brd;id iv!; mfhlkp - chennaiiasacademy.com · chennai ias academy – 9043 211 311 - 411 3 jkph;ehl...

CHENNAI IAS ACADEMY – 9043 211 311 - 411

1

TNPSC Bghl;o Bjh;t[f;fhd

elg;g[ epfH;t[fs; - $`iy 2018

brd;id IV!; mfhlkp

BtY]h; kw;Wk; jpUtz;zhkiy

jkpH; bjhFg;g[

www.chennaiiasacademy.com

chennaiiasacademy

Contact : 9043 211 311 / 411

http://www.chennaiiasacademy.com/


2

elg;g[ epfH;t[fs; - $`iy 2018

CONTENT

tupir

vz;

bghUslf;fk; g.vz;

1. ;jkpHfk; 03 - 10

2. Bjrpak; 11 – 42

3. ru;tBjrk; 42 – 46

4. tpisahl;L 46 - 51

5. Kf;fpa jpdA;fs; 51 - 52

6. ;bghUshjhuk; 52 - 54

7. epakdk; 54 - 56

8. khehLfs; 56 - 58

9. mwptpay; & bjhHpy;El;gk; 59 - 60

10. ;tpUJfs; 60 - 62

11. gapw;rp tpdhf;fs; 63 - 77


3

jkpH;ehL

kfg;Bgwpd; BghJ jha;khh;fs; nwg;g[ tpfpjj;ij btFthff; Fiwj;jjw;fhf jkpHf

muRf;F tpUJ tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

gHk;bgUk; jpiug;gl gpd;dzp ghlfpa[k;, fh;ehlf nir Bkija[khd

M.L.tre;jFkhhpapd; 9tJ gpwe;j ehisf; Fwpf;Fk; tifapy; epidt[ mq;ry;jiy

nd;W btspaplg;gl;lJ.

kpd;dZ gzg;ghpkhw;wj;ij Cf;fg;gLj;Jk; tpjkhf, Md;iyd; K}yk; kpd; fl;lzk;

brYj;Jk; Efh;BthUf;F mth;fs; brYj;Jk; fl;lzj;jpy; 1% js;Sgo tHA;f

jkpH;ehL kpd;thhpak; Kot[ bra;Js;sJ.

jkpHfj;ij Brh;e;j jpUeA;if rj;jpa= rh;kpsh, ne;jpahtpByBa Kjy; jpUeA;if

tHf;Fiuquhf jkpH;ehL – g[Jr;Brhp.

nj;jhyp br!;Bghl;oapy; brd;idia Brh;e;j 12 taJ rpWtd; gpuf;qhde;jh nisa

fpuhz;l; kh!;lh; jFjpia bgw;W rhjid gilj;Js;shh;. ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; nisa

fpuhd;l; kh!;lh; jfjpa[k;, cyfpd; kpf; Fiwe;j taJ fpuhz;l; kh!;lh;fspy; 22tJ

nlKk; gpoj;J rpWtd; gpuf;qhde;jh rhjid gilj;Js;shh;. jkpH;ehL bghJ fzf;F

FG jiytuhf JiuKUfd; (vjph;f;fl;rp Jizj;jiyth;) Bjh;e;bjLf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

=bgUk;g[J]h; kJukA;fyj;jpy; mika[k; CEAT epWtd lah; cw;gj;jp Miy:-

jkpH;ehl;oy; ‗fhq;rpg[uk; khtl;lk; =bgUk;g[J]h; kJukA;fyk;‘ fpuhkj;jpy; (rpal;

epWtdk;) g[jpa cw;gj;jp Miyia bjhlA;ft[s;sJ.

=bgUk;g[J]hpy; rpal; cw;gj;jp Miyia bjhlA;Ftjw;fhd g[hpe;Jzh;t[ xg;ge;jk

jkpH;ehL muR kw;Wk; rpal; epWtdk; nilBa brd;id jiyik brayfj;jpy; $Piy

5 md;W bra;J bfhs;sg;gl;lJ.

jkpH;ehL rl;lrigapy; ―8 rl;l kBrhjhf;fs;‖ epiwBtw;wk;:-

jkpH;ehL rl;lrigapy; $Piy 5 md;W, 8 rl;l kBrhjhf;fs; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;L

epiwBtw;wg;gl;ld. mtw;wpd; tptuk;


4

1. rpt; ehlhh; gy;fiyfHfk;, rha; gy;fiyf;fHfk; vd;w bgahpy; jdpahh;

gy;fiyf;fHfk;.

2. jdpahh; rl;lf; fy;Y]hpfis epWt[jy;

3. jkpH;ehL brhj;J chpikahsh; kw;Wk; thlifjhuh;fspd; chpikfs; kw;Wk;

bghWg;g[fs; Kiwg;gLj;Jjy; rl;lj;jpy; jpUj;jk;.

4. jdpahh; gs;spfis xGA;FKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.

5. fUk;g[ bfhs;Kjy; tpiyia xGA;Fg;gLj;Jjy;

6. epyr; rPh;jpUj;j rl;lj;jpy; jpUj;jk;

7.jkpH;ehL td;dpah;Fy rj;jpahpah; bghJ mwepiyg; bghWg;ghl;rpfs; kw;Wk;

epiyf;bfhilfs; rl;lk;.

jkpH;ehl;oy; bjhHpy; - tzpf epWtdA;fspd; epy cr;rtuk;g[ - 30 Vf;fuhf cah;t[:-

bjhHpy; kw;Wk; tzpf epWtdA;fs; mDkjp bgwhky; itj;Jf;bfhs;sf; Toa

epyj;jpd; cr;rtuk;g[ 15 Vf;fhpy; nUe;J 30 Vf;fuhf cah;j;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ne;j 30

Vf;fh; cr;rtuk;g[ cah;t[ vd;gJ g[d;bra; epyA;fSf;F kl;LBk bghUe;Jk; U}.20

Bfhof;F Fiwahj KjyPL bfhz;l bjhHpy; my;yJ tzpf epWtdA;fSf;F nJ

bghUe;Jk;.

KJkiy g[ypfs; ruzhyak; - Rw;Wr;r{Hy; czh;jpwd; kz;lykhf mwptpg;g[:-

jkpH;ehl;oy; ePyfphp khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s 438 rJu fp.kP. KJkiy g[ypfs;

ruzhyaj;ij Rw;Wr;r{Hy; czh;jpwd; kz;lyhf mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2018 $Piy 6 md;W kj;jpa Rw;Wr;r{Hy;, tdj;Jiw kw;Wk; fhyepiy khw;w

mikr;rfk; ne;j Koit vLj;Js;sJ.

jkpH;ehL Byhf; Ma[f;jh kBrhjh – epiwBtw;wk;:-

jkpH;ehL rl;lrigapy;, Byhf; Ma[f;jh mikg;gjw;fhd kBrhjh rl;lrigapy; $Piy

9 md;W epiwBtwpaJ. Byhf; Ma[f;jh mjpfhu tuk;gpd;fPH; khepy Kjy; mikr;rh;,

mikr;rhfs;, rl;lkd;w cWg;gpdh;fs;, Kd;dhs; rl;lkd;w cWg;gpdh;fs;, muR

CHpah;fs;, epWtdA;fs;, rA;fA;fs; cs;spl;litfs; MFk;. 4 Mz;LfSf;Fs; ele;j

CHy; Byhf; Ma[f;jh mikg;gpy; g[fhh; mspf;fyhk;.


5

Byhf; Ma[f;jh mikg;g[:-

Byhf; Ma[f;jh mikg;gpd; jiyth; kw;Wk; cWg;gpdh;fis Bjh;e;bjLf;f Bjh;t[f;FG

mikf;fg;gLk;.

Bjh;t[f;FG jiytuhf Kjyikr;rUk;, cWg;gpdufshf rghehfah;, vjph;f;fl;rp

jiyth; nUg;ghh;fs;. Bjh;t[f;FG Bjh;e;bjLf;Fk; jiyth; kw;Wk; cWg;gpdh;fSf;F

MSeh; xg;g[jy; mspg;ghh;.

Byhf; Ma[f;jh mikg;g[f;F ePjpgjpBah, CHy; jLg;g[ bfhs;ifapy; Kd; mDgtk;

bgw;wtBuh jiytuhf epakpf;fg;gLthh;.

ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; 2013-k; Mz;L CHYf;F vjpuhd Byhf;ghy; Mz;L eilKiwf;F

te;jJ. jw;BghJ ehL KGtJk; 15 khepyA;fspy; nJtiu Byhf; Ma[f;jh rl;lk;

epiwBtw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2018 fdt[ Mrphpah; tpUJ:-

rpwe;j Kiwapy; khzth;fis gapw;Wtpj;j 140 Mrphpah;fSf;F fdt[ Mrphpah;

tpUJfis tHA;fpLk; milahskhf 5 Mrphpah;fSf;F fdt[ Mrphpah; tpUJk;, jyh

10 Mapuk; Cf;f bjhifiaa[k; Kjy;th; vlg;gho f.gHdprhkp tHA;fpdhh;.

ne;jpahtpy; nuz;lhtJ mHfpa buapy; epiyakhf ‗kJiu‘ Bjh;t[:-

ne;jpahtpd; mHfpa buapy; epiyaA;fs; vd;w jiyg;gpy; kj;jpa buapy;Bt thhpak;

Ma;t[ bra;jjpy; nuz;lhtJ mHfpa uapy; epiyakhf kJiu Bjh;t[ bra;ag;gl;L

cs;sJ.

fz;zfp Bfhapiy g[duikf;f Bfus muR Kot[:-

Bjdp khtl;lk;, jkpH;ehL – Bfush vy;iyapy; cs;s kA;fyBjtp fz;zfp Bfhapiy

U}.3 Bfho brytpy; g[duikf;f Bfus murpd; Bjtrk;Bghh;L Kot[bra;Js;sJ.

kA;fyBjtp fz;zfp Bfhapy; 1,187 Mz;Lfs; gHik tha;e;jJ. 1964 Mz;L

fz;Lgpof;fg;gl;lJ.

BrhHpA;fey;Yhpy; ―mjpetPd ghy; gjdpLk; bjhHpw;rhiy‖ – bjhlf;fk;:

fhq;rPg[uk; khtl;lk;, BrhHpA;fey;Y]h; ghy; gz;izapy; mikf;fg;gl;L cs;s

mjpetPd bjhHpy;El;g ghy; gjdpLk; bjhHpw;rhiyia Kjyikr;rh; vlg;gho

gHdprhkp $Piy 17 md;W jpwe;Jitj;jhh;.


6

ne;j mjpetPd; bjhHpy;El;g Kiwapy; gjg;gLj;jg;gl;l ghy;, rhjhuz miwbtg;g

epiyapByBa 90 ehl;fs; tiu bflhky; nUf;Fk;. ne;j ghy; igfis nUg;g[

itf;f Fsph;rhjd bgl;ofs; Bjitapy;iy.

cyfpd; 26 nlA;fspy; ―jkpH; tsh; ikA;fs;‖

g[J bly;yp bghjpif jkpH;ehL ny;yj;jpy; jkpH;ehL murpd; fiy gz;ghl;Lj; Jiw

rhh;gpy; jkpH; bkhHp, jkpH; nir, gujehl;oa tFg;g[f;fspd; bjhlf;f tpHh $Piy 18

md;W eilbgw;wJ.

BkhhPrpa!;, gp$p jPt[fs; cs;gl 26 nlA;fspy; jkpHf rhh;gpy; jkpH; tsh; ikA;fs;

mikf;fg;glt[s;sjhf jkpH; tsh;r;rpj; Jiw mikr;rh; Bf.ghz;oauh$d;

bjhtpj;jhh;.

btspehLfspy; cs;s ne;jpah;fspy; 42 rjtPjk; Bgh; jkpHh;fs;. mth;fspd;

eyDf;fhf ne;j jkpH; tsh; ikaA;fs; mikf;fg;glt[s;sd.

BSNL epWtdj;jpd; ―tpA;!; brayp mwpKfk;‖:

ne;jpahtpy; Kjy;Kiwahf mjp etPd NGN (mLj;j jiyKiw bel;bth;f;) K}yk;

nizajs bjhiyBgrp trjpia ―BSNL epWtdk;‖ mwpKfk; bra;Js;sJ.

rpk; fhh;L ny;yhky; niza Brit K}ykhf ifBgrp, jiutHp bjhiyBgrp

vz;fis bjhlh;g[bfhs;s ‗tpA;!;‘ (Wings app) vd;w braypia

mwpKifg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ. (India‟s First Internet Telephony Service, Wings app).

nd;r{ud;!; Bkhro bjhlh;ghf tprhhpf;Fk; ―Kd;dhs; ePjpgjp Bf.re;JU FG‖

xBu tpgj;Jf;fhf nHg;gPL Bfhhp K}d;W tHf;Ffs; bjhlug;gl;lJ bjhlh;ghft[k;,

nd;r{ud;!; Bkhro bjhlh;ghft[k; tprhhpf;f ―cah; ePjpkd;w Kd;dhs; ePjpgjp Bf.

re;JU‖ jiyikayp; epg[zh;FG mikj;J brd;id cah; ePjpkd;wk; cj;jutpl;Ls;sJ.

btspehl;L, cs;ehl;L Rw;Wyhg; gazpfs; tUif: jkpH;ehL Kjyplk;.

2017 Mk; Mz;oy;, cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; btspehl;L Rw;wyhg; gazpfs; tUifapy;

ne;jpahtpByBa Kjyplj;ij jkpH;ehL bgw;Ws;sJ. nij kj;jpa murpd;

Rw;Wyhj;Jiw mwptpj;Js;sJ.


7

cs;ehl;L Rw;Wyhg; gazpfs; tUif:-

cs;ehl;L Rw;Wyhg; gazpfs; tUifapy; 2013-k; Mz;L Kjy; 2017-k; Mz;L

tiu, bjhlh;e;J Ie;J Mz;Lfshf ne;jpahtpByBa Kjyplj;ij bgw;W te;Js;sJ.

btspehl;L Rw;Wyhg; gazpfs; tUif:-

btspehl;L Rw;Wyhg; gazpfs; tUifapy; 2014-k; Mz;L Kjy; 2017 – k; Mz;L

tiu, bjhlh;e;J ehd;F Mz;Lfshf jkpH;ehL, ne;jpahtpByBa Kjyplj;ij bgw;W

bte;Js;sJ.

fPHo, bfhw;if kw;Wk; Mjpr;rey;Y]hpy; mika[k; ―mfH;itg;gfA;fs;‖

jkpH;ehl;oy; mfHha;t[ eilbgw;Ws;s fPHo bfhw;if kw;Wk; Mjpr;rey;Y]hpy;

―mfH;itg;gfA;fs;‖ mikf;fg;glt[s;sd.

kJiu cyfj; jkpH;r;rA;f bgUe;jpl;l tshfj;jpy; jkpH; tsh;r;rpj;Jiw rhh;gpy;

nse;jkpHh; nyf;fpag; gl;liw bjhlf;f tpHhtpy; ($Piy 16) jkpH; tsh;r;rpj;Jiw

kw;Wk; bjhy;ypay; gz;ghl;Lj;Jiw mikr;rh; f.ghz;oau$d; ne;j jfty;fis

bjhptpj;Js;shh;.

g[ypfs; ruzhyakhf khWk; =tpy;ypg[j;J]h; - Bkfkiy tsg;gFjp:-

=tpy;ypg[j;J]h; - Bkfkiy cs;slf;fpa tdg;gFjpfis, g[ypfs; ruzhyakhf

mwptpf;f, ‗Bjrpa g[ypfs; ghJfhg;g[ Mizak;‖ Kot[ bra;Js;sJ.

jkpH;ehl;oy;, 2006 Mk; Mz;oy; 76 Mf nUe;j g[ypfspd; vz;zpf;if 2014 Mk;

Mz;oy; 229 Mf cah;e;Js;sJ.

jkpH;ehL Bghplh; Bkyhz;ik bjhiyBehf;F jpl;lk; 2018-2030 – xg;g[jy;:-

Bjrpa Bghplh; Bkyhz;ik rl;lk; - 2005-d; gphpt[ 23(3) – d; fPH;, jkpH;ehL khepy

Bghplh; Bkyhz;ik Mizaj;jhy;, jkpH;ehL Bghplh; Bkyhz;ik bjhiyBehf;F

jpl;lk; 2018-2030-f;F Kjyikr;rh; vlg;gho gHdprhkp jiyikapy; ele;j Bghplh;

Bkyhz;ik Miza Tl;lj;jpy; xg;g[jy; mspf;fg;gl;lJ.

jkpH;ehL khepy tdf; bfhs;if 2018-btspaPL:-

jkpH;ehL khepy tdf; bfhs;if – 2018, $Piy 24 md;W Kjyikr;rh; vlg;gho

gHdprhkp btspapl, tdj;Jiw mikr;rh; jpz;Lf;fy; rPdpthrd; bgw;Wf;bfhz;lhh;.


8

2030-k; Mz;Lf;Fs; 33% tdg;gug;ig mila nyf;F eph;zapf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

jkpH;ehl;oy; jw;BghJ, tdk; kw;Wk; kuA;fs; r{H;e;Js;s epyg;gug;g[ 21.76% MFk;.

jkpH;ehL – ruzhyaA;fs;, Bjrpa g{A;fhf;fs; tptuk;:-

jkpH;ehl;oy; 15 tdtpyA;Fs; ruzhyaKk;, 15 gwitfs; ruzhyaKk;, 5 Bjrpa

g{A;fhf;fSk;, g[ypfSf;fhd 4 jpl;lg;gFjpfs;, 3 epy caphpBfhs; fhg;gfAfs;,

30.92 rjtPj ghJfhg;gl;l tdg;gFjp Mfpait cs;sd.

kPd; Cl;lr;rj;J kw;Wk; czt[ bjhHpy;El;gg; fy;Y]hp – bjhlf;fk;:-

jkpH;ehL lhf;lh; b$. b$ayypjh kPd;tsg; gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd;, g[jpa fy;Y]hpahf,

2018 $Piy 24 md;W, brd;id, khjtuj;jpy; kPd; Cl;lr;rj;J kw;Wk; czt[

bjhHpy;El;gf; fy;Y]hp bjhlA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Mtoapy; jahuhd ―gPuA;fp vd;$pd;fs;‖ ehl;Lf;F mh;g;gzpg;g[:-

ne;jpa uhZtj;Jiwf;fhf ‗Bkf; nd; ne;jpah‘ jpl;lj;jpd;fPH; ―gPuA;fpfSf;fhd 2

tif vd;$pd;fs;‖ brd;id Mto vd;$pd; bjhHpw;rhiyapy; jahhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ntw;iw ghJfhg;g[j;Jiw mikr;rh; eph;kyh rPjhuhkd; uhZt Jizj;jiyth;

btg;odd;l; b$duy; Bjtuh$; md;g[tplk; vd;$pd;fis xg;gilj;jhh;.

jw;BghJ nA;F jahhpf;fg;gl;Ls;s 2 vd;$pd;fs; tptuk;:

1. 1,000 Fjpiu jpwd; cila ‗tp92v!;2‘vd;$pd;.

2. 780 Fjpiu jpwd; bfhz;l ‗t46-6‘vd;$pd ;.

jkpH;ehl;oy; ―gpuhkzh; my;yhjth; Kjy; Kiwahf mh;r;rfuhf‖ epakdk ;.

kJiu ma;ag;gd; Bfhtpypy;, gpuhkzh; my;yhj khhpr;rhkp vd;gth;, Kjy; Kiwahf,

mh;r;rfuhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

‗midj;J $hjpapdUk; mh;r;rfuhfyhk ;‘ vd, gpuhkzh; my;yhjth;fs;

mh;r;rfuhtjw;fhd gapw;rpia, 2008y; jkpHf muR elj;jpaJ. ng;gapw;rpia, 206

Bgh; epiwt[ bra;jdh;.

mh;r;rfh; gapw;rp Koj;j, khhpr;rhkp mth;fs;, kJiu jy;yhFk; ma;ag;gd; Bfhtpy;

mh;r;rfuhf, Kjy; Kiwahf jkpHf muR epakpj;Js;sJ.


9

jkpHfj;jpy; fh;g;gpzpfs; kw;wk; FHe;ijfs; gpwg;igf; fz;fhzpj;jpl ‗gpf;kp 2.0‘

vd;w bkd;bghUs; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

― cj;jkk;‖ vd;w cyfj; jkpH; jfty; bjhHpy;El;g kd;wk;, 1997-k; Mz;L Kjy;

cyfj; jkpH; niza khehl;il elj;jptUfpwJ. njd; bjhlh;r;rpahf, 17-tJ

cyfj; jkpH;; niza khehL, Bfhitapy; cs;s jkpH;ehL Btshz;ik

gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpy; $Piy 6 Kjy; 8 tiu eilbgWfpwJ. ―mwpt[rhh; jkpH;j;

BjLbghwpfs;‖ vd;w jiyg;gpy; eilbgWk; nk;khehL, kf;fs; muA;fk;, fz;fhl;rp

muA;fk;, gapyuA;fk; vd 3 gphpt[fspy; eilbgWfpwJ.

ruf;Ffs; kw;Wk; Britfs; thpapy; g[jpjhf gjpt[bra;Bthh; vz;zpf;if kw;Wk;

tUthapy; ehl;oy; 4-tJ nlj;jpy; jkpHfk; cs;sJ.

jkpHfj;jpBy Kjy;Kiwahf U}.5 Bfhoapy; ‗ghuk;ghpa kyh;fs; kfj;Jt ikak;‘

kJiuapy; 10 b#f;lh; gug;gstpy; mikfpwJ.

mfpy ne;jpa mstpy; rpwg;ghf bray;gLk; kpd;rhu thhpaA;fspd; juthpirapy; B

fpBuLld; jkpHfk; 28-tJ nlj;ijg; gpoj;Js;sJ.

cyfpd; kpf bjhd;ikahd kUj;Jtkidfspy; xd;whd brd;id vGk;g{h; muR fz;

kUj;Jtkid 200-tJ Mz;oy; mobaLj;J itj;Js;sJ.

1809-k; Mz;L yz;ldpy; JtA;fg;gl;l khh;gPy;L fz; kUj;Jtkidf;F

mLj;jg;goahf 1819-k; Mz;oy; brd;iday; Dr.uhgh;l; hpr;rh;l;rdhy;

brd;id muR fz; kUj;Jkid bjhlA;fg;gl;lJ.

brd;id kpa{rpf; mfhlkpapd; elg;ghz;Lf;fhd ‗rA;fPj fyhepjp tpUJ‘ gpugy

fh;ehlf tha;g;ghl;Lf; fiyqh; mUzh rha;uhKf;F tHA;fg;gLfpwJ. ‗rA;fPj

fyhrh;ah tpUJfs;‘, gpugy kpUjA;f fiyqh; ghyf;fhL TS kzpapd; rPluhd

jq;rht{h; R. uhkjhRf;Fk;, jpUtde;jg[uk; Rthjpj; jpUehs; nirf;fy;Y]hpapay; nir

gapd;w tha;g;ghl;Lf; fiyqh; Dr.K.Xkzf;Fl;of;Fk; tHA;fg;glt[s;sJ.

jkpH;ehl;oy; cs;s VG g[uhjd nlA;fspy; ne;jpaj; bjhy;ypay; Ma;tfkhdJ

cl;fl;likg;g[ kw;Wk; Rw;Wyht[f;f cfe;j trjpfis Bkk;gLj;jt[s;sJ.


10

mit, khky;yg[uk; flw;fiu Bfhtpy; BtY]h; Bfhl;il, jq;rht{hpy; cs;s

gpufjP!;th; Bfhtpy;, fhq;rpg[uj;jpy; cs;s iryhrehjh; Bfhtpy;, rpj;jd;dthry;

Fiff; Bfhtpy;, brq;rpf;Bfhl;il kw;Wk; bfhLk;ghY]hpy; cs;s K}th; BfhtpyhFk;.

‗Mjh;&; !khh;f;‘ vDk; ‗khjphp g[uhjd rpd;dA;fs;‘ jpl;lj;jpd; fPH;, jkpH;ehl;od;

khky;yg[uk; flw;fiu Bfhtpypy; Vw;fdBt ne;jj; jpl;lk; bray;gLj;jg;gl;L tUfpwJ.

jkpH;ehl;oy; Kjy;Kiwahf Fk;gBfhzj;jpd; g[ij rhf;fil milg;g[fis rhpbra;a

jhdpaA;fp nae;jpuk; (BuhBghl;) mwpKfk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. njid ne;jpad; Mapy;

epWtdk; 17 yl;rk; U}gha;f;F thA;fp bfhLj;Js;sJ.

rpw;gp mwf;fl;lis rhh;gpy; ftpqh; kFBlRtuDf;F 2018-k; Mz;Lf;fhd ‗rpw;gp

nyf;fpa ‗tpUJ mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rpw;gp mwf;fl;lidapd; ‗bgh.kh.Rg;gukzpak;

tpUJ‘ ‗kzy; tPL #hpfpU&;zDf;F‘ tHA;fg;glt[s;sJ.

fd;dpahFkhp khtl;lk;, ehfh;Bfhtpy; ‗Temple Jewellery‟ vd;fpw Bfhtpy;

Mguzj;Jf;F g[tprhh; FwpaPl;Lf;fhd mA;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l rhd;wpjH; fpilj;Js;sJ.

Bkl;L}h; mizapd; KGf;bfhs;ssthd 120 moia vl;oa[s;sJ. njw;F Kd; 5

Mz;LfSf;F Kd;g[ (4.8.2013) md;W KGf;bfhs;ssit vl;o epuk;gpaJ.

tz;lY]h; caphpay; g{A;fhtpy; cs;s 6 khj bgz; rpA;ff;Fl;of;F jkpHf Kjy;th;

gHdprhkp ‗b$ah‘ vd;w bgah;r{l;oa[s;shh;.

jkpH;ehL Kjy;th; gHdprhkp fhq;rpg[uk; khtl;lk;, tz;lY]hpYs;s mwpqh; mz;zh

caphpay; g{A;fhtpy;, ―jkpH;ehL khepy tdf;bfhs;if 2018‖ E]iy btspapl;lhh;.

tsA;Fiwe;j tdg;gFjpfSf;F g[j;Jhpuspj;J rPuikj;jy;, fpuhk tdf;FG mikj;jy;,

flByhu kw;Wk; rhiyBahu g{A;fhf;fs; mikj;jy; kw;Wk; tdk;, tdt[aphpd;

Bkk;ghl;Lf;fhf tdj;Jiwapd; epjpapypUe;J Mz;LBjhWk; 2.5% xJf;fPL bra;tJ

Mfpait ne;j tdf;bfhs;ifapd; rpwg;gk;rA;fshFk;.

kj;jpa kdpjts Bkk;ghl;L mikr;rfk; elj;jpa cah;fy;tp mikg;g[fspd;

bray;ghLfs; Fwpj;j 2017-2018‘f;fhd cah;fy;tpapy; brUk; khzth;fs; tpfpjj;jpy;,

jkpHfk;, 48.6 rjtPjj;Jld;, Bjrpa mstpy; 2-k; nlk; gpoj;Js;sJ.


