avmv‡gi a ©bxwz, `vwi`ª¨ ges Ôwe‡`wk †l`viÕ av‡›`vj‡bi … · 2020. 3. 5. ·...
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Z_¨m~Î1) GDP-Population-Area relationship of Indian States, statisticstimes.com, 20 March 20152) Assam's low per capita income is a concern: Finmin, Business Standard, April 24, 2018, https://bit.ly/2LSKLub3) fvi‡Z †K›`ª-ivR¨ m¤ú‡K© Avmv‡gi gZ cÖvwšÍK A‡ji ivR‰bwZK cÖvwšÍKZv bvbvfv‡eB bR‡i c‡o| †hgbÑG ch©šÍ fvi‡Z hZRb cÖavbgš¿x n‡q‡Qb, Zvu‡`i AwaKvskB DËi fviZxq| 14 Rb cÖavbgš¿xi g‡a¨ †Kej DËi cÖ‡`k †_‡KB n‡q‡Qb AvURb| Avmv‡gi gZ ivR¨ †_‡K GKRbI bq| gb‡gvnb wms‡K cÖavbgš¿x Kivi ¯^v‡_© Zvu‡K Avmvg †_‡K ivR¨mfvi m`m¨ Kiv n‡qwQjÑhw`I wkL ag©vej¤^x gb‡gvnb wms Kvh©Z cvÄv‡ei mšÍvb|4) GUv we‡klfv‡e aiv c‡o ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z e¨q Kivi gZ A‡_©i wnm¨v K‡g hvIqvi Z_¨ †_‡K| †dWv‡ij ivóª fvi‡Z miKvwi e¨‡qi gvÎ 5.1 kZvsk LiP nq ¯’vbxq miKvimg~‡ni gva¨‡g Ges GB wnm¨v µ‡g Kg‡Q| 2000 mv‡ji c~‡e© GUv 6.4 kZvs‡ki Ic‡i wQj|
†`Lyb : Pravakar Sahoo AND Amrita Sarkar, Changing Dynamics of Centre-State Financial Relations, www.insightsonindia.com, YOJANA, June 2013, P.4.5) GgbwK Ôcø¨vwbs KwgkbÕ †f‡O fviZ ÔbxwZ Av‡qvMÕ bv‡g †h †K›`ªxq cwiKíbv KvVv‡gv M‡o Zzj‡Z P‡j‡Q b‡i›`ª †gvw` miKviцmLv‡bI Zvi †Pqvig¨vb n‡jb cÖavbgš¿x| Z‡e Zv‡Z Mfwb©s ewW‡Z wewfbœ iv‡R¨i gyL¨gš¿x‡`i ivLv n‡q‡Q|6) †Zj I Pv A_©bxwZi Zzjbvq K…wli Ae`vb Z…Zxq †Kvb c¶ KZ…©K jywÉZ n‡q‡Q KgB| wKš‘ K…wli Ae`v‡b hv‡`i eo GK f‚wgKv wQj †mB gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i †kl ch©šÍ Amwgqv RvZxqZvev` cÖwZc¶ (ÔA‰ea AwfevmÕ!) wn‡m‡e Avwe®‹vi K‡i| Zv‡`i GB kΓ‡PZbvq †Zj I Pv Lv‡Zi cÖK…Z jvfevbiv fxlYfv‡e DcK…Z nq|7) Economic Characteristics of Assam ,https:// bit.ly/2KGrAmq8) M. Govinda Rao, Central transfers to states in India: Rewarding performance while ensuring equity (Final Report of a Study Submitted to NITI Aayog), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, p.11. https://bit.ly/2HtBJyb 9) Ibid. 10) Chauvinism and Economic Exploitation behind the Attack on Citizenship Rights of 40 lakh Working People in Assam, New Trade Union Initiative, August 1, 2018, https://bit.ly/2KKETCy11) The Hindu, 14 Nov. 2019, India.12) Avmv‡gi Ks‡MÖm †bZv Awgq Kzgvi `v‡mi GK e³e¨ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, †Zj I Pv‡qi ïé, Ki BZ¨vw` eve` Av‡q Avmvg †cZ gvÎ 4 kZvs‡ki gZ| Ditee Moni Baruah, The Refunery Movement in Assam, EPW, January 2011, p. 65.13) Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line,
https://bit.ly/2Gq8nBs14) 1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨B Avmv‡g eªþcyÎ I myigv DcZ¨Kvi me‡P‡q fvj Rwg¸‡jv Pv evMv‡bi bv‡g ÔeivÏÕ n‡q hvq| GB eiv‡Ïi †h‡nZz we‡kl †kÖwY PwiÎ i‡q‡Q, ZvB mvaviY f‚wgnxb gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i P‡ii Rwg eivÏ †hfv‡e Amwgqv eyw×Rxex †kÖwY‡K cÖwZev‡` gyLi K‡i‡Q, Pv evMvb gvwjK‡`i welq †mfv‡e K‡iwb| GLbI G wel‡q cÖkœ I‡V KgB|15) Ritupan Goswami, Rivers and History: Brahmaputra vally in the last two centuries, Phd thesis, JNU, 2010, chapter-III, p. 172. https://bit.ly/2INTGLN. 16) Julee Dutta, Centre-Assam Financial Relations: A Critical Analysis, www.iosrjournals.org, p.48.17) Tea workers demand hike in minimum wages in India, Peoples Dispatch, March 05, 2019, India.18) wWeª“Mo, †RvinvU I †ZRcyi †jvKmfv wbe©vPbx GjvKv|19) Assam tea workers seek parity with those elsewhere, Businessline, November 15, 2018, https://bit.ly/2L2wiv420) Firstpost, Dec 15, 2017, https://bit.ly/2UsZlXW21) †UwjMÖvd BwÛqvi cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx hv cÖvq GK †KvwU †`o jvL| Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line c~‡e©v³|22) Poverty line needs to be redefined: experts, The Daily star, October 25, 2018,https://bit.ly/2UiKCil23) NITI Aayog, SDG India Index, Baseline report 2018. https://bit.ly/2GDHjit24) Assam State Action Plan on Climate Change (2015 - 2020). Report. Assam: Department of Environment and Forest, Government of Assam, India, September 2015. 1-127.
