TRNG AI HOC IN LCKHOA IN T VIN THNG

BO CO THC TP IN T S

GING VIN HNG DN: Th.S HONG VN NG

NHOM 10: 1. Bui Trung Hng 2. Lo Thi Thanh 3. Bui inh Hng

H NI 05/2013

BI 1: GII THIUBI 1: CC PHN T LOGIC C BN 1. XC NH IC :Cc phn t logic c bn bao gm AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR. AND OR NAND NOR NOTThc cht ca phn t : NAND = AND + NOTNOR = OR + NOT Sau qu trnh kim tra u ra ca cc con IC 74xx ta c kt qu di y: IC 7408

7408

1A Vcc Bng chn l ABY

000

010

100

111

1B 4A 1Y 4B 2A 4Y 2B 3A 2Y 3B GND 3Y

IC 7408 l mch AND IC 7404

7404

1A Vcc Bng chn l AY

01

10

1Y 6A 2A 6Y 2Y 5A 3A 5Y 3Y 4A GND 4Y

IC 7404 l mch NOT

IC 7432

7432

1A Vcc Bng chn lABY

000

011

101

111

1B 4A 1Y 4B 2A 4Y 2B 3A 2Y 3B GND 3Y

IC 7432 l mch OR

IC 7400

7400

1A Vcc Bng chn l: ABY

001

011

101

110

1B 4A 1Y 4B 2A 4Y 2B 3A 2Y 3B GND 3Y

IC 7400 l mch NAND

IC 7402

7402

1Y Vcc Bng chn l: ABY

001

010

100

110

1A 4Y 1B 4A 2Y 4B 2A 3Y 2B 3A GND 3B

IC 7402 l mch NOR

2. THIT K MCH B PHIU 3 U VO:Thit k mch logic t hp b phiu,mch c 3 u vo A,B,C v 1 u ra Y.kt qu c thng qua khi c a s phiu c b.a-V s nguyn l mch s dng cc phn t logic c bn.b-Tng kt v lp mch ch s dng NAND 2 u vo.Gii: ta c :a. Bng chn l:ABCY

0000

0010

0100

0111

1000

1011

1101

1111

nh x vo ba Cc-n:CAB00011110

00010

10111

Phng trnh Y= AB+ BC+ AC

Ta c s mch sau:

b. ch dng NAND 2 u vo:y= AB+AC+BC= = = Vy ta c mch dung NAND 2 u vo:

BI 3: MUX V DEMUXI. CHC NNG : MUX(multiplexer):- To hm logic h t hp- Dn knh to ra mt knh thng tin mi(ghp knh)- Phn ng ,cho php tng lung thng tin i qua. S nguyn l nh sau: y l loi MUX 2-1 tc l c 2 tn hiu u vo v 1 tn hiu u ra, ngoi ra cn nhiu loi MUX khc nh MUX 4-1, MUX 8-1 DEMUX kt hp gia b gii m,b m.C nhim v: Phn knh, hay t mt tn hiu chung phn knh truyn ti mt u ra theo yu cu da vo tn hiu iu khin. S nguyn l nh sau:

y l s mch DEMUX 1-2 vi 1 tn hiu u vo v 2 tn hiu u ra. S kt hp gia MUX DEMUX:

MUX v DEMUX l cc b ghp knh v phn knh sao cho +MUX : khi s=0 th y=S0 khi s=1 th y=S1+DEMUX : tng t c tn hiu ra S0=S0 v S1=S1

+ S mch.

+Phn tch mch-Khi tn hiu Select S=0 Ti 74081 : tn hiu ra l S0 (v S0 . = S0 )Ti 74082 : tn hiu ra l 0 (v S1 . 0 = 0 ) Khi tn hiu ra 7432 l S0 ( v S0 + 0 =S0 )-Khi tn hiu Select S=1Ti 74083 : tn hiu ra l 0 ( v S0 . = 0 )Ti 74084 : tn hiu ra l S1 ( v S1 . 1 = S1 )Khi tn hiu ra 7432 l S1 (v S1 + 0 = S1 )Vy vi S=0 cho ra tn hiu l S0 vi S=1 cho ra tn hiu l S1 => thc hin chc nng MUXTng t ti 74083 v 74084-Khi tn hiu Select S=0ti 74084 : tn hiu ra l S0 (hay S0 = S0 )ti 74084 : tn hiu ra l 0-Khi tn hiu Select S=1ti 74083 : tn hiu ra l 0ti 74084 : tn hiu ra l S1 ( hay S1 = S1 )=> thc hin chc nng DEMUX

BI 4: GII M LED 7 THANHLED 7 thanh v IC 7447.

