I-jo² ]-l-

¼-Xm.- -

-a-co-®-u]n-b ]o-J-Ð³-Ðn-bo A-Ì-~o-%-Á

]o-J-b-Ç-t¿-Æw X±-Ð-e-ªo-ubn-tS F-Xo±-%-

Á-e± [n-cn-j-®-¾m. a-c-Wn-\-Ð-cw A-Ì-~o-%-Á

I±-a-º³-tÐn-èw tte-Zo-I-an-b ]o°-_-d-ao-

tÈ-è an-^-a-È tti-À-e± !-\±-P-î-º-jo² eo-f|-

ho-%-Á-e-ç-an-Wm. a-c-W-ta-Á 5-Xo-õn-hw F-tÐ-

Á-lo-b-W-ta-¹o² B-Zyw a-c-W-t¿ #-Xy-an-bo

eo-f-I-d-\w tN-Ç-Ww. ®-Mm -Mm 5n-W-Xyn-uK n-W-Xyn-uK F-Á

[n-H-eo²-\o-Án-Wm a-c-W-ta-Á ]-Z-¿o-tÂ \o-¦-

¿o. f-cp-c-¿o² \o-Ám 5n-W-t\ Xy-Po-%-Á-Xn-

Wm a-c-Ww. f-cp-cw ]-Õ-a-in-¨-X-º-jn² \o±-ao-

X-an-Wm. A-Xm Pp±-Bn-e-Ù-tb 5n-]o-%-uÄn³

A-Xo-tÂ D-S-a-Ù-\n-b B-Zn-em 5n-W-t\ f-cp-

c-¿o² \o-èw Xy-Po-%-Á-Xn-Wm a-c-Ww. f-cp-cw

eo-½ B-Zn-em u5-Xy-õn-ew ttI-tIn-=-è. \yn-b-

Z±-f-\-5-In-cw u\n-Ðo-bn² !-\± P-\o-%-Á-Xo-

t\-bn-Wm u5-Xy-õn-ex -Xy-õn-ex F-è ]-l-Æ-Á-Xm.- -

!-\--\-ç-Xm]-¿o u-Xm]-¿o u5-Xy-õn-ex -Xy-õn-ex Pp-e° ®-go-¼

e-Öw an-lo ufn-õ-Æ-É !-H-e-Öw A-Wo-Æ-Á-H-

u]n-ê-É H-ç 5-?o-b-bn-Wo-Xm. C-Xo-\m F-^

h-a-bw ue-¾o e-ç-ta-Ám B±-%w \o-L-b-ao-È.

I-ko-e-Hw u\-c-t¿ hw-õ-eo-%-è.- -

X-Zy-Yx X-Zy-Yx J-W-P-dn--W-P-dn-Æ-Ix -Ix J-W-hyn--W-hyn-Ðw K-Xyn.... w K-Xyn....

F-Á 5-an-Ww e-® u\n-Ðo-bn² !²-Ó-? H-co-d-

Æ-tS H-Äo² \o-Ám A-â-¿-bo-d-bo² I-b-c-Á-Hw

B-Zy-t¿ C-d eo-â-Á-Hw F-5-In-c-an-uWn A-5-

In-cw X-tÁ-bn-Wm B-Zn-eo-tÂ !-\±-P-î-?-aw.

C-tX-Èn-an-Wm h-Xy-ta-¹o² !-\±-P-\o-®-u]n-!-Á

B-Zn-eo-Ì-ue-¾o ]o-J-b-Çw A-Ì-~o-uÐ-¾-H-

u¾n F-Á uNn-Zy-=w 5-h-2-an-Wm. \-Å-tj-Ènw

C-H-u]n-td !-\±-P-\o-Ñ-e-cn-Wm. I-ko-¼ P-î-¿o-

td \-½-tS a-Ð-;w tIn-®-a-Ð-;w Cv ¨-ao-bo²

(HS±Ñ)S±Ñ)


C-uÃn-?w Pp-eo-Ño-co-%-è-¾n-Inw. A-e± fo-e-

cn-ô \n-jo² \-®-Ðn-bo A±-Ão-%-Á _-do-I±-

Å-º-jo² \o-Ám A-uÁ-Zo-e-hw A-õv-Xo-I-an-b

F-tÐ-¹o-êw f-2o-eo-uf-gw \-½-tS f-cp-c-¿o-

u\n B-Zn-eo-u\n d-õo-%-Á-Xn-bo A-Ì-õ-e-tÃ-

½o-å-u¾n? C-tÈ-Án-Wm D-¿-c-ta-¹o² a®-a-l-à-

u]n-b ]o-J-I³-Ðn-bo \nw A±-Ão-%-Á X±-Ã-W-

º³-tÐn-èw Æ-2o õ-¼-X-bo-tÈ-è-ue-Ww I-ç-

Xn°. \-®-Ðm Cv P-î-¿o² B-ç-tS-Æw _-do-e-Ó

Io-½o-bo-½o-È A-Xo-\n² \n-Xo No-uc-W eo-uf-gn-Xm\n-Xo No-uc-W eo-uf-gn-Xm

F-Á ue-Zn-Ð ¼-^-5-In-cw ue-Z-eyn-h° ]-l-Æ-

Á-Xn-Wm f-co.- -]o-J-b-Ç-º³ Æ-2o-tIn-¾-È

[-ª-tIn-¾n-Wm \nw A-Ì-~o-uÐ-¾-Xm. F-Èn

b-Ç-º-;w [-ª-Æ-tS ]-cyn-b-º-jn-Wm.- -

[-ª-bn A--bn A-lox h-ao-[y-uX - -ox h-ao-[y-uX - -

[-ª-bn--bn-+-b-uX i-eo -b-uX i-eo

[-ª-bn² b-Çn-Zo-I³ \-S-%-è F-Ám E-uK|-

Z-¿o-êw In-Wnw. ey-e-hn-bo-I e-ªo-tIn-1w

Æ-2o-tIn-1w eo-No-Ð-\w tN-uÇ-¾ I±-Å-a-È

]o-J-b-Çw. [-ª-bo² A-[o-~o-X-an-b-H-tIn-¾n-

Wm ]o-J-b-Ç-¿o-\m [n-ªw F-è u]-ç-d-õo-

Ñ-Xm. C-Xm a-Ì-gy-tÂ a-Òo-l-¿o-d-È ,-Z-b-¿o-dn-

Wm 5-Xo-~o-Ño-co-%-Á-Xm. G-Xo-dn-Wm [-ª 5-Xo-

~o-Ño-co-%-Á-Xm F-Á fn-I-dy-tÂ uNn-Zy-¿o-\m

D-¿-c-an-bo ,-Z-b-¿o² F-Ám b-Ç-eíy°

g-i-Zn-c-Wy-uIn-]-\o-g-¿o² ]-l-Æ-è-¾m. A-lo-

eo-t\-Æw B-H-c-I-]-g-ub-Æw ú-g-uWn-]n-Zo-bn-

bo e-j±-¿o-tb-â-%-Á B-¿-\o-I h-°-i-¿o-\m

]o-J-b-Ç-¿o² ]-Xo-ub-¾ [-ª-tb Xo-co-Ñ-lo-

bn° I-ko-à F-è-e-ç-I-bo-È.- -

-Pp-eo-X-hn-bn-ê-¿o² eo-[-a Pp-eo-Xw

\-bo-uÐ-¾ an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð-în± A-e-ç-tS Pp-eo-

X-hv-I-cy-º³-Ðn-bo 5n-bw-!-l-¼ a-Ð-tj

B-[-bo-Ðn-tX X-c-ao-È. Pp-eo-Ño-co-%-Á A-e-

ç-tS B-r-i-º³ b-Yn-f-2o \nw hn-[o-®-tIn-

â-%-I-Æw ue-Ww. A-\n-ucn-Ky-=w ucn-K-r-Ò-ç-

an-b an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð-în± a-e-É-e-ç-tS In-ç-Wy-=w

In-¿m eo-g-ao-Ñm ue-Z-\-Æw h-io-Ñm Pp-eo-%-Á-Xn-

Wm b-Yn±-Q \-c-Iw. A-ºo-t\-Æ-É \-c-I-¿o²-

\o-Ám A-e-tc c-¸o-Ðn° [-ª-ubn-tS an-Xn-

]o-Xn-Ð-tj ]-co-N-co-%-Á !-^-în± ue-Ww. PpeoX

an!Á Cv \-c-I-¿o²-\o-èw ^n-W-\w tN-å-

en° h-in-bo-%-Á-e° F-Án-Wm !-^° F-Á

]-Z-¿o-tÂ A±-Qw. an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð³-Ðm D-No-X-

an-b uh-e-\ h-XmIn-c-º³ tN-Ç-W-ta-Ám C-jw-

X-d-®-l-I-tj u_n-ªy-tÃ-â-¿-Ww. A-e± \-tÅ

_n-dy-Iv-an-c-¿o² e-j±-¿o eo-Zyn-Zn-\w tN-Ò-

e-cn-Wm. A-e-tc h-XmIn-c uh-en-Zo-I-jn² J-Ñ-cn-

uÐ-¾-Xm an-\-e-cn-fo-Æ-tS I±-¿-ey-an-Wm.- -

-a-co-® a®-a-l-à-u]n-b Ð±-e-o-I-ç-tS B-Zn-

Ð-tj !w A-Y-en w A-Y-en !-Xm -Xm F-è u]-ç-É \-c-I

-¿o² \o-èw ^n-W-\w tN-å-Á-H-tIn-¾n-Wm

!-^-t\-Á u]-ç d-õo-Ñ-tX-Á-u^ ]v-cn-Wo-I

a-Xw. C-H-°-dw \-c-I-¿o² \o-èw c-¸-u\-Sn°

B-r-io-%-Á-e±-Ðm H-ç !-^° ¹-So-ub Xp-ç

F-Á No-Ðn-K-Xo 5-_-d-an-bo. !-âw-_-¿o² Cv

]o-J-b-Çw A-Ì-~o-%-en° H-ç !-ç-g-5-P

uf-go-Ðn-tX e-Án² ®°-X-d-®-l-I-jo²-tÃ-½-e-ç-

tS-tb-Ènw B-Zn-eo-\m ]-c-K-Xo-bo-Èn-tX-bn-bo-

uÃn-!-ta-Á eo-f|n-hw è-V-°-d-an-bo. C-H-°-dw

h-°-i-¿o² !-^-în-ç-tS a-io-a e±-ªo-%-I-Æw

!-ô-an-ç-tS Ùn-\w C-I-M-tÃ-â-I-Æw tN-Ó. à±-fo-

Ð-tÃ-uS-¾-e-bo² G-Ê-=w D²-#-ww !-^-an-tW-

Á-u^ A-e-ç-tS a-Xw.- -

! u u^n-n-àcmf-e-Xnw-e-cxcmf-e-Xnw-e-cx X-tÁ-Æw X-tÂ

!-âw-_-¿o-td Ð±-Fo-I-uc-Æw \-c-I-¿o²-\o-èw

I-c-I-b-e-en° H-ç !-^-t\ d-õo-%-Á-Xo-Ì-ue-¾o

an-^-an-Wm eo-en-iw F-Á eo-f|n-h-=w 5-N-co-®.

c-Xo c-Xo !-^-^-dn- Zn-cnx-^-dn- Zn-cnx !-^-Ì-ue-¾o-Æ-É c-Xo-Ðn-

Wm õn-cy-tb h|p-I-co-%-Á-Xm.- -

-tte-Zo-I-ho-ªn-Ð-5-In-cw ]o-J-b-Çw Pp-eo-

Ño-co-%-Á an-Xn-]o-Xn-Ð-în-ç-tS u¸-a-=w tF-f|-

cy-=-an-Wm. A-Xo-\n² ue-Z-In-d-¿m !-^-Ìw !-ô-

Æw X-Åo² bn-tXn-ç-eo-[ eo-ue-N-\-=w D-¾n-bo-

ç-Áo-È. !-^-\m u[-~-Ùn-\-=w !-ô-Ðm ip-\-X-

Æw I-+o-®-\²-Io-bo-ç-Áo-È F-Á-Xn-Wm h-Xyw.

F-Án² ue-Z-º³-%-uf-gw B-eo±-õ-eo-Ñ [v-X-

b-Ç-º-jo² !-ô-Ðm ip-\-X I-+o-%-Á B-fp±-

e-N-\-5-ubn-K-º³ [n-cn-jw I-S-è-¹-So-bo-å-É-Xn-

bo In-Wnw. 5-bn-P F-è-u]-ç-É bn-K-¿o-

tÂ 5-Y-a 5-bn-P-\-¿o-Ì-uf-gw \²-!-Á B-fo±-

en-Z-¿o² G-uIn a-a G-In X-hy ubn G-uIn a-a G-In X-hy ubn fên° uZ|-n° uZ|-

wo-bnw N- e-bw Z|o-o-bnw N- e-bw Z|o-³x- x- -F-\o-Ðm !-^-Ì-¾n-I-t½.

Rn° te-c-%-Á F-tÁ uZ|-go-%-Á-e-\m !-ô-Æ-

¾n-I-t½.- -

-Öp-I³-Ðm tte-Zo-I-In-d-¿m D-¾n-bo-ç-Á

D-ZmK-Xo ]v-cn-Wo-I In-d-¿m \-w-tÃ-å F-è an-

^-a-È A-[x-]-X-\w Ð±-B-an-!-I-Æw tN-Ó. J-Z-

în±-%w Öp-I³-%w ue-Zn--[o-In-c-uan fn-Ön-Zo

]-T-\-º³-%-É A±-i-X-ubn C-tÈ-è-É hn-°-

io-I ey-e-Ù-I³-u]n-êw \o-d-eo²-e-è. A-H-

e-ko Öp-I³-Ðm bn-Kw \-S-K-en° õ±-¿n-eo-


u\n-tSn-Áo-Ñ-Èn-tX A-[o-In-c-ao-tÈ-Ám e-è-¹-So.

F-Án² tte-Zo-I-In-d-t¿ I-Y a-lo-Ñn-bo-ç-è.

A-]n-d F-tÁn-ç Öp-Æ-tS I-Y-an-^w ]-co-ufn-[o-

Ñn² \-®-Ðo-Xm a-\-ôo-dn-Ðnw. !-~-ucn-Kw \o-ao-

¿w õ±-¿n-eo-\n² D-u]-¸o-Ð-tÃ-½ A-]n-d

uhn-a tIn-¾m C-Þ-t\ b-Po-Ñm C-Þ-5-hn-Z-¿n²

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]oÑSçuÄn?w DlÑ \od]nâIjo² [±at¿ 5Xo

ROMAIN Rolland says:“Indian religious thought raised a purely Indian Samaj, and at its head was a personality of the highest order, Dayanand Saraswati. This man with the nature

of a lion is one of those whom Europe is too apt to forget when she judges India. He was that rare combination, a thinker of action with a genius for leadership.”“He was a hero of the Iliad or of the Gita with the athletic strength of a Hercules, who thundered against all forms of thought other than his own, the only true one. He was so successful that in five years Northern India was completely changed”.

Sri. Aurobindo says:“Among the great company of remarkable figures that will appear to the eye of posterity at the head of the Indian Renaissance, one stands out by himself

with peculiar and solitary distinctness, one unique in his type as he is unique in his work. It is as if one were to walk for a long time amid a range of hills rising to a greater or lesser altitude, but all with sweeping contours, green-clad, flattering the eye even in their most bold and striking elevation. But amidst them all, one hill stands apart, piled up in sheer strength, a mass of bare and puissant granite, with verdure on its summit, a solitary pine jutting out into the blue, a great cascade of pure, vigorous and fertilizing water gushing out from its strength as a very fountain of life and health to the valley. Such is the impression created on my mind by Dayanand.“Here was a very soldier of Light, a Warrior in God’s world, a Sculptor of men and institutions, a bold and rugged victor of the difficulties which matter


+…π…«x……n˘®…¬˘ 480 29 29

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presents to spirit. And the whole sums itself up to me in a powerful impression of Spiritual practicality.”“It was Kathiawar that gave birth to this puissant renovator and new creator. And something of the very soul and temperament of that peculiar land entered into his spirit, something of Girnar and the rocks and hills, something of the voice and puissance of the sea that flings itself upon those coasts, something of that humanity which seems to be made of the virgin and unspoilt stuff of Nature, fair and robust in body, instinct with a fresh and primal vigour, crude but in a developed nature capable of becoming a great force of genial creation.“He was not only plastic to the great hand of Nature but asserted his own right and power to use Life and Nature as plastic material. We can imagine his soul crying still to us with our insufficient spring of manhood and action, “Be not content, O Indian, only to be indefinite and grow vaguely, but see what God intends thee to be, determine in the light of His inspiration to what thou shalt grow. Seeing, hew that out of thyself, hew that out of Life. Be a thinker, but be also a doer; be a soul, but be also a man; be a servant of God, but be also a master of Nature”. For this was what he himself was; a man with God in his soul, vision in his eyes and power in his hands to hew out of life an image according to his vision. How is the right word. Granite himself, he smote out a shape of things with great blows as in granite”.

‘‘This man with the nature of a lion is one of those whom Europe is too apt to forget when she judges India.’’

“The sole aim of my life, which I have always endeavoured to achieve is to help to put an end to this mutual wrangling, to preach universal truths, bring all men into the fold of one culture whereby they may cease to hate each other and, instead, may firmly weal. May this doctrine, through the grace and help of God, and with the support of all truthful, honest and learned people, who are devoted to the cause of humanity, reach every nook and corner of this earth, so that all may acquire righteousness and wealth, gratify legitimate desires, elevate themselves and live in happiness and attain salvation. This alone is the chief object of my life.“ Swami Dayanandasaraswathi


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½wo]canb Ï±ÃantWèm FÈn Ego

I;w ]l¼XotÂ t]nç³; B¿\oI õvXpI

fnÖw Ge]lÆÁHm haIndp õvXpIfnÖr×ºjo² Z±foÐntaÁHm õncXpb 5nNp\

Z±f\w; fnÖ¿otÂ 5ns]anüm FÁ

hXy¿oud%m eoc² ú1è.

