1

Chng 3. OXY HA KH 3.1 QUY LUT BIN K TNH OXH K TRONG BNG HTTH 3.1.1 Theo quy tc chn l, pht biu no sau y l ng cho cc nguyn t ng vi cc phn nhm:

1) Nhm VA ch c s oxy l. 2) Nhm VI A ch c s oxy ha chn. 3) Nhm VB ch c s oxy ha l.

a) Khng c cu ng b) 1 ng

c) 2 ng d) 3 ng

3.1.2 Chn pht biu ng v quy lut tun hon th cp (dnh cho cc nguyn t p): 1) T trn xung trong mt phn nhm, s oxy ha dng cao nht km bn vng dn. 2) S oxy ha dng cao nht ca chu k 4 km bn r rt so vi chu k 3, hin tng ny tng t gia chu k 6 v chu k 5. 3) S oxy ha dng cao nht ca chu k 7 l km bn nht. a) 2 ng b) Khng c cu ng

c) 1 ng d) 3 ng

3.1.3 Chn ng trong cc sau: a) i cc nguyn t p (tr h tr), trong t chu t tri sang phi s oxy ha dng

cao nht ca nguyn t bn dn. b) H2O ch tha gia cc phn ng vi vai tr ca cht h . c) Cc i loi nh v cc phi i nh c c oxy ha 0 bn. d) Nguyn t phn nh chn c s oxy ha chn bn hn hn cc s oxy ha l.

3.1.4 Trong d y theo th t S Se Te Po t trn xung trong nh I , t nh h t ng t nh oxi ha gi nguyn nhn ch nh v :

1) c ht ht nhn i vi lp v ngy cng gi v hiu ng chn t ng dn 2) Hiu ng xm nhp gim do in tch ht nhn gim. 3) Do quy lut tun hon th cp.

a) 1 ng b) Khng c cu ng

c) 2 ng d) 3 ng

3.1.5 Chn pht biu ng i vi nguyn t Cl: 1) Cl cc mc oxy ha -1 v + 7 c bn tng ng nhau v chng cng c cu hnh h tr. 2) Tnh oxy ha ca hp cht Cl(+5) ln hn Cl(+1) v t i nhiu electron hn. 3) Cc hp cht Cl c cc s oxy ha dng in hnh ln lt t +1 n +7.

a) Khng c cu ng b) 1 ng

c) 2 ng d) 3 ng

3.2 XC NH S OXY HA BN CA CC NGUYN T 3.2.1 S oxy ha no trong s cc s oxy ha di y c trng nht i vi Te?

a) +2 b) -2 c) +4 d) +6 3.2.2 Brom mc oxy ha no l bn vng nht trong nhng hp cht cha oxy?

a) +5 b) +1 c) +3 d) +7 3.2.3 Titanium c mc oxy ha no trong nhng hp cht bn nht ca mnh?

a) +4 b) -4 c) +2 d) +3 3.2.4 Nguyn t s oxy ha no di y t to ra cc hp cht nht so vi cc nguyn t ( cc s oxy ha) cn li.

a) Se(2+) b) P(5+) c) V(5+) d) Tl(+) 3.2.5 Nguyn t s oxy ha no di y t to ra cc hp cht nht so vi cc nguyn t ( cc s oxy ha) cn li.

a) Mn(+) b) Ag(+) c) Cs(+) d) Tl(+)

2

3.2.6 Mc oxy ha: +3 c trng nht cho nguyn t no di y: a) Crom (Z = 24) b) Molybden (Z = 42)

c) Wolfram (Z = 74) d) Seaborgi (Z = 106)

3.2.7 Nhng nguyn t no di y c c oxy ha +6 l c trng nht: 1) Crom 2) Molybden 3) Wolfram

a) 2 & 3 b) Ch 1 c) 1 & 2 d) 1 &3 3.2.8 i vi nguyn t no vic oxy ha hp cht M(II) ln hp cht M(III) d dng nht (xt trong cng iu kin)?

a) Fe b) Ni c) Co d) Cu 3.2.9 cid no di y bn nht?

a) HClO4 b) HClO2 c) HClO d) HClO3 3.2.10 Acid no trong s cc acid di y l bn nht?

a) HBrO4 b) HClO4 c) H5IO6 d) HIO3 3.2.11 cid no trong cc acid di y l bn nht?

a) HBrO3 b) HBrO c) HBrO4 d) HBrO2 3.2.12 Hydroxide no di y bn nht trong khng kh?

a) Ni(OH)2 b) Fe(OH)2 c) Co(OH)2 d) Mn(OH)2 3.2.13 Cht no di y hng c t nh oxy ha nh trong bt c gi tr pH no ca mi trng?

