bai 4-mau cau tieng anh-p1

8/3/2019 Bai 4-Mau Cau Tieng Anh-P1

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BI 4: MU CU TING ANH (P1)(ENGLISH SENTENCE PATTERNS)

Trong bi ny chng ta hy cng nhau xem xt cc loi mu cu

c bn trong ting Anh. Kin thc v mu cu c bn s gip ccem rt nhiu trong vic s l cc bi tp ng php, d l bi trcnghim hay bi t lun.

Cc mu cu c bn ca ting Anh c th chia thnh 5 nhm trnc s c tnh ca ng t trong cu.

Nhm L (linking verb)S + V + complementV d: The watermen werebusy.

y l nhm c ng t lin hnh: be, seem , look, ...N bao gm ba thnh phn: Chng (S), ng t (V) v b tc ng(C)

Nhm I (intransitive verb)S + VV d: He fell.

y l nhm c ni ng t nh:fall, sleep, ...N bao gm hai thnh phn: Chng (S), ng t (V). Ni ng tkhng cn c tn ng.

Nhm T (transitive verb)

S + V + OV d: He used a rail link.

y l nhm c ng t ngoi

nh: take, buy, ...N bao gm ba thnh phn: Chng (S), ng t (V) v tn ng(O).

Nhm D (double transitiveverb)

S + V + O1 + O2V d: He sent a parcel to his

y l nhm c ng t ngoi kpnh: give, find...

N bao gm bn thnh phn: Chng (S), ng t (V), tn ng trc1


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sister. tip (direct object) v tn ng gintip (indirect object).

Nhm C (complex transitiveverb)

S + V + O + CV d: I expected her morebeautiful than that.

Nhm cui cng l C. y l nhmc ng t ngoi phc hp, nh:

give, find...N bao gm bn thnh phn:Subject (ch ng)Verb transsitive (ng t ngoi),Direct object (tn ng trc tip) vCompliment (b tc ng ca tnng trc tip. )

y l nm nhm mu cu c bn. Cc loi cu khc cng phisinh t nhng cu ny bng cch ghp vi nhau theo nhng quytc ng php nht nh.

1. NHM MU CU C NG T LIN H (L)

Cng thc: S + Linking V + Subject complement (adjective orNP)

Nh vy, cu to cu vi ng t lin h bao gm: ch ng sau l ng t lin h v theo

sau ng t l b tc ng (complement).

Complement ca ng t lin h l mt trong hai yu t: hoc ltnh t hoc cm tnh t (adjective/adjective phrase)hoc l mtnhm danh t (NP)

V d 1:S V adjectiveThe teacher was interesting

The soup tasted delicious

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Trong v d ny, tnh t lm b ng trong mu cu nhm Lthng miu t phm cht, c im hay trnh by mt nhn xtv ch ng:- Bi hc th v- Mn canh n ngon

V d 2:S V NPLan is my younger sister (Lan l em gi ti)The boys remained my best of friends (My cu y vn l bntt ca ti)

Khi hc mu cu gm ch ng ( Subject)+ ng t (V) + tnh thoc cm tnh t(adjective/ adjective phrase)Chng ta cn ghi nh cc ng t lin h thng i vi chng

S V adjective

Linking verbs: to be, appear, taste, look, become, get, go, remain,

V d:----------Subject-----------------------Linking------------------ Adjective(phrase)

1 The lesson was interesting.

2 The damage appears (to be) serious.

3 The soup tasted delicious.

4 The beach looked deserted.

5 The game became more exciting.

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6 The actors got ready.

7 The milk went sour.

8 The cinemas remained open all week.

9. To give time to theproject

became more difficult.

Ch , trong cu trc ny, b ngl mt tnh t, nhinteresting, serious (trong cu 1&2) hoc mt nhm tnh tnh more exciting(cu 5) v open all week(cu 8).

Ngoi ra, ng t appear(cu 2) c th i vi to be thnhcm appear to be

Bi tp thc hnh:Hy c on sau v tm ra nhng cu trc c ng t lin h.

Midori ItoMidori Ito, the Japanese skating champion, wanted to win a goldmedal at the 1992 Olympics. She was a very skillful skater. Andshe was famous for her amazing jumps. In 1989, she skated inthe World Championships in Paris. In that competition, she did avery difficult jump. She became the first Asian skater to win thiscompetition.

p n:Subject-----Verb----------Noun phrase

1. She was a very skillful skater.2. She became the first Asian skater to win this

competition.

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Subject-----Verb----------djective

3.And she was famous for her amazing jumps.

Trong on dn, c ba cu c cha ng t lin h. Trong cu 1 v cu 2 c mu: Ch ng + ng t lin h + cmdanh t

Cu 3 c mu: Ch ng + ng t lin h + tnh tCu 1: She was a very skillful skater.C ch ng l she, ng t lin h was v cm danh t ng saung t lin h l a very skillful skaterCu 2:She became the first Asian skater to win thiscompetition.C ch ng l She, ng t lin h became v cm danh t thefirst Asian skater to win this competitionCu 3: And she was famous for her amazing jumpC ch ng l she, ng t lin h was v tnh t famous

Ch , thnh t complement trong cu c ng t lin h c th lmt danh t hoc mt nhm danh t.S V NP

Di y l mt s v d ca mu cu gm ch ng (Subject)+ ng t lin h ( Linking verb) + B tc ng l danh thoc cm danh t ( noun or noun phrase as subject complent

)

----------Subject-----------------------Linking------------------ Adjective(phrase)

1. Minh is my younger brother.

2. That appears(tobe) the best answer.

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3. Quang seems the man we'relooking for.

