1

úoaHq;a fldaI

úoaHq;a fldaI hkq ridhksl m%;sl%shdjla u.ska ridhksl Yla;sh úÿHq;a

Yla;sh njg mßjr;Kh l, yels Wmdx.hls'

uq,sl jYfhka úoaHq;a fldaI foj¾.hlg fjkal, yel tkï

1& m%d:ñl fldaI

2& oaú;sl fldaI

fuysos wm ndú;d lrkqfha oaú;sl negß fõ' m%d:ñl negß hkq

ndú;fhka miq kej; wdfrdamKh l, fkdyels fldaIh'

oaú;sl fldaI hkq kej; wdfrdamKh l,yels fldaIfõ' fudag¾ r:

lafIa;%fha ndú; jkqfha o fujeks negßhls' th Bhï wï, negßhla f,i

yÿkajkq ,efí'

fudg¾ r: negß

fudag¾ r:hlg wjYH jkafka kej; msrúh yels fukau Starter

motor ioyd wjYH jk wêl Odrdj ,ndosh yels negßhls' wêl Odrdjla

;ekam;a l< yels whqßka bf,lfg%dav ilia lr idok ,o f,â

wlshqñf,ag¾ (Lead accumulator) fldaI wjYH .Kkg fY%aKs.;j

iïnkaO lsßfuka fudag¾ r: lafIa;%fha oelsh yels negß ks¾udKh lr

we;'

2

by; olaj we;af;a fjda,Ü 12 l fudag¾ r: negßhla ilialr we;s

wdldrhl rem igykls' t ioyd fldaI yhl fY%aKs.;j iïnkaO lr

we;' túg tla fldaIhl fjda,aáh;dj 2V ksid tjeks fldaI yhlska 12V

fjda,aáh;djfhka hq;a Odrjla msgflf¾' tf,iu fjda,aÜ yhl úÿ,s

moaO;s iys; fudag¾ r: ioyd negßh ilia lr we;af;a fldaI ;=klska

hq;=jh'

jdykhla mK.kajd .eksu ioyd mK.ekaúfï fudagrhg wjYH

úÿ,s Odrdj iemhsu negßh u.ska flfrk m%Odk ldrHh fõ' thg

wu;rj mq,s.= fmakq j, mq,s.= we;s lsßu ioyd wjYH úoaHq;a Yla;sh

ieuhsuo fuu.ska isÿlrhs' cklfhka ksmojk úoHq;a Yla;s m%udKh wvqjq

úg ^r:fha wjYH ;djhg jvd wvq jq úg& tu wvq úoaHq;a Yla;s m%udKh

iemhsuo negßh u.ska isÿlrhs' fudag¾ r: j, Ndú;d lrkqfha f,â

wï, (Lead acid)jr.fha neßh'

fuys úfYaI;ajh jkqfha úi¾ckh jq miq kej; ndysr úÿ,s

Odrdjla ,ndosu u.ska wdfrdamKh lsßug yels úuhs'

3

Lead Accumulator Battery

ish¿u Bhï negß uq,sl jYfhka ks¾udKh lr we;s whqre iudk

jqj;a th ksIamdokh lrk iud.ï j, ks¾udK iajremh wkqj iq¿

jYfhka fjkialï we;' negßhl fldaI (Cell) ish,a,u iudk f,i ksmojd

we;s w;r ridhksl m%;sl%shdjlg Ndckh jk Bhï (pb/f,â) iy Bhï

ñY%K (pbo2/f,â vfhdlaihsâ) bf,lafg%dav ;yvq f,i negßh ;=, nyd

we;'

fldaI fjklr we;af;a rn¾" iska;ála jeks oe j,ska tlsfklg

fjkalr we;' fuu ;yvq iudk;r.; f,i iïNkaO fldg ;yvq f.dkakla

f,I tl,eia lr we;s w;r th ;yvq f.dkq folla f,I iïnkaO fõ'

tfiau tu Ok ;yvqj f.dkakg w.%hla iïnkaO fldg th (+) Ok

w.%h f,i;a iDK ;yvq f.dkakg w.%hla iïnkaO lr th (-) w.%h

f,i;a fldaI ;=,ska msg;g f.k we;'

negß nÿfka yevh wkqj th iudk ldur lsysmhlg fnod we;s w;r

;yvq f.dkq tu ldur j, m;=,g iïnkaO fkdjk fia tkï m;=f,a bv

iys; isák fia ilia fldg we; tu.ska negßfha we;s wmøjHh ;ekam;a

úug yelsjk f,ih' th ukaä l=árh (Sediment chamber)kï fõ'

negß ;yvq ks¾udKh lr we;af;a ;o Bhï j,ska iy ,eáka rduq

l%uhghs' fuu rduq ;=, uDÿ Bhï(pb) mqrjd th iDK ;yvq f,i;a pbo2

mqrjd th Ok ;yvq f,i;a ksmojd we;' fuys Ok ;yvq ÿUqre meyehlao

iDK ;yvq w¿ iqÿ meyehlao .ks' fuys iDK ;yvq folla w;rg Ok

;yvq tlalr we;af;a ieu úgu ridhksl Yla;sh jeälr .eksug fyj;a

negßfha Odß;djh jeälr .eksu ioydhs'

