TP HUN chuyn bin ng

Din gi: L Th Xun Lan BUI TP HUN

Chuyn BO - T THN BIN NG NI DUNGI. Nhng hiu bit c bn v nh hng ca bin ng n thin nhin Vit Nam 1. Khi qut v bin ng 2. nh hng ca bin ng n thin nhin Vit NamII. Din bin tht thng ca bo trong nhng nm gn yIII. Mt s bin php phng, trnh, ng ph vi bo v p thp nhit i

1. Khi qut v bin ng

S = 3477 triu km2Bin kn, c bao bc bi cc vng cung oBin ng nm trong vng nhit i m gi ma2. nh hng ca bin ng n thin nhin Vit Nam Kh hua hnh v cc h sinh thi vng ven binTi nguyn thin nhin vng binThin tai

a) Kh hu m ln do ma nhiu Gim tnh cht khc nghit ca thi tit Kh hu mang c tnh hi dng, iu ha hn.b) a hnh v cc HST vng ven bin

a hnh ven bin a dng: b bin mi mn, tam gic chu, bi ct, m ph, cn ct, vng, vnh, o ven b HST ven bin phong ph: HST rng ngp mn (450 nghn ha), HST trn t phn, HST rng trn cc o,Cc dng a hnh ven b

i Ct Bay

Cn ctMt s hnh nh v m ph

H sinh thi rng ngp mn

c) Ti nguyn thin nhin vng binTi nguyn khong sn: tr lng ln v gi tr nht l du kh (B Nam Cn Sn, Cu Long,), titan, mui, Ti nguyn hi sn: 2000 loi c, hn 100 loi tm, mc, ph du, san h

C ngMc ngTi nguyn khong snDu kh

Khai thc titan

Sn xut muid) Thin taiBo v p thp nhit iSc l b binCt bay, ct ln Cn phi s dng hp l TN bin, phng chng nhim MT bin, thin tai,Hnh nh thin tai bin ng

Ct bay

Sc l b binHin tng ct bay tn cng Tp. Vng Tungy 10/04/2007

Cng nhn v sinh vt v xc ct gii phng mt ng

Ct xm ln ng inh hng ca bo

Bo v p thp nhit i

Bo Durian thng 12 nm 2006Khi nimBo l hin tng c bit nguy him, gy ra gi rt mnh, c th nh m tu thuyn, lm nh ca; ma rt ln, gy l lt nghim trng, c khi tr thnh thm haBo v p thp nhit i c gi chung l xoy thun nhit i. Xoy thun nhit i l mt vng gi xoy, c ng knh rng ti hng trm km, hnh thnh trn vng bin nhit i17

t t cp 6 n cp 7 (tc l t 39 - 61 km/gi) gi l p thp nhit it t cp 8 tr ln (tc l t 62 km/gi tr ln) gi l boiu kin hnh thnh bo trn mt bin sn sinh hi ncNn nhit >26,5oC bc hi ncThuc v 5o - 20o c lc quay ln

mt bin c hi nc bc ln cao, p sut khu vc gip mt nc gim xung, khi lng khng kh cc vng ln cn s lan vo b sung phn chnh lch p xut. Cng lc di s nh hng ca lc quay tri t ni s hnh thnh nn mt vng xoy. Khi khng kh nng bc ln cao gp lnh th ngng t thnh nhng ht nc, qu trnh ny li gii phng ra nhit lng gip cho tng khng kh thp bn di khng ngng bc ln cao, phn gip nc bin p sut khng kh li tip tc xung thp, khng kh xoy chuyn ng cng ngy cng cao. chnh l bo19c im boBo thng km theo ma nhiuGi thi xoy vo trung tm theo hng ngc chiu kim ng hp sut kh quyn thp hn 1000mbTc gi ty theo v tr ca tm bo v gi mi trng

bo chuyn ng mt khi khng kh m rt ln. Khng kh m cng ln cao th hi nc m n cha ng li thnh my v ma cng nhiu, cho nn vng bo khng nhng c gi mnh m li c my c ph kn v ma nhiu20Cu trc ca bo

ng knh khong 30 - 60 km, l vng tng i lng gi, quang my300 - 500 kmL bc tng my dy xung quanh mt bo, c gi mnh v ma to nht ra ngoi ca bo,rng hng trm km, chuyn ng xon chm theo hng ngc chiu kim ng h gi mnh + ma toS di chuyn ca bong di chuyn: hng Ty Ty Bc, Ty Bc, Ty Nam, cng c khi ng i phc tp ngon ngoo tr ra hng ng - BcQuy lut chung

Nhng nguy him do bo gy raGi mnhC bo (t cp 8 tr ln), xy ra ngay pha bn phi ca thnh mt bo nguy him n tnh mng con ngi.Thng suy gim nhanh khong 12 gi sau khi bo b.

