..::AUTOCAD C BN::..Hoc Autocad* M u:I .Cc bc chun b bn v:1.1nh n v bn v: (lnh:UNITS)G lnh:UNITSs xut hin hp thoiDrawingUnitsnh trong movie sau cc bc down v tham kho nha:http://www.megaupload.com/?d=UYSYBT61Cc thng s Tiu Bo chn l :- Length: Decimal (milimet)- Angle: Deg/Min/Sec ( pht giy)- Precision: chn 0- Drag and Scale: Milimeters- Chiu quay: ngc chiu kim ng h ( khng chn clock wise)- Derection:EastCuicng nhn OK l ta chn xong n v o. :p1.2Gii hn bn v: (Lnh:MVSETUP; LIMITS )G lnhMVSETUP-Tiu Bo :p s hi bn ( Enable paper space ? ) - ChnNo- Tiu Bo :p tip tc hi (Enter Units Type? ) - ChnMetricXut hin Autocad text Windown- Enter the scale factor: ( t l bn v Tiu bo chn bn v 1/100) :100- Enter the paper width: ( Chiu rng ca kh giy chn kh giy A4) :297- Enter the paper height: ( Chiu cao ca kh giy chn kht giy A4) :210=> Nhn Enter l bn hon thin qu trnh chn gii hn bn v (Vi khung giyA4, t l bn v1/100).Bng lit k kh giy theo n v mm:Ao: 1189x841 1 inch = 1"=25,4mmA1: 841x594 1 foot=1'=12"=304,8mmA2: 594x420A3: 420x297A4: 297x210Bc II:Text Style- Toolbar --> Format - -> Text Style;- Trn mn hnh s xut hin mt bng Text Style;Trong phn Style Name chn New ri ly mt tn no m bn thch (V d :TieuBao:p)Tip n l chn Font ch (Tiu Bo chn Font VnAvantH; phn ny cc bn tu chn; kiu ch (Regular); ( Ring phn Height bn 0.0000).=> Bn no cn Font cad chuyn dng th c th PM cho Tiu Bo nha.Bc III:Dimension Slyle Manager- Toolbar --> Format - -> Dimension Slyle Manager ;- Trn mn hnh s xut hin mt Dimension Slyle ManagerBn chn New => Chn mt ci tn m bn thch Tiu Bo chn lDim 1-1:p, Start chn theo mc nh ca Autodest l STANDARD (cc phn khc gi nguyn)=> Continue => Xut hin NewDimension Slyle Dim 1-1Trong hp thoi Dimension Slyle Tieu Bao bn iu chnh cc thng s cn thit sau:Lines:- cc thng s trong mc ny bn c th tu chn theo mnh, chng iu chnh cc thng s ca ng ging kch thc,Symboys and Arrows:- cc thng s trong mc ny cc bn cng c th t tm hiu, c g th PM cho Tiu Bo nha hihi, cc thng s ny cng iu chnh v ng kch thc...Text:- Text style: bn chn kiu ch m bn va to trn, vd:Tieu Bao- Text height: vi bn v t l 1/100 bn ln chn l 150 - 250 l va ( Ghi ch: khi cc bn to Text Style bn height l 0.00 th khi vo Dimension Slyle bn c th chn chiu cao ch theo mnh, nu bn height trong phn text style bn chn bao nhiu th sau ny s ko thay i trong Dimension Slyle, v khi vo phn nng cao s rt kh s dng okie )- Vertical: chn Above- Horizontal: Centered- Offset fromdimline: l khong cch t ng kch thc ti ch : bn chn 50 - 100 l va tu vo t l bn chn.- Text Alignment: bn ln chn Aligned with Dimmnsion linesPrimany Units:-Units Fomat: ci ny cc bn chn Decimal, v phn trc chng ta cng chn Decimal cho phn n v trong bn v.- Precision: chn 0=> cc thng s cn li cc bn t iu chnh nu ci no ko bit c th gi nguyn hoc PM ln din n TB d dng hng dn . sau khi chn xong tt c theo mnh bn nhn OK => tip nhn SetCurrent chp nhn Dim Style m bn va to ra.