4

negßhl uq,sl fldgia

5

úYsIaG .=re;ajh (Specific Gravity)

úYsIag .=re;ajh hkq hïlsis øjhl iy c,fha >k;ajh tlsfklg

ikaaikaokh lsßfuka úYsIag .=re;ajh ,efí' úYsIaG .=re;ajh u.ska

fy,sorõ lrkqfh hïlsis øjhla ner iy c,fha nr w;r iïnkaO;djhhs'

hïlsis øjhl nr oelaúfïos tu mßudj we;s c,h m%udKhl nrg

idfmalaIj m%ldY lsßug b; myiqh'

úYsIG .=re;ajhg tllhla fkdue; '

negßhl Cell tlla ;=, isÿjk ridhksl m%;sl%shdfõ is>%;djh

md,kh lsßug Ok ;yvq j,g jeäfhka tla >K ;yvqjla jeämqr

fhdodf.k we;'

negß wdjrK (Battery Case)

negß wdjrKh hkq negßhl yevh ,ndos we;s mßjKhhs' fïjd

ydâ rn¾" tukhsÜ" ma,diaála jeks wï, iu. m%;sl%shd fkdlrk mßjdrl

fõ'

negre wjrKhl ;sìh hq;= .=Kdx.

lïmk j,g Tfrd;a;= osh hq;=h'

WIaK;ajhg Tfrd;a;= osh hq;=h'

Yla;su;a úh hq;=h'

ridhksl øjH iu. m%;sl%shd fkdl, hq;=h'

ikakdhl;ajhla fkd;sìh hq;=h'

6

fldaI iïnkaOlh (Cell connectors)

fldaI iïnkaOdlh hkq fldaI folla iïnkaOjk ia:dkhhs' fuu.ska

tla fldaIhl wjidkfha we;s >DK ;yvqj;la wfkla fldaIfha wdrïNfha

we;s Ok ;yvqj;a wïnkaO úu isÿlrhs' negßhl fldaI lsysmhla iïnkaO

lrkqfha Cell connectors u.skss'

fjkal+re ;yvq (Separators)

fjkal+re ;yvq hkq Ok yd >DK ;yvq tlsfkl .eáu je,elaúu

ioyd tjd w;rg fhdod we;s ;yvqjls' Porous rubber yd Glass fiber jeks

øjHkaf.ka fïjd idod we;'

úoHq;a úÉfPaoaH idod.eksu

H2SO4 wï,h iy wdi%e; c,h ñY%lsßfuka ieliq úoHq;a úÉfPaoh

;kql H2SO4 fj,o fmdf,ka ,nd.; yels fõ tfy;a l¾udka;hla

jYfhka wd¾Ól jdis iy ñY%Kfha msßisÿ lu i,ld 96% l m%;sY;hla

we;s idkaø H2SO4 iy wdi%e; c,h ñY% lsßfuka l¾udka; Yd,dfõos

ñYdKh ms,sfh, lr.kq ,nhs'

ñY%Kh ms,sfh, lsßfïos o, jYfhka wdi%e; c,h iy idkaø

H2SO4 wï,h 3:1 wkqmd;hg ñY%lsßu l, hq;= jkafka isÿúh yels

wk;=re j,lajd .eksu ioyd c,hg H2SO4 wï,h l%ufhka tl;=

lsßfukss' ñY%Kh ms,sfh, l, wjia:dfõ tys wIaK;ajh wêl neúka th

meh 02 l muK ld,hla isis,a úug bv yßkq ,nhs'

bka wk;=rej tys úYsIaG .=re;ajh mßlaId l, hq;= w;r th 1'25 la

úh hq;=h'

7

negßhla ;=, we;sjk ridhksl m%;sl%shd

Bhï wï, negßhla fyj;a oaú;sl fldaIhl wNHka;r ridhksl

m%;sl%shdj i,ld ne,sfïos iïu; jYfhka úYsIa: .=re;ajh 1'25 la jq

H2SO4 wï,h ;=, pb (f,â) iy pbo2 (f,â vfhdlaihsâ / fmfrlaihsâ)

