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Bi tp v hng dn gii bi tp lp trnh PLC S7-300

Ging vin: Nguyn Xun Cng HSP KT Hng Yn

1

LI NI U

Hu ht cc hng ch to PLC u c 3 ngn ng lp trnh c coi l

tng ng nhau l LAD, FBD v STL. Ngoi ra, mt s hng cn c cc

ngn ng lp trnh khc nh hng Siemens ( c gii thiu trong ti liu

phn l thuyt). Tuy nhin, hu ht cc sinh vin v cn b k thut u c

nghin cu v hc mn hc k thut s. V vy, cun ti liu ny tp trung vo

hng dn gii bi tp bn ngn ng FBD. y l mt ngn ng rt d tip cn

v d s dng cng nh rt ph hp vi t duy logic ca con ngi.

PLC c hai phng php lp trnh chnh l lp trnh tuyn tnh v lp

trnh c cu trc. Trong thc t gii quyt cc bi ton n gin ngi ta

thng dng phng php lp trnh tuyn tnh, cn cc bi ton phc tp th

thng dng phng php lp trnh c cu trc.

thun tin cho vic lp trnh cng nh vic kim tra kt qu v gii

quyt cc rc ri khi lp trnh, PLC chia ra thnh cc Network. Chng ta c th

phn chia mi phn cng vic nh thnh mt Network. Khi h thng PLC lm

vic n s t ng lin kt cc Network ny li vi nhau. Mt khc khi lm vic

PLC s thc hin tun t cc Network t Network u tin n Network cui

cng.

PLC l thit b logic kh trnh nn c rt nhiu phng n lp trnh, trong

cun ti liu ny a ra mt phng n gii quyt yu cu bi ton gip cc bn

mi hc lp trnh PLC d tip cn vi thit b. Trong cun ti liu khc ca cng

tc gi s trnh by cch gii quyt bi ton theo phng n khc. Ngoi ra, mt

s bi ton trong ti liu c s dng mt s phn mm m phng nh SPS-VISU

hoc Lockout. Cc bn c c th ci t phn mm v tin hnh m phng

h thng.

Ti liu chia lm hai phn:



2

Phn I: gii quyt cc bi ton n gin bng phng php lp trnh tuyn

tnh

Phn II: Cc bi ton c yu cu phc tp v c gii quyt bng phng

php lp trnh c cu trc

Ti liu bin son cho cc bn sinh vin, cc bn c nhu cu tm hiu v

k thut lp trnh PLC v phng n thit k h thng dng b logic kh trnh

ny chc chn khng trnh khi thiu st. Rt mong qu bn c ng gp

kin. Mi kin ng gp xin gi v a ch Email: [email protected].



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Phn I Cc bi tp n gin v thc hin theo phng php lp trnh tuyn tnh

Bi 1: iu khin m my ng c khng ng b 3 pha roto lng sc.

1. S ng lc:

2. Thit b s dng trong mch iu khin gm c

- 1 ptomt

- 1 Nt m my

- 1 nt dng

- 1 rle nhit



4

3. Bng quy nh cc a ch:

4. S kt ni PLC:



5

5. Chng trnh iu khin:



6

Bi 2: o chiu trc tip ng c 3 pha roto roto lng sc

1. S ng lc

Q1

L1L2L3N

M

F2

K1 K2

2. Thit b s dng

1 ptomt

1 Nt m my chiu thun

1 Nt m my chiu ngc

1 nt dng

1 rle nhit



7

3. Bng quy nh cc a ch Vo/Ra

4. S kt ni PLC:

1

24V

0V

I0.0 I0.1 I0.3

Q0.0 Q0.1 Q0.2 Q0.3 Q4.0

I0.2

PLC

F2

2 3

K1

K2

K2

K1

N1 N3N2



8

5. Chng trnh iu khin



9



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Bi 3: o chiu gin tip ng c 3 pha roto roto lng sc