Ch :phn quan trng nht trong Dimension Slyle lScale factortrong th mcPrimany Unitsci ny th bnh thng cc bn c th khng cn thay i, nhng l mt Pro Cad Design cc bn ln bit v phi bit.- Cng dng caScale factor to cc Dimension Slyle (DT) theo cc t l khc nhau. V khi vic v nhiu t l trong cng mt bn Cad khng cn l chuyn kh na. cn v vic to DT th cc bn c th lm theo cch to DT bnh thng nh trn. nhng khi chn New DT bn phi chn Start With l kiu Dim no m bn mun bt u.V D:Ti to kiu Dim u tin l:Dim 1-1vi t l 1/100 (nh hng dn trn)Tip theo to mt Dmtyle vi t l 1/50 ( cng mt bn Cad nhng to gp i)= Chn New => chn tn DT lDim 1-2;chnStart with lDim 1-1(bn trn) => Continue =>Primany Units => Scale factor => chn thng s l 1/2 hoc 0,5 hihihih => nhn OK => Set current => Close vy l bn bc u hon thnh cng vic to cc Dim style phc v cho mt bn v Pro m bn sp thc hin.Nhng cng vic v chun b bn v n y a s l hon thnh2. ToLayer: (Lp v i tng)- Nhp lnh:LA-n vo New to mt lp mi. V d: Trc ct- Thit lp thng s cho lp (2 thng s hay dng: Color - Mu sc; Linetype - Kiu ng)Vi lp Trc ct mnh thng dng mu s 8 v kiu ng l center. thit lp mu bn n tri chut vo giao nhau gia ct color v hng c tn lp trc ct, hin ra bng mu bn g vo s mu hoc n tri chut mu bn thch. thit lp kiu ng thng bn n vo giao gia hng tn lp v ct linetype (cad mc nh l conti...) bn n vo Load hin ra danh sch cc dng ng thng ko thanh s chut v chn ng kiu ng m bn thch. Nhn OK 2 ln bn hon tt vic thit lp lp trong Cad.- Mc ch: Khi bn dng cc lp v cc i tng khc nhau sau ny bn s qun l bn v ca mnh rt d dng. Dn dn s hng dn c th cc cng c qun l bn v.3. Thit lp kiu/dng ng thng:- Nhp lnhLT- Hin ra ca s sau:

ly mt kiu ng sn c trong th vin bn p voLoad. chn kiu ng hin thi bn n tri chut chn kiu ng ri nCurrent hin th thng tin chi tit bn nShow detail xa mt kiu ng c bn nDelete thit lp t ca ng thng bn nhp vo 2 Scale. Nh rng: Global Scale factor: T l tng th ca tt c cc ng; Current Object Scale: T l ca kiu ng c chn hin thi. (Ci ny mnh khng chc chn lm)Cng c Linetype ny rt hu ch khi bn v bin php thi cng. Bn c th to ring cho mnh 3 loi ng (ng in - ng nc - Hng ro).Nu v khong cch ca ng qu nh th bn c th cho tng khong cch gia chng ln. Bng cch l bn chnh thng s trongLinetype ScaleCch n gin nht l bn nhn t hp phmCTRL+1 hin ra thanh cng cProperties, tip bn chn i tng m bn mun scale. ri bn thay thng s trong phn Linetype Scale l okie roi hihi.( Ch : bn c th s dng thanh cng c Properties hiu chnh hoc thay i ton b thng s ca mt i tng. ci ny n qun l hay lm v cn nhiu cng dng khc, Cc Lnh v c bn:2.1.V on thng: (Lnh:LINE):a/ Cng dng: v cc i tng l on thngb/ Nhp lnh:LinehocLc/ C php lnh:- Command: L- LINE Specify first point: (Chn im P1 bt k lm im th 1)- Specify next point or [Undo]: ( Chn im P2 hoc p U )- Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: (Chn im tip theo hoc p C, U)+ pClose : ng kn ng gp khc+ pUndo : Hu b mt on va v 2.2V na ng thng ( Lnh:RAY)a/ Cng dng: v i tng l na ng thng( ng gii hn mt u )b/ Nhp lnh:RAY( hoc dng lnhLnh phn trn TB ni n )c/ C php lnh:Command line: Ray Specify start point: im bt u P1Specify through point: im i qua P2Specify through point: im i qua tip P3, P4,...Bn c th v bao nhiu ng tu thch,im khc bit ca lnh RAY vi lnh Line l bn c th v mt ng thng gii hn mt