;yvq ;enq úg fuu ;yvq u.ska ksIamdokh jk Wmßu fjda,aáh;djh

2.1V muK fõ' fldaIfha m%udKh úYd, lsßfuka tkï negß ;yvq j,

u;=msg j¾.M,h jeälßfukaa fyd ;yvq .Kk jeälsßfuka ,efnk úoHq;a

Yla;s m%udKh jeälr.; yels jqjo fldaIh W;amdokh lrk fjda,aáh;djh

jeäúula isÿlr.kq ,eìu wmyiqh'

Bhï wï, negßhla ;=, we;sjk fuu l%shdj,sh úoHq;a

úÉfPaoaH l%shdj,shg iudk fõ' fuysos wefkdavh f,i negßfha Ok

;yvqo (+) tkï pbo2 o lef;dvh f,i negßfha iDK ;yvqo (-) tkï

pb o úoHq;a úÉfPaoaH f,i ;kql H2SO4 wï,ho l%shdlrhs'

wdfrdams; fldaIhla

8

negßhla úi¾ckh úu

(+ ;yvqj) (- ;yvqj) (+ ;yvqj) (- ;yvqj)

negßhla ;=, mj;sk úoaHq;a úÉfPaoaH jk ;kql H2SO4 wï,h

mj;skqfha H+ whk yd so4

2- whk f,ih' fuis Ok ;yvqj yd iDK

;yvqj tlsfklg iïnkaO l,úg we;sjk ndysr mßm:h ;=,ska úoHq;a

Odrdjla .,kqfha negß ;yvqj, jq ridhksl øjHh yd úoaHq;a úÉfPaol

w;r we;sjk ridhksl m%;sl%shdj fya;=fjka ridhksl Yla;sh úoaHq;a

Yla;sh njg mßj¾;kh úu fya;fldg f.kh'

iDK ;yvqfõ we;s pb wï, ñY%Kfh we;s so42- whk iu.

m%;sl%shdlr tu; pbso4 ksmojkq ,nk w;r Ok ;yvqfõ we;s pbo2 wï,

ñY%Kfha we;s so42-

whk iu. m%;sl%sh lr pbso4 t u; ksmojñka

ødjkhg O2 uqodyßkq ,nhs' fuysos ødjKfha we;s H+ whk O2 iu. tl;=

ú H2O ksmojhs'

fï wkqj negßhla úi¾ckh úfïos Ok ;yvqj, we;s

pbo2 pbso4 f,i;a iDK ;yvqfõ we;s

pb pbso4 njg;a mßj¾;kh jk w;r H2SO4 wï,h

H2O njg;a m;afõ' t wkqj ñY%Kfha m%udKh jeä ú ñY%Kfha úYsIAG

.=re;ajh my, hhs' t u.ska ;yvqj, pbso4 m%udKh jeäjk úg .,kq

,nk Odrj l%ufhka wvq ú negßh úirck ;;ajhg m;afõ'

9

negßhla wdfrdamKh lsßu

(+ ;yvqj) (- ;yvqj) (+ ;yvqj) (- ;yvqj)

f,â wï, fldaIhla kej; wdfrdamKh lsßu ioyd fldaIfhka

Odrdj ,nd.;a osYdjg m%;súreoaO osYdjg ir, Odrdjla fldaIhg ,ndosh

hq;=h'

fldaIhg fufia Odrdj ,ndfok úg by; ioyka jq m%;sl%shdj

isÿjk w;r tkï úoaHq;a úÉfPaolfha we;s c,h H2 yd O2 njg

úfhdckh jk w;r negß ;yvqj, we;s so42-

whk úoaHq;a úÉfPaohg

tl;= ú H+ whk iu. iïnkO ú kej; H2SO4 wï,h ksmojkq ,nhs'

;jo úoaHq;a úÉfPaofha we;s O2 whk iu. Ok ;yvqfõ jq pb whk

m%;sl%shd lr tu; pbo2 ksmojhs' fï wkqj negßhlg Odrj mßj¾;kh

fõ' úoaHq;a úÉfPaofha we;s c,h úfhdackh úu ksido we;sjk H2yd O2

jdhqj + ;yvq wi,ska O2 f,i;a - ;yvqj wi,ska H2 f,i;a msgfõ' by;

ioyka l%shdj,sfhaos wï, ñY%Kfha we;s H2SO4 m%udKh l%ufhka jeäjk

w;r H2O m%udKh wvqfõ'

tuksid wï, ñY%Kfha úYsIaG .=re;ajh jeäjk w;r úu wu;rj

wï, ñY%K uÜguo my, niskq ,efí' tu ksid negß wdfrdamKh lsßfïos

wïm ñY%Khg kshñ; uÜgug olajd msg;ska wdiq; c,h tl;= l, hq;=h'

fuu m%;sl%shdj my; mßos ,súh yelsh'

10

f,â wï, negß j¾.

