Bell Ringer Bell Ringer

List 3 examples of phenotype List 3 examples of phenotype

I can describe non-living I can describe non-living influences on changes in the influences on changes in the environment. environment.

Genetics Genetics

What is genetics? What is genetics?

Phenotype— Who can tell me Phenotype— Who can tell me …………….…………….

Genotype– Who can tell Genotype– Who can tell me………. me……….

Environmental Non-living Environmental Non-living influencesinfluences

limit whether a species can survive in a limit whether a species can survive in a habitathabitat

Examples: Examples:

PollutionPollution

FireFire

Height of a mountainHeight of a mountain

Volcanic eruptionVolcanic eruption

Periodic flooding of riversPeriodic flooding of rivers

What changes happen as you travel up the What changes happen as you travel up the mountain? Visualize…. mountain? Visualize….

Brain Storm: Take 2 min. with you neighbor Brain Storm: Take 2 min. with you neighbor

Think about what changes as you travel up Think about what changes as you travel up the mountain. Plant & Animal differences… the mountain. Plant & Animal differences…

The environment gradually changes as you go The environment gradually changes as you go up the mountain.up the mountain.

Temperature decreasesTemperature decreases

Wind usually increasesWind usually increases

At high elevation, trees can be short and At high elevation, trees can be short and stubbystubby

Above certain elevations (trees Above certain elevations (trees don’t grow at all) don’t grow at all)

Animals are found also vary at Animals are found also vary at different elevationdifferent elevation

Nepal Nepal

Nepal is one of the richest countries in the world in terms Nepal is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of bio-diversity due to its unique geographical position of bio-diversity due to its unique geographical position and altitude variation. The elevation of the country ranges and altitude variation. The elevation of the country ranges from 60 meters above sea level to the highest point on from 60 meters above sea level to the highest point on earth, Mt. Everest at 8,848 meters, all within a distance of earth, Mt. Everest at 8,848 meters, all within a distance of 150 kilometers resulting in climatic conditions from sub-150 kilometers resulting in climatic conditions from sub-tropical to arctic.tropical to arctic.

This wild variation fosters an incredible variety of This wild variation fosters an incredible variety of ecosystems, the greatest mountain range on earth, thick ecosystems, the greatest mountain range on earth, thick tropical jungles teeming with a wealth of wildlife, tropical jungles teeming with a wealth of wildlife, thundering rivers, forested hills and frozen valleys.thundering rivers, forested hills and frozen valleys.

Within this spectacular geography is also one of the Within this spectacular geography is also one of the richest cultural landscapes anywhere. The country is a richest cultural landscapes anywhere. The country is a potpourri of ethnic groups and sub-groups who speak over potpourri of ethnic groups and sub-groups who speak over 93 languages and dialects. Nepal offers an astonishing 93 languages and dialects. Nepal offers an astonishing diversity of sightseeing attractions and adventure diversity of sightseeing attractions and adventure opportunities found nowhere else on earth. And you can opportunities found nowhere else on earth. And you can join in the numerous annual festivals that are celebrated join in the numerous annual festivals that are celebrated throughout the year in traditional style highlighting throughout the year in traditional style highlighting enduring customs and beliefsenduring customs and beliefs

Species and the Species and the Environment Environment

Natural SelectionNatural Selection

MutationMutation

Selective breedingSelective breeding

Direction of evolutionDirection of evolution

Extinction of a species Extinction of a species

Natural SelectionNatural Selection

According to Darwin and Wallace According to Darwin and Wallace changes happen from generation changes happen from generation to generation that result in to generation that result in adaptations to the environment. adaptations to the environment.

Evolution—the change in genetics Evolution—the change in genetics of a species over time. of a species over time.

Natural selection—the Natural selection—the proposed organisms that are proposed organisms that are better adapted to an better adapted to an environment survive and environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate reproduce at a greater rate than others. than others.

Fittest survive Fittest survive

Mutation– is the process in which Mutation– is the process in which DNA results in new alleles. DNA results in new alleles.

Some of these produce– Some of these produce– Mutations for improved Mutations for improved

adaptations and reproduction.adaptations and reproduction.

Homework Homework

• List some nonliving factors in the List some nonliving factors in the environment that can cause change in environment that can cause change in species over several generations. species over several generations.

• Compare selective breeding and natural Compare selective breeding and natural breeding.breeding.

• How are evolution and extinction related? How are evolution and extinction related?

• What are some (3) changes made by What are some (3) changes made by humans in the area where you live that humans in the area where you live that might affect some of the species in Harlan. might affect some of the species in Harlan.

RReading pages 38-56eading pages 38-56

Reading checks pages Reading checks pages 39,41,44,46,50,39,41,44,46,50,

WRITE the question and the WRITE the question and the complete answer. complete answer.