basic electricity
TRANSCRIPT
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY
Value of Value of mains supply mains supply = 230V= 230V
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY
Fuse is used as a Fuse is used as a safety devicesafety device
Prevents too much Prevents too much current flowing in current flowing in
circuit.circuit.
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY
Power of Power of appliances appliances
measured in measured in watts (W)watts (W)
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY
Plug wires – coloursPlug wires – coloursLive – brownLive – brown
Neutral – blueNeutral – blueEarth – green/yellowEarth – green/yellowFuse in live positionFuse in live position
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY
Double insulation – no Double insulation – no earth wire required as earth wire required as casing of appliance is casing of appliance is plastic –non conductorplastic –non conductor
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY
Human being is a Human being is a conductor of electricity conductor of electricity
so do not touch wires ,do so do not touch wires ,do not come into contact not come into contact
with water with with water with electricity.electricity.
ElectricityElectricityPARTS OF THE RADIOPARTS OF THE RADIO
1. AERIAL - PICKS UP ALL 1. AERIAL - PICKS UP ALL SIGNALSSIGNALS
2. TUNER – SELECTS ONE 2. TUNER – SELECTS ONE PARTICULAR SIGNALPARTICULAR SIGNAL
TELECOMTELECOM 3.3. DECODER – DECODER –
SEPARATES CARRIER SEPARATES CARRIER WAVE FROM AUDIO WAVEWAVE FROM AUDIO WAVE4. AMPLIFIER – MAKES 4. AMPLIFIER – MAKES BIGGER COPY OF AUDIO BIGGER COPY OF AUDIO
WAVEWAVE
TELECOMTELECOM5. BATTERY – SUPPLIES 5. BATTERY – SUPPLIES
ENERGY TO AMPLIFIERENERGY TO AMPLIFIER6. LOUDSPEAKER – 6. LOUDSPEAKER – CHANGES ELECTRICAL CHANGES ELECTRICAL
ENERGY TO SOUND ENERGY TO SOUND ENERGYENERGY
TELECOMTELECOMCOLOUR MIXINGCOLOUR MIXING
3 PRIMARY COLOURS – 3 PRIMARY COLOURS – RED , GREEN , BLUE RED , GREEN , BLUE
TOGETHER MAKE WHITETOGETHER MAKE WHITE
TELECOMTELECOMRED AND GREEN GIVE RED AND GREEN GIVE
YELLOW.YELLOW.RED AND BLUE GIVE RED AND BLUE GIVE
MAGENTAMAGENTAGREEN AND BLUE GIVE GREEN AND BLUE GIVE
CYANCYAN
TELECOMTELECOMGEOSTATIONARY GEOSTATIONARY
SATELLITES ARE AT A SATELLITES ARE AT A HEIGHT OF 36 , 000Km HEIGHT OF 36 , 000Km
ABOVE THE EARTHABOVE THE EARTHTHEY HAVE A 24 HR THEY HAVE A 24 HR
ORBITORBIT
TELECOMTELECOMSIGNALS ARE MICROWAVE SIGNALS ARE MICROWAVE AND TRAVEL IN A AND TRAVEL IN A STRAIGHT LINE TO AND STRAIGHT LINE TO AND FROM THE SATELLITE.THEY FROM THE SATELLITE.THEY CANNOT CURVE IN THE CANNOT CURVE IN THE EARTH`S ATMOSPHEREEARTH`S ATMOSPHERE
TELECOMTELECOMOPTICAL FIBRES USED OPTICAL FIBRES USED TO CARRY INFORMATION TO CARRY INFORMATION
BY TOTAL INTERNAL BY TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION. LIGHT REFLECTION. LIGHT
TRAVELS AT A SPEED OF TRAVELS AT A SPEED OF 200 , 000 , 000 M/S200 , 000 , 000 M/S
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY EQUATIONSEQUATIONS
Q = I x TQ = I x TV = I x RV = I x R P = I x VP = I x V P = E / tP = E / t
P = VP = V22 / R / R P = IP = I22RR RRTT = R = R1 1 + R+ R22
1 /R1 /RTT = 1/R = 1/R11 + 1/R + 1/R22
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY RULES FOR SERIES AND PARALLEL RULES FOR SERIES AND PARALLEL
CIRCUITSCIRCUITS VOLTAGE SPLITS UP IN A SERIES CIRCUITVOLTAGE SPLITS UP IN A SERIES CIRCUIT CURRENT STAYS THE SAME IN A SERIES CURRENT STAYS THE SAME IN A SERIES
CIRCUITCIRCUIT VOLTAGE STAYS THE SAME IN A PARALLEL VOLTAGE STAYS THE SAME IN A PARALLEL
CIRCUITCIRCUIT CURRENT SPLITS UP IN A PARALLEL CURRENT SPLITS UP IN A PARALLEL
CIRCUITCIRCUIT
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY VOLTMETERS MEASURE VOLTAGE VOLTMETERS MEASURE VOLTAGE AND GO ACROSS THE COMPONENTAND GO ACROSS THE COMPONENT
AMMETERS MEASURE CURRENT AND AMMETERS MEASURE CURRENT AND ARE WIRED IN SERIES WITH THE ARE WIRED IN SERIES WITH THE
COMPONENTS.COMPONENTS. CIRCUIT COMPONENTS INCLUDE CIRCUIT COMPONENTS INCLUDE
RESISTORS , BULBS ETC.RESISTORS , BULBS ETC.