1. f;;a negß (Wet battery)

2. úh,s wdfrdams; negß (Dry battery)

3. kv;a;= wkjYHh negß (Maintenance free battery)

f;;a negß (Wet battery)

negß ;=,g úoHq;a úÉfPaoh fhdod wdfrdamKh lr we;' negßh

m%fhdackhg .kakd wjia:dfõos negßh fjda,aáh;djh mßlaId lr fjda,aÜ

12 lg jvd wvq kï kshñ; fjda,aáh;dj ,efnk ;=re negßh fifuka

wdfrdamkKh l, hq;=h' ndú;d fkdfldg l,la ;snqfkdfyd;a iajhx

úi¾ckh úula isÿfõ' úi¾ckh ú l,la mej;=fkdfyd;a negßh kej;

wdfrdamKh l, fkdyels ;;a;hg m;a fõ'

fï ksid .nvdlr we;s f;;a negß uilg jrla mrlaIdlr n,

iïmq¾Kfhka wdfrdms; ;;ajhg m;jkf;la fifuka wdfrdamKh l,

hq;=h'

úh<s wdfrdams; negß (Dry charged battery)

fj<o fmdf,a jeä jYfhka Ndú;d lrkqfha úh<s wdfrdams; negßh'

negß ;=, úoHQ;a úÉfPaoaH fkdue;' negßh m%fhdackhg .kakd

wjia:dfõos úoaHq;a úÉfPaoaH fldaI ;=,g fhdod ilia lr.; hq;=h'

11

kv;a;= wkjYHh negß (Maintenance free battery)

fïjd iuyr kúk jdyk j, Ndú;d lrhs' negß fldaI ioyd

uqä fkdue;' negß uqÿk uqølr we;' fuu negß j, úoHq;a

úÉfPaok uÜgu mßlaId lsßula fyda wdiD; c,h tl;= lsßula

wjYHh ke;'

kv;a;= jYfhka l,hq;= jkafka negßh yd w.% msßisÿj ;nd

.eksu yd wjYh kï kej; wdfrdamKh lsßuhs' negßh uqÿfka we;s

o¾Ylh u.ska wdfrdamK ;;ajh fmkakqï lrhs' jdyk úÿ,s moaO;s

j, fjda,aÜ 6,12, 24 fjda,aáh;d Ndú;d lrhs' fuysos 24V ioyd

negß folla fY%aKs.;j iïnkaO lr Ndú;d lrkq ,efí'

negßhl Wi yd m<, (Battery width and higth)

negßhl Wi yd m<, wkqj tj ldKav 08 la f,i olakg ,efí'

Wi (mm)

m<, (mm)

A

162

127

B

203

127 fyda 129

C

207

135

D

204

173

E

213

176

F

213

182

G

213

222

H

220

278

12

negßhl Odß;dj (Battery capacity)

negßhl Odß;h hkq tu negßfhka ,nd.; yels úoaHq; Yla;s

m%udKhhs' fuu Yla;s m%udKh negß ;yvqj, we;s l%shdlß øjHh

m%udKh negß ;yvqj, uq¿ fla%I;% j¾.M,h yd úoaHq;a úÉfPaofha we;s

wï, m%udKh u; rod mj;shs'

negßh Odß;h hkq 26.7oC WIaK;ajhla hgf;a iïmq¾Kfhka

wdfrdams; negßhl fldaIj, fjda,aáh;djh 1.75V lg jvd my,

fkdf.dia meh 20la ;=,os negßfhka fkdlvjd ,n.; yels ksh; úÿ,s

Odrd m%udKh 20ka .=Klßfuka ,efnk w.h tu negßfha Odß;djhhs'

th weïmshr meh (AH) j,ska ,efí'

WodyrKhla f,I iuqmq¾Kfhka wdfrdams; hï negßhlska by;

ioyka ;;aj hgf;a 20AH ;=,os fkdlvjd ,nd.; yels Odrfõ m%udKh

5A kï tu negßfha Odß;djh jkqfha

fldaI fjda,aáh;djhg 1.75V jvd my,

fkdf.dia meh 20 ;=,os ,nd.; yels Odr m%udKh = 5A

negßfha Odrj ,nd.;a ld,h = 20 Hour

negßfha Odr;dj =20 5

= 100AH

iudkHfhka l=vd fudag¾ r: ioyd Ndú;d lrk negß j,

Odß;djh 35AH isg 65AH muK olajdo nia r: jeks nrjdyk ioyd

140AH isg 200AH olajd negßo ndú;d lrkq ,efí'