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AvjZvd cvi‡fR : `w¶Y Gwkqvi BwZnvm M‡elKB-†gBj : [email protected]
Z_¨m~Î1) GDP-Population-Area relationship of Indian States, statisticstimes.com, 20 March 20152) Assam's low per capita income is a concern: Finmin, Business Standard, April 24, 2018, https://bit.ly/2LSKLub3) fvi‡Z †K›`ª-ivR¨ m¤ú‡K© Avmv‡gi gZ cÖvwšÍK A‡ji ivR‰bwZK cÖvwšÍKZv bvbvfv‡eB bR‡i c‡o| †hgbÑG ch©šÍ fvi‡Z hZRb cÖavbgš¿x n‡q‡Qb, Zvu‡`i AwaKvskB DËi fviZxq| 14 Rb cÖavbgš¿xi g‡a¨ †Kej DËi cÖ‡`k †_‡KB n‡q‡Qb AvURb| Avmv‡gi gZ ivR¨ †_‡K GKRbI bq| gb‡gvnb wms‡K cÖavbgš¿x Kivi ¯^v‡_© Zvu‡K Avmvg †_‡K ivR¨mfvi m`m¨ Kiv n‡qwQjÑhw`I wkL ag©vej¤^x gb‡gvnb wms Kvh©Z cvÄv‡ei mšÍvb|4) GUv we‡klfv‡e aiv c‡o ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z e¨q Kivi gZ A‡_©i wnm¨v K‡g hvIqvi Z_¨ †_‡K| †dWv‡ij ivóª fvi‡Z miKvwi e¨‡qi gvÎ 5.1 kZvsk LiP nq ¯’vbxq miKvimg~‡ni gva¨‡g Ges GB wnm¨v µ‡g Kg‡Q| 2000 mv‡ji c~‡e© GUv 6.4 kZvs‡ki Ic‡i wQj|
†`Lyb : Pravakar Sahoo AND Amrita Sarkar, Changing Dynamics of Centre-State Financial Relations, www.insightsonindia.com, YOJANA, June 2013, P.4.5) GgbwK Ôcø¨vwbs KwgkbÕ †f‡O fviZ ÔbxwZ Av‡qvMÕ bv‡g †h †K›`ªxq cwiKíbv KvVv‡gv M‡o Zzj‡Z P‡j‡Q b‡i›`ª †gvw` miKviцmLv‡bI Zvi †Pqvig¨vb n‡jb cÖavbgš¿x| Z‡e Zv‡Z Mfwb©s ewW‡Z wewfbœ iv‡R¨i gyL¨gš¿x‡`i ivLv n‡q‡Q|6) †Zj I Pv A_©bxwZi Zzjbvq K…wli Ae`vb Z…Zxq †Kvb c¶ KZ…©K jywÉZ n‡q‡Q KgB| wKš‘ K…wli Ae`v‡b hv‡`i eo GK f‚wgKv wQj †mB gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i †kl ch©šÍ Amwgqv RvZxqZvev` cÖwZc¶ (ÔA‰ea AwfevmÕ!) wn‡m‡e Avwe®‹vi K‡i| Zv‡`i GB kΓ‡PZbvq †Zj I Pv Lv‡Zi cÖK…Z jvfevbiv fxlYfv‡e DcK…Z nq|7) Economic Characteristics of Assam ,https:// bit.ly/2KGrAmq8) M. Govinda Rao, Central transfers to states in India: Rewarding performance while ensuring equity (Final Report of a Study Submitted to NITI Aayog), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, p.11. https://bit.ly/2HtBJyb 9) Ibid. 10) Chauvinism and Economic Exploitation behind the Attack on Citizenship Rights of 40 lakh Working People in Assam, New Trade Union Initiative, August 1, 2018, https://bit.ly/2KKETCy11) The Hindu, 14 Nov. 2019, India.12) Avmv‡gi Ks‡MÖm †bZv Awgq Kzgvi `v‡mi GK e³e¨ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, †Zj I Pv‡qi ïé, Ki BZ¨vw` eve` Av‡q Avmvg †cZ gvÎ 4 kZvs‡ki gZ| Ditee Moni Baruah, The Refunery Movement in Assam, EPW, January 2011, p. 65.13) Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line,
https://bit.ly/2Gq8nBs14) 1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨B Avmv‡g eªþcyÎ I myigv DcZ¨Kvi me‡P‡q fvj Rwg¸‡jv Pv evMv‡bi bv‡g ÔeivÏÕ n‡q hvq| GB eiv‡Ïi †h‡nZz we‡kl †kÖwY PwiÎ i‡q‡Q, ZvB mvaviY f‚wgnxb gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i P‡ii Rwg eivÏ †hfv‡e Amwgqv eyw×Rxex †kÖwY‡K cÖwZev‡` gyLi K‡i‡Q, Pv evMvb gvwjK‡`i welq †mfv‡e K‡iwb| GLbI G wel‡q cÖkœ I‡V KgB|15) Ritupan Goswami, Rivers and History: Brahmaputra vally in the last two centuries, Phd thesis, JNU, 2010, chapter-III, p. 172. https://bit.ly/2INTGLN. 16) Julee Dutta, Centre-Assam Financial Relations: A Critical Analysis, www.iosrjournals.org, p.48.17) Tea workers demand hike in minimum wages in India, Peoples Dispatch, March 05, 2019, India.18) wWeª“Mo, †RvinvU I †ZRcyi †jvKmfv wbe©vPbx GjvKv|19) Assam tea workers seek parity with those elsewhere, Businessline, November 15, 2018, https://bit.ly/2L2wiv420) Firstpost, Dec 15, 2017, https://bit.ly/2UsZlXW21) †UwjMÖvd BwÛqvi cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx hv cÖvq GK †KvwU †`o jvL| Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line c~‡e©v³|22) Poverty line needs to be redefined: experts, The Daily star, October 25, 2018,https://bit.ly/2UiKCil23) NITI Aayog, SDG India Index, Baseline report 2018. https://bit.ly/2GDHjit24) Assam State Action Plan on Climate Change (2015 - 2020). Report. Assam: Department of Environment and Forest, Government of Assam, India, September 2015. 1-127.