IC ny dng iu khin vic hin th Led 7 on theo m BCD. Bn trong IC l cc cng NAND, cc b m ng vo , v 7 cng chuyn i AND-OR. 7 cng NAND kt hp vi b li tao ra m BCD cho vic gii m 7 cng chuyn i AND-OR . IC ny ch dng cho vic gii m , nu khng phi s khng gii m v s s hin th khng ng.

+Rt gn ba Kacno.

S nguyn l

3 . NG DNG:Mch m , mch ng h s

BI 5: RS TRIGO1. S NGUYN L

2. KIM TRA NGUYN L MCHSR Q Qo

00Gi nguyn

0101

1010

11Cm kch

T ta c nguyn l:- Khi R = 0 & S = 0 th c 2 u ra u bng 0, th c 2 u ra khng c g thay i so vi trng thi trc l: R = 1 & S = 0 hoc R = 0 & S = 1. Nn y l trng thi gi nguyn trng thi trc . - Khi R = 0 & S = 1 hoc R = 1 & S = 0 th ta c hai u ra tri ngc nhau nh mong mun. - Khi R = 1 & S = 1 ra bng 0, do khi lp mch 2 u ra phi tri ngc nhau nn y l trng thi khng mong mun. V vy trng thi ny c gi l trng thi cm.3. NHN XT Trig RS l mt trong nhng thnh phn c bn cu thnh ln cc mch tun t. Mch tun t l mch c trng thi ng ra khng nhng ph thuc vo t hp cc ng vo m cn ph thuc trng thi ng ra trc . Ta ni mch tun t c tnh nh.BI 6: B M ( 0 9 )

B m s s dng IC7493 1.L THUYT+) IC 7493 gm 4 trig JK , gm 2 b m khng ng b mod 2 v mod 8 c lp.+) Li vo xung nhp CA v li ra QA l ca b m mod 2+) Li vo xung nhp CB v cc li ra QB, QC, QD l ca b m mod 8 Trig JK . JK l loi Trig c 2 li vo iu khin J, K . JK c u vo ng b C. Trig c th lp hay xa trong khong thi gian ng vi sn m hoc sn dng ng vi xung ng b C. 2. THIT KThit k mch m s dng 7493 v 7447S nguyn l

Do mch ch s dung mt LED 7 thanh nn ch c th hin th c cc gi tr t 0 n 9 mc d mch c th m t 0 n 15. Ngoi vic m t 0 n 9 ta cn c th iu khin mch n t 0 n 1 gi tr bt k ( trong khong 1 n 9 ) bng cch kt ni 2 chn R0(1) & R0(2) ca 7493 ti cc chn A B C D hay Vcc ( v khi c R1 & R2 cng bng 1 th mch m s c Reset ) da vo bng sau: V d: cho mch ch m t 0 n 4 th c ngha l khi n 5 th 2 chn R0(1) & R0(2) phi bng 1. Theo bng trn ta thy gi tr 5 tng ng vi:A = 1, B = 0, C = 1, D = 0V vy ta chi cn cho R1 ni vi A & R2 ni vi C nh hnh di y:

Cn vi trng hp m gi tr Reset ch c 1 trong 4 chn A B C hoc D bng 1 nh khi cho mch m t 0 n 3, khi gi tr 4 tng ng ch c C = 1 th ta ch vic cho R1 hoc R2 ni vi C cn chn cn li ni vi Vcc l c.3. NHN XTMch c ng dng ln trong vic thit k cc b m, ng h m.vi vic s dng nhiu IC 7493 v Led 7 thanh hn.