11

ne;jpah

khepyA;fs; (k) a{dpad; gpuBjrA;fspd; vhprf;jp, g[jpa & g[Jg;gpf;fj;jf;f Mw;wy;

mikr;rfA;fspd; khehL: - #pkhr;ryg;gpuBjrk;

khepyA;fs; kw;Wk; a{dpad; gpuBjrA;fspd; vhprf;jp, g[jpa & g[Jg;gpf;fj;jf;f Mw;wy;

mikr;rfA;fspd; khehL $Piy 3 md;W #pkhr;ryg;gpuBjr khepyj;jpd; rpk;yhtpy;

eilbgw cs;sJ.

2018 ork;gh; mstpy; 100% tPLfSf;F kpd;dpizg;g[ tHA;fypd; epiy (brsghf;ah

jpl;lj;jpd; fPH;), cja; jpl;lj;jpd; bray;jpwd; kjpg;gPL, K}d;whz;Lf;fs; Kd;Tl;oBa

fl;lz Kiwf;F khw;wy; kw;Wk; 2019 Vg;uy; 1 Kjy; 24x7 midtUf;Fk; kpd;rhuk;

cs;spl;lit Fwpj;J nk;khehl;oy; tpthjpf;fg;gLk;.

khepy kw;Wk; khtl;l mstpyhd bghUshjhuj; jut[ Brfhpg;g[f;fhd bewpKiwfis

Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf kj;jpa muR utpe;jPu H Bjhyf;fpah FGit mikj;Js;sJ.

Bjrpa fzf;Ffs; my;yJ epfu cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapd; (GDP) fzf;fPl;ow;fhd

mog;gil Mz;il jpUj;jpaikg;gjw;fhd jpl;lA;fspd; gpd;dzpapy; khepyA;fs;

Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf IIM mfkjhghj;jpd; Xa;t[bgw;w Bguhrphpauhd utPe;jpu H

Bjhyf;fpa jiyikapy; 13 Bgh; bfhz;l FG xd;iw kj;jpa muR mikj;Js;sJ.

jpd;kpF Bghplh; Bkyhz;ikf;fhf gpuhe;jpa xUA;fpize;j gy; - Mgj;J Kd;

vr;rhpf;if mikg;g[ldhd (RIMES) xg;ge;jj;jpy; xorh mur ifbaGj;jpl;Ls;sJ.

bts;sk;, twl;rp, btg;gf;fhw;W, kpd;dy; kw;Wk; rhiy tpgj;Jfs; cs;spl;l midj;J

tifahd Bghplh;fSf;Fk; jpwd;kpf Bkyhz;ikf;fhf Kd;bdr;rhpf;if mikg;ig

Bkk;gLtjw;fhf I.eh mitapd; fPH; gjpt[bra;ag;gl;l cyf muRfSf;fpilBaahd

mikg;ghd gpuhe;jpa xUA;fpize;j gy; - Mgj;J Kd;bdr;rhpf;if mikg;g[ld;

(RIMES – Regional Intergrated Multi – Hazard Early Warning System) xorh muR nk;khjk; 29-

k; Bjjpad;W nize;jJ.

mz;ikapy; UNESCO – thy; cyf ghuk;ghpa jsA;fshf Kk;igapy; cs;s

tpf;Blhhpa Bfhjpf; kw;Wk; Mh;l;blfh Mfpait mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

gf;iud; ehl;oy; cs;s kdhkh; efhpy; UNESCO cyf gz;ghl;L FGtpd; 42tJ

Tl;lk; ele;jJ. ne;j Tl;lj;jpy; Kk;ig Bfhl;il gFjpapy; kiud; oiut;


12

flw;fiubahl;o mike;Js;s tpf;Blhhpad; Bfhj;jpf; kw;Wk; Mh;l; blfh fl;olj;jpw;F

UNESCO mA;fPfhuk; tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

‗gpshf;brapd;‘ bjhHpy;El;gj;jpd; K}yk; cukhdpa tHA;fiy bray;gLj;j NITI

MBahf;fhdJ GNFC cld; nize;Js;sJ.

gpshf;brapd; bjhHpy;El;gj;jpd; K}yk; cu khdpa tHA;fiy bray;gLj;j NITI

MBahf;fhdJ F$uhj; eh;kjh gs;sjhf;F cuA;fs; kw;Wk; nurhadA;fs; (GNFC)

epWtdj;Jld; nize;Js;sJ.

fhtphp ePh; Bkyhz;ik Mizaj;jpd; Kjy; Tl;lk; : - g[Jjpy;yp

jkpH;ehL, fh;ehlfh, Bfush, g[Jr;Brhp Mfpa khepyA;fSf;F nilBa fhtphp ePiu

gfph;e;Jbfhs;Sjy; kw;Wk; mjpy; cs;s rpf;fiy jph;g;gw;fhf mikf;fg;gl;Ls;s

fhtphp ePh; Bkyhz;ik Mizaj;jpd; Kjy; Tl;lk; Mizaj;jpd; jiyth; S.kr{j;

cird; jiyikapy; g[Jbly;ypapy; eilbgWfpwJ.

ne;jpahtpy; mHpe;JtUk; cth;ePh; Kjiyfspd; kpfg;bghpa trpg;gplkhf jpfGk;

BjrpaA;fh: gpjh;fdpfh Bjrpag;g{A;fh

xorh gpjh;kfdpfh Bjrpag;g{A;fh, ne;jpatpy; mHpe;JtUk; cth;ePh; Kjiyfspd;

kpfg;bghpa trpg;gplkhf cs;sJ.

2018- $dthp khjj;jpy; Bkw;bfhz;l Kjiyfs; fzf;bfLg;gpd; gpjh;fdpfhtpd;

ePh;epiyfs; 1698 cth;ePh; Kjiyfspd; thH;tplkhf cs;sJ. ehl;od; kpfg;bghpa

rJg;g[ epyf;fhLfis bfhz;Ls;s Bkw;F tA;fj;jpd; Re;jutdg; gFjpfspYk; cth;ePh;

Kjiyfs; mjpfstpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

me;jkhd; jPt[fspd; cs;s rJg;g[ epyA;fspYk; ne;j Kjiyfs; cs;sd.

„Legatrix‟ vd;w Md;iyd; rl;lg;g{h;t cld;ghl;il mwpKfg;gLj;Jk; ne;jpahtpd;

Kjy; vz;bza; bghJj;Jiw epWtdkhf mrhik Brh;e;j Numaligarh Refinery epWtdk;

khwpa[s;sJ.

mrhk; khepyj;jpy; cs;s Numaligarh Rj;jpfhpg;g[ epWtdkhdJ ‗Legatrix‘I

mwpKfg;gLj;jpajd; K}yk; Md;iyd; rl;lg{h;t nzf;f Kiwikia gpd;gw;Wk; Kjy;

vz;bza; bghJj;Jiw epWtdkhf khwpa[s;sJ. Bkff;fzpdpia mog;gilahf

bfhz;L (Cloud – based) naA;fk; „Legatrix‟ nzf;f eph;thf KiwikahdJ, gy;BtW


13

epiyfspy; fz;fhzpg;g[ fl;Lg;ghl;od; K}yk; epWtdj;jpd; rl;lk; kw;Wk; xGA;fKiw

nizf;fA;fis jpwk;go eph;tfpg;gjw;fhd jPh;thf cs;sJ. o$pl;ly; ne;jpah

jpl;lj;jpw;fhd gA;fspg;ghf NRL- d; nk;Kaw;rp ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. epWtdj;jpd;

bray;ghLfspy; mjpf btspg;gilj;jd;ikia nJ cWjpg;gLj;Jk;.

ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; jdpg;gad;kpf;f fhjp BguA;fho - $hh;fz;l;:-

fhjp kw;wk; fhjp jahhpg;g[fspd; re;ijfis kjpg;g[ah;j;Jk; tpjkhf ne;jpahtpd; Kjy;

jdpg;gad;kpf;f fhjp BguA;fhoia $hh;f;fz;l; khepy muR epWtt[s;sJ. ehl;od;

Kjy; fhjp BguA;fhoia epWt[tjw;fhf, fduf bghwpapay; fHf (HEC) tshfj;jy;

cs;s epyk; fhjp thhpaj;jpw;F bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. iftpidqh;fs; jA;fspd;

jahhpg;g[fSf;F kjpg;g{l;Ltjw;fhf bjhHpy;El;g cjtpfs; tHA;fg;gLk;.

gz;lkhw;W gA;Fr;re;ijfis cUthf;Ftjw;fhf ghk;Bg cByhf re;ija[ld; (BME)

Kk;ig gA;Fr;re;ij nize;Js;sJ.

nUk;g[ my;yhj cByhf Brh;kA;fspd; (Non – Ferrous Metals Comples) gz;lkhw;W gA;Fr;

re;ijfis cUthf;Ftjw;fhf ghk;Bg cByhf re;ija[ld; Kd;dzp ne;jpa

gA;Fr;re;ij epWtdkhd Kk;ig gA;Fr;re;ij (BSE) epWtdk; nize;Js;sJ.

ng;g[hpe;Jzh;t[ xg;ge;jj;jpd; K}yk; BSE kw;Wk; BME Mfpait mjd; gA;Fjhuh;fs;

ng;gz;lkhw;W gA;Fr;re;ij Fwpj;J ed;F g[hpe;Jbfhs;Sk; tifapy; nize;J gzp

Bkw;bfhs;thh;fs;. mYkpdpak;, jhkpuk; Jj;jehfk; epf;fy; nJBghd;w Kd;dzp

cByhfA;fis teppBahfpf;fj;jf;f jahhpg;g[fsha; khw;w BSE f;F BME cjt[k;.

ne;jpahtpd; rpwe;j gy; kUj;Jtf;fy;Y]hp – bksyhdh Mrhj; gy;kUj;Jt mwptpay;

epWtdk; (MAIDS)

bly;yp murpd; fPHpaA;Fk; bksyhdh Mrhj; gy;kUj;Jt mwptpay; epWtdk;

bjhlh;e;J 7tJ Mz;lhf ne;jpahtpd; rpwe;j gy; kUj;Jtf;fy;Y]hp juthpirapy;

Kjyplk; bgw;Ws;sJ. #d;rh; Muha;r;rp, jpU&;o cj;jprhh; Muha;r;rp Britfs; &

ePyhbrd; ne;jpah cs;spl;l jd;dpr;irahd kjpg;gPl;L epWtdA;fspd; mwpf;ifapd;

mog;gilapy; juthpir jahhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 310 fy;Y]hpfspy; MAIDS Kjyplj;ij

gpoj;Js;sJ.


14

Typj;bjhHpyhsh;fs; kw;Wk; ViHf;FLk;gA;fspd; epYitapy; cs;s kpd;rhuf;

fl;lzj;ij js;Sgo bra;a[k; jpl;lk; - ‗rk;gy;‘:-

Typj;bjhHpyhspfs; kw;Wk; ViHf;FLk;gA;fspd; epYitapy; cs;s kpd;rhuf;

fl;lzj;jpw;F tpyf;F mspf;f ‗rk;gy; - Sambal‟ vDk; jpl;lj;ij kj;jpag;gpuBjr

khepy muR mwpKfk; bra;Js;sJ. ne;j jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; 5179 Bfho U}gha;

kjpg;gpyhd kpd;rhuk; fl;lzk; js;Sgo bra;ag;gLk; ne;jf; jpl;lj;jpd; khdpa

tpiyapyhd kpd; gphptpd; fPH; gjpt[bra;Js;s mikg;g[rhuh bjhHpyhsh;fs; kw;Wk;

tWikf; Bfhl;Lf;F fPGs;s FLk;gA;fSf;F khjk; xd;Wf;F U}.200 vd;w tpiyapy;

kpd;rhuk; tHA;fg;gLk;. BkYk; kpd;dpizg;g[k; nytrkhf tHA;fg;gLk;.

thuhf;fld;fis ifahStJ kw;Wk; fldspg;g[ jpwid cUthf;Ftjw;fhf epjp

mikr;rfj;jplk; Rdpy; Bkj;jh FG jdJ mwpf;ifia rkh;gpj;Js;sJ.

Rdpy; Bkj;jh FG, ‗r&f;j; (Sashkt)‘ vd;w jpl;lj;ij Kd;itj;Js;sJ. ehl;oDila

tA;fp mikg;gpy; thuhf;fld;fis ifahs 5 cj;jpfis nf;FG ghpe;Jiuj;Js;sJ.

SME jPh;khd mZFKiw (SRA), tA;fp jiyikapyhd mZFKiw (BLRA), AMC /

AIF jiyikapyhd jPh;khd mZFKiw NCLT/IBC mZFKiw kw;Wk; brhj;J –

tzpf jsk; Mfpait ne;j 5 cj;jpfshFk;. U}.50Bfho, U}.50- - U}-500 Bfho

kw;Wk; U}.500 Bfhof;Fk; Bkyhd fld;fSf;F 5 cj;jpfs; mZFKiwia ne;j

mwpf;if ghpe;Jiuf;fpwJ. jpUg;gp brYj;jg;gLk; kw;Wk; thuhf; fld;fSf;F xU

brhj;J – tzpf jsj;ij nt;twpf;if ghpe;Jiuf;fpwJ.

19tJ IUFAST cyf czt[ mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g khehl;il elj;jt[s;s

ehL :- ne;jpah

mf;Blhgh; khjk; 23k; Bjjp Kjy; 27k; Bjjp tiu etp- Kk;igapy; 19tJ IUFOST

cyf czt[ mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g khehl;il ne;jpah elj;jt[s;sJ.IUFOST

vd;gJ rh;tBjr czt[ mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g Tl;likg;g[ MFk;. 19tJ

IUFOST cyf czt[ mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g khel;od; fUg;bghUs;: 25 million

meals a Day by 2025 with Healthy, Nutritious, Sage and Divorse Foods‟, vd;gjhFk;.


15

8-k; tFg;g[ tiua[s;s khzth;fSf;F ‗kfpH;r;rpahd ghlj;jpl;lk;‘ (Happiness

Curriculum) xd;iw bly;yp muR mwpKfk; bra;Js;sJ.

g[Jbly;ypapy; $Piy 2 md;W bly;yp murpd; ‗kfpr;rpahd ghlj;jpl;lk;‘ epfH;it

Kjy;th; mutpe;j; bf$;hpthy; bjhlA;fp itj;jhh;. tpHhtpy; g[j;j kjj; jiyth;

jyha;yhkh fye;J bfhz;lhh;. 8-k; tFg;g[tiu gapYk; khzhf;fh;fSf;F jpdKk; 45

epkplk; nt;tFg;g[ vLf;fg;gLk;. mjpy; 5 epkplk; jpahdKk; cs;sJ.

ng;ghlj;jpl;lj;jpid 40 muRg;gs;sp Mrphpah;fs; nize;J jahhpj;Js;sdh;.

kdtpHpg;g[ epiyf;fhd gapw;rp, ed;wpa[zh;t[, xGf;fk; kw;Wk; kjpg;g[ mog;gilapyhd

fijfs;, bray;Kiwfs; Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpaJ ne;j tFg;g[.

ne;jpahtpd; KjyhtJ mjpetPd kpd;dZf;fHpt[ kWRHw;rp ikak; :- bgA;fSU

kj;jpa nurhazk; kw;Wk; cuA;fs; mikr;rfj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;od; fPH; bray;gLk;

kj;jpa befpHpg; bghwpapay; & bjhHpy;El;g epWtdkhdJ (IPET) bgA;fSUtpy;

kpd;dZf; fHpt[ (e-waste) kWRHw;rp ikaj;ij mikf;ft[s;sJ. ne;jpahtpd;

xl;Lbkhj;j bkd;bghUs; Vw;Wkjpapy; K}d;wpy; xU gA;if bfhz;Ls;s ne;jpahtpd;

bjhHpy;El;g jiyefukhf mwpag;gLk; bgA;fSUtpy; Rkhh; 7,000 Jsph; epWtdA;fs;

cs;sd. ne;jpahtpd; xl;Lbkhj;j kpd;dZf; fHpt[fspy; mjpf fHpt[fis cUthf;Fk;

efuA;fspd; thpirapy; Kk;ig, bly;ypf;F mLj;jg;goahf bgA;fSU 3 tJ nlj;jpy;

cs;sJ. 2020-k; Mz;lstpy; ne;jpahtpy; cw;gj;jp bra;ag;gLk; kpd;dZf;

fHpt[fspd; mst[ 52 yl;rk; ld; mst[f;F nUf;Fk; vd fzfpf;fg;gl;ls;sJ.

Behdienkhlam vd;w g[fH;bgw;w gz;ghl;L tpHh – Bkfhyah

epfHhz;od; Behdienkhlam vd;w g[fH;bgw;w gz;ghl;L tpHhthdJ Bkfhyahtpd;

i$e;jpa kiyfs; khtl;lj;jpy; mike;Js;s B$hit vd;w rpwpa g[wefh;g;gFjpapy;,

bgUkfpH;r;rpa[lDk;, rka Mh;tj;JlDk; bfhz;lhlg;gl;lJ. nj;jpUtpHhtpd;BghJ,

‗Ij;ehh;‘ vd;w g[dpj Fsj;jpy; tz;zkakhd 12 ujA;fs; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl;ld.

‗ehh;‘ gHA;Foapdh; kj;jpapy; nJ kpft[k; gpugykhd jpUtpHhthFk; ne;jj;jpUtpHh

tpijg;g[ Koe;jt[ld; xt;Bthh; Mz;Lk; $Piy khj kj;jpapy; bfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.

fhyuh muf;fid Juj;Jtjw;fhf nj;jpUtpHh elj;jg;gLtjhft[k; mwpag;gLfpwJ.


16

nUk;g[ kdpjh; Bghl;oia epiwt[ bra;j Kjy; ne;jpa uhZt jsgjp tpf;uk; Blhf;uh:-

M!;jphpah ehl;oy; Mz;LBjhWk; “Ironman Austria‟ vDk; nUk;g[kdpjh; gl;lj;Jf;fhd

Triathlon Bghl;o eilbgWk;.

3.8 fp.kP., J]u ePr;ry;, 180 fp.kP J]uj;jpw;F irf;fps; Xl;Ljy;, 42.2 fp.kP J]u

Xl;lg;ge;jak; vd K}d;W tiffis bfhz;l ne;j Triathlon Bghl;oia bjhlh;e;J 17

kzp Beuj;Jf;Fs; Kof;Fk; Kjy; egUf;F ‗nUk;g[ kdpjh;‘ gl;lk; mspf;fg;gLk; $Piy

1 md;W M!;jphpa ehl;od; fpshbfd;gh;l; efhpy; eilbgw;w ne;j Bghl;oapy;

Bkw;Twpa midj;ija[k; 14 kzp Beuk; 21 epkplj;Jf;Fs; Koj;j tpf;uk; Blhf;uh

cyf ehLfspByBa ‗Ironman Triathlon‟ gl;lj;ij btd;w Kjy; uhZt jsgjp

Mthh;. nth; jw;BghJ kPs; FoBaw;wj;Jf;fhd jiyik naf;Feuhf cs;shh;.

ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; cyfshtpa nlk;bgauhw;wy; cr;rpkhehL:- g[Jbly;yp

brg;lk;gh; khjk; 7-8 Mfpa Bjjpfspy; ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; ‗MOVE‘ Global Mobiity

Summit ―cyfshtpa nlk;bgauhw;wy; khehl;il g[jbly;ypapy; elj;j NITI MBahf;

Vw;ghL bra;Js;sJ. brhj;J gad;ghL kw;Wk; Brit, tphpthd kpd;kakhf;fy;, khw;W

Mw;wy;, bghJ Bghf;Ftuj;J kPl;LUthf;fk;, gz;lA;fs; kw;Wk; ruf;Fg; Bghf;Ftuj;J

kw;Wk; jut[ gFg;gha;t[ kw;Wk; nlk;bgauhw;wy; Mfpait ne;j cr;rp khehl;ow;fhd

6 fUg;bghUs;fshFk;.

khepyj;Jf;bfd mjpfhug;g{h;t ghly; xd;iw bjhpt[bra;a Bfus muR uhzp $hh;$;

- I MByhfruhf bfhz;l FG xd;iw mikj;Js;sJ.

Bfus khepy muR khepyj;jpw;bfd mjpfhug;g{h;t ghly; xd;iw bjhpt[ bra;a rpwe;j

vGj;jhsh;fs; kw;Wk; bkhHp ty;Yeh;fis cs;slf;fpa ty;Yeh; FGbthd;iw

mikj;Js;sJ. fyhr;rhuj; Jiw brayh; uhzp $hh;$; ne;jf; FGtpd; MByhrfuhf

nUg;ghh;. gpugy tpkhrfh; M. yPyhtjp, ftpqh; VHr;Brhp uhkr;re;jpud;, MM. g&Ph;,

Mr.uhfth thhpahh; kw;Wk; KP.Bkhfdd; MfpBahh; FGtpd; kw;iwa

cWg;gpdh;fshth;.


17

fhjp kw;Wk; fpuhkpa bjhHpw;Jiw MizakhdJ KIMIS vd;w jdJ kpd;dZ

re;ijg;gLj;Jjy; Kiwikia g[Jbly;ypapy; bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

KIMIS – Khadi Institution Management and Information System. fhjp & fpuhkpa

bjhHpw;Jiwapd; jahhpg;g[fis tpw;ft[k;, bfhs;Kjy; bra;at[k; ehl;od; ve;j

gFjpapypUe;Jk; ne;j Kiwikia mZfyhk;.

Bjh;jy; elj;ij tpjpkPwy; Fwpj;J bghJkf;fs; g[fhh; bra;tjw;fhf (Vigil Citizen Vigil)

vd;w braypia Bjh;jy; Mizak; mwpKfk; bra;Js;sJ.

thf;fhsh;fSf;F gzk; tHA;FtJ mwpKfk; gy;BtW tifahd Bjh;jy; tpjpkPwy;fis

fhbzhsp g[ifg;glA;fs; K}yk; ne;j brayp thapyhf Bjh;jy; Mizaj;Jf;F

cldoahf bjhptpf;fyhk;. Bjh;jy; eilbgwt[s;s khepyj;jpy; Bjh;jy; elj;ij tpjp

mkypy; nUf;Fk;BghJ kl;lk; ne;jr; brayp Btiybra;a[k;.

kfhuh$h gPh; gpf;uk; khzpf;a fpB&hh; tpkhd epiyak;:-

jphpg[uh khepyj;jpy; cs;s mfh;jyh tpkhd epiyaj;jpd; bgaiu ‗kfhuh$h gPh;

gpf;uk; khdpf;a fpB&hh;‘tpkhd epiyak; vd;W bgah;khw;wk; bra;a xg;g[jy;

mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

1923 – Mk; Mz;L jphpg[uh khfhzj;jpd; kd;duhf bghWg;Bgw;wthh; kfhuh$h

gPh; gpf;uk; khdpf;a fpB&hh; Mthh;.

Rthkp kiy cByhf rpiyfSf;F – g[tprhh; FwpaPL:-

Rthkp kiy cByhf rpiyfSf;F kj;jpa murpd; g[tprhh; FwpaPL tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Rthkp kiyapy; jahh; bra;ag;gLk; cByhf rpiyfSf;F g[tprhh; FwpaPLf;fhd jdp

Kj;jpiu milahsj;jpw;Fhpa mA;fPfhuk; tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. njd; K}yk; Rthkp

kiyapy; cs;s cByhf rpiy jahhpg;ghsh;fs; kl;Lk;jhd; Rthkp kiy cByhfrpiy

vd;W jA;fsJ jahhpg;g[fspy; gad;gLj;j Koa[k;.

Bfus fy;Y]hpfspy; jpUeA;ifah;fSf;F – nlxJf;fPL:-

Bfusj;jpy; gy;fiyf;fHfA;fs;, fy;Y]hpfspy; jpUeA;ifaUf;F nlxJf;fPL

mspf;fg;gLk; vd;W ne;j khepy muR mwptpj;Js;sJ.


18

ISRO – tpd; tpz;btsp tPuh;fis jg;gpf;f itf;Fk; Brhjid – btw;wp

ne;jpa tpz;btsp Ma;t[ ikak; (ISRO) kdpjid tpz;Zf;F mDg;g[k;

bjhHpy;El;gj;jpy; jd;dpiwt[ bgWtjw;fhd Brhjidfspy; mt;tg;BghJ NLgl;L

tUfpwJ. kdpjid tpz;Zf;F mDg;g[k;BghJ uhf;bfl;oy; VBjDk; gpur;rid

Vw;gl;lhy; tpzbtsp tPuh;fis jg;gpf;f itf;Fk; Brhjid, =#hpBfhl;lhtpy; cs;s

tpz;btsp Ma;t[ ikaj;jpy; btw;wpfukhf ele;jJ. jw;BghJ u&pah, mbkhpf;fh, rPdh

Mfpa 3 ehLfs; kl;LBk tpz;btspf;F tPuh;fis mDg;gp Brhjidapy; NLgl;L

tUfpwJ.

cah; fy;tp Muha;r;rp : U}. 1 yl;rk; Bfho epjp jpul;l xg;g[jy;

cah; fy;tp epWtdA;fspy; Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; cs;fl;likg;g[ trjpfis Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F

cah; fy;tp epjp epWtdk; 2022f;Fs; U}}. 1 yl;rk; Bfho epjp jpul;o bfhs;tjw;F

bly;ypapy; gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho jiyikapy; kj;jpa mikr;ruit Tl;lk; $Pd; 3

md;W xg;g[jy; tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Me;jpuhtpy; muR jpl;lj;jpy; 3 yl;rk; tPLfs; - bgz;fspd; bgahpy; gjpt[:-

Me;jputpy; cs;s 13 khtl;lA;fspy; NTR efh;g[w tPl;likg;g[ jpl;lk;, gpujhd; ke;jphp

Mth!; Bah$dh – efh;g;g[wk; kw;Wk; gpujhd; ke;jphp Mth!; Bah$dh –

Cufg;gFjp Mfpatw;wpd; fPH; ViHfSf;F 3 yl;rk; tPLfs; fl;o midj;Jk;

bgz;fspd; bgahpy; gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

Me;jpuh – UNESCO nilBa ‗BfkPA; o$pl;ly; fw;wy; ika xg;ge;jk;‘

Me;jpu khepy muR kw;Wk; I.eh. fy;tp, mwptpay; kw;Wk; fyhr;rhu mikg;g[

(UNESW) gpujpepjfs; rkPgj;jpy; khepyj;jpy; xU BfkpA; o$pl;ly; fw;wy; ikaj;ij

epWt[tjw;fhf xg;ge;jk; ifbaGj;jplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

UNESCO :- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisaiton.

tPl;Lf;F tPL Bu&d; bghUl;fs; tHA;Fk; jpl;lk; : bly;yp muR

bghJ tpepBahfj; jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; tHA;fg;gLk; bghUl;fis, tPl;Lf;F tPL Bu&d;

bghUs;fis Beuoahf rg;is bra;a[k; g[jpa jpl;lj;ij bly;yp muR mwpKfk;

bra;Js;sJ.