me©RbK_v, AvM÷- A‡±vei 2019 17
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Z_¨m~Î1) GDP-Population-Area relationship of Indian States, statisticstimes.com, 20 March 20152) Assam's low per capita income is a concern: Finmin, Business Standard, April 24, 2018, https://bit.ly/2LSKLub3) fvi‡Z †K›`ª-ivR¨ m¤ú‡K© Avmv‡gi gZ cÖvwšÍK A‡ji ivR‰bwZK cÖvwšÍKZv bvbvfv‡eB bR‡i c‡o| †hgbÑG ch©šÍ fvi‡Z hZRb cÖavbgš¿x n‡q‡Qb, Zvu‡`i AwaKvskB DËi fviZxq| 14 Rb cÖavbgš¿xi g‡a¨ †Kej DËi cÖ‡`k †_‡KB n‡q‡Qb AvURb| Avmv‡gi gZ ivR¨ †_‡K GKRbI bq| gb‡gvnb wms‡K cÖavbgš¿x Kivi ¯^v‡_© Zvu‡K Avmvg †_‡K ivR¨mfvi m`m¨ Kiv n‡qwQjÑhw`I wkL ag©vej¤^x gb‡gvnb wms Kvh©Z cvÄv‡ei mšÍvb|4) GUv we‡klfv‡e aiv c‡o ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z e¨q Kivi gZ A‡_©i wnm¨v K‡g hvIqvi Z_¨ †_‡K| †dWv‡ij ivóª fvi‡Z miKvwi e¨‡qi gvÎ 5.1 kZvsk LiP nq ¯’vbxq miKvimg~‡ni gva¨‡g Ges GB wnm¨v µ‡g Kg‡Q| 2000 mv‡ji c~‡e© GUv 6.4 kZvs‡ki Ic‡i wQj|
†`Lyb : Pravakar Sahoo AND Amrita Sarkar, Changing Dynamics of Centre-State Financial Relations, www.insightsonindia.com, YOJANA, June 2013, P.4.5) GgbwK Ôcø¨vwbs KwgkbÕ †f‡O fviZ ÔbxwZ Av‡qvMÕ bv‡g †h †K›`ªxq cwiKíbv KvVv‡gv M‡o Zzj‡Z P‡j‡Q b‡i›`ª †gvw` miKviцmLv‡bI Zvi †Pqvig¨vb n‡jb cÖavbgš¿x| Z‡e Zv‡Z Mfwb©s ewW‡Z wewfbœ iv‡R¨i gyL¨gš¿x‡`i ivLv n‡q‡Q|6) †Zj I Pv A_©bxwZi Zzjbvq K…wli Ae`vb Z…Zxq †Kvb c¶ KZ…©K jywÉZ n‡q‡Q KgB| wKš‘ K…wli Ae`v‡b hv‡`i eo GK f‚wgKv wQj †mB gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i †kl ch©šÍ Amwgqv RvZxqZvev` cÖwZc¶ (ÔA‰ea AwfevmÕ!) wn‡m‡e Avwe®‹vi K‡i| Zv‡`i GB kΓ‡PZbvq †Zj I Pv Lv‡Zi cÖK…Z jvfevbiv fxlYfv‡e DcK…Z nq|7) Economic Characteristics of Assam ,https:// bit.ly/2KGrAmq8) M. Govinda Rao, Central transfers to states in India: Rewarding performance while ensuring equity (Final Report of a Study Submitted to NITI Aayog), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, p.11. https://bit.ly/2HtBJyb 9) Ibid. 10) Chauvinism and Economic Exploitation behind the Attack on Citizenship Rights of 40 lakh Working People in Assam, New Trade Union Initiative, August 1, 2018, https://bit.ly/2KKETCy11) The Hindu, 14 Nov. 2019, India.12) Avmv‡gi Ks‡MÖm †bZv Awgq Kzgvi `v‡mi GK e³e¨ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, †Zj I Pv‡qi ïé, Ki BZ¨vw` eve` Av‡q Avmvg †cZ gvÎ 4 kZvs‡ki gZ| Ditee Moni Baruah, The Refunery Movement in Assam, EPW, January 2011, p. 65.13) Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line,
https://bit.ly/2Gq8nBs14) 1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨B Avmv‡g eªþcyÎ I myigv DcZ¨Kvi me‡P‡q fvj Rwg¸‡jv Pv evMv‡bi bv‡g ÔeivÏÕ n‡q hvq| GB eiv‡Ïi †h‡nZz we‡kl †kÖwY PwiÎ i‡q‡Q, ZvB mvaviY f‚wgnxb gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i P‡ii Rwg eivÏ †hfv‡e Amwgqv eyw×Rxex †kÖwY‡K cÖwZev‡` gyLi K‡i‡Q, Pv evMvb gvwjK‡`i welq †mfv‡e K‡iwb| GLbI G wel‡q cÖkœ I‡V KgB|15) Ritupan Goswami, Rivers and History: Brahmaputra vally in the last two centuries, Phd thesis, JNU, 2010, chapter-III, p. 172. https://bit.ly/2INTGLN. 