BI 7: B M ( 00 33 )

Cng nh b m t 00 n 99 th b m t 00 n 33 cng c cu trc tng t, nhng cn thm 3 mch nhn AND v 1 mch OR to tn hiu iu khin cho U1 (7493) hng chc quay v 0 khi ln n 3 . V hng n v vn chy t 0 n 9 khi hng chc t 0 n 2 . V hng n v chy t 0 n 3 khi hng chc l 3.Nguyn l:Khi hng chc (0-2) th ti chn QA va QB ca 7493 m hang chuc vn l tn hiu 0 do thi chn 2 va 3 cua U1(7493) vn cha c tn hiu reset cho chn MR1,2 no.Khi hng chc l 3 th ti chn QA va QB ca U1 (7493)c tn hiu l 1, khi tn hiu chn QC ca U2 (7493) hang n vi bng 1 tc l gi tr l 4 th s c tn hiu ti chn 2 va chn 3 cua ca U1(7493) hang chuc va U2 (7493) hang n vi cung l 1. Do c hai chn 2 va chn 3 cua 7494 hang chuc va hang n vi u mc cao v u c reset v 00. T to c b m 34 (cc b m khc tng t th).Mach OR y dung reset 7493 hang n vi khi m n 9 thi v 0 ( khi hang chuc t 0 n 2).

BI 8: NG H SS mch:

Nguyn l:ng h s thc cht l 1 b m vi 6 con LED vi tng ng 2 LED 1, 2 biu din giy, 2 LED tip theo biu din pht v 2 LED cui biu din gi (24h)Cc con LED 1, 3, 5 tng ng thc cht l 3 b m 10, LED 2 v 4 l b m 6 (0-5) v LED 6 l b m 3 (0-2). LED 1 s c kch bng 1 xung CLOCK m s.cc con LED sau s c kch bng cch ni chn CP0 ca ic 7493 vo chn R1 hoc R2 ca LED trc khi nhy trng thi 1 th s c xung kch vo LED sau nhy sc bit 2 LED 5 6 s biu din h n 24 => c 2 trng thi dng (chuyn v 0) l 10 ca LED 5 v 24 ca LED 5 v 6 chuyn v 0h (LED 5 l 4 v LED 6 l 2). lm c iu ny ta phi chia trng hp cho 2 con LED 1 l khi LED 5 nhy n 10 th Reset v 2 l khi LED 6 nhy n 2 cng vi LED 5 nhy ti 4 th s Reset. Nh vy cn 1 ic 7432 (OR) xc nh khi gp trng hp 1 hoc 2 th s Reset 2 LED 5, 6 v 2 ic 7408 (AND) vi mi 1 con AND s dung biu din 2 trng hp nu trn v u ra 2 ic s l 2 u vo ca ic 7432 trn, u ra ic 7432 s i vo 2 chn R1 v R2 ca IC9 (7493) ca LED 5 cho c 2 chn ln trng thi 1 mi khi c 1 trng hp xut hin RESET b mAND2 biu din gi tr 10 ca LED 5 (ni cch khc l b m 10) v 2 chn s c ni vi chn B,D ca IC9 (10 = 1010) RESET con LED 5.AND1 s biu din gi tr 24h (tc l 2 ca LED 6 v 4 ca LED 5) th s RESET v 0h, chn 1 c ni vi B (2 = 0010) ca IC11 (LED 6) v chn 2 ni vi C (4 = 0100) ca IC9 (LED5) RESET LED 5,6 v 0h khi ln 24h. Ri vo trng hp no th u ra tng ng ca AND s ra l 1 v lm cho OR = 1 dn n c 2 chn R1, R2 = 1 dn n RESET. 2 chip AND s k c trng hp ng thi = 1 do AND2 v chn 2 ca AND1 biu din gi tr ca LED 5 lun biu din gi tr khc nhau.Ch : 2 LED 5 v 6 cng chnh l cch thit k 1 b m bt k 2 ch s ring (v d nh b m 32, 45, c thit k theo cch ny

Ta c m phng trn proteus tng t:

BAI 9: MACH NG DUNG M SAN PHM DUNG THU PHAT HNG NGOAII. Cc linh kin dng trong mch:1. Led 7 thanhLa 7 con led sap xep lai theo hnh mau. Mot chan cua cac con led c noi chung vi nhau (Anod chung hoac Katod chung), cac chan con lai c a ra ngoai e phan cc cac con led.

2. IC 7493 +) IC 7493 l IC m khng ng b gm 4 trig JK , gm 2 b m khng ng b mod 2 v mod 8 c lp.+) Li vo xung nhp CP0 v li ra Q0 l ca b m Mod 2+) Li vo xung nhp CP1 v cc li ra Q1, Q2, Q3 l ca b m Mod 8 Trig JK . JK l loi Trig c 2 li vo iu khin J, K . JK c u vo ng b C. Trig c th lp hay xa trong khong thi gian ng vi sn m hoc sn dng ng vi xung ng b C.S mch v s chn:

+) Chn 1 (CP1) l u xung nhp ca b m Mod 8. Chn 2, 3 l chn reset b m, khi c 2 chn 2 v 3 u mc cao (mc 1) th cc ng ra Q0, Q1, Q2, Q3 c reset v 0.