u, cn u kia th di v hn. y l mt lnh rt hu ch cho vic v hnh chiu cnh. cc bn ch tm hiu nha. 2.3.V ng trn ( LnhCircle)a/ Cng dng: v i tng l ng trnb/ Nhp lnh: g lnhCirclehocCc/C php lnh:Command:CCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:T y ta c cc cch v ng trn sau:1. v ng trn bng tm v bn knh ( Center and radius )Command: cCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:Nhp to tmSpecify radius of circle or [Diameter]:Cho bn knh ( hoc p D cho ng knh)=> vy l chng ta c ng trn th 12.v ng trn qua 3 im: 3PCommand: cCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:3PSpecify first point on circle:cho im th 1Specify second point on circle:cho im th 2Specify third point on circle:cho im th 3=> vy l chng ta v c hnh trn th 2 :p3. V ng trn qua 2 im ( 2 u mt ca ng knh):ci ny cng tng t nh lnh trn. ta p 2P ( cc bn t tm hiu tip nha )4.V ng trn tip xc vi 2 ng Line v bn knh R :Command: cCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:TtrSpecify point on object for first tangent of circle:Chn ng th nht m ng trn tip xc, lu chn im cng gn im tip xc cng ttSpecify point on object for second tangent of circle:Chn ng th 2 m ng trn tip xc lu chn im cng gn im tip xc cng ttSpecify radius of circle: nhp bn knh ng trn cn v.=> vy l chng ta v c ng trn th 35. V ng trn qua 3 ng Line cng tng t nhng khi nhp lnh ta lm nh sau:Trn thanh cng c: Draw => Circle => Tan, Tan, Tanlm tng t phn 4 nhng giai on cui ta ko nhp bn knh m chn im tip xc ca ng Line th 3. 2.4.V cung trn ( LnhARC)a/ Cng dng: v i tng l cung trnb/ Nhp lnh:ArchocAc/C php lnh:./ Cc cung trn c v theo chiu ngc chiu quay ca kim ng h./ C nhiu cch v cung trna. Cung trn qua 3 im:Command: AARC Specify start point of arc or [center]: Cho P1Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Cho P2Specify end point of arc: Cho P3=> vy l ta v c mt cung trn rib. V cung trn qua im u, tm, im cui* ( Tiu Bo dng hnh nh chp c t mt bi hc c ca TB nha):

Tip tc cc lnh v nhng hnh c bn: Lnh v hnh ch nhtG lnh:RecEnter an option or specify a point: Nhp t kha (Ch ci vit hoa [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]hoc nhp 1 im. Nu bn nhp 1 im s ra bng chn di y:Tip tc c 2 la chn:1. Nhp nh cn li2. G D ri Enter: Nhp chiu di Enter - Nhp chiu rng Enter - Chn hng HCNCc t kha t mu trn tng ng tng thit lp khc nhau:1. Chamfer vn gc hnh ch nht (Nhp khong cch vt theo 2 hng X, Y)2. Elev Cao t hnh ch nht (dng trong bn v 3D)3. Fillet bo trn 4 gc hnh ch nht (Nhp bn knh)4. Thickness t dy ng bao hnh ch nht (Dng trong bn v 3D)5. Width rng2.5.V a tuyn (LnhPline)a, Cng dng: dng v cc i tng l a tuyn (a tuyn l mt ng a hnh c th gm cc on thng v cung trn. Nhng tt c c coi l mt i tng duy nht)b. Nhp lnh:PlinehocPLc. C php lnh:Command:PL(PLINE)Specify start point:Cho im u ca pline

1.Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:hy chn im th hai ca Pline hoc a ra cc la chn.# pArc: Chuyn sang ch v cung trn# pClose: ng kn pline bng on thng# pHalfwidth: nh 1/2 b rng pline < y c th hiu nh mt mi tn c im m nhn, cn t im tip theo tr i c rng tng ng la chn>+ Specify starting half-width : 1/2 b rng bt u on+ Specify ending half-width : 1/2 b rng cui on# pLength: Ko di tip on va v# pUndo: b on va v# p Width: Cho b rng phn on sp v+ Specify starting width : B rng bt u on+ Specify ending width : B rng cui on