16) Julee Dutta, Centre-Assam Financial Relations: A Critical Analysis, www.iosrjournals.org, p.48.17) Tea workers demand hike in minimum wages in India, Peoples Dispatch, March 05, 2019, India.18) wWeª“Mo, †RvinvU I †ZRcyi †jvKmfv wbe©vPbx GjvKv|19) Assam tea workers seek parity with those elsewhere, Businessline, November 15, 2018, https://bit.ly/2L2wiv420) Firstpost, Dec 15, 2017, https://bit.ly/2UsZlXW21) †UwjMÖvd BwÛqvi cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx hv cÖvq GK †KvwU †`o jvL| Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line c~‡e©v³|22) Poverty line needs to be redefined: experts, The Daily star, October 25, 2018,https://bit.ly/2UiKCil23) NITI Aayog, SDG India Index, Baseline report 2018. https://bit.ly/2GDHjit24) Assam State Action Plan on Climate Change (2015 - 2020). Report. Assam: Department of Environment and Forest, Government of Assam, India, September 2015. 1-127.
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Z_¨m~Î1) GDP-Population-Area relationship of Indian States, statisticstimes.com, 20 March 20152) Assam's low per capita income is a concern: Finmin, Business Standard, April 24, 2018, https://bit.ly/2LSKLub3) fvi‡Z †K›`ª-ivR¨ m¤ú‡K© Avmv‡gi gZ cÖvwšÍK A‡ji ivR‰bwZK cÖvwšÍKZv bvbvfv‡eB bR‡i c‡o| †hgbÑG ch©šÍ fvi‡Z hZRb cÖavbgš¿x n‡q‡Qb, Zvu‡`i AwaKvskB DËi fviZxq| 14 Rb cÖavbgš¿xi g‡a¨ †Kej DËi cÖ‡`k †_‡KB n‡q‡Qb AvURb| Avmv‡gi gZ ivR¨ †_‡K GKRbI bq| gb‡gvnb wms‡K cÖavbgš¿x Kivi ¯^v‡_© Zvu‡K Avmvg †_‡K ivR¨mfvi m`m¨ Kiv n‡qwQjÑhw`I wkL ag©vej¤^x gb‡gvnb wms Kvh©Z cvÄv‡ei mšÍvb|4) GUv we‡klfv‡e aiv c‡o ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z e¨q Kivi gZ A‡_©i wnm¨v K‡g hvIqvi Z_¨ †_‡K| †dWv‡ij ivóª fvi‡Z miKvwi e¨‡qi gvÎ 5.1 kZvsk LiP nq ¯’vbxq miKvimg~‡ni gva¨‡g Ges GB wnm¨v µ‡g Kg‡Q| 2000 mv‡ji c~‡e© GUv 6.4 kZvs‡ki Ic‡i wQj|
†`Lyb : Pravakar Sahoo AND Amrita Sarkar, Changing Dynamics of Centre-State Financial Relations, www.insightsonindia.com, YOJANA, June 2013, P.4.5) GgbwK Ôcø¨vwbs KwgkbÕ †f‡O fviZ ÔbxwZ Av‡qvMÕ bv‡g †h †K›`ªxq cwiKíbv KvVv‡gv M‡o Zzj‡Z P‡j‡Q b‡i›`ª †gvw` miKviцmLv‡bI Zvi †Pqvig¨vb n‡jb cÖavbgš¿x| Z‡e Zv‡Z Mfwb©s ewW‡Z wewfbœ iv‡R¨i gyL¨gš¿x‡`i ivLv n‡q‡Q|6) †Zj I Pv A_©bxwZi Zzjbvq K…wli Ae`vb Z…Zxq †Kvb c¶ KZ…©K jywÉZ n‡q‡Q KgB| wKš‘ K…wli Ae`v‡b hv‡`i eo GK f‚wgKv wQj †mB gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i †kl ch©šÍ Amwgqv RvZxqZvev` cÖwZc¶ (ÔA‰ea AwfevmÕ!) wn‡m‡e Avwe®‹vi K‡i| Zv‡`i GB kΓ‡PZbvq †Zj I Pv Lv‡Zi cÖK…Z jvfevbiv fxlYfv‡e DcK…Z nq|7) Economic Characteristics of Assam ,https:// bit.ly/2KGrAmq8) M. Govinda Rao, Central transfers to states in India: Rewarding performance while ensuring equity (Final Report of a Study Submitted to NITI Aayog), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, p.11. https://bit.ly/2HtBJyb 9) Ibid. 10) Chauvinism and Economic Exploitation behind the Attack on Citizenship Rights of 40 lakh Working People in Assam, New Trade Union Initiative, August 1, 2018, https://bit.ly/2KKETCy11) The Hindu, 14 Nov. 2019, India.12) Avmv‡gi Ks‡MÖm †bZv Awgq Kzgvi `v‡mi GK e³e¨ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, †Zj I Pv‡qi ïé, Ki BZ¨vw` eve` Av‡q Avmvg †cZ gvÎ 4 kZvs‡ki gZ| Ditee Moni Baruah, The Refunery Movement in Assam, EPW, January 2011, p. 65.13) Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line,
