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H c vi n cng ngh b u chnh vi n thng Khoa Cng ngh thng tin 1

Bo co cu i k Mn: H d ch v

Sinh vin: Nguy n Huy n TrangL p: D08CNPM2

Ging vin hng dn :Trn nh Qu


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H Ni, 05/2012

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1. Gii thiu

1.1. L do pht trin dch v:

- Gii quyt nhu cu tng tc gia cc platform khc nhau. Do dch v web c xydng da trn cc trnh duyt web tiu chun v c th c s dng vi mi trnh duyttrn bt c nn tng no.

- Gip cho ng dng ca bn c th cng b cc chc nng v thng ip ca n ti nhngngi khc.

- Gii quyt nhu cu s dng li cc thnh phn ng dng c trc .

- Gii quyt nhu cu trao i v lin kt d liu gia cc ng dng khc nhau v ccplatform khc nhau.

1.2. L do pht trin web ng ngha:- gii quyt mt s vn quan trng m web thng thng khng gii quyt c:

+ th h web hin ti, thng tin c biu din di dng ch con ngi mi hiu c.Vic my tnh khng hiu c thng tin cn tr vic my tnh x l thng tin t ng vcon ngi khng th khai thc thng tin mt cch hiu qu nht.

+ Cc vn tm kim, trch xut, m hnh ha, dch thut v bo tr thng tin thc hincha hiu qu do cc thao tc ny ch thc hin trn b ni ca web v t lin kt ti cctrang web khc. Trong khi, khi lng thng tin nm chiu su ca web ln gp nhiuln thng tin b ni li khng c s dng.

- Web ng ngha l phng n gii quyt cc vn trn, l s m rng ca Web hin tim trong thng tin c nh ngha r rng sao cho con ngi v my tnh c th cnglm vic vi nhau mt cch hiu qu hn. Mc tiu ca Web c ng ngha l pht trincc chun chung v cng ngh cho php my tnh c th hiu c nhiu hn thng tintrn Web, sao cho chng c th h tr tt hn vic khm ph thng tin (thng tin c tmkim nhanh chng v chnh xc hn), tch hp d liu (d liu lin kt ng), v t ngha cc cng vic.

1.3. L do pht trin dch v web ng ngha:

- Dch v web ng ngha (Semantic Web Service) c a ra gii quyt vn cn thiu

st ca dch v web bng cch thm ng ngha vo bn trong hnh phn ca dch v v vykhng ch UDDI c kh nng h tr ngi dng dch v tm kim dch v t ng m cngip cho vic s dng dch v mt cch t ng trong giai on thit k cng nh giaion thc thi ca mt quy trnh nghip v bn trong kin trc hng dch v.

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1.4. V d so snh tm kim trn web vi Google v Wolfram:

- Cu hi : How to go from Hanoi to DaNang?

- Kt qu vi google:

- Kt qu vi Walframalpha :

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- Nhn xt:

+ Vi google : Cc kt qu tm thy l cc ngun thng tin trn web lin quan n t kha m tatm kim.

+ Vi wolframalpha: Cc kt qu tr v gn nht c th vi cu tr li cho cu hi m chng ta tmkim.

2. Biu din web ng ngha v dch v web ng ngha:

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2.1. Cc ngn ng biu din web ng ngha v dch v web ng ngha

2.1.1. RDF/RDFS:

a) RDF:

- RDF l vit tt ca Resource Description Framework, l mt Framework m t ti nguyntrn Web, c thit k my tnh c th c v hiu c, c m t bng ngn ngXML v l mt phn ca hot ng web semantic ca W3C, c gii thiu bi W3C.

- Cu trc RDF:

+Namespace l mt tp cc tn, c nh danh bi cc URI, c s dng trong cc tiliu XML nh cc element type v attribute name. Mt namespace c khai bo s dngmt tp cc thuc tnh c c nh ngha.

+ M hnh c bn ca RDF gm ba b phn sau:

Ti nguyn (Resource): l tt c nhng g c m t bng biu thc RDF, v d:"http://www.w3schools.com/rdf"

Thuc tnh (Property): l mt ti nguyn c 1 ci tn v d "author" hay "homepage".

Gi tr thuc tnh(Property value): mt gi tr ca mt thuc tnh, v d "Nguyn HuynTrang" hay "http://www.w3schools.com".

