bai tap past perfect
TRANSCRIPT
PAST PERFECT
Cách thành lập động từ + ed:
Thông thường: “V+ ed”
Trường hợp đặc biệt:
- nếu 1 từ tận cùng là “e” chỉ thêm “d”
Example: love - loved
- nếu 1 động từ tận cùng là 1 phụ âm và đứng trước nó là 1 nguyên âm thì ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối
Example: admit - admitted
- nếu 1 động từ tận cung bằng “y” và đứng trước nó là 1 phụ âm thì ta đổi “y” thành “i” và thêm “ed”
Example: worry – worried
Nhưng nếu trước nó là 1 nguyên âm thì “y” giữ nguyên
Example : play – played
Bảng các động từ bất quy tắc thường gặp nhất:
Present Past Past Participle
be was, were been
become became become
begin began begun
blow blew Blown :thổi
break broke Broken: làm vỡ
bring brought brought
build built built
burst burst Burst: vỡ từng mảnh, nổ
buy bought bought
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catch caught Caught: bắt được
choose chose Chosen: lựa chọn
come came come
cut cut cut
deal dealt Dealt: giao dịch
do did done
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell Fallen : ngã, giảm
feed fed Fed: cho ăn
feel felt felt
fight fought Fought: chiến đấu
find found Found: tìm thấy/ thấy
fly flew Flown : bay, lái phi cơ
forbid forbade Forbidden: cấm
forget forgot Forgotten: quên
forgive forgave Forgiven: tha thứ
freeze froze Frozen: đóng băng, đông lại
get got gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew Grown: trồng (cây), lớn lên, mọc lên
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid Hidden : giấu, trốn
hold held Held: tổ chức, giữ
hurt hurt Hurt: đau, làm người nào bị thương, làm khổ người nào
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keep kept kept
know knew known
lay laid Laid: đặt, để
lead led Led: dẫn đường, chỉ huy
leave left left
let let Let: để mặc, cho phép
lie lay Lain: nói dối
lose lost Lost: đánh mất
make made made
meet met met
pay paid paid
quit quit Quit: từ bỏ
read read read
ride rode Ridden: lái xe (đạp, máy)
ring rang Rung: gọi điện, reo (chuông)
rise rose Risen: tăng lên, nổi lên
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought Sought: tìm kiếm
sell sold sold
send sent sent
shake shook Shaken: rung chuyển, làm rung
shine shone Shone: chiếu sang, chói sáng
sing sang sung
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
speak spoke spoken
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spend spent spent
spring sprang Sprung: làm bung lên
stand stood Stood: đứng,
steal stole Stolen: ăn trộm
swim swam swum
swing swung Swung: đưa qua đưa lại
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore Torn : xé rách
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw Thrown: ném đi
understand understood understood
wake woke (waked) woken (waked): đánh thức
wear wore Worn: mặc
win won Won: thắng
write wrote written
Exercise on Past Perfect Simple
I. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect
simple).
1. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) .
2. He (not / be) to Cape Town before 1997.
3. When she went out to play, she (do / already) her homework.
4. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) .
5. The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) six weeks before.
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6. The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) .
7. I could not remember the poem we (learn) the week before.
8. The children collected the chestnuts that (fall) from the tree.
9. (he / phone) Angie before he went to see her in London?
10. She (not / ride) a horse before that day.
11. I lost the key that he (give) to me.
12. She told me that she (see) a ghost.
13. I went downstairs because I (hear) a noise.
14. When they came home, Sue (cook) dinner already.
15. We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) our address book.
II. Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple. Use the negative
form.
1. In the shopping centre, I met a friend who I (see / not) for ages.
2. The thief could walk right into the house because you (lock / not) the door.
3. We lost the match because we (practise / not) the days before.
4. At school, Jim quickly copied the homework that he (do / not) .
5. We ate at a restaurant last night because I (buy / not) anything for dinner.
6. When we came back, it was cold in the house because Alice (close / not)
the windows.
7. All day long, Phil was angry with me just because I (greet / not) him first.
8. When I met Jane at eleven o’clock, she (have / not) breakfast yet.
9. I couldn’t go to the cinema with my friends last night because I (finish /
not) my homework yet.
10. Fred answered my question although I (ask / not) him.
III. Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple.
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1. The pupils talked about the film they (watch) .
2. I was late for work because I (miss) the bus.
3. We lived in the house that my father (build) .
4. We admired the picture that Lucy (paint) .
5. They watered the trees that they (plant) .
6. The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils (write) .
7. I received a good mark in my test because I (practise) on ego4u.
8. The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I (order) .
9. I had to clean the floor because my cats (knock) over the flower pots.
10. My friend was in hospital because she (slip) on a banana skin.
IV. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or
Past Perfect).