https://bit.ly/2Gq8nBs14) 1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨B Avmv‡g eªþcyÎ I myigv DcZ¨Kvi me‡P‡q fvj Rwg¸‡jv Pv evMv‡bi bv‡g ÔeivÏÕ n‡q hvq| GB eiv‡Ïi †h‡nZz we‡kl †kÖwY PwiÎ i‡q‡Q, ZvB mvaviY f‚wgnxb gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i P‡ii Rwg eivÏ †hfv‡e Amwgqv eyw×Rxex †kÖwY‡K cÖwZev‡` gyLi K‡i‡Q, Pv evMvb gvwjK‡`i welq †mfv‡e K‡iwb| GLbI G wel‡q cÖkœ I‡V KgB|15) Ritupan Goswami, Rivers and History: Brahmaputra vally in the last two centuries, Phd thesis, JNU, 2010, chapter-III, p. 172. https://bit.ly/2INTGLN. 16) Julee Dutta, Centre-Assam Financial Relations: A Critical Analysis, www.iosrjournals.org, p.48.17) Tea workers demand hike in minimum wages in India, Peoples Dispatch, March 05, 2019, India.18) wWeª“Mo, †RvinvU I †ZRcyi †jvKmfv wbe©vPbx GjvKv|19) Assam tea workers seek parity with those elsewhere, Businessline, November 15, 2018, https://bit.ly/2L2wiv420) Firstpost, Dec 15, 2017, https://bit.ly/2UsZlXW21) †UwjMÖvd BwÛqvi cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx hv cÖvq GK †KvwU †`o jvL| Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line c~‡e©v³|22) Poverty line needs to be redefined: experts, The Daily star, October 25, 2018,https://bit.ly/2UiKCil23) NITI Aayog, SDG India Index, Baseline report 2018. https://bit.ly/2GDHjit24) Assam State Action Plan on Climate Change (2015 - 2020). Report. Assam: Department of Environment and Forest, Government of Assam, India, September 2015. 1-127.
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eQi eQ‡i Mo Awfevmb
1876-1880 29,973
1881-1885 29,344
1886-1890 41,077
1891-1895 55,200
1896-1900 63,991
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AvjZvd cvi‡fR : `w¶Y Gwkqvi BwZnvm M‡elKB-†gBj : [email protected]
Z_¨m~Î1) GDP-Population-Area relationship of Indian States, statisticstimes.com, 20 March 20152) Assam's low per capita income is a concern: Finmin, Business Standard, April 24, 2018, https://bit.ly/2LSKLub3) fvi‡Z †K›`ª-ivR¨ m¤ú‡K© Avmv‡gi gZ cÖvwšÍK A‡ji ivR‰bwZK cÖvwšÍKZv bvbvfv‡eB bR‡i c‡o| †hgbÑG ch©šÍ fvi‡Z hZRb cÖavbgš¿x n‡q‡Qb, Zvu‡`i AwaKvskB DËi fviZxq| 14 Rb cÖavbgš¿xi g‡a¨ †Kej DËi cÖ‡`k †_‡KB n‡q‡Qb AvURb| Avmv‡gi gZ ivR¨ †_‡K GKRbI bq| gb‡gvnb wms‡K cÖavbgš¿x Kivi ¯^v‡_© Zvu‡K Avmvg †_‡K ivR¨mfvi m`m¨ Kiv n‡qwQjÑhw`I wkL ag©vej¤^x gb‡gvnb wms Kvh©Z cvÄv‡ei mšÍvb|4) GUv we‡klfv‡e aiv c‡o ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z e¨q Kivi gZ A‡_©i wnm¨v K‡g hvIqvi Z_¨ †_‡K| †dWv‡ij ivóª fvi‡Z miKvwi e¨‡qi gvÎ 5.1 kZvsk LiP nq ¯’vbxq miKvimg~‡ni gva¨‡g Ges GB wnm¨v µ‡g Kg‡Q| 2000 mv‡ji c~‡e© GUv 6.4 kZvs‡ki Ic‡i wQj|