Bi ny hon ton ging bi 2 ch khc vic o chiu c thc hin qua nt n

dng. V vy, cc mc t 1 n 4 l ging nhau v ch khc mc 5 chng trnh

iu khin:

Chng trnh iu khin:



11



12

Bi 4: M my Sao/ Tam gic ng c khng ng b 3 pha

1. S ng lc:

K3

K1

K2

Q1

L1L2L3N

F2

2. Bng quy nh cc da ch Vo/Ra



13

3. S kt ni PLC

1

24V

0V

I0.0 I0.1

Q0.0 Q0.1 Q0.2 Q0.3 Q0.4

I0.2

PLC

F2

2 3

K2

K3

K3

K2

N1 N2

K1

Q0.5

4. chng trnh iu khin



14



15

Bi 5: M my qua 3 cp in tr ph

1. S ng lc:

K1

Q1

L1L2L3N

M

F1

X1

X2

X3

X4

K5

K4

K3

K2

F3

F2



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2. bng quy nh cc a ch vo/ra

3. S kt ni PLC:



17




18



19



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Bi 6: i ni Sao/Tam gic ng c khng ng b 3 pha o chiu trc

tip

1. S ng lc:



21


3. Ghp ni PLC:



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24



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Bi 7: i ni Sao/Tam gic ng c khng ng b 3 pha o chiu gin

tip.

Cc mc t 1 n 3 nh bi trn

Chng trnh iu khin



26



27



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Bi 8: iu khin 3 bng ti

H thng ba bng ti hot ng theo trnh t sau:

- Khi nhn nt S1 bng ti M1 hot ng, bng ti M2 v M3 ln lt hot ng

sau 5s.

- Khi nhn nt S2 bng ti M3 dng, bng tai M2, M1 ln lt dng li sau 5s.

Qu trnh iu khin h thng c m t theo gin thi gian sau:



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1. S ng lc

K1

Q1

L1L2L3N

M

K2

M

K3

M

F1 F2 F3



30


3. S kt ni PLC



31




32

Bi 9: iu khin xy lanh y sn phm 1 S dng mt xy lanh kh nn y phi ra khi ng cha phi, n nt S1, xy lanh i ra y phi ra, sau t ng i v. (xy lanh tc ng kp v van 5/2 hai cun dy, cm bin pht hin xy lanh cui hnh trnh B2 l cm bin t tim cn).

1. S b tr thit b:

out

S1

B2


3. S kt ni PLC

24V

0V

I0.0

Q0.0 Q0.1

PLC

K2

S1

K1

Fe

I0.1

B2



33




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Bi 10: iu khin xy lanh y sn phm 2 S dng mt xy lanh kh nn y phi ra khi ng cha phi, n nt S1, xy lanh i ra y phi ra, n nt S2, xy lanh i v. (s dng S7-300 Siemens, xy lanh tc ng kp v van 5/2 mt cun dy).

1. S b tr thit b

2. Bng quy nh cc a ch Vo/Ra:

3. S kt ni PLC

24V

0V

I0.0

Q0.0

PLC

S1

K1

I0.1

S2

out in

S1 S2



35




36

Bi 11: iu khin dy n hot ng tun t

Mt dy gm 5 n hot ng theo nguyn tc sau: Bt h thng bng nt S1, tt

bng nt S2, chuyn ch t ng/bng tay (A/M) bng cng tc S3

- Ch t ng: Khi n nt ln cc n sng ln lt t n s 1 n

n s 5 v dng li. Khi n nt xung cc n tt dn t n s 5 n

n s 1. Thi gian cch nhau gia cc n l 1s

- Ch bng tay: Mi ln n nt ln s c thm mt n sng. Mi ln

n nt xung s c mt n tt.