a) In2(SO4)3 b) Tl2(SO4)3 c) Na2SeO4 d) KBrO4

3.3 TNH OXY HA KH CA CC CHT 3.3.1 S oxy ha no trong s cc s oxy ha di y c trng nht i vi iod?

a) +2 b) +1 c) +5 d) +7 3.3.2 Hp cht no sau y ca Cr ch c t nh oxy ha: 1) K2Cr2O7 2) Na2CrO4 3) CrO3

a) C 3 hp cht trn b) Ch 1

c) Ch 2 v 3 d) Ch 1 v 2

3.3.3 Hp cht no ca mangan ch c tnh oxy ha: a) KMnO4 b) K2MnO4 c) MnO2 d) MnO

3.3.4 Cht no di y hng phi l cht oxy ha mnh? a) Re2O7 b) Mn2O7 c) CrO3 d) NiO2

3.3.5 Nhng cht no di y thng c s dng lm cht oxy ha trong cc phn ng ha hc? 1) CrO3 2) MoO3 3) K2Cr2O7 4) K2WO4

a) Ch 1 & 3 b) Ch 1 & 2 c) Tt c d) Ch 2 & 4 3.3.6 Nhng cht no di y thng c s dng lm cht oxy ha trong cc phn ng ha hc? 1) K2Cr2O7 ; 2) KClO3 ; 3) Na2FeO4 ; 4) MnO2 ; 5) WO3 a) Ch 1, 2 & 3 b) Ch 1 & 2 c) 1, 2, 3 & 4 d) 1 , 2 , 4 & 5

3.3.7 Chn phng n ph hp nht. Cho bit nhng cht no c tnh kh rt yu. a) BiCl3 ; IF5 b) H2Se ; ZrCl2 c) Ga2O ; NO d) SnCl2 ; PCl3

3.3.8 Hydroxide no di y d b oxy ha nht? a) Mn(OH)2 b) Fe(OH)2 c) Co(OH)2 d) Ni(OH)2

3.3.9 Cho bit tnh cht oxy ha kh c trng ca cc hp cht sau y ca brom: BrO2, Br2O, BrF3

a) Chng c t nh oxy ha c trng. b) Chng th hin t nh oxy ha c trng trong i trng acid v t nh h c trng

trong i trng base. c) T nh oxy ha v t nh h u c trng vi chng.

3

d) Khng th t lun chung ch c th nhn xt ring vi tng cht. 3.3.10 Hy chn phng n tt c cc hp cht c tnh cht oxy ha kh c trng l t nh oxy ha:

a) HBrO4 ; HgCl2 ; OF2 b) HClO4 ; H3VO4 ; LaCl3

c) H5IO6; PoO2 ; SnCl2 d) H5AtO6 ; IF3 ; NaH

3.3.11 Chn phng n ch nh xc nht. Cc cht sau c tnh cht oxy ha hay kh c trng: CrCl2, Na2[Pb(OH)6]

a) CrCl2 c t nh h c trng, Na2[Pb(OH)6] c t nh oxy ha c trng, th hin nh trong i trng acid v yu nhiu trong i trng base.

b) CrCl2 c c t nh h v c t nh oxy ha c trng, Na2[Pb(OH)6] c t nh oxy ha c trng.

c) CrCl2 c t nh h c trng, Na2[Pb(OH)6] c t nh oxy ha c trng. d) CrCl2 c t nh h c trng nhng rt yu trong i trng acid. Na2[Pb(OH)6] c

t nh oxy ha c trng, th hin nh trong i trng acid v yu nhiu trong i trng base.

3.4 SO SNH TNH OXH K CA CC CHT 3.4.1 Oxide no di y l cht oxy ha mnh nht (xt trong cng iu kin)?

a) CrO3 b) MoO3 c) WO3 d) W2O5 3.4.2 Hp cht no c tnh oxy ha km nht trong s cc hp cht sau (xt trong cng iu kin)

a) Na2GeO3 b) Na2SeO4 c) NaBrO4 d) Na3AsO4 3.4.3 Hp cht no c tnh oxy ha km nht trong s cc hp cht sau (xt trong cng iu kin)

a) HClO4 b) H5IO6 c) HBrO4 d) H5AtO6 3.4.4 Sp xp kh n ng oxy ha ca cc hp cht (1) Si+4, (2) Ge+4 v (3) Pb+4 trong dung dch nc, pH = 0 cng iu kin kh quyn:

a) 3 > 2 > 1 b) 1 > 2 > 3

c) 2 > 3 > 1 d) Khng th so snh.