13

negß fodaI iys; úug n,mdk idOl'

úoHq;a úÉfPaoaH wmú;% ùu (Contamination)

úoHq;a úÉfPaoaHg øjH ksid tys meyeh fjkia fõ'

laf,daßka - uyqÿ c,h u.ska

fimf¾gr wj¾K úu iy ;yvqj u; mg,hla neosu'

wï,h wÿre meyehla .eksu'

Ok ;yvqj úLdokh ùu'

le,aisï" ue.akSishï - lák c,h u.ska

wï,h wÿre meyehla .eksu

Ok ;yvqj úLdohk ùu

hlv - wï,h ;o r;= meyehla .eksu

;U - wï,h ks,a fld< meyehla .eksu

fldaI msrúug fhdod .kakd c,h u.ska fndfyda úg negßh

laf,daßka" le,aisï iy ue.aksishï wu,hg tl;= fõ' negßfha flan,a

jh¾ g¾äk, msßisÿ lsßfños;a wfrdamKh iy jh¾ g¾äk, iïnkaO

jdykh w¨;ajeähd lrk wjia:dj,os bj;a lrk ,o jh¾ len,s iy

weK wdosh negßh ;=<g jeáfïos wï,hg f,day j¾. tl;= fõ'

negßh msrùu ioyd wdi%e; c,h muKla Ndú;d lrkak'

negßh wdfrdamKh lrk wjia:dj, uqä nqre,a lr lg wdjrKh

jk fia ;nkak'

jdykh w¨;a jeäh lrk wjia:dj, negßfha uqä fydoska jid

;nkak'

14

úÉfPaoH uÜgu ielsu w;miq lsßu

(Neglecting to top up)

,laIK - jd;hg ksrdjKh jq fldgia we;s øjHhka ye,s hdï'

fya;=j –

1. ksis fõ,jg fldaI msrúu isÿ fkdlsßu

2. wê wdfrdamKh

3. wêl Odrdjla .eksu

4. jdykfha tkacdfï wIaK;ajh wêl úu

je,elaúu –

uilg fojrla wdi%e; c,h uÜgu mßlaId lr, n,d kshñ;

m%udKhg wdi%e; c,h Ndú;d lr ielisu'

wvqfjka wdfrdamKh úu (Under charging)

,laIK –

1. Ok ;yvqj >k úu'

fyd;=j –

1. jdykh ksr;=rj Odjh fkdlsßu'

2. *eka fn,aÜ nqre,a úu'

3. wdfrdamKh" Odrdj wvqfjka ilid ;sìu'

j<lajd .eksu–

1. jdykh Odjkh fkdlrk wjia:d j,os negßh .,jd

wdfrdamKh lsßu'

2. iïu; Odrj ielsisu'

3. *eka fn,aÜ mßlaId lsßu'

15

negß mqmqrd heï (Explosion)

fyd;=j –

1. negß w.% w;r flá mßm: we;s úu'

2. jdykh úoHq;a moaO;sh u.ska wêl Odrdjla ,nd .eksu'

3. negß wdfrdaamKh jk wjia:dj,os úÿ,s mq,s.= u.ska fyda

oe,ajq ÿïjeá fyda .sksl=re u.ska negßfhka wêl Odrdjla

,nd .eksfïos we;sjk jdhqfõ msvkh yd wdfrdamKfhaos

we;sjk H2 jdhqj .sks .eksu ksid;a negß mqmqrd hdu isÿfõ'

j<lajd .eksu –

1. negrdhl fodaI nj mßlaId lsßu ioyd fyd fjk;a fodaI

iys; jdyk WmlrK mßlaId lsßu ioyd negß w.% fl,skau

iïnkaO lsßfuka je,lsu'

2. negß wdfrdamKh lsßfïos úÿ,sh ldkaÿ úï j,g bv

fkd;ìu'

3. .sks oe,a,l fyda oe,ajq ÿïjeá negßh wi,g ,x fkdlßu'

16

wï, idkaøKh jeä ùu (High gravity acid)

,laIK–

1. iDK ;yvqj osh ù hdu'

2. úÉfPaoHh wÿre meyehla .eksu'

3. wdfrdamKfhaos r;a úu'

fya;=j–

1. iïu; úYsIag .=re;ajfhka hq;a wï,h ndú;d fkdlsßu'

2. i¾cs; ;;ajfhaos wdfrdamKh lsßu msKsi wï,h tl;= lsßu'

3. negßh msrúu wdi%e; c,h fjkqjg wï,h Ndú;d lsßu'

j<lajd .eksu–

1. úh<s negßh ioyd ks¾foaYs; úYsIaG .=re;ajfhka hq;a wï,h

Ndú;d lsßu'