19

Winning like Sourar : Think succeed like Ganguly – g[j;jfk;

mgpU}g; gl;lhr;rhh;ah vGjpa ―Winning like Sourav : Think & Succeed like Ganguly‖ vd;w

ne;jpa fphpf;bfl; mzpapd; Kd;dhs; Bfg;ld; rt[ut; fA;Fyp gw;wpa g[j;jfk;, rkPgj;jpy;

U}gh gg;spBf&d;!; K}yk; btspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ne;jpa Rw;Wyh khh;l; 2018, g[Jbly;yp

KjyhtJ ne;jpah Rw;Wyh khh;l; 2018 (India Toursm Mart) 2018 brg;lk;gh; 16 Kjy;

18 tiu g[Jbly;ypapy; ne;jpa Rw;Wyh mikr;rfj;jhy; elj;jg;gLfpwJ.

cyfpd; kpfg;bghpa bkhigy; bjhHpw;rhiy – beha;lhtpy; jpwg;g[

bjd;bfhhpahit Brh;e;j rhk;rA;f; epWtdk;, cyfpd; kpfg;bghpa bkhigy;

bjhHpw;rhiyia beha;lh efhpy; jpwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. njid gpujkh; eBue;jpBkho

kw;Wk; bjd;bfhhpa mjpgh; K}d; B$ nd; Tl;lhf jpwe;J itj;jdh;. jw;BghJ

Mz;ow;F 67 kpy;ypad; bkhigy;fs; cw;gj;jp bra;ag;gl;L tUfpwJ. Mz;ow;F 120

kpy;ypad; bkhigy;fs; cw;gj;jp bra;a nyf;F eph;zak; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

bjd;bfhhpa mjpgh; K}d B$ nd; - ne;jpah tUif:-

bjd;bfhhpa mjpgh; K}d;B$ nd;, jdJ kidtp fpk; $A; r{f;Fld; ne;jpahtpy; ehd;F

ehl;fs; muRKiw Rw;Wg; gazk; Bkw;bfhz;Ls;shh;.

Me;jpuhtpy; mz;zh Bfd;Od;fs; - bjhlf;fk;:-

Me;jpu khepyj;jpy; NTR bgahpy; gy;BtW khtl;lA;fspy; 60 mz;zh Bfd;Od;fis

Kjy;th; re;jpughg[ eha[L $Piy 11 md;W bjhlA;fp itj;jhh;. nA;F fhiy, kjpak;,

nut[ Mfpa K}d;W BtiyfspYk; rhg;ghL U}.5 kypt[ tpiyapy; tHA;fg;gLfpwJ.

cj;jpugpuBjrj;jpy; 340 fp.kP J]u g{h;thq;ry; tpiut[r;rhiy – mof;fy;

cj;jpugpuBjr khepyj;jpd; yf;Bdh – Ry;jhd;g{h; Bjrpa beLq;rhiyapy; rz;l; riu

fpuhkj;jpy; nUe;J fh$pg{h; khtl;lj;jpd; i#jhpah fpuhkk; tiu 340 fp,kP.

bjhiyt[f;F g{h;thq;ry; tiut[r;hriy mikf;fg;gLfpwJ.


20

gpuk;Bkh!; Vt[fiz Brhjid – btw;wp:

r{g;gh;rhdpf; gpuk;Bkh!; Vt[fiz xorh khepyk;, gyhBrhhpy; $Piy 16 md;W

btw;wpfukhf Brhjpf;fg;gl;lJ.

ne;jpah kw;Wk; u&;a ehLfspd;, Tl;L Kaw;rpapy; cUthf;fg;gl;l gpuk;Bkh!;

Vt[fizahdJ Rkhh; 290 fp,kP bjhiytpy; cs;s nyf;if jhf;fp mHpf;Fk; jpwd;

bfhz;lJ. jw;BghJ 400 fp,kP nUe;J 800 fp.kP tiu ePl;of;Fk; bjhHpy;El;g khw;wk;

bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

rk!;fpUj bkhHpia jha; bkhHpahf gjpt[ bra;Js;sth;fs; - 24,821

2011 ne;jpa kf;fs;bjhif fzf;bfLg;gpd; go 24,821 Bgh; rk!;fpUjj;ij jA;fs;

jha; bkhHpahf gjpt[ bra;js;sdh;.

2001 Mk; Mz;L kf;fs; bjhif fzf;bfLg;gpy; 14,135 bgh; nUe;jdh;.

murpayikg;g[, vl;lhtJ ml;ltizapy; rk!;fpUjk; xU bkhHpahf cs;sJ.

cj;jufz;l; khepyj;jpd; mjpfhug;g{h;t bkhHpahft[k; rk!;fpUjk; cs;sJ.

brd;id IIT cUthf;fpa[s;s ―kpd;dZ gFg;gha;t[ Ez;Behf;fp‖:-

cyf mstpy; Kjd;Kiwahf hpBkhl; K}yk; naf;ff;Toa kd;dZ gFg;gha;t[

Ez;Behf;fp (LEAO microscope) brdid IIT fy;tp epWtdj;jpy; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Kjd;Kiwahf cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s hpBkhl; K}yk; naA;Fk; Ez;Behf;fp,

cByhfA;fspypUe;J mZf;fisg; gphpj;bjLf;ft[k;, mz mstPLfspy; nUe;J xU

cByhfj;ij totikf;ft[k; ne;j cah; bjhHpy;El;g Ez;Behf;fp cjt[fpwJ.

ghypay; bfhLik – rpwhh; ghJfhg;g[ epue;eju rl;lk; (POCSO) – 2018 –

mikr;ruit xg;g[jy;:-

ghypay; bfhLik – rpwhh; ghJfhg;g[ epue;eju rl;lk; (POCSO) – 2018 –

mikr;ruit xg;g[jy;mspj;jij bjhlh;e;J, $dhjpgjp uhk;ehj; Bfhtpe;j; xg;g[jYld;

ne;j mtru tl;lk; 2018 Vg;uy; 22-k; Bjjp mkYf;F te;jJ.

ne;j mtru rl;lj;jpw;F gjpyhf epue;ju rl;l kBrhjht[f;F gujkh; Bkho

jiyikapyhd kj;jpa mikr;ruit $Piy 18 md;W xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

POCSO:- Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act:-


21

mrhk; khepyj;jpd; tpisahl;lj; Jiw J]uhf ―#pkh jh!;‖ – mwptpg;g[

mrhk; khepyj;jpd; tpisahl;Lj; Jiw J]juhf jlfs tPuhA;fid #pkh jh!;

epakdk; bra;ag;gl cs;sjhf mk;khepy Kjyikr;rh; rh;gde;jh BfhBdhthy;

mwptpj;Js;shh;.

rkPgj;jpy; 20 taJf;F cl;gl;BlhUf;fhd cyf rhk;gpad;&pg; ne;jpahtpd; rhh;gpy;

gA;Bfw;w nsk; tPuhA;fid #pkh jh!; rpwg;ghf tpisaho jA;fg;gjf;fk; btd;whh;.

khepyA;fsit cWg;gpdh;fs; - 22 bkhHpfspy; Bgryhk;.

ehlhSkd;w khepyA;fsit cWg;gpdh;fs; 22 bkhHpfspYk; Bgryhk; vd;W

khepyA;fsit jiyth; btA;fa;a eha[L mwptpj;Js;shh;.

njw;F Kd;dh;, 17 bkhHpfis bkhHpg; bgah;j;J Tw kl;LBk bkhHpg;bgah;g;ghsh;fs;

khepyA;fsitapy; nUe;jdh;. Mdhy; ng;bghGJ fh&;kPh;, bfhA;fzp, re;jsp, rpe;jp,

Blhf;hp Kjypa bkhHpfspYk; cWg;gpdh;fs; BgRk; tifapy; Vw;ghL bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

ne;jpa khepyA;fsit, Uthz;lh ehlhSkd;wk; - g[hpe;Jzh;t[ xg;ge;jk;

ne;jpa khepyA;fsit, Uthz;lh ehlhSkd;wj;Jld; g[hpe;Jzh;t[ xg;ge;jj;jpd; go,

nU ehLfSk; jA;fsJ mit eltof;iffs; kw;Wk; ciuahly;fs; gw;wpa

jfty;fis ghpkhwpf; bfhs;Sk;.

khepyA;fsit bjhlA;fpa 66 tUlj;jpy; nt;thW xg;ge;jk; Bkw;bfhs;tJ nJBt

Kjy;Kiw MFk;.

xorhtpy; mika[k; ―ne;jpahtp;d Kjy; gRikj; jpwd; gapw;rp ikak;‖

―ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; gRikj; jpwd; gapw;rp ikak;‖ xorh khepyj;jpd; g[tBd!;th;

mUBf guhA;fhtpy; mikat[s;sJ.

njw;fhd mof;fy;iy, $Piy 16 md;W kj;jpa jpwd; Bkk;ghL bjhHpy; KidBthh;

Bkk;ghL mikr;rh; jh;kBke;jpu gpujhd; ehl;odhh;.

2018 rpwe;j Ml;rp eph;thff;FwpaPL gl;oay; : Bfush Kjyplk;

2018-Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd rK}f bghUshjhu tsh;r;rpapd; mog;gilapy; khepy

muRfspd; bray;ghLfis (2018 best – governed states in India List), Ma;twpf;ifahf

bgA;fSiur; Brh;e;j bghJ tptfhuA;fs; ikak; vd;w mikg;g[, $Piy 22 md;W

btspapl;Ls;sJ.


22

2018 rpwe;j eph;thff; FwpaPL gl;oay; - Kjy; 05 khepyA;fs;

1. Bfush

2. jkpHehL

3. bjYA;fhdh

4. fh;elfh

5. F$uhj;

2018 Bkhrkhd eph;thff; FwpaPL khepyA;fs; gl;oay; - Kjy; 3 khepyA;fs;

1. kj;jpag; gpuBjrk;

2. $hh;f;fz;l;

3. gpfhh;

2018 rpwe;j eph;thff; FwpaPL gl;oay; (rpwpa khepyA;fs;)

2 Bfhof;F Fiwthd kf;fs;bjhifiaf; bfhz;lit rpwpa khepyA;fshf

tifgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

1. nkhryg; gpuBjrk;

2. Bfhth

3. kpB!huk;

4. rpf;fpk;

5. jphpg[uh

2018 Bkhrhkhd eph;thff; FwpaPL gl;oay; (rpwpa khepyA;fs;)

1. ehfhyhe;J

2. kzpg;g{h;

3. Bkfhyak;

Bkw;F tA;f khepyj;jpd; g[jpa – ―gA;fsh‖ – jPh;khdk; epiwBtw;wk;.

Bkw;F tA;f khepyj;jpd; bgaiu ―gA;fsh‖ vd;W khw;Wtjw;fhd jPh;khdk;. Bkw;F

tA;f khepy rl;lg; Bguitapy;, $Piy 26 md;W epiwBtw;wg;gl;lJ.

tA;fhsk;, #pe;jp, MA;fpyk; Mfpa K}d;W bkhHpfspYk;, khepyj;jpd; bgah; ―gA;fsh‖

vd;Bw nUf;Fk; vd;Wk; khepy muR bjhptpj;Js;sJ.


23

murikg;g[r; rl;lk; jpUj;j kBrhjh, ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwBtw;wg;gl;L, FoauRj;

jiythpd; xg;g[jYf;Fg; gpwF rl;lkhf mkYf;F tUk;.

2011-Mk; Mz;L Xhprh khepyj;jpd; bgah;, ―xorh‖ vd;W khw;wg;gl;lJ.

cfhz;lhtpy; ―rh;jhh; ty;ygha; gl;Bl;‖ – rpiy jpg;g[:

Rje;jpu Bghuhl;l tPuUk;, Kjy; cs;Jiw mikr;rUkhd rh;jhh; ty;ygha;

gl;BlYf;F cfhz;lh ehl;oy; fk;ghyh efhpy; khh;gst[ rpiy mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho $Piy 24 md;W rpiyia jpwe;J itj;jhh;.

ne;jpa cah; fy;tp Brh;f;if tpfpjk; (GER 2017-2018) – btspaPL:-

2017-18 elg;ghz;od; ne;jpa mstpy; cah; fy;tp Brh;f;if tpfpjk; (18 Kjy; 23

taJ tiu cila khzth;fs;) mfpy ne;jpa cah; fy;tp rh;Bt mikg;g[

btspapl;Ls;sJ.

njpy; 56.4 GER g[s;spfSld; rz;ofh; Kjyplj;jpy; cs;sJ. jkpH;ehL 46.3

g[s;spfSld; nuz;lhtJ nlj;jpy; cs;sJ. bly;yp K}d;whk; nlj;jpy cs;sJ.

fpspkhq;rhBuh rpfuj;jpy; Vwp ― rpthA;fp gjf; rhjid‖

Mg;gphpf;fhtpd; cah;e;j kiy rpfukhd (5,895 kPl;lh; cauk;) fpspkhq;rhBuh

rpfuj;jpy; Vwp, ne;jpah khztp ―rpthA;fp gjf;‖ rhjid gilj;Js;shh;.

jpg;g[ Ry;jhd; fhyj;J 1,000 uhf;bfl;Lfs;: fh;ehlfhtpy; fz;blLg;g[:

gjpbdl;lhk; E]w;whz;oy; ikr{iu Ml;rp bra;j jpg;g[ Ry;jhd; fhyj;jpy;

gad;gLj;jg;gl;l Rkhh; 1,000 uhf;bfl;Lfs;, fh;ehlf khepyk; rptBkhfh khtl;lj;jpy;

gpjhDU fpuhkj;jpy; fz;blLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

gphpl;O&; uhZtj;jij vjph;j;J Jzpt[ld; Bghh; g[hpe;j jpg;g[ Ry;jhd;, ―uhf;bfl;

gad;ghL cs;spl;l Bghh; je;jpuA;fis ne;jpahtpy; ifahz;l Kjy; Ml;rpahsh ;‖

vd;w bgUik bgw;Ws;shh;.


24

thof;ifahsh; eyed fUj;jpy;bfhz;L kj;jpa kiwKf thpfs; kw;Wk; RA;f thp

thhpakhdJ (CBIC) „GST Verify‟ braypia mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ.

(CBIC) ‗GST Verify‟ vd;w braypia mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ. i#juhghj;jpy; kj;jpa

ruf;Ffs; kw;Wk; Britfs; thp niz Mizauhf gzpahw;Wk; uF fpuz; ne;jpa

braypia cUthf;fpa[s;shh;.

nr;braypapy; GST vz;fis cs;sPL bra;jt[ld;, gjpt[ bra;j epwtdj;jpd; bgah;,

kj;jpa (m) khepy murpd; tiuaiw, gjpt[ bra;j jpdk;, tzpfj;jpd; tpguk; cl;gl

gy;BtW jfty;fs; nlk;bgWfpd;wd. gjpt[ bra;atpy;iy vdpy;, epWtdk; bra;atpy;iy

vd;w jftYk; cldoahf fpilf;fpwJ.

tpisahl;Lf;fhd totikg;g[ gy;fiyf;fHfj;ij epWt, Me;jpu khepy muRld;

xg;ge;jj;jpy; UNESCO ifbaGj;jpl;Ls;sJ.

Me;jpu khepy muRk;, I.eh fy;tp, mwptpay; kw;Wk; gz;ghl;L mikg;gpd; (UNESCO)

gpujpepfSk; rkPgj;jpy; Me;jpuhtpy; tpisahl;Lf;fhd kpd;dZ fw;wy; ikaj;ij

(Gaming Digital Learning Hub) epWt[tjw;fhd Xh; xg;ge;jj;jpy; ifbaGj;jpl;ld.

xg;ge;jj;jpd;go, UNESCO MdJ tprhfg;gl;odj;jpy; tiutpy; totikg;g[

gy;fiyfHfj;jij epWt[k;.

F$uhj; khepy muR, Cl;lr;rj;jpd;ikia xHpf;f ‗Bghrhd; mgpahd;‘ jpl;lj;ij

bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

mA;fd;tho ikaA;fspy; FHe;ijfSf;F Cl;lr;rj;Jkpf;f czt[fis tHA;Ftjd;

K}yk; mth;fspd; Cl;lr;rj;J Fiwghl;il xHpg;gjw;fhf, md;W F$uhj; khepy muR

khepye;jGtpa ‗Bghrhd; mgpahd;‘ jpl;lj;ij bjhlA;fpaJ. 14 Kjy; 18

tajpw;Fl;gl;l rpWkpfSf;fpilBa epyt[k; Cl;lr;rj;jpd;ikia xHpg;gjw;fhf ‗g{h;zh‘

vd;w jpl;lj;ija[k; mk;khepy muR bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

„Purna‟ vd;gjd; tpsf;fk; „Prevention of Under Nutrition and Reduction of Nutritional Anemia‟.

ehL jGtpa Bjrpa Cl;lr;rj;J naf;fkhdJ (Bghrhd; mgpahd;) 2018 khh;r; 8

md;W uh$!;jhdpy; $`d;$`DrpypUe;J gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkhoahy; bjhlA;fg;gl;lJ.


25

cj;jufhz;l; khepyj;jpd; cah;ePjpkd;wk; KG tpyA;Fg;Bguuira[k; khepyj;jpd;

rl;lj;jFjp ndkhf mwptpj;Js;sJ.

―caph;thGk; kdpjh;fSf;F cs;sJ Bghy; rl;lg;g{h;t chpikfs;, flikfs;,

bghWg;g[fs; vd midj;Jk; ‗gwg;gd kw;Wk; ePh;thH;td cs;spl;l KG tpyA;Fg;

BguuRf;Fk; cs;sJ‖ vd;W cj;jufhz;l; khepy cah;ePjpkd;wk; jPh;g;g[ tHA;fpa[s;sJ.

ePjpgjpfs; uh$Pt; rh;kh, Byhf; ghy; rpA; MfpBahh; ne;jj; jPh;g;ig tHA;fpa[s;sdh;.

cj;jufhz;od; xt;bthU FokfDk; tpyA;Ffis ghJfhf;f Btz;Lk;. mtw;wpd;

eyd;fhf;f Btz;Lk;. BkYk; fhy;eilfis Jd;g[Wj;Jk; tifapyhd Ma[jA;fSf;F

khepyk; KGtJk; jil tpjpf;fg;gLtjhft[k;, Fjpiu, khLfSf;F chpa trpg;gplk;

nUg;gij khehfuhl;rp , mjpfhhpfs; cWjpgLj;j Btz;Lk; vdt[k; me;jj; jPh;g;gpy;

Twg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ehl;od; epyf;fhp RuA;fg;gFjpfspy; Bkw;bfhs;sg;gLk; rl;ltpBuhj epyf;fhp RuA;fk;

eltof;iffis jLg;gjw;fhf Khan Prahari miyBgrp braypia kj;jpa epyf;fhp

mikr;rfk; mwpKfk; bra;Js;sJ.

epyf;fhp RuA;f fz;fhzpg;g[ kw;Wk; Bkyhz;ik mikg;g[ (EMSMS) kw;Wk; „Khan

Prahari‘ vd;w miyBgrp brayp Mfpatw;iw kj;jpa epyf;fhp mikr;rfk; g[J

bly;ypapy; mwpKfk; bra;jJ. rl;ltpBuhj epyf;fhp RuA;f eltof;iffspd; kPJ g[fhh;

mspj;jy; fz;fhzpj;jy; kw;Wk; bghUj;jkhd eltof;ifia vLj;jy; Mfpait

(EMSMS) mog;gil Behf;fA;fshFk;.

ne;jpa tpkhd epiyaA;fs; Mizaj;jhy; (AAI) cs;ehl;L thd; Bghf;Ftuj;J

Muha;r;rp mikg;ghdJ (CARO) mikf;fglt[s;sJ.

mjpfhpj;JtUk; thd; Bghf;Ftut[ re;jpf;Fk; rthy;fSf;F cs;ehl;oByBa jPh;t[fis

fhzt[k;, ehl;od; thd; Bghf;Ftut[ eltof;iffspd; ghJfhg;g[, jpwd; kw;Wk; bray;

jpwd; Mfpatw;iw Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ne;jpa tpkhd epiyaA;fs; MizakhdJ

(AAI) i#juhghj;jpy; cs;s ―Bgfk;Bgl;il thD]h;jp epiyaj;jpy;‖ mjpetPd

cs;ehl;L thd; Bghf;Ftuj;J Muha;r;rp mikg;ig (CARO) mikf;ft[s;sJ.

jw;BghJs;s cl;fl;likg;g[ tuk;g[fSld; thD]h;jp epiyaj;jpd; bray;jpwid

mjpfhpg;gJ, thd;btsp Bkk;ghL, tutpUf;Fk; 56 RCS tpkhd epiyaA;fSf;fhd

bryt[ Fiwe;j cl;fl;likg;g[ jPh;t[fs; kw;Wk; cs;ehl;L tpkhd epiyaA;fspy; cyA;F


26

thD]h;jp Britfis xUA;fpizj;jy; cs;spl;l 4 Kd;Dhpik gFjpfspy; CARO

Muha;r;rpg; gzpfis Bkw;bfhs;Sk;.

“Data for New India” vDk; jiyg;gpyhd rh;tBjr tl;l Bkir khehl;il elj;Jk;

efuk; : g[Jbly;yp

kj;jpa g[s;spapay; kw;Wk; jpl;l mkyhf;f mikr;rfkhdJ, “Data for New India” vDk;

jiyg;gpyhd rh;tBjr tl;l Bkir khehl;il $Piy 9-10 Mfpa Bjjpfspy; g[J

bly;ypapy; elj;jt[s;sJ. nk;khehl;il, D.V. rjhde;j bfslh bjhlA;fp itg;ghh;.

fdlh, nA;fpyhe;J kw;Wk; M!p., Bghd;w Kd;Bdwpa ehLfspy; gpd;gw;wg;gl;l rpwe;j

eilKiwfis vLj;Jf;bfhs;Sk; tifapy;, ne;jpahtpd; g[s;spapay; Kiwia

Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd g[Jikahd fUj;Jf;fisf; fz;lwptBj ne;j tl;l Bkir

khehl;od; Behf;fkhFk;. nj;jifa khehL ne;jpahtpy; Kjd; Kiwahf Vw;ghL

bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

17tJ cyf rkw;fpUj khehl;il elj;Jk; ehL : fdlh

fdlhtpd; thdTth; efhpy; 17-tJ cyf rkw;fpUj khehl;il kj;jpa kdpjts

Bkk;ghl;Lj;Jiw mikr;rh; gpufh&; $tBlfh; nd;W bjhlA;fpitj;jhh;. 5 ehl;fs;

eilbgWk; ne;j khehl;oy; 40 ehLfisr; Brh;e;j 500-f;Fk; Bkw;gl;l mwpqh;fSk;

gpujpepjpfSk; gA;Bfw;fpwhh;fs;.

cyfbfA;Fk; kf;fspilBa rkw;fpUj bkhHpia Bkk;gLj;jp, ghJfhj;J, Bgr;R

tHf;Ff;F bfhz;L tUtJ nk;khehl;od; Behf;fkhFk;. cyf rk!;fpUj khehL

cybfA;Fk; gy;BtW ehLfspy; xt;bthU 3 Mz;LfSf;Fk; xUKiw elj;jg;gLfpwJ.

K.f!;J]hpuA;fd; FGtpd; gjtpf;fhyj;ij ne;jpa muR el;oj;Js;sJ.

g[jpa fy;tpf; bfhs;ifia tiutjw;fhd K.f!;J]hpuA;fd; FGtpd; gjtpf;fhyk; tUk;

Mf!;l;31Bjjp tiu ePl;of;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. fy;tpf; bfhs;iff;F nWjp totk; bfhLf;f

fhy ePl;og;g[ Bjit vd;W mf;FG Bfl;Lf;bfhz;ljhft[k; mjw;F mikr;rh; xg;g[jy;

mspj;jhft[k; kdpj ts Bkk;ghl;L mikr;rf K}j;j mjpfhhp xUth; bjhptj;jhh;.

kj;jpa kdpj ts Bkk;ghl;L mikr;rfj;jhy; mikf;fg;gl;l Kd;dhs; mikr;ruitr;

brayhsh; TSR Rg;gpukzpad; jiyikapyhd FGtpd; mwpf;ifa[k; jw;Bghija FG

fzf;fpy; vLj;Jf;bfhs;Sk;. 1994 – 2003-f;F nilapy; ISRO –t[f;F K.


27

f!;J]hpuA;fd; jiyiktfpj;jhh;. 2000 Mz;oy; ntUf;F gj;ktpg{&d; tpUJ

mspf;fg;gl;lJ.

‗Ironman Triathlon‟ Bghl;oia epiwt[bra;Js;s tajhd ne;jpag; bgz;kdp : mq;R

Bfh!;yh

mq;R Bfh!;yh (52), ‗Ironman Triathlon‟ Bghl;oia epiwt[bra;Js;s tajhd ne;jpag;

bgz;kzp Mthh;. ‗Ironman Triathlon‟ vd;gJ xBuehspy; epiwt[bra;af;Toa kpft[k;

fodkhd tpisahl;L epfH;thFk;. g[Jbly;ypia Brh;e;j mq;R Bfh!;yh jdJ Kjy;

KGikahd‗Ironman Triathlon‟ I M!;jphpahtpd; Bfhpe;jpahtpy;, 15 k.Be, 54

epkplA;fs; kw;Wk; 54 tpdhofspy; Koj;jhh;.

nJ 3.86 fp.kP ePr;ry;, 180.25 fp.kP, irf;fps; Xl;lk;, 42.2 fp.kP bjhlBuhl;lk;

Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpaJ.

tlfpHf;F rigapd; (NEC) 67 tJ bghJf;Tl;lj;ij elj;jpa khepyk; : Bkfhyhah

kj;jpa cs;Jiw mikr;rh; uh$ehj; rpA; jiyikapyhd tlfpHf;F rigapd; (NEC)

67tJ bghJf;Tl;lk;, $Piy 9 md;W Bkfhyhah khepyk; &py;yhA;fpy; bjhlA;fpaJ.