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY MAINS ELECTRICITYMAINS ELECTRICITY
WIRES IN THREE PIN PLUGWIRES IN THREE PIN PLUG 1.1. BROWN LIVEBROWN LIVE 2. BLUE NEUTRAL2. BLUE NEUTRAL
3. GREEN / YELLOW EARTH3. GREEN / YELLOW EARTH FUSE IS A SAFETY DEVICE WIRED IN THEFUSE IS A SAFETY DEVICE WIRED IN THE
LIVE PINLIVE PIN EARTH WIRE NOT NEEDED FOR DOUBLE EARTH WIRE NOT NEEDED FOR DOUBLE
INSULATED APPLIANCES , THEY HAVE A INSULATED APPLIANCES , THEY HAVE A PLASTIC CASINGPLASTIC CASING
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY MAINS ELECTRICITYMAINS ELECTRICITY
THREE TYPES OF CIRCUITTHREE TYPES OF CIRCUIT 1. THE LIGHTING CIRCUIT 15A FUSE1. THE LIGHTING CIRCUIT 15A FUSE 2. 2.
THE RING MAINS CIRCUIT 30A FUSETHE RING MAINS CIRCUIT 30A FUSE 3.3. THE COOKER CIRCUIT 45A FUSETHE COOKER CIRCUIT 45A FUSE
ALL ARE WIRED IN PARALLEL IF ONE ALL ARE WIRED IN PARALLEL IF ONE GOES OUT THE OTHERS STAY ON GOES OUT THE OTHERS STAY ON
LESS WIRE USED SO MONEY IS SAVEDLESS WIRE USED SO MONEY IS SAVED
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY ELECTRIC MOTORSELECTRIC MOTORS
COIL OF WIRE CARRYING CURRENT COIL OF WIRE CARRYING CURRENT SURROUNDED BY A PAIR OF SURROUNDED BY A PAIR OF
MAGNETSMAGNETS THE MORE TURNS ON THE COIL AND THE MORE TURNS ON THE COIL AND
THE STRONGER THE MAGNET , THE THE STRONGER THE MAGNET , THE FASTER THE COIL GOES.FASTER THE COIL GOES.
ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY TWO COILS OF WIRE WITH AN IRON TWO COILS OF WIRE WITH AN IRON
CORE , THE PRIMARY COIL AND THE CORE , THE PRIMARY COIL AND THE SECONDARY COILSECONDARY COIL
TRANSFORMERSTRANSFORMERS NNPP /N /NSS = V = VPP / V / VSS
IIPP x V x VPP = I = ISS x V x VSS
HEALTHHEALTH TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER
1. THE LAB THERMOMETER1. THE LAB THERMOMETER 2. 2. THE CLINICAL THERMOMETER BOTH THE CLINICAL THERMOMETER BOTH
LIQUID IN GLASS THERMOMETERSLIQUID IN GLASS THERMOMETERS 3. 3. THE DIGITAL THERMOMETERTHE DIGITAL THERMOMETER
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LAB AND DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LAB AND CLINICAL THERMOMETERS, CLINICAL THERMOMETERS,
SIZE,SCALE, MAGNIFIER IN CLINICAL SIZE,SCALE, MAGNIFIER IN CLINICAL THERMOMETER,KINKTHERMOMETER,KINK