2.Specify endpoint of arc or [Angle/CEnter/Close/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: a ra cc la chn ca bn.# p Angle: cho gc v cung# p CEnter: Cho tm cung trn# p Direction: nh hng tip tuyn ca cung# p Close: ng kn pline bi mt cung# p Line: Ch v ch v on thng# p Radius: Cho bn knh ca cung trn# p Second pt: Cho im th 2 v th 3 ca cung# p Undo: B mt phn on va v# p Width: nh rng ca pline.2.6.V a gic u (Lnh Polygon)a/ Cng dng: V nhng i tng l a gicb/ Nhp lnh:PolygonhocPOLc/ C php:Command:POL(POLYGON)Enter number of sides :Cho s cnh ca a gicSpecify center of polygon or [Edge]:Cho tm a gic( Hoc pE)* Khi ta cho mt tm bt k ta s c 2 cch v a gic: (pIhoc pC)Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] :(1)1.V a gic ni tip ng trn: ta p(I) dng nhc (1)Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] :(I)Specify radius of circle: Cho bn knh ng trn ni tip=> vy l hon thnh a gic ni tip ng trn m bn mun v.2.V a gic ngoi tip ng trn: ta p(C) dng nhc (1)Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] :(C)Specify radius of circle: Cho bn knh ng trn ngoi tip a gic=> vy l hon thnh a gic ngoi tip ng trn m bn mun v.* Khi ta p E (v a gic bi I cnh E) khi s l:Command: polPOLYGON Enter number of sides : Cho s cnh m bn munSpecify center of polygon or [Edge]: E (p E cho di cnh a gic)Specify first endpoint of edge: Cho im P1 l im mt th nhtSpecify second endpoint of edge: Cho im mt P2 l im th 2 ca cnh=> Enter => bn v c a gic u c cc cnh cng di E m bn cho.Vy l chng ta hon thnh xong lnh v POL (v mt a gic u)2.7.V hnh Elip (Lnh Ellipse)a/ Cng dng: V i tng l Elip, v khi v Elip ta cn ch ti gi tr binPELLIPSE- ViPELLIPSE = 1: th Elip l mt a tuyn gm cc cung trn ghp li ( ta c th coi n nh mt ng PLine)- ViPELLIPSE = 0: th Elip l ng n, v c th truy bt im nh ng trn.b/ Nhp lnh:ELLipsehocELc/ C php lnh:Vi binPELLIPSE = 0ta c nhiu cch v Elip nh sau:1.Cho mt trc v 1/2 trc th 2:Command: EL (ELLIPSE)Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Cho im th nht ca mt trcP1Specify other endpoint of axis: Cho im th 2 ca mt trcP2Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Cho im th baP3, hoc nhp 1/2 khong cch ca trc cn li* ti y ta c th xc nh trc cn li bng cch pR(Rotation - Quay mt gc)=> Vy l c th v Elip ri hihihih2.Cho tm v 2 trc:Command: EL (ELLIPSE)Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]:Cnh tm ElipSpecify center of ellipse: Cho tm ElipSpecify endpoint of axis: Cho mt im cch tm xc nh trc th 2, hoc cho khong cch=> Vy l v c Elip th 2 roi,3.V cung Elip: (p A ti dng lnh trn)Command: EL (ELLIPSE)Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]:APhn ny cc bc t tm hiu nha hihi cng tng t cc phn trc thi, ch khc l ta v xong elips roi ct hai im no to thnh mt cung trn thui hihihi3.1LnhUCSICONa/ Cng dng: thay i, hin, tt Icon...b/ Nhp lnh:UCSiconc/ C php:Command: ucsiconEnter an option [ON/OFF/All/Noorigin/ORigin/Properties] :# pON/OFF: Hin th hay tt Icon (Tr li cho cu hi th 1 ca bn 06x8)# pAll: Cc thay i c gn vi tt c cc ViewPort (ci ny phn sau s r)# pNoorigin: Hin Icon gc di tri (Tr li cho cu hi th 2 ca bn 06x8)# pORigin: hin Icon gc h trc mi (ci ny bn t tm hiu vi phn tip nh)# pProperties: ci ny l thay i Icon, bn c th to ra kiu icon m bn thch vi bngUCS Icon=> Vt l ta c th qun l c mt ci Icon tht n gin4.1LnhUndo,Uhy b lnh va thc hina/ Cng dng: Lnh ny dng hy b kt qu cc lnh va thc hin xongb/ Nhp lnh:UhocUNDOc/ C php: (c 2 cch ung lnh hoc bn gUhoc bn gUNDO)1.Nu bn gUth mc nh ca Cad s a bn tr li 1 bc vi kt qu ca lnh bn va thc hin. iu ny th n gin ri. khi thc hin sai mt lnh, hoc mun quay li mt im no th bn ch vic U Enter l OK, bn Enter bao nhiu ln th s quay li by nhiu bc.DngUcng ging nh bn dng Ctrl + Z trong Windows vy...2.Nu bn gUNDOth c php lnh s nh sau:Command:undo(Current settings: Auto = On, Control = All, Combine = Yes > Ch mc nh khng ln thay i nu bn khng i su vo n)Enter the number of operations to undo or [Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back]:#Nu g s n vo th Acad s hy b n lnh trc , tng t nh ta dungUvi n ln Enter y m iihihhi#Mark &Back : nh du lnh va thc hin, bn c th nh du lnh va thc hin nhiu v tr khc nhau, sau ny bn c th dng Back quay li ch va nh du, ( Cad s a bn n ch nh du gn nht m bn Mark)# BEgin & End: bn c th dng chng cho vic tp hp mt nhm lnh trc , thnh mt khi = 1 lnh. sau ny bn c th Undo c mt khi lnh . ch : dng BEgin trc ri dng End kt thc.4.2LnhREDOphc hi i tng sau lnhUNDOa/ Cng dng: TB va hng dn xong lnh Undo,cc bn s thc hnh vi n, nu bn no c Enter mnh qu, l tay Undo lun c lnh khc, th ng lo, hy s dngREDO phc hi li lnh va UNDO nhm .Ch : lnh REDO ch b i c mt bc caUNDO,b/ Nhp lnh:REDOhoc phm ttCtrl + Yc/ C php: :p :p :p lnh ny ch c th thi, cc bn bit cn dng4.3LnhREGENti to li bn va/ Cng dng: Khi cc bn dng lnh Zoom, cc i tng l ng trn thng b mo i... lnh ny gip cho ta ti to li ton b bn v, khi y cp nhp cc bin thay i.b/ Nhp lnh:Regen(RE) hocRegenall# i vi Regen: ch ti to bn v mt khung nhn hin thi# i vi Regenall: Ti to bn v tt c cc khung nhn hin c.4.4Lnh v li bn v trn mn hnh, xa du Blip (REDRAW)a/ Cng dng: Cc bn s dng auto cad, chc i ln phi kh chu v mi ln kch chut li li du "+" trn mn hnh;chng bit lm th no, chn, hihi nhng khng sao, gi y, ch vi mt cht hiu bit v n, bn s thy b i mt vn l n gin,Lnh REDRAW s v li bn v trong khung nhn, ng thi xa i du Blip trong bn v.b/ Nhp Lnh:REDRAWhocR4.5LnhERASExa hon ton i tng trong bn va/ Nhp lnh:ERASE hocE(bn cng c th dng Delete bng cch chn i tng ri Delete hihi)b/ C php lnh:Command: ESelect Objects: chn i tng cn xoSelect Objects: chn i tng tip theo cn xa hoc Enter => vy l xa i tt c nhng g bn mun ri* Sau khi thc hin lnh E, i tng s b xo, mun khi phc li bn c th dng OOPS hoc UNDO4.6LnhBREAKngt b mt on i tng trong bn va/ Nhp lnh:BrhocBreakb/ C php lnh:Command:BRBREAK Select object:chn mt im trn i tng (im ny l im u cn xo)Specify second break point or [First point]:Chn im th 2 hoc p F cho li im th 1 cn xo=> nh vy bn c th ct mt on gia trong mt ng thng, hoc mt cung trn* Ta cng c th tch i tng ra thnh 2 phn, bng Break:Command:BRBREAK Select object:chn mt im trn i tng (im ny l im gia m ta mun tch i tng)Specify second break point or [First point]:@ri Enter l xong7.1 Lnh OFFSETDng to i tng mi song song vi i tng c chn. Nu i tng c chn l ng trn hoc cung trn, lnh offset s to ra ng trn hoc cung trn ng tm.Command:offset(hoc )Specify offset