Ego Xu]n\o~anb PpeoX¿oëtS Beo

pcoÑ hXyº³ IndL½ºjoëtS ISèm

u]n!uÄn³ hXyanbo eçÁHm hZn \®%m

InWnln!è. hXyZ±f\w EgoPpeoX¿otÂ

d¸yantWèm õncXpbcnb \nw a\ôodnuÐ

¾Xn!è. (H-S--S-çw)w)

~-1-udn-I-am ~-1-N-ucy-W A-Ì-eo-À-Xo ~-1-udn-I-t¿ ~-1-N-cy-¿n² u\-So-tb-â-%-Á-XnWm


ugnUfhwugnUfhw¾ncwncw


-hw-hw-¾n-cw F-n-cw F-Ðm? F-m? F-Ðo-o-Ìm? F-º-t\?m? F-º-t\?

hnan\yhnan\y5IcWw (IcWw (HS±Ñ) S±Ñ)

A-Y- fn-A-Y- fn-Ðo-I-c-Ww-o-I-c-Ww--b-Ç-¿o² hw-_-áo-Ño-å-É F-Èn h-Ã-\-

º-;w eo-f|-fn-Ðo-%-ue-¾o 5n±-Yo-%Á \È

Xnüm.-

1. a-1. a-Ôww-

¨nw fw- \ C-¨nw fw- \ C-Þn-n-lp-õ-e-Xn-a-uen-õox fw- \-p-õ-e-Xn-a-uen-õox fw- \-

-C--C-Þn e-n e-ç-Wn- cnXi-eyn.--Wn- cnXi-eyn.-

-f-ao--f-ao-Þn-uhn-an n-uhn-an æ-eo-Xn-b fw- ubnx--eo-Xn-b fw- ubnx-

-fw -\ C--fw -\ C-Þn-n-Ð-g-Wn en-P-hn-Xv.. -g-Wn en-P-hn-Xv..

(E-uK|-Zw. 7. 35. 1)-

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:-:- C- C-Þn-n-loo = eo-Zz-Kw A-lo-Æw, A-uen-A-uen-

õox õox = c- -nI±-a-º-;-tS hn-[-\ hn-a-ro-I-jn², fw- õfw- õ

-e-Xn-am -e-Xn-am = fn-Ðo-Zn-b-I-an-I-t½, cn-X-i-eyn cn-X-i-eyn = Pp-eo--

Xan-!-Á b-Ç-¿o-ê-]-ubn-Ko-uÐ-¾ A-ÁzXnZo-I³ X-ç-Á B³, X-cn° h-in-bo-%-Á

f-2o. C-C-Þn e-n e-ç-Wn-Wn = eo-Zz-Kw P-d-=w, \-®-Ðm,

fwfw = fn-Ðo-Zn-b-I-an-I-t½, fw-ubnfw-ubn = æ-J-=w fn-Ðo

-Æw B-r-io-%-Á P-\-º³.-

-(\o-ç-2w A-Ì-h-co-Ñm f-a-\w N ucn-Kn-Wnw f-a-\w N ucn-Kn-Wnw

bn-e-\w N õ-bn-\n-am. bn-e-\w N õ-bn-\n-am. (\o-ç. 4. 23) ]-Z-]n-T-¿o²

fw-ubn H-ç-]-Z-a-È. c-1 ]-Z-an-üm. fwfw= f-a-\-

ui-H, Iw Iw æ-J-am. ubnx -J-am. ubnx = eo-g-b-uõn-Kn-\o-ao-¿w eo-g-b-uõn-Kn-\o-ao-¿w

æ-J-ao-Xy-]o. -J-ao-Xy-]o. F-Án² fw In-a-b-an-\x C-Xo fw-fw In-a-b-an-\x C-Xo fw-Æx x

X-hy fw-ubnxX-hy fw-ubnx = fn-Ðo B-r-io-%-Á-e-tc F-Á

A±-Y-an-üm tIn-â-¿o-co-%-Á-Hm. E-go Z-bn-\-À°

hw-¾n-c-eo-[o-bo² e-e-À-Æxx F-Á ]-Zw C-º-t\

X-tÁ K-Wo-Ñm A±-Yw tIn-â-¿o-co-%-è.)-

-æ-eo-Xn-b-eo-Xn-b = ¦-f|-cyw A-Y-en h|-±-æ-À-c-

an-b Pp-eo-X-¿o-Ì-ue-¾o, C-C-Þn-uhn-ann-uhn-an = eo-Zz-

Kw uhn-a-c-hn-Zo ©-g-[p-c-hw, f-axf-ax= fn-Ðo-Zn-

b-I-an-bn-êw. (D-u¿-P-I-uan, D-Ëp-]-\-uan, a-uZn-

î-¿-X-ubn \-î-Á-X-È) A-Y-en fw-ubnx C-fw-ubnx C-Þn-n-

uhn-anuhn-an = ucn-K-\n-f-I-=w õ-b \o-?-¿o Zn-b-I-=-

an-b tte-Zz-Xo-Æw ©-g-[p-c-h-º-;w, ¦-f|-cy-

Ð±-W-an-b Pp-eo-X-¿o-Ì \o-Zn-\-an-!-Á, ucn-K-f-a-

\-¿o-Ìm D-]-I-co-%-Á-e-bn-I-t½, C-C-Þn-n-Ð-g-Wn-g-Wn =

eo-Zz-Kw en-Æ-=w, en-P-hn-Xven-P-hn-Xv = _-d-=w ep-cy-=w

e±-ªo-Ão-%-Á A-Án-Zo õ-¸y-e-Ó-Ð-;-tS D-+n-Z-\

hw-c-¸-W ]-ª-Xo-I-jo² h-in-b-I-an-I-t½.-

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw = C-Þ-h-io-X-\n-b A-lo, P-dw,

uhn-aw, en-Æ C-e-bo² \o-èm R-º³-%m fn-Ðo-

Æw h-an-[n-\-=w d-õo-Ð-t½. C-e-I³ In-c-Ww ucn-

K-uan D-]-¼-e-uan D-¾n-In-Xo-co-Ð-t½.-

-[F-eo-tS-¹o-êw a-Ô-¿o-tÂ G-tX-¹o-êw õn-K-

Km- -?o-bn-õn-Kw uN±-¿o-½o-tÈ-¹o² h-À±-õn-Ì-h-

c-Ww Æ-2-an-b cp-Xo-bo² A-eo-tS ?o-bn-õn-Kw

A-[yn-in-cw tN-uÇ-¾-Xn-üm.-]

2. a-2. a-Ôw-w-

-¨w fw u\n õ-Kx f--¨w fw u\n õ-Kx f-® \x fwuhn A- \x fwuhn A-Ó fw fw

\x \x !-c--c-áox f-ox f-® h- h-Ñ- cn-bx.-- cn-bx.-

-fw \x h-Xy-hy -fw \x h-Xy-hy æ-b-a-hy fw-hx fw- u\n -b-a-hy fw-hx fw- u\n

A-cy-an A-cy-an !-çPn-uXn A-Pn-uXn A-Ó.. ..

(E-uK|-Zw. 7. 35. 2)-

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:- :- õ-Kxõ-Kx =¦-f|-cyw, ¦-f|-cy-fn-do !-ç-

g°, \x\x = R-º³-%-ue-¾o, f-amf-am = fn-Ðo-Zn-b-I-

an-I-t½, fw-hxfw-hx = (uZ-e-în±, ]o-X-c±, E-go-®-\o-an±)

D-u]-Zf\o±-uË-f-º-tj, A-Y-en 5-f-Ò-cn-b D-]-

uZ-wn-Ð-jn-b B-Ñ-!-ç-g-în±, DD = Xp±-Ñ-bn-Æw,

\x f-am A-\x f-am A-Ó = R-º³-% aw-K-j-Zn-b-I-cn-I-t½,

!-c--c-áoxox = eo-fn-d-an-b hw-¾n-c-º-tj [n-c-Ww

tN-å-Á f-cp-c-Ù-an-b e-ªo, fw \xfw \x = fn-Ð-an-bo

Ùo-Xo tN-å-Á-Xn-I-Ww, e-ªo Ùo-c-=w tt[-cy-

Ð±-W-=-an-bo-co-Ð-Ww, cn-bxcn-bx = h|±-Wn-Zo [-\-cn-

fo-I-;w h-Ä-Zmh-±-ªo-Æw, D fw h-D fw h-Ñ = \o-L-

b-an-Æw fn-Ðo-Ð±-W-an-bo-co-Ð-Ww. a-\-ôo-tÂ

h|-Ù-X \-fo-Ão-%-Á-Xn-I-ç-Hm. h-Xy-hyh-Xy-hy æ-b--b-

a-hy fw-hxa-hy fw-hx = \o-b-an-[o-~o-X-an-b h-Xy-¿o-tÂ


D-]-uZ-fw, \x f-am \x f-am = fn-Ðo-5-Z-an-bo-co-Ð-t½. !-ç

Pn-Xx A-cy-anPn-Xx A-cy-an = h-a-Ò-P-\-º-;w !-I-N-Á h-a±-Y-

Ìw \yn-b-I-n-co-Æw Ip±-¿o-an-Ìw, \x fw A-\x fw A-Ó =

R-º³-%m æ-ey-e-Ù \-î-Á-Xn-I-t½.-

-R-º³ ep-cy-h-Ù-w-an-b 5-P-\-\-uf-go-

Æ-É-e-çw 5-fw-h-bo² A-i-¹-co-Ðn-¿-e-çw,

e-ªo h-¿n-bo-co-%-Á--eç-w, A-Xn-b-Hm A-i-

¹n-cw, A-õo-an-\w, K±-em C-e-É-So-a-tÃ-Sn-¿ h-Zm

e-ªo-Æ-É-e-çw fn-Ðo-Æw hv-Jy-=w \-î-Á [-\-

=w ¦-f|-cy-=w h-Än-Zo-%-Á-e-çw, [-\-¿o²

ª-ao-Ñm e-ªo-\n-fw hw-õ-eo-Ðn-Xo-co-%-Á-e-çw

B-bo-¿p-ç-en°-ue-¾ a-cyn-uZn-No-X-=w h-Xy-h-

á-=w [±-a-\o-~-=-an-b D-]-uZ-f-º³-X-èm, h-a-Ò-

P-\-º-;w 5-fw-ho-%-Á \p-Xo-an-Ìw h±-ue-f|-c-

Ì-an-b !-ç-g° R-º³-% h-Zn fn-Ðo-ub-I-t½.-

-a-tÊn-ç cp-Xo-bo-êw Î a-Ôw eyn-Jyn-\o-

Ðnw. õ-Kx õ-Kx = 5-P-\-\-uf-go... fw-hx fw-hx = Çn-\-eo-

Zyn... !-c--c-áox ox = f-cp-c-an-!-Á !-c-¿o-t\ I±-uan-ï-

J-an-%-Á, cn-bxcn-bx= h-Ñ-[n-H-Ð-;w, A-Xn-b-Hm c-h-

c-2-I-B (uc-X-ôm) è-]-¿o-ê-É f-cp-c-¿o-tÂ

eo-In-h-¿o-Ìw Ð±-W-X-Íw B-[n-c-an-b [n-H-f-

2otbÁ eBw h-an-P-¿o-tÂ D-Á-Xn-[o-In-c-

u[-Wo-bo-ê-É \yn-b-In-co-Æw h-Xy-[±-a-\o-~-Ì-

an-b õ-c-Wn-[o-In-co hw-b-ao-Æw R-º³-% fn-Ðo-

Æw h-an-[n-\-=w æ-Ùo-c-an-bo \-î-en° f-2o-Æ-

É-e-\n-bo-co-Ð-t½. h-Ä-Zm Zn-Xn-en-b Î-f|-c°

R-º³-% æ-Jw ]-I-c-t½.-

3. a-3. a-Ôw-w-

-¨w fw u\n [n-Xn f-¨w fw u\n [n-Xn f-® [-cmXn u\n A- [-cmXn u\n A-Ó

fw -\ D-fw -\ D-ç-Np- -õ-e--Np- -õ-e-H h|-[n-õox. h|-[n-õox.

fw ucn-Z-hp fw ucn-Z-hp g-i-Xp fw -u\n A--i-Xp fw -u\n A-¼ox-ox-

-fw -u\n uZ-en-\nw -fw -u\n uZ-en-\nw æ-i-en-\o h--i-en-\o h-Ñ.. ..

(E-uK|-Zw. 7. 35. 3)-

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:- :- 5-]-Õ-Pp-e-t\, [n-Xn[n-Xn = A-Ð±-\o-io-

X-an-bo [n-c-Ww tN-Óm hw-c-¸o-%-Á f-2o A-Y-

en u]n-g-I-e±-Kw, \x f-am \x f-am = R-º³-% fn-Ðo-

ub-I-t½, [-cmXn [-cmXn = _n-iy-an-bo [n-c-Ww tN-å-Á

f-2o A-Y-en X-¿|w, D-D-ç-Np-Np = A-Xo-f-b-I-c-an-b

cp-Xo-bo² ^-d-!-wo-Æw D-+n-Z-\-uf-go-Æ-É eo-Õ -X-=w A-Xo-eo-fn-d-=-an-b Î ¨-ao, h|-[n-õo h|-[n-õo =

A-Án-Zo-]-Zn±-Y-º-;-tS Zn-\-¿n², \x f-am õ-e-\x f-am õ-e-H =

R-º-tj hw-c-¸o-Ñm fn-Ðo-ub-I-t½. ua-Lua-L = P-d

-t¿ e±-go-Ñm, \x f-am\x f-am = R-º³-% fn-Ðo-ub-

I-t½, uZ-en-\nw uZ-en-\nw æ-i-en-\o -i-en-\o = Î 5-#-Xo-f-2o-I-

;-tS æ-À-c-I±-a-º³, A-Y-en eo-Z|n-în-ç-tS ,-Zy-

=w h-Xy-h-á-=-an-b D-]-uZ-f-º³ A-e-Æ-tS æ-J-

I-c-an-b A-en-i-\w, \x fw h- \x fw h-Ñ = C-e-tb-Ènw

R-º³-% -aw-K-j-=w fn-Ðo-Æ-ua-I-t½.-

-½-wo I±-¿n-en-b h±-e-eyn-]o-bn-b Î-f|-c

-\n² Î ¨-ao-Æw, B-In-f-=w, ]±-e-X-º-;w

]-eo-^-an-b D-]n-h-\-Æ-ta-Ènw R-º³-% \-î

]-I-c-t½. eo-fn-d-an-b B-In-f-¿o² ª-a-Ww

tN-å-Á e-æ-á-c A-Án-Zo-I-jn² R-º³-% h±-

ªo-ub-I-t½. F-Èn ¦-f|-cy-=w R-º³-% æ-Jw

X-ç-Á-Hw, Ó-Xo-Æw D-]n-h-\-Æw A-Xo-Ì-]-Æ-2-

an-!w-eo-[w aw-K-j-I-c-an-bo-¿p-c-t½.-

4. a-4. a-Ôw-w-

-¨w f-w u\n A-¨w f-w u\n A-lo-cmuPyn-Xo-c-\p-uIn o-cmuPyn-Xo-c-\p-uIn

A-A-Ó- fw- u\n- -ao-- fw- u\n- -ao-^n-e-n-e-ç-Wn-e-f|o-\n- fam. -Wn-e-f|o-\n- fam.

fw \x fw \x æ-#-Xnw -Xnw æ-#-Xn--\o h--Xn--\o h-Ñ fw \ fw \

C-go-uc A-õo- en-C-go-uc A-õo- en-H- en-Xx.. - en-Xx..

(E-uK|-Zw. 7. 35. 4)-

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:- :- uPyn-Xo-c-\p-Ix A-uPyn-Xo-c-\p-Ix A-lox ox = uX-P-h|o-Æw

5-In-f-h|-è-]-=-an-b Ï±-P-uîn-X-ôn-b A-lo,

ao-^-Ìw, e-ç-W-Ìw, A-f|o-\o-I-;w !-Wyn-Zn-Ð-

;-tS æ-#-X-º-;w ue-K-en-\n-b en-b-=w R-º³-

% æ-Jw \-í-t½. Çn-\-5-In-f-¿n² _-d-en-

în-cn-b eo-Z|n-în± uX-P-h|o-I-jn-b ¸-^o-b-ç-tS

h-in-b-¿n² cn-{-õ-c-Ww \-S-K-Á h-õn-]-Xo-I-

;w cn-Pn-=w R-º-tj fn-Ðo-Ð±-ew hw-c-¸o-Ð-t½.-

-ao--ao-^n-e-n-e-ç-Wv-Wv = ao-^-Ìw e-ç-W-Ìw, A-f|o-\vA-f|o-\v =

A-f|-\p-uZ-e-în±, æ-#-Xnw-Xnw = h--Zm I±-ao-I³, æ-#-

Xn-\oXn-\o = h-ZmI±-a-º³, C-go-cxC-go-cx = h|-bw K-Xo-fp-

d-Ìw A-\y±-% K-Xo \-î-Á, en-Xx fw A-õo-en-en-Xx fw A-õo-en-H

= \n-ê-]n-âw fn-Ð-an-bo H-?-Io \-S-%-Á en-Ç

R-º³-% fn-Ðo-[n-c-bn-bo X-?-Io F-¿-t½. Á-ç-

Ð-¿o² ½-wo-bo-td h-a-Ò-an-\-e-e±-K-¿o-Ìw

\n-ê-]n-â \o-èw æ-J-=w fn-Ðo-Æw enÆeoëtS

[n-c-bn-bo H-?-Io-tb-¿-t½.-

5. a-5. a-Ôww-

-¨w fw u\n Zyn-en¨w fw u\n Zyn-en#-Yo-ep -Yo-ep Ð-cme--cme-+-Xv--Xv-

-f-a--f-a-Ð-co-¸w -co-¸w Ê-f-ub u\n A--f-ub u\n A-Ó.-.-

-fw \ ¨-g-[p-cme-\o-u\n õ-e--fw \ ¨-g-[p-cme-\o-u\n õ-e-Ñ fw u\n- fw u\n-

-c-P-h--c-P-h-à-Xo-c--Xo-c-Ó Po- Po-â....