NEC vd;gJ 8 tlfpHf;F khepyA;fspd; gpuhe;jpa jpl;lkply; mikg;g[ MFk;.

kj;jpa cs;Jiw mikr;rfj;jpd; Beuof;fl;lg;ghl;od; fPH; NEC‟I kj;jpa

mikr;ruit bfhz;Lte;j gpd;dh; eilbgWk; ne;j Kjy; 2 ehs; re;jpg;gpy;,

midj;J tlfpHf;F khepyA;fspd; MSeh;, Kjyikr;rh;fs; kw;Wk; tlfpHf;Fg;gFjp

tsh;r;rp mikr;rh; $pBje;jpu rpA; MfpBahh; gA;Bfw;wdh;.

xorh murhA;fk; khepyj;jpy; g[w;WBeha; guhkhpg;g[ trjpfis Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf

lhlh mwf;fl;lis mikg;g[ld; nize;Js;sJ.

mLj;j 5 Mz;Lfspy; khepyj;jpd; g[w;WBeha; guhkhpg;g[ trjpfis Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;F

xorh murhA;fKk; lhlh mwf;fl;lis epWtdKk; U}. 1000 Bfhoia

brytplt[s;sd. xorhtpd; tphpthd g[w;WBeha; guhkhpg;g[ jpl;lj;jpd; fPH;, g[tBd!;thpy;

Xh; mjpetPd lhlh epidt[ kUj;Jtkid epWtg;gLk;. ne;j kUj;Jkidf;fhf 25

Vf;fh; epyj;ij khepy muR nytrkhf tHA;Fk;.


28

gPfhh; khepyj;jpd; &h#hghj; - Bgh$;g{h; gFjpapy; cs;s Brhd; fhy;tha; jpl;lj;ij

epiwBtw;Wtjw;F, Mrpa tsh;r;rp tA;fp epjptHA;f xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

Mrpa tsh;r;rp tA;fpahdJ (ADB) gPfhh; khepyj;jpd; &h#hghj; - Bgh$;g{h; gFjpapy;

cs;s Brhd; fhy;tha; jpl;lj;ij epiwBtw;Wtjw;F xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ. nJ me;j

gFjpapd; tptrhaj;Jiwf;F kpf mjpfstpy; gadspf;Fk;.

nj;jpl;lj;jpd; cj;Bjr kjpg;gPlhdJ $503 kpy;ypad; lhyuhFk;. Mjpy; $352 kpy;ypad;

kjpg;gpyhd mbkhpf;f lhyh; epjpia ADB tHA;ft[s;sJ.

khepyj;jpy; thGk; a{jh;fSf;F mz;ikapy; kj rpWghd;ikapdhpd; jFepiyia

(Religious Minority Status) tHA;fpa[s;s khepy muR: F$uhj;

F$uhj; muR khepyj;jpy; thGk; a{j rK}fj;jpw;F kj rpWghd;ikapdhpd; jFepiyia

tHA;fpa[s;sJ. rK}f ePjp kw;Wk; mjpfhukspj;jy; Jiwahy; ne;j eilKiwf;F

murhiz tHA;fg;gl;lJ.

Bkw;F tA;fk; kw;Wk; kfhuh&;ou khepyA;fSf;Fg; gpwF, a{jh;fSf;F kj

rpWghd;ikapdhpd; jFepiy tHA;Fk; ne;jpahtpd; 3tJ khepykhf F$uhj; jpfH;fpwJ.

MBuhf;fpakhd FMCG czt[g;bghUl;fSf;fhf ―rhpahdij cz;ZA;fs; naf;fk;‖

vd;w ghJfhg;g[ kw;Wk; jug;gLj;jy; Mizak; (FSSAI) bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

czt[g; ghJfhg;g[ kw;Wk; jug;gLj;jy; MizakhdJ (FSSAI) MBuhf;fpak; kw;Wk;

ey; thH;it Bkk;gLj;Jtjd; K}yk; Fokf;fSf;F mjpfhukspg;gjw;fhf ‗ rhpahdij

cz;ZA;fs;‘ vd;w naf;fj;ij bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ. ek;gj;jFe;j jftiy tHA;fFtjd;

K}yk; MBuhf;fpakhd czt[ tiffis jahhpf;f cjt[k; xU jsk; nJ.

nJ MBuhf;fpakhd czt[j;Bjh;it cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ‗MBuhf;fpakhdij

cz;ZA;fs;‘ kw;Wk; czit thA;FtjpypUe;J Efh;tJ tiuapYk; cztpd;

ghJfhg;ig cWjpbra;tjw;hf ‗ghJfhg;hdij cz;ZA;fs;‘ vd;w nuz;od; fPH;

bray;gLfpwJ. cg;g[/ rh;f;fiu kw;Wk; vz;bza; Efh;t[ Mfpaw;iw 3 Mz;Lfspy;

30% mst[f;F Fiwf;f Btz;Lk; vd;gBj nj;jpl;lj;jpd; Behf;fkhFk;.


29

Lonely Plantet-d; ―2018 Mrpahtpd; rpwe;j Rw;Wyhj;jyA;fs;‖ gl;oaypy;, ehd;fhtJ

rpwe;j Rw;Wyhj;jykhf bjhpt[ bra;ag;l;l ne;jpah Rw;Wyhj;jyk; : Bkw;Fj; bjhlh;r;rp

kiyfs;:

Lonely Plantet-d; ―2018 Mrpahtpd; rpwe;j Rw;Wyhj;jyA;fs;‖ gl;oaypy;, ehd;fhtJ

rpwe;j Rw;Wyhj;jykhf Bkw;Fj;bjhlh;r;rp kiyfs; bjhpt[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. nJ

Mrpafz;lj;jpd; rpwe;j gj;J Rw;Wyhj;jyA;fspd; gl;oayhFk;. Bkw;Fj;bjhlh;r;rp

kiyfs; nkakiyia tplt[k; gHikahdjhft[k;, mjd; jdpj;jd;ik tja;e;j

jhtuA;fs; kw;Wk; tpyA;fpdA;fSf;fhf gpugykhf mwpag;gLfpwJ.

nJ btg;gkpFe;j gy;Yaph;g; bgUf;f kz;lyA;fSs; xd;whft[k;, UNESCO –tpd; cyf

fhuk;ghpa jyA;fSs; xd;whft[k; cs;sJ. 7402 g{f;Fk;, 1814 g{f;fh jhtu

ndA;fs;, 139 ghY]l;ofs;, 508 gwit ndA;fs;, 179 nUthH;tp ndA;fs;, 6000

g{r;rpfs; kw;Wk; 290 ed;dPh; kPdpdA;fs; Mfpatw;wpd; thH;tplkhf Bkw;Fj;bjhlh;r;rp

kiy cs;sJ.

ne;jg; gl;oaypy; Kjyplj;jpy; bjd;bfhhpahtpd; g[rhd; efuk;, nuz;lhtJ nlj;jpy;

c!;bgfp!;jhd;, 3tJ nlj;jpy; tpal;ehkdpd; B#h rp kpd; efuKk; nlk;

gpoj;Js;sJ.

2018 cyfshtpa fz;Lgpog;g[ ml;ltizapy; (GII) ne;jph 57tJ nlk;:

cyfshtpa fz;Lgpog;g[ ml;ltizapd; (Global Innovation Index – 2018) 11tJ gjpg;gpy;

130 ehLfspy; ne;jpah 57tJ kpf g[Jikahd ehlhf nlk;bgw;Ws;sJ. ng;gl;oaiy,

Bfhh;bdy; gy;fiyf;fHfk;, INSEAD kw;Wk; cyf mwpt[rhh; brhj;J epWtdk; (WIPO)

Mfpait nize;J jahhpj;Js;sd.

ne;j ml;ltizapy; Rtpr;rh;yhe;J Kjyplj;jpYk;, mijj; bjhlh;e;J bejh;yhe;J

RtPld;, nA;fpyhe;J, mbkhpf;fh, gpd;yhe;J, bld;khh;f;, b$h;kdp Mfpa ehLfSk;

cs;sd.

ne;jpahtpy; niza bjhiyBgrp Britia bjhlA;fpa[s;s ne;jpahtpd; kjy;

bjhiyj;bjhlh;g[ epWtdk; : BSNL

ehl;od; bghJj;Jiw bjhiybjhlh;g[ epWtdkhd BSNL, niza Britia bfhz;L

ehL KGtJk; midj;J bjhiybjhlh;g[ epWtdA;fSf;Fk; miHg;gpid

Bkw;bfhs;Sk; ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; niza bjhiyBgrp Britia (Internet Telephony

Services) jdJ „Wings‟ vd;w braypapd; thapyhf tHA;fpa[s;sJ.


30

U}.1099-I fl;lzkhf brYj;Jtjd; K}yk; ne;jpaht[f;Fs; tuk;gw;w miHg;g[fis

gadh;fs; Bkw;bfhs;syhk;.

ehl;od; bghJj;Jiw gy;fiyf;fHj;jpw;F kj;jpa muR ‗rpwg;g[ me;j!;J‘ epiyia

tHA;fpa[s;sJ.

ehl;oYs;s kpfr;rpwe;j fy;tp epWtdA;fSf;fhd juthpirg; gl;oaiy kj;jpa muR

btspapl;Ls;sJ. mjpy; bgA;fSUtpYs;s ne;jpa mwptpay; epWtdk; (IISc) Kjyplk;

bgw;Ws;sJ. 2tJ nlj;ij brd;id IIo cah;fy;tp epWtdk; bgw;Ws;sJ.

3tJ nlj;ij Kk;ig IIo, 4tJ nlj;ij bly;yp IIoa[k; gpoj;Js;sJ.

bly;yp IIo, Kk;ig IIo bgA;fSU} cs;s IISC cs;spl;l ehl;oy; cs;s 6 fy;tp

epWtdA;fSf;F kj;jpa kdpjts Bkk;ghl;L mikr;rfk; rpwg;g[ me;j!;J Institiutions of

Eminence (IOEs) tHA;fp cs;sJ.

10 Mz;Lf;Fs; cyfpd; Kjy; 500 epWtdA;fSf;Fs; ne;jpa epWtdA;fis nl;Lr;

bry;tJk;, nWjpapy; Kjy; 100 nlA;fSf;Fs; bfhz;L tUtJBk njd; Fwpf;Bfhs;

MFk;. jw;BghJ me;j!;J cah;j;jg;gl;Ls;s K}d;W muR fy;tp epWtdA;fSk;

mLj;j Ie;J Mz;LfSf;F kj;jpa murplkpUe;J U}.1000 Bfho tiuapy;

khdpakhfg; bgWk;.

ne;BjhBdrpahtpd; rghA; JiwKfj;jpw;F bry;Yk; ne;jpa flw;gilapd; Kjy;

Bghhf;fg;gy; - INS Rkpj;uh

ne;BjhBdrpahtpd; rghA; JiwKfj;jpw;F ne;jpa flw;gilf; fg;gy; INS Rkpj;uh $Piy

10 md;W brd;wile;jJ. nf;fg;giy ne;BjhBdrpa ghuk;ghpa eldf;fhuh;fs; kw;Wk;

ghukghpa thj;jpa nirf;FGtpdh; tuBtw;wdh;.

ne;BjhBdrpahtpy; cs;s ne;jpaj;J]jh; PK uhtj;, ne;BjhBdrpa btspa[wtpj;Jiw

mjpfhhpfs;, MfpBahh; ne;jg; Bghh;f;fg;giy tuBtw;wdh;.

me;jkhDf;F kpf mUfpy; cs;s rghA; JiwKifj;ij ghJfhg;g[ Kf;fpaj;Jtk;

kpFe;j tifapy; Bkk;gLj;j, gpujkh; Bkho ne;BjhBdrpahtpy; brd;w Bk khjk; gadk;

bra;jBghJ ne;BjhBdrpa mjpgUld; xg;ge;jk; bra;Jbfhs;sg;gl;lJ.


31

khepy tzpf rPh;jpUj;j kjpg;gPl;od;go, ‗bjhHpy; bjhlA;f vspjhf khepyA;fs;‘

juthpirapy; Kjyplk; gpoj;Js;s khepyk; :- Me;jpug;gpuBjrk;.

$Piy 10 md;W g[J bly;ypapy; eilbgw;w xU epfH;tpy;, bjhHpw;Jiw bfhs;if

kw;Wk; Cf;Ftpg;g[j; Jiwapd; (DIPP) brayhsh; uBk&; mgpB$f;, epfHhz;od; khepy

tzpf rPh;jpUj;j kjpg;gPl;il btspapl;lhh;.

cyf tA;fpa[k;, bjhHpy; jpl;lkply; kw;Wk; Cf;Ftpg;g[j; Jiwa[k; nize;J btspapl;l

gl;oaypy;, Me;jpug;gpuBjr kheyk; Kjyplj;jpYk;, 2tJ nlj;jpy; bjYA;fhdht[k;

3tJ nlj;jpy; #hpahdht[k; cs;sd. 4 kw;wk; 5tJ nlA;fspy; KiwBa $hh;f;fz;l;

F$uhj; Mfpa khepyA;fs; cs;sd.

cz;zj;jf;f fhl;L tif fhshdpy;, g[w;WBehiaia vjph;j;Jg; Bghuhl ty;y xU

epwkpia fz;lwpe;Js;s ne;jpag; gy;fiyf;fHfk; : Bfhth

mz;ikapy;, Bfhth gy;fiyapd; jhtutpay; Jiwapd; fhshdpay; Ma;tfkhdJ

cz;zj;jf;f fhl;L tif fhshdpypUe;J, g[w;WBehia vjph;j;Jg; Bghuhl ty;y xU

epwkpia fz;lwpe;Js;sjhf mwptpj;Js;sJ.

‗Roen alamis my;yJ Termitomuces‟ vd;w cz;zj;jf;f fhl;L tif fhshd;

tiffspy; urhad nay;gpYs;s fUg;g[ my;yJ gGg;g[ epwkpahdJ, kfj;jhd caphp

– bjhHpw;Jiw, caphpkUj;Jtk; kw;Wk; caphp bjhHpEl;gj; jpwd; bfhz;l xU g[jpa

fe;jfk; -epiw (Sulphur – rich) bkydpd; epwkpia bfhz;Ls;sJ.

nJ g[w;WBeha; kw;Wk; g[w;WBeha; fl;ofSf;F vjpuhf Bghuhl cjt[k;. ne;jf;

fhshid czthf vLj;Jf;bfhs;Sk; Bfhth kf;fs; cz;ikapByBa fe;jfk; epiwe;j

bkydpidBa cz;zfpwhh;fs;.

Bfhth gy;fiyf;fHfk; njid cyfpd; Kjy; fe;jfk; epiwe;j bkydpd; vd

mwptpj;Js;sJ. mjdikg;g[, kdpj Koapy; fhzg;gLk; fUg;g[ epwj;ij

xj;jpUf;fpwJ.mog;gilapy; bkydpd; vd;gJ DNA –t[f;F Brjk; tpistpf;Fk; kw;Wk;

Bjhy; g[w;W Behia Vw;gLj;Jk; g[w Cjh (UV) fjph;tPr;ir jLg;gjpy; cjt[k; Bjhypy;

cs;s xU ghJfhg;g[ epwkpahFk;.

khzth;fSf;F nytr kpd;dZ gapw;rpaspg;gjw;fhf ikf;Buhrhg;l; bjhHpy;El;g

epWtdj;Jldhd xg;ge;jj;jpy; uh$!;jhd; khepy muR ifbaGj;jpl;Ls;sJ.

50 muR fy;Y]hpfis Brh;e;j 9,500 khzth;fSf;F nytrkhf kpd;dZ (Digital)

gapw;rpia tHA;Ftjw;fhf, uh$!;jhd; khepy murhdJ ikf;Buhrh|gl;


32

epWtdj;Jldhd xg;ge;jj;jpy; ifbaGj;jpl;Ls;sJ. nJ 500 Mrphpah;fSf;Fk;

gapw;rpaspf;Fk;.

Kjy; Kiwahf „RIMPAC – 18‟ vDk; gd;dhl;L flw;gil gapw;rpapy; NLglt[s;s

ne;jpaf; flw;gil tpkhdk; : Bghrplhd; 8 ne;jpah (gp81)

INS uh$hsp flw;gil fg;gypypUe;J ne;jpaf; flw;filia Brh;e;j ePs;beLk; flw;gil

Buhe;J Bghh; tpkhdkhd BghapA; P – 8I (Bghrplhd; 8 ne;jpah), Kjy; Kiwahf

26tJ ‗RIMPAC – 18‟ (Rim of the Pacific) vDk; gd;dhl;L flw;gil gapw;rpapy;

fye;Jbfhs;s cs;sJ. ne;jg; gapw;rpapd;BghJ, mbkhpf;fhtpd; #tha; khepyj;jpd;

b#hdYYtpy; mike;Js;s #pf;fk; tpkhg;gilj; jsj;jpypUe;J P- 8I naf;fg;gLk;.

kpd;rhu nHg;g[fis fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ‗xU tptrhap xU kpd;khw;wp‘ jpl;lj;ij

bjhlA;ft[s;s khepy muR: kfuh&;ouh

kpd;rhu nHg;g[fis fl;lg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf tUk; Mf!;l; khjk; 15 md;W ‗XU

tptrhap xU kpd;khw;wp‘ vd;w jpl;lj;ij kfhuh&;ouh khepy muR bjhlA;ft[s;sJ.

ne;jj; jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; khepy muR, Rkhh; 2 yl;rk; tptrhapfSf;f cah;kpd;dGj;j

tpepBahfk; bra;a[k; kpd;dpizg;ig tHA;ft[s;sJ.

Mspy;yh tpkhd thfdA;fs; kw;Wk; nyFuf Fz;L Jisf;fhj thfdA;fs;

jahhpf;Fk; ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; jdpahh; Jiw jahhpg;g[ bjhHpw;rhiy : Bfhl;lh

DCM =uhk; bjhHpw;Jiw FGkj;jhy;, Mspy;yh tpkhd thfdA;fs; (UAV) kw;Wk;

nyFuf Fz;L Jisf;fhj thfdA;fs; (LBPV) jahhpf;Fk; ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; jdpahh;

Jiw jahhpg;g[ bjhHpw;rhiyahdJ Bfhl;lhtpy; cs;s =uhk; buad;!; tshfj;jpy;

mikf;fg;glt[s;sJ. ne;j UAV –fs; kw;Wk; LBPV –fs; ehl;od; ghJfhg;g[f;fhf

Jiz nuhZtg; gilfshy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

tPl;L trjp kw;Wk; efh;g;g[w tptfhuA;fs; mikr;rfk; fHpt[ePh;j; bjhl;oapy; kdpjh;fs;

nwA;Ftij Kw;whf xHpg;gjw;fhf, bjhHpDl;g rthiy bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

fHpt[ePh; mikg;g[fis Rj;jpfhpg;g[ bra;tjw;fhd jPh;t[fis milahsk; fhzt[k;

bghUj;jkhd El;gA;fis Cf;Ftpf;ft[k;, tPl;L trjp kw;Wk; efh;g;g[w tptfhuA;fs;

mikr;rfkhdJ bjhHpEl;g rthiy bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ. njd; Behf;fk;, fHpt[ePh;j;

bjhl;oapy; kdpjh;fs; nwA;Ftij Kw;whf xHpg;gjhFk;. ne;j rthyhdJ tUk;


33

mf;Blhgh; 2 md;W eilbgwt[s;s kfhj;kh fhe;jp rh;tBjr Rfhjhu khehl;od; xU

gFjpahf nUf;Fk;.

vy;iyg;g[w Rw;Wyhf;fSf;fhd ‗rPkhd; jh;&d;‘ jpl;lj;jpw;F bfhs;ifastpy; xg;g[jy;

tHA;fpa[s;s khepy muR : F$uhj;

F$uhj; muR, jdpj;Jtkhd jpl;lj;jpd; K}yk; Bjrg;gw;iw tsh;g;gjw;fhf, gd!;fe;jh

khtl;lj;jpd; r{a;fkh mUBf ehjhbgl;oYs;s T-re;jpg;gpypUe;J 0 g[s;sp tiuapYk;

TLjy; cl;gl;likg;g[ trjpfis Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ‗rPkh jh;&d;‘ jpl;lj;jpYk;

bfhs;if mstpy; xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

thfh vy;iy khjphpapy; cUthf;fg;glt[s;s ne;j jpl;lk;, xU fz;fhl;rp kz;lgKk;,

mzptFg;g[ fsKk;, 5,000 kf;fs; mkuf;Toa xU muA;fj;ija[k; bfhz;oUf;Fk;

F$uhj;jpd; flByhug;gFjp, epyg;gFjpia re;jpf;Fk; vy;iyfis kf;fs; fhzKoa[k;.

BSF tPuh;fs; vt;thW vy;iyfis ghJfhf;fpwhh;fs; vd;gijf; fhl;l ne;jj; jpl;lk;

Kay;fpwJ. nj;jpl;lk; ud; gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; cs;Sh; bghUshjhu eltof;iffisa[k;

mjDld; beUA;fpa g{ehiu kw;Wk; ehl;Lf;fGij ruzhyaA;fSf;fhd kf;fspd;

tUifiaa[k; Cf;Ftpf;Fk;.

ne;jpah, kWTl;likg;g[ kw;Wk; Bkk;ghl;Lf;fhd IBuhg;gpa tA;fpapd; (EBRD) g[jpa

cWg;gpduhf khwpa[s;sJ.

kWfl;likg;g[ kw;Wk; Bkk;ghl;Lf;fhd IBuhg;gpa tA;fpapd; (European Bank for

Reconstruction and Development – EBRD) 69tJ cWg;gpduhf ne;jpah khwpa[s;sJ. ne;j

eltof;if EBRD bray;gLk; gpuhe;jpaA;fspy; cs;s Tl;L epWtdA;fspy; ne;jpa

epWtdA;fs; KjyPL bra;a cjt[k;, nA;Bf, ne;jpah EBRD-ypUe;J xU gA;if vLj;Jf;

bfhs;Sk; Mdhy; mJ EBRD – aplkpUe;J epjpa[jtp bgWk; cWg;gpduhf nUf;fhJ.

bgh;ypd; Rth; tPH;r;rpf;Fg; gpd;dh; 1991-k Mz;oy; epWtg;gl;l ne;j EBRD, yz;ld;

jiyikahff; bfhz;L naA;Fk; xU gyjug;g[ tsh;r;rp tA;fpahFk;.

BkYk;, FICCI, ne;jpa bjhHpw;Jiw Tl;likg;g[ (CII), ACCOCHAM kw;Wk; rh;tBjr

r{hpa Tl;lzp (ISA) Bghd;w Kd;dzp ne;jpa mikg;g[fSld; EBRD beUf;fkhf

nze;J bray;gLfpwJ.


34

2019-k; Mz;L FoauR jpdf; bfhz;lhl;lj;jpy; rpwg;g[ tpUe;jpduhf gA;Bfw;gjw;fhf

mbkhpf;fh ehl;od; mjpgh; miHf;g;gl;Ls;shh;.

201-k; Mz;L FoauR jpdf; bfhz;lhl;lj;jpy; rpwg;g[ miHg;gshuhf

gA;Bfw;gjw;fhf mbkhpf;f mjpgh; blhdhy;l; ouk;gpw;F ne;jpah miHg;g[

tpLj;Js;sJ. mbkhpf;f mjpgh; ouk;g; ne;j miHg;ig ghprPypj;J tUtjhft[k;, mth;

fye;Jbfhs;tjw;fhd tha;g;g[s;sjft[k; mbkhpf;fh mwptpj;Js;sJ.

kpft[k; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;l 2+2 ciuahly;fis jpObud xj;jpitj;J ne;jpa muRf;F

xU Bghpoahf cs;sJ. nUg;gpDk;, nj;jhkjk; xg;ge;jA;fisa[k;, tUk; brg;lk;ghpy;

eilbgwt[s;s cr;rpkhehl;ila[k; ghjpf;fhJ vdt[k; mbkhpf;fh Twpa[s;sJ.

th;j;jf Bghh;, u&;ahtplkpUe;J uhZt jsthlA;fs; thA;Ftjpy; nUf;Fk; Kuz;,

NuhdplkpUe;J mbkhpf;fhtpd; vjph;g;iga[k; kPwp bjhlh;e;J vz;bza; thA;FtJ vd

nUehLfSf;Fk; nilapyhd cwtpy; mz;ikf;fhykhf Rzf;fk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ.

ne;epiyapy;, ne;jpahtpd; ne;j miHg;g[ Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;jjhf ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.

khepyj;jpd; tuyhW kw;Wk; fyhr;rhyj;ij ghJfhf;f ghuk;ghpa mikr;rfj;ij

(Heritage Cabinet) mikj;Js;s khepy muR : xorh

xorh murhdJ xorhtpd; tuyhW kw;Wk; gz;ghl;il ghJfhf;f Kjyikr;rh; etPd;

gl;ehaf; jiyikapyhd ghuk;ghpa mikr;rfj;ij mikj;Js;sJ. Xoa bkhHp,

fyhr;rhuk;, nyf;fpak; Mfpatw;iwg; ghJfhg;gjw;Fk;, gug;g[tjw;Fk; gzpahw;Wk;

epWtdA;fs; kw;Wk; Jiwfs; Mfpatw;Wf;F nilBaahd xUA;fpizg;g[fis ne;j

ghuk;ghpa mikr;rfk; ghukhpf;Fk;.

epWtdA;fs; rl;lk; 2013 -I kPdha;t[ bra;tjw;fhf, kj;jpa muR mikj;Js;s FG:

nq;brl;o =epth!; FG

epWtdA;fs; rl;lk;, 2013-d; (Corrpanies Act, 2013) jz;id tpjpKiwfis kPsha;t[

bra;tjw;fhf, nq;brl;o =epth!; (bgWepWtd tptfhuA;fs; mikr;rf brayhsh;)

jiyikapy; gj;J cWg;gpdh;fs; bfhz;l xU FGit, bgUepWtd tptfhuA;fs;

mikr;rfk; mikj;Js;sJ.

rpy Fw;wA;fis Fw;wg;gloaypypUe;J ePf;FtJ Fwpj;J Muha;tJ kw;Wk; mjw;F

gjpyhf epWtdA;fSf;Fs;BsBa mjw;fhd jz;lidia tHA;Fk; tpjpKiwfis

ghpe;Jiug;gJ mikj;Js;sJ.


35

mz;ikapy;, FoauRj;jiyth; uhkehj; Bfhtpe;j; mth;fs; uFehj; Bkhfgj;uhit

khepyA;fisit cWg;gpduhf epkpj;Js;shh;

Kd;dhs; ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdh; uhk; B&fy;, gj;jphpifahsh; uhBf&; rpd;#h,

ghuk;ghpa eldf;fiyqh; Brhdy; khd;rpA;, rpw;gf;fiyqh; uFehj; Bkhfgj;uh Mfpa

4 BgUf;F khepyA;fsit epakd ehlhkd;w cWg;gpdh; gjtpaspg;gjhf FoauRj;

jiyth; uhk;ehj; Bfhtpe;j mwptpj;Js;shh;. uFehj; Bkhfgj;uh, jdJ fw;brUf;F

rpw;gA;fSf;fhf rh;tBjr mstpy; g[fH;bgw;w rpw;gf;fiyqh; Mthh;.