distance or [Through] :(nhp khong cch vi i tng c chn)Select object to offset or :(chn i tng mun offset)Specify point on side to offset:(chn pha ca i tng mi)Select object to offset or :(tip tc hay thot)La chnThrough:thay v nhp khong cch, ta c th chn 1 im m i tng mi i qua bng cch chnT.Command:offsetSpecify offset distance or [Through] :TSelect object to offset or :(chn i tng mun offset)Specify through point:(chn im m i tng mi i qua)Select object to offset or :(tip tc hay kt thc lnh)Bi tp:7.2 Lnh TRIMDng xn mt phni tng. on cn xn trong lnh Trim b gii hn bi cc i tng ct. Ta phi xc nh chnh xc cc i tng ct xn ng.Command:trim( hoc)Current settings: Projection=UCS, Edge=NoneSelect cutting edges ...(chn i tng ct)Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:(Enter kt thc chn)Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:(chn phn i tng mun xn)Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:(tip tc hoc kt thc lnh7.4 Lnh COPYDng sao chp mt hoc mt nhm i tng . Ta cn cung cp khong cch gia i tng gc v i tng copy bng mt vector. Vector c xc nh da trn 2 im c th t. Thc hin cc bc nh sauBc 1 : gi lnh copy (c th tro th t Bc 1 v Bc 2)Bc 2 : chn i tngBc 3 : nhp vectorCommand:copy(hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh )Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:(Enter kt thc chn i tng )Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]:(nhp im u ca vector )Specify second point of displacement or :( nhp im cn li ca vector)7.5 Lnh MOVEDng di chuyn mt hoc mt nhm i tng. Tng t lnh copy, lnh move cng i vector khong cch. Thc hin cc bc nh sauBc 1 : gi lnh moveBc 2 : chn i tngBc 3 : nhp vectorCommand:move(hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh )Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:(Enter kt thc chn i tng )Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: (nhp im u ca vector )Specify second point of displacement or :( nhp im cn li ca vector)7.6 Lnh ROTATEDng xoay i tng. Ta cn xc nh tm xoay v gc xoay. Ch rng hnh ban u s khng cn sau khi xoay. Thc hin cc bc nh sauBc 1 : gi lnh rotateBc 2 : chn i tngBc 3 : nhp tm xoa-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bc 4 : nhp gc xoayCommand:rotate(hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh )Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:(Enter kt thc chn i tng )Specify base point:(nhp tm xoay )Specify rotation angle or [Reference]( nhp gc xoay)7.7 Lnh MIRRORDng ly i xng gng. Ta xc nh gng bng 2 im, v ch cn xc nh phng, khng cn bit hng v di ca gng. Hnh ban u c th c gi li hoc xa tu ta chn. Thc hin cc bc nh sauBc 1 : gi lnh mirrorBc 2 : chn i tngBc 3 : nhp 2 im xc nh gngBc 4 : chn xo hoc gi li hnh cCommand:mirror(hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh )Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:(Enter kt thc chn i tng )Specify first point of mirror line:(chn im th nht trn gng)Specify second point of mirror line:(chn im cn li)Delete source objects? [Yes/No]:(chnY xa hnh c,N gi li)7.8 Lnh SCALEDng thay i kch thc ca i tng theo mt t l chnh xc. Ta cn xc nh im gc v t l thay i. Hnh ban u s cxa. T l thay i c th c vit di dng s thp phn (nh 0.5) hoc phn s (nh ).Bc 1 : gi lnh scaleBc 2 : chn