2. uq,a wjia:dfõos yer wka lsisu úgl negßhg wï,h tl;=

fkdlsßu'

17

negßhl wdhq ld,h wvqúu (Over charging)

,laIK –

1. negßh wêl f,I r;a ùu'

2. negßh fome;a;g fkrd tu'

3. Ok ;yvqj myiqfjka leä hdu'

4. iDK ;yvqfõ Bhï l=vq njg m;a ùu'

5. c,h jdIam ù hdu blauka ùu'

fya;=j –

1. wêl Odrdjlska wdfrdamKh ùu'

2. wvq Odß;dhlska hq;a negrhla iú lßu'

3. úoaHq;a moaO;sfha flá mßm: we;s ùu'

4. flá ld,hla ;=, kej; kej; wdfrdamKh lsßu'

j<lajd .eksu –

1. wdfrdamKh Odrj uilg jrla mßlaId lr .eksu'

2. jdykh ioyd kshñ; negßhla iú lsßu'

18

negßh úi¾cs; ;;ajfha ;sìu

(Battery idling for long time)

,laIK–

1. wdfrdamKh lsßug wmyiq ùu'

2. wdfrdamKfhaos wêl f,i r;a ùu'

3. Ok ;yvqj iDK ;yvqj iy fimf¾g¾ u; iqÿ meye;s iaMál we;s

ùu'

fya;=j–

1. úi¾cs; ;;ajfhka os.= l,hla ;sìu'

2. jdykfhka wdfrdamKh fkdùu'

j<lajd .eksu–

1. Ndú;d fkdlrk wjia:dj,os wdfrdamKh lr ;eìu'

2. mq¾K úi¾cs; ;;ajhg m;a úug fmr kej; wdfrdamKh lsßu'

19

negß kv;a;= / lsßu

1. negßh ndysßka mrlaId lsßu / msßisÿj ;nd .eksu'

2. negß w.% ksis wdldrfhka ;o lr ;sìu'

3. negß w.% iïíO lsßfïos g¾ñk,a wvq ndú;d lsßu'

4. úoHq;a úÉfPaoHh uÜgu mßlaId lsßu'

5. negßfha wdfrdamK ;;aj mßlaId lsßu'

6. negß wdfrdamKh lsßu'

negßh ndysßka mßlaId lsßu

1. fuysos negßh wdjrK c,h fhdod msßisÿ lsßfïos fldaI ;=,g c,h

fkdoñh hq;=h'

2. negß lKq j, Tlaihsâ neos we;a;kï tjd WKqj;=r oud msßisÿ

l, hq;=hs'

3. negßfha jd isÿre ksis mßos ;sìh hq;= w;r negßfha uQä fydoska

jid ;sìh hq;=h'

4. negß g¾ñk,a ksis wdldrj ;sfíoeh yd iúú ;sfíoeh mßlaIdj'

20

ndysr mßlaId lsßu

by; rEmfha osiajk wdldrhg negß w.% nqre,a ú fyda f.ú

;sfíoehs mßlaId l, hq;=h'

by; rEmfha wdldrhg negß lKqj, úLdokh (Corrosion) isÿú

;sfíkñ t ioyd Terminal cleaner tlla ndú;fhka th msßisÿ lr.;

hq;=h'

21

Clamp spreader

negßfha w.%j,ska Clamp (g¾ñk,a) .e,úfïos fuu WmlrKh

Ndú;d ll, yel' ;jo w¿;a negßhla oeñfïos g¾ñk,a iúlsßu ioyd

by; WmlrKh Ndú;d fõ'

Clamp cleaner tlla u.ska Clamp tl msßisÿ lsßu' fuysos fydoska

negßfha uQä jid ;nkak'

22

úoHq;a úÉfPaoHh uÜgu mßlaId lsßu'

negßh iu;, ;sria u;=msgl ;nd tys úoHq;a úÉfPaoHh uÜgu

mrlaId l, hq;=h' tys uÜgu ;yvqj, by, uÜgug jvd 7mm la by,ska

fyd ksIamdolhska negß wdj¾Kfha i,l=Kq lr we;s Wmßu uÜgu (Upper

level) ;sìh hq;=h'

úoHq; úÉfPaHh uÜgu my< nei we;akï kshu;a uÜgu olajd

wdi%e; c,h (Distilled water) muKla tl;= lsßfuka ksjeros l, hq;=h'

lsis úfgl;a wï,h tl;= lsßu fkdl, hq;=h'