(E-uK|-Zw. 7. 35. 5)-

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:- :- Ð-cme--cme-+-Xv-Xv = Ð±-e-I-+-º-jo-êw Î

I-+-¿o-êw 5-fw-h-\p-b-an-b Y-W-I±-a-5-õn-e-fn-

do-I-jn-b, Zyn-en-Zyn-en-#-Yo-ep-Yo-ep = ¼-cy° 5-In-f-¿n-êw

¨-ao ^-d¨bo-~-an-b D-+n-Z-\-uf-go-tIn-1w, Ê-f--f-

ubub = Z±-f-\-!-Wyw \-î-Á uõn-Ky-]-Zn±-Y-º³

In-ü-Á-Xo-Ìm; A-A-Ð-co-¸w-co-¸w = eyn-]o-® \o-l-à-


(H-S--S-çw)w)

Io-S-%-Á B-In-f-a-7-dw, ¨-g-[px e-\o\x ¨-g-[px e-\o\x =

©-g-[o-I-;w, e-\-à-Xo-I-;w, æ-c-¸o-X-çw \n³-

%-\n³ e±-ªo-®-eo-j-ºo ucn-K-\n-f-I-cn-bo õ-eo-

Ð-t½. Po-Po-â = A-]-cn-Po-X-cn-b, c-P-h-c-P-h-à-Xo -Xo = cn-

{-\n-b-I-în±, _n-iy-=w A-Ð-co-I-=-an-b f-û-

Ð-tj P-bo-Ñm, R-º³-% fn-Ðo \-í-t½.-

-[A-A-lo-o-Æ-tS C-eo--tS C-eo-â-t¿ A±-Yw-t¿ A±-Yw ®-Áo² \o--Áo² \o-è

\-bo-Ñm cn-P-õ-c-Ww \-S-\-bo-Ñm cn-P-õ-c-Ww \-S-K-Á h±-en-[o-In-co, h-õn--Á h±-en-[o-In-co, h-õn-

]-Xo, h-uõ-f°, h-õn-[y-¸° F-tÁn-tÐ-bn-]-Xo, h-uõ-f°, h-õn-[y-¸° F-tÁn-tÐ-bn-üm.m.]-

6. a-6. a-Ôw-w-

-fw \ C-u-fw \ C-uÞn e-n e-æ-õo-cmuZ-uen A--õo-cmuZ-uen A-Ó-

-f-an-Zo-uXy-õo-cme--f-an-Zo-uXy-õo-cme-ç-Wx -Wx æ-fw-hx.--fw-hx.-

-fw u\n -fw u\n ç-u-u¼n n ç-u-u¼-õo-cmP-dn-gx fw -õo-cmP-dn-gx fw

\-\-Ò|-|-wn--n--ln-õo-co-i n-õo-co-i K-uWn--uWn-H..-..-

(E-uK|-Zw. 7. 35. 6)-

[C-C-Þ° A-° A-w-e--e-æ-Ð-ujn--Ð-ujn-âw, e-w, e-ç-W° Z|n-Z-fn-Zo--W° Z|n-Z-fn-Zo-

Xy-Xy-în-ucn-n-ucn-âw, w, ç-¼° Z|n-Z-f-° Z|n-Z-f-ç-¼-în-ucn-n-ucn-âw, X|-w, X|-wn-em n-em

h-h-Ñ-lnx en-Wp K-W-º-ujn-nx en-Wp K-W-º-ujn-âw-w-¹-So e-ho--So e-ho-%-è.]

-õn-en±-Ywõn-en±-Yw:- :- uZ-ex- C-uZ-ex- C-Þxx = Çn-\-5-In-f-Zn-Xn-en-b,

h-Zn-Nn-c-fo-¸-I-\n-b B-Nn-cy°. e-e-æ-õox \x f-am-õox \x f-am

A-A-Ó = e-æ- ~-1-Nn-co-I-ujn-tSn-Ãw Rº³

fn-Ðo- ]n-Tw ]-To-%-Á-e-cn-I-t½. A-Y-en Zo-ey-Y-

W-Æ-2-an-b C-Þo-bn-[o-~n-Xn-en-b B-Zn-em

]-Õ-¨X-º-;-an-bo-uÑ±-èm fn-Ð-an-bo-co-Ð-t½.

æ-fw-hx-fw-hx = h-Xmu]-ç-É-e-Ìw 5-f-Ò-Ì-an-b e-e-ç-

WxWx =@-X-!-d-]-Xo-bn-b e-ç-W°, P-d-uîn-X-æ-I-

jn² R-º³-%m fp-X-j-æ-Jw \-ío ú-â-tIn-1-É

Xn-]w A-I-Ê-t½. e-ç-W° ¼-cy-tÂ Io-c-W-º³

Z|n-Z-f-an-h-º-jn-!-Á hw-e-e-c-u¿n-â-uN±-èm

h-Zn æJ¦f|cyº³ Rº³%m A-Ì-õ-e-ue-

Zy-an-Ð-t½. A-Y-en B-]B-] = A-Xn-b-Hm ep-cy-5-en-

i-º-;-tS uZ-e-X-bn-b B-] B-Z-Çn-u\-Þo-

b-º³-% fn-Ðo-ub-I-t½. P-dn-gxP-dn-gx = Èx-J-\o-en-c-

I° A-Y-en B-[o-õv-Xo-I-=w, B-[ottZeoIw,

B-[yn-Zo-Iw F-Áo ^o-Xn-]-º³-% \n-fw

e-ç-K-Á-e°, ç-¼ ç-u-u¼ õo-cm fw \x õo-cm fw \x = I-uTn-c-

an-b A-Ì-fn-h-\w \-S-Ão-dn-Ðn-\n-bo fo¸ \ío

IcboÃo%Á eoZyn[oIncoI³, ~-1-Nn-co-I³-

%m fn-Ðo-ub-I-t½, C-Þo-bn-õo-dn-g-º-tj Ð±-¿o-

bn-%-Á, ±-Xz-õ-bw In-c-Ww _-â-Ð-tj ucn-Zo-

Ão-%-Á Pp-e°, ç-u-u¼-õo -õo = ]-Õ-5n-W-u\n-tSn-Ãw

fn-Ðo \-î-Á-e°, C-i C-i = C-eo-tS, Î Pp-eo-X-

¿o², X|-X|-wn n = eo-f|-I±-an-en-b a-in-fo-+o-tb-

uÃn-td h-Z-h-Zm eo-ue-Io-bn-b !-ç-g°, ln-n-

õox-\x fw õox-\x fw K-uWn--uWn-H = A-º-Æ-tS en-Wo-bn²

R-º³-%m fn-Ðo-Æ-tS h-uÀ-fw \-ío-bn-êw

AYen Rº;tS enWobn² fnÐoIncyº³

uI³ÃoÐt½.

F-l-Wn-F-l-Wn-!-j-¿m- (CSÃÉo)-j-¿m- (CSÃÉo)

[p. ]otI.Pb°, p. ]otI.Pb°, ÐMÐ uKn]oÐ uKn]o

tta-dn-j-¿m fo-e-u¸- tta-dn-j-¿m fo-e-u¸-^-¿o-²--¿o-²-

cn-eo-td 10.00 ®-X² 1.00 e-tc -

-¹-â-X² eo-e-c-º³-Ðm

[p. Uo. eo. !cÃm - 94467175539446717553

tNºtNºéco²co²

[p. ueZp. ueZ5Infm Infm

ai±go Zbn\Àõe\wai±go Zbn\Àõe\w

cn-eo-td 10.00 ®-X² 1.00 e-tc -

-¹-â-X² eo-e-c-º³-Ðm

94463143439446314343

h|±Kpb \-uc-h|±Kpb \-uc-Þ-¨-g®- -BcwõoÑ ue-Z]-nT-\-w.-g®- -BcwõoÑ ue-Z]-nT-\-w.F-Èn Rn-b-ln-G-Æw ®SÐaoÈntX HSçè.

(tNº(tNºé±, tteÐw tteÐw, F-l-Wn- F-l-Wn-!-j-w FÁp -j-w FÁp Ùdºjo² andºjo² an^w)w)

tte-Ð¿m- tte-Ð¿m-

[p. p. #á!an± tteÐw an± tteÐw

ai±go Zbn\À tteZoI ai±go Zbn\À tteZoI Yç!dw dw

(Ù-]-Xo) -]-Xo) habw: cn-eo-td 9 ®-X² 11 e-tc

-¹-â-X² eo-e-c-º³-Ðm - 94004262809400426280

hch|Xp tteZoIhch|Xp tteZoIYç!dw, dw, ai±goZbn\Àõe°, tNºai±goZbn\Àõe°, tNºé± ± - - 689 121689 121

ueZw ]To-%-ÁHw ]To-Ão-%-ÁHw uI³%-ÁHw uI³Ão-%-ÁHw FÈn u[~-în-ç-tSÆw ]ca[±a-an-!-è.-

F-Èn-¿o-Ìw ey-2w, A-ey-2w F-Áo-º-t\ c-¾m A-e-Ù-Æ-¾m. A-ey-2n-e-Ù-Æm J-\yn-e-Ù-

tbÁ±Y-ao-È. C-Èn-á-bn-Wm J-\y-X. ey-2-a-Èn-¿ A-e-Ù-Æm A-ey-2-ta-è ]-l-Æ-è. ½-wo-Æ-tS B-cw-õ

¿o² J-\y-X-bn-Wm \o-d-eo-do-ç-Á-tX-Ám [-co-Ð-ç-tX-Ám E-uK|-Z-¼-2-¿o² A-ç-;-è-¾m. 5-j-bn-

e-Ù-bo² J-\y-X-bn-tW-Ám hn-an-\ye-ªo-I³ [-co-®-u]n-!w. A-º-t\-b-Èn-bo-ç-è. A-h-Kw

h-Kw C-Èn-bo-ç-è. h-¿m F-Án² ey-2P-K-¿m. B-cw-õ-¿o² ey-2P-K-Kw C-Èn-bo-ç-è. ey-2-

P-K-¿o-Èn-Xo-ç-Á-Xo-\n² J-\y-X-b-uÈ ao-Ñw e-uc-¾-Xm? A-È. ey-2-an-In-° u]n-!-Á P-K-¿otÂ

A-\o±-e-N-\p-b-=w A-K-ay-=-an-b °-d-X-¿|w D-¾n-bo-ç-è. h|. \uch|. \ucÞ¨g®g®


eoueIeoueIúUnaWoUnaWo

B±. ]-¹-P-e-Èo, ¹-S²-± o± o ²²(HS±Ñ)

u^n-Iw 26

-fn--fn-Ö-hy -hy Y-ç-en-Iy-hy-en-Iy-hy

-h-Xy--h-Xy-e-ªyn-e-[n-c-Wwyn-e-[n-c-Ww

-hn -hn [-ªn I-Yo-Xn h-Zm n I-Yo-Xn h-Zm õo-cmo-cm

b-bn e-b-bn e-Ô-]-d-õy-uX--]-d-õy-uX-

]-Z-u]-Z-u±-Zw-Zw:- :- fn-fn-Ö-hy -hy Y-ç-en-Iy-hy h-Xy--en-Iy-hy h-Xy-e-ªyn yn

A-e-[n-c-Ww hn A-e-[n-c-Ww hn [-ªn I-Yo-Xn h-Zmõox b-bn n I-Yo-Xn h-Zmõox b-bn

e-e-Óx D-]-d-õy-uX.x D-]-d-õy-uX.

-A-\|-bw-A-\|-bw:- :- fn-fn-Ö-hy -hy Y-ç-en-Iy-hy h-Xy--en-Iy-hy h-Xy-e-ªyn-yn-

bn A-e-[n-c-Ww hn h-Zmõox bn A-e-[n-c-Ww hn h-Zmõox [-ªn I-Yo-Xn, b-bn n I-Yo-Xn, b-bn

e-e-Óx D-]-d-õy-uX.x D-]-d-õy-uX.

-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:- :- fn-fn-Ö-hy -hy Y-ç-en-Iy-hy-en-Iy-hy = fn-Ö-¿o-tÂ-

Æw Y-ç-en-Iy-¿o-tÂ-Æw, h-Xy-h-Xy-e-ªyn bn A-e-[n-yn bn A-e-[n-

c-Wwc-Ww = h-Xy-e-ªo-ubn-â-¹-So-Æ-É bn-tXn-ç a-\-

ôo-dn-Ð² (D-u¾n), hn h-Zmõox hn h-Zmõox [-ªn I-Yo-Xnn I-Yo-Xn

= A-Xm h-Ã-\-º-jn² '[-ª' F-è ]-l-b-tÃ-½o-co-

%-è. b-bn e-b-bn e-Óx D-]-d-õy-uXx D-]-d-õy-uX = bn-tXn-Áo-\n²

(A-Xo-\n²) ]-c-an±-Y-e-Ó-u\-â-è (]-c-an±-Y-

Çn-\w D-¾n-!-è).

-hn-u]-¸ \o-c-u]-¸ Çn-\-º-tj-%-lo-Ñm

(a-tÊn-Áo-t\ B-[-bo-%-Á-Hw a-tÊn-Áo-t\ B-[-

bo-Ðn-¿-H-an-b A-lo-=-I-tj-%-lo-®m) ®°-u^n-I-

º-jo² ]-d-uÃn-?w ]-cn-a±-fo-Ño-å-1m. ]-d-eo-g-b-

º-tj hw-_-áo-Ñm C-Þo-b-º³ e-ko-Æ-¾n-!-Á

hn-u]-¸-an-b tN-lo-b A-lo-=-I³ a-\-ôo-ud-%

I-S-è-e-èm Xn-ñn-do-I-an-bo f-co-tb-Á-uXn-Á²

D-¾n-%-è. No-d-uÃn³ A-Xm eo-d-tÃ-½ A-lo-en-

Æw uXn-èw. an-lo e-ç-Á ]-co-Xx-Ùo-Xo-bo²

A-tXn-èw A-lo-e-tÈ-èw A-º-t\-Æ-É A-lo-= tIn-1 5-ubn-P-\-ao-tÈ-èw uXn-èw. Î c-1

uXn-Á-ê-I³-%w 5n-an-Wo-I-X-bo-È. hn-u]-¸-

an-b A-lo-em A-eo-f|-h-\p-b-an-tW-è uXn-Áo-

bn-êw ¨-ucn-X-c-¿o-êw ey-2o-K-X-an-bo-co-%-Á

A-¼-b, ]-co-in-hw, [-\-dn-õw, ttdw-Ko-In-h-2o

H-S-ºo-b !-eo-X-º-jn-b u5-c-W-I-jn² 5-ubn-

P-\-ao-Èn-¿ dv-Io-I-eo-g-b-º³ A-u\|-go-®

a-\-ôo-dn-%-Á-Xo-Ìm P-\-º³ A-e-ç-tS h-a-

b-t¿ ey±-Q-an-Ðo-Ð-j-Æ-è. Î A-lo-eo²

\o-è õo-Á-an-b ue-tln-c-lo-=-¾m. A-Xm B-Zn-

eo² N-À-\-Ñn-lo-tÂ !-jo±-a ]-c-K-Á-H-u]n-td-Æw

A-W-X-I-c-an-b H-ç I-t¾-¿²-u]n-td-Æw D-Éo²

P|-do-®-b-ç-è. A-Xm H-ç ]-c-an±-Y-Z±-f-\-¿o-tÂ

A-W-X-5-õn-e-u¿n-â-¹-So-b-Xn-üm. \-®-% ®-Äm

Î ¨-®-J-¿m A-5-In-c-®-É ]-c-an±-Y-Çn-\w

]-d a-in-în±-%w D-¾n-bo-å-¾m. A-e± A-Xo-t\

h-Xy-h-á-an-bo uc-J-tÃ-â-¿o-te-Ño-co-%-Á-Xo-

t\-bn-ü \nw r-×-º³ F-è eo-jo-®-u]n-ç-

Á-Xm.

-Î eo-[w an-\-e-cn-fo-Æ-tS A-lo-eo-tÂ \-e-

\p-Xw F-èm F-B-tÃ-Sn-=-Á a-in-!-ç-g-în±

F-Ðn-d-Kw F-Á-H-u]n-td \-½-tS Pp-eo-X-In-d-

Kw \-uÅn-tSn-Ãw Pp-eo-%-è-¾n-=w. A-e± A-u\-

I-e±-g-º-jo-td X-]-õ-tIn-1w D³-te-jo-Ñw

tIn-1w I-t¾-¿o B-Z-co-®-u]n-ç-Á an±-K-º³

A-+-ua-[-æ-I-;-tS tIn-®-e-ªo-tIn-¾m A-j-%-

en° I-ko-bn-tX-u]n-bn-êw A-e-ç-tS a-io-a-uÆn

A-lo-eo-tÂ 5n-an-Wo-I-X-uÆn H-ç uIn-½-=w hw-

õ-eo-%-Áo-È. h-ZmK-Xo-uX-So ®-uÄn-å-u]n-!-en-

\n-r-io-%-Á-e-Ìm Ð±-eo-I-cn-b Çn-\o-I-;-tS

A-±-X-æ-[n-c-hw r-×-º-jo²-\o-è d-õo-%-en°

hv-I-cy-®-É-H-u]n-td Pp-eo-Ño-co-%-Á a-i-K-Ð-

ujn-â-É D²-Ð-S-an-b ue-G-bn² B a-i-K-Ð³

B±-Ão-Ñ A-lo-eo-t\ h|-Ð-an-%-en-Ìw I-ko-Æw.

A-Xo-\n-bo 5n-an-Wo-I-an-b fn-Ö-e-N-\-¿o-êw

Y-ç-en-Ðo-êw Ð±-W-an-bo A-Ì-c-2-an-bo-co-%-Á

Ùo-Xo-tb-bn-üm '[-ª' F-è ]-l-Æ-Á-Hm.