‗I am not afraid of English‟ vd;w jpl;lk; bjhlA;fg;gl;Ls;s khepyk;: #hpahdh.

Muk;gg;gs;sp khzth;fs; ruskhf MA;fpyj;jpy; BgRtjw;fhf, #hpahdh khepy

muR ‗I am not afraid fo English –ehd; MA;fpyj;ijf; fz;L mq;rtpy;iy‘ vd;w

jpl;lj;ij bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

mz;ikapy;, jkpH;ehl;od; kBfe;jpufphpapy; cs;s ce;Jk tshfj;jpypUe;J (IPRC)

tpfh!; bghwpapd; cah; ce;Jk gjpg;ig ISRO btw;wpfukhf ghpBrhjpj;jJ.

ne;jpahtpd; Kida Jizf;Bfhs; Vt[fizapd; (PSLV) 2-k; epiy, g[tpapzf;f

Vt[fizapd; (GSLV) 2-k; epiy kw;Wk; 4-k; epiy GSLV Mk – III‘d; nul;il bghwp

ika jpt epiy Mfpatw;Wf;F Mw;wyspf;Fk; kpft[k; rf;jptha;e;j jput Vt[ifzg;

bghwpjhd; tpfh!; bghwpjhd; tpfh!;bghwp (Vikas ( Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai).

cyfpByBa Kjd;Kiwahf bjhiyapaf;fpahy; naf;ff;Toa kpd;dZ gFg;gha;t[

Ez;Behf;fpia (LEAP) cUthf;fpa[s;sJ. brd;id ne;jpah IIo epWtdk;.

cyfstpy; Kjd;Kiwahf bjhiyapaf;fpahy; (Remote) naf;ff;Toa kpd;dZ

gFg;gha;t[ Ez;Behf;fp (Local Elctrode Atom Probe – LEAP) brd;id IIo –apy;

cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ne;jpahtpd; 7 Kd;dzp fy;tp epWtdA;fSld; nize;J U}.40

Bfho brytpy; brd;id IIo ne;j trjpia cUthf;fpa[s;sJ.

cByhfA;fspUe;J mZf;fisg; gphpj;bjLf;ft[k;, mZ mstPLfspypUe;J Xh;

cByhfj;ij totikf;ft[k; ne;j cah; bjhHpEl;g Ez;Behf;fp cjt[fpwJ.


36

cyf RA;f mikg;gpd; Mrpa – grpgpf; Jizj;jiytuhf ne;jpah

bjhpt[bra;ag;gl;lJ.

gpury;ir jiyikaplkhff;bfhz;l xU rh;tBjr muRfspd; mikg;ghf cyf RA;f

mikg;g[ (WCO) cs;sJ. 1952-k; epWtg;gl;l nJ rh;tBjr kug[fs; kw;Wk; juA;fis

cs;slf;fpa RA;fthpfs;, th;j;jf, mwpt[rhh; brhj;Jhpikfs; ghJfhg;g[ Bghd;wtw;wpy;

gzpfis Bkw;bfhs;fpwJ. mjpy; Jizjiytuhf ne;jpah bjhpt[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

„Soft Power 30‟ ml;ltizapy; Kjyplk; gpoj;Js;s ehL : nA;fpyhe;J

ehLfspd; bkd;dhw;wy; Fwpj; tUlhe;jpu juthpirapy; nA;fpyhe;J Kjyplj;ij

gpoj;Js;sJ. 2018—f;fhd ‗bkd;dhw;y; 30‘ nl;ltizia, nA;fpyhe;ij Brh;e;j

cj;jprhh; bjhlh;ghly; MByhrid epWtdkhd Portland –k;, bjw;F fypBghh;dpah

gy;fiya[k; nize;J btspapl;Ls;sJ.

30 ehLfs; gl;oayplg;gl;Ls;s ne;j ml;ltizapy; gpuhd;!; 2tJ nlj;jpYk;,

b$h;kdp 3tJ kw;Wk; mbkhpf;fh 4tJ nlj;jpYk; cs;sd. ne;jpah ne;jg; gl;oaypy;

nlk;bgwtpy;iy.

Bjrpa khzth; giliaa[k;, ehl;L eyg;gzpj;jpl;lj;ija[k; nizg;gjw;fhf, mdpy;

!;tU}g; FGtpid kj;jpa muR mikj;Js;sJ.

Bjrpa khzth; gilia[ak;, (National Cadet Corps – NCC) ehl;L eyg;gzpj; jpl;lj;ija[k;

(National Serive Scheme – NSS) tYg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd MByhridfis tHA;f gs;spf;

fy;tpj;Jiwapd; Kd;dhs; brayh; mdpy; !;tUg; jiyikapyhd FGit mikf;f

muR Kot[ bra;Js;sJ.

ne;jpa murpay; rl;lj;jpd; gphpt[ - 80 mspj;Js;s mjpfhj;ij gad;gLj;jp Foaurj;

jiyth; uhk;ehj; Bfhtpe;j; mth;fs;, gujehl;oaf; fiyqh; Brhdhy; khd;rpA;,

vGj;jhsh; uhBf&; rpd;#h, rpw;gp uFehj; Bkhfgj;uh kw;Wk; tptrhaj;jiyth; uhk;

&f;fhy; MfpBahiu khepya;fsit cWg;gpdh;fshf epakdk; bra;Js;shh;.

rr;rpd; bjz;Ly;fh;, Bufh, mD mfh kw;;Wk; K.guhrud; MfpBahhpd;

Xa;t[fhuzkhf Vw;gl;l btw;wplA;ifs epug;g[tjw;fhf ne;jg; g[jpa epakdA;fs;

bra;ag;gl;Ls;sd. 250 cWg;gpdh;fisf; bfhz;oUf;Fk; khepyA;fsitapy;, fiy,

nyf;fpak;,mwptpay; kw;Wk; rK}fBtir rhhe;J 12 Bgiu FoauRj;jiyth; epakpf;f


37

Btz;Lk; vd;gJ murpayikg;g[r; rl;lj;jpd; 80-tJ gphptpy; Twg;gl;Ls;sJ.

epakpf;fgg;l;l cWg;gpdh;fspd; gjtpffhyk; 6 Mz;LfhykhFk;.

Fj;Jr;rz;il tPuhA;fid Bkhp Bfhk;, vGj;jhsh; !;tgd; jh!;Fg;jh, tHf;Fiuqh;

KTS Jsrp, bghUshjhu epg[zh; eBue;jpu $hjt;, gh.$ cWg;gpdh;fshd

Rg;gpukzpad; Rthkp, U}gh fA;Fyp, RBu&; Bfhgp kw;Wk; rk;gh$p rj;ugjp MfpBahh;

Vw;fdBt epakpf;fg;gl;l kw;iwa cWg;gpdh;fshth;.

kugZ khw;wg;gl; gaph;fspd; fPH; cyfpd; kpfg;bghpa ehLfspd; gl;oapy; ne;jpah 5-

tJ nlj;jpy; cs;sJ.

cyfpd; kugZ khw;wg;gl;l gaph;g;gFjpapy; 2017-k; Mz;oy;, ne;jpah Ie;jhtJ

bghpa ehlhf nUg;gJ mz;ikapy; btspahd Ma;tpy; bjhpate;jpUf;fpwJ.

‗International Service for the Acquistion of Agri –Biotech Applications – ISAAA‟ vd;w gd;dhl;L

Btshz; - cahpj; bjhHpEl;g gad;ghLfSf;fhd mikg;g[, ‗kugZ khw;wg;gl;l

gaph;fspd; tzpfkakhf;fk; 2017‘ vd;w jiyg;gpy; ne;j Ma;it Bkw;bfhz;lJ.

ne;jpahtpy; 1.14 Bfho b#f;lh; epyA;fs; kugZ khw;wg;gl;l gaph; epyg;gFjpahf

nUg;gjhf ne;j Ma;t[ bjhptpf;fpwJ. cyfstpy;, kugZ khw;wg;gl;l gaph; epyg;

gFjpapy; KjyhtJ nlj;jpy; mbkhpf;fht[k; gpBurpy;, mh;b$d;ozh, fdlh Bghd;w

ehLfs; mLj;jLj;j nlA;fspYk; nUf;fpd;wd.

Xa;t{jpajhuh;fSf;fhd ‗cA;fs; Britf;F ed;wp‘ (Aabhaar Aapki Sewa Ka) vd;w

nizajk; : rj;jP!;fh;

rj;jP!;fh; muR Xa;t{jpa jpl;lj;jpy; btspg;gilj;jd;ikia tHA;Ftjw;fhf, „Aabhar

Aapki Sewa Ka‟ (cA;fs; Britf;F ed;wp) vd;w nizajsk; kw;Wk; miyBgrp brayp

xd;iw mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ. nr;brayp kw;Wk; tiyj;jsj;jpd; K}yk;, khepyj;jpy;

jw;rkak; cs;s Xa;t{jpak; bgWk; 80, 000 BgUk;, Xa;t{jpak; kw;Wk; nizatHp

gzk; brYj;Jjy; bjhlh;ghd midj;J jfth;fisa[k; bgwtpaYk;.

7tJ Cjpaf;FGtpd; mog;gilapy; Xa;t{jpajhuh;fSf;F Cjpak; tHA;fg;gLk;

khepyj;jpy; cs;s Xa;t{jpajhuh;fSf;fhf Md;iyd; Xa;t{jpa Bkyhz;ik Kiwik

(OPMS) K}yk; ne;j Xa;t{jpa Kiw bjhlA;fg;gl;Lss;J.


38

2018 –f;fhd ‗kp!; Mrpah‘ thf (fhJ BfshBjhh;) kFlk; r{l;lg;gl;Ls;s ne;jah;?

$Piy 8-16 tiu ijthdpy; cs;s ijBgapy; ele;j fhJ BfshBjhUf;fhd ‗kp!;

nd;lh;Be&dy;‘ Bghl;oapy;, 3tJ nlk;gpoj;j k.gp khepyk; jpfk;fiu Brh;e;j

Bj&;dh b$apd; (20), 2018-f;fhd ;kp!; Mrpah‘thf (fhJ BfshBjhh;) kFlk;

r{l;lg;gl;Ls;shh;. 20 taBj Md nth;. ng;Bghl;oapy; fye;Jbfhz;l nsk;

Bghl;oahsh; Mthh;.

2009-f;Fg; gpwF bgUikkpF kp!; kw;Wk; kp!;lh; nd;lh;Be&dy; (fhJ BfshBjhh;)

Bghl;ofspy; Kjd;Kiwahf ne;jpaBghl;oahsh;fs; gl;lk; btd;Ws;sdh;. Kd;djhf

uh$!;jhd; khepyk; b$a;g;g{hpy; ele;j 2018-f;fhd ‗kp!; ne;jpah‘ (fhJ BfshBjhh;)

Bghl;oapy; Bj&;dh ‗kp!; ne;jpah‘ thf kFlk; r{l;lg;gl;lhh;.

gd;dhl;lstpy; vWk;g[j;jpd;dp flj;jy; Bkhroia Kwpagog;gjw;fhf Xh; naf;fj;ij

bjhlA;fpa[s;s khepy muR : xorh

rl;lj;jpw;Fg; g[wk;ghf cyfpy; kpf mjpfkhf tpw;gid bra;ag;gLk; ‗mUfptUk;‘

ghY]l;ofspy; xd;W vWk;g[j;jpd;dp, gd;dhl;lstpy; mit rl;lj;jpw;Fg; g[wk;ghf

flj;jg;gLtij Kwpaog;gjw;fhf, xorh fhtw;Jiw Xh; naf;fj;ij bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

gu!;gu rl;l cjtp xg;ge;jj;jpd; K}yk; (MLST), xorh fhtw;Jiw gd;dhl;lstpy;

vWk;g[j;jpd;dpfs; flj;jg;gLtij jLf;Fk;.

mit fhLfspy; Btl;il tpyA;FfsplkpUe;J jA;fis jw;fhj;Jf;bfhs;tjw;fhf ne;j

brjpy;fisfg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wd. nut[aphpahd ntw;Wf;F gw;fs; fpilahJ. BkYk;

nit bghe;Efspy; kl;Lk; thHf;Toait. vWk;g[fs; kw;Wk; fiuahd;fis kl;Lk;

nit jdJ czthf vLj;Jf;bfhs;fpwJ.

nJ jtpu, naw;ifg; ghJfhg;g[f;fhd rh;tBjr rA;fj;jpd; (International Union for

Conservation of Nature – IUCN) rptg;g[g; gl;oaypy;, rPd vWk;g[j;jpd;dp ―kpf mUfpa

ndk;‖ vdt[k;, ne;jpa vWk;g[j;jpd;dp ―mUfpa ndk;‖ vdt[k; gl;oayplg;gl;Lss;J.

bghJ tptfhuA;fs; ml;ltizapd;go, rpwe;j eph;thfk; cs;s khepyA;fspd; gl;oaypy;

Kjyplj;jpy; cs;s khepyk; : Bfush

bgA;fSUitr; Brh;e;j bghJ tptfhuA;fs; ikak; (PAC) vd;w mikg;g[, rK}fg;

bghUshjhu tsh;r;rpapd; mog;gilapy; khepy muRfspd; bray;ghlfis fle;j

2016-k; Mz;oy; nUe;J jukjpg;gPl;Lld; btspaPl;L tUfpwJ.


39

ne;j epiyapy;, 2018-k; Mz;Lf;fhd Ma;twpf;ifia mt;tikg;g[ btspapl;Ls;sJ.

mjpy;, Bfus khepyk; 3tJ Mz;lhf Kjyplk; gpoj;Js;sJ. jkpH;ehL nuz;lhtJ

nlj;ijg; gpoj;Js;sJ. bjYA;fhdh, fh;ehlfk;, F$uhj; Mfpa khepyA;fs; KiwBa

3tJ, 4tJ, 5tJ nlj;ijg; gpoj;Js;sd. kj;jpag;gpuBjrk;, $hh;f;fz;l, gPfhh;

Mfpa khepyA;fspy; murpd; eph;thf bray;ghLfs; Bkhrkhd epiyapy; cs;sd.

g[fH;bgw;w ne;jpa bghUshjhu epg[zUk;, mwpqUkhd rhKBty; ghyhy;, 1994-k;

Mz;L PAC epWtg;gl;lJ. ehl;oy; ey;yhl;rp Bjit vd;w Bfhhpf;ifia nt;tikg;g[

jpul;LfpwJ.

bry;tkfs; Brkpg;g[ jpl;lj;jpw;f;fhd Fiwe;jgl;r Mz;L KjyPl;L bjhifia 1000

U}ghapypUe;J U}.250 ne;jpa muR Fiwj;Js;sJ.

bry;tkfs; Brkpg;g[ jpl;lj;Jf;fhd (Rfd;ah rk;hpjp) Fiwe;jgl;r Mz;L KjyPl;L

bjhif 1,000 U}ghapypUe;J 250 U}ghahf Fiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. nj;jpl;lj;jpy; gyUk;

niztjw;fhf ne;j eltof;if vLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. njw;fhf, bry;kfs; Brkpg;g[

jpl;lj;jpd; fzf;F tpjpfs; 2016-d; fPH; jpUj;jk; Bkw;bfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ.

nj;jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; KjyPLfs; 14 Mz;Lfs; tiu bjhlh;e;J bra;aBtz;Lk;.

mjd;gpwJ tl;o tUtha; kl;LBk fpilf;Fk;.

kj;jpa murhy; bly;ypapy; epWtg;gl;Ls;s kpft[k; Bkk;gLj;jg;gl;l fhw;wpd; juk;

kw;Wk; thdpiy Kd;fzpg;g[ mikg;g[ :- SAFAR

bly;ypapy; cs;s rhe;jpdp brsf;fpy;, kj;jpa Rw;Wr; r{Hy; mikr;rh; Dr.#h;&; th;jd;,

SAFAR (System of Air Auality and Weather Forecasting) vd;w mjpetPd fhw;wpd; juk; kw;Wk;

thdpiy Kd;fzpg;g[ mikg;ig mwpKfg;gLj;jpitj;jhh;. njd; tifapy;

ne;jpahtpByBa Kjyhtjhd nt;tikg;ig, g[Bdtpy; cs;s ne;jpa btg;g kz;ly

thdpiy Ma;t[f;fHfk; (IITM) cUthf;fpa[s;sJ. nej mikg;g[ ne;jpa thdpiy

Ma;t[j;Jiwahy; (IMD) naf;fg;gLk;.

ne;jg; g[jpa Kiwahy; UV – FwpaPL, PM1, ghjurk; kw;Wk; fUA;fhpk; Mfpatw;iw

epfj; Beuj;jpy; fz;fhzpf;f Koa[k;. btg;gepiy,kiHg;bghHpt[, Nug;gjk;, fhw;wpd;

Btfk; kw;Wk; fhw;wpd; jpir Bghd;w midj;J thdpiy mst[Uf;fisa[k; SAFAR

fzpf;Fk;.


40

UNESCO – tpd; cyf ghuk;ghpa jsj;jpidf; bfhz;L ne;jpah hprh;t; tA;fp (RBI)

tpiutpy; g[jpa 100 U}gha; Behl;Lfis btspaplt[s;sJ.

F$uhj; ghuk;ghpa rpd;dj;Jld;, Cjh epwj;jpy; g[jpa 100 U}gha; gzj;jhis

tpiutpy; btspaplg;Bghtjhf ne;jpa hprh;t[ tA;fp mwptpj;Js;sJ. ne;jg; g[jpa 100

U}gha; gzj;jhspy; F$uhj; khepyj;jpd; ghuk;ghpa rpd;dkhd UNESCO – tpd; cyf

ghuk;ghpa js gl;oaypy; nlk;bgw;Ws;s ‗nuhzpapd; fpzW‘ glk; nlk;bgw;Ws;sJ.

g[jpa U}.100 gzj;jhs;fs; btspaplg;gl;lhYk;, Vw;bfdBt g[Hf;fj;jpy; nUf;Fk;.

gzj;jhs;fSk; bry;YgoahFk;. g[jpa 100 U}gha; gzj;jhs; 66kp.kP., X 142

kp.kP., ePs mfyk; bfhz;ljhf nUf;Fk;. g[jpa gzj;jhspy; 100 vd;gJ

Bjtehfhpapy; vGjg;gl;oUf;Fk;.

―nuhzpapd; fpzW‘ vd;gJ F$uhj; khepyj;jpd; gjhd; efuj;jpy; gha[k; ru!;tjp

Mw;wpd; fiuBahuj;jpy; mike;Js;s xU gof;fpzW MFk;. nJ ne;jpahtpYs;s

UNEXCO cyf ghuk;ghpa jsA;fspy; xd;whFk;. nJ 11-k; E]w;whz;ilr; Brh;e;j

murd; KjyhtJ gPkhtpd; epidthf nuhzp cjakjpahy; fl;lg;gl;lJ.

khepyj;jpd; gHA;Fo kf;fl;bjhifia rpwg;gpf;fk; bghUl;L khepyj;jpd; KjyhtJ

gHA;fo Vl;il btspapl;Ls;s khepy muR: xorh

khepyj;jpd; gHA;Fo kf;flbjhifia rpwg;gpf;Fk; bghUl;L tiuglA;fs; kw;Wk;

g[s;spapay; jut[fspd; bjhFg;g[fis cs;slf;fpa khepyj;jpd; KjyhtJ gHA;Fo

Vl;il (Tribal Atlas) xorh khepy Kjy;th; etPd; gl;ehaf; $Piy 23-y; btspapl;lhh;.

xorh gHA;Fo kf;fspd; guty;, gHA;Fo thHtplA;fAf;fhd Rw;Wr;r{Hy; mikg;g[,

bkhHpapay; / naA;fpay; cwt[, ghypd mikg;g[ kw;Wk; fy;tpawpt[ epiyfs; Bghd;w

mth;fspd; rK}f – gz;ghl;L gz;g[fis rpj;jhpf;Fk; 60 tiuglA;fs; kw;Wk; tpsf;fg;

glA;fs; mjpy; cs;sd.

fgPuh jpUtpHhtpd; K}d;whk; gjpg;ig elj;Jk; efuk; : thuzhrp

15-k; E]w;whz;ilr; Brh;e;j Md;kpff;ftp fgPhpd; Mw;wiy bfhz;lhLk; tpjkhf

tUk; etk;gh; 16 md;W fgPuh jpUtpHhtpd; K}d;whk; gjpg;g[ tuzhrpapy; eilbgWk;,

k#pe;jpuh FGkj;jhy; Mz;LBjhWk; elj;jg;gLk; ne;j nuz;L ehs; tpHhtpy; nir,

nyf;fpak; cs;spl;l gy;BtW epfH;r;rpfs; eilbgWk;. Jwtp fgPiu Bghw;Wk; gy

fiyqh;fs;, vGj;jsh;fs; kw;Wk; ftpfs; ne;epfH;tpy; fye;Jbfhs;thh;fs;.


41

ne;jpahtpd; Kd;dhs; gpujkh;fs; mUA;fhl;rpafk; : g[Jbly;yp

BeU epidt[ mUA;fhl;rpafk; kw;Wk; E]yf mikg;gpd; (NMML) 43tJ

Mz;Lf;Tl;lk;, mjd; jiytuhd kj;jpa cs;Jiw mikr;rh; uh$;ehj; rpA;

jiyikapy; g[J bly;ypapy; $Piy 26 md;W ele;jJ.

nf;Tl;lj;jpy;, bly;ypapYs;s BeUtpd; epidtfkhd jPd;K}h;j;jp td; tshfj;jpy;,

ne;jpahtpd; Kd;dhs; gpujkh;fs; mUA;fhl;rpafk; mikf;f Kot[ bra;ag;gl;lJ. nJ

U}.270 Bfho brytpy; BeUtpd; epidtplj;Jf;F mUfpy; mika[k;.

―rq;rhh; fpuhe;jp jpl;lk;‖ vd;w jpwd;Bgrp jpl;lk; : rj;jP!;fh;

rj;jP!;fh; khepyj;jpd; nyl;rpaj; jpl;lkhd ―rq;rhh; jpl;lk;‖ vd;w jpwd;Bgrp

jpl;lj;ij, mk;khepyj;jpd; ef;ry; ghjpf;fg;gl;l gFjpahd g!;jhhpy;, FoaRj; jiyth;

uhk;ehj; Bfhtpe;j; $Piy 27 md;W bjhlA;fpitj;jhh;.ne;jj; jpl;lj;jpd; fPH;, khepy

KGtJKs;s fpuhkg;g[w, efh;g;g[w ViHfs; kw;Wk; fy;Y]hp khzth;fs; vd 50 yl;rk;

BgUf;F jpwd;Bgrpfs; nytrkhf tHA;fg;gLk;.

khepyj;jpy; miyBgrp gad;ghl;il mjpfhpg;gij nyf;fhff; bfhz;oUf;Fk; ne;jj;

jpl;lj;jpw;F Rkhh; 1,467,90 Bfho U}gha; xJf;fPL bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ehl;od; ruhrhp

miyBgrp gad;ghL (29%) rj;jP!;fhpy; epyt[fpwJ.

2018-Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd uhkd; kfBrBr tpUJ btd;w ne;jpah;fs;: guj;tj;thdp

kw;Wk; Brhdk; thA;rA;

2018-k; Mz;Lf;fhd uhkd; kfBrBr tpUJ bgw;w mWTUs;, guj; tj;thdp kw;Wk;

Brhdk; thA;rf; vd;w nuz;L ne;jpah;fSk; mlA;Fth;. nt;tpUJ, Mrpahtpd; Behgy;

ghprhff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.

kdeyk; ghjpf;fg;gl;l Mjutw;BwhUf;fhf, kpFe;j fUiza[k;, Jzpr;ryhd mZF

Kiwa[ld; Toa mjut[k; btspg;gLj;jpajw;fhf, guj;tj;thdpf;F ne;j tpUJ

tHA;fg;gLtjhf uhkd; kfBrBr tpUJ mikg;g[ bjhptpj;Js;sJ.

nBjBghy;, $k;K fh&;kPhpYs;s bjhiyJ]u ylhf; gFjpiar; rhh;e;j nisqh;fSf;F

tha;g;g[f;fisg; bgUf;Fk; tifapy;, Kiwahd, rK}ff; Tl;L Kiwapyhd fy;tp

rPuikg;ig cUthf;fpajw;fhf, Brhdk; thA;rf; epfHhz;Lf;fhd tpUijg; bgWfpwhh;

vd;W bjhptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

BkYk;, fk;Bghoahtpd; a{f; rhA;, fpHf;F ijK}hpd; Y]h;bl!; khh;od; FU}!;,

gpypg;igd;!; ehl;od; B#hth;l;Bl, tpal;ehk; ehl;ilr;Brh;e;j B#hthA; bad; Buhk;


42

MfpBahUk; uhkd; kfBrBr tpUJf;F Bjh;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;sdh;. 1957-k; Mz;L

kjy; uhkd; kfBrBr tpUJ tHA;fg;gl;LtUfpwJ.

cyf thdpiy Ma;tikg;ghy; (WMO), Mrpa ehLfSf;F jpOh; bts;sg;bgUf;f

Kd;dwpt[g;g[fis jahhpg;gjw;fhd xUA;fpize;j ikakhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;s ehL :

ne;jpah

tpal;ehk;, nyA;if, kpahdkh; kw;Wk; jha;yhe;J cs;spl;l Mrpa ehLfSf;F, jpOh;

bts;sg;bgUf;F Kd;dwpt[g;g[fis jahhpg;gjw;fhf cyf thdpiy Ma;tfikg;ghy;

(WMO) ne;jpah Xh; xUA;fpize;j ikakhf epakdk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. mjhtJ

kj;jpa g[tp mwptpay; mikr;rfj;jpd; fPHpaA;Fk; ne;jpa thdpiy Ma;t[j;JiwahdJ

(IMD) jpOh; bts;sg;bgUf;F Fwpj;j Kd;bdr;rhpf;iffis tHA;ff;Toa tpUg;gikt[

bra;ag;l;l xU thdpiy khjphpia cUthf;f Btz;Lk;.

jpOh; bts;sg;bgUf;F tHpfhl;ly; mikg;g[ (Flash Flood Guidance System) vd;W

miHf;fg;gLk; nJ,braw;iff;Bfhs; tiu glk; kw;Wk; epy – mog;gilahd

Th;Behf;F Mfpatw;iw gad;gLj;jp, MW kzpBeuj;jpw;F Kd;Bg jpOh;

bts;sg;bgUf;f Fwpj;j mwptpg;g[fs; Bkw;bfhs;Sjiy Behf;fkhff; bfhz;Ls;sJ.

rh;tBjrk;

UNRWA mikg;g[:-

―ghy!;jPd mfjpfSf;fhd I.eh epthuzk; kw;wk; gzpfs; (UNRWA) mikg;gpw;F,

ne;jpah $5kpy;ypad;, mbkhpf;f lhyh;fs; epjpa[jtp mspg;gjhf cWjpaspj;Js;sJ.

ghy!;jPdj;jpy; n!;Buy; uhZtj;Jf;Fk; fpsh;r;rpg; gilfSf;Fk; nilBa rz;il

eilbgw;W tUfpwJ. njd; fhuzkhf Mapuf;fzf;fhBdhh; mfjpfshfp cs;sdh;.

