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Written in Bones

Studies on technological

and social contexts

of past faunal skeletal remains

edited by

Justyna Baron

Bernadeta Kufel-Diakowska

Instytut Archeologii

,167,787(2)$5&+$(2/2*

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Methods and methodology

6WHYHQ3$VKEyThe Language of the Combmaker: interpreting complexity in Viking-Age Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

(OLVDEHWK$6WRQeThe Role of Ethnographic Museum Collections in Understanding Bone Tool Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Materials and technology

$OLQH$YHUERXK-HDQ0DUF3pWLOORn,GHQWLFDWLRQRIGHELWDJHE\IUDFWXUDWLRQRQUHLQGHHUDQWOHUFDVHVWXG\RIWKH%DGHJRXOLDQOHYHOV at the Cuzoul de Vers (Lot, France) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %iUEDUD$YH]XHOD$ULVWX(VWHEDQOYDUH])HUQiQGH]-HV~V-RUGi3DUGR(PLOLR$XUD7RUWRVaThe barnacles: A new species used to make a Gravettian suspended object from Nerja Cave (Mlaga, Spain) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

%HQMDPLQ0DUTXHELHOOeMesolithic bone tools in Southwestern Europe: the example of the French site RI/H&X]RXO GH*UDPDW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Stefan PratscKMesolithic antler artefacts in the North European Plain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Marcin Diakowski

Bone and antler artefacts from Pobiel 10, Lower Silesia, Poland. Are they really Mesolithic? . . . . . . 93

6HOHQD9LWH]RYLThe Neolithic Bone Industry from Drenovac, Serbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Erika Gl

Prehistoric antler- and bone tools from Kaposjlak-Vrdomb (South-Western Hungary) with special regard to the Early Bronze Age implements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73HJJ\0RUJHQVWHUQ Typical hide working tools from the late Bronze Age of Moldova . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Corneliu Beldiman, Diana-Maria Sztancs, Viorica Rusu-BolindeIrina Adriana $FKLmSkeletal technologies, metal-working and wheat harvesting: ancient bone and antler anvils for manufacturing saw-toothed iron sickles discovered in Romania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

4Katrin Struckmeyer

The bone tools from the dwelling mound Feddersen Wierde, Germany, and their functions . . . . . . . . 70DUORHV5LMNHOLMNKXL]HnDutch medieval bone and antler combs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7+DQV&KULVWLDQ.FKHOPDQnWhale Bones as architectural elements in and around Bremen, Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70DUORHV5LMNHOLMNKXL]HnLarge or small? African elephant tusk sizes and the Dutch ivory trade and craft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Bernadeta Kufel-Diakowska

The Hamburgian ZinkenSHUIRUDWRUVDQGEXULQVLQWWRROVDVHYLGHQFHRIDQWOHUZRUNLQJ . . . . . . . . 3

Social contexts

Heidi Luik, Mirja Ots, Liina Maldre

From the Neolithic to the Bronze Age: continuity and changes in bone artefacts in Saaremaa, Estonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3)ORUHQWLQD2OHQLXF/XPLQLD%HMHQDUuPreliminary Data Concerning the Manufacturing of Animal Raw Materials in the Chalcolithic Cucuteni B Settlement of Poduri-Dealul Ghindaru, Romania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Manuel Altamirano Garca

Bone industry from the Bronze Age in Central Iberia. The Settlement of La Motilla Del Azuer . . . . . . 3Justyna Baron

Ritual contexts of animal bone deposits from the Roman Iron Age settlement at Magnice, SW Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Felix LanJActivity not Profession. Considerations about Bone Working in Roman Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50DJGDOHQD.RQF]HZVNa%RQHKRUQDQGDQWOHUZRUNLQJLQPHGLHYDO:URFDZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.DPLOOD3DZRZVNaThe remains of a late medieval workshop in Inowroclaw (Kuyavia, Poland): horncores, antlers and bones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Authors Adresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Steven P. Ashby

The Language of the Combmaker: interpreting complexity in Viking-Age Industry

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Language and Material Culture

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Why a Linguistic Approach? Why Now?