-u^n-Iw 27

-h-ay-Kn-h-ay-Kn-Ùn-]-\w n-]-\w e-u-uªx

-I-u-uª ~-1-Wo h-cme-Zn-Wo h-cme-Zn

X-Xm h-an-[n-\-ao-Xz-X-Xm h-an-[n-\-ao-Xz-2w

-\ -\ H No-¿-hy dn-d-\w No-¿-hy dn-d-\w

-]-Z-u]-Z-u±-Zw-Zw:- :- h-ay-Im B-h-ay-Im B-Ùn-]-\w n-]-\w e-u-uªx x I-u-uª


~-1-Wo h-cme-Zn X-Xm h-an-[n-\w C-Xo D--Wo h-cme-Zn X-Xm h-an-[n-\w C-Xo D-2w \ w \

H No-¿-hy dn-d-\w. No-¿-hy dn-d-\w.

-A-\|-bw-A-\|-bw:- :- I-u-uª ~-1-Wo h-cme-Zn -Wo h-cme-Zn e-u-uªx (b-Xm) x (b-Xm)

h-ay-Im B-h-ay-Im B-Ùn-]-\w X-Xm h-an-[n-\w C-Xo D-n-]-\w X-Xm h-an-[n-\w C-Xo D-2w. w.

No-¿-hy dn-d-\w No-¿-hy dn-d-\w H \. \.

A±-YwA±-Yw:- :- I-u-uª-~-1-Wo-Wo = I-ª-an-b ~-1-¿o²,

h-cme-Zn h-cme-Zn e-u-uªxx = F-Èn-uÝn-?w e-ªo-Æ-tS, b-Xm b-Xm

h-ay-Im B-h-ay-Im B-Ùn-]-\w n-]-\w = bn-tXn-ç ue-¾-eo-[-¿o-

ê-É D-l-Ão-Ð-ê-u¾n, X-Xm h-an-[n-\w C-Xo D-X-Xm h-an-[n-\w C-Xo D-2w w

= A-Xm h-an-[n-\w F-è ]-l-b-tÃ-½o-co-%-è. No-No-

¿-hy dn-d-\w ¿-hy dn-d-\w H \ \ = No-¿-¿o-tÂ dn-j-\w

B-I-t½ (h-an-[n-\w) A-È.

-]-uÕ-Þo-b-º-jo²-&-So F-uÃn-?w ¨-ucn

eo-g-b-¿o-tÂ hn-Áo-[yw u_n-[-¿o²eo-èm

A-¦-co-®-tIn-¾o-co-%-è. In-ü-Á eo-g-b-º-tj

hw-_-áo-%-Á 5-Xo-õ-Æw A-Xo-\n² a-\-ôo²

D-W±-è-e-ç-è. -ucn C-Þo-b-=w In-Wo-® X-ç-Á-

Xm ¨-ucn-X-cw eo-g-b-[±-a-º-tj-bn-üm. H-cn-ujn-â

hw-hn-co-®-tIn-¾o-co-%-uÄn³ I-C-tIn-1m

B-tj In-ü-è, In-H-tIn-¾m A-bn-;-tS f-pw

uI³-%-è. In-G-Æw f-p-=w c-1-X-c-¿o-ê-É

A-Ì-õ-e-an-tW-¹o-êw c-1w D-¾n-bo-co-%-è F-è

a-\-ôo-Ì \o-L-b-®-¾m. Î D-E-tb-Ã-Êo-Æ-É Xp-

ç-an-\-an-üm 'A-Òo'. B-uc In-ü-è, F-Ñ uI³-

%-è, uI-½-uÃn³ F-tÐ-Ènw ¨±-a-e-è, C-tX-

Ènw A-lo-Æ-I-¹-So tN-å-è. B A-lo-eo² A-u\-

I-X-c-¿o-ê-É A-lo-eo-tÂ f-I-d-º-;-t¾-¹o-êw

F-Èn-Êo-t\-Æw uN±-¿m H-c-lo-em F-èw A-lo-Æ-è-

¾m. A-Xn-üm 'õn-Xo'. A-H-u]n-td A-lo-b-tÃ-â-Á

eo-g-b-º³ ]-d-an-Xo-co æ-J-º-tj-Æw Èx-J-º-

tj-Æw D-¾n-%-Á-e-bn-tW-¹o-êw F-Èn-Êo-êw H-ç

°-dy-u_n-[w D-¾n-bo-co-%-è. A-H '5o-b'an-üm.

-C-º-t\ G-X-lo-eo-êw A-Ì-õ-e-¿o-êw _-*-eo-[-

º-jn-b _n-iy-eo-g-b-º-tj hw-_-áo-%-Á H-ç

_-io±-®-J-X|-=w °-dy-u_n-[-¿o² G-Ip-I-c-Ww

\-S-K-Á H-ç A-Ð±-®-J-X|-=w C-co-%-è. Î

]n-c-à-cy-¿o-tÂ C-S-bo² e±-¿o-%-Á u_n-

[-¿o-tÂ H-u½-tl hw-ue-Z-\-º-;w eo-In-c-º-;w

D-W±-è e-ç-è-¾m. u_n-[-t¿ A-Xy-Ðw I-ê-

g-an-%-Á H-ç a-7-d-an-W-Xm. Çn-\-I±-ua-Þo-

b-º-;-tS 5-e±-¿-\-cw-K-an-üm f-cp-c-5-[n-\-an-b

Î u_n-[-a-7-dw. A-Xo-tÂ a-uÊ Ê-e-¿o-dn-üm

A-lo-eo-t\-Æw A-Xo-tÂ D-E-tb-Æw A±-Y-t¿-Æw

G-Ip-I-co-%-Á I-ª-Çn-\w. uhn-]-n[o-I -Çn-

\-¿o²-\o-èw e-ªo-tb ue±-tÃ-â-¿o \o-ç-]n-

[o-I-an-b h-Ño-î-b-fn-Ðo-bo² D-l-Ão-%-Á-Xn-ü

h-an-[n-\w.

-u^n-Iw 28

-A-i-¹n-cn-Zo uZ-in-A-i-¹n-cn-Zo uZ-in-Ðn\mn\m

-_--_-án-\-n-\-Çn-\ I-n-\ I-+o-Xn\mo-Xn\m

h|-h| h|-h| è-]n-e-u_n-u[-\--]n-e-u_n-u[-\-

-uan--uan-3-ao--ao-±n-n-®-®-E-Xn-Xn

-]-Z-u]-Z-u±-Zw-Zw:- :- A-i-¹n-cn-Zo uZ-in-A-i-¹n-cn-Zo uZ-in-Ðn° _-n° _-án° n°

A-A-Çn-\-I-n-\-I-+o-Xn° h|-h|-o-Xn° h|-h|-è-]n-e-u_n-u[-\ uan--]n-e-u_n-u[-\ uan-

3w C-w C-±n n ®-®-E-Xn.-Xn.

-A-\|-bw-A-\|-bw:-:- A-i-¹n-cn-Zo uZ-in- A-i-¹n-cn-Zo uZ-in-Ðn° A-n° A-Çn-\-n-\-

I-I-+o-Xn° _-o-Xn° _-án° h|-h|-n° h|-h|-è-]n-e-u_n-u[-\ uan--]n-e-u_n-u[-\ uan-

3w C-w C-±n n ®-®-E-Xn.-Xn.

A±-YwA±-Yw:-:- A-i-¹n-cn-Zo uZ-in- A-i-¹n-cn-Zo uZ-in-Ðn°n° = A-i-¹n-cw

®-X² uZ-iw e-tc-Æ-É, A-A-Çn-\-I-n-\-I-+o-Xn° _- o-Xn° _-

án°n° = A-Çn-\w tIn-1 I-+o-X-an-b _-á-º-

tj, h|-h|-h|-h|-è-]n-e-u_n-u[-\-]n-e-u_n-u[-\ = h|-Ðw è-]-¿o-tÂ

Çn-\w-tIn-¾m, uan-uan-3w C-w C-±n n ®-®-E-Xn-Xn = A-ko-

%-en-Ì-É B-r-iw (B-üm) ®-®-E-X|w.

A-iw-u_n-[w H-S-ºo uZ-iw e-tc-Æ-É

_-á-º-tj-Ènw A-Çn-\-I-+o-X-º-jn-tW-èw

A-Xo²-\o-è uan-N-\w u\-â-en° h|-h|-è-]n-e

-u_n-[-\w (X-tÂ h-Xyn-e-Ù-Xo-co-Ñ-lo-b²) B-üan±-K-ta-èw B Xo-co-Ñ-lo-b-do-ë-tS _-áw A-e

u]n-!-Á-Xn-üm uan-¸-ta-èw ]-l-Æ-è.

-Po-Çn-h a-\-ôo-t\ h-Zn-h-a-b-=w D-c-¿o-

tÐn-¾o-co-%-è. f-cp-c-¿o² F-eo-tS-tb-¹o-êw

H-ç ¸-X-®-¾n-bn² ¹-tS-&-tS B õn-Kw ue-Z-

\o-®-tIn-¾o-co-%-è. en-bo² H-ç ue-Z-\-Æ-¾n-

bn² \n-%m ]o-tÁ-Æw ]o-tÁ-Æw A-eo-tS tXn-å-

tIn-¾o-co-%w. ue-Z-\o-%-Á H-ç @-W-®-¾n-bn²

eo-c-dm ep-1w ep-1w A-Xo-tÂ A-co-Io² tXn-å-

tIn-1-X-tÁ-bo-co-%w. f-cp-c-¿o² tNn-lo-Ño²-A-

Ì-õ-e-tÃ-½n² tNn-lo-bç-tX-èm F-^ \o±-_-áw

]o-So-Ñn-êw ttI A-uºn-å-u]n-!w. Èx-J-t¿-Æw õ-b-

t¿-Æw ]o-tÁ-Æw ]o-tÁ-Æw !-I-à-\p-c-en°

C--S--bn-%-è. a-l-Ðn° [-ao-%-Á-tXn-tÐ eo-#-X-

è-]-¿o² a-\-ôo² tt]-fn-No-I-an-b 5-i-c-º-

;-¾n-Ðo-tÐn-¾o-co-%-è. ¨-ucn±-a-tb-K-S±-èm

ue-tln-ucn±-a, A-º-t\ a-\-õ-In-â-I-b-lo-uÃn-!-Á-

Hw hn-[n-c-W-an-üm. \o-l-ue-l-tÃ-Sn-¿ 5-Xp-¸-

I-jn-üm ]-d-uc-Æw \o-cn-fn-en-Zo-I-jn-%-Á-Hm.

a-Ì-gy° A-e-tÂ B-ubn-[-\-¿o-Ìw 5-Xo-

ucn-[-¿o-Ìw ®-Jy-D-]-I-c-W-an-bo In-ü-Á-Hm

X-tÂ e-ªo-tb-bn-üm. H-ç-e-tÂ e-ªo-tb ue-tln-

ç-e-tÂ e-ªo \o-ôn-c-an-Ðo-Ð-j-Æ-è. G-H-In-cy-=w


(H-S--S-çw)w)

e-ªo-tIn-¾m A-Ì-an-\o-Ðn-ta-èm a-Ì-gy° A-õo-

an-\o-%-è-t¾-¹o-êw ]-d-In-cy-¿o-êw A-e°

õp-a-an-b 5-an-Z-¿o-dn-üm F-¿o-uÑ-ç-Á-Hm. tX-Ên-b

®°-eo-[o-I³, tX-Ên-b \o-K-a-\-º³, tX-Ên-b

Xp-ç-an-\-º³ F-Áo-e-tIn-¾m A-e° e-d-Æ-è

Î uZn-g-º-tj-Ènw A-e-hn-\-ao-Èn-¿ H-ç ue-Z

-\-u]n-td-bo-ç-è eo-©-Á-Xm a-Ì-gy-tÂ A-i-Ð-

bo-dn-üm 'Rn°' F-Á eo-Nn-c-¿o-tÂ D-E \o-d-

\o-ò-Á-Xm 'F-tÂ' F-è-É-Xo-dn-Wm. 'F-tÂ' 5-Xp-

¸ tX-Êo-uÃn-!-uan? 'F-tÂ' h|-+w bn-Yn±-Yy-an-!-

uan? 'F-tÂ' e-ko-®-½o-uÃn-!-uan? 'F-tÂ' h-uÐn-gw

\o-d-®-u]n-!-uan? 'F-tÂ' tX-e I-1-]o-So-Ð-

tÃ-â-uan? 'F-tÂ' !-l-=-I³ !-l-K-e-ç-uan?

'F-tÂ' an-\y-X \-fo-%-uan? 'F-tÂ' uÝ-iw \-w-

tÃ-â-uan? F-è H-S-ºo F-Bo-bn-tdn-â-ºn-¿

B-f-¹-I³ a-\-ôo² ue-do-ub-Ê-®-¾n-Ðo-tÐn-

¾o-co-%w. C-º-t\ F-Èn-Êo-t\-Æw ¹-½o-uÑ±-¿m

hw-hn-c-ta-uÁn _-á-ta-uÁn eo-jo-%-è. ]n-cn-

en-cw-u]n-td ]-c-è-Io-S-%-Á A-_-ª-P-So-d-a-nb

Î h-uÀ-i-º-tj-Ènw, X-tÂ h-Xyn-e-Ù a-\-

ôo-dn-Ðo-bn² H-ko-à-u]n-!-ta-èm _-á-eo-uan-

N-\w e-Á-e± ]-l-Æ-è. h|-h|-è-]-Z±-f-\w tIn-

¾m _-á-a-l-c-u]n-!-Á-Xo-t\ uan-¸-ta-è eo-jo-

%-è.

eo-cn-Sm!-ç-g° (~-1w) h|h-Jn-en-b f-cp-c-Ù!-ç-g-tÂ (Pp-en-Zn-eo-tÂ) f-cp-cc-N-\-bo² h|-Ðw

eo-cn-Smf-cp-c-¿o-tÂ (~-1n-7-¿o-tÂ) c-N-\-tb Ð±-W-an-bo A-Ì-I-co-Ño-co-%-è. Cv an-\-e-f-cp-cw

~-1n-7-¿o-tÂ tN-lo-b 5-Xo-#-Xo-bn-Wm F-Á±-Yw. a-in-Çn-\o-I-jn-b a-i±-go-an± A-e-ç-

tS ubn-K-P-f-2o-bn² Cv c-N-\nhn-ÀnPy-t¿ A-Ì-¨-X-an-Ðo-b-Xo-Ì uf-gw c-¾o-tÂ-Æw 5-Xo-

\o-[oh|-è-]-an-bo b-Ç-º-tj B-eo-l-co-®. C-Xo-t\ a-tÊn-ç eo-[-¿o² ]-l-bnw, A-Xo-eo-Õ-X-=w

an-\-e-u\-^-º³-Ðm A-uKn-N-c-=-an-b A-Kn-[hn-KcX-d-º-;w D-Kw-K-=w A-5n-]y-=-an-b A-N-d-

fo-Jc-º-;w ¨-a-7-d-¿o-tÂ C-X-c A-e-b-e-º-;w A-u\-Iw a-Ì-gyn-Æ-õI³ H-S±-Ñ-bn-bo 5-In-

f-ue-K-¿o² h-Õ-co-Ñn²-uÃn-êw 5n-]o-Ðn-\-hn-[y-an-b eo-É-c\-¸-^a-7-d-º-;w F-Ðn-tW-Ám

u_n-[o-Ão-%-Á-Xo-\m ¨-]-S-º-;w en-\-No-^-º-;w B-eo-o-X-an-bo-å-¾-uÈn. 5-Y-a-Ê-wyn c-h-I-c-an-b

!-cn-W-I-Y-tb-è uXn-è-Á ]-d-Xo-êw eo-c-h-an-b fn-Öp-bho-ªn-Ð-º³ D-É-S-Ðo ]-co-c-¸o-%-Á

]v-cn-Wo-Ih-º-Zn-b-=w \-®-% ]-co-No-X-an-W-uÈn? Kv-X-a-Ìw A-i-dy-Æw (Kvx = -ao, X-a = ®-Jy°,

Kv-Ð-jo² ®-Jy° = ¼-cy°, i-dy= D-?-X-Xm, A-i-dy= D-kn-¿ ¨-ao) A-H-u]n-td H-ç I-Y-bn-Wm.

~-1n-7-=w ]o-7-=w ½-wo-Ño-co-%-Á-tX-º-t\-tb-Á u_n-[w D-¾n-!-Á-Xo-\n-bo b-Ç-º³ B-eo-

o-X-an-bo. ¨-ao-fn-Ö-¿o-td ¨-]-S-º³ fn-Öp-b-an-bo X-Çn-ln-Ðo-bo-co-%-Á-H-u]n-td, b-Ç-º-;w

ue-Z-fn-Ön-Zo-I-jo² A-[o-~o-X-an-Wm. ¨-]-S-¿o²\o-Ám \-K-cw, Xn-ë-Ðm, Po-È, hw-Ùn-\w, cn-{w,

I-S², ]±-e-Xw, \-Zo ®-X-dn-b-e-Æ-tS Çn-\w d-õo-%-Á-H-u]n-td A-lo-uin-^w, Z±-f-]v±W

-an-hw, Nn-H±-an-hyw H-S-ºo-b tN-c-Hw e-ê-H-an-b b-Ç-º-jo²\o-Ám ~-1n-7]o-7-º-;-tS

Û-d ¼-K c-N-\-I-;-tS Çn-\w d-õo-%-è. C-5-In-cw b-Ç-º³ I-+o-X-an-bo. I-+o-X-an-I-bn²

b-Ç-¿o-\m I-+-ta-èw ]-cyn-b-®-¾m (I-+-\n-Xm I-+). A-Xo-\n² b-Ç-º-tj B-Jyn-\w tN-å-Á

¼-^r-×-¿o-\m I-+-¼-^-ta-è ]-l-Æ-è.... õn-c-Xp-b C-Xo-in-h-a-Ì-h-co-Ñm h±-Kn-cw-õ-¿o² an-\-

e±-Ðm tte-Zo-IÇn-\w d-õo-tÑ-¹o-êw X-Z-Ì-½-X-an-bo e±-Wn-[-aey-e-Ù-ubn, cn-Py-eye-Ù-ubn

\o-d-eo² e-cn-Xo-ç-Á-H-u]n-td, ¼-ey-b-Çº-;-tS eo-[n-\-=w h±-Kn-cw-õ-¿o² D-¾n-bo-È. F-tÐ-

Án² B h-a-b-t¿ an-\-e-tc-Ènw h-¿|Y-Wh-Ä-Á-çw hn¸n-Xm#-X-[±-anZn-Ð-;w Çn-\-

hn-K-c-]n-cw-K-X-çw ]-c-a-ua-[n-eo-I-;w B-bo-ç-è. a-in-õn-c-Xn-Zo C-Xo-in-h-r-×-º-j-Ì-h-co-Ñm

A-uÃn³ P-K-K ®-?-e° ~-1-aban-bo-ç-è. b-Ç-t¿ hw-_-áo-Ñm fnw-Jn-b-\ B-c-Wy-I-¿o²

‘\o-L-b-an-Æw C-Xo-Ì ®-uÄ-X-tÁ eo-Z|n-în± A-lo-uin-^-=w tN-Çn-\n-cw-õo-Ño-ç-è’F-è In-Wnw.