―Ml;flj;jpy; Bkhrkhd epiyapy; cs;s ehL‖ – tlbfhhpah

mbkhpf;f btspa[wt[j; Jiw btspapl;Ls;s epfHhz;Lf;fhd Ml;flj;jy; mwpf;ifapy;

(Trafficking in persons Report) ‗ Ml;flj;jpypy; Bkhrkhd epiyapy; cs;s ehL‘ vd

―tlbfhhpah‖ Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

$g;ghd; - cyfpd; KjyhtJ midj;J kpd;dZ fiy mUA;fhl;rpafk;

jpwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.


43

$g;ghdpd; Blhf;fpBahtpYs;s MORI fl;olj;jpd; kpd;dZ fiy mUA;fhl;rpaj;jpy;

cyfpd; Kjy; kpd;dZ fiy mUA;fhl;rpafk; jpwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

nyA;if – e&;lj;jpy; naA;fp tUk; ‗ kj;jy uh$gf;r gd;dhl;L thD}h;jp

epiyak;‘.

#k;ghe;Bjhl;ilapy; cs;s e&;lj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; nyA;ifapd; kj;jpa uh$gf;r

gd;dhl;L thD]h;jp epiyaj;ij ne;jpah – nyA;if Tl;L Kaw;rpahf naf;ft[s;sd.

thD]h;jpfs; VJk; tUifg; g[hpahjf; fhuzj;jhy; ―cyfpd; fhypahd thD]h;jp

epiyak; ― vd miHf;fg;gLfpwJ.

ghfp!;jhd; rl;lkd;w Bjh;jypy; Bghl;oaplt[s;s rpWghd;ik rK}fj;ijr; Brh;e;j Kjy;

egh; - ―Rdpjh gh;khh;‖ (ne;J bgz;)

fle;j khh;r; khjk; ‗ fpU&;zFkhhp Bfhy;#p‘ vd;w bgz; ghfp!;jhdpd; Kjy; #pe;J

bgz; ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpduhf Bjh;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

ne;BjhBdrpahtpd; rgha; JiwKfj;jpw;F bry;Yk; ne;jpa flw;gilapd; Kjy;

Bghh;f;fg;gy; - ―INS Rkpj;uh‖.

Kjy; Kiwahf ‗RIMPAC – 18‘ vDk; gd;dhl;L flw;gil gapw;rpapy; NLglt[s;s

ne;jpa flw;gil tpkhdk; - ― Bghrplhd; 8 ne;jpah (gp8I) (Poseodon 8 Indian (P8I)

RIMPAC vd;gJ cyfpd; kpfg;bghpa flw;gil Bghh; fg;gy;fspd; Tl;Lg;gapw;rp

MFk;.

INS uh$hsp flw;gil fg;gypypUe;J ne;jpaf; flw;gilia Brh;e;j ePs;beLk; flw;gil

Buhe;J Bghh; tpkhdkhd ―BghapA; P-8I (Bghrplhd; 8 ne;jpah), Kjy; Kiwahf 26tJ

‗RIMPAC – 18 (Rim of the Pacific) vDk; gd;dhl;L flw;gil gapw;rpapy; fye;Jbfhs;s

cs;sJ. ne;j gapw;rpapd;BghJ, mbkhpf;fhtpd; #tha; khepyj;jpd; b#hdYYtpy;

mike;Js;s #pf;fk; tpkhdg;gilj; jsjpypUe;J P – 8I naf;fg;gLk;.

Ma[j Bkhjypd;BghJ FHe;ijfis ghJfhf;f 2427 jPh;khdj;ij I.eh rigapd;

ghJfhg;g[ mit (UNSC) epiwBtw;wpa[s;sJ.

ne;j jPh;khdk; 2427, Bkhjypd;BghJ FHe;ijfspd; ghJfhg;g[, chpikfs; kw;Wk;

eythH;t[ Mfpatw;Wf;fhd rl;l fl;likg;ig tHA;Ftij Behf;fkhff; bfhz;lJ.


44

ne;jpah, kWfl;likg;g[ kw;Wk; Bkk;ghl;Lf;fhd IBuhg;gpa tA;fpapd; (EBRD) g[jpa

cWg;gpduhf khwpa[s;sJ.

kWfl;likg;g[ kw;Wk; Bkk;ghl;Lf;fhd IBuhg;gpa tA;fpapd; (European Bank for

Reconstruction and Development – EBRD) 69tJ cWg;gpduhf ne;jpah khwpa[s;sJ. ne;j

eltof;if EBRD bray;gLk; gpuhe;jpaA;fspy; cs;s Tl;L epWtdA;fspy; ne;jpa

epWtdA;fs; KjyPL bra;a cjt[k;. nA;Bf ne;jpah EBRD – ypUe;J xU gA;if

vLj;Jf; bfhs;Sk; Mdhy; mJ EBRD ypUe;J epjpa[jtp bgWk; cWg;gpduhf nuhJ.

bjw;F r{lhdpy; Ma[jj;jil tpjpf;f, jPh;khdk 2428 – I I,eh. epiwBtw;wpa[s;sJ.

ne;j eltof;if me;ehl;od; Ma[jBke;jpa FGf;fSf;F Ma[jA;fs; tpepBahfk;

bra;tijj; jLf;Fk;.

ghJfhg;ghd xGA;fhd kw;Wk; tHikahd Fobgah;jYf;fhd cyfshtpa

xg;ge;jj;ij‖ If;fpa ehLfs; Vw;Wf;bfhz;Ls;sJ.

Kjd; Kiwahf If;fpa ehLfspd; cWg;g[ehLfs; midj;Jk; ―ghJfhg;ghd,

xGA;fhd kw;Wk; tHikahd Fobgah;jYf;fhd cyfshtpa xg;ge;jj;jpw;F –Migration

Global Compact for sage, Orderly and Regular” xg;g[f; bfhz;Ls;sd.

cyfpd; kpfg;bghpa EiHthiz (visa) ikak; - ―lhf;fh‖

tA;fBjr jiyefh; lhf;fhtpd; IKdh gpa{r;rh; ghh;f; gFjpapy; g[jpjhf fl;lg;gl;Ls;s

cyfpByBa kpfg;bghpa ne;jpa EiHthiz (visa) tpz;zg;g ikaj;ij kj;jpa

cs;Jiw mikr;rh; uh$;ehj; rpA; jpwe;J itj;Js;shh;. gug;gst[ - 18, 500 rJu

mo.

mbkhpf;fh btspBawpa gpd; I.eh kdpj chpikfs; Mizaj;jpy; fhypahf nUe;j

flj;ij ―I!;yhe;J‖ epug;gpa[s;sJ.

I.eh kdpj chpikfs; Mizaj;jpd; bkhj;j cWg;gpdh;fs – 47 ehLfs;

cyf RA;fcmikg;gpd; Mrpa – gRgpf; Jizj;jiytuhf ne;jpah

bjhpt[bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

cyf RA;f mikg;gpd; jiyikafk; - ―gpury;!;‖

cyf RA;f mikg;g[ (WCO) 1952-k; Mz;L epWtg;gl;lJ.


45

‗Soft Power 30‟ ml;ltizapy; Kjyplk; - nA;fpyhe;J

bkd;dhw;wy; 30‖ ml;ltizapy;

Kjyplk; - nA;fpyhe;J

nuz;lhkplk; - gpuhd;!;

K}d;whkplk; - b$h;kdp

ehd;fhkplk;; - mbkhpf;fh

Mrpa tsh;r;rp tA;fpapd; (ADB) Mz;ika ―Mrpa tsh;r;rpf; fz;Bahl;lk;‖ vd;w

mwpf;ifapd; go, ne;jpahtpd; bkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapd; (ADP) tsh;r;rp 2019-20

epjpahz;oy; 7.6% Mf nUf;Fk;.

2018 -19 epjpahz;oy; - 7.3% ne;jpah bghUshjhu tsh;r;rp

2019 -2020 epjpahz;oy; ne;jpa bghUshjhu tsh;r;rp – 7.6%

Nuhz;Lf;F xUKiw eilbgWk; „Pitch Black – 2018‘vd;w gd;dhl;L Bghh; Kiw

gapw;rpia ―m!;jpBuypah‖ elj;jt[s;sJ.

Kjd; Kiwahf, ne;jpa tpkhdg;gil jdJ Bghh; tpkhdj;Jld; fye;J bfhs;fpwJ.

145 thd; gil tPuh;fs; fye;Jf; bfhs;fpd;whh;fs;.

ne;jg; gphptpd; jiyik bghWg;ghsuhf ―CUV uht;‖ nUg;ghh;.

a{jh;fSf;F kl;LBk Raeph;za chpik nUg;gjhf mwptpj;J rl;lk; naw;wpa[s;s ehL

– n!;Buy;:-

ne;j rl;lk; naw;wg;gl;ljd; K}yk;, mBugpah;fis n!;Buy; nuz;lhk; ju

Fokf;fshf Mf;fpa[s;sJ vd;W mth;fs; tpkh;rpj;jdh;.

rh;tBjr r{hpa rf;jp Tl;lzpapd; (ISA) TSl;likg;g[ xg;ge;jj;jpy; ifbaGj;jpLk;

68-tJ ehlhf ―kpahd ;kh;‖ cs;sJ.

ISA –d; jiyikafk; - ne;jpah (#hpahdhtpy; cs;s Fthy; g#hhp fpuhkj;jpy;

cs;sJ.

ISA – International Solar Alliance.


46

UNESCO – tpd; cyf ghuk;ghpa gl;oaypy; nlk;bgw;w bgUe;jLg;g[g; gtsj;jpl;il

(The Great Barrier Reef) fhg;ghw;Wtjw;fhd fUj;jhf;fA;fis Muha[k; jpl;lA;fis

mwptpj;Js;s ehL – ― M!;jpBuypah‖

fhyepiy khw;wk; fhuzkhft[k;, fly; btg;gepiy caUk; fhuzkhftpk; $g;ghd;

my;yJ nj;jhyp ehl;od; msitg; BghypUf;Fk; ng;gtsj;jpl;L, fle;j Nuhz;Lfspy;

rpwpJ rpwpjhf kiwe;J tUfpwJ.

mz;ikapy; rPdhtpd; epjpikakhd &hA;fhia jhf;fp Bghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; fg;gy;

Britia ―Mk;gps; r{whtsp ghjpj;jJ.

ne;j r{whtspapdhy; Vw;gl;l bgUkiHapd; fhuzkhf thd; Bghf;Ftuj;J

BritfSk; JiwKfk; Bghf;Ftuj;Jk; ghjpf;fg;gl;ld.

tpisahl;Lfs;

2018-d; ICC bgz;fs; cyf T20 fphpf;bfl; Bghl;o:-

ne;jg; Bghl;oia ―Bkw;fpe;jpa jPt[fs;‖, nt;thz;L etk;gh; 9 Kjy; 24, 2018‖ tiu

elj;JfpwJ.

Kjy;epiy Ml;lA;fs; eilbgWk; nlk;

1. Bjrpa tpisahl;L muA;fk; brapd;l; Y]rpah (fahdh)

2. Blud; rhkp tpisahl;L muA;fk;

3. mz;oFth (tptad; hpr;rh;;l;!; tpisahl;L muA;fk;)

miu nWjp Ml;lA;fs; kw;Wk; nWjp Ml;lk; eilbgWk; nlk; - ghh;glh

2018 kh!;lh;!; fgo:-

eilbgw;w nlk; - Jgha;

gA;Bfw;w ehLfs; - 6

rhk;gpad; gl;lk; - ne;jpah

Bjhy;tp – Nuhd;

ne;jpa mzpapd; Bfg;ld; - m$a; jhf;Th;

2018 rhk;gpad; Bfhg;ig - #hf;fp → M!;jpBuypah mzp rhk;gpad;

bejh;yhe;J ehl;oy; cs;s ―Breda (gphplh)‖ efhpy; ng;Bghl;o eilbgw;wJ.

―bgdhy;o &Pl; mt[l‖; Kiwapy; ne;jpa mzpia M!;jpBuypa mzp Bjhw;foj;jJ.


47

nJtiu rhk;gpad;!; Bfhg;ig bjhlhpy; M!;jpBuypah 15 Kiw Bfhg;ig btd;W

rhjpj;Js;sJ.

epfHz;oy; ele;J Koe;j ne;j #hf;fp Bghl;oahdJ #hf;fp rhk;gpad;!; Bfhg;igapd;

―37tJ kw;Wk; filrp kjpg;g[ MFk;.

2019-k; Mz;oy; nJ ― #hf;fp g[Buh yPf;‖ (HPL) vd;w bgahpy; elj;jg;gLk;

M!;jpBuypah – jA;fg;gjf;fk;

ne;jpah - bts;spg;gjf;fk;

bejh;yhe;J – btz;fyg; gjf;fk;

Sport India (ne;jpa tpisahl;L):-

bjhlA;fg;gl;l 34 tUlj;jpw;Fg; gpwF ne;jpa tpisahl;L Mizak; (Sports Authority of

India) vd;w bgaiu ne;jpa tpisahl;L (Sport Inida) vd;W khw;wk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

Mizak; (Authority) vd;w thh;j;ij ePf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

kByrpah – Xgd; ghl;kpz;ld; (g{g;ge;jhl;lk;) Bghl;o:-

Mlth; Xw;iwah; gphpt[:-

btw;wp – yP BrhA; Bta; - kByrpah (12tJ Kiw gl;lk;)

Bjhy;tp – bfz;Blh bkhbkhlh - $g;ghd;

kfsph; xw;iwah; gphpt[:-

btw;wp – jha; r{ apA; - ijthd;

Bjhy;tp – #P gpq;rpah – rPdh

500 rh;tBjr Bghl;ofspy; tpisaho rhjidg; gilj;Js;sth; - kBfe;jpu rpA; Bjhdp

nJtiu Bjhdp, bjhlh; Bghl;ofs; - 90

xUehs; Bghl;ofs; - 318

T20 Bghl;ofs; - 92

bkhj;j rh;tBjr Bghl;ofs; - 500

ne;jpahtpy; Bjhdp – 3tJ nlk;

cyfstpy; Bjhdp – 9tJ nlk;


48

FIG Artistic Gymnastics cyff; Bfhg;ig Bryq;r; Bghl;o:-

July 8 md;W ―JUf;fpapd; bkh;rpd; efhpy;‖ eilbgw;w FIG Artistic Gymnastics cyff;

Bfhg;ig Bryq;r; Bghl;ofspd; ‗Vault‘ gphptpy; 14.150 g[s;spfs; bgw;W ne;jpahtpd;

―jPgh fh;khfh;‖ jA;fk; btd;whh;.

BkYk; mth; 13.400 g[s;spfSld; jFjpg; gphptpYk; Kjy; nlk; bgw;Ws;shh;. cyf

Bryq;r; Bfhg;igapy; ntuJ Kjy; gjf;fkhFk;.

―Balance Beam‖ gphpt[ jFjpr;Rw;wpy; 11.350 g[s;spfSld; jPgh ―K}d;whtJ nlk;

gpoj;Js;shh;.

ng;Bghl;oapy; btd;wjd; K}yk;, ―$fhh;j;jh Mrpag; Bghl;oapy; gA;Bfw;ft[s;s 10

Bgh; bfhz;l ne;jpa mzpapYk; jPgh fh;khfh; nlk; bgw;Ws;sshh;.

18tJ Mrpa tpisahl;Lg; Bghl;oapy;, ne;jpa Mz;fs; #hf;fp mzpia jiyik

jhA;fgth; - PR. =B$&;

18tJ Mrpa tpisahl;L Bghl;o eilbgWk; nlk; - $fhh;j;jh kw;Wk; gbyk;ghA;

(ne;BjhBdrpah)

18 tPuh;fs; mlA;fpa ne;jpa Mlth; #hf;fp mzpapd; jiyth; - PR. =B$&;,

Jizj; jiyth; - rpA;fbyrdh rpA; fA;F$k;

cyfpd; kpft[ah;e;j vhpkiyahd Mt.XB$h!; bly; ryBlhit‘ Vwpa 2tJ ne;jpa

kiyBw;w tPuh; - rj;aU}g; rj;jhe;jh

njw;F Kd; rj;aU}g;rpj;jhe;jh ‗mz;lh;ofhtpd; kpft[ah;e;j rpl;By vhpkiyia‘ Vwpa

Kjy; ne;jpauhthh;.

mh;b$d;ozh kw;Wk; rpyp vy;iyapy; bray;ghl;oy; cs;s ne;j vhpkiy 6893kP

cauA;bfhz;ljhFk;.

20 taJf;Fl;gl;BlhUf;fhd cyf rhk;gpad; jlfsg; Bghl;oapy; jA;fk; btd;w Kjy;

ne;jpag; bgz; → ‗#plh jh!;‘

gpd;yhe;J lhk;gpah; efhpy; eilbgw;W tUk; 20 taJf;Fl;gl;BlhUf;fhd cyf jlfs

rhk;gpad; Bghl;ofspd; 400m nWjpr;Rw;wpy;, mrhk; khepyj;jpd; efhBkh khtl;lj;jpd;

jpA; fpuhkj;ijr; Brh;e;j ‗#pkh jh!;‘ (18) 51.46 tpdhofspy; J]uj;ijf; fle;J

jA;fk; btd;W rhjidg; gilj;jhh;.


49

rh;tBjr mstpy; jlfsg; Bghl;oapy; jA;fk; btd;w Kjy; ne;jpa tPuhA;fid vd;fpw

bgUikia mth; bgw;Ws;shh;.

2018 bgz;fs; xw;iwah; gphptpy; tpk;gps;ld; bld;dp!; Bghl;oia btd;wth; →

Vq;rypf; bfh;gh; :-

rhk;gpad; → Vq;rypf; bfh;gh; (b$h;kdp)

Bjhy;tp → brhpdh tpy;ypak;!; (mbkhpf;fh)

1996-y; !;blgp fpuhg;g[f;F gpwF, tpk;gps;ld; gl;lk; btd;w 2-tJ b$h;kdp

tPuhA;fid vd;w rhjidiaa[k; gilj;jhh;.

2018 FIFA cyff;Bfhg;igapy; rpwe;j tPuUf;fhd ―Golden Ball‖ tpUJ → Y]fh

Bkhl;hpf;:-

kh!;Bfhtpd; Yrpdpf;fp ikjhdj;jpy; $Piy 15 md;W eilbgw;w 2018-k; Mz;l

FIFA cyff; Bfhg;igapd; nWjpg; Bghl;oapy; ‗FBuh&pah‘ mzpia 4-2 vd;w Bfhy;

fzf;fpy; gpuhd;!; Bjrpa fhy;ge;J mzp btd;wJ.

nJ FBuh&pat[f;F Kjy; cyff; Bfhg;ig Bghl;oahFk;. 1998 – k; Mz;oy;

gpuhd;!; jdJ brhe;j kz;zpy; btd;w Kjy; cyff; Bfhg;igf;Fg; gpwF bty;Yk;

Bfhg;ig nJthFk;.

FIFA ‗jA;ftPuh; tpUij bgw;wth; → ifypad; ghg;Bg (gpuhd;!;)

FIFA „jA;f fhyzp (Golden Boot) tpUij bgw;wth; → #hhp Bfd; (nA;fpyhe;J)

FIFA „jA;f ge;J (Golden Ball) tpUijg; bgw;wth; → Y]fh Bkhl;hpf; (FBuh&pah)

rpwe;j Bfhy; fPg;gUf;fhd ‗jA;f ifa[iw‘ (Golden Glove) tpUij bgw;wth; → jpghl;

Bfhh;l;Blha;!; (bgy;$pak;)

‗Fair play‟ tpUij bgw;wJ → !;bgapd; mzp

epfHhz;od; ― Mrpa $Pdpah; rhk;gpad; &pg;gpy; , 97 fp.fp fpBuf;f – Buhkhdpa

ky;a[j;j gphptpy; ‗tpBu&; Fz;L‘ – btz;fyk; btd;whh;.

ele;j nlk; - g[Jbly;yp

tpBu&; Fz;L gpwg;g[ - cj;ju gpuBjrk; (UP)

gapw;rp bgw;w nlk; - rpA;fg{h;

2018 Mrpa ghl;kpz;ld; $Pdpah; rhk;gpad;&pg;gpd; Mz;fs; xw;iwah; gphptpy; jA;fk;

btd;w 3tJ ne;jpa tPuh; ―y&ah brd;‖


50

Bghl;o ele;j nlk; - $hfh;j;jh (ne;BjhBdrpah)

jA;fk; btd;w 3tJ ne;jpa tPuh; - y&ah brd; (2018)

jA;fk; btd;w 2tJ ne;jpa tPuh; - P.V. rpe;J (2012)

jA;fk; btd;w 1tJ ne;jpa tPuh; - bfsjk; jf;fhh; (1965)

rh;tBjr xypk;gpf; FGtpd; (IOC) cWg;gpduhf Mg;fhdpa tPuhA;fid ―rkpuh

m!;fhp‖ epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

rkpuh m!;fhp vd;gth; Tilg;ge;jhl;lk; tpisahl;Lld; bjhlh;g[[ilath;.

2018 $Pdpah; Mrpa ky;a[j;j rhk;gpad;&pg;gpd; 57 fpfp ky;a[j;j gphptpy; ―khd;rp

m#yhtj;‖ bts;sp btd;whh;.

ky;a[j;j Bghl;o ele;j nlk; - g[Jbly;yp

khd;rp m#yhtj; gpwg;g[ - ne;jpah

mfpy ne;jpa fhy;ge;J Tl;likg;gpd;, 2017-k; Mz;Lf;fhd ‗rpwe;j tPuh;‘ tpUJf;F

―Rdpy; Brj;hp‘ Bjh;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

mfpy ne;jpa fhy;ge;J Tl;likg;gpd; (AIFF) 2017-k; Mz;Lf;fhd Mz;fs; gphptpy;

―rpwe;j tPuh;‖ – Rdpy; Brj;hp

bgz;fs; gphptpy; rpwe;j tPuhA;fid - fkyh Bjtp

2020 Blhf;fpBah ghuhypk;gpf; tpisahl;Lf;fhd mjpfhug;g{h;t rpd;dk; - Someity

2020-k; Mz;L $g;ghdpd; jiyefuhd Blhf;fpBahtpy; eilbgwt[s;s xypk;gpf;

Bghl;ofSf;fhd mjpfhug;g{h;t rpd;dA;fs; btspaplg;gl;ls;sd.

2020-k; Mz;L xypk;gpf; bjhlh; $g;ghdpd; Blhf;fpBah efhpy; $Piy 24 Kjy;

Mf!;l; 9 tiu elf;ft[s;sJ.

Blhf;fpBah xypk;gpf; bjhlhpd; mjpfhug;g{h;t rpd;dj;ij $g;ghdpd; fth;dh;

―a{hpf;Bfh, xypk;gpf; mjpfhug;g{h;t Vw;ghl;Lf;FG jiyth; ―Bah&pBuh Bkhhp‖

MfpBahh; mwpKfk; bra;J itj;jdh;.

ePyk; epwr; rpd;dk; - xypk;gpf; bjhlh;

rptg;g[ epwr; rpd;dk; - ghuypk;gpf; bjhlh;


51

2018 $Pdpah; Mrpa ky;a[j;j rhk;gpad;&pg;gpd; 74fpfp |g;gP!;ily; gphptpy; jA;fk;

btd;wth; - rr;rpd; ujp‖

74 fpfp gphpt[ - rr;rpd; ujp

86 fpfp gphpt[ - jPgf; g{doah ne;jpah

mjpBtfkhf 1000 ud;fis vl;oa tPuh; vd;w rhjidia ―gfh; rkhd;‖

g[hpe;Js;shh;.

― g[ythBahtpy; ele;j $pk;ghg;Bt mzpf;F vjpuhd Ie;jhtJ xU ehs; Bghl;oapy;

mjpBtfkhf 1000 ud;fis vl;oa tPuh; vd;w rhjidia ―ghfp!;jhidr; Brh;e;j

―gfh; rkhd;‖ g[hpe;jhh;.

Kf;fpa jpdA;fs;

$Piy 1 : Bjrpa kUj;Jth;fs; jpdk;

fUg;bghUs; : kUj;Jth;fs; kw;Wk; kUj;Jtkidfspd; kPjhd td;Kiwf;F vjpuhd

g{$;$pa rfpg;g[j; jd;ik

GST jpdk;

$Piy :1fphp&p jpd; (or) Btshz;ik jpdk; (kfhuh&;ouh) gl;laf; fzf;fhsh;fs;

jpdk;, GST jpdk;.

$Piy 2 :- cyf tpisahl;L gj;jphpf;ifahsh;fs; jpdk;

$Piy 6 cyf tpyA;FtHp Beha;fs; jpdk;

$Piy 7 cyf rhf;Byl;Lfs; jpdk;, cyf Tl;Lwt[ jpdk;.

fUg;bghUs;:- Tl;Lwt[ K}yk; ePoj;j rK}fA;fs;

$Piy 11 cyf kf;fs; bjhif jpdk;

fUg;bghUs; : FLk;gf; fl;LghL vd;gJ kdpj chpik

$Piy 12: eghh;L gt[z;Blrd; jpdk;


52

NABARD – National Bank of for Agriculture and Rural Development (Btshz;ik kw;Wk;

fpuhkg;g[w Bkk;ghl;ow;fhd Bjrpa tA;fp)

$Piy 15:- fy;tp tsh;r;rp ehs;:-

fhkuh$hpd; gpwe;j ehs; epidthf nJ bfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.

$Piy 17 rh;tBjr ePjp jpdk;

$Piy 18 bey;rd; kz;Blyh rh;tBjr jpdk;

$Piy 26 fhh;fpy; tp$a; jpth!;

bghUshjhuk;

cldo e- PAN ml;il Brit:-

Kjd;Kiwahf epue;ju fzf;F vz;zpid (PAN – Permanent) Account Number) bgw

KaYk; jdpegh;fSf;F Mjhh; mog;gilahd cldoahd e- Pan Britia tUkhd

thpj;Jiw bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

Kiwahd Mjhh; ml;il itj;Js;sth;fSf;F ne;j trjpahdJ Kjypy;

tUgth;fSf;F Kjy; Brit vd;gjd; mog;gilapy; nytrkhf tHA;fg;gLk;.