†`Lyb : Pravakar Sahoo AND Amrita Sarkar, Changing Dynamics of Centre-State Financial Relations, www.insightsonindia.com, YOJANA, June 2013, P.4.5) GgbwK Ôcø¨vwbs KwgkbÕ †f‡O fviZ ÔbxwZ Av‡qvMÕ bv‡g †h †K›`ªxq cwiKíbv KvVv‡gv M‡o Zzj‡Z P‡j‡Q b‡i›`ª †gvw` miKviцmLv‡bI Zvi †Pqvig¨vb n‡jb cÖavbgš¿x| Z‡e Zv‡Z Mfwb©s ewW‡Z wewfbœ iv‡R¨i gyL¨gš¿x‡`i ivLv n‡q‡Q|6) †Zj I Pv A_©bxwZi Zzjbvq K…wli Ae`vb Z…Zxq †Kvb c¶ KZ…©K jywÉZ n‡q‡Q KgB| wKš‘ K…wli Ae`v‡b hv‡`i eo GK f‚wgKv wQj †mB gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i †kl ch©šÍ Amwgqv RvZxqZvev` cÖwZc¶ (ÔA‰ea AwfevmÕ!) wn‡m‡e Avwe®‹vi K‡i| Zv‡`i GB kΓ‡PZbvq †Zj I Pv Lv‡Zi cÖK…Z jvfevbiv fxlYfv‡e DcK…Z nq|7) Economic Characteristics of Assam ,https:// bit.ly/2KGrAmq8) M. Govinda Rao, Central transfers to states in India: Rewarding performance while ensuring equity (Final Report of a Study Submitted to NITI Aayog), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, p.11. https://bit.ly/2HtBJyb 9) Ibid. 10) Chauvinism and Economic Exploitation behind the Attack on Citizenship Rights of 40 lakh Working People in Assam, New Trade Union Initiative, August 1, 2018, https://bit.ly/2KKETCy11) The Hindu, 14 Nov. 2019, India.12) Avmv‡gi Ks‡MÖm †bZv Awgq Kzgvi `v‡mi GK e³e¨ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, †Zj I Pv‡qi ïé, Ki BZ¨vw` eve` Av‡q Avmvg †cZ gvÎ 4 kZvs‡ki gZ| Ditee Moni Baruah, The Refunery Movement in Assam, EPW, January 2011, p. 65.13) Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line,
https://bit.ly/2Gq8nBs14) 1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨B Avmv‡g eªþcyÎ I myigv DcZ¨Kvi me‡P‡q fvj Rwg¸‡jv Pv evMv‡bi bv‡g ÔeivÏÕ n‡q hvq| GB eiv‡Ïi †h‡nZz we‡kl †kÖwY PwiÎ i‡q‡Q, ZvB mvaviY f‚wgnxb gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i P‡ii Rwg eivÏ †hfv‡e Amwgqv eyw×Rxex †kÖwY‡K cÖwZev‡` gyLi K‡i‡Q, Pv evMvb gvwjK‡`i welq †mfv‡e K‡iwb| GLbI G wel‡q cÖkœ I‡V KgB|15) Ritupan Goswami, Rivers and History: Brahmaputra vally in the last two centuries, Phd thesis, JNU, 2010, chapter-III, p. 172. https://bit.ly/2INTGLN. 16) Julee Dutta, Centre-Assam Financial Relations: A Critical Analysis, www.iosrjournals.org, p.48.17) Tea workers demand hike in minimum wages in India, Peoples Dispatch, March 05, 2019, India.18) wWeª“Mo, †RvinvU I †ZRcyi †jvKmfv wbe©vPbx GjvKv|19) Assam tea workers seek parity with those elsewhere, Businessline, November 15, 2018, https://bit.ly/2L2wiv420) Firstpost, Dec 15, 2017, https://bit.ly/2UsZlXW21) †UwjMÖvd BwÛqvi cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx hv cÖvq GK †KvwU †`o jvL| Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line c~‡e©v³|22) Poverty line needs to be redefined: experts, The Daily star, October 25, 2018,https://bit.ly/2UiKCil23) NITI Aayog, SDG India Index, Baseline report 2018. https://bit.ly/2GDHjit24) Assam State Action Plan on Climate Change (2015 - 2020). Report. Assam: Department of Environment and Forest, Government of Assam, India, September 2015. 1-127.