1. The wind (blow) …………away the leaves that we (collect)……………..
2. She (throw)……………. away the letter that she (write)…………………..
3. They (show)………………. me the pictures they (take)………………. during their
holidays.
4. In the evening, the children (tell) ………………their daddy what they (see)
…………………….. at the zoo.
5. The boy (be)…………………………very sorry for what he (do)………………………….
V. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or
Past Perfect).
1. My friend (eat) up all the biscuit we (bake) .
2. The teacher (correct) the tests we (write) .
3. I (give) them some of the candies I (buy) .
4. My sister (see / not) the note that I (lay) on the
kitchen table for her.
5. We (want) to watch a film that we (see / not) before.
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VI. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past
or Past Perfect).
1. When Simon (go)………. out to play, he (already/do) …………………. his homework.
2. Jenny (come)…………. home, (sit)………………. down and (switch)………….. on the
television.
3. Before that day in winter, the African boy (never/see)…………………….. snow in his life.
4. She (give)……… me the book that she (read)……………………
5. We (visit)………… the museum that our friend (tell)……………. us about a month before
VII. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past
or past perfect simple).
1. When he (wake up) , his mother (already / prepare) breakfast.
2. We (go) to London because the Queen (invite) us for tea.
3. He (hear) the news, (go) to the telephone
and (call) a friend.
4. When she (start) to learn English, she (already / learn) French.
5. Jane (already / type) ten pages when her computer (crash) .
6. By the time he (arrive) at the pub, they (run) out of beer.
7. Before that day we (never / think) of going to Japan.
8. I (know) him for a long time before I (meet) his family.
9. They (not / know) where to meet because nobody (tell) them.
10. It (be) cloudy for days before it finally (begin) to rain.
Keys:
I. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect simple)
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1.had built 2. had not been 3. had already done 4. had made
5. had put on 6. had not ordered 7. had learned 8. had fallen
9. Had he phoned 10. had not ridden 11. had given 12. had seen
13. had heard 14. had cooked 15. had forgotten
II. Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple. Use the negative form.
1. had not seen
2. had not locked
3. had not practiced
4. had not done
5. had not bought
6. had not closed
7. had not greeted
8. she had not had
9. had not finished
10. had not asked
III. Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple.
1. The pupils talked about the film they had watched
2. I was late for work because I had missed the bus.
3. We lived in the house that my father had built
4. We admired the picture that Lucy had painted .
5. They watered the trees that they had planted .
6. The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils had written .
7. I received a good mark in my test because I had practised on ego4u.
8. The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I had ordered.
9. I had to clean the floor because my cats had knocked over the flower pots.
10. My friend was in hospital because she had slipped on a banana skin.
IV. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past
Perfect).
1. The wind blew away the leaves that we had collected .
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2. She threw away the letter that she had written.
3. They showed me the pictures they had taken during their holidays.
4. In the evening, the children told their daddy what they had seen at the zoo.
5. The boy was very sorry for what he had done.
V. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past
Perfect).
1. My friend ate up all the biscuit we had baked.
2. The teacher corrected the tests we had written.
3. I gave them some of the candies I had bought.
4. My sister did not see the note that I had laid on the kitchen table for her.
5. We wanted to watch a film that we had not seen before.
VI. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past
Perfect).
1. When Simon went out to play, he had already done his homework.
2. Jenny came home, sat down and switched on the telly.
(dùng QK đơn để diễn tả 1 chuỗi các hoạt động xảy ra nối tiếp nhau trong quá khứ)
3. Before that day in winter, the African boy had never seen snow in his life.
4. She gave me the book that she had read .
5. We visited the museum that our friend had told us about a month before.
VII. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect).
1. When he woke up, his mother had already prepared breakfast.
2. We went to London because the Queen had invited us for tea.
3. He heard the news, went to the telephone and called a friend.
4. When she started to learn English, she had already learned French.
5. Jane had already typed ten pages when her computer crashed.
6. By the time he arrived at the pub, they had run out of beer.
7. Before that day we had never thought of going to Japan.
8. I had known him for a long time before I met his family.
9. They did not know where to meet because nobody had told them.
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10. It had been cloudy for days before it finally began to rain.
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Test
Write the past participle (3rd form) of the following irregular verbs.
1. speak -
2. catch -
3. eat -
4. understand -
5. begin -
Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).
1. I lost the key that he (give) to me.
2. She told me that she (see) a ghost.
3. I went downstairs because I (hear) a noise.
4. When they came home, Sue (cook) dinner already.
5. We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) our address book.
Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (negative).