23

negßfha wdfrdamK ;;ajh mßlaId lsßu

fï ioyd negß øj udkh (Battery hydrometer) Ndú;d lrkq

,nhs'

negß øj udkh (Battery hydrometer)

r;= - úi¾cs;h

iqÿ - w¾O wdfrdams;h

fld< - mq¾K wdfrdams;h

24

f,â wï, negßhl wdfrdamKh ls¾Kh lsßu ioyd øj udkh

(Hydrometer) nú;d l,yel' fuu mßlaIKfhaos isÿlrkq ,nkqfha øj

udkh wdOdrfhka negrh fldaI j, úoHq;a úÉfPaofha úYaIG .=re;ajh

mßlaId lsßuhs'

øjudkh isria w;g msysgk fia ;ndf.k øjudkfha bms,a, mdúug

yels;rug ñY%Kfhka iaj,amhla weo.kak' ñY%Kh weo.;a miq th ;=,

bms,a, mdfjj w;r th wï, ñY%Kfh .s,s we;s m%udKh tys mdGdxlh

u.ska lshjd .kak' bms,a, wxl igyka lsßug wu;rj fndfyda úg tys

fld<" iqÿ" r;= j¾K fhdod we;' ñY%Kh b;d ÿ¾j, kï (wfmalaIs;

úIsG.=re;ajfha fkdue;s kï) tys bms,a, m;=,g lsod nis' fï wdlrhg

negßhl wdfrdamK ;;ajh myiqfjka jgyd .; yelsh'

negßfh wdfrdamK

;;ajh

bms,af,a j¾Kh 20OC os úYsIAG

.=re;ajh

mQ¾K wdfrdams; fld< 1'300 - 1'250

w¾O wdfrdams; iqÿ 1'250 - 1'200

úi¾cs; r;= 1'200 - 1'100

WIaK;ajfha n,meu u; úoHq;a jÉfPaofha úYsIAG .=re;ajh iq¿

jYfhka fjkia fõ' WIaK;ajh 1OClska jeä jq úg úYsIaG .=re;ajfha

w.h 0'001 lska jeäjk w;r WIaK;ajh 1OC lska wvq jq úg úYsIAG

.=re;ajfha w.h 0'0001 lska wvq fõ'

25

yhsfv%d ógrh Ndú;hg Wmfoia

1. negßhg isriaj isák fia w,a,d .kak'

2. bms,a, wdj¾Kfha fkdjeos mdfjk úglos ñkqï lshdjkak'

3. øjKfha by,u ia:dkfhaka ñkqu ,nd.kak'

4. weiauÜgu fl,ska yhsfv%dñgrfha ødjK ;ndf.k lshjkak'

5. Ndú;fhka miq isßisÿ lr wdrlaId ldßj ;nd.kak'

26

yhsfv%d ñgrhla wdOdrfhka negßhla mßlaId lrk

wdlrh'

yhsfv%d ñgrh isriaj isgk fia

negrh ;=,g oud t ;=,g úoaHQ;a

úÉfPaoHfhka fldgila f.k mGdxlh

.; hq;=h'

Hydrometer lska

negßhla mßlaId lrk fuu

wjia:dfõos tla fldaIhl

idkaøK wkqmd;h (úYsIaG

.=re;ajh) fjkia w.hls' kuq;a

fuu mßlaIKfhaos fldaI

ish,af,ysu w.h ksjerosj ;sìh

hq;=h'

tkï fuu negßh fodaI iy.;

fõ'

27

wê ner mßlaIlh (Load tester)

fjda,aÜ ógrh

úner

m%;sfrdaO

28

fuu WmlrKh u.ska mK.ekajqï fudagrh ksis wdldrfhka l%shd

lrùug wjYHh lrk Odr m%udKh negßfhka ,ndosh yelsfõo hkak

mßlaId lrkq ,nhs' tkï negßfha wdfrdmK ;;ajh mßlaId lsßuls'

fuysos fm<uqj fjda,aÜ ñgrhlska w.% fjda,aáh;dj uek.; hq;=h'

miqj negßfha Odß;hg wkql=,j wmlrKh we;s m%;sfrdaOl

f;drd.; hql=h' fuu mßlaIdj ;;amr 05lr wvq ld,hlska wjika l,

h;=h w;r mßlAIdjg m%:u negßh fydoska wdfrdamKh ú ;sìh hq;=h'

fuu mßlaIKfhaaos negßh u.ska Odrj msg;g ,nd.kakd fudfydf;aos w.%

fjda,aáh;d neisï WmlrKfha we;s fjda,aÜ ñgrh u.ska fmkakqu lrhs'

