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B mn Cng ngh Phn mmVin CNTT & TTTrng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Bi 12. Biu lp

Mc ch

M t khung nhn tnh ca h thng v ccha n vo trong mt m hnh.Minh ha cch c v hiu mt biu lp.M hnh ha mi lin kt (association) v kttp (aggregation) v ch ra cch m hnhchng vo biu lp.M hnh tng qut ha (generalization) trnmt biu lp.

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Ni dung

1. Biu lp (Class diagram)2. Lin kt (Association)3. Kt tp (Aggregation)4. Tng qut ha (Generalization)

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Ni dung


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1.1. Lp (Class)

Class_Nameattribute1attribute2attribute3method1()method2()method3()

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Biu din thuc tnhattributeName : Type = Default

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M t phng thcoperationName([direction] parameter:class ,... ):returnType

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public protected

private

Phm vi truy cp (Visibility)

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Phm vi truy cp c bi u di n nh th no?

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Class1- privateAttribute+ publicAttribute# protectedAttribute- privateOperation ()+ publicOPeration ()# protecteOperation ()

Phm vi (Scope)

Class1- classifierScopeAttr - instanceScopeAttr + classifierScopeOp ()+ instanceScopeOp ()

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V d: Scope

Student

- name- address

- nextAvailID : int

+ addSchedule ([in] theSchedule : Schedule, [in] forSemester : Semester)+ getSchedule ([in] forSemester : Semester) : Schedule+ hasPrerequisites ([in] forCourseOffering : CourseOffering) : boolean# passed ([in] theCourseOffering : CourseOffering) : boolean+ getNextAvailID () : int

- studentID

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1.2. Biu lp l g?Biu lp ch ra s tn ti ca cc lp

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Biu lp (Class Diagram CD)

Khung nhn tnh ca h thng

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CloseRegistrationForm

+ open()+ close registration()

Student

+ get tuition()+ add schedule()+ get schedule()+ delete schedule()+ has pre-requisites()

Schedule- semester

+ commit()+ select alternate()+ remove offering()+ level()+ cancel()+ get cost()+ delete()+ submit()+ save()+ any conflicts?()+ create with offerings()+ update with new s elections()

Professor -name- employeeID : UniqueId-hireDate-status-discipline- maxLoad

+ s ubmitFinalGrade()+ acceptCourseOffering()+ setMaxLoad()+ takeSabbatical()+ teachClass()

CloseRegistrationController

+ is registration open?()+ close registration()

V d Biu lp

C cch no tt hn t chc biu lp?

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CloseRegistrationForm

LoginForm

Professor

BillingSystem

CloseRegistrationController

RegisterForCoursesForm

Course

CourseCatalogSystem

Student

RegistrationController

CourseOffering

Schedule

Gi (package)

University Artifacts

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V d: Registration Package

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Registration

CloseRegistrationForm CloseRegistrationController

RegisterForC ours esFor m RegistrationC ontroller

Ni dung


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Lin kt (association) l g?Mi lin h ng ngha gia hai hay nhiu lp

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CourseStudent Schedule

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Bi s quan h (Multiplicity)

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Professor CourseOffering0..1 0..*0..1 0..*

instructor

Biu din bi s quan h

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2..4

0..1

1..*

0..*

1

*

2, 4..6

UnspecifiedExactly One

Zero or MoreZero or More

Zero or One (optional value)One or More

Specified Range

Multiple, Disjoint Ranges

V d v bi s quan h

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CourseOfferingSchedule0..4

0..*Student0..*

1

RegistrationController 11

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0..1

0..1

0..1

Ni dung


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Kt tp (aggregation) l g?L mt dng c bit ca lin kt m hnhha mi quan h ton th-b phn (whole-part)

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PartWhole

0..1

1

V d v kt tp

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CourseOfferingSchedule0..4

0..*Student0..*

1

RegistrationController 11

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0..1

0..1

0..1

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Cu thnh (Composition) l g?

Whole

Composition

Part

PartWhole

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Association, Aggregation and Composition

Mi quan h gia cc lp(relationship)

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V d Association public class StudentRegistrar {

public StudentRegistrar (){(new RecordManager()).initialize();

}}

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V d Aggregration vs. Composition

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Ni dung

1. Biu lp (Class diagram)2. Lin kt (Association)3. Kt tp (Aggregation)4. Tng qut ha

(Generalization)

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Tng qut ha (Generalization)

L mi lin h l mt loi (is a kind of)

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There are no direct instances of Animal

Lion Tiger

Animal

+ communicate ()

+ communicate ()+ communicate ()

Lp tru tng v lp c th(Abstract and Concrete Class)

31 All objects are either lions or tigers

Abstract class

Abstract operation

Communication

Discriminator

V d v n k tha

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CheckingSavings

Superclass(parent)

Subclasses(children)

GeneralizationRelationship

Descendents

Ancestor Account

- balance- name- number

+ withdraw()+ createStatement()

V d v a k tha

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FlyingThing Animal

HorseWolf BirdHelicopter Airplane

Multiple Inheritance

Manufacturer AManufacturer B Manufacturer C

OO Principle:Encapsulation

a hnh (Polymorphism) l g?

34Remote Control

Tng qut ha: Thc thi a hnh

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Without Polymorphism

if animal = Lion thenLion communicate

else if animal = Tiger thenTiger communicate

end

With Polymorphism

Animal communicate

Lion Tiger

Animal

+ communicate ()

+ communicate ()+ communicate ()

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