~n-1-W r-×-º-jo-êw A-u\-IX-e-W ‘b D ttN-\w -ue-Z’ F-è- ]-l-¼m b-Çw tN-å-I A-Xo-

tÂ X-¿|w A-lo-Æ-I F-Áo-e c-1w h-an-\-^-d-Zn-b-I-º-tj-Ám 5-Òn-eo-Ño-å-¾m. h-Áyn-ho A-Y-en

Çn-\o uin-an-Zo?o-b-I³ tN-uÇ-¾-Xo-tÈ-Ám F-Èn fn-Ö-º-;w eo-[o-%-Á-Xo-tÂ In-c-W-=w

C-HX-tÁ-bn-Wm.

h±K h±K?obnhnc e±W\Iobnhnc e±W\I;tS \S\tteõewtS \S\tteõew

‘X-hyn-hmuX ‘X-hyn-hmuX #-Yo-eo uZ-e-b-P-\o -Yo-eo uZ-e-b-P-\o #-gmuT-gmuTऽlo-a-Án-Z a-Án-Zyn-bn Z-u[’o-a-Án-Z a-Án-Zyn-bn Z-u[’


Uo. IadnõnboUo. Iadnõnbo

A-[yn-bw 8A-[yn-bw 8uÝ-i-a-bobnb A-Å--i-a-bobnb A-Å-

-A-È-ubn A-uÅ \o-º³ c-h-a-bo-bn-üm. uÝ-i-a-

bo-bn-üm. a-Ð-jn-b R-º-;-tS io-X-¿o--Ì-ue-¾o

h-±-e=w Xy-Po-%-Á a-in-Xyn-Ko-bn-üm. A-Å

Z-bn-a-bo-Æw, ¸-an-a-bo-Æw h-Xy-a-bo-Æw Çn-\-

a-bo-Æw I±-a-a-bo-Æw, [±-a-a-bo-Æw B-!-è. ue-Zw

A-Å-tb B-], h-c-h|-Xp, D-gn, A-Zo-Xo, A-æ-\p-

Xo, #-Yo-eo, eo-Zz-Xm, Aw-_n, uZ-ep ®-X-dn-b f-p-

º-jn² ÓXo%-è. uÝ-i-a-b-=w, ]-co-I-ª-=-an-b

P-d-¿o-Ì-H-Èy-an-b en-e-dy-c-h-¿n² R-º-

;-tS h-I-d-uZn-g-º-tj-Æw É-cp-I-co-%-Á A-Å

"B-]" B-!-è. \o±-a-d-an-b \-Zp-P-d-¿o-Ì-h-an-

\-an-b Çn-\-h-do-d-¿n² ]-co-Ð±-W-bn-b In-c-

W-¿n² 'h-c-h|-Xo'bn-üm. 5-õ-n-X-ue-j-bo-td

DZ-b-¼-cy-Io-c-W-º-tj-uÃn-td _-v-ªo-I á-c-W-

º-jn² æ-ufn-õo-X-bn-b-Xo-\n² "D-gn"bn-üm.

B-Ð-co-I-=w _n-iy-=-an-b f-û-Ð-jn² A-P-Ç-

Æw A-J-7o-X-Æ-an-b-Xo-\n² "A-Zo-Xo"bn-üm.

h|-f-cp-c-¿o-² 5-f-Ò-an-b 5n-W-º-tj h-Õ-

bo-Ão-Ño-co-Ð-bn² "A-æ-\p-Xo"bn-üm. eo-Õ-X-

5-]-Õw-u]n-td ,-Z-b eo-fn-d-Æw -¸-an-fp-d-Æw

B-b-Xo-\n² ¨-ao-uZ-eo-bn-b #-Yo-eo-bn-üm. tte-

Zz-Xo X-cw-K-º-tj-uÃn-td uX-uPn-a-bo-Æw fp-~-K-

a-\-Æ-an-b-Xo-\n² "eo-Zz"¿n-üm. h-a-b-=w h-À±-

õ-=-a-Ì-h-co-Ñm h-È-]-uZ-f-º³ \-î-Á-Xo-\n²

"Aw-_"bn-üm. Zo-ey-Y-W-º-;-tS 5-õn-e-d-b-

¿n² a-u\n-i-co-bn-b-Xo-\n² "uZ-eo"bn-üm.

-A-uX! A-uÅ! A-Å-tb ¨±-K R-º³

A-õo-an-\w tIn-=-è. A-Å-Æ-tS Y-W-K-W-º-jn±-

Po-%-en° R-º³ _-ª-[-ª-cn-bo [-ao-%-I-bn-

üm. A-Å R-º³-% \-ío-b fo-¸Ww R-º³-

%-an±-K-Zp-]-an-I-t½. A-º-t\ R-º-;w 5-f-Ò-cn-

I-t½.

1. -a-1. -a-Ôw

B-u]n A-B-u]n A-ên° an-X-cxn° an-X-cx

-I-á-b--b-Ñ z-uX-\ u\n -uX-\ u\n zX]|nx X]|nx !\Ñ

-eo-f|w- io co--eo-f|w- io co-5w w 5-e-i--e-i-Ðo uZ-ep-o uZ-ep-ç-Zo-Zn-õyx-Zo-Zn-õyx

-I-No-cn -No-cn Ð-X G-ao. -X G-ao.

(E-uK|-Zw. 10. 17. 10)

-õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:- :- P-dw-u]n-td I-ª-an-!-Á A-Å R-º-

;-tS A-Ðx-Ð-c-Ww I-ª-an-%-è. t\-Çm f-cp-c-!-

wo-%w ¨-P-ôm e±-ªo-Ão-Ñm f-cp-c-=w No-¿-=w

]-eo-^-an-%-ta-Á-lo-bn-an-bo-ç-Á A-Å I-ª-an-b

z-Xw an-J-uÝ-i-ta-Á Zo-eyv-g-[-u¿n-tSn-Ãw

X-èm R-º-;-tS ¨-P-ôm e±-ªo-Ão-®. H-Ãw R-º-

tj \o±-a-d-an-b a-\-ôo-Ì-S-a-I-jn-Ðo-bo-co-%-è.

Zo-ey-Y-W-\o-d-b-an-b A-Å-an± h-Ðn-\-º-;-tS

h-a-Ò-uZn-g-º-tj-Æw ]n-]-u¿-Æw É-cp-I-co-Ðn°

f-2o-Æ-É ¸-an-fp-d-cn-üm. A-Å-Æ-tS hn-Áo-ªy-

¿n² I-ª-=w ]-eo-^-=w 5-Zp-Ñ-=-an-b ]n-Z-º-

ujn-tS Rn° F-tÂ Pp-eo-X-an-!-Á I±-a-u¸-^-

¿o-ud-% 5-ue-fo-%-è.

-a--a-Ôn±-Y So-Ã-Won±-Y So-Ã-Wo:- :- -B-]x B-]x = ui P-d-¿o-Ì h-an-\w

I-ªo-e-ç-K-Á, an-X-c an-X-c = an-Xn-ue; A-A-ên°n° =

R-º-tj, I-á-b--b-Ñ = I-ªp-I-co-&; z-X ]|-X ]| =

t\-åw uX-P-õw tIn-1 ]-eo-^p-I-co-%-Á-e³,

z-uX-\ -uX-\ = z-X-¿o² \oè-¾n-!-Á uX-P-ho-

\n², \x\x = R-º-tj, !-\--\-Ñ = I-ªo-bn-&. uZ-eouZ-eo

= B uZ-e-H-Èy-cn-b A-Å-an±, eo-f|w ioeo-f|w io = eo-f|w

®-?-e°, co-co-5w = uZn-gw, ]n-]w, an-do-\yw -A-I-No-

5-e-i--e-i-Ðoo = H-?-Ðo-Ð-j-Æ-è, B-õyB-õy = C-e-ç-tS

hn-Áo-[y-¿o², C-Xm C-Xm = \o-L-b-an-Æw, I-Nox -Nox =

I-No-X|w, I-ª-X, ttI-e-co-Ñm Ð-Xx-Xx= ]-eo-^-an-bo-

åm, D-ZmD-Zm-B-G-aoG-ao = !-l-K e-ç-è. I±-a-¨-ao-bo² In-

ê-!-K-è.

(z-X-]|n -X-]|n = = z-Xw B-Pyw uX-uPn-en, uX-\ -Xw B-Pyw uX-uPn-en, uX-\ !-\--\-

Ðo C-Xo Xnx. o C-Xo Xnx. z ¸-c-Wn-Zp-u ¸-c-Wn-Zp-uÑynx, ynx, Ð-Rm-]-e-u\. -Rm-]-e-u\.

co-co-5=]n-]]n-] (\o-ç. 4. 21) I-No-ufn-N-uXx P|-d-Xo--No-ufn-N-uXx P|-d-Xo-

Icma-WIcma-W \o-ç. 6. 1)

-2. a--2. a-Ôw w

C-Z-an-]x C-Z-an-]x 5-e-i-Xn-e-Zyw N- a-dw N -b-Xm-e-i-Xn-e-Zyw N- a-dw N -b-Xm

-b-Ñ-n-õo--b-Ñ-n-õo-È-u-u¼n-in-n-in-Ï-Xw b-Ñ -uf-u]- -Xw b-Ñ -uf-u]-


A-õo-A-õo-ç-Wn-am -B-u]n an X--Wn-am -B-u]n an X-ên-uZ-\-hx n-uZ-\-hx

]-e-an-\-]-e-an-\-L L -®-Õ-H.. (b-À. 6. 17)

-õn-en±-Ywõn-en±-Yw:- :- -I-ªo-e-ç-K-Á P-d-¿o-Ì-h-an-\-bn-b

an-Xn-ue! F-tÂ A-Ð-cw-K-¿o-ê-É \o-À-Æw È-Po-

Ð-I-;w I-?-Io-Ð-j-¼m F-tÁ I-ª-No-¿-\n-Ðo-

bn-êw. Rn° B-ucn-tS-¹o-êw u¼n-iw tN-É-ubn,

I-Éw ]-l-Æ-I-ubn, A-h-Xyn-N-c-Ww tN-å-Iubn,

\o±-uËn-go-I-jn-b h-Ã-\-º-tj Np-¿-en-%-I-

jn² @-W-tÃ-â-¿o A-e-tc A-]-an-\o-%-I-ubn

tN-Òo-å-t¾-¹o² Z-bn-a-bo-bnb F-tÂ A-Å

A-H-t]n-c-Km FtÁ ]n-]-eo-®-2-\n-Ð-Ww. ]-eo-

^-Xn-In-c-I-\n-b F-tÂ ]o-Xn-eo-tÂ-Æw- A-Ì-r-

in-bo-æ-I³ F-tÂ Pp-eo-X-¿o-Ì-¾n-I-Ww.

-a--a-Ôn±-Y So-Ã-Won±-Y So-Ã-Wo:-:- -B-]x -B-]x = F-Èn an-do-\y-º-tj-

Æw I-ªo tN-Çn° I-ko-=-É te-Éw u]n-td ]-eo-

^-bn-b A-Å-an-uc!, C-Zw b-XmC-Zw b-Xm = C-Ðn-ü-Á-tX-

Ènw, A-e-Zyw NA-e-Zyw N = \o-À-\p-b-an-b ]n-]w, a-dw N a-dw N =

a-em A-I-ªo-I-uj-Æw, uZn-g-º-tj-Æw, 5-e-i-Xm -e-i-Xm =

I-?-Io H-?-Ðo É-tc-Ð-j-¼n-êw, b-Xm Nb-Xm N = ¹-Sn-tX,

A-õo -A-õo -È-u-u¼n-in-i = Rn° u¼n-iw tN-å-è-1m, A-A-Ï-

Xw Xw = A-h-Xy-õn-g-W-=w A-h-Xyn-N-c-W-=w \-S

-K-è. b-XmN b-XmN = ¹SntX \o±-õ-b-cn-b h-Xy-[±-ao

-I-tj \o-Ào-%-I-Æw A-]-an-\o-%-I-Æw tN-å-è.

X-X-ên-Xm G-\-hnxn-Xm G-\-hnx = Î h±-e-eo-[ uZn-g-º-tjÆw

A-]-cn-[-º-tj-Æw, B-]xB-]x = I-ªp-I-c-W-f-2oÆ-É

P-dw-u]n-td B-Z-I-ªo-Æw f-2o-Æ-®-É A-Å-

ançw, ]-e-an-\ N]-e-an-\ N = !-Wyn-Zn-en-b ]o-XnÐ

înçw, F-tÁ X-Éo-Ð-j-b-ç-uX. f-]o-%-I-Æw

D-u]-¸o-%-I-Æw tN-Çn-tX F-tÂ tX-e-I-jo²

\o-è c-¸-tÃ-Sn° F-tÁ A-Ì-r-io-&. [uf-u]uf-u]

= f-]o-%-I.]

3. a-3. a-Ôww

a-u\n ua X-cm]-b-X en-Nw- ua- X-cm]-bX-a-u\n ua X-cm]-b-X en-Nw- ua- X-cm]-bX-

-5n-W ua X-cm]-b-X N-n-W ua X-cm]-b-X N-E-cmua--cmua-

-X-cm]-b-X u-X-cm]-b-X u[n-n-^w ua X-cm]-b-Xn-w ua X-cm]-b-Xn-Zn\wn\w

-ua X-cm]-b-X -ua X-cm]-b-X 5-Pnw ua X-cm]-b-X--Pnw ua X-cm]-b-X-

-]--]-J-\m ua X-cm]-b-X K-Wn\m ua X-cm]-b-X--\m ua X-cm]-b-X K-Wn\m ua X-cm]-b-X-

-K-Wn- ua an eo--K-Wn- ua an eo-J-g\m. -g\m. (b-À. 6. 31)

--õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:-:-ui! J-Ño Zn-b-I-an-b P-dw u]n-td

B-\-À-Zn-bo-bn-b P-\-\p! F-tÂ a-\-ôm D-¿-a

h-¹-+-º-jn² J-Ñ-an-&. F-tÂ en-Wo h-Xy-=w

a-¿-c-X-c-=an-Ðo F-tÁ J-Ñ-\n-&. F-tÂ 5n-W°

D-¿-a-f-2o-fn-do-bn-I-t½. F-tÂ u\-^-º³ õ-¼-

an-b In-G-I³ I-1m J-Ñ-\n-I-t½. F-tÂ tN-eo-

bo² h-Xy-=w æ-À-c-=w a-¿-c-X-c-=-an-b f-p-º³

uI-åm Rn° J-Ñ-\n-I-t½. F-tÂ B-Zn-eo² A-Z-

_-dw \o-l-¼m Rn° J-Ñ-\n-I-t½. F-tÂ 5-P-

I³ h-ZmY-W-h-Ä-Á-cn-I-t½. F-tÂ ±-K-h-Ä-Km

h-Ù-w-an-I-t½. F-tÂ !-âw-_-¿o-êw h-°-i-¿o-

êw ]-c-à-c-hv-in±-Ë-=w hn-uin-Z-cy-=w tIn-1m

R-º³ J-Ñ-cn-I-t½. A-º-t\ h-a-Ò-ua-J-d-bo-êw

R-º³ J-Ñ-cn-bo Pp-eo-%-en° A-Å-Æ-tS A-Ì-

r-iw R-º³-%-¾n-bo-co-Ð-W-ta-Á 5n±-Y-\-bn-

ü-É-Hm. B±-%w R-º-ujn-tSn-c-J-Ño D-¾n-en-Xo-

co-Ð-t½.

-a--a-Ôn±-Y So-Ã-Won±-Y So-Ã-Wo:-:- -P-dw Zn-in±-¿-Ìm F-5-In-c-

an-uWn hw-J-Ño \-î-Á-Hm A-H-u]n-td A-Å ua ua

a-\ma-\m = F-tÂ a-\-ôo-t\, X-cm]-b-X X-cm]-b-X = J-Ñ-\n-&,

ua en-Nwua en-Nw= F-tÂ en-%-I-tj, ua ua 5n-Wn-W = F-tÂ

5n-W-t\, ua N-ua N-E = F-tÂ I-C-I-tj, ua uua u[n-n-

^ww = F-tÂ tN-eo-I-tj, ua B-ua B-Zn-\wn-\w = F-tÂ

B-Zn-eo-t\, ua ua 5-Pnw-Pnw = F-tÂ h-Ð-Xo-]-c-Ä-c-

tb, ua ]-ua ]-J\m\m = F-tÂ ±-K-º-tj, ua K-Wn°ua K-Wn° =

F-tÂ _-â-ao-^n-Zo-K-W-º-tj F-Ènw hw-c-¸o-Ñm

hw-J-Ñ-cn-Ðo-bn-êw, an eo an eo J-g\m-g\m = R-º-tj H-co-

Ð-êw A-J-Ñ-cn-Ð-ç-uX.

4. a-4. a-Ôw w

C-Zw e B-u]n C-Zw e B-u]n ,-Z-b-am,-Z-b-am,

-e-bw e--e-bw e-e E-Xn-e-cp-x. E-Xn-e-cp-x.