12V negßhla fuu WmlrKh Ndú;fhka mßlaId lsßfïos w.%

fjda,aáh;d neiau 9V – 12V w;r mej;=fkdfyd;a th fydo wdfrdmK

;;ajfha we;s negßhla f,I kï l, yel'

29

negß wdfrdamKh

fudag¾ r: negß wdfrdamKh l, yelaflfla ir, Odrjla u.ska

muKs (DC current) negßhla l,la tlu ;ek ;sìfuka fyd wdfrdamK

moaO;sfha we;s fodaIhka ksid úi¾cs; úh yelsh' fï ioyd negß

wdfrdamlhla (Battery charger) Ndú;d lrkq ,nhs'

negß wdfrdamKh m%Odk jYfhka l%u ;=kls tkï

m%d:ñl wdfrdamKh

idukHh wdfrdamKh

is.%;d wdfrdamKh

m%d:ñl wdfrdamKh

fuu wdfrdamK l%uh negßhlg tla jrlos muKl isÿlrkq ,nhs'

tkï fuu wdfrdamK l%uh w¿;au negß ioyd fhdod.ks' fuyssos fj<o

fmdf,ka ñ,os .kakd úh<s negß ;=,g ;kql i,amshqßla wï,h tl jrla

wjYHh m%udKhg oeñu isÿlrkq ,nhs'

fï ioyd ,ndosh hq;= jkafka negßfha Odß;djfhka �

�� l Odrdjla

muKs' negßhla uq,a wjia:dfõos jeä l,hla fuu l%uh u.ska

wdfrdmKfhka tys l,ameje;auo jeäfõ'

fuh meh 15 l%uh f,io yÿkajkq ,efí'

30

idukHh wdfrdamKh

negß wdfrdamKh ioyd nyq,ju fhdod.kq ,nkafka fuu l%uhhs'

negßhla m<ï jr wdfrdamKfhka miq kej; wdfrdamKh ioyd jvd;au

iqÿiqu l%uh fuh fõ'

fuysos lrkq ,nkqfha wdfrdamK hka;%hla wdOdrfhka tu negßfha

Odß;jfhka �

�� l Odrjla ,ndos wdfrdamKh úug ie,iaúuhs' fuh meh

10 l%uh f,io yÿkajhs' ksoiqkla f,i 50Ah negßhla wdfrdamKh

lsßfïos t ioyd ,ndosh hq;= Odrd m%udKh jkqfha

50ù ���

� 5A tkï wdfrdamKh l, hq;= ld,h meh 10 ls'

Odß;djh � ld,h ù Odrdj

31

iudkH wdfrdamKho m%Odk fldgia lsysmhlg j¾. l, yel

iudkH wdfrdamKh

iudka;r.; wdfrdamKh fY%aKs.; wdfrdamKh

iudka;r.; iudka;r.; fY%aKs.; fY%aKs.;

iudk Odrd wiudk Odr iudk Odrd wiudk Odr

iys; negß iys; negß negß iys; negß

iudka;r.; wdfrdamKh

iudka;r.; wdfrdamKfhaos ,ndosh hq;=jkafka tlu

fjda,áh;djhls' tkï iudk Odrdj kï bka tll w.h �

�� ka .=Klr tk

w.h negß .Kfkka .=Klr .; hq;=h' wiudk Odrdj kï Odrj,

tl;=j f.k �

�� .=Klr tk ms,s;=r negß .Kkska .=Kl, hq;=h'

fY%aKs.; wdfrdamKh

fuysos ,ndosh hq;= fjda,aáh;djh negß j, we;s fjda,aáh;d j,

tl;=jhs' fïysos Odrdj kï tla negßhl w.h �

��.=Klr negß .Kfka

fjda,aáh;d tl;=lr ,ndosh hq;=h'

32

is.%;d wdfrdamKh (Quick charge)

fuh iqúfYaIs wdfrdamK l%uhls' yosis wjia:djlos negßh

wdfrdamKh lr .eksu ioyd nú;d lrkq ,nk w;r fuh negßfha wdhq

ld,h wvq úugo n,mdkq ,nhs'

fuh iïu; wdfrdamK l%uhla fkdjk w;r idukH l%uh hgf;a

negßhla wdfrdamKh lsßu ioyd ,ndfok Odrj fuka oy.=Khl úoaHq;a

Odrjla ,ndosh hq;= w;r th ,nd fokafka negßfha Odß;jfhka 80%

ioyd muKs' b;sß 20% iudkH wdfrdamKfhaos ,ndfok Odrj ,ndosh hq;=

fõ'

fuu l%uh u.ska wdfrdamKh lsßfïos negßh uqä nqre,a lr ;eìh

hq;=fõ' tkï negßh ;=, is.%fhka m%;sl%sh we;sjk ksidh'