4. Xun became a teacher.

5. This proved (to

be)

a good investment.

6. The boys remained the best of friends.

7. To stay outof sight

seemed (tobe)

the wisest thing todo.

Ch , trong cu trc ny complement l mt danh t hoc nhm

danh t (NP) nh: the best answer(trong cu 2), the wisest thingto do (trong cu 7).

Ngoi ra cc ng t: appear, seem vprove

c th i vi ng t to be.

Hy c on ng sau v xc nh:

Nhng ng t lin h no vi mt tnh t/cm tnh tNhng ng t lin h no i vi mt danh t/cm danh t

When Michelle Yeoh was a girl, she dreamed of being adancer. Later on, she became a beauty queen. But she isntfamous for these things. She is famous for her amazing workin movies as an actress and stunt performer.

Michelle Yeoh is one of the most famous actors in the world.Her amazing stunts fascinate people everywhere.

Trong on ng va ri chng ta gp c hai dng cu:

S Linking V NP v

S Linking V Adjective

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Cc cu c cu trc Subject+ linking Verb + Noun/Nounphrase gm:S Linking VN/NP

Michelle Yeoh was a girl

She became a beautyqueen

Michelle Yeoh is one of themostfamousactors

Cc cu c cu trc Subject+ linking Verb +adjective/adjective phrase gm:S Linking VA/AP

she isnt famous forthese things

she is famousfor..

2. NHM MU CU C NG T NI (NHM I)

Mu cu: S + intransitive V.

Ni ng t (intransitive verbs) l ng t khng cn tn ng,nhng n c th chp nhn mt trng t hoc nhm trng t(adverb/adverbial phrase). Ni mt cch chi tit, loi mu cu nygm c 5 mu nh sau y:

Cc mu cu thuc nhm I ( nhm c ni ng t)

S + V + adverb (trng t)

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S + V+ prepositional phrase(cm gii t)

S + V + abverbial particle (tiu t trng ng )

S + V + Noun phrase (cm danh t)

S + V + to- infinitive (nhm ng t nguyn th c

to)

Sau y chng ta xem xt tng nhm:

Cu trc S V adverb

________________________________________________________________

Subject intransitive verb adjunct: adverb(phrase)

of time, manner,result,

etc.________________________________________________________________

1. The moon rose early.

2. Thanh is reading.

3. Nga and Lan are arguing angrily.

4. Oil and water don't mix.

Ch , nhng cu trn khng i hi phi c tn ng: object

hoc : complement

m ch cn ch ng : subject

v mt ni ng t: intransitive verb

V d cu 2&4. Trong mt s trng hp n c th chp

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nhn mt trng t ch thi gian : adverb of time

ch ni chn : adverb of place

ch phong cch : adverb of manner

hoc ch kt qu: adverb of result

V d nh trong cu 1: earlyl trng ng ch thi gian, v trong cu 3: angrily

l trng ng ch phong cch.

Thc hnh: c mt on trong bi ht You Raise me Upv xc nh xem nhng cu cu no c cha ng t lin h

v cu no c cha ni ng t. Vi nhng cu c cha ning t, hy ch r cc trng ng i km vi ni ng t thuc nhm no

You raise me up

( Written by Lovland, Rolf; Graham, Brendan)

When I am down and, oh my soul (s) so weary so weary;When troubles come and my heart burdened be;Then, I am still and wait here in the silence,Until you come and sit awhile with me.

You raise me up, so I can stand on mountains;You raise me up, to walk on stormy seas;

I am strong, when I am on your shoulders;You raise me up... To more than I can be.

p n:

Cu c ng t lin h:

Subject--------Verb--------Adjective/Adjective Phrase

1. I am down2. my soul (s) so weary9


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3. I am still4. I am strong

Cu c ni ng t:

Subject-------------Verb---------- Adjunct

1. troubles come2. (I) wait here in the silence

3. You come and sit awhile with me.

4. I can stand on mountains

Ch , trong cu 2 v cu 3, pha sau ni ng t c ti 2cm t.Cu 2 : I wait here in the silence. Ch ng l I, ni ng t lwait v sau n l trng t here ch ni chn v cm gii t inthe silence nh mt danh t lm b ngCu 3 : ch ng l you, cu c 2 ng t song song l come andwait v trng t awhile ch thi gian, sau l cm gii t with

me lm b ng.

V d cc mu cu thuc nhm I (intransitive)

Subject Intransitive verb

Adjunct Notes

1. Lan is reading attentively adverb ofmanner

2. People arecomplaining

about thetraffic

prepositional

phra

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se

3. Thenoise

faded away adverbial

particle

4. Theroom

measures 5 metresacross

nounphrase

5. Lan hesitated to phonethe office

to-infinit

ive

Nhn bng ny chng ta thy rt r cu to ch yu ca muny l

S (ch ng) + intransitive V (ni ng t)

cn cc n v ng sau ng t c th l mt trong nm

dng thc trn: hoc l mt trng ng (cu 1), mt nhm tbt u bng gii t (cu 2), mt tiu t (cu 3), mt nhmdanh t (cu 4) hoc mt ng t nguyn th c "to" (cu 5)

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