1. S b tr dy n:




37

3. S kt ni PLC

24V

0V

I0.0

D1

PLC

Bt

I0.1

Tt

I0.2

D2 D3 D4 D5

Q0.0 Q0.1 Q0.2 Q0.3 Q0.4

A/M Xung

I0.3 I0.4

Ln




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39



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Bi 12: iu khin nhit ca l Lp trnh cho PLC S7-300 iu khin hin th nhit l theo yu cu sau:

- Bt l bng nt n ON, tt l bng nt n OFF - Thay i nhit l bng nt n UP hoc DOWN, nhit l ch thay i trong

phm vi 20OC-26OC. - Khi bt l nhit lun l 21OC.

1. S b tr thit b

ON UP

DOWN

26OC

25OC

24OC

23OC

22OC

21OC

20OC

OFF



41


3. S ghp ni PLC

24V

0V

I0.0

D1

PLC

ON

I0.1

OFF

I0.2

UP

I0.3

DOWN

D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

Q0.0 Q0.1 Q0.2 Q0.3 Q0.4 Q0.5 Q0.6



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43



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Bi 13: iu khin tay gp sn phm

Mt tay gp sn phm hot ng nh sau:

H thng hot ng khi nhn nt Mo may v dng khi nhn nt Tat may,

khi c s c dng khn cp nhn nt Dung khan cap.

Trng thi ban u tay gp nm v tr trn cng (c xc nh bng cm bin

v tr Ta) v bn tri (c xc nh bng cm bin v tr Tc). Khi m my, nu

ti v tr PDA khng c sn phm bng ti hot ng, nu c sn phm bng ti

dng a sn phm ti v tr c xc nh bng cm bin v tr PDA. Nu

ti PDA c sn phm th tay gp s i xung v thc hin gp sn phm trong

thi gian 1s. Ht thi gian tay gp i ln v tr trn cng v di chuyn sang phi

ti v tr c xc nh bng cm bin v tr Td, tay gp i xung di cng v

nh sn phm trong thi gian 1s, tay gp t ng i v v tr ban u. Nu ti

PDA c sn phm, tay gp thc hin tip chu trnh nh m t.

Trong qu trnh ang thc hin vic gp sn phm, nu nhn nt tt my, h

thng vn hot ng cho ti ht chu trnh d ri mi dng li v tr ban u.

Nu gp s c, nhn nt dng khn cp, h thng s dng tc thi ti v tr .

(Bi tp ny c m phng hot ng bng phn mm SPS-VISU nn trong

chng trnh iu khin c thm mt s Network dng hin th kt qu v

iu khin m hnh)



46

1. M hnh thit b




47

3. S kt ni PLC




48



49



50



51



52



53



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Bi 14: iu khin dy chuyn ng gi sn phm

Mt dy chuyn ng gi 10 sn phm cho mt thng hng gm mt bng ti

M1 v mt cm bin S4 m sn phm hot ng theo nguyn tc sau:

- Nhn nt S1 bng ti hot ng vn chuyn sn phm vo thng cha, khi

10 sn phm bng ti dng v t khi ng li sau 5s.

- Khi nhn nt S2 bng ti dng li sau khi thc hin xong thng hng.

- Khi c s c nhn nt S3 h thng dng tc thi v ch hot ng tr li

khi nhn nt S1

1. S m phng




56

3. S kt ni PLC

24V

0V

I0.0

D1

PLC

S1

Q0.0 Q0.1

I0.1

S2 S3 S4

I0.2 I0.3

K1




57



58

Bi 15: iu khin dy chuyn vn chuyn, rt nguyn liu v ng gi sn

phm

H thng c m t nh hnh v sau:

H thng lm vic hai ch :

- Ch t ng: Bt cng tc A/M v v tr A, h thng nng/h chuyn

ng xung v tr di cng, chai c a t kho hng qua bng ti 1.

Khi chai chc chn trong h thng nng/h s c a ln v tr trn

cng. Ti y co mt xylanh y ra. Bng ti 2,3,4 c nhim v a chai

vo v tr rt nguyn liu v ct vo kho hng.

- Ch bng tay: Bt cng tc A/M v v tr M. Trn bng iu khin c

cc nt dng iu khin h thng theo mun.