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Z_¨m~Î1) GDP-Population-Area relationship of Indian States, statisticstimes.com, 20 March 20152) Assam's low per capita income is a concern: Finmin, Business Standard, April 24, 2018, https://bit.ly/2LSKLub3) fvi‡Z †K›`ª-ivR¨ m¤ú‡K© Avmv‡gi gZ cÖvwšÍK A‡ji ivR‰bwZK cÖvwšÍKZv bvbvfv‡eB bR‡i c‡o| †hgbÑG ch©šÍ fvi‡Z hZRb cÖavbgš¿x n‡q‡Qb, Zvu‡`i AwaKvskB DËi fviZxq| 14 Rb cÖavbgš¿xi g‡a¨ †Kej DËi cÖ‡`k †_‡KB n‡q‡Qb AvURb| Avmv‡gi gZ ivR¨ †_‡K GKRbI bq| gb‡gvnb wms‡K cÖavbgš¿x Kivi ¯^v‡_© Zvu‡K Avmvg †_‡K ivR¨mfvi m`m¨ Kiv n‡qwQjÑhw`I wkL ag©vej¤^x gb‡gvnb wms Kvh©Z cvÄv‡ei mšÍvb|4) GUv we‡klfv‡e aiv c‡o ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z e¨q Kivi gZ A‡_©i wnm¨v K‡g hvIqvi Z_¨ †_‡K| †dWv‡ij ivóª fvi‡Z miKvwi e¨‡qi gvÎ 5.1 kZvsk LiP nq ¯’vbxq miKvimg~‡ni gva¨‡g Ges GB wnm¨v µ‡g Kg‡Q| 2000 mv‡ji c~‡e© GUv 6.4 kZvs‡ki Ic‡i wQj|
†`Lyb : Pravakar Sahoo AND Amrita Sarkar, Changing Dynamics of Centre-State Financial Relations, www.insightsonindia.com, YOJANA, June 2013, P.4.5) GgbwK Ôcø¨vwbs KwgkbÕ †f‡O fviZ ÔbxwZ Av‡qvMÕ bv‡g †h †K›`ªxq cwiKíbv KvVv‡gv M‡o Zzj‡Z P‡j‡Q b‡i›`ª †gvw` miKviцmLv‡bI Zvi †Pqvig¨vb n‡jb cÖavbgš¿x| Z‡e Zv‡Z Mfwb©s ewW‡Z wewfbœ iv‡R¨i gyL¨gš¿x‡`i ivLv n‡q‡Q|6) †Zj I Pv A_©bxwZi Zzjbvq K…wli Ae`vb Z…Zxq †Kvb c¶ KZ…©K jywÉZ n‡q‡Q KgB| wKš‘ K…wli Ae`v‡b hv‡`i eo GK f‚wgKv wQj †mB gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i †kl ch©šÍ Amwgqv RvZxqZvev` cÖwZc¶ (ÔA‰ea AwfevmÕ!) wn‡m‡e Avwe®‹vi K‡i| Zv‡`i GB kΓ‡PZbvq †Zj I Pv Lv‡Zi cÖK…Z jvfevbiv fxlYfv‡e DcK…Z nq|7) Economic Characteristics of Assam ,https:// bit.ly/2KGrAmq8) M. Govinda Rao, Central transfers to states in India: Rewarding performance while ensuring equity (Final Report of a Study Submitted to NITI Aayog), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, p.11. https://bit.ly/2HtBJyb 9) Ibid. 10) Chauvinism and Economic Exploitation behind the Attack on Citizenship Rights of 40 lakh Working People in Assam, New Trade Union Initiative, August 1, 2018, https://bit.ly/2KKETCy11) The Hindu, 14 Nov. 2019, India.12) Avmv‡gi Ks‡MÖm †bZv Awgq Kzgvi `v‡mi GK e³e¨ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, †Zj I Pv‡qi ïé, Ki BZ¨vw` eve` Av‡q Avmvg †cZ gvÎ 4 kZvs‡ki gZ| Ditee Moni Baruah, The Refunery Movement in Assam, EPW, January 2011, p. 65.13) Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line,
https://bit.ly/2Gq8nBs14) 1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨B Avmv‡g eªþcyÎ I myigv DcZ¨Kvi me‡P‡q fvj Rwg¸‡jv Pv evMv‡bi bv‡g ÔeivÏÕ n‡q hvq| GB eiv‡Ïi †h‡nZz we‡kl †kÖwY PwiÎ i‡q‡Q, ZvB mvaviY f‚wgnxb gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i P‡ii Rwg eivÏ †hfv‡e Amwgqv eyw×Rxex †kÖwY‡K cÖwZev‡` gyLi K‡i‡Q, Pv evMvb gvwjK‡`i welq †mfv‡e K‡iwb| GLbI G wel‡q cÖkœ I‡V KgB|15) Ritupan Goswami, Rivers and History: Brahmaputra vally in the last two centuries, Phd thesis, JNU, 2010, chapter-III, p. 172. https://bit.ly/2INTGLN. 16) Julee Dutta, Centre-Assam Financial Relations: A Critical Analysis, www.iosrjournals.org, p.48.17) Tea workers demand hike in minimum wages in India, Peoples Dispatch, March 05, 2019, India.18) wWeª“Mo, †RvinvU I †ZRcyi †jvKmfv wbe©vPbx GjvKv|19) Assam tea workers seek parity with those elsewhere, Businessline, November 15, 2018, https://bit.ly/2L2wiv420) Firstpost, Dec 15, 2017, https://bit.ly/2UsZlXW21) †UwjMÖvd BwÛqvi cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx hv cÖvq GK †KvwU †`o jvL| Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line c~‡e©v³|22) Poverty line needs to be redefined: experts, The Daily star, October 25, 2018,https://bit.ly/2UiKCil23) NITI Aayog, SDG India Index, Baseline report 2018. https://bit.ly/2GDHjit24) Assam State Action Plan on Climate Change (2015 - 2020). Report. Assam: Department of Environment and Forest, Government of Assam, India, September 2015. 1-127.