Nhng nguy him do bo gy raMa lMa ln (khong 100 n 300 mm) l lt. Nu nh cn bo ln v chuyn ng chm th lng ma gy nn s ln hn nhiu.

H thng thot nc ca nhiu thnh ph ven bin c th khng th that nc kp do a hnh thoi ca cc khu vc ven bin ny. Khi b, mt cn bo trung bnh c th gy nn tng lng ma khong 100 n 300 mm. Nu nh cn bo ln v chuyn ng chm th lng ma gy nn s ln hn nhiu24Nhng nguy him do bo gy raT lcCc cn bo mnh cng c th gy nn t lc tng thm mc tn ph ca bo.Ngoi ra cn c th km theo ma ging

T lcMa gingII. Din bin tht thng ca bo trong nhng nm gn yTht thng c v thi gian, a im v tnh cht.

Bnh thngTht thngThng 7Pha BcThng 3-4Pha Nam

Nm 2008Nm 2008, c 3 bn tin nhn nh v xoy thun nhit i (XTN bao gm: p thp nhit i v bo). Trong 2 bn tin ca H Tng hp Hng Kng v Vin Nghin cu quc t v KH v XH u cho rng s lng XTN hot ng trn khu vc bin ng, cao hn mc trung bnh khong 2 cn, t 12 - 15 cn (trung bnh l 12 cn). Ring trong ma (thng 7, 8, 9) XTN c khong 5 - 6 cn hot ng trn khu vc bin ng.C th im qua nhng cn bo tht thng trong lch s t 2008 - 2012Nm 2009C cn bo s 9 b vo min Trung Vit Nam cui thng 9/2009, c nh gi l cn bo mnh nht trong lch s 45 nm qua ti Vit Nam vi nhiu tn tht v ngi v ca. 162 ngi cht thit hi 14,3 ngn t ng Nhng con s kinh khng do cn bo kinh hong gy ra i vi khc rut min Trung Vit Nam, vi t nc Vit Nam nh b.Nm 2010Nhn chung trn c nc, ma ma bo nm 2010 kt thc mun so vi trung bnh nhiu nm, khong cui thng 10. c bit, s cn bo hot ng trn khu vc Bin ng t hn trung bnh nhiu nm, khong 10 - 12 cn trong khi trung bnh 14 - 15 cn. Tuy nhin, s cn bo, p thp nhit i nh hng trc tip n Vit Nam li cao hn, khong 6-7 cn trong khi trung bnh hng nm ch c 5- 6 cn. Cng cc cn bo cng mnh v din bin c bit phc tp khi vo cc tnh min Trung. Nm 2010 c nhng cn bo mnh cp 14 - 15 nh hng n nc ta v tp trung vo cui ma.Nm 2012Nm 2012 c d bo l bo vp thp nhitihot ng trn khu vc Bin ng c kh nng nhiu hn trung bnh nhiu nm v xut hin sm hn so vi quy lut hng nm.iuny c minh chng khi cn bo s 1 xut hin ngay t cui thng 3. c bit hn, cn bo u ma ny li xut hin ti cc tnh pha Nam ch khng phi min Bc hay min Trung nh mi nm.Cn bo s 1 him gp ny cng gy thit hi kh nng n cho 7 tnh pha nam k c v ngi v ti sn.

Nhng hnh nh v cn bo bt thng-bo s 1-nm 2012

ng i ca bo s 1-nm 2012Bo trn ph Ct LiHu qu li sau cn bo

III. Mt s bin php phng, trnh, ng ph vi bo v p thp nhit i1. Trc ma ma boNh Cng trnh xy dngCy xanhin, vin thngPhng tin, tu thuynCng trnh phc v sn xut nng, lm, ng nghipGiao thng

Cn tng cng d bo v a thng tin sm, kp thiTuy nhin, khng c d bo no ng 100%, d bo ng nht t nhng i mnh trn th gii cng khong 65-70%, vn cn 35-30% d bo sai. D bo ng trong d bo di hn l iu khng tng. Hin ti, Vit Nam cng cha c mt m hnh d bo no d bo c s lng cn bo nh hng n Vit Nam, m ch d bo c s lng bo hot ng trn bin ng.

33a. Nh -Xy dng cc nh kin c, thng xuyn chng chng nh ca tng vng chc nhm phng bo, p thp nhit i. cc ca bin, ven bin, ni trng tri, nu nh lp bng l, tn trng km, fibro xi mng, ngi c th dn ln mi nh cc loi thanh np bng g, st, dy km c ln hoc cc bao cha ct hn ch tc mi khi c bo, p thp nhit i.-Mt s bin php chng chng nh ca:i vi nh mi l: dng ging ch A v dy neo chng tc mi, nh.