C-ui-Xy-ua-X f-I|-cpcm,C-ui-Xy-ua-X f-I|-cpcm,

-b-u-b-u^-Zw ue-f-bn-ao-e..-Zw ue-f-bn-ao-e.. -(A-Y±-ew. 3. 13. 7)

-õn-en±-Ywõn-en±-Yw:- :- A-È-ubn h-Xyn-N-c-W-a-bo-Æw P-dw

u]ntd hw-I-ª-uÝ-i-a-bo-Æ-an-b an-Xn-ue, \o-º-

;-tS ,-Z-bw A-Xy-Ð-w]n-e-\-an-üm. Rn° A-Å-

Æ-tS a-I-\-uÈ? B \o-d-bo² f-2o-h|-è-]o-Wo-

bn-b an-Xn-ue! F-tÂ ,-Z-bn-õo-dn-gw Ð±-¿o-bn-

Ðo A-Å-Æ-tS uÝ-i-¿o-è-S-a-bn-&.

-a--a-Ôn±-Y So-Ã-Won±-Y So-Ã-Wo:-:- -E-Xn-e-cox-E-Xn-e-cox = A-È-ubn h-Xy-[±-

an-N-c-W-¿o² \o-~-Æ-É-e-uj, B-]B-]= P-d-h-an-

\w uÝ-i-a-bo-bn-b A-uÅ, C-Zw enC-Zw en = Î \o-º-

;-tS, ,-Z-bw-Z-bw = ,-Z-b-an-!-è, A-bw e-A-bw e-eww = Î

Rn° A-Å-Æ-tS 5o-b-!-^-\n-b f-Ð|-cof-Ð|-co = f-2o

h|-è-]o-Wp, C-iC-i = C-eo-tS, C-Xyw G-XC-Xyw G-X = Î

Zo-f-bo² F-Áo-ud-%-e-Á-W-Ç, b-b-^ = G-H uZ-f

-¿n-bn-êw F-eo-tS-bn-bn-êw A-Å-Æ-tS ,-Z-b-

¿o² F-tÁ 5-eo-w-\n-&. B In-ç-Wyn-Xo-uc-

I-¿n² Rn-\-Xo-Ì u5-c-oX-\n-I-t½.

5. a-5. a-Ôw

D-X- hyn \x h-c-h|-XpD-X- hyn \x h-c-h|-Xp

-uLn-cn io-c-Wy e-cmX-\p-uLn-cn io-c-Wy e-cmX-\p


-?-^-{p e-p e-wo o æ-xXoam. Xoam. -(E-uK|-Zw. 6. 61. 7)

--õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:- :- È-w-X, A-eo-Zy, È±-en-h-\, È-cn-Nn-cw

B-Zo-bn-b-e-I-jn² uLn-c-A-á-In-c-Ð-co-X-an-b

A-Ð-co-¸-¿o², æ-e±-W-uc-J-I³ u]n-td-ao-Áo-

a-l-Æ-Á eo-Zz-¿o-t\-uÃn-td, æ-e±-W-N-co-^-¿o-

tÂ ufn-õ-Æ-É eo-È-go-Æw B-cn-[y-Æ-an-b P-\-\o,

F-5-In-c-an-uWn C-So-Æw ao-Á-êw In±-ua-L-t¿

a-k-bn-bo t]-Ço-%-Á-Hm A-H-u]n-td uÝ-i-è-]o-

Wo-bn-b ep-cnw-K-\ R-º-;-tS È±-en-h-\-I-tj-Æw

,-Z-b-an-do-\y-º-tj-Æw I-?-Io-Ð-j-àm h-°-i-

¿o² D-Xm#-w-Ùn-\-=w Ip±-¿o-Æw b-f-õw e±-

ªo-Ão-Ð-t½. A-Xo-\n-bo R-º³ 5n±-Yo-%-è.

-a--a-Ôn±-Y So-Ã-Won±-Y So-Ã-Wo:-:- -D-X -D-X= ¹-Sn-tX, uLn-cnuLn-cn =

tte-Zz-Xo-u]n-td A-]-I-c-S-In-co-bn-b A-c-X,

io-c-Wy e-cmX-\oio-c-Wy e-cmX-\o = æ-e±-W-uc-J-u]n-td te-

½o-¿o-j-ºo ¨-So-a-l-Æ-Á ao-Á²-]o-W±-u]n-td

a-u\n-i-c-=w A-]-I-S-In-co-Æ-an-b, ?-^-{o o = In±

-ua-L-t¿ i-\o-Ñm a-k t]-Ço-%-Á ?-^n-æ-c-\n-b

tte-Zz-X-en-io-bn-b C-So-ao-Á²-u]n-td hynhyn=

AHm, hch|Xp tteZzXo%Hdyw 5õnabobn

WÅ. æ-xXowXow = DXm#w ÓXobn² Rº;tS

Ip±¿o, ewo o = Brio%è, ewo o = efIn efInÐv.v.

InInÐox Cox C±n.n.

6. a-6. a-Ôw

fo-en \x f-fo-en \x f-Ð-an õ-e,- --an õ-e,- -æ-±-jp-In h-c-h|-Xo-jp-In h-c-h|-Xo

-an uX -an uX Æ-ubn-a hw--ubn-a hw-Ê-fx.-fx. (E-uK|-Zw. 1. 113. 6)

---õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:- :- ui u5-a-c-h-a-bo-bn A-uÅ. \o-º³

R-º³-%m aw-K-j-In-co-Wo-bn-I-uW!. A-Å R-º

³-%m fn-Ðo-Æw h-an-[n-\-=w h-Zn-\íobnêw.

D-Xm#-w-æ-J-=w \o-Xy-an-b B-\-À-=w \-ío \o-tÂ

#-]n-Ê-wo-bo-ë-tS, H-co-Ð-êw HcoSKw e-Õo-X-cn-

In-Xo-co-Ðn° R-º³-%-I-ko-b-W-ua.

-a--a-Ôn±-Y So-Ã-Won±-Y So-Ã-Wo:-:- -h-c-h|-Xo -h-c-h|-Xo = ui uÝ-i-\o-[o-

bn-b A-uÅ, \x \x = R-º³-Ðn-bo, fo-e fo-e = aw-K-j-

5-Z, f- f-Ð-an -an == A-Xo-f-b-I-c-an-b fn-Ðo \-î-Á, æ

±-jp-I -jp-I = D-Xm#-w æ-J-Zn-bo-\o õ-eõ-e = õ-eo-Ð-t½, uXuX

= A-Å-Æ-tS, hw-hw-Ê-fx-fx = #-]n-Ê-wo-bn², an- an-Æ-ubn-a -ubn-a

= e-Õo-X-cn-In-Xo-co-Ð-t½.

7. a-7. a-Ôw w

¸-¸-^n-b X|w n-b X|w îeuh X|w a-ip-bn C-euh X|w a-ip-bn C-w-ub--ub-

-X|-a-cmY-ao-e X|-ao-ttXy. -eo-h--X|-a-cmY-ao-e X|-ao-ttXy. -eo-h-Ê-fn Pp-eo-Xn-õo-fn Pp-eo-Xn-õo

-5-N-u¸. D-gn A-Pp-K-cm -N-u¸. D-gn A-Pp-K-cm ¦-e-\n-\o eo-f|n..-e-\n-\o eo-f|n..

-(E-uK|-Zw. 1. 113. 6)

---õn-en±-Yw-õn-en±-Yw:-:--A-È-ubn D-gn-tb-uÃn-td 5-u_n-[-Zn-

bo-\o-bn-b A-uÅ! A-Å-Æ-tS 5o-b-h-Ðn-\-º³-

%m A-e-c-e-ç-tS Xn-+-cy¿o-Ìw I±-a-¿o-Ìw A-Ì-

h-c-W-an-bo 5-uXy-Iw 5-uXy-I 5-?-¿o-]-Yw

\-ío-bo-co-%-è. No-d-tc ¸-^o-b-cn-Ðo ]-To-Ão-

%-è. No-d±-%m A-Á õ-¸-Wn-Zo-I³ #-go tN-Ó

[-\-h-Än-Z-\-¿o-Ì-É e-ko-In-å-è. ue-tl No-d-tc

b-Ç-bn-Kn-Zo-I³ tN-Çn-Ìw tN-Ço-Ðn-Ì-®-É

~n-1-W-[±-aw ]-To-Ão-%-è. C-\o a-tÊn-ç ¹-½-tc

\o-c-Ð-cw bn-^ tN-Òm uh-e-I-?-¿o Pp-eo-X-d-¸y-

an-bo-Ð-1m Pp-eo-Ðn° ]-To-Ão-%-è. C-º-t\ eo-

õo-Á-ç-No-I-jn-b an-\-e h-°-i-t¿ ¨-ucn-ç-¿-ç-

tS-Æw A-õo-ç-No-Ð-Ì½-X-an-Æw ubn-Ky-X-Æ-Ì-h-

co-®w Çn-\w \-î-Á-Hm A-Å-Æ-tS D-]-uZ-f-an-üm.

-a--a-Ôn±-Y So-Ã-Won±-Y So-Ã-Wo:-:-- X|w- X|w= Nodtc, -- n-b n-b = - o-b

[±-a-¿o-\n-bo, [-e-uh -e-uh = A-Áw D-+n-Zo-Ão-Ðn-Ìw,

[-\-h-Än-Z-\-¿o-Ìw, a-ip-ttb C-a-ip-ttb C-w-ub-ub = g-i-Zm

b-Ç-bn-K-º³ tN-Çn-Ìw tN-Ço-Ðn-Ìw, A-cmYw A-cmYw

C-eC-e = ¼-ey-¿o--Ì h-an\-w, C-ttXy C-ttXy = \-S-¿o-Ão-\

n-bo, A-H-u]n-td eo heo hÊ-fw-fw = õo-Á-õo-Á, Pp-eo-Xn Pp-eo-Xn

A-õoA-õo = Pp-eo-I³-Ðn-bo Pp-eo-X-¿o-Ì-ue-¾o, 5-N-N-

u¸u¸ = 5-I-S-an-b Çn-\w \-î-Á-Xo-\n-bo D-gn D-gn =

D-Z-b ¼-cy-tÂ D-gn-tb-uÃn-td u_n-[-5-Zn-bo-\o-

bn-b A-uÅ! eo-f|n eo-f|n ¦-e-\n-e-\n = h-a-Ò-eo-f|-¿o-Ìw-

ue-¾o, A-Pp-KnA-Pp-Kn = D-]-uZ-f-=w an±-K-\o±-uË-f-=w

X-ç-è. -[-e-e= A-Áw, [-\w, \o-L. 2.7, 2.10, X|wX|w= IA±-Y-®-É Æ-³-Zm-Zm f-p-¿o-tÂ 5-Y-an-eo-õ-2o-

Æ-tS G-I-e-N-\-¿o² \o-èm õo-Á-an-b X|X| f-p-¿o-

tÂ Z|o-Xp-b- G-I-e-N-\-an-üm. A-Pp-KA-Pp-K= [ f-u f-up'd-Mmd-Mm', ', tte-Zo-I-tte-Zo-I-è-]w.-]w. (H-S--S-çw)w)

-h|-[-bo² eyn-]o-Ño-co-%-Á ~-1w X-]-õ H-S-©-uÄn³ h|-[ a-i-¿-¿-|-an-bo è-]wtIn-=-è.

Cv a-i-¿-¿|-¿o²\o-Án-Wm ]-co-Ño-Á-º-jn-b 5-#-Xo-Æ-tS C-X-c X-¿|-º-jn-eo±-õ-eo-%-Á-Xm.

~-1-t¿ io-c-Wy-K±-õw, 5-Pn-]-Xo ®-X-dn-b Y-W-º-;-tS B-[n-c-an-bo A-lo-Æ-Á-Hw Cv A-e-Ù-

bo-dn-Wm. Cv A-e-Ù-bo² an-^-an-Wm h-¿nu_n-[w B-Zy-an-bo d-õo-%-Á-Xm. A-ey-2w ey-2-an-

bo-¿p-ç-en° H-S-©-è. °-S²-a-¼o² ¼-cy°-u]n-td h-¿n-u_n-[w ?-ua-W ey-2-an-bo-e-ç-è.

D-Zo-®-e-ç-Á ¼-cy-t\ u\n-Ðo \o-ò-Á-bn-jo-tÂ ®°-e-fw Io-k-Ðm, C-S-H-e-fw e-S-Ðm, ]o°-e-fw ]-So-

¼n-lm, e-d-H-e-fw tX-Ðm F-Áo-º-t\ Zo-fn \o±-W-bw tN-Çn-c-É-Xm ¼-cy-tÂ-Æw B-jo-tÂÆw

A-u\yn-\yn-[n-cw \o-ao-¿-an-W-uÈn. ½-wo-Æ-tS Cv A-e-Ù-tb-bn-Wm eo-cn-Sm.


uUn. Fw.B±. cnuPgmuUn. Fw.B±. cnuPgm

-tte-Zo-I-hn-io-Xy-¿o-td G-Ê-=w 5-ho-ª-=w

G-tl N±-Ñ tN-Ç-tÃ-½o-å-É-H-an-b uZ-e-X-bn-Wm

'C-Þ°'. B-cy-\n-?-a-W ho-ªn-Ð-Ðn-tc hw-_-

áo-Ño-S-u¿n-jw 'C-Þ°' ¼n-eo-U-ç-tS uIn-½-I³

X-I±-¿ '-!-c-À-c'-Ì-an-Wm. tte-Zo-I f-p-º³-Ðm

uXn-Áo-b u]n-td A±-Qw ]-l-à-H-S-ºo-b-Xm

]n-Ln-Xy± tte-Zo-Ihn-io-Xyw 'tXn-å ]-u½-co'

B-Ðo-b-H ®-X-dn-ü-Xn-Ìw. A-á° A-á-t\

\-bo-%-é-te-Á a-½o² õn-c-X-¿o-td I-c-¿ hn-bo-

Ã-în-çw Cv B-f-bn-Z±-f-º³-Ðm 5n-®-Jyw \²-

!I-Æw tN-Ó. b-Yn±-Q-¿o² Cv C-Þ°

B-cn-Wm? -

N-H±-ue-Z-º-jo² C-Þ° eo-g-b-an-bo e-ç-Á

a-Ô-º-;-tS hw-Jy ?-a-¿o² Xn-tk F-?-Xnw

ueZw BtI CueZw BtI CÞ°

a aÔhwJy eogbanhwJy eogban!Á Á

a aÔº³º³

1. E-uK|-Zw 10552 2884-

-2. b-À±-ue-Zw 1975 193 -

3. -hn-a-ue-Zw- 1875 531

-4. A-Y±-e-ue-Zw 5987 810

BtI 20389 4418 BtI 20389 4418

-eo-õo-Á õn-gy-In-c-în± C-Þ-f-p-¿o-\m ey-Xy-Ò-

º-jn-b A±-Q-º³ \²-Io-bo-å-t¾-è-É-Xm f-co

X-tÁ-bn-Wm. F-Án² A-e-cn-çw X-tÁ õn-c-Xp-b

]n-c-Ä-cy-¿o-tÂ A-Xo-ç-I³ H-co-Ð-êw dw-Lo-

Ño-ç-Áo-È. C-Xo² \o-èw C-Þ-f-p-¿o-\m G-I-

an-b H-c±-Q-a-È D-É-tX-èw \n-\n-eo-[-¿o-ê-É

A±-Q-º-;-t¾-èw a-\-ôo-dn-Ðnw. bv-Ko-I-an-b

A±-Qw tF-f|-cy-fn-do A-Y-en f-2o-fn-do

F-Án-!-è. Cv bv-Ko-I-an-b A±-Q-¿o-Á-Ó-

l-¿m B-[yn-Zo-I-=w B-[o-ttZ-eo-I-=w B-[o-

õv-Xo-I-=-an-b eyn-Jyn-\-º-;w C-Þ-f-p-¿o-Ì-

¾m. F-Án² Cv A±-Q-º-jo-tdn-èw C-Þ°

tth-á-e-\n-K-co-I-X tI-½o-Ã-â-¿ ¼-ao-U-ç-tS

uIn-½-I³ X-I±-¿-e-\n-tW-Ám I-t¾-¿n-=-Á

H-èw X-tÁ-bo-È. \-®-Ðm Cv e-ko-bo² H-è h-Õ-

co-®-u\n-Ðnw.

-B-[yn-Zo-I-an-bo C-Þ-\m ]-c-an-Zn-em, Pp-en-

Zn-em, A-Ðx-I-c-Ww, 5n-W° F-tÁ-Ènw A±-Q-

®-¾m. B-[o-ttZ-eo-I-an-bo C-Þ-f-p-¿o-\m en-Æ,

eo-Zz-Xm, ¼-cy° F-èw A±-Qw ]-l-bnw. B-[o-

õv-Xo-I-an-bo cn-Pn-em, uh-\n-]-Xo F-Áp A±-Q-

º-;w C-Þ-Ì-t¾-Ám tte-Zo-I-hn-io-Xyw ]-co-ufn-

[o-Ñn-d-lo-bnw.-

-ue-Z-º-jo² C-Þ-hw-_-áo-I-jn-b uZ-e-K-W-

º-tj-%-lo-®w ]-cn-a±-f-®-¾m. C-Þ-en-Æ, C-Þn-lo,

C-Þn-e-ç-Wv H-S-ºo-b f-p-º-;w 5-ubn-Ko-®

In-Wnw. C-H In-Wo-%-Á-Xm eo-õo-Á uZ-e-X-I-;-

an-bo C-Þ-\m hw-_-á-®-t¾-Án-Wm. A-lo, eo-â,

e-ç-W°, en-Æ, uhn-a°, a-ç-Xm, g-i-à-Xo, A-Zo-

Xo, D-gn, Ð-gn F-Áp tte-Zo-I uZ-e-X-I-ujn-Sm

_-á-tÃ-åw C-Þ° C-co-%-è-t¾-Ám ue-Z-º-jo-

ë-tS I-uBn-So-Ñn-d-lo-bnw. ~n-1-W r-×-º-jo-

êw C-Þ-f-p-¿o-\m eo-Õ-X-an-b eyn-Jyn-\-®-¾m.