3.4.5 Chn phng n ng. So snh mnh tnh oxy ha ca cc cp cht sau (xt trong cng iu kin):

a) TiCl4 > ZrCl4.

b) 33

4 BiOAsO

c) 242

4 TeOSO

d) 44 MnOTcO

3.4.6 Chn phng n ng. So snh mnh tnh oxy ha ca cc cp cht sau (xt trong cng iu kin): 1) H2SO4 < H2SeO4 2) Tl2O3 < PbO2 3) CoCl3 > FeCl3 4) TiO2 > ZrO2

a) Tt c cng ng. b) Ch 1, 2 ng

c) Ch 3, 4 ng d) Ch 1, 3 ng

3.4.7 T trng hp sai hi so snh mnh cht oxy ha ca cc cp cht sau (xt trong cng iu kin)

a) KMnO4 < Na2Cr2O7 b) H2SO4 < H2TeO4

c) GeO2 < PbO2 d) Na3VO4 > Na3NbO4

3.4.8 Hp cht no c tnh kh mnh nht trong s cc hp cht sau: (xt trong cng iu kin)

a) SiF2 b) IF5 c) SeF4 d) PF3 3.4.9 Cht no di y c t nh h yu nht?

a) Bi2O3 b) P2O3 c) As2O3 d) Sb2O3 3.4.10 Chn cu ng khi so snh v bn ca cc hp cht sau: Mn2O7; Tc2O7; Re2O7.

4

a) Mn2O7 Tc2O7 Re2O7

b) Mn2O7 Tc2O7 Re2O7

c) Mn2O7 Re2O7 Tc2O7 d) Re2O7 Mn2O7 Tc2O7

3.4.11 Chn phng n sai. So snh bn mc oxy ha 0 ca cc cp nguyn t sau. a) Na > Be b) Y > La c) Mg > Sr d) Ga > Al

3.4.12 Chn phng n ng. So snh bn mc oxy ha 0 ca cc cp nguyn t sau. a) Pt > Re b) Fe > Os c) Cr > W d) Al > Ga

3.4.13 Chn phng n ng. So snh bn mc oxy ha 0 ca cc cp nguyn t sau. 1) La > Hf 2) Zr > Y 3) Mn > Fe 4) Cu > Zn

a) Ch 2,4 ng b) Ch 1,3 nh

c) Tt c cng ng d) Ch 2 ng

3.4.14 Chn phng n ng. So snh bn mc oxy ha 0 ca cc cp nguyn t sau. a) Sc > Ac b) Al > Tl c) Cr > W d) Ni > Pd

3.4.15 Chn phng n sai. So snh bn mc oxy ha 0 ca cc cp nguyn t sau. a) Mn > Cr b) Nb > V c) Sc > Y d) Se > S

3.4.16 Kim loi no yu nht trong s cc n cht di y: a) In b) Al c) Sc d) La

3.4.17 Nguyn t no trong s cc nguyn t di y tc dng yu nht vi acid hydroclohydric?

a) Ta b) Sc c) Y d) V 3.4.18 Kim loi no yu nht trong s cc n cht di y:

a) Os b) La c) Ta d) W 3.4.19 Sp xp theo th t mc oxi ha cao nht km bn dn (xt trong cng iu kin)

a) )7(44

2

72

2

4 AtBrOMnOOCrMoO

b) )7(4

2

44

2

72 AtBrOMoOMnOOCr

c) 4

2

724

2

4 )7( BrOAtOCrMnOMoO

d) )7(44

2

4

2

72 AtBrOMnOMoOOCr

3.5 P DNG TNH TON THEO PHNG TRNH Nernst 3.5.1 Cho th h tiu chun ca cp g+(aq) + e g(s) l +0,8 . T nh li th h hi c t Cl- trong dung dch. Bit t ch s tan ca gCl l 10-9.75 cng iu in.

a) +0.225V b) -0,41V c) +0,41V d) +0,771V Cho th h tiu chun ca cp Cu+(dd) + e Cu(r) l +0,52 . T nh li th h ca cp ny hi c t NH3 trong dung dch. Bit hng s hng bn ca phc [Cu(NH3)2]

+ l 10

-

10,86 cng iu in.

a) -0,12V b) -0,54V c) +0,54V d) +0,46V

3.5.2 Bit trong i trng acid, nhit 250C o

Ce/Ce 34 = 1,61 V v

o

Fe/Fe 23 = 0,77 V. Cho

5 l dung dch Ce4+ 0,1M vo 5 l dung dch Fe2+ 0,3M.T nh sut in ng ca phn ng cng iu in ti thi i dung dch c n li 50% ion Ce4+.

a) 0,881 V b) 0,840 V c) 0,607V d) 0,799V 3.5.3 Dng gin ati er ca Fe trong i trng pH = 0 hi hng c t ion CN- v c t ion CN- cho di y, xc nh hng s bn ca cc phc Fe(CN)6

3- v Fe(CN)6

4-.