i tngBc 3 : nhp im gcBc 4 : nhp t lCommand:scale(hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh )Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:(Enter kt thc chn i tng )Specify base point:(nhp im gc)Specify scale factor or [Reference]:(nhp t l7.10 Lnh ALIGN----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GV:Nguyn Hong HinTra ng 38 Trung tm Tin hc HSP - BI GING AUTOCAD 1 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------L kt hp ca 3 lnh Move, Rotate v Scale. Thng c p dng cho cc i tng xut hin nhiu ln trong bn v nhng vi gc v kch thc khc nhau.Ta cn nm c khi nim i tng ngun v i tng ch (l i tng trc v sau khi p dng lnh align)Bc 1 : gi lnh alignBc 2 : chn i tng (ngun)Bc 3 : chn im ngun th nhtBc 4 : chn im ch th nhtBc 5 : chn im ngun th haiBc 6 : chn im ch th haiBc 7 : b qua im ngun v im ch th ba (ch chn khi v 3D)Bc 8 : chn c thay i kch thc i tng hay khngCommand:alignSelect objects: 1 foundSelect objects:(Enter kt thc chn i tng )Specify first source point:(chn im ngun th nht )Specify first destination point:(chn im ch th nht )Specify second source point:(chn im ngun th hai )Specify second destination point:(chn im ch th hai )Specify third source point or :(Enter b qua)Scale objects based on alignment points? [Yes/No] :Y(c thay i kch thc)--------------------------------------------------------GHI KCH THC LN BN VTa c th gi cc lnh ghi kch thc bng cch g lnh Command, hoc nhp chn biu tng lnh trn thanh cng cDimensionSau y l mt s lnh ghi kch thc thng dng5.1 Lnh DimlinearDng ghi khong cch gia 2 im theo phng ngang hoc phng ng.Command:dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :{chn im th nht}Specify second extension line origin:{chn im th hai}Specify dimension line location{chn phng ngang hoc ng}dimlinear dimalignedCc on thng ko di t im A, B (im cn ghi kch thc) c gi lng m rnghocng ni di(extension line). on thng c 2 u l 2 mi tn, c ghi km kch thc c gi lng kch thc(dimension line).5.2 Lnh DimalignedDng ghi khong cch tht gia 2 im..Command:dimalignedSpecify first extension line origin or :{chn im th nht}Specify second extension line origin:{chn im th hai}Specify dimension line location{chn pha ghi kch thc}5.3 Lnh DimbaselineDng ghi kch thc song song. V d nh ghi kch thc cc on AB, AC, AD nh hnh v. Ta cn 1 bc m l ghi kch thc AB bng lnhdimlinear,sau mi gi lnhdimbaselinecho AC, ADCommand:dimbaselineSpecify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] :{im A c chn sn, ch cn chn C}Dimension text = 168.64-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] :{ch cn chn D}Dimension text = 220.035.4 Lnh DimcontinueDng ghi kch thc ni tip. V d nh ghi kch thc cc on AB, BC, CD nh hnh v. Ta cn 1 bc m l ghi kch thc AB bng lnhdimlinear,sau mi gi lnhdimcontinuecho BC, CDCommand:dimcontinueSpecify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] :{ch cn chn C}Dimension text = 106.4Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] :{ch cn chn D}Dimension text = 51.395.5 Lnh DimradiusDng ghi kch thc bn knh ng trn, cung trn.Command:dimradiusSelect arc or circle:{chn ng trn cn o}Dimension text = 505.6 Lnh DimangularDng o gc gia 2 line.Command:dimangularSelect arc, circle, line, or :{chn line th nht}Select second line:{chn line th hai}Specify dimension arc line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]:{chn gc trong hay gc ngoi}Dimension text = 395.1.Lnh In: ( Ctrl+P)Command line: ta g t hp phmCTRL+PKhi trn mn hnh s xut hin : Plot - Model.