B-[yn-Zo-I-Ê-wo-bo² C-Þ-f-p-¿o-\m B-Zn-em,

~-1w, a-\-ôm, 5n-W°, en-Im, ep-cyw, uPyn-Xo

F-tÁn-tÐ A±-Qw ]-l-¼-Xm ~n-1-W-º-jo²

In-Wnw.

-]-c-tta-f|-cy-Æ-2-Ìw a-in-_-d-fn-do-Æ-an-b

C-Þ° B-cn-Wm? C-Þ° Dv±-Ã-an-tW-Ám \-®-Ðm

~n-1-Wn-Zo-I-jo² \o-Ám a-\-ôo-dn-Ðnw. eo-fn-d

-an-b C-Þ-è-]w ~-1-f-2o X-tÁ-bn-Wm. h-a-wo

-è-]-an-b ]-c-an-Zn-eo-t\-¿-tÁ-bn-Wm Cv-f|-c°,

Cv-f°, ç-¼°, fo-e°, eo-â H-S-ºo-b \n-a-º

-jo² eo-jo-%-Á-Xm. ~-1-t¿-%-lo-%-Á-Xn-Wm C-Þ-f-p-ta-Ám Iv-gp-X-Io ~n-1-Ww ]-l-Æ-è.-(1)

C-Þ° No-d 5-I-c-W-º-jo² Pp-en-Zn-en-!-é-te-

Ám In-fo-I-?-¿o-Æw A-wn-[yn-bo-Æw ]-l-Æ-è. (2)

-C-Þ° Dv±-Ã-uîn-X-ôn-Wm. a-Ì-gy-tÂ

B-Zo-I-=w an-\-ho-I-=w fn-cp-co-I-=-an-b f-2o-

B-cy-\n-B-cy-\n-??-a-WIncobnb C-a-WIncobnb CÞÞ°°


uîn-X-ôn-Wm ?-a-¿o² a-\-õw, 5n-W-Ìw, en-

%w. A-Xo-Án² ~n-1-W r-×-º-jo² a-\-ôo-

t\-Æw 5n-W-u\-Æw en-Ðo-u\-Æ-tan-tÐ C-Þ-\n-

bo eyn-Jyn-\o-Ðn-c-¾m. Cv °-èw uN-ç-uÄn-kn-Wm

a-Ì-gy-tÂ h-a-r-eo-In-hw D-¾n-!-Á-Xm. a-\-ôm

a-\-\ No-Ð-\-f-2o \²-!-è. 5n-W-\n-I-t½ f-cp-

c-¿o-Ìw B-Zn-eo-Ìw f-2o \²-!-è. 5n-W-\n-

I-t½ f-cp-c-¿o-Ìw B-Zn-eo-Ìw f-2o \²-!-è.

en-2-¿|w ¼-K-è-]-¿o² Çn-\w, e-ªo,

uN-X-\ F-Áo-e-Æm f-2o 5-Zn-\w tN-å-è. eo-Nn-

c-º-tj h-Ñ-do-X-=w !-w-=w eo-In-h-Ð±-W-=-an-

%-Á-Xm en-2-¿|-an-Wm. A-Xo-\n² a-\-ôo-u\-

Æw 5n-W-u\-Æw en-Ðo-u\-Æw C-Þ-\n-bo ~n-1-

W-º³ eyn-Jyn-\o-%-è.-(3) f-X-]-Y ~n-1-W-

¿o-êw ttX-¿p-co-b ~n-1-W-¿o-êw C-Þ°

ep-cy-an-tW-Ám ]-l-Æ-è-¾m. ep-cyw X-tÁ-bn-Wm

uc-X-õw I-B-=w. \nw I-ko-%-Á uõn-P-\-¿o-tÂ

c-h-õn-K-an-bo-¿p-ç-Á-Xo-tÂ \-tÈn-ç Aw-fw

ep-cy-an-bn-Wm an-c-Á-Xm. B-Æ±-ue-Z-¿o² ep-cy-

t¿-bn-Wm Hn-P-tô-Ám eo-jo-%-Á-tX-Ám eo-ê-co-

Ð-ç-Xm. an-\-e-f-2o-Æ-tS uîn-X-ôm ep-cy-an-!-è.

ep-cy-an-Wm f-cp-c-¿o² Dv±-Ãw, _-dw, uX-P-ôm

F-Áo-e D-¾n-!-Á-Xm C-H-X-tÁ-bn-Wm B-Z-h|-

è-]-=w. ep-cy-hw-c-¸-W-an-Wm B-Z-f-2o-tb

e±-ªo-Ão-%-Á-tX-Ám E-go-an-çw ]-l-Æ-è. ep-cyw

¸-bo-%-uÄn³ _-dw, uX-P-ôm F-Áo-e-Æ-tS A-õn-

e-®-¾n-!w. A-Xo-\n² ep-cyw, uc-X-ôm F-Áo-e

C-Þ-\n-tW-Ám ~n-1-W-º³ ]-l-Æ-è.-(4) Iv-gp-

X-Io ~n-1-W-¿o² C-Þ° uPyn-Xox h|-è-]-

\n-tW-è ]-l-Æ-è-¾m.-(5) uPyn-Xo-bn-Wm C-Þ°.

eo-Zz-Xm H-S-ºo-b-e-bo² 5-In-fo-%-Á-Xm Cv

uPyn-Xo-bn-Wm. B 5-In-fw C-Þ-\n-tW-Án-Wm

~n-1-Wn-Zo-I³ ]-l-Æ-Á-Xm. A-Xn-b-Xm a-Ì-gy-co-

ê-É Çn-\-uPyn-Xo A-Y-en Çn-\-5-In-f-=w

an-\-ho-I f-2o-Æ-tS è-c-W-=w C-Þ-\n-!-é-te-

Ám hn-cw.

-f-X-]-Y ~n-1-W-¿o² h±-F-uZ-e-a-b-\n-

Wm C-Þ-t\-Ám ]-l-Æ-è-¾m.-(6) A-Xn-b-Xm uX-P-ôm,

_-dw, f-2o F-Áo-e-tbn-tÐ uZ-e-X-tb-è eo-jo-

Ðnw. uX-P-õw _-d-=w f-2o-Æw F-eo-tS-Æ-u¾n

A-Xm uZ-e-X|-an-!-è. f-2o, uX-P-ôm F-Áo-e-Æ-tS

A-]-c \n-aw X-tÁ-bn-Wm C-Þ-t\-è hn-cw. In-c-

Ww C-Þ-\n-Wm Cv uZ-e-X-I³-Ðm Cv-Ê-f-f-2o

h-Ån-\o-%-Á-Xm.

-\n-dm ue-Z-º-jo² C-Þ-h|-è-]w Cv A±-

Q-X-d-º-jo² eo-eo-[-è-]-¿o² e±-Wo-Ñ-Xn-

bo In-Wnw. "C-Þ° N-?-e±-¿o-bn-Wm, Zz-udn-

I-¿o-tÂ-Æw ¨-udn-I-¿o-uÂ-Æw fn-h-I-\n-Wm.

uX-uPn-a-b-\n-Wm, N-cn-N-c-º-;-tS h|n-ao-bn-Wm.

uPyn-Xo-ôo-t\ 5-Zn-\w tN-å-Á-e-\n-Wm. ¼-cy-h|-

è-]-\n-Wm. ao-^°, e-ç-W°, h-eo-Xn H-S-ºo-b

uZ-e-X-I³-tÐ-Ènw C-Þ-tÂ h|-è-]-an-Wm. C-Þ°

h-Ñ-cn-fo-bn-Wm. ¼-cy-tÂ P-î-In-c-I-\n-Wm. e-ç-

W-t\ fn-ho-® \o-c-K-Á-e-\n-Wm. C-Þ-Ì-an-bo

h±--e-uZ-e-X-I³-%w hw-_-á-®-¾m. f-2o-Æ-2w

A-Ñ-S-Ð-t¿ 5-Zn-\w tN-å-Á cn-Pn-en-Wm C-Þ°.

B C-Þ-t\ õ-b-Án-Wm ¼-cy-N-Þn-Zo-I³ \o-b-ao-X

è-]-¿o² X-º-;-tS Á-a-X-d-I³ \o±eio-%-

Á-Xm.'' C-º-t\-Æ-É C-Þ° h±-e-f-2o-an-\n-b

]-c-an-Zn-e-tÈ-¹o² ]o-tÁ-Ðn-Wm? -(H-S-çw)

tte-Zo-I cn-tte-Zo-I cn-{-Kp-Xw---Kp-Xw---(bÀ±ueZw 22.22)--

-Hnw B Hnw B ~-1° ° ~n-n-1-uWn -uWn ~-1-e-cmN-hp- Pn-b-Xn-an- --e-cmN-hp- Pn-b-Xn-an- -

-cn-gmu-cn-gmuç cn-P-\yx cn-P-\yx J-c--c- C-g-ueyn C-g-ueyn Xo-eyn-[p- a-in-c-uYn Xo-eyn-[p- a-in-c-uYn

-Pn-b-Xnw uZn-Km-Pn-b-Xnw uZn-KmÉp -u[-p -u[-Ì-cmuen-Vn\-S|n\n--cmuen-Vn\-S|n\n-Ix h-x h-Ñox ox !-c--c-áo-o-

ucyn-gn Po-ucyn-gn Po-ã c-uY- c-uY-~nx h-uõ-ubn nx h-uõ-ubn Æ-en-hy- -b-Pan-\-hy ep-ucn-en-hy- -b-Pan-\-hy ep-ucn

Pn-b-Xn-am. \o-In-ua\o-In-ua \x ]-cmP-u\yn -e-cmg-Pn-b-Xn-am. \o-In-ua\o-In-ua \x ]-cmP-u\yn -e-cmg-H

^-d-e-uXyn \ ^-d-e-uXyn \ Hn-g-[-bx ]-Ny- Hn-g-[-bx ]-Ny-Ðn-am -ubn-K-u¸-uan \x I-n-am -ubn-K-u¸-uan \x I-+-Xn-am. -Xn-am.

-ui Cv-f|-cn, R-º-;-tS cn-{-¿o² õ-c-Wn-[o-In-co-I-jn-b ~n-1-W± Çn-\uX-P-ôo-\n²

Ð±-W-cn-I-t½. ]-S-bn-jo-I-jn-b ¸-^o-b± J-c-çw a-in-c-Yo-I-;w D-¿-a-f-Ö-º-;-É-e-ç-

an-I-t½. \-½-tS cn-{-¿o² ]-I-Ð³ ]n-tdn-?-%-Á-e-Æw In-j-I³ ®-q-É-e-Æw !-Xo-c

-I³ f-2o-ub-lo-b-e-Æ-an-I-t½. Öp-I³ eo-È-go-I-jn-e-t½. A-[|n-\o-%-Á-e-ç-tS a-Ð³ eo-Po-Kp-i-I-;w h-õ-I-jo² 5-ufn-õo-%-Á-e-ç-an-I-Ww. In-d-¿o-\-Ì-h-co-Ñm ue-¾-uÃn³ a-k t]-Ç-t½.

?-¸-d-Xn-Zo-I³ ^-d-!-¦-º-j-Wo-b-t½. \-®-Ðm u[-b-¾-c-an-b ubn-K-u¸-aw \-S-Ão-dn-I-t½.


a-i±-go Z-bn-\-Àa-i±-go Z-bn-\-ÀÌan-bo an-bo A-A-W-X-I-c-an-b hn-ay-w-X-I-c-an-b hn-ay-w

-t-t5n-^. B±. uKn-]o-a-Wo, Xo-n-^. B±. uKn-]o-a-Wo, Xo-ç-e-\--e-\-Ð-!-cw-cw

-B±-g-\n-Z-¿o-tÂ G-Ê-=w H-â-eo-d-t¿ d-Ð-

¿o² (479, ta-bm 10) a-i±-go-Z-bn-\-À-t\ D-ª-

co-®-tIn-¾m 'Z±-f-\-fn-Ö-º³-Ð-È ]-c-à-c-tte-

ç-ªyw' F-Á ®-J-ud-J-\w en-bo-Ñ-uÃn³ Î

I-t¿-?-X-W-ta-èm uXn-Áo. Î ud-J-I-Ìm ue-Z-

º-tj-Ã-Êo u\-co-å-É A-lo-ten-è-ao-È. a-in-cn-{-

bo-td e-uÊ-f|-co B-[-a-¿o² \o-èm ue-Zn-[y-

b-\w \-S-¿o--b h|n-ao X-¹-Zn-æ-an-Æ-É Zp±-L-_-

á-¿o² \o-Án-üm ud-J-I-Ìm ]-co-ao-X-an-b No-d

A-lo-=-I³ ue-Z-t¿-Ã-Êo u\-Sn-\n-b-Hm. A-So-Ùn-

\-]-c-an-bo Î ud-J-I° H-ç fn-Ö-Ç-\n-üm.

B-¿-\o-I-=w D-¿-cn-¿-\o-I-=-an-b õv-Xo-I-fn-Ö

I-t¾-¿-ê-I-tj ]o°-H-S-ç-Á H-cn-tj-Á \o-d-

bo² a-i±-go Z-bn-\-À° ®-uÁn-å e-Í-Á No-d

B-f-b-º³-%m B-¿-\o-I õv-Xo-I fn-Ö-¿o-tÂ

I-t¾-¿-ê-I-;-an-bo A-W-X-I-c-an-b hn-ay-®-t¾-

èm ]-l-bn° h-uÐn-g-®-1m.

'½-wo F-Á en-Ðo-tÂ A±-Yw hw-ubn-K-

ta-Án-tW-èw !-l-¼-Xm c-¾m e-Ó-Ð-;-tS hw-

ubn-K-®-t¾-¹o-ud ½-wo-Æ-¾n-!-è->' F-èw

Z-bn-\-À° ]-l-Æ-Á-Hm õv-Xo-I-fn-Ö-¿o-td G-Ê-

=w !-Xo-b No-d A-lo-=-I-;-an-bo h-a-c-h-tÃ-â-Á

H-Án-üm. 'A-\n-Zo-X-¿|-º-tj H-Áo-ê-l-Ão-%-I

F-Á _n-[y-X ue-Zn-Ðo-I³-Ðm an-^-an-üm'

F-èw 'C-eo-tS hw-õ-eo-Ñ-Xm B-lm Zn±-f-\o-I

]-ª-Xo-I-;w A-e-c-e-ç-tS eo-g-b-K-ue-g-W-º-

jo² D-l-®-u]n-b-uÃn³ fn-Ö-¿o-tÂ h-a-r-Z±-

f-\-t¿ A-e± ttI-te-So-à-te-èw' a-i±-go

Z-bn-\-À° ]-l-Æ-uÄn³ A-Xo² B-¿-\o-I-fn-Ö-¿o-tÂ f-p-an-üm \nw uI³-%-Á-Hm. 5-]-Õ-¿o-tÂ D-V-e-t¿-%-lo-®w ¼-ey-¿o-tÂ 'h-¿'

tb-%-lo-®w B-¿-\o-I õv-Xo-I-fn-Ö-¿o-tÂ In-G-

Ãn-â-I³ F-tÐ-èm \-®-Ðm hw-¸o-Ñ-an-bo H-è

]-co-ufn-[o-Ðnw.

-5-]--]-Õw F-º-t\-w F-º-t\-Æ-¾n-bo?-¾n-bo?

-B-¿-\o-I õv-Xo-I fn-Öw ]-l-Æ-Á-Hm 1370 uIn-So

e±-g-º³-%m ®-Äm Î a-in-5-]-Õw H-ç

'_o-Û'eo² \o-èw (B-#-Xo-Æw A-j-=w C-Èn-

¿ H-ç õn-e-\nuI-Þ-t¿-bn-üm C-eo-tS '_o-Û'

F-èm eo-jo-%-Á-Hm) a-in-uçn-S-\-¿o-ë-tS hw-

½-w-an-tb-Án-üm! 5-]-Õn-cw-õ-t¿-%-lo-®-É

Î '_o-Km_n-ºm' ho-ªn-Ð-¿o-Ìm tX-jo-=-I³

in-P-cn-Ðo-b-Xo-Ìm '\n-h'bo-td B-uÏn-ô-ho-

hmÊm B-b uPn® ho. ua-¿-lo-Ìw In-do-u^n±-

Wo-b Ç-Wo-ue-ûo-Êo-bo-td ô-ho-Om t5n-^-h-

ln-b uPn±-Pm F-^m. ì-½o-Ìw hw-Æ-2-an-bo ô-ho-

Oo-Ì-É u\n-_² h-Ån-\w \-ío-b-Xm 2006 ²

an-^-an-tW-uÁn±-%-I! A-Xo-\±-Yw 5-]-Õw

J-\y-X-bo² \o-èw ½-wo-Ð-tÃ-½ H-Án-tW-Á

'½-wo-en-Zw' C-uÃn³ B-¿-\o-I fn-Ö-¿o-Ìw

u_n-[y-tÃ-å-te-ÁuÈ! B-Zo-bo² tti-%-P°

-u]n-ê-É en-X-I-º³ D-¾n-!w ®-Ù-É 5-]-uÕn

-V-e hw-õ-e-º-tj-Ã-Êo ]-To-Ðn-\n-Wm fnÖ-

Ç± C-uÃn³ B-Zo-bo-td 'ttZ-e-I-W'º-tj-Ã-Êo-

Æ-É ]-T-\-º-jo² ®-?-!-Á-Xm. A-Xo-tÂ ^-dw \

nw uI³-Ðn-\o-co-%-Á-uX-Æ->. X-ñn-dw \-®-Ðm

tti-%-P° en-X-I-¿o-tÂ D-V-e-In-d-K-\o-èm

H-S-ºnw. Î 'B-Zo-a-e-Ó' D-¾n-b \o-ao-gw X-tÁ

A-Xo-\o-co-Ðn-\n-e-fy-an-b Ù-d-=w ]o-tÁ A-Xo-

tÂ ']-k-Ð't¿ ¼-No-Ão-Ðn-Ì-É G-I-I-an-bo

'In-dw' F-Á 5-Xo-õn-h-=w D-S-td-â-K. C-Xo-Ì-

uf-gw G-Xn-¾m 920 uIn-So e±-g-º³ I-ko-¼-

uÃn-kn-üm ¼-cy-tÂ C-c-½o-bo-d-[o-Iw e-do-Ã-®-É

\-¸-^-º³ '¼-Ã± u\n-e' I-jn-bo t]n-½o-t¿-lo-

Ñ-Xm. A-uÃn-kn-üm A-u\-Iw °-d-I-º³ A-S-ºo-b

¨-ao-tb-uÃn-ê-É r-i-º³ \-¸-^-À-jo-bo² \o-

èw Ï-lo-&-So-Æ-¾n-b-Xm. A-Xo-tdn-Án-W-m \nw

C-Á-[o-e-ho-%-Á Î '¨-ao'. ¼-cy-t\-uÃn-ê-É

H-ç \-¸-^-¿o-tÂ hn-ap-]y-¿o² h|-bw Xo-co-

àw ¼-cy-t\ e-dw e-®w A-Xm A-u\-I uIn-So-

e±-gw H-ç 'uIn-êo-Im' ]-co-Wn-a-¿o-Ì-eo-u[-b-an-

b-uÃn³ uXn-cn-¿ e±-g-]n-X-º³ D-¾n-I-Æw

A-tXn-do-Ño-l-ºo ®-Áo² c-¾m õn-Kw a-in-h-®-¼-

º-jn-bo ]-co-W-ao-Ð-Æw tN-Ó. °-d-I-º-;-tS H-ç

hn-Þ-dn-b-\o-bn-bo-ç-Á B-Zo-a-h-®-¼w I-c-Íw

I-S-do-Ìw C-S-bo-td ]n-l-tÐ-å-I-jo² X-½o-Ño-X-

lo-b-uÃn³ Pp-e-tÂ B-Zy X-în-^-I³ D-¾n-=-

I-Æw A-e-¹-So-uÑ±-èm B-Zyw ¼-K-Pp-eo-I-;w

]o-Áp-Sm ']n-b²' u]n-ê-É 5n-#-X h-hy-è-]-º-

;w H-â-eo² C-Ám In-W-tÃ-â-Á h-I-d Pp-eo-e±-K-

º-;w D-S-td-â-K. C-Xn-üm ½-wo-tb-Ã-Êo-Æ-j-j fn-

Ö-¿o-tÂ In-G-Ãn-Sm.