Ta c bng cu hnh 7493:

Nhn vo bng ta thy vi 7493 khi c chn 2 v 3 u mc cao th cc ng ra mi c reset, cc trng hp cn li cu hnh m.Chn 4, 6, 7, 13 l cc chn khng kt ni ( No connecter)Chn 5 v chn 10 l chn cp ngun cho IC hot ng.Chn 8, 9, 11, 12 l cc trng thi u ra ca b m

Chn 14 CP0 l u vo xung nhp ca b m Mod 2.Mun cu hnh b m 10 n 16 vi 7493 ta ly u ra ca b m mod 2 ni vi u vo ca b m mod 8 v chn mc reset hp l.3. IC 7447L IC gii m t m nh phn ra m LED 7 thanh loi A chung, nh vy u vo c 4 bit v u ra c 7 bit.S chn:

AO-A3: chn u vo m BCD vi trng s bit tng dn t AO-A3RBI: Ripple Blanking InputRBO: Ripple Blanking OutputLT: Lamp Testa-f: u ra ca m 7 on

Nhin vao bang ta thy nhn thy cc ng ra mch gii m tc ng mc thp (0) th led tng ng sng.Ngoi 10 s t 0 n 9 c gii m, mch cng cn gii m c 6 trng thi khc, y khng dng n (Note 2). hot ng gii m xy ra bnh thng th chn LT v BI/RBO phi mc cao. Mun th n led cc led u sng ht th ko chn LT xung thp (ghi ch 5). Mun xo cc s (tt ht led) th ko chn BI xung thp (Note 3)Khi cn gii m nhiu led 7 on ta cng c th ghp nhiu tng IC, mun xo s 0 v ngha trc th ni chn RBI ca tng u xung thp, khi ny chn ra RBO cng xung thp v c ni ti tng sau nu mun xo tip s 0 v ngha ca tng (Note 4). Ring tng cui cng th RBI trng hay mc cao vn hin th s 0 cui cng.

Bang chn ly giai ma:

4. IC 7408- La IC AND vi 2 u vao 1 u ra, s chn nh sau:

Bang s tht:ABY

000

010

100

111

5. IC 4093La IC NAND 2 u vao 1 u ra

S chn:

Bang s tht:ABY

000

011

101

111

6. Mt s linh kin khac- Led phat hng ngoai dung phat ra tin hiu hng ngoai ra mi trng, LED thu hng ngoai thu tin hiu hng ngoai t LED phat.- Nut bm reset reset b m, tu in, in tr.

II. S nguyn ly mach m san phm dung hng ngoai

S lc v nguyn ly hoat ng :Nguyen ly hoat ong cua mach em san pham da tren nguyen tat phat va thu song hong ngoai t led phat va led thu tao ra tn hieu xung vi 2 mc thap ( 0v ) va mc cao ( 5v ) e cap cho chan nhan xung clock cua IC em ( IC 7493 ). IC 7493 co nhiem vu em so xung clock ngo vao va chuyen oi thanh tn hieu so thuoc he so nh phan ngo ra va cap cho ngo vao cua IC giai ma ( IC 7447 ), IC 7447 co chc nang chuyen oi ma so t so nh phan thanh ma so thap phan tai ngo ra va cap cho Led 7 oan hien th so thap phan.Phn tich nguyn ly hoat ng tng phn:

Mach phat tin hiu hng ngoai:

ien tr R3 co gia tr 100 ohm co tac dung hang dong cap cho led phat hong ngoai. Led phat D3 2 chan la led phat hong ngoai, khi co dong ien chay qua th phat ra tn hieu hong ngoai mot cach lien tuc ra ngoai khong gian theo hng nhat nh. mach em san pham ta chnh sao cho tn hieu hong ngoai phat ra t led phat i thang trc tiep en led thu tn hieu mach thu hong ngoai.