FeCNFeCNFe 16.146361.03

6 ])([])([ 0.771 0.443 2 eFe Fe F

a)

3 4

6 6b bFe CN Fe CN

pK = -31,3 v pK = -24,4

b) Khng th xc nh do hng thng tin

c)

3 4

6 6b bFe CN Fe CN

pK = 31,3 v pK = 24,4

5

d)

3 4

6 6b bFe CN Fe CN

pK = -31,3 v pK = 24,4

3.5.4 Cho gin Latimer ca Clo trong i trng base (pH = 14) 2

33,0

3

36,0

4 ClOClOClO Tnh th kh ca cc bn phn ng oxy ha - kh sau pH=7

(1) OHClOeOHClO 22 324

(2) OHClOeOHClO 22 223

a) 0.773V, 0.743V b) 0.85 V, 0.90V

c) 0.95 V, 0.865V d) Khng th xc nh

3.5.5 Cho dy Latimer ca brom i trng axit BrBrHBrOBrO 087.12

6.145.1

3

Tnh th kh ca cp 23 / BrBrO

v BrBrO /3 cng iu kin

a) 1,47 v 1,42 b) 1,32 v 1,35 c) 1,52 v 1,45 d) 1,38 v 1,35 3.5.6 Xc nh E0 trong gin Latime ca Mangan trong i trng acid

a) E0 = 2.27 V b) E0 = 1.14 V c) E0 = 0.95 V d) E0 = 2.83 V

3.5.7 Da trn d y ati er ca st trong i trng acid (pH = 0) v base (pH = 14) cho bn

di, t nh 0

/24 FeFeO pH = 7 l:

FeOHFeOHFeFeOpH

FeFeFeFeOpH

89,0

2

56,0

3

9,02

4

441,02771,039,12

4

)()(:14

:0

a) 0,611V b) 0,615V c) 0,06V d) 0,338

3.5.8 T nh o

NHHN 452 / ti pH = 3. Bit pH = 0 : VHNN 23.0522 /

0 v VNHN 26.042 /0

a) 0.975 b) 1.24 c) 0.49 d) 0.225 3.5.9 Cho dy Latimer ca anadi trong i trng acid (pH = 0) nh sau:

VVVVOVO 18.12255.03337.029996.02 ][][

Th kh tiu chun cng iu kin ca cp [VO2]+/V

3+ l:

a) 0.67 b) 0.57 c) 0.77 d) 0.87

3.6 CC CHT THM VO LM THAY I TH KH 3.6.1 Chn p n ng: Cc cht sau, th cht no vo dung dch g+ s l gi t nh oxy ha ca g+: 1/ NH3 2/ CN

- 3/ HCl 4/ H2SO4

a) Tt c cc cht b) Ch 1,2

c) Ch 2,3 d) Ch 3,4

3.6.2 Thm cht no di y vo l thay i tnh kh ca CoCl2? 1) NaOH ; 2) H2O ; 3) NH3 ; 4) HCl

a) Ch 1,2 & 3 b) Ch 1 c) Tt c d) 2 & 4 3.6.3 Chn phng n ph hp nht. Trng hp no c hai cht khi thm vo dung dch coban(II) clorua l t ng nh tnh kh ca CoCl2:

a) NaCN ; NH3 b) NaNO2; NaI c) Na2SO4 ; NaOH d) Khng c trng hp no c hai cht u l t ng nh t nh h ca coban(II) clorua.

3.6.4 Thm nhng cht no di y vo l t ng t nh h ca FeTiO3 nhit cao? 1) KOH ; 2) B2O3 ; 3) SiO2 ; 4)NaHCO3

a) 1,4 b) 1,2 c) 2,3 d) 3,4

6

3.6.5 Thm cht no di y vo l gi bn ca Na2FeO4? 1) KOH ; 2) Al2(SO4)3 ; 3) Na2CO3 ; 4) NH4Cl

a) Ch 2,4 b) Ch 1,3 c) 2,3,4 d) 1,3,4 3.6.6 Cht no th vo l t ng bn ca K2MnO4 nhiu nht:

a) KOH b) NaHCO3 c) NH4Cl d) CO2 3.6.7 Tnh oxy ha ca KClO3 yu nht trong i trng no?

a) Base b) Acid c) Trung tnh d) C n ty thuc vo iu in phn ng

3.6.8 Cc hp cht Fe(III) bn nht trong i trng no? a) Base b) Acid c) Trung tnh d) C n ty iu in

3.7. NH HNG CA PHN NG TO TA, TO PHC TI TH KH (nh tnh)

3.7.1 Cho th kh tiu chun ca cp Cu2+/Cu+ nh sau:

Cu2+

+ e = Cu+ o = +0,153V (1)