K thut chng chng tc mi, nh

i vi nh mi tn, fibro xi mng

Chng tc mi tn, fibro xi mng bng bao ct

i vi nh mi ngi

Hm tr nKinh nghim mt s vng thng xuyn c bo, p thp nhit i bo m an ton tnh mng, ngi ta lm hm tr n nh sau: Tm mt vng t cao khng b ngp nc, xung quanh khng c ct in, cy ci ln. Sau o su khu t xung khong 0,5m, dng bao ct chn xung quanh dy 2-3 lp cao khong 1,5m, khng nn chn cao phng gi cun, pha trn ph bng vt liu nh. Ty theo rng, mi hm nh vy c th cho vi chc ngi tr n kh an ton.

b. Cng trnh xy dngSa cha nhng cng trnh xung cp khng m bo an ton, nht l chung c c.Khi xy dng cng trnh mi cn tnh ton n kh nng chu lc ca cng trnh trc s tc ng ca gi bo, p thp nhit i.

c. Cy xanhCht ta cnh, nhnh ca cc cy cao, d gy , mc rng, nm gn nh , li inC k hoch trng cy xanh hp l, va m bo to cnh quan, mi trng sinh thi, va m bo chng c gi bo, p thp nhit i.d. in, vin thngDuy tu, sa cha ng dy in, ng dy vin thng khng m bo an ton v tng bc ngm ha h thng ng dy in, ng dy vin thng, nht l khu vc ni thnh.e. Phng tin, tu thuynKim tra s lng tu thuyn, kim tra ng kim, ng trng hot ng ca tu thuyn. i vi cc tu thuyn khng t tiu chun cht lng, s khng gia hn hot ng; i vi cc tu thuyn khng trang b cc phng tin an ton th buc ch tu thuyn phi trang b mi c gia hn hot ng. M cc lp bi dng nghip v i bin, o to thuyn trng hng nh cho ng dn.

f. Cng trnh phc v sn xut nng, lm, ng nghipKim tra, gia c b vng, b tha, sa cha cc p, cng bng, trang b li cc np cng b h hng, b sung np cng cn thiu. Kim tra v sa cha cc my bm, trm bm tiu, no vt knh mng nhm bo v sn xut, bo v ao h nui trng thy sn.

g. Giao thngKim tra h thng thot nc, no vt cc h ga, cng rnh b bi lng, lp t mi h thng cng nhm m bo cho vic tiu thot nc trong ma ma bo;Kim tra, nng cp, sa cha cc cy cu yu, khng m bo an ton;Kim tra hot ng ca cc bn ngang, dc, nht l vic trang b cc thit b an ton v ti trng cho php ca cc

2. ng ph vi bo, p thp nhit iang trong nh kin cang trong nh khng kin cang i trn ngang trn tu thuynD tr thc n, nc ungCh ng thu hoch

2. ng ph vi bo, p thp nhit iang trong nh kin cBt kn ca v cc khe ca, ca cng kn gi th chng bo, p thp nhit i cng tt, v vy phi ng kn ca trnh gi thi tc vo nh. Nh kin c vn c th b tn ph, cho d khng b sp.

Khng ra ngoi khi c ma to, gi mnh trnh b cy ng ln ngi, gi qut ng hay tn bay chm vo ngi. Cn ch , khi tm bo, p thp nhit i n th gi v ma ngng hn, tri quang my tnh, nhng ngay sau gi, ma li ni ln vi hng ngc li.V vy sau vi gi bo, p thp nhit i i qua mi nn ri khi nh.

b. ang trong nh khng kin cNn ch ng s tn n cc nh kin c, cc cng trnh cng cng kin c nh tr s c quan nh nc, trng hc, trm y t, nh vn ha tr n; tuyt i khng li trn cc chi canh, lng b nui trng hi sn;Nu c o hm tr n th phi nhanh chng s tn xung hm.

c. ang i trn ngNhanh chng chn mt ni an ton nh tr s c quan nh nc, trng hc, trm y t, nh vn ha tr n. Trnh np di bng cy, nh tm b, nhng ni c nhiu bng hiu qung co d gy tai nn.d. ang trn tu thuynThng xuyn theo di tin d bo thi tit trn cc phng tin thng tin, h thng tn hiu bo bo, ng thi ch quan st bu tri v mt bin nhn bit thi tit. Khi nhn c tin bo, p thp nhit i th ty thuc vo v tr ca tu thuyn ang hot ng, v tr cng hng di chuyn ca bo, p thp nhit i m kp thi cho tu thuyn vo b hoc trnh xa vng nh hng ca bo, p thp nhit i.

e. D tr thc n, nc ungD tr thc n, nc ungcho gia nh ti thiu 07 n 10 ngy.Chun b cc loi m bo nh sng nh n du, n pin, hp gaz, v khi bo, p thp nhit i nh hng c th gy mt in.Chun b thuc cha bnh thng thng s dng, v bo, p thp nhit i b s gy ma to, c th gy ngp lt lm ngun nc b nhim gy dch bnhf. Ch ng thu hochCh ng thu hochcc sn phm nng nghip, sn phm nui trng thy, hi sn trc khi bo, p thp nhit i b gim thiu thit hi.THE END!