APTA cWg;gpdh;fSf;fhdf; fl;lzr; rYif:-

$Piy 1, 2018 ypUe;J Mrpa gRgpf; th;j;jf xg;ge;j cWg;gpdh;fSf;F (APTA – Asia

Pacific Trade Agreement) 3,142 tpisbghUl;fSf;F fl;lzr; rYifia tHA;Ftjw;F

ne;jpah xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

Mrpa gRgpf; gFjpfspd; tsh;e;J tUk; cWg;gpdh; ehLfSf;fpilBa fl;lzr; rYif

ghpkhw;wj;jpd; K}yk; th;j;jfj;ij tphptilar; bra;tjw;fhf Mrpa kw;Wk; gRgpf;

gFjpfSf;fhd If;fpa ehLfspd; bghUshjhu kw;Wk; rK}f FGf;fspd; (UN ESCAP –

United Nations Economics Social Commission for Asia the Pacific) Kaw;rpBa APTA MFk;.

8 Kjd;ikahd bjhHpw;Jiwfspd; FwpaPL:-

ne;jpahtpy; epyf;fhp, fr;rh vz;bza;, naw;if vhptha[ bgl;Buhypa Rj;jpfhpg;g[

bghUs;fs;, cuA;fs;, v|F rpbkz;l; kw;Wk; kpd;rhuk; Mfpa Jiwfis cs;slf;fpa

vl;L Kf;fpa bjhHpy;Jiwfs; cs;sd.


53

vl;L Kf;fpa cl;fl;likg;g[ Jiwfs; bkhj;j bjhHpy;Jiw cw;gj;jpf; FwpaPl;oy;

40.27% bfhz;oUf;fpd;wd.

utpe;j;uh Bjhyf;ah FG:-

khepy kw;Wk; khtl;l mstpy; bghUshjhu jfty;fs; fzf;fPLfSf;fhd tpjpfis

Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf Jiz Bjrpa fzf;FfSf;fhd cWg;gpdh;fisf; bfhz;lf;

FGit kj;jpa muR mike;Js;sJ.

nJ Bjrpaf; fzf;Ffs; (m) bkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp fzf;fPLfSf;fhd moj;js

Mz;il khw;wpaikg;gjw;fhd jpl;lkpLjypd; gpd;dzpapy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.

ne;j FG mfkjhghj;jpy; cs;s ne;jpa Bkyhz;ik epWtdj;jpd; Xa;t[ bgw;w

Bguhrphpauhd utpe;j;uh H Bjhy;f;ah vd;gtuhy; jiyik jhA;fg;gLk;.

kj;jpa g[s;spapay; mikg;ghdJ filrpahf bkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpf;fhd

moj;js tUlj;jpid $dthp 2015- ypUe;J giHa moj;js tUlkhd 2004- 2005-

I 2011 -2012 Mf khw;wpaJ.

bghUshjhuj;jpy; khw;wA;fis Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhf g[s;spay; kw;Wk; jpl;lk;

bray;gLj;Jjy; mikr;rfk; bkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; bjhHpy;Jiw cw;gj;jp

vz;zpf;iffs; Mfpatw;wpd; fzf;fPLfSf;fhd moj;js tUlj;ij 2011-

2012ypUe;J 2017-2018 khw;Wtjw;fhf jpl;lkpl;Lf; bfhz;loUf;fpwJ.

FBshgy; tA;fpfspd; ‗ mjpf Mgj;J tpistpf;ff; Toa vy;iyapd; gl;oay;‘

rkPgj;jpy; Kf;fpag; ghJfhg;ghsh; tA;fpfs; ―mjpf Mgj;ij cila vy;iyfisf;

bfhz;l 25 ehLfspd; gl;oaiy ne;jpag; gA;F kw;Wk; ghpth;j;jid thhpaj;Jld;

(SEBI – Securties and Exchange Board of Inida) gfph;e;Js;sJ.

btspehl;L epjpfspd; ghJfhtyuhf nUf;Fk; FBshgy; tA;fpfs; rPdh, If;fpa mug[

mkPufk;, irg;u!; kw;Wk; bkhhPrpa!; cs;gl 21 ehLfis ―mjpf Mgj;ij cila

vy;iyfshf‖ bgahplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

tzpfk; bra;jiy vspikahf;Fjy; FwpaPL:-

Kjy; nlk; - Me;jpug;gpuBjrk;

2- tJ nlk; - bjyA;fhdh

3-tJ - #hpahdh

4-tJ nlk; - $hh;f;fz;l;


54

5- tJ nlk; - F$uhj;

15- tJ nlk; - jkpH;ehL

cyf rh;f;fiu cw;gj;jp – mjpf gjpt[:-

UN mikg;gpd; rkPgj;jpy; mwpf;ifapy;, 2017 -18 cyf rh;f;fiu cw;gj;jp

mjpfsthf 187.6 kpy;ypad; ld;fis vl;oa[k; Efh;tpidtpl mjpf mstpida[k;

bfhz;oUf;Fk; vd;W fzpj;Jf; Twpa[s;sJ.

ne;jpah, IBuhg;gpa ehLfs;, jha;yhe;J kw;Wk rPdh Mfpa ehLfspy; cw;gj;jp

mjpfkhdBj njw;F fhuzkhFk;.

Fiwe;jgl;r Mjhu tpiyapy; cah;t[:-

14 fhPg; gaph;fSf;fhd Fiwe;jgl;r Mjhu tpiyapid (Minimum Support Price – MSP)

4 ypUe;J 53 rjtpfpjk; tiu cah;j;Jtjw;F kj;jpa murhA;fk; xg;g[jy;

mspj;Js;sJ.

bghUshjhu ty;Yeh;fs; FY19 (Finaincial year 2019) czt[ tPf;fk; 50-90 g[s;spfs; tiu

caUk; vd;W vjph;ghh;f;fpd;wdh;.

GST thp tpfpj Fiwg;g[ - 88 bghUl;fs;:-

Rfhjhuj; Jzfs; (jw;bghGJ 12% thp)

brwpt{l;lg;gl;l ghy; (jw;bghGJ 18% thp) ―thptpjpg;g[ tpyf;F $Piy 27 Kjy ;

eilKiwf;F tUk;

gpBuh&; $P$PBgha; Bfhg[uA;fs; oBuLkhh;f; Kj;jpiu:-

k#huh&;ouhtpd; Kk;igapy; cs;s jyhy; bjUtpy; mike;Js;s Kk;ig gA;Fr;

re;ijapd; fl;olkhd, gpBuh&; $P$PBgha; Bfhg[uA;fs;, oBuL khh;f; rl;lk;, 1999-d;

fPH;mjd; rpwg;ghd fl;ol mikg;gpw;fhf oBuLkhh;f; Kj;jpiuapidg; bgw;Ws;sJ.

epakdkA;fs;

rh;tBjr FoBaw;w mikg;gpd; (IOM) g[jpa jiyth; - ―Mz;ldpBah tpl;BlhhpBdh‖

IOM MdJ I.ehtpd; g[yk;bgah;jy; KfikahFk;. nJ150-f;Fk; Bkw;gl;l ehLfspy;

g[yk;bgah;jy; Jiwapy;cyf muRfSf;fpilapy; naA;fptUk; Kd;dzp mikg;ghFk;.


55

kj;jpa kiwKfthpfs; kw;Wk; RA;fthp thhpaj;jpd; (CBIC) g[jpa jiyth; - S. uBk&;

CBIC –d; Kd;dhs; jiyth; ―td$h N rh;dh‖

bly;yp kw;Wk; khtl;l fphpf;bfl; rA;fj;jpd; (DDCA) g[jpa jiytuhf epakdk;

bra;ag;gl;Ls;s ne;jpa gj;jphpf;ifahsh; - ―u$j; rh;kh‖

ne;jpa kw;Wk; ghfp!;jhdpy; cs;s I.eh nuhZt fz;fhzpg;g[f; FGt[f;fhd

(UNMOGIP) jpl;l jiyth; kw;Wk; jiyik nuhZtf; fz;fhzpg;g[j; jiytuhf

epakpf;fg;gl;ls;sth; - ―B$h!; vByoBah my;ifd ; (Jose Eladio Alcain)

Ma[jj; bjhHpw;fhiy thhpaj;jpd; (OFB) g[jpa jiyik naf;Feh; kw;Wk; jiytuhf

epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;sth; - “P.K.=t!;jth;‖ OFB jiyikafk; - bfhy;fj;jh

i#juhghj; gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; g[jpa Bte;juhf epakpf;fg;gl;lth; - ― L. eurpk;k

bul;o‖

FoauRj; jiyth; uhk;ehj; Bfhtpe;j; jdJ mjpfhuj;jpw;Fl;gl;L ne;j epakdk;

Bkw;bfhz;lhh;.

Payments Council of India –tpd; g[jpa jiyth; - ―tp!;th!; gBly;‖

Infibeam Avenues –d; naf;Feh; tp!;tha; gBly;, fl;lzk; brYj;Jjy; kw;Wk; igry;

rhh;e;j epWtdA;fis gpujpepjpj;JtgLj;Jk; cr;r mikg;gpd; payments Council of India

(PCI) –d; g[jpa jiytuhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

Jiz jiytuhf epakdk; bra;ag;gl;lth; - ―ByhBd Mz;ldp‖

bjYA;fhdh kw;Wk; Me;jpugpuBjrk; khepyA;fSf;fhd i#juhghj;

cah;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; g[jpa jiyik ePjpgjpahf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;sth; - ― ePjpgjp

Bjhl;lj;jpy; gh!;fud; ehah; uhjhfpU&;zd;.

Bjrpa gRik jPh;g;ghaj;jpd; (NGT) g[jpa jiyth; - Mjh;&; Fkhh; Bfhay;‖


56

Xypgug;g[ cs;slf;f g[fhh;fs; rigapd; (BCCC) g[jpa cWg;gpdh; - cja; Fkhh;

th;kh‖

BCCC – Broadcasting Content Complaints Councils

ne;jpa gy;fiyf;fHf rA;fj;jpd; (AIU) g[jpa jiyth; - ―re;jPg; rq;brl;o‖

jiyikaplk; - g[Jbly;yp

97tJ jiytuhthh;.

720 cWg;gpdh;fs; cs;sdh;.

cyf tptfhuA;fspd; ne;jpa mitf;fhd (Indian Council of world Affairs) jiyik

naf;Feuhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;sth; - Dr. TCA uh$d; - 1982 –k; Mz;Lg;gphpit

Brh;e;j ne;jpa may;ehL Brit mjpfhhp.

uh$!;jhd; kpd;rhu xGA;FKiw Mizaj;jpd; (RERC) g[jpa jiyth; - ―=kj;

ghz;Bl ―

ne;j Mizak; ERC rl;lk;, 1998-d; fPH;, $dthp 2, 2000 md;W epWtg;gl;lJ.

gq;rhg; gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; g[jpa Jiz Bte;juhf epakpf;fg;gl;lth; - uh$; Fkhh;‖

nthpd; gjtpf;fhyk; - 3 tUlk;

1947-k; Mz;L gq;rhg; gy;fiyf;fHf rl;lg;gphpt[ 10-d; fPH; tHA;fg;gl;l

mjpfhuA;fis gad;gLj;jp ng;gy;fiyapd; Bte;juhd M.btA;ifa eha[L, ne;j

epakdj;ij bra;J cs;shh;.

ghfp!;jhdpd; Kjy; bgz; cah;ePjpkd;w jiyik ePjpgjp – ―jh#puh r|gPjhh; ―

khehLfs;

19tJ IUFoST cyf czt[ mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g khehl;il elj;jt[s;s ehL

– ―ne;jpah‖

mf;Blhgh; 23 Kjy; 27tiu etp – Kk;igapy; 19tJ IUFoST cyf czt[ mwptpay;

kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g khehl;il ne;jpah elj;jt[s;sJ.

khel;id; fUg;bghUs; : ―25 Billon Meals a Day by 2025 with Healthy, Nutritious, safe and

Diverse Foods:


57

ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; cyfshtpa nlk; bgauhw;wy; cr;rp khehL – g[Jbly;yp

tUk; brk;lk;gh; khjk; 7-8 Mfpa Bjjpfspy; ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; ―MOVE: Global Mobility

Summit‖ cyfshtpa nlk;bgauhw;wy; khehl;il g[Jbly;ypapy; elj;j, NITI MBahf;

Vw;ghL bra;Js;sJ.

8tJ brush&;ouh gBly; fyhr;rhu rkh$;, vd;w rh;tBjr khehl;il elj;Jk; ehL –

―mbkhpf;fh‖ – fy;Bghh;dpah

btspehL thH; ne;jpa rKjhaj;jpdh; xt;Bthuhz;Lk; Fiw;ejJ 5

FLk;gj;jpdiuahtJ ne;jpaht[f;F gazk; Bkw;bfhs;s Cf;fg;gLj;j Btz;Lk; vd;W

mth; fhbdhyp fhl;rp K}yk; Twpdhh;.

―Data for New India‖ vDk; jiyg;gpy; tl;lBkir khehL:-

kj;jpa g[s;spapay; kw;Wk; jpl;l mkyhf;f mikr;rfkhdJ, ―Data for New India‖ vDk;

jiyg;gpyhd rh;tBjr tl;l Bkir khehl;il $Piy 9-10 Mfpa Bjjpfspy;

―g[Jbly;yp-apy; elj;jt[s;sJ.

nk;khehl;il ―Dr. rjhde;j bfslh‖ bjhlA;fp itg;ghh;.

17tJ rkw;fpUj khehl;il elj;Jk; ehL – fdlh (thd;fth;)

ne;j khehl;il kj;jpa kdpjts Bkk;ghl;Lj;Jiw mikr;rh; ―gpfh&; $tBlfh;‖

nd;W bjhlA;fp itj;jhh;.

nJ tiu nk;khehL ne;jpahtpy; 3 Kiw elj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

epfHhz;Lf;fhd 4tJ BIMSTEC cr;rp khehl;il ―Beghsk;‖ elj;jt[s;sJ.

BIMSTEC – Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi – Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation

―Mf!;l; 30‖ md;W bjhlA;ft[s;sJ.

1997y; bjhlA;fg;gl;lJ. nJ ―ehd;fhtJ‖ cr;rp khehL MFk; Beghsk; Kjd;

Kiwahf nk;khehl;il elj;JfpwJ.

ne;jpa – mbkhpf;f nUjug;g[ ghJfhg;g[ xj;JiHg;gpd; xU gFjpahf 7tJ

ghJfhg;g[ bjhHpEl;gk; kw;Wk; th;j;jf Kd;Kaw;rpf; Tl;lj;jpw;F ne;jpahtpd; rhh;gpy;

‗ghJfhg;g[ cw;gj;jp brayh;‘ jiyik tfpj;jhh;.


58

ne;jf; Tl;lk; eilbgw;w nlk; - ―g[Jbly;yp‖

ghJfhg;g[ cw;gj;jp brayh; - ―Dr. m$a; Fkhh;‖

8tJ BRICS Rfhjhu mikr;rh;fs; re;jpg;ig elj;JtJ – ―lh;gd;‖ ehL MFk;

July 20 md;W bjd;dhg;gphpf;fhtpd; lh;gdpy; 8tJ BRICS Rfhjhu mikr;rh;fs;

re;jpg;g[ eilbgw;wJ.

―mk;hpj; jPd;jahs; kUe;jfA;fs;‖ jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; g[w;WBeha; nja Beha; kUe;jfSk;

nja cs; itg;g[fSk; Fiwe;j tpiyapy; tHA;fg;gLtij ―JP el;lh‖(Rfhjhu kw;Wk;

FLk;g eyj;Jiw mikr;rh;) vLj;Jf; Twpdhh;.

Ma[&; Bjrpa epWtdA;fspd; jiyth;fs; khehl;il mz;ikapy; midj;jpe;jpa

Ma[h;Btj epWtdk; (AIIA) elj;jpaJ.

ne;j khehL eilbgw;w nlk; - g[J bly;yp

nsk; fhtw;Jiw fz;fhzpg;ghsh;fspd; 2tJ khehl;il, fhtw;Jiw Muha;r;rp kw;Wk;

Bkk;ghl;L mikg;g[ (BPR & D) Vw;ghL bra;Js;sJ. BPR & D –d; jiyikafk; -

g[Jbly;yp

July 26, g[Jbly;ypapy;, “Predictive Policing and Contemporary Challenges for Indian police Forces”

– ne;jpa fhtw;Jiw jw;BghJ vjph;bfhs;Sk; rthy;fs; kw;Wk; jpl;lA;fs; vd;w

fUg;bghUSld; nsk; fhtw;Jiw fz;fhzpg;ghsh;fspd; (Young Superintendent of Police

conference) 2tJ khel;il, fhtw;Jiw kw;Wk; Bkk;ghl;L mikg;g[ (BPR & D) Vw;ghL

bra;jpUe;jJ.

10tJ BRICs cr;rp khehL:-

gpBurpy; , u&;ah, ne;jpah, rPdh, bjd;dhg;gphpf;fh Mfpa 5 ehLfspd; Tl;likg;ghd

BRICS mikg;gpd; 10tJ khehL bjd;dhg;gphpf;fhtpd; B$hfd;d!;gh;f;fpy; $Piy 25

Kjy; 27 tiu 3 ehl;fs; eilbgWfpwJ.

fUg;bghUs; :- “BRICS in Africa – Collaboration for Inclusive Growth and Shared Prosperity in the

4th

Industrial Revolution”.

cyfpd; 26% epyg;gug;g[k;, 43% kf;fl; bjhifa[k; BRICS ehLfs; bfhz;Ls;sd.

2018 rh;tBjr khw;Wj;jpwdhspfs; cr;rp khehL:-

eilbgw;w nlk; - ―yz;ld;‖ – uhzp vyprbgj; xypk;gpf; g{A;fh


59

mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;gk;

Block chain bjhHpy;El;gk;:-

Block Chain bjhHpy;El;gj;jpd; K}yk; cukhdpa tHA;fis (Fertilizer subsidy Disbursement)

bray;gLj;j NITI MBahf;fhdJ F$uhj; eh;kjh gs;sjhf;F cuA;fs; kw;Wk;

nurhadA;fs; (GNFC) epWtdj;Jld; nize;Js;sJ. ne;epWtdA;fSk; khdpak;

tHA;Ftjpy; bjhHpy; El;gj;ij gad;gLj;Jtjpy; gzpfis Bkw;bfhs;Sk;.

ne;j bjhHpy;El;gj;ijg; gad;gLj;Jtjd; K}yk;, tpepBahfkhdJ gads;sjhft[k;

kw;Wk jpwd; kpf;fjhft[k; khWk; vd;W vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.

Epidpolex kUe;J:-

Kjd;Kiwahf, khp$PthdhtpypUe;J jahhpf;fg;gl;l ―vgpoBahbyf;!;‖ (Epidioles) vdg;

bgahplg;gl;Ls;s cyfpd; Kjy; fd;dhgp!; mog;gilapyhd kUe;Jf;F mbkhpf;f

czt[ kw;Wk; kUe;J ephthkhdJ (US Food & Drug Administration ) xg;g[jy; tHA;fp

cs;sJ.

cVigil brayp:-

(citizen Vigil) – Bjh;jy; elj;ij tpjpkPwy; Fwpj;J bghJkf;fs; g[fhh; bra;tjw;fhf

cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

―GST Verify brayp:-

thof;ifahsh; eyed fUj;jpy; bfhz;L kj;jpa kiwKf thpfs; kw;Wk; RA;fthp

thhpakhdJ (CBIC) ―GST Verify braypia mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ.

―B uF fpuz;‖ ne;jr; braypia cUthf;fpa[s;shh;. nth; i#juhghj;jpy; kj;jpa

ruf;Ffs; kw;Wk; Britfs; thp niz Mizauhf gzpahw;wpfpwhh;.

―Khan Prahari‖ brayp:-

epyf;fhp RuA;f fz;fhzpg;g[ kw;Wk; Bkyhz;ik mikg;g[ (CMSMS) kw;Wk; ―Khan

Prahari‖ vd;w miyBgrp brayp Mfpatw;iw kj;jpa epyf;fhp mikr;rfk;

―g[Jbly;yp‖apy; mwpKfk; bra;jJ.

rl;l tpBuhj epyf;fhp RuA;f eltof;iffspd; kPJ g[fhh; mspj;jy;, fz;fhzpj;jy;

kw;Wk; bghUj;jkhd eltof;ifia vLj;jy; Mfpait (MSMS) –d; mog;gil

Behf;fA;fhsFk;.


60

kugZ khw;wg;gl;l gaph;fspd; tzpf kakhf;fk; 2017:-

2017-k; Mz;oy; tzpf kag;gLj;jg;gl;l caphp bjhHpy; El;gk; kugZ khw;wg;gl;l

gaph;fspd; cyfshtpa epiyg;ghL vd;w mwpf;ifapd; go, kugZ khw;wg;gl;l

gaph;fspd; fPH;cyfpd; kpfg;bghpa ehLfspd; gl;oapypy; ―ne;jpah – 5-k; nlk;

bgw;Ws;sJ.

ISAAA – International Service for the Acquisition of Agri – Biotech Applications

Kjyplk; - mbkhpf;fh

nuz;lhkplk; - gpBurpy;

K}d;whkplk; - mhpb$z;odh

ehd;fhkplk; - fdlh

Ie;jhkplk; - ne;jpah

cyfshtpa Rw;Wr;r{Hy; kdpj eltof;iffspd; jhf;fj;ij fz;fhzpg;gjw;fhf

―TFs;‖ bjhHpy;El;g epWtdj;Jld; UNEP nize;Js;sJ.

I.eh. r{Hy; jpl;lk; (UNEP) TFs; epWtdj;Jld; nize;Js;sJ.

tpUJfs;

Bjrpa fhspjh!; rk;kd; tpUJ – ―mq;Brhyp vyh Bkdd;‖

RtBuhtpaf; fiyquhd mq;Brhyp vyh BkdDf;F. ― kj;jpa gpuBjrk;‖ murhy;

thA;fg;gLk; Bjrpa fhspjh!; rk;kd; tpUJ tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

―kp!; a[dth;!; !;bgapd;‖ – jpUeA;if – ―vq;ryh Bghd;!;‖

epfHhz;Lf;fhd nir fiyf;fHfj;jpd; (Music Academy) ‗rA;fPj fyhepjp‘ tpUJ

mUzh rha;uhk;‖ bgw;whh;.

ne;j Mz;L ork;gh; 15 Kjy; 2019 $dthp 1 tiu eilbgWk; kpa{rpf; mfhlkpapd;

92-tJ Mz;L khehl;Lf;F, mUzh rha;uhk; jiyik tfpg;ghh;.

1. rA;fPj fyhepjp tpUJ – mUzh rha;uhk;

2. rA;fPj fyhr;rhh;ah tpUJ – kpUjA;f nirfiyqh; - R. uhk;jh!;

3. TTK tpUJfs; - tPizf; fiyqh; - fy;ahzp fBzrd; eh!;tu tpj;thd; -

SRG uh$z;zh

4.nir Ma;thsh; tpUJ – Dr. gpukPsh FUK}h;j;jp

5. epUj;a fyhepjp – guj ehl;oa fiyqh; - rhe;jh jdq;$ad;


61

Ra cjtpf; FGf;fSf;fhd (SHG) jdJ Britf;fhf, epfHhz;Lf;fhd ―eghh;L

tpUJ‖ btd;Ws;s tA;fp my;yhj epjp epWtdk; - bug;Bfh Ez;fld; epWtdk;.

2018 – f;fhd ―kp!; Mrpah‖ thf (fhJ BfshBjhh;) kFlk; r{l;lg;gl;Ls;s ne;jpah

– ―Bj&;dh b$apd;‖

ijthdpy; cs;s ijBgapy; ele;j fhJ BfshBjhUf;fhd ‗kp!; nd;lh;Be&dy;‘

Bghl;oapy;, 3tJ nlk;gpoj;j kj;jpa gpuBjrk; khepyk; jpfk;fiu Brh;e;j Bj&;dh

b$apd; (20), 2018-f;fhd ‗kp!; Mrpah‘ thf (fhJ BfshBjhh;) kFlk;

r{l;lg;gl;Ls;shh;.

epfHhz;Lf;fhd uhkd; kfBrBr tpUJ btd;wth;fs; - ―guj; tj;thdp kw;Wk; Brhdk;

thA;rf;‖ (ne;jpah;fs;)

nt;tpUJ Mrpahtpd; Behgy; ghprhff; fUjg;gLfpwJ.

nt;tpUJ tUk; Mf!;l; 31 md;W ―gpypg;igd;rpy;‖ cs;s fyhr;rhu ikaj;jpd;

eilbgwt[s;s tpUJ tHA;Fk; tpHhtpy; tHA;fg;gLk;.

„Eleventh Hour‖ vd;w E]iy vGjpa gj;jphpf;ifahsh; - #Pird; irjp

Mz;ikapy; fhykhd K}j;j gj;jphpf;ifahsh; ‗JN rhJ‖ (94) #pkhr;ryg;gpuBjr

khepyj;jpd; rpk;yhtpy; thH;e;jth;

nth; ―jp ne;jpad; vf;!;gpu!;‖ bra;jpj;jhs; epWtdj;jpy; 35 Mz;Lfshf

gzpg[hpe;Js;shh;.

mz;ikapy; fhykhd gpugy Fkht[dp bkhHp, ehl;Lg;g[w ghly; ―fg[jhp Bjtp‖ (70)

―cj;jufhz;l;‖ khepyk; gpj;Bjhfhhpy; fhykhdhh;.

“Winning like Sourar : Think & Succeed like Ganguly‖ vd;w E]iy vGjpath; - mgpU}g;

gl;lhr;rhh;ah.

epfHhzod; ―Bfhy;ld; Bkd; g[f;fh;‖ ghpir btd;w g[jpdk;,

The English Partient

MA;fpy bkhHpapy; vGjg;gLk; rpwe;j g[jpdj;Jf;fhd ghprhd ‗Bkd; g[f;fh;‘ 1969-k;

Mz;L Kjy; tHA;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ.


62

mz;ikapy; fhykhd g[fh;bgw;w Md;kPf ―FU jhjh B$.gp th!;thdp,‖

‗kfhuh&;ouh‘ khepyj;ijr; Brh;e;j ‗rhJ th!;thdp‘ naf;fj;jpd; jiytuhthh;.

ntUf;F 99 taJ epwtile;Js;sJ.

jhjh th!;thdpapd; gpwe;j ehs; - cyf kd;dpg;g[ jpdk;

nthpd; FU ―TL th!;thdp‖

I.eh mitapdhy; tHA;fg;gl;l ―1998 a[ jd;l;‖ rkhjhd tpUjpidg; bgw;Ws;shh;.