Bit tch s tan ca CuCl l 10-5.92, hng s khng bn ca [CuCl2]- l Kkb = 10

-5,35. Sp xp

theo th t t ng dn th kh chun ca cc bn phn ng sau: Cu

2+ + Cl

- + e- = CuCl(r) (2) ; Cu

2+ + 2Cl

- + e- = [CuCl2]

- (3)

a) 2 > 3 > 1 b) 1 > 2 > 3 c) 1 > 3 > 2 d) 3 > 1 > 2 3.7.2 Cho th h tiu chun ca cp Fe3+(aq) + e Fe2+(aq) l +0,771 . Kho st s thay i ca cp trn hi c t CN-, bit hng s bn ca cc phc [Fe(CN)6]

3- l 10

43.9 v

[Fe(CN)6]4-

l 1036.9

.

a) Gi b) T ng

c) Khng i d) Khng th xc nh.

3.7.3 Bit th kh chun ca Ag+ + e = Ag l o = +0,799V; tch s tan ca Ag+ vi Cl-, Br

-, I

- ln lt l 10-9.75, 10-12.28 v 10-16.08 250C. Th kh chun t ng hay gi v thay i

nhiu nht l khi c mt cht no trong dung dch Ag+? a) Gi , I-. b) Gi , Cl- c) T ng, I- d) Gi , Br-

3.7.4 Cho bit qu trnh kh Au3+ + 3e Au o(V) = 1,50 Bit hng s khng bn ton phn ca cc phc AuX4

- c cc gi tr nh sau :

[AuCl4] - = 10

-21,3 [AuBr4]

- = 10

-31,5 [Au(SCN)4]

- = 10

-42

Th kh chun 250C ca cc bn phn ng kh sau ln nht v nh nht ln lt l :

AuCl4- + 3e Au + 4Cl-

(1)

AuBr4- + 3e Au + 4Br-

(2)

Au(SCN)4- + 3e Au + 4SCN

-

(3)

a) 1, 3 b) 3, 1 c) 2, 1 d) 2, 3 3.7.5 D on s thay i th h ca cp l3+/ l trong dung dch nc (ban u cho iu in chun) sau hi cho th NH3 l ng vo dung dch trn cng iu in. a) Gi do l3+ to phc vi NH3 b) Gi do to t ta l(OH)3

c) Khng i v Al3+ hng phn ng vi NH3 d) Khng d on c

3.7.6 Cho hng s bn ca phc [Fe(CN)6]3+

bng 1043,9. So snh tnh oxy ha ca Fe(III) trong [Fe(H2O)6]

3+ v [Fe(CN)6]

3+:

a) [Fe(H2O)6]3+

nh hn b) [Fe(CN)6]

3- nh hn c) Bng nhau d) Khng c c s so snh.

3.7.7 Cho in cc g t thanh nhng vo dung dch ZnSO4. Khi thm NH3 vo dung dch, th ca in cc s:

1) Gim do Zn2+ thy phn trong i trng baz. 2) Gim do to phc [Zn(NH3)4]

2+.

3) T ng do ion l l t ng tan ca mui ZnSO4.

7

4) Gi do i trng baz lm gim th ca in cc. 5) Khng i do nng Zn2+ trong dung dch hng i

a) 1,2,4 ng b) Ch 1,2 ng c) 3 ng d) 5 ng.

4.8. L THUYT V GIN LATIMER 4.8.1 Chn pht biu sai trong cc pht biu sau v gin ati er: 1) Cc dng hp cht ca nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu t ng dn s oxy ha. 2) D y ati er ca cng t nguyn t trong i trng i thng c th h ln hn trong i trng acid vi cc cp oxy ha h tng ng. 3) Trong d y, th kh lun gim t tri sang phi. a) Tt c u sai. b) Ch 1 sai c) Ch 2 sai d) Ch 3 sai

4.8.2 Khi biu din gin Latimer: 1) Cc dng hp cht ca nguyn t c sp theo chiu gi in. 2) Th kh phi t ng t phi sang tri th cc hp cht mi bn. 3) Mi qu trnh phi km theo th kh tng ng. a) Ch 3 ng b) Ch 2 ng c) 1 ng d) 2,3 ng

4.8.3 Chn pht biu ng trong cc pht biu sau v gin ati er: 1) Cc dng hp cht ca nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu gim dn s oxy ha. 2) Th kh ca mt cp oxy ha h lin hp trong i trng acid lun ln hn th kh ca n trong i trng base. 3) Trong d y ati er, th kh phi lun gim t tri sang phi cc cht l bn vng. 4) Trong d y ati er hng xc nh c cc dng cht km bn v khng th o c th kh ca chng.

a) Ch 1, 3 b) 1, 2, 3 c) 2, 4 d) 1, 4 4.9. p dng Latimer xc nh cht d ly, nh hp 4.9.1 Cho gin Latimer ca Ru trong i trng acid:

