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Cabling technology in data center

an outlook

Stefan RiesVice President Private Networks, Reichle & De Massari

Member/Expert ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC25 WG 3



Contend

• Current cabling standards for DC

• Future transmission standards

• Cabling planning / implementation

• Cabling in the operation



Datacenter - Standards US

TIA/EIA 568-B 1 TIA/EIA 569-B TIA/EIA 606-A TIA/EIA-J- 607 TIA/EIA 758-A

TIA/EIA 568-B 2

TIA/EIA 568-B 3

TIA/EIA 942Telecommunication Infrastructure

for Data Center

CablingPathways

and

Spaces

Administration Grounding

and

Bonding

OSP

Cabling



ISO / IEC 2764 – 2nd FCD1) Draft

Generic cabling systems for Data Centers

Source: ISO/IEC J TC 1/SC 25 N 1643 2nd FCD SIO/IEC 24764:2009-04-211) Under Vote as per 2009-08-22



ISO / IEC 2764 – 2nd CD Draft

Generic cabling systems for Data Centers

Source: ISO/IEC J TC 1/SC 25 N 1463 2nd CD SIO/IEC 24764:2008-01-08



Flash light: ISO/IEC 24764

• Functional elements• External network interface ENI

• Main distributor MD• Zone Distributor ZD

• Local distribution point LDP

• Equipment outlet EO

• Limitation to Cat. 6A, Cat. 7 and Cat. 7A in the distribution area

• Performance requirement according ISO / IEC 11801 2nd ed. Adm. 1&21)

• Optical interface (EO) only LC (IEC 61754-20) & MPO (IEC 61754-7)

1) Under Vote as per 2009-08-22Source: ISO/IEC J TC 1/SC 25 N 1643 2nd FCD SIO/IEC 24764:2009-04-21



Comparison TIA vs. ISO/IEC

TIA cabling ISO/IEC

Dedicated to DC NO YES

Cat. 6A/ Aperformance

Lower Higher

UTP & STP Not really Yes

Approved Yes Vote 2009-08-22



Standards related to 10GB/s

• IEEE 802.3an

– Standard which defines the 10GbE –Application

– Defines the requirements for the cabling that 10GbE can be implemented

• ISO/IEC 11 801 ed. 2002– Global standard for generic cabling

– Amendment 1 (former 1.1) defines the channel requirement

• Class EA and FA for 10GbE

– Amendment 2 (former 1.2) defines the component values required to reach Class EA and FA

independent from the manufacturer (re embedded)

• ISO/IEC TR 24 750 – EIA/TIA TSB 155

– Technical report for approve existing cabling regarding 10GbE capability

• EIA/TIA 568.xx

– American standard for generic cabling

– Usually faster that ISO/IEC and lower in performance

• EN 50 173-x– European standard for generic cabling

– Usually waiting on ISO/IEC -> no need for harmonisation

– No 10GbE definitions yet



Standard Overview Aug. 2009

Channel Components

cable connectivity

IEEE 802.3an

(10GbE)

“relaxed NEXT-

slope”

~ 40 DB/Dec

N.C.

EIA/TIA

568B.2-10

Cat. 6A

“relaxed slope”

~ 27 DB/Dec

Cat. 6A Cat. 6A

ISO/IEC11801

Class EA“NEXT not relaxed”

Amendment 1

Cat. 6A

Under definition 1)

Amendment 21) Under Vote as per 2009-08-22



A or A

• EIA/TIA 568B2-10– Link Cat. 6A; Components Cat. 6A

• ISO/IEC 11801 / EN 50173

– Link Class EA; Components Cat. 6A

• Massive difference in performance

• Often not precise labeled

• Components often wrong labeled



Standard Overview Aug. 2009

Channel Components

cable connectivity

IEEE 802.3an

(10GbE)

“relaxed NEXT-

slope”

~ 40 DB/Dec

N.C.

EIA/TIA

568B.2-10

Cat. 6A

“relaxed slope”

~ 27 DB/Dec

Cat. 6A Cat. 6A

ISO/IEC11801

Class EA“NEXT not relaxed”

Amendment 1

Cat. 6A

Under definition 1)

Amendment 21) Under Vote as per 2009-08-22



EIA/TIA Class Cat. 6A (Channel)

EIA/TIA Cat. 6A componentlimits

Components vs. ChannelISO/IEC Class EA

C h a n n e l N E X T P e r f o r m a n

c e

Components vendor A

Components vendor C (Cat 6A)

Components vendor B (Cat 6A)

Components vendor D (Cat 6A)

The components used to build a Class EA

channel according to ISO/IEC, will notnecessarily meet the EIA/TIA Cat. 6A

component standards (even thoughEIA/TIA Cat. 6A components can onlycombine to build a lower performingchannel according to EIA/TIA Cat. 6A!)