-C-eo-tS \-½-tS h-eo-uf-g-an-b [-ª ]-Xo-


ub-¾ H-ç In-cyw I-ª-J-\y-X-bo²-\o-èw F-º-

t\-bn-üm e-Ó-Ð-;w A-e-Æo-co-Ðn-\n-e-fy-an-b

'Ù-d'=w A-e-Æ-tS ']-k-Ðw' \o±-W-bo-Ð-tÃ-

â-Á 'In-d'=w D-¾n-b-Xm F-Á-Xn-üm. A-Ð-cp-¸-

¿o² \o-èw 'õ-êw' ½-wo-%-Á 'hn-bo-_n-_-tb'

A-eo-f|-ho-Ñ fn-Ö-Ç-\m Î 'a-in-5-]-Õw'

u]n-êw A-º-t\-bn-ü-¾n-b-tX-èm ]-l-ub-¾o

e-ç-Á Pn-jy-X-Æ-¾-tÈn! A-Xo-t\ fn-Ö-Ç°

C-uÃn³ u\-co-â-Á-tX-º-t\-tb-Ám C-Ám udn-I-

¿m Pp-eo-Ño-co-%-Á õv-Xo-I-fn-Ö-Ç-co² G-Ê-

=w A-r-K-Wy-t\-èm G-e-çw eo-d-bo-ç-K-Á

t5n-^-h± hmÊp-^° uin-Ðo-ºm (C-uÃn-?w A-uË-

iw Inw-~p-UmPm Ç-Wo-ue-ûo-Êo-bo-td '\{-½® tN-

b±' A-d-¹-co-%-Á K-Wo-X-fn-Ö t5n-^-h-l-t^!)

F-?-Xo-b udn-I 5-f-Ò-an-b 'G ~p^m iohmÊlo

¨^m ttSw' F-Á r-×-¿o-td H-ç J-7o-I C-eo-

tS ]-I±-¿o eo-e-co-Ðnw:

1986 ² 5-ho-ªp-I-co-Ñ _°Êw eOm \{ubn

±ÐotÂ H-Ánw F-Uo-g-\o² 136-nw !-l-¿m a-in-

uçn-S-\ ho-ªn-Ðw eo-e-co-%-Á õn-K-¿n-üm

5-]-Õ ½-wo-Æ-tS 5-ui-jo-I ey-2-an-%-Á Î

J-7o-I tIn-â-¿o-å-É-Xm.

"1370 uIn-So-e±-gw ®-Äm I-ª-J-\y-X-bo²

\o-Án-üm Î 5-]-Õw 't]n-â-Á--t\' D-¾n-b-tX-

Án-tW-¹o² 'A-Xo g-i-¿n-b Î e-Ó-h-Õ-

bw ®-?-e° A-Xo-Ì-®-Äm F-eo-tS-bn-bo-ç-è' F-Á

H-ç hw-f-bw \o-º³-%-¾n-Io-tÈ? A-Xo-Ì-É

D-¿-cw C-Xn-üm:

I|n-¾w Xo-b-lo A-Ì-h-co-Ñm Ï±-P-¿o²

\o-èw e-Ó-I-W-º³ D-¾n-Inw. A-e-bn-I-t½

I-W-º³/5-Xo-I-W-º³ F-Á cp-Xo-bo² C-c-

½-I-jn-bo-½n-üm D-¾n-!-Á-Xm. A-uÃn³ e-Ó-

Ð³-tÐ-Ènw In-c-W-¨-X-an-b B Ï±-Pw ®-?-

e° F-eo-tS-\o-èw e-è-te-Án-!w \o-º-;-tS

uNn-Zyw. A-uÈ? A-Xo-Ì-É D-¿-cw e-j-tc d-jo-

X-an-üm. 5n-]-Õ \o±-ao-Xo-%-É B Ï±-P-h-

Õ-bw F-©-\o-èw e-uc-¾-Xo-È! In-c-Ww, A-º-

t\-tbn-ç [-\n-Z-I Ï±-Pw C-uÃn-?w C-eo-So-

tÈ-Á-Xn-üm h-Xyw. F-Ñ-tIn-t¾-Án², Î

5-]-Õ-¿o-td h-I-d-e-Ó-Ð³-%w B-[n-c-an-b

A-Ê Ï±-P-¿o-tÂ A-j-em te-cw Ð-Py-an-tW-

èm \-®-Ðm F-;-Ã-¿o² tX-jo-bo-Ðn° I-ko-Æw.

5-uXy-Io-Ñm H-ç K-Wo-X-Ç-\m!

-5-]-Õ-¿o-\n-[n-c-an-b c-¾m A-So-Ùn-\

Ï±-P-º-jn-üm A-ü-f-2o-Æw Y-ç-X|n-I±-g-W

_-d-=w. C-e-bo² 5-]-Õ-e-Ó-Ð³-Ðn-[n-c-

an-b Ï±-Pw [-\n-Z-I-an-b A-ü-f-2o-b-t^.

F-Án² Î [-\n-Z-I A-ü-uI-Þ Ï±-P-t¿

\o-d-Æm \o-c-K-Á-Hm 5-]-Õ-an-tI eyn-]o-Ño-

å-É Y-ç-X|n-I±-g-W _-d-a-t^. A-Xn-I-t½,

\{-½-tÂ \o-b-a-a-Ì-h-co-Ñm X-tÁ E-Wn-Z-I-an-b

H-Án-üm. In-c-Ww, c-¾m e-Ó-Ð³ A-â-¿o-co-%-

uÄn³ A-e X-Åo-ê-É Y-ç-X|n-I±-g-Ww ¹-â-X-

êw, A-I-Áo-co-%-uÄn³ !-l-=-an-üm. 5-Xo-udn-a-

]-c-an-b Î _-áw E-Wn-Z-I-h|-õn-e-t¿-bn-

üm ¼-No-Ão-%-Á-Hm. 5-]-Õ-¿o-ê-S-\p-jw Î

c-¾m _-d-º-;w (A-ü-f-2o-Æw Y-ç-X|n-I±-g-

W-f-2o-Æw) H-dy A-j-eo² In-W-tÃ-â-Á-Xo-

\n² A-e ]-c-à-cw \o±-ep-cy-an-Ð-tÃ-â-è-¾m.

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In-Wn-Ì-É-e-Æw. [-ey-In-ey-º-jo² cn-acn-e-W-Æ-ª-=w !-ç-u¸-^- Æ-ª-=w a-ew eo-Ò-co-® e±-Wo-

Ño-co-%w. A-H en-bo-Ñn² Æ-ªw In-ü-I-Æw Æ-ª-¿o-ê-¾n-In-=-Á f-p-º³ uI³-%-I-Æw tN-å-Á

A-Ì-¨-Xo-Æ-¾n-!w. F-Án² C-e \n-S-I-an-Ðo-bn² cw-K-¿m Æ-ªw \-S-%-I-ubn, A-Wo-b-l-bo²

\o-Ám eo-f-Z-an-bo e±-Wo-%-I-ubn-bo-È. Cv \n-Sy-[±-aw b-Çp-b\n-S-I-º-jo-êw ]n-do-Ð-Ww.


(H-S--S-çw)w)

.......††.......CXoinhIYn]nCXoinhIYn]n^\nauInfw\nauInfw

hÄnZIhÄnZI - - [paXo. ueZcpaXo. ueZcWo

1. A-Xo-b-a° 1. A-Xo-b-a° -- ¾-À-\m e-ç-W° \-ío-b H-ç

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2. A-Xo-c-Y° 2. A-Xo-c-Y° - !-ç-ew-f-¿o-td a-Xo-\n-c°

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C-ç-jo-dn-¾ udn-I-t¿ ¼-cy-N-Þ-în-cn-bo 5-In

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bw 38-nw u^n-Iw)-

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-C-Þ-t\ I-t¾-¿o h|±-K-udn-I-u¿-Ðm B-\-

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ue-Z-a-Ôw-tIn-1m Ó-Xo-®. h-Ñ-w-\n-b C-Þ°

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15. A-Y±-en-em 15. A-Y±-en-em - H-c-lo-

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16. A-Y±-en-em 16. A-Y±-en-em - fo-e-tÂ H-ç ]-cyn-bw-


bw 91-nw u^n-Iw)

bÀcmueZõngnõngyw eocmueZõngnõngyw eoÈc\pXo FÁoe Ac\pXo FÁoe Aâ¿dÐ¿o² ¿dÐ¿o² HSçw.w.

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æõngoXhnKcwõngoXhnKcwh-Än-Z-I°: i-co-h-Än-Z-I°: i-co-#-á-õn-c-Xo-õn-c-Xo-

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-eo-]-uZn tt\-e eo-]-Zx-eo-]-uZn tt\-e eo-]-Zx

-hw-]-uZn tt\-e hw-]-Zx-hw-]-uZn tt\-e hw-]-Zx

-eo-]-Z|o--eo-]-Z|o-ê-c-Ww eo-u-c-Ww eo-uánxnx

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-A±-Yw-A±-Yw:-:- \nw In-ü-Á B-]-K-I³ B-]-K-

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\-®-Ðm B-]-Km e-cnw. C-e-tbn-èw hw-õ-eo-

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ua[n¼2wh-Z-h-h-Z-h-à-Xo-a-Zm-Xo-a-Zm¦-Xw -Xw 5o-b-ao-o-b-ao-Þ-hy -In-ay-am. h-\ow ua-[n-a-bn-ho-g-Mm h|n-in.-. --hy -In-ay-am. h-\ow ua-[n-a-bn-ho-g-Mm h|n-in.-. -

bnw ua-[nw uZ-e-K-Wnx ]o-X-c-ubnw ua-[nw uZ-e-K-Wnx ]o-X-c-uLn-]n-h-uX. -X-bn- an-a-Zy ua-[-bn-un-]n-h-uX. -X-bn- an-a-Zy ua-[-bn-ul ua-[n-eo-\w ua-[n-eo-\w !-ç h|n-in..- - h|n-in..- -

ua-[nw ua e-ua-[nw ua e-ç-uWn Z-Zn--uWn Z-Zn-H ua-[n-a- ua-[n-a-lox ox 5-Pn-]-Xox. -ua-[n-ao--Pn-]-Xox. -ua-[n-ao-Þ-L en- en-Æ-L ua-[nw [n-Xn Z-Zn- ua-[nw [n-Xn Z-Zn-H ua h|n-in.- - ua h|n-in.- -

C-Zw ua C-Zw ua ~-1 N ¸- N ¸-^w uNn-uõ w uNn-uõ [o-b-a-o-b-a-U-Xn-am. -a-bo uZ-en Z-[--Xn-am. -a-bo uZ-en Z-[-H [o-b-o-b-®-¿-anw X-tthy- uX h|n-in.- --¿-anw X-tthy- uX h|n-in.- -

-A±-Yw:-ô-A±-Yw:-ô Pp-en-Zn-eo-tÂ 5o-b-ao-^-=w A-õo-In-ay-Ìw A-Zm¦-X-=w eo-f|-]-Xo-Æ-an-b Cv-f|-c-u\n-Sm

ubn-Ky-an-b D-]-uõn-K-¿o-Ì-ue-¾o D-¿-a-e-ªo-Ðn-bo bn-No-%-è. Rn° F-tÂ h|n±-Y-º-tj

Xy-Po-%-è.- -G-Xm ua-[n-Æ-2-an-b e-ªo-tb eo-Z|n-în-çw hw-Ð-Py-çw D-]n-ho-%-è-uen 5-In-f-

!-Ý-an-b A-ul! A-¿-cw ua-[n-f-2o-bn² F-tÁ e-ªo-an-\n-Ðo-bn-êw.- -u[-~-\n-b Cv-f|-c°

F-\o-Ðm D-¿-a-e-ªo \-í-t½. 5-Pn-]n-d-I-\n-b A-e° F-\o-Ðm D-¿-a-e-ªo \²-I-t½. ]-c-tta-f|-cy-

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-A-Á-]-Xo-bn-b Cv-f|-cn! ucn-K-c-io-X-=w _-d-e±-ª-I-=w B-b A-Á-¿o-t\ -

R-º³-Ðn-bo \ío-bn-êw. A-Xo-t\ e±-ªo-Ão-Ñn-êw.

R-º-;-tS h-in-bo-I-jn-b a-Ì-gy±-%w

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u^n-I-]-co-N-bwn-I-]-co-N-bw\nb± \nb± æucucÞ\nYm\nYm

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Xyw), B-Vy°B-Vy° = [-\-en°, D±-D±-Fp-[-e°p-[-e° = N-?-e±-¿o

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-¿otÂ ®-?-e° A-[o-]-Xo-bn-In° B-r-io-%-

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5n-W-Xyn-uK, A-a-cw), J-á = A-Xy-[o-I-an-b

B-f, Zn-iw

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Pn-eo-Ì N-?-e±-¿o-bn-In° B-f, N-?-e±-¿o-

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A-Ðyw-e-tc-Æw æ-uJn-]-¦-2o-bo² ®-?-!-è. B-f

-bn-!-Á ]n-f-¿n² F-Èn-e-çw _-áo-X-cn-tW-Á

Ð-Ðn-\-e-N-\-=w, D-c-K-r-Ù-\n-bo-a-c-W-e-6¿o-

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5656 Printed and published by Printed and published by N. Vedaprakash, N. Vedaprakash, Dayananda Bhavan, Narendrabhooshan road, Chengannur 689 121,Dayananda Bhavan, Narendrabhooshan road, Chengannur 689 121, owned by owned by N. Vedaprakash, N. Vedaprakash, Dayananda Bhavan, Chengannur 689 121Dayananda Bhavan, Chengannur 689 121 andand Printed at Printed at Amrita Bharathi Press, Chengannur Amrita Bharathi Press, Chengannur 689121,689121, Kerala Kerala and published atand published at Dayananda Bhavan, Narendrabhooshan road, Chengannur 689 121 Kerala.Dayananda Bhavan, Narendrabhooshan road, Chengannur 689 121 Kerala. Editor : Kamala Narendrabhooshan. Editor : Kamala Narendrabhooshan.

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18 D]\og¿mIYI³ (Uo.ho.eOm) ---------------- 30.00

19 Radical Variation ------------------------------------- 25.00

1 Ambedkar Veda & Origin of Caste --------------- 270.00

Zbn\Àõe\w \ucÞ¨g®ulnUm tNºé± 689121 uIcjwu^n® 0479 2452636 9446314343www.arshanadam.org e-mail : [email protected]

Zbenbo [ªoÑnêwB±-g-\n-Ze-co-hw-Jy, r-×-eo-d, hw-õn-e-\ C-e u$-Êm _n-¹m Hn-^m çn-e°-¹-lotÂ GXm fnJboêw ASÆnw. ]-Ww AS-Ñuf-gw eoecw Alobo% Áe±Ðm A-â-¿ 5-?-¿o- Zo-e-hw !-Ò-I-º³ h|-In-cy -X-]n-do--udn, X-]n-do--udn A-b-Í-Á-Xn-Wm. (eco-hw-Jy a-Wo-ubn-U± e-ko 12/-- è-]-Íw, _n-¹m e-ko 6/-- è-]-Íw A-b-Æ-nw.-)

-_n-¹o² \²-uI-¾ eo-e-c-º³

State Bank Of Trvancore, ChengannurS.B. A/c - 57030732684

N. Vedaprakash, Saraswathi Vaidika GurukulamFor internet transfer :

IFSE CODE - SBTR0000085 MICR CODE - 689009052

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Arshanadam Malayalam MonthlyThe only vedic-philosophical journal in malayalamVol - 39 No - 10 2013 JUNE 10

Regd. News Paper 20060/70 INDIAPostal Registration No KL/TLA/3/2012-14

WPP No: KL/TLA/WPP/137/2012-14

Single Copy ` 20/- Annual Subscription ` 240/-

POSTED AT THIRUVALLA RMS

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arshanadam 480

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