0.99 1.6 1.5 0.86 0.24 0.82 3 2

4 4 2 2( )RuO RuO RuO Ru OH Ru Ru Ru

S cc hp cht b d ly v nh hp pH ny l:

a) 2 cht d ly, 3 cht nh hp. b) 2 cht d ly, 5 cht nh hp.

c) 4 cht d ly, 3 cht nh hp/ d) 3 cht d ly, 2 cht nh hp

4.9.2 Cho gin Latimer cc hp cht ca Clo trong i trng acid nh sau:

Hp cht no ca Clo khng bn vng (d ly) trong i trng acid?

a) ClO3-, ClO2, HClO2

b) ClO3-, ClO2, HClO

c) ClO2, Cl2, HClO d) HClO, Cl2, Cl

-

4.9.3 Cho gin Latimer ca Nito trong i trng base

S hp cht b d ly trong gin trn l:

a) 4 b) 2 c) 5 d) 3

8

4.9.4 Cho cc dy Latimer sau:

Trong gin trn, c bao nhiu dng hp cht (ion) b d ly (tnh c i trng acid ln base):

a) 4 b) 3 c) 6 d) 5 4.9.5 Cho dy Latimer ca nguyn t Oxy trong i trng acid:

OHOHO 277.1

22

694.0

2

Nhn xt no sau y l khng chnh xc trong i trng acid: a) iu in thng H2O v O2 c th t hp to thnh H2O2 b) H2O2 l cht oxy ha nh c) H2O2 hng bn iu in thng. d) H2O2 c th ng vai tr cht kh trong phn ng oxy ha kh .

4.9.6 T d in gin ati er ca Cr pH = 0, cc hp cht nh hp trong i trng axit l:

CrCrCrOCr 91,0241,0333,1272 a) Cr3+, Cr2+

b) 272OCr , Cr

c) Cr(V), Cr(IV)

d) Khng c hp cht nh hp.

4.10 GIN Frost 4.10.1 Da vo gin Frost ta kt lun c:

a) Hp cht nm pha trn bn phi l cht oxy ha i vi cht n ph a di bn tri ca chng.

b) dc ng ni cc hp cht cng ln th tc nhn th hin tnh oxy ha (kh ) cng yu.

c) Hp cht n ph a trn ng ni hai cu t nm ln cn n th hai cu t ny d cng hp thnh hp cht .

d) Hp cht y gin thng l sn ph hng bn ca qu trnh oxy ha kh . 4.10.2 Da vo gin Frost ta t lun c:

a) Hp cht nm pha trn bn tri l cht kh i vi cht n ph a di bn phi ca chng.

b) Hp cht n ph a di ng ni hai cu t ln cn rt d b d ly thnh hai cu t ln cn .

c) Hp cht n ph a trn ng ni hai cu t nm ln cn n th hai cu t ny d cng hp thnh hp cht .

d) Hp cht y gin thng l sn ph hng bn ca qu tr nh oxy ha kh . 4.10.3 Cho gin Frost ca Nito pH = 14:

9

Chn pht biu ng: Trong i trnng base 1) Sn phm nhit ng cui cng ca qu trnh oxi ha - kh l N2

2) Cc dng bn: N2H4, N2, NO

2

3) Cht d b d ly: NH2OH, NO, N2O4, NO2, N2O 4) NH2OH c t nh oxi ha nh hn t nh h

5) T nh cht c trng ca NO 2 l t nh oxi ha nh

a) 1, 2, 3 b) 3, 4, 5 c) 2, 3, 5 d) 1, 4, 5

3.11. SN PHM CA 1 PHN NG OXY HA KH 3.11.1 Cc cht no di y c th l sn ph ca phn ng

CuSO4 + Ptrng + H2O a) Ch Cu , H3PO4 b) Cu3PO4 , H3PO4

c) Cu , H3PO3 , H3PO4 d) Cu, P2O5

3.11.2 Cc cht no di y l sn phm ca phn ng:

FeSO4 + KMnO4(d)+ H2SO4(long) 1) K2FeO4 2) Fe2(SO4)3 3) MnSO4 4) MnO2

a) 2 & 4 b) 2 & 3 c) 1 & 3 d) 1 & 4

3.11.3 Cc cht no di y l sn phm ca phn ng: Ni(OH)3 + HCl() 1) NiCl2 2) NiCl3 3) H2 4) Cl2

a) 1 & 4 b) 2 & 3 c) Ch 2 d) 2 & 4 3.11.4 Cc cht no di y c th l sn phm ca phn ng

Na2S2O3 (dd) + HCl a) S , SO2 b) S , Na2SO3 c) H2S , SO2 d) H2S , Na2SO3

3.11.5 Nhng cht no c to thnh khi sc kh H2S vo dung dch FeCl3? 1) Fe2S3 2) FeS 3) S 4) FeCl2

a) Ch 3 & 4 b) Ch 2 & 3 c) Ch 1 d) C 4 cht 3.11.6 Km tan trong nhng cht no di y? 1) HCl() 2) HNO3 3) NH3(dd) 4) NaOH() a) C 4 cht trn b) Ch 1 , 2 & 4 c) Ch 1 & 2 d) Ch 3 & 4