Class EA / Category 6A (Channel) certificate



Future application standards



Data center demand

Source: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25/WG 3(Barcelona/Flatman)018-02-08 IEEE 802.3 Project report



Date rate in the Data center

Source: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25/WG 3(Barcelona/Flatman)018-02-08 IEEE 802.3 Project report



40/100GB – Ethernet IEEE 802.3ba

Not 40GBase-T

Not 100GBase-T



IEEE 802.3ba connectivity (Draft 2.0)

40GBASE-CR4

IEC 61076-3-113

100GBASE-CR10

SFF-8642IEC ????

802.3ba is based on 4 resp. 10parallel 10GB/s transmissions



IEEE 802.3ba (Status Draft 2.0)40GB/s / 100GB/s Ethernet

• IEEE 802.3ba is based on 4 resp. 10 parallel 10GB/s links

– This allows to use of an already known technology

• IEEE 802.3ba do not plan to make use of any Cat. Xx

Technology for copper so far.– There are no plans for an IEEE project for 40GBase-T with Cat. 7A

• For FO 802.3ba refer to OM3 and MPO connectivity

– The current MPO design can’t handle all 100GB/s arrangements

– The use of OM4 is still open



OM4 fibre

• 802.3ba defines 10 parallel 10GB/s for a distance of 100mwith OM3

• 802.3z defines 10GB/s for a distance of 300m with OM3

• The use of OM4 would enlarge the attenuation budget againstOM3

Source: ISO/IEC J TC 1/SC 25 N 1645 2nd FPDAM SIO/IEC 11801 Adm. 2: 2009-04-21



Cabling planning / implementation



The data center thesis's

1. Low density is as important as high density

2. Installation speed and flexibility is core

3. Standardization on the implementation level isimportant

• Modularity



Density

• A structured cabling of a Data

center require more space than an

unstructured• Patch areas requires

– Space to patch

– Provide overview



Future Expansion Plans in the Next 5 YearsData Center - U.S. 2007 & U.K. 2008

0 20 40 60 80 100

Expand existing data

center(s)

Outsource more data

center functions

Build a new datacenter

UK US

%

No. Respondents: U.S. 250; U.K.120



US Market



Data center activity

• More money is spent in the passive infrastructure

during operation than for to build a data center

– Planning doesn’t stop when the DC is built– There are installation activities in a running DC

– There change the use of the space in a DC



Installation in a DC

• High reliability and installation quality required

– High success at first try rate

– Easy installation –> low failure

UTP Anteil "Pass" (%)

97.7

78.8

46.9

3.2

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.090.0

100.0

R&M V-4 V-6 V-9

% PASS after installation UTP



Installation in a DC

• Pre-termination



FO reliability

Splice: 4 connection

No Epoxy, No Polish: 4 connection, fast connection

Pre termination: 2 connection, fast termination



Standardization on the implementation

• Planning get less complex

• The effort for migration or resizing decrease

• The handling of multi site installations get lesscomplex

• The standardization of the implementation requires ahigh modularity of the used systems



Standardization on platform level

• CU and FO in the same

platform deployable• Mix of FO and CU in the

same platform

• Deploy the same linkcomponents in differentplatforms



Operation



downtime in data centersApril 2007: 100 Data center with a high Blade-Server density

The human is the biggest problem !



Protection of the data center “Avoid trouble maker”

• Protection of the cabling from human?

• Avoid mistake of the human in the

cabling

• 80% of the errors can be avoided very

easily

The small thingshave the big effect



Overview, Overview, Overview“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

• Color keeps the overview

• The code must be applicable

by the operators– Colored patch cords ??



Think before act“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

Additional step before disengage



Prevent wrong connection“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

Mechanical coding



Only if authorized“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

Key look

… also against patch cable thief's



Don’t ask for the impossible“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

Latch operation with bladeserver deployment

Source: Polywell Computers

Source: unknown



The importance of the patch cord

• The patch cords are deployed where the signal level

is lowest and the distribution is highest

As higher the data rate

as higher the demand for

the patch cords!

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