Pht biu (Statements): mi pht biu gm ba thnh phn sau.* Subject (ch th): a ch hay v tr ti nguyn mun m t.* Predicate (thuc tnh): xc nh tnh cht ca ti nguyn.* Object (i tng): ni dung gn cho thuc tnh.

Mi mt mnh (subject, predicate, object) cn gi l mt b ba (triple).

b) RDFS:

- RDFS(RDF Schema) khng cung cp cc lp v cc thuc tnh ng dng c th, thay vo RDFS cung cp mt framework m t cc lp v cc thuc tnh ng dng c th.Cc lp trong RDF Schema rt ging vi cc lp trong cc ngn ng lp trnh hng itng. Cc ti nguyn c cho php s c nh ngha nh l cc th hin ca cc lpv ca cc lp con ca cc lp .

- RDFS l ngn ng ontology nguyn thy.

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- M hnh c bn ban u trong RDF Schema gm cc nh ngha lp v lp con- (class & subclass), thuc tnh v thuc tnh con (property & subproperty), domain- v range ca cc statement - gii hn cc kt hp c th c gia cc lp v thuc- tnh, v cc trnh by kiu ( khai bo mt ti nguyn nh mt thc th ca mt lp- c th)

2.1.2. OWL:

- OWL l vit tt ca Ontology Web Language c W3C xy dng, c thit k x lthng tin trn web, gip cho my tnh c th hiu c, ng thi con ngi cng cc, c vit bng ngn ng XML, l mt tiu chun ca W3C

- OWL l ngn ng ontology kh mnh, ra i sau RDFS v k tha nhng li th m ngnng ny pht trin, ng thi b sung thm nhng yu t logic cho thng tin v khnng phn loi, nhng rng buc kiu cng nh nhng yu t quan trng.

- OWL cho php:

+ Import cc ontology vo cc ontology khc.

+ nh ngha cc lp

+ H tr a k tha

- OWL gm 3 ngn ng con:

+ OWL Lite OWL rt gn : h tr cho nhng ngi dng ch yu cn s phn lp theoth bc v cc rng buc n gin.

+ OWL DL OWL Description Logic : h tr cho nhng ngi dng cn s din cm tia trong khi cn duy trnh tnh tnh ton ton vn (tt c cc kt lun phi c m bo tnh ton) v tnh quyt nh (tt c cc tnh ton s kt thc trong khong thi gian hnch).

+ OWL Full OWL y : mun cp ti nhng ngi dng cn s din cm ti a vs t do ca RDF m khng cn m bo s tnh ton ca cc biu thc.

- Cu trc OWL:

+ Namespace: l thnh phn c bn, thnh phn khi u chun tc ca mt ontologygm mt tp cc khai bo XML namespace trong th m rdf:RDF

+ Ontology headers: s dng cc th owl:Ontology ch ra cc c tnh thng thngca ontology nh comments,version control ca cc ontology khc.

Cc thnh phn c bn:

+ Class: trong owl lun c mt lp owl:Thing. Do vy mi lp c ngi dng nhngha u l lp con ca owl:Thing.

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+ Individual: cc thnh phn to nn mt lp.

+ Property: l mt quan h 2 ngi th hin quan h ca cc c th. C 2 kiu property:Datatype Property c d liu l cc kiu c bn nh string, intv Object Property l miquan h gia hai th hin ca hai lp. C 5 loi thuc tnh:

Transitive Property.

Symmetric Property.

Functional Property.

InverseOf.

Inverse Functional Property.

2.1.3. OWL-S:

- OWL-S (Ontology Web Language For Services) l mt OWL Ontology c s dng biu din ng ngha cho dch v web.

- OWL-S bao gm ba Ontology: ServiceProfile, ServiceModel v ServiceGrounding.

- Trong :

Service profile: L mt c tnh tru tng ca nhng g mt dch v c th lm c

Service model: M t hot ng ca dch v

Service grounding: Cung cp tng tc vi dch v

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2.2. S dng Protg biu din:

2.3. Mc ch ngha ca cc ngn ng:

a) Mc ch:

- RDF: c thit k my tnh c th c v hiu c.- RDFS: Cung cp mt framework m t cc lp v cc thuc tnh ng dng c th.

- OWL: c thit k x l thng tin trn web, gip cho my tnh c th hiu c, ngthi con ngi cng c c.

- OWL-S: Biu din ng ngha cho dch v web.

b) ngha;

3. Case study: H qun l dch v o to theo tn ch

3.1. Pht biu bi ton:

dangkytinchiptit.edu l mt website tng tng cung cp cc chc nng cho h qun l o totheo tn ch cho sinh vin hc vin cng ngh bu chnh vin thng. Chng ta s to ra mt phinbn n gin ca v d trang web dangkytinchiptit.edu bng OWL-s.