3.11.7 CuCl c iu ch nh nhng phn ng no di y? 1) Cu + HCl(dd) 2) Cu + Cl2 (un nng)

3) CuCl2(dd) + HCl + Cu 4) CuCl2(dd) + HCl + SO2

a) Ch 3 & 4 b) Ch 2 & 3 c) Ch 1 & 2 d) C 4 phn ng 3.11.8 Nhng phn ng no di y c th s dng iu ch h chlor trong ph ng th nghim?

1) KMnO4 (r) + HCl () 2) MnO2 + HCl ()

3) CaOCl2 (r) + H2SO4 () 4) KClO3 (r) + HCl () a) C 4 phn ng trn b) Ch 1 & 2

10

c) Ch 1 , 2 & 3 d) Ch 2 & 3 3.11.9 Trong cng nghip nhng phng php no c s dng iu ch Oxygen? 1) Phn hy nhit kali permanganat 2) Phn hy nhit bari peroxyt.

3) Chng ct phn on khng kh l ng. 4) in phn nc.

a) Ch 3 & 4 b) 2 , 3 & 4 c) 1 & 2 d) 1 & 4 3.11.10 C th s dng nhng phn ng no di y chuyn hp cht Cr(VI) thnh hp cht Cr(III)? 1) K2Cr2O7 + FeSO4 + H2SO4(lo ng)

2) K2Cr2O7 + (NH4)2S + H2O

3) K2CrO4 + H2SO4 () 4) K2Cr2O7 + Na2CO3 + H2O

a) 1 & 2 b) Ch 1 c) 3 & 4 d) Ch 2 3.11.11 C th s dng nhng phn ng no di y iu ch: Co(OH)3? 1) CoCl2 + NaOH + O2 2) CoCl2 + H2O2 + NaOH

3) CoCl2 + NaOCl + NaOH 4) CoCl2 + Br2 + NaOH

a) C 4 phn ng b) Ch 3 & 4 c) Ch 2 & 4 d) Ch 2 , 3 & 4 3.11.12 Ion M(III) c to thnh trong cc phn ng no di y trong dung dch?

a) Fe(OH)3 + HCl b) Co(OH)3 + HCl

c) Ni(OH)3 + HCl d) Mn(OH)3 + HCl

3.11.13 CuCl c iu ch nh nhng phn ng no di y? 1) Cu + HCl(dd) 2) Cu + Cl2 (un nng)

3) CuCl2(dd) + HCl + Cu 4) CuCl2(dd) + HCl + SO2

a) Ch 3 & 4 b) Ch 2 & 3 c) Ch 1 & 2 d) C 4 phn ng 3.11.14 Mangan dioxide to thnh trong phn ng no di y? 1) KMnO4 + MnSO4 + H2O 2) KMnO4 + SO2 + H2SO4 (lo ng)

3) KMnO4 + C6H12O6 + KOH () 4) KMnO4 + H2S + H2O

a) 1 & 4 b) Ch 1 c) 1 & 2 d) 3 & 4 3.11.15 Cht no c to thnh hi tng tc gia nc brom ly d vi kali iodide?

a) HIO3 b) I2 c) HI d) H5IO6 3.11.16 Cht no trong dung dch nc c th tc dng vi Clor?

a) NaBr b) KBrO3 c) KF d) KIO3 3.11.17 Mui no khi nung phn hy khng gii phng oxygen?

a) CaCO3 b) KMnO4 c) Cu(NO3)2 d) CaOCl2 3.11.18 Mangan c c oxy ha bao nhiu sau hi h ali per anganat trong i trng ki c?

a) +6 b) +2 c) +3 d) +4 3.11.19 Nhng cht no c to thnh do s tng tc ca mangan vi HCl? 1) MnCl2 2) MnCl3 3) MnCl4 4) H2

a) 1 & 4 b) 1 & 2 c) 2 & 4 d) 3 & 4 3.11.20 Cloride no c to thnh khi cho kh clor kh tc dng vi Mn rn?

a) MnCl2 b) MnCl4 c) MnCl5 d) MnCl6 3.11.21 Sn phn thu c khi nung nng hn hp angan ioxit, ui bectl (KClO3) v kim l:

a) kali manganat b) Kali permanganate c) hn hp ali anganat v Kali per anganate d) hng phn ng

3.11.22 Khi cho MnO2 tc dng vi KClO3 trong i trng i nng chy, sn ph thu c c c t nh:

a) t n s oxy ha dng +6. b) t n s Oxy ha dng cao nht (+7) v y l i trng oxy ha nh.