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AvjZvd cvi‡fR : `w¶Y Gwkqvi BwZnvm M‡elKB-†gBj : [email protected]
Z_¨m~Î1) GDP-Population-Area relationship of Indian States, statisticstimes.com, 20 March 20152) Assam's low per capita income is a concern: Finmin, Business Standard, April 24, 2018, https://bit.ly/2LSKLub3) fvi‡Z †K›`ª-ivR¨ m¤ú‡K© Avmv‡gi gZ cÖvwšÍK A‡ji ivR‰bwZK cÖvwšÍKZv bvbvfv‡eB bR‡i c‡o| †hgbÑG ch©šÍ fvi‡Z hZRb cÖavbgš¿x n‡q‡Qb, Zvu‡`i AwaKvskB DËi fviZxq| 14 Rb cÖavbgš¿xi g‡a¨ †Kej DËi cÖ‡`k †_‡KB n‡q‡Qb AvURb| Avmv‡gi gZ ivR¨ †_‡K GKRbI bq| gb‡gvnb wms‡K cÖavbgš¿x Kivi ¯^v‡_© Zvu‡K Avmvg †_‡K ivR¨mfvi m`m¨ Kiv n‡qwQjÑhw`I wkL ag©vej¤^x gb‡gvnb wms Kvh©Z cvÄv‡ei mšÍvb|4) GUv we‡klfv‡e aiv c‡o ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii nv‡Z e¨q Kivi gZ A‡_©i wnm¨v K‡g hvIqvi Z_¨ †_‡K| †dWv‡ij ivóª fvi‡Z miKvwi e¨‡qi gvÎ 5.1 kZvsk LiP nq ¯’vbxq miKvimg~‡ni gva¨‡g Ges GB wnm¨v µ‡g Kg‡Q| 2000 mv‡ji c~‡e© GUv 6.4 kZvs‡ki Ic‡i wQj|
†`Lyb : Pravakar Sahoo AND Amrita Sarkar, Changing Dynamics of Centre-State Financial Relations, www.insightsonindia.com, YOJANA, June 2013, P.4.5) GgbwK Ôcø¨vwbs KwgkbÕ †f‡O fviZ ÔbxwZ Av‡qvMÕ bv‡g †h †K›`ªxq cwiKíbv KvVv‡gv M‡o Zzj‡Z P‡j‡Q b‡i›`ª †gvw` miKviцmLv‡bI Zvi †Pqvig¨vb n‡jb cÖavbgš¿x| Z‡e Zv‡Z Mfwb©s ewW‡Z wewfbœ iv‡R¨i gyL¨gš¿x‡`i ivLv n‡q‡Q|6) †Zj I Pv A_©bxwZi Zzjbvq K…wli Ae`vb Z…Zxq †Kvb c¶ KZ…©K jywÉZ n‡q‡Q KgB| wKš‘ K…wli Ae`v‡b hv‡`i eo GK f‚wgKv wQj †mB gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i †kl ch©šÍ Amwgqv RvZxqZvev` cÖwZc¶ (ÔA‰ea AwfevmÕ!) wn‡m‡e Avwe®‹vi K‡i| Zv‡`i GB kΓ‡PZbvq †Zj I Pv Lv‡Zi cÖK…Z jvfevbiv fxlYfv‡e DcK…Z nq|7) Economic Characteristics of Assam ,https:// bit.ly/2KGrAmq8) M. Govinda Rao, Central transfers to states in India: Rewarding performance while ensuring equity (Final Report of a Study Submitted to NITI Aayog), National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, p.11. https://bit.ly/2HtBJyb 9) Ibid. 10) Chauvinism and Economic Exploitation behind the Attack on Citizenship Rights of 40 lakh Working People in Assam, New Trade Union Initiative, August 1, 2018, https://bit.ly/2KKETCy11) The Hindu, 14 Nov. 2019, India.12) Avmv‡gi Ks‡MÖm †bZv Awgq Kzgvi `v‡mi GK e³e¨ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, †Zj I Pv‡qi ïé, Ki BZ¨vw` eve` Av‡q Avmvg †cZ gvÎ 4 kZvs‡ki gZ| Ditee Moni Baruah, The Refunery Movement in Assam, EPW, January 2011, p. 65.13) Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line,
https://bit.ly/2Gq8nBs14) 1900 mv‡ji g‡a¨B Avmv‡g eªþcyÎ I myigv DcZ¨Kvi me‡P‡q fvj Rwg¸‡jv Pv evMv‡bi bv‡g ÔeivÏÕ n‡q hvq| GB eiv‡Ïi †h‡nZz we‡kl †kÖwY PwiÎ i‡q‡Q, ZvB mvaviY f‚wgnxb gymjgvb Pvwl‡`i P‡ii Rwg eivÏ †hfv‡e Amwgqv eyw×Rxex †kÖwY‡K cÖwZev‡` gyLi K‡i‡Q, Pv evMvb gvwjK‡`i welq †mfv‡e K‡iwb| GLbI G wel‡q cÖkœ I‡V KgB|15) Ritupan Goswami, Rivers and History: Brahmaputra vally in the last two centuries, Phd thesis, JNU, 2010, chapter-III, p. 172. https://bit.ly/2INTGLN. 16) Julee Dutta, Centre-Assam Financial Relations: A Critical Analysis, www.iosrjournals.org, p.48.17) Tea workers demand hike in minimum wages in India, Peoples Dispatch, March 05, 2019, India.18) wWeª“Mo, †RvinvU I †ZRcyi †jvKmfv wbe©vPbx GjvKv|19) Assam tea workers seek parity with those elsewhere, Businessline, November 15, 2018, https://bit.ly/2L2wiv420) Firstpost, Dec 15, 2017, https://bit.ly/2UsZlXW21) †UwjMÖvd BwÛqvi cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx hv cÖvq GK †KvwU †`o jvL| Pankaj Sarma, 32% below poverty line c~‡e©v³|22) Poverty line needs to be redefined: experts, The Daily star, October 25, 2018,https://bit.ly/2UiKCil23) NITI Aayog, SDG India Index, Baseline report 2018. https://bit.ly/2GDHjit24) Assam State Action Plan on Climate Change (2015 - 2020). Report. Assam: Department of Environment and Forest, Government of Assam, India, September 2015. 1-127.
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