Section 3 Pages (71-74) European Footholds in Southeast

AsiaBK

Outpost-Distant military station.

Sepoy-Indian soldier in an army set up by the French or English East India Company.

Vocab

In 1510 Portugal seized the Island of Goa, off the Indian coast.◦ Became military & commercial base

◦ All under commander Afonso de Albuquerque

◦ Moved to end Muslim power and turn the Indian Ocean to the Portugal Lake.

Portugal’s Empire in the East

Afonso ruined costal towns and Arab fleets Portuguese attacked Aden at the Red Sea 1511- Afonso took Malacca, murdering

Muslims and becoming feared and hated. In under 50 years they:

◦ Built and controlled a trade empire◦ Military/Merchant outposts◦ Gained control of the South◦ Seized Cities in East Africa

Resupplying and repairing ships

Trading Outposts

Had sea power but barely no spot in Asian Trade.◦ Not enough strength or resources, unlike competitors.

In Goa:◦ Attacked Muslims◦ Destroyed temples of Hindu

*Introduced Inquisition!*◦ Sank Muslim ships, on way to Mecca.◦ Sometimes got to trade and sometimes received the cold

shoulder.

Impact

Were the First Europeans to challenge the Portuguese.

Netherlands used to be a bunch of provinces and cities on North Sea.

Known for crafts and trade. Due to Royalty (marriages) it become under

Spain's rule in early 1500. Protestant north provinces won their

independence.

Rise of The Dutch

1599 Dutch return to Amsterdam (1 year later) Happy Return Investor’s got all profit from adventure Very successful Late 1500’s warships and trading vessels

made them the forefront of European commerce.

New power used to: Set up colonies Create trade posts Built Cape Town Settlement

Sea Power

1602 wealthy Dutch built The Dutch East India Company

Tried to become major power holders 1641 captured Malacca, opened trade with

China Enforced Monopoly in Spice Islands Controlled shipments to Europe and Southeast

Asia Used Military force Forged ties to local rulers Married Asian Women

Dutch Dominance

Took over Philippines Magellan claimed archipelago in 1521 for Spain Within 50 years Spain colonized Islands and renamed

them.◦ Renamed for Kind Phillip II

Filipinos aren’t united, and easy to conquer

Reformation Spanish priests tried to convert the Filipino to Christianity Missionaries tried spreading teachings in China and Japan Philippines became the trading empire Shipped silver across the pacific Used silver to buy goods

Spain Seizes the Phillipines

European traders now enjoyed strength and prosperity

1526 Babur founded Mughal Dynasty Europeans were dazzled by India and their

high luxury goods European could not live up to the

sophisticated Mughal Indians

Mughal India and European Traders

Lead manufacturer in:◦ Silk ◦ Cotton cloth◦ Sheer muslins◦ Elaborate chintzes◦ Handicrafts◦ Ships

Mughal Empire was bigger and better than any other European Kingdom

Portuguese, Dutch, English, and French were allowed with time to build forts and warehouses.

Industry & Commerce

Conflicts between Hindu and Muslim princes due to the ended policy of religious toleration

Long silver war had worn out Mughal resources

Rulers increase on tax caused rebellion Early 1700’s didn’t have many powerful

leaders Central government collapsed.

Turmoil & Decline

Mughal power faltered, traders rivaled off of Indian princes.

Made alliances with officials and independent party's Each side had a army of sepoys. Mid 1700’s British and French still had been having a

power struggle, resulting in war◦ The fight soon included Asia and the Americas due to its rapid

spread Robert Clive- British East India Company Agent.

◦ Made army of sepoys and troops to drive the French Forced Mughal emperor to recognize it should be

collecting taxes Late 1700’s company became ruler of Bengal

◦ Used wealth to influence India

British-French Rivalry

Great Britain dominated trade in what country from the late1700s through the 1900s?

Portugal How did Portugal gain control of trade in Southeast Asia?Seized off Island Of Goa under Afonso de Alberqerque

Who did Portugal lose control of trade routes in the Indian Ocean to in the 1600’s?

Dutch Who took over the spice trade from the Portuguese? Dutch

Review