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    BIRD SUVREY:

    METHODOLOGY AND SimpleANALYSIS

    Sherub

    Bhutan

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    Presentation Contents

    Background: Bird Survey in Bhutans

    Context

    Survey Methodology Data Analysis

    Tips for Effective Bird Survey

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    Background: Bird Survey in

    Bhutans Context Founded by Foreign Visitors

    Captain Pembertons Mission,1837-1938.

    Frank Ludlows Mission,1933, 1934 & 1936 Salim Ali & Ripley Dillons Survey, 1966-1973

    (upon the initiative of out Late Monarch Jigme

    Dorji Wangchuk)

    Inskkips Survey of Birds in Protected Areas ofBhutan, 1980s.

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    Background: Bird Survey in

    Bhutans Context (contd.) Species Frequency Richness Method

    Inskipps Bird Surveys in 1980s

    Effective for Rapid Bird Surveys Used in all the PAs of Bhutan

    Minor Analytical tools added

    Simple and Efficient technique

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    BUT GOT to KNOW the SPECIES

    FAIR enough if WE are ONE species

    FOCUSSED

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    Species Frequency Richness

    Method What do we do in SFRM?

    Trail Transect (walking, observing and

    enumerating)

    Choice to use (foot paths, motorable roads,

    navigate to reach a random point using GPS)

    Cover and Cross various habitat types and

    eco-types.

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    Surveyors Skills

    Identification Skill Direct sighting of a species

    Morphological distinctness

    Vigilance at Movements Flight and display behavior

    Foraging Bathing in water and soil

    Bio-acoustical Skill Vocalizations (seasonal call, matting, territorial call, and alarm call)

    Detective Skill Signs of evidences (feathers, dead remains, egg shells, nests &

    droppings) Other Skills

    Clues such as carrying nest and food materials

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    Surveyors Skills contd..

    Mechanical Skill

    Distractive approach

    phishing : attract birds as phishing frequency

    somehow lies within the call/sound frequency of

    some birds/small birds or phishing is perceived as

    threat/enemy.

    Mimicry calls: of predatory species hooting

    mimic ofGlaucidium brodiei(Collared Owlet). Call Playback: pre-recorded playback or at site

    record song and playback.

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    Surveyors Skills contd

    Be Aware

    Of species of National Concern (FNCA, 1995)

    Of species of International Concern (IUCN,CITES)

    Of species Highly Exploited for food, medicine

    and trade

    Of Habitats or Eco-types

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    What data do we COLLECT?Habitat Type: CBFE, Locality: Anon,

    Altitude: 2300m, GPS Position: --------N, ---------E,Effort: 0500hrs-0510hrs, Threats:----, Evidences:--

    Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total Approx.count

    Babbler Rufous-fronted 2

    Babbler Rufous-capped 2

    Babbler Golden 1

    Barbet Golden-throated 4

    Barbet Great 5

    Bar Wing Hoary-throated 7

    Blackbird Grey-winged 3

    Blackbird White-collared 4

    Bulbul Black 9

    Bulbul Himalayan 15

    Bulbul Mountain 12

    Bulbul Red-vented 20

    Bulbul Striated 11

    Bullfinch Brown 6

    Bullfinch Grey-headed 8

    Bullfinch Red-headed 4

    Bunting Crested 2

    Bush Warbler Aberrant 1

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    SYSTEMATIC DATA COLLECTION

    1. First 20 bird species is recorded (List 1).Record effort made (time) to complete List 1.

    2. List 2 is started and a further 20 species isrecorded. Each list must contain 20 firstspecies, but subsequent lists can includespecies previously listed. However, effortsmust be made to exclude the sameindividual/flock bird from the list.

    3. Then List 3 is started4. List is repeated until no new species is

    recorded

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    SYSTEMATIC DATA COLLECTION

    contd..

    5. A running species total/bird species diversity is

    obtained by extracting the number of species in

    List 2 that were not listed in List 1 and so on

    throughout all the lists recorded for each site.Species richness is the species total/bird

    species diversity reached when no new species

    are recorded. Species richness is thus assumed

    to be an approximate number of bird speciesdiversity present in a habitat at that time of the

    year

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    SYSTEMATIC DATA COLLECTION

    contd

    Other data collected from site/habitat are:

    locality, habitat type, location (geographic

    coordinate), altitude, threats (ecological or

    human induced: grazing, shifting

    cultivation, evidence of poaching)

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    DATA ANALYSIS

    Data entry (Microsoft Access)

    Focus on 4 analytical approaches

    Species Frequency Richness Valuation of Important areas (sherub indices)

    Species-Habitat Affinity

    Effort Curve and Species Diversity

    Species-Elevation Affinity

    Simple Regression Analysis

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    Analysis I: Species Frequency

    RichnessSpecies F equency Curve f r5 j rEcosystems

    SpciesRunning List

    Species

    Frequency

    Richness

    t ce

    t ce

    c fe

    s

    f e

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    Analysis II: Valuation of Important

    Bird AreasValuation of bird records in areas in BWS

    Areas

    Value

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    Analysis III: Species-Habitat Affinity

    Species-Habitat Affinity

    accnis

    actnip

    aei

    aet al

    cin

    ant

    ab

    ba

    n

    btb

    t

    Species

    D

    etection

    Frequency cbfe

    t ce

    t ce

    s

    f e

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    Analysis IV: Effort-Time & Species

    DiversityEff t-ti e i e h e te /l lityt li tfi t 20 i

    S E E SD E T E

    e y te /l lity

    ti

    e

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    Tips for Effective Bird Watching

    1. Habitats

    2. Canopy Watching

    3. Sky Watching

    4. Speed Walking

    5. Flushing/shunning Stone

    6. Sitting still

    7. Timing

    8. Nocturnal species

    9. Knowledge of call

    10. Audio tape recording

    11. Attracting birds12. Special Events

    13. Mist netting

    14. Local knowledge

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    Tips for Effective Bird Watching

    AVOID Thumb Rule

    A: Always ALERT (all senses)

    V: Always VIGILANT (visual sense)O: Always OBSERVANT (careful watch)

    I: Always INQUISITIVE (curiosity)

    D: Always DESCRIPTIVE (details)

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    GEA UP OR

    BIRDING!!!!

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    He WHOenjoys birding

    make suc emotions.