11

c) t n s oxy ha dng +4 v y l s oxy ha dng bn. d) t n s Oxy ha dng + 2 v lin quan n vic s dng ht 2 electron trn phn

lp ns. 3.11.23 Nhng cht no di y l t mu tm ca dung dch ali per anganat acid ha?

1) FeSO4 2)H2S 3) (NH4)2SO4 4) CO2

a) 1 & 2 b) Ch 1 c) 1 & 3 d) 2 & 4 3.11.24 Cht no di y c to thnh khi cho MnSO4 tc dng vi K2S2O8 trong mi trng KOH long?

a) MnO2 b) Mn2O3 c) K2MnO4 d) KMnO4 3.11.25 Wolfram c thnh phn th no khi nung trong dng oxy?

a) WO3 b) WO2 c) W2O5 d) W2O3

3.11.26 Cho pTHgS = 52.40; SHgpT 2 = 47; 22ClHgpT =17.88; Cht no c to thnh nhiu

nht khi dn kh H2S qua dung dch HgCl2? a) HgS b) Hg2Cl2 c) Hg d) Hg2S

3.11.27 Nhng kim loi no di y y bc kh i dung dch mui ca n? 1) Zn 2) Sn 3) Cu 4) Hg

a) Ch 1 , 2 & 3 b) Ch 1 c) Ch 2 & 3 d) C 4 i loi trn. 3.11.28 Hp cht no c to thnh hi nung nng chy Cr2O3 vi K2S2O7?

a) Cr2(SO4)3 b) KCrO2 c) K2CrO4 d) K2Cr2O7 3.11.29 Chn p n ph hp nht. Dung dch nc ca nhng cht no c th s dng loi vt kh hydro sulfua kh i kh carbonic? a) TlCl3 ; HgCl2 b) LaCl3 ; FeCl3 c) CoCl3 ; H2SeO3 d) ZrCl4 ; H2CrO4

3.11.30 Trong s cht hay hn hp cc cht di y cht no hay hn hp cht no c th c s dng tinh ch kh Hydrogen kh i tp cht SO2?

a) K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 () b) H2O

c) H3PO4() d) HNO3()

3.11.31 Cht no di y hng th dng lm kh kh clo a) CaO b) P2O5 c) H2SO4 d) CaCl2

3.12. CC CU HI TNG HP PHN OXH K 3.12.1 Chn p n ng: 1) Hp cht cng bn vng th h n ng hot ng ha hc cng nh. 2) i vi a s phn ng Oxi ha - Kh , i trng base l t ng t nh h ca cht h , i trng acid l t ng t nh Oxi ha ca cht Oxi ha. 3) Khi cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh trong i trng trung tnh, nu dng oxi ha ca cht oxi ha cha nhiu nguyn t oxy hn dng kh ca n th phi th nc vo v tri, OH- vo v phi. 4) Trong dung dch nc hong 250C, phn ng Cu2+ + 2e Cu c

Cu

CuCuCuCuCu

20

//lg

2

059.022

a) Ch 2,3 b) 2,3,4 c) 1,2,3 d) 1,3,4

3.12.2 Trong cc pht biu sau y, pht biu no khng chnh xc. 1) nh lut tun hon th cp gii thch hin tng gy ra do s xut hin ln u tin ca phn lp d, l t ng t ngt s bn vng ca mc oxy ha dng cao nht ca cc nguyn t trong chu k IV v VI. 2) Tt c cc nguyn t phn nh ch nh trong mt chu k hi i t tri sang phi s oxy ha dng cao nht km bn dn, do mt in t ch dng t ng v bn nh gim.

12

3) i vi rt nhiu phn ng, i trng acid l t ng nh tnh kh , i trng base lm t ng nh tnh oxi ha. 4) Da trn gin ati er ta c th d on c h n ng d ly v nh hp ca cc trng thi oxy ha ca t nguyn t trong i trng acid hay base.

a) Ch 1, 3 b) Tt c c) Ch 2, 3 d) Ch 1, 4 3.12.3 Chn cu sai:

a) Nng , nhit , pH, tc phn ng l cc yu t nh hng n th kh . b) Cc nguyn t mc oxy ha trung gian c th l cht kh cng c th l cht oxy ha. c) Nguyn t mc oxy ha km bn c xu hng chuyn v mc oxy ha bn hn. d) iu kin thng, kh Clo l cht oxy ha mnh.