Hc vin cng ngh bu chnh vin thng gm 4 khoa: Cng ngh thng tin, in t vin thng,in in t, qun tr kinh doanh. Trang, Hoan, Vn l sinh vin khoa cng ngh thng tin hcvin cng ngh bu chnh vin thng. Cc bn ng k mn hc cho k 8. Trang ng k khahc HDV0014 mn h dch v do thy Trn nh Qu ging dy, c lch hc l 9h00, ti phng308 v kha hc CNPM0002 mn cng ngh phn mm do thy Nguyn Mnh Hng ging dy,

c lch hc l 7h00 th 4 hng tun ti phng 402. Vn ng k hc kha hc CNPM0002 mncng ngh phn mm do thy Nguyn Mnh Hng ging dy, c lch hc l 7h00 th 4 hng tunti phng 402. Hoan ng k kha hc TTNM0012 do c V Th Hng Giang ging dy vo14h00 th 7 hng tun, hc ti phng 202.

3.2. Cc dch v:

a) Dch v cho sinh vin:

- ng nhp

- Xem kha hc

- ng k kha hc

- Hy ng k kha hc

- Xem lch hc

b) Dch v cho ging vin:

- ng k mn dy9


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- Xem lch ging dy

3.3. Biu din bn th vi OWL ca min o to i hc:

a) Trch lp:

- Trch t cc danh t: Khoa, K Hc, Mn Hc, Kha Hc, Lch Hc, Phng Hc, Ngi,Ging Vin, Sinh Vin.

b) Xc nh cc thu c tnh: - Mt kha hc c ging bi mt ging vin duy nht => Kha hc Ging bi GingVin.

- Mt kha hc ch hc 1 mn duy nht => Kha Hc C mn Mn Hc.

- Mt sinh vin c th ng k nhiu kha hc => Sinh vin ng k hc Kha Hc

- Mt ging vin c th ng k dy nhiu mn hc => Ging vin ng kging Mn

hc.- Mt kha hc hc ti mt phng hc duy nht => Kha Hc Hc ti Phng Hc

- Mt kha hc ch c mt lch hc => Kha Hc c lch Lch Hc

- Mt sinh vin c chn mt k hc duy nht => SinhVien Chn k hc K Hc

- Mt sinh vin thuc mt khoa duy nht => Sinh vin thuc khoa Khoa

c) Sinh ra graph:

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e) Sinh ra RDFS:

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f) Sinh ra OWL:

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g) Sinh ra Bn th trong Jade:

3.4. Biu din dch v da trn OWL-S

4. Ci t H qun l dch v:

a) Bn mu:

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5. Kt lun:

Ngy nay, i km vi s pht trin ca internet trn ton cu l khi lng thng tin khngl v s lng ngi dng truy cp trn mng rt nhiu lm cho vic tm kim, trnh by v duytr thng tin trn web ngy cng tr nn kh khn hn. Web ng ngha v dch v web ng nghara i l mt gii php gii quyt cc vn trn. V km theo l s ra i v pht trin ca

cc ngn ng biu din web ng ngha v Dch v web ng ngha. Bi bo co ny khi lc cc chnh lin quan ti cc vn trn bng vic s dng cc kin thc em c hc trong k vari. do hiu bit c hn nn cn nhiu thiu xt, em rt mong thy s gp cho em trong cc vn nu trn. Em xin chn thnh cm n thy .

Ti liu tham kho:

[1] RDF Tutorial trn trang webhttp://www.w3schools.com

[2] Bo co OWL-S ca bn Nguyn Th Trang_Lp D08CNPM2_Hc vin cng ngh bu chnhvin thng

[3] Semantic Web Services Tutorial_Michael Stollberg and Armin Haller

[4] http://www.daml.org/services/owl-s/1.1/owl-s-wsdl.html

[5] Web Service basic trn trang web http://www.w3schools.com

Cng mt s bi bo trn internet.

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http://www.w3schools.com/http://www.w3schools.com/http://www.daml.org/services/owl-s/1.1/owl-s-wsdl.htmlhttp://www.w3schools.com/http://www.w3schools.com/http://www.daml.org/services/owl-s/1.1/owl-s-wsdl.htmlhttp://www.w3schools.com/

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