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Acknowledgements

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$VKE\63LQSUHVVDDisentangling trade: combs in the North and Irish Seas in the Long Viking Age,Q-+%DUUHWWDQG6-*LEERQHGVMaritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World/RQGRQ%R\GHOO

$VKE\63LQSUHVVEA Study in Regionality: Hair Combs and Bone/Antler Craft in the Northern Danelaw,QD. 3HWWVDQG67XUQHUHGVEarly Medieval Northumbria, 7XUQKRXW%UHSROV

$VKE\63DQG$%ROWRQ6HDUFKLQJZLWKDQHtoothed comb: Combs for Humans and Horses on the PAS database,Q+*HDNH0-/HZLVDQG6:RUUHOOHGVA Decade of Discovery %$5 2[IRUG$UFKDHR-SUHVV

%DUQHV03 -5+DJODQGDQG5,3DJHThe Runic Inscriptions of Viking Age Dublin. Medieval Dublin Excavations 1962-81, Series B 'XEOLQ1DWLRQDO0XVHXPRI,UHODQGDQG5R\DO,ULVK$FDGHP\

%DUWK)HGEthnic Groups and Boundaries: The Social Organization of Culture Difference %RVWRQ/LWWOH%URZQDQG&RPSDQ\

%DUUHWW -&Fields of discourse: reconstituting a social archaeology&ULWLTXHRI$QWKURSRORJ\

%DWHV'DQG&XUU\$HGVEngland and Nor-mandy in the Middle Ages/RQGRQ+DPEOHGRQ3UHVV.

%HQGHU%Landscapes on-the-move, Journal of 6RFLDO$UFKDHRORJ\

%LGGOH0Toilet Equipment: Combs of Horn and Bone,Q0 %LGGOHHGObject and Economy in Medieval Winchester:LQFKHVWHU 6WXGLHV 2[IRUG &ODUHQGRQ3UHVV

%XFKOL9$Interpreting Material Culture. The Trouble with Text ,Q -7KRPDV HG Interpretive Ar-chaeology: a reader/RQGRQ/HLFHVWHU8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV363-76.

%XWOHU - Gender Trouble: Feminisim and the Subversion of Identity1HZ

6WHYHQ3$VKE\22/pYL6WUDXVV&>@Structural Anthropol-

ogy. (trans. C. Jacobson)1HZ@Course in General Linguis-tics.HGDQGWUDQV5+DUULV/RQGRQ'XFNZRUWK

6KDQNV 0 DQG&7LOOH\ Re-constructing Ar-chaeology. Theory and Practice&DPEULGJH&DPEULGJH8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV

6PLUQRYD / Comb-Making in Medieval Novgorod (950-1450). An industry in transition, BAR Intern. Series 2[IRUG$UFKDHRSUHVVV

6PLWK/(Discourse Across Cultures. Strategies in World Englishes1HZ


7LOOH\&Round Barrows and Dykes as Land-scape Metaphors&DPEULGJH$UFKDHRORJLFDO-RXUQDO

9UHWHPDUN0Kammakeriavfallet en osteolo-gisk analys,Q.&DUOVVRQHGArkeologi i Kungahalla 1989/lQVVW\UHOVHQL*|WHERUJRFK%RKXVOlQ

9UHWHPDUN0Raw materials and urban comb manufacturing in medieval Scandinavia$QWKURSR]RR-ORJLFD

:DOODFH+DGULOO -0 The Long-haired Kings, /RQGRQ0HWKXHQ

:HEHU % Norwegian Exports in Orkney and Shetland during the Viking and Middle Ages,Q5$+DOO5+RGJHVDQG+&ODUNHHGVMedieval Europe 1992, Preprinted Papers Volume 5: Exchange and Trade

ashby 2011 language of the combmaker

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