- Pape setup: phn ny ta ko cn ch n- Printer/Plotter: Chn my in m ta nh in bn v ( Tiu Bo chn my HP LaserJet 5100 PCL 6 c th In A3 )- Paper size: chn loi bn v A3 hoc A... do cc bn nh.- Number of copies: Bn mun in 1 bn v v copy ra nhiu bn v ging th th hy iu chnh thng s y okie- Plot Area: bn chn Window trong phn what to Plot. sau d kch vo biu tng Window bn cnh ri chn bn v bn mun in.- Plot offset: trong phn ny bn kch chutvoCenterthe Plot a bn v vo chnh gia. ca kh giy bn chn. ( bn c th chn thng s X, Y cn chnh ln bn v, nhng theo TB th ko cn thit hihi )- Fit to paper: ci ny mnh cng khng dng n, v vy cc bc kch chut vo Fit to paper b i nh. ( cng dng ca ny l to scale cho bn v trong mt khung giy)=> vy l ta iu chnh thng s ban u ca Plot Model ri hhihi- Tip ta bm vo phm mi tn nh gc ca PM ( cnh phim Help y )- trong phn ny ta ch cn ch n:Plot Style table ( Pen assignments)- cc phn cn li cc bn c th t tm hiu s dng ( nu khng th gi nguyn nha )*Plot Style table (Pen assignments)bn lm cc bc nh trong hnh v minh ha sau:TrnPlot Styleta chn New => Star From scratch => Bn t tn ty thch ( ti chn l TieuBao hihihih)=> Sau khi bm NEXT trn mn hnh s hin raPlot Style table Editor - TieuBao.ctb: Trong Phn Plot Slyle ta chn ht tt c cc mu ( c th dng t hp phm tt Shift+End hoc c th dng chut ko chn)Tip theo ta chnh thng s trong phnPropertiesnh sau:Trong :- Color bn chn mu en ( khi in en trng) tt c cc nt bn in ra u c t mu en,v m bo khng b m.:p- cc thng s khc bn iu chnh theo Tiu Bo ( v t tm hiu v tnh cht ca n nha)- Ta ch vo phn Lineweight: khi bn chn tt c cc mu, ri chn Lineweight l mt s A th khi in ra bn v ca chng ra t tt c cc nt u bng nhau v bng A( v d y Tiu Bo t thng s ban u A = 0,1800 mm )- Bc tip theo ta chn ring mt mu m ta s dng. v d y ti chn mu vng (Color 2) lm Nt Tng ( nt v chnh) => cc thng s vn gi nguyn nh ta va iu chnh bn trn. ta ch thay i thng s Lineweight.( V d y Tiu Bo chn B = 0,2500 mm )- Bc tip theo lm nh bc trc, ta ln lt chn cc thng s trong Lineweight cho cc ng nt ( theo mu) m bn s dng trong bn v( V dL Nt Tim trc C=0,1500mm; Nt Khung tn D=0,700mm.....) cc bn t tm hiu v t nt cho ng qui nh nha hihihihihi.- Bc tip theo bn chn Save As.. nu bn mun lu gi nhng ci t thng s ny. sau ny bn c th dng chng cc bn v c t mu tng ng.- Tip theo ta chn Save & Close ch liPlot Model InVy l bn to c mt ch in qun l bn v cho ring bn chc mng bn.Ghi ch: Sau ny khi in mt bn v khc bn ch cn chn li Plot Style l okie ri. hoc khi bn mun n my khc in th bn c th Copy file trong (C:\Documents and Settings\***\Application Data\Autodesk\AutoCAD 2007\R17.0\enu\Plot Styles\) ri vo Plot Style li n ra l dng ngon hihihihi Lnh REC l mt lnh quan trng, TB cng dng kh nhiu trong bn v, bn c th dng rec bng cch na l:Command:recSpecify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]:bn chn im th nhtP1Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: ti tc g@ P1,P2Nh vy bn c mt hnh ch nht hoc hnh vung theokch thcP1, P2 m bn t.(ghi ch: nh t du"," gia P1 v P2 nh)