59


2. S kt ni PLC:



60




61



62



63



64



65



66

Bi 16: iu khin thang my vn chuyn hng 4 tng

1. S h thng




67

3. S kt ni PLC




68



69



70



71



72

Bi 17: iu khin n giao thng ti nt c ngi i b qua ng

trng thi ban u n xanh t v n cho ngi i b lun sng. Khi

ngi i b n nt xin ng (nm trn ct n) n xanh t tip tc sng thm

15s, sau chuyn n vng 3s v chuyn sang n 14s. n xanh cho ngi

i b sng trong thi gian 10s sau khi n nt xin ng 20s. Qu trnh c m

t theo gin thi gian nh sau:



73

1. S m phng

2. Bng quy nh a ch Vo/Ra



74

3. S kt ni PLC

24V

0V

I0.0

D1

PLC

Xin ng

D2 D3 D4 D5

Q0.0 Q0.1 Q0.2 Q0.3 Q0.4




75



76



77

Bi 18: iu khin n giao thng ti ng t.

H thng n giao thng ti mt ng t hot ng theo nguyn tc sau:

- n nt S1 h thng hot ng, n nt S2 h thng dng.

- Cc n bo c m t theo gin thi gian nh hnh v.

Xanh 1

Vng 1

1

Xanh 2

Vng 2

t

t

t

t

t

10s

2s

12s

10s

2s

2

12s

24s

t

t

t

Xanh i b 1

i b 1

Xanh i b 2

i b 2 2s

8s

8s

14s



78

1. S m phng




79

3. S kt ni PLC




80



81



82



83

Bi 19: iu khin bnh trn ha cht

M

Start

Stop

S1

S2

S7

S6

S5

S3 S4Bm A Bm B

Van A Van B

Van x

ng c trn

H thng trn ha cht c thc hin theo nguyn tc sau:

- Khi ng h thng bng nt Start S1, dng h thng bng nt Stop S2

- Hai cht lng cng c bm vo bnh trn nh hai bm A v B. My

bm ch hot ng sau khi m van c 2s.

- Hai cm bin S3 v S4 dng bo trng thi cht lng chy vo bnh.

Nu sau khi khi ng 5s m mt trong hai cm bin ny khng pht hin

c cht lng chy vo bnh th lp tc dng chng trnh v bo n s c

my bm ra bn ngoi.



84

- Mt cm bin S5 bo bnh cha y v dng c hai may bm, sau khi

my bm dng 2s th kha van bm.

- Mt cm bin S6 bo cht lng trong bnh trn bt u cho php ng

c trn hot ng v dng trn sau 10s khi cht lng trong bnh y.

- Sau khi cht lng trong bnh trn u (ng c trn ngng hot ng).

Cht lng trong bnh c x ra ngoi nh van x. Khi cht lng x ht

cm bin S7 tc ng v kha van x li.

- Qu trnh t ng lp li theo chu trnh m t trn. Nu chu trnh

ang thc hin m nhn nt dng th h thng s thc hin ht chu trnh

mi dng li.



85

Qu trnh hot ng c th c m t theo gin thi gian sau:

S1I0.0

M van bmQ0.0; Q0.1

ng c bm

Q0.2; Q0.3

Bo c cht lngI0.2; I0.3

Mc diI0.4

Mc trnI0.5

ng c trnQ0.4

Bnh rngI0.6

Van xQ0.5

2s

5s

2s

H thng hot ng

DngI0.1

10s

t

t

t

t

t

t

t

t

t

t

tMt chu trnh hot ng



86


2. S kt ni PLC

24V

0V

I0.0

PLC

S1

Q0.0 Q0.2

I0.1

S2 S3 S4

I0.2 I0.3

K1 K2 K3 K4 K5

Q0.1 Q0.3 Q0.4 Q0.5

I0.5 I0.6 I0.7

S5 S6 S7

Q0.6

K6 D1



87




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Cc bn tm c phn I I nh!

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