Mach thu tin hiu hng ngoai:

Led thu IR1 2 chan la led thu hong ngoai, led se cho dong ien i qua neu no nhan c tn hieu hong ngoai t led phat, v vay ta phai chnh sao cho led thu hng ve tn hieu t led phat.ien tr R4 co gia tr 10K co chc nang hang dong chay qua led thu, ong thi phan the cho anod cua tu C1.Bnh thng th led thu nhan c tn hieu hong ngoai mot cach lien tuc, led thu dan dong ien t nguon qua R 10K va xuong mass. Khi o ien ap tai anod cua tu C1 coi nh gan bang 0v.Khi co san pham i ngang qua va ngan cang ng tn hieu hong ngoai t led phat en led thu, luc nay led thu khong nhan c tn hieu hong ngoai se khong dan ien xuong mass va ien the tai anod cua tu C1 nang cao len gan bang Vcc va tu nap ien, ien ap tai catod cua tu cung tang len mc cao, luc nay tai ngo vao cong ao mc cao nen ngo ra mc thap. Khi san pham a i qua th led thu lai nhan c tn hieu hong ngoai va dan ien, ien ap tai anod cua tu mc thap tu xa ien, luc nay ien ap tai catod giam manh khien ap mc vao cua cong ao la thap nen ngo ra la mc cao. S thay oi ien ap tai ngo ra cua cong ao ( NOT ) t mc thap len mc cao a tao ra mot xung clock cung cap cho bo em. Hnh a Hnh bCong ao ( NOT ) co chc nang thay oi trang thai tai ngo ra cua catod tu ien, ong thi con co tac dung on nh bien o ien ap cua xung clock hai mc nhat nh la 0v hoac 5v. Hnh a la cau truc va s o chan cua IC 4093 vi 4 cong AND, vi cong AND ta co the chuyen oi thanh chc nang nh cong NOT ( s o tng ng nh hnh b ) ien tr R5 co gia tr t vai chuc Ohm en vai tram Ohm co tac dung hang dong ien cung cap cho en led D4, D4 la led bao xung giup ta co the de dang nhan biet c mc ap cua xung ra, neu la mc thap th led tat, mc cao th led sang ( trong mach em san pham s dung R5 co gia tr 100 Ohm ).Khi m va giai ma hin thi:

Khi nay co nhim vu m xung t khi thu hng ngoai thng qua 7493 la IC m khng ng b va xut ra 4 bit nhi phn a qua 7447 giai ma sang 7 bit hin thi LED 7 thanh. Vi y chi dung 2 LED 7 thanh nn mach chi co th m c t 00 n 99.Hai mach AND trong hinh dung reset 7493 hang chuc va hang n vi v 0 khi m n 9 (tc la n 10 thi reset v 0).Hai diode va nut bm dung reset b m v 00 bng cach a ng thi hai chn 2 va chn 3 cua IC 7493 ln mc cao, diode trong mach co tac dung chng hin tng di ngc do chuyn mach c khi cua nut bm tao ra.Nguyn ly tng quat: Khi co mot san pham i ngang qua va che mat tn hieu hong ngoai t led phat en led thu, mach thu se cho ra mot xung clock cap vao chan so 14 cua IC 7493, luc nay IC 7493 co nhiem vu em len mot n v thuoc he so BCD, so BCD nay xuat ra bi cac chan 3, 4, 5, 6 tng ng Q0, Q1, Q2, Q3. Cac chan nay noi trc tiep len cac chan D1, D2, D3, D4 cua IC giai ma 7447. IC 7447 co nhiem vu giai ma t he so BCD sang he so thap phan va xuat ra tren cac chan t Qa en Qg c noi vi cac chan a, b, c, d, e, f, g cua led 7 oan Xung clock t mach thu hong ngoai ch cap cho phan em hang n v cua mach. e hien th c con so hang tram ta ch viec noi chan 11 cua IC 7493 vi chan 14 tng ng Q3 cua ngo ra he so BCD cua hang n v. Tai v neu co 9 san pham a c em hang n v, luc nay so BCD tng ng vi Q3, Q2, Q1, Q0 la 1001; Q3 tng ng vi 1 la mc cao, neu san pham th 10 i qua th IC em vi ma BCD khong the hien th so 1010 ma tr ve trang thai luc au la 0000, vay Q3 t mc cao ve mc thap a tao ra mot xung clock cap cho bo em hang chuc va bo em hang chuc em len mot n v. e m rong con so san pham c em ta ch viec noi Q3 cua bo em hang trc o vi ngo vao xung clock cua bo em cho hang tiep theo.Trong mach con co mot nut nhan Reset co tac dung lap lai trang thai ban au cua mach tc la so 00.

19

R

S

Q

Q