1. The waiter served something that we (not / order) .
2. He went to Alaska where he (not / be) before.
3. She put on the red dress, which she (not / wear) for ages.
4. He (not / play) tennis before that day.
5. His mother was angry because he (not / help) her with the shopping.
Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.
1. (you / finish) your homework before you went to the cinema?
2. (why / you / clean) the bathroom before you bathed the dog?
3. (you / have) breakfast before you came here?
4. (she / find) a place to stay when she went to Boston?
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5. (where / she / live) before she moved to Chicago?
est
Write the past participle (3rd form) of the following irregular verbs.
1. speak - spoken
2. catch - caught
3. eat - eaten
4. understand - understood
5. begin - begun
Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).
1. I lost the key that he had given to me.
2. She told me that she had seen a ghost.
3. I went downstairs because I had heard a noise.
4. When they came home, Sue had cooked dinner already.
5. We could not send you a postcard because we had forgotten our address book.
Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (negative).
1. The waiter served something that we had not ordered .
2. He went to Alaska where he had not been before.
3. She put on the red dress, which she had not worn for ages.
4. He had not played tennis before that day.
5. His mother was angry because he had not helped her with the shopping.
Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.
1. Had you finished your homework before you went to the cinema?
2. Why had you cleaned the bathroom before you bathed the dog?
3. Had you had breakfast before you came here?
4. Had she found a place to stay when she went to Boston?
5. Where had she lived before she moved to Chicago?
Write the participle form (3rd form) of the regular verbs. Note the exceptions in spelling when
adding ed.
1. push -
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2. carry -
3. cycle -
4. drop -
5. follow -
6. play -
7. empty -
8. close -
9. dial -
10. sail -
Write the participle form (3rd form) of the regular verbs. Note the exceptions in spelling when
adding ed.
1. push - pushed
2. carry - carried
3. cycle - cycled
4. drop - dropped
5. follow - followed
6. play - played
7. empty - emptied
8. close - closed
9. dial - dialled
10. sail - sailed
48. Một số ngữ động từ thường gặp
Đó là những động từ kết hợp với 1, 2 hoặc đôi khi 3 giới từ, khi kết hợp ở dạng như vậy ngữ
nghĩa của chúng thay đổi hẳn so với nghĩa ban đầu.
To break off: chấm dứt, cắt đứt, đoạn tuyệt.
To bring up: nêu ra, đưa lên một vấn đề
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To call on: yêu cầu / đến thăm
To care for: thích / trông nom, săn sóc (look after)
To check out (of/from) a library: mượn sách ở thư viện về
To check out: điều tra, xem xét.
To check out (of): làm thủ tục để ra (khách sạn, sân bay) <> check in.
To check (up) on: điều tra, xem xét.
To close in (on): tiến lại gần, chạy lại gần
To come along with: đi cùng với
To count on = depend on = rely on
To come down with: mắc phải một căn bệnh
Do away with = get rid of: tống khứ, loại bỏ, trừ khử
To daw up = to draft: soạn thảo (một kế hoạch, một hợp đồng)
To drop out of = to withdraw from: bỏ (đặc biệt là bỏ học giữa chừng)
To figure out: Hình dung ra được, hiểu được.
To find out: khám phá ra, phát hiện ra.
To get by: Lần hồi qua ngày, sống sót qua được
To get through with: kết thúc
To get through to: thông tin được cho ai, gọi được cho (điện thoại), tìm cách làm cho
hiểu
To get up: dậy/ tổ chức.
To give up: bỏ, từ bỏ
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To go along with: đồng ý với
To hold on to: vẫn giữ vững, duy trì
To hold up: cướp / vẫn giữ vững, vẫn duy trì, vẫn sống bình thường, vẫn dùng được (bất
chấp sức ép bên ngoài hoặc sử dụng lâu)
To keep on doing smt: vẫn tiếp tục không ngừng làm gì
To look after: trông nom, săn sóc
To look into: điều tra, xem xét
To pass out = to faint: ngất (nội động từ, không dùng bị động)
To pick out: chọn ra, lựa ra, nhặt ra
To point out: chỉ ra, vạch ra
To put off: trì hoãn, đình hoãn
To run across: khám phá, phát hiện ra (tình cờ)
To run into sb: gặp ai bất ngờ
To see about to: lo lắng, săn sóc, chạy vạy
To take off: cất cánh <> to land
To take over for: thay thế cho
to talk over: bàn soạn, thảo luận về
to try out: thử nghiệm, dùng thử (sản phẩm)
to try out for: thử vai, thử giọng (1 vở kịch, buổi biểu diễn)
To turn in: giao nộp, đệ trình / đi ngủ
To watch out for: cảnh giác, để mắt, trông chừng (cả nghĩa đen lẫn nghĩa bóng)
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