#pe;J ehlf Mrphpah; tpUJ – „Hello Farmaish‟ ehlfk; vGjpath; - ―!;Be rg;U‖

Mz;ikapy; fhykhd Bguhrphpah; ― NN,tpf;, ― kdBeha;f;fhd rpfpr;ir kUj;Jt

mwptpay; gphpt[ld; bjhlh;g[ilatuhthh;.

NN.tpf; (88) – rz;ofhpy; fhykhdhh;.

―Aluminium : The Future metal‖ vd;w E]iy Nalco-tpd; Bkyhz;ik naf;Feh; ―jgd;

Fkhh; re;j;‖ vGjpa[s;shh;.

mz;ikapy; fhykhd K}j;j gj;jphpf;ifahsh; ―fy;Bg&; af;dpf;‖ ―ijdpf; gh!;fh;‖

(Dainikk Bhaskar) vd;w gj;jphpf;ifapy; gzpahw;wpdhh;. ‗kj;jpa gpuBjr khepyj;jpd;

ne;J]hpy; fhykhdhh;.

mz;ikapy; fhykhd ―hPl;lh ghJhp‖ jpiuf;fiy Jiwiar; rhh;e;jth;. nth;, #pe;jp

jpiua[yf kw;Wk; bjhiyf;fhl;rp eoif.

‗#e;jpf; ftpquhd‘ ‗Bfhghy; jh!; ePu$;‖ g[Jbly;ypapy; fhykhdhh;. nth; gjk=

tpUJ (1991) kw;Wk; gj;kg{&d; (2007) tpUJfisg; bgw;Ws;shh;.

―The Dhono Touch: Unravelling the Enigma that is Mahendra Singh Dhoni ― vd;w E]ypd;

Mrphpah; - ―guj; Re;jBurd;‖

―When Coal Turned Gold : The Making of a Maharasthna Company‖ vd;w E]iy vGjpath;

ne;jpa epyf;fhp epWtdj;jpd; Kd;dhs; jiyth; - “PB gl;lhr;rhh;ah‖

mz;ikapy; fhykhd ―!;tgd; rh;fhh;‖ K}j;j tpisahl;Lj;Jiw

gj;jphpf;ifahsuhdthh;. nth; ―g[Jbly;ypapy; fhykhdhh;.

―Gandhi: The years that changed the world (1914 -1948) vd;w E]iy ―nuhkr;re;jpuh

F#h‖ vGjpa[s;shh;.


63

gapw;rp tpdhf;fs;

1. ve;j khepyk; mjpf vz;zpf;ifapyhd cyf ghuk;gupaj; jsA;fisf; bfhz;Ls;sJ?

A) kfhuh&;ouh B) uh$!;jhd; C) bly;yp D) xorh

2. Mrpa cl;fl;likg;g[ KjyPl;L tA;fpapd; jiyikaplk; vA;Fs;sJ?

A) g[Jjpy;yp B) bga;$pA; C) fhj;khz;l; D) fuhr;rp

3. bgz;fspd; ghJfhg;g[ kw;Wk; eyDf;fhf ve;jg; gq;rhaj;J ―fHpg;giw ny;iyBa

kzg;bgz; ny;iy‖ vd;w jPu;khdj;ij epiwBtw;wpaJ?

A) bfhof;fd;, #upahdh B) bfhz;lg;gs;sp, Me;jpug; gpuBjrk;

C) bfhA;fhughisak;, jkpH;ehL D) ypA;fk; gs;sp, bjYA;fhdh.

4. 2018-k; Mz;Lf;fhd cyf czt[ tpUJ bgw;wtu; ahu;?

A) yhud;!; b#lhl; B) lhf;lu; Bltpl; BeghBuh

C) vk;.v!;.Rthkpehjd; D) A kw;Wk; B nuz;Lk;

5. Be&dy; ―fhspjh!; rk;kd; tpUJ‖ bgw;w fiyqu;.

A) mDgk; Bfu; B) $hfPu; #Pird

C) mf;gu; ghlhk; !p D) mq;Brhyp ny Bkdd;

6. ehl;oy; mUfptUk; Kfj;Jthu Kjiyfspd; kpfg;bgupa thH;tplk; gpd;tUtdtw;wpy;

vA;Fs;sJ?

A) gpj;ju;fdpfh Bjrpag;g{A;fh

B) Bej;uty;yp tdtpyA;F ruzhyak;

C) fl;r; tisFlhtpd; fly; Bjrpag; g{A;fh

D) khytd; fly; tdtpyA;F ruzhyak;

7. $Pd; 29 ve;j ehshf mDrupf;fg;gLfpwJ?

I. ru;tBjr btg;gkz;ly jpdk;

II. Bjrpak; g[s;spapay; jpdk;

III. ru;tBjr ghuhSkd;w jpdk;

A) I kl;Lk; B) II kl;Lk; C) I kw;Wk; II D) midj;Jk;


64

8. gpujk ke;jpupapd; ghJfhg;ghd jha;ik gpur;rhuj;jpd; fPH; kfBgw;W nwg;igf;

Fiwj;jjw;fhf ve;j khepyj;jpw;F kj;jpa Rfhjhuk; kw;Wk; FLk;g eythH;t[j; Jiw

mikr;rfk; tpUJ tHA;fpa[s;sJ?

A) kj;jpag;gpuBjrk; B) jkpH;ehL

C) Bfush D) kpBrhuk;

9. gpd;tUk; ve;j ne;jpa tpisahl;L, tPuu;fs; Irprpahs; thH;j;juA;fpy; nlk;

bgw;Ws;sdu;?

I. gprd; rpA; Bgo

II. tptpv!; y&;kzd;

III. uhFy; ouhtpl;

IV. rr;rpd; blz;Ly;fu;

A) III kw;Wk; IV kl;Lk; B) II kw;Wk; III kl;Lk;

C) I kw;Wk; II kl;Lk; D) midj;Jk;

10. ne;jpa g[s;spapay; epWtdj;ij bjhlA;fpaJ ahu;?

A) gpurhe;j; re;jpuh k#y Behgp!; B) rp.uA;fuh$d;

C) rp.Mu;.uht; D) rPdpthr nuhkhD$d;

11. bghUj;Jf:

a) ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; jpUeA;if

tHf;fwpqu; - 1. Bkw;F tA;fhsk;

b) ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; jpUeA;if

fhtyu; - 2. jkpH;ehL

c) ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; jpUeA;if

Byhf; mjhyj; ePjpgjp - 3. nuh$!;jhd;.

a b c

A) 1 2 3

B) 3 2 1

C) 1 3 2

D) 2 3 1

12. rkPgj;jpy; btspaplg;gl;l cyf epykjpg;g[ btspg;gilj; jd;ikf;fhd FwpaPl;oy;

ne;jpah bgw;Ws;s nlk;?

A) 1 B) 100 C) 35 D) 120


65

13. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; ve;j ehL 2018-k; Mz;Lf;fhd Irprp bgz;fSf;fhd 20 Xtu;

o20 Bghl;oia elj;JfpwJ?

A) Bkw;fpe;jpaj; jPt[fs; B) Mg;fhdp!;jhd;

C) M!;jpBuypah D) epa{rpyhe;J

14. kj;jpa th;j;jf kw;Wk; bjhHpy;Jiw mikr;rfj;jhy; mwpKfk;gLj;jg;gl;l Reunite

ifBgrp braypapd; Behf;fk; vd;d?

A) fhzhky; Bghd kw;Wk; iftplg;gl;l FHe;ijfisg; gpd;bjhlFjy; kw;Wk;

milahsk; fhzy;.

B) Bkk;gl;l Bghf;Ftuj;jpw;fhf nuapy; kw;Wk; rhiyfis nizj;jy;.

C) fk;g{a{l;lu; kw;Wk; Bkfk; rhu;e;j BritafA;fis Bfhg;g[ gupkhw;w Britf;fhf

nizj;jy;

D) FLk;g gpur;ridfSf;F rkurk; fhZtjw;fhd jsk;.

15. ne;jpahtpy; vg;BghJ $p.v!;.o mkyhf;fg;gl;lJ?

A) $Piy 1,2017 B) $Pd; 1, 2017 C) $dtup 1 ,2017 D) ork;gu; 1,2018

16. gpd;tUk; ve;jg; gha;kuf; fg;gy; tuyhw;Wr; rpwg;g[kpf;f Bfhy;ld; f;Bshg; ge;jaj;jpy;

gA;F bgw;whu;?

A) jhupzp B) juA;fpzp C) f!;fpbyhl; D) Jupah

17. 2018-k; Mz;L rhk;gpad;!; Bfhg;ig #hf;fp Bghl;oapy; ve;j ehL mjpfKiw

btd;Ws;sJ?

A) ne;jpah B) M!;jpBuypah C) RtPld; D) rPdh

18. 2018 Jgha; fgo kh!;lu;i! btd;Ws;s ehL vJ?

A) Nuhd; B) Mg;fhdp!;jhd; C) ghfp!;jhd; D) ne;jpah

19. gpd;tUk; ve;j khepyA;fs; muR mjpfhupfs; fl;lha Bghij kUe;J gupBrhjid

bra;a Btz;Lk; vd;W cj;jutpl;Ls;sJ?

I. gq;rhg;

II. rz;ofu;

III. bly;yp

IV. jkpH;ehL

A) I kw;Wk; IV kl;Lk; B) IV kl;Lk;

C) I kl;Lk; D) I kw;Wk; III kl;Lk;


66

20. !;bgapd; ehl;L cyf mHfpahf KoR{l;lg;gl;l cs;s Kjy; jpUeA;if ahu;?

A) $Pdh Buhrpuh B) nrp!; fpA; C) ah!;ikd; bgl;o D) Mq;Bryh Bghz;!;

21. utPe;juh Bjhyf;fpah fkpl;o vjw;fhf mikf;fg;gl;lJ?

A) Foikg; gzpapy; gpw;fhyr; Bru;f;iff;F fl;likg;ig cUthf;f.

B) bghUshjhu jfty;fis fzf;fpLtjw;fhd tpjpKiwfis Bkk;gLj;Jjy;

C) mog;gil Mz;oidj; jpUj;Jjy;

D) Kjd;ik bjhHpy;Jiwfis jpUj;Jjy;

22. Genome Valley 2.0 vd;gJ thH;f;if mwptpaYf;fhf xGA;fikf;fg;gl;l kUe;jpay;

capupj; bjhHpy;El;g ikakhFk;. nJ vA;F mikf;fj; jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ?

A) bjYA;fhdh B) jkpH;ehL C) k#huh&;ouh D) kpBrhuk;

23. ifBgrp braypia mjw;fhd gad;ghl;Lld; bghUj;Jf:

a) fhd; gpufhup - 1. Bju;jypd; BghJ jilbgWk; ve;j xU tpjp kpwiya[k;

bjuptpf;f

b) Reunite - 2. rl;l tpBuhj epyf;fup RuA;fA;fis bjuptpf;f

c) rp – tp$p!; - 3. iftplg;gl;l kw;Wk; fhzhky; Bghd FHe;ijfis gpd;

bjhlUjy; kw;Wk; milahsk; fhZjy;

a b c

A) 1 2 3

B) 3 2 1

C) 1 3 2

D) 2 3 1

24. uhzp $hu;$; FG vjw;fhf mikf;fg;gl;lJ?

A) cau; mr;RWj;jy; epiyapy; cs;s ndA;fSf;fhf kPl;g[j; jpl;lk; cUthf;Fjy;

B) Kjd;ik bjhHpy;Jiwfis jpUj;Jjy;

C) Bfushtpw;fhd khepyg; ghliyj; Bju;e;bjhLj;jy;.

D) bghUshjhuj; jfty;fis fzf;fpLtjw;fhd tpjpKiwfis Bkk;gLj;Jjy;

25. ve;j khepyk; mikr;ru;fs; kw;Wk; Ml;rpahsu;fSf;F ―xU egu; xU Cu;jp‖ vd;gij

mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ?

A) Bkw;F tA;fhsk; B) Bfush

C) kpBrhuk; D) rpf;fpk;.


67

26. jpupg[uhtpy; cs;s mfu;jyh tpkhd epiyaj;jpw;F _____ vd;W bgau; khw;wk;

bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

A) lhf;lu;. ghghrhBfg; mk;Bgj;fhu; gd;dhl;L thDhu;jp epiyak; (uh$!;jhd;)

B) ify&fhu; tpkhd epiyak;.

C) byA;g[a; tpkhd epiyak;

D) kfhuh$h gPu; gpf;uhk; khzpf;a fpB&hu; tpkhd epiyak;.

27. kj;jpa murpd; ‗cau; mr;RWj;jy; ndA;fSf;fhd kPl;g[ jpl;lj;jpd; (Critically

enlangered Species) gl;oaypy; g[jpjhf Bru;f;fg;gl;Ls;s capupdA;fs; gpd;tUtdtw;Ws;

vit?

I. ehu;ju;d; uptu; blu;utpd;

II. Bkff; fzpe;j rpWj;ij

III. mBugpa fly; Td; KJF jpkpA;fyk;

IV. rptg;g[ ghz;lh

A) I kl;Lk; B) I,II kw;Wk; III kl;Lk;

C) III kw;Wk; IV kl;Lk; D) midj;Jk;

28. 19 tJ cyfshtpa czt[ mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g fhA;fpu!; khehL vA;F

eilbgw;wJ?

A) etp Kk;ig, ne;jpah B) upBah-o-b$dPBuh, gpBurpy;

C) kg{l;Blh, bkhrhk;gpf; D) rpf;fe;juhghj;, bjYA;fhdh

29. rkPgj;jpy; bfhyk;gpahtpy; cs;s ve;j nlk; Bjrpag; g{A;fh jFjpapypUe;J cyfg;

ghuk;gupaf; fsk; vd;w jFjpf;F khw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ?

A) rpupgpBfl; g{A;fh

B) yh!; fj;Bjh!; Bjrpa g{A;fh

C) khy;gpByh jhtu kw;Wk; tpyA;Ffs; ruzhyak;.

D) rhd; mf!;od; bjhy;bghUs; g{A;fh.

30. gpd; tUtdtw;Ws; ve;j khepykhdJ muR gs;sp FHe;ijfspd; MBuhf;fpaj;ij

Bkk;gLj;j‘md;dg{u;zh ghy; tpepBahfj; jpl;lj;ij ‗mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ?

A) F$uhj; B) nuh$!;jhd; C) gq;rhg; D) bjYA;fhdh


68

31. 2018- fhkd;bty;j; br!; rhk;gpad;&pg; bgz;fs; gpuptpy; Bfhg;igia btd;wtu; ahu;?

A) Jhdpah rr;Bjt; B) #upfh JBuhzty;yp

C) gj;kpdp busl; D) N!h fuhtj;

32. gpd;tUk; ve;j ne;jpa fpupf;bfl; tPuu;fs; 500 ru;tBjr fpupf;bfl; Ml;lA;fSf;F Bky;

tpisahoa[s;sdu;?

I. kBfe;jpurpA; Bjhdp

II. rr;rpd; blz;Ly;fu;

III. uhFy; jpuhtpl;

IV. brsuA; fA;Fyp

A) I kl;Lk; B) I,II kw;Wk; III kl;Lk;

C) III kw;Wk; II kl;Lk; D) midj;Jk;

33. „Train 2018‟ vd;why; vd;d?

A) ne;jpahtpd; Kg;gilfspd; nuhZtg; gapw;rpj; jpl;lk;.

B) ne;jpah kw;Wk; tpal;ehkpw;F nilBaahd nuhZt Tl;Lg; gapw;rp

C) ne;jpahtpByBa jahupf;fg;gl;l kpj-cau; Btf nuapy;

D) jkpH;ehl;od; Mrpupau; gapw;rpj; jpl;lk;

34. gu;ghdp rf;jp (Parbhani Sakthi) vd;why; vd;d?

A) capu; brwpt{l;lg;gl;l Brhsk;

B) cs;ehl;ilr; rhu;e;j ePu; K}H;fpf; fg;gy;

C) ne;jpah kw;Wk; gpuhd;Rf;F nilBaahd nuhZtf; Tl;Lg;gapw;rp.

D) nsk; gHA;FoapdUf;fhd jpwikia tsu;f;Fk; jpl;lk;.

35. nirf; fHfj;jpd; rpwg;g[ thH;ehs; rhjidahsu; tpUJ ahUf;F tHA;fg;gl;lJ?

A) T.H. tpehaf; uhk; B) V. bry;t fBz&;

C) byl;Rkp ehuhaz &A;fu; D) Mde;jd; rptkzp

36. jw;rkak; ‗Bjrpa gRikj; jPu;ghaj;jpd;‘ jiytu; ahu;?

A) ePjpgjp A.K. Bfhay; B) ePjpgjp cja; yypj;

C) ePjpgjp Fupad; B$hrg; D) ePjpgjp kjd; ByhFu;


69

37. JUf;fpapd; bku;rpdpy; eilbgw;w FIG (federation International de Gymnstique) $pk;eh!;of;!;

(clw;gapw;rpf;fiy) cyf Bryq;r; Bfhg;igapy; jA;fg; gjf;fj;jpid btd;wtu; ahu;?

A) baBydh g;BuhlBdhth B) up|g;lh nu;|ghd; mYj;|gp

C) M&p&; D) jPgh fu;khfu;

38. cyf rhf;Byl;Lfs; jpdk;?

A) $Piy 1 B) $Piy 7 C) $Piy 14 D) $Piy 21

39. ru;tBjr Tl;Lwt[ mikg;g[fs; jpdk;?

A) $Piy 6 B) $Piy 8 C) $Piy 7 D) $Piy 9

40. kfhuh&;ouhtpy; $Piy 1 md;W Btshz;ik jpdk; (m) fpup&p jpd; ahUila

epidit mDrupg;gjw;fhf bfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ?

A) M.S.Rthkpehjd; B) tu;fP!; Fupad;

C) tre;jBuh ehaf; D) Re;ju;yhy; gFFzh.

41. gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; ve;j khepykhdJ ‗Bgh&d; mgpahd; vd;w jpl;lj;jpid

FHe;ijfspilBa epyt[k; Cl;lr;rj;J Fiwghl;oiz xHpg;gjw;fhf

mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ?

A) Bfhth B) #upahdh C) jpupg[uh D) F$uhj;

42. fPH;fz;ltw;Ws; rupahd bghUj;jj;ijf; fhz;f.

1) cyf tpisahl;L gj;jpupf;ifahsu; jpdk; - $Piy 05

2) cyf tpyA;FtHp Beha;fs; jpdk; - $Piy 06

A) 2 kl;Lk; B) 1 kl;Lk; C) midj;Jk; D) ntw;wpy; vJt[kpy;iy

43. jahupg;g[ trjpaikg;gpy; cyfpByBa kpfbgupa ifBgrp cw;gj;jp epiyak;

mike;Js;s nlk;?

A) ne;jpah B) bjd;bfhupah C) rPdh D) mbkupf;fh

44. fhkd;bty;j; tpisahl;Lfspd; Tl;likg;gpd; kjpg;g[kpf;f tpisahl;L tPuu;fspd;

MByhrid Mizaj;jpw;F Mrpahtpd; gpujpepjpahf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;stu; ahu;?

A) jPgh fu;khfu; B) B$h&;dh rpd;dg;gh

C) jPgpfh gy;yPfy; D) $Pthyh Fl;lh

45. 17tJ cyf rk!;fpUj khehL vA;F eilbgw;wJ?

A) mbkupf;fh B) ne;jpah C) fk;Bghoah D) fdlh


70

46. cyfpd; cau;e;j vupkiy vJ?

A) rhd; bgl;Buh B) nd;fh #Pthrp C) xB$h!; bly; ryhBlh D) rpk;BghuBrh

47. Bfhy;ld; Bkd; g[f;fu; ru;tBjr gupR-2018, ve;j nyf;fpaj;jpw;fhf tHA;fg;gl;lJ?

A) The English patient B) In the skin of Lion

C) Divisadero D) Anil‟s Ghost.

48. $hu;$pahtpy; eilbgw;w jpgpyprp fpuhz;l; gpupf;!pd; nWjpg; Bghl;oapy; vj;jid

fpByh vilg; gpuptpy; gh$;uhA; g[dpah rhk;gpad; gl;lk; btd;Ws;shu;?

A) 60 fpByh B) 65 fpByh C) 55 fpByh D) 70 fpByh

49. gl;laf; fzf;fhsu;fs; jpdk;?

A) $Piy 1 B) $dtup 1 C) $Piy 15 D) Mf!;L 1

50. ru;tBjr khA;fdpj; jpUtpHh eilbgWk; nlk;?

A) Thuzhrp B) Bryk; C) gUfU gs;sp D) g[Jbly;yp

51. ahiu bfsutpg;gjw;fhf $Piy 28 cyf kq;rs; fhkhiy jpdkhf

mDrupf;fg;gLfpwJ?

A) gU}r; gpsk;bgu;f; B) B$hd!; vl;tu;l; rhy;f;

C) Bkup fpa{up D) thy;oku; Bkhu;blf;fha; #|gPfpd;

52. gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ bghJ Ml;rp Kiwapy; mwj;jpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij

typa[Wj;JfpwJ?

A) uhg;jhu; jpl;lk; B) rj;jpaep&;fh jpl;lk;

C) buapd;Bgh jpl;lk; D) $PBdh jpl;lk;

53. AT fpau;beapd; me;epa Beuo KjyPl;od; ek;gpf;iff;fhd Fwpapl;oy; Kjyplj;jpy; cs;s

ehL vJ?

A) fdlh B) b$u;kdp C) mbkupf;fh D) ne;jpah

54. jkpHf muR brhj;J tupia mjpfg;gLj;jp gpd;du; mt;tupia Fiwj;jJ vg;BghJ

mjpfupf;fg;gl;l tupahdJ Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ?

A) 26 $Piy 2018 B) 31 $Piy 2018

C) 01 $Piy 2018 D) 15 $Piy 2018


71

55. ja; fhLfs; jpupg[, g[z;og[f;Bah jpupg[ kw;Wk; bghk;ghyp jpupg[ Mfpait

bjhlu;g[ilaJ?

A) fhyh mrhu; itu!; B) vBghyh itu!;

C) $pfh itu!; D) vr;.I.tp. itu!;

56. 2018 Mk; Mz;ow;fhd uBkhd; kfBrBr tpUJ bgw;w ne;jpau;fspd; vz;zpf;if

_______

A) xUtUk; ny;iy B) 1 C) 2 D) 3

57. gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; vJ 2018-k; Mz;ow;fhd g{kpg; guprpd; rhk;gpad; tpUij

btd;Ws;sJ?

A) bfhr;rpd; ru;tBjr tpkhd epiyak;

B) rj;ugjp rpth$p ru;tBjr tpkhd epiyak;

C) ne;jpuh fhe;jp ru;tBjr tpkhd epiyak;

D) C.N. mz;zhJiu ru;tBjr tpkhd epiyak;.

58. ‗fhe;jp: cyfj;ij khw;wpa Mz;Lfs; (1914 – 1918)‘ vd;w g[j;jfj;ij vGjpatu;

ahu;?

A) Buhkpyh jhg;gu; B) uhkr;re;jpuh F#h

C) nu;ghd; #gpg; D) tpB$e;jpu ehuhaz $h

59. ghfp!;jhd; cau;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; Kjy; bgz; jiyik ePjpgjp ahu;?

A) ePjpgjp j#puh rg;jhu; B) ePjpgjp bka;d; rhfpg; epru;

C) ePjpgjp k$pjh up!;tp D) ePjpgjp mdp&h uBrhyp

60. ne;jpahtpy; g[Jg;gpf;fj;jf;f Mw;wy; cw;gj;jpapy; Kjyplk; bgw;Ws;s khepyk; vJ?

A) Bfush B) jkpH;ehL C) fu;ehlfh D) xorh

61. ne;jpahtpy; Kjd;Kiwahf ve;j khepyk; bgz;fSf;fhf Kw;wpYk; bgz;fBs

gzpahw;Wk; tifapy; bghJj;Jiwapd; fPH; naA;Fk; cztfj;ijj; jpwe;Js;sJ?

A) fu;ehlfk; B) Bfush C) kpBrhuk; D) jpupg[uh

62. 2018-k; Mz;ow;fhd fhJ BfshjtUf;fhd kp!; Mrpah gl;lk; bgw;wtu; ahu;?

A) kpl;ly; jhf;fu; B) Bj&;dh b$apd;

C) bla;oup lt[d;!; D) el;dpr;rh bjhA;fhbrk;


72

63. 2018-Mk; Mz;oy; g{kpapd; vy;iy kPwpa jpdk; vg;BghJ mDrupf;fg;gl;lJ?

A) Mf!;l; 15 B) $Piy 15 C) $Piy 31 D) Mf!;l; 1

64. Xt;bthU Mz;Lk; fhu;fpy; tp$a; jpth!; jpdk; vj;jid ehl;fs;

bfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wd?

A) 1 ehs; B) 3 ehl;fs; C) 1 thuk; D) 15 ehl;fs;

65. gpr; gpshf; (PB – 18) vd;why; vd;d?

A) IIT – M My; totikf;fg;gl;l cyfpd; kpf nUz;l bghUs;

B) fha;fwpfspypUe;J vLf;fg;gl;l naw;if rhak;

C) M!;jpBuypahtpy; eilbgw;w gd;dhl;L Bghu;r;bray; gapw;rp

D) DRDO – My; totikf;fg;gl;l g[yg;glh thJhu;jp

66. ruf;F kw;Wk; Brit tupapypUe;J tpyf;F bgw;w bghUl;fs; ahit?

I) khjtplha; Jzpfs;

II) brwpt{l;lg;gl;l ghy;

III) ifapdhy; bra;ag;gl;l tpsf;Ffs;

IV) kdpjd; cl;bfhs;Sk; rhuhak;

A) I kl;Lk; B) IV kl;Lk; C) I,II kw;Wk; IV kl;Lk; D) midj;Jk;

67. 2017-k; Mz;ow;fhd AIFF- d; bgz; tpisahl;L tPuuhf Bju;e;bjLf;fg;gl;Ls;stu;

ahu;?

A) Xa;ehk; bgk;bgk; Bjtp B) fkyhBjtp a[k;ehk;

C) eA;Bfhk; ghyh Bjtp D) mjpjp rt;fhd;

68. bghJ tptfhuA;fs; 2018-y; ne;jpahtpy; rpwg;ghf Ml;rp g[upe;j khepyj;jpw;fhd

jutupirapy; jkpH;ehL vj;jidahtJ nlj;jpy; cs;sJ?

A) KjyhtJ B) nuz;lhtJ C) K}d;whtJ D) ehd;fhtJ

69. bghJ tptfhuA;fs; FwpaPL 2018-y; FHe;ijfSf;F thH;tjw;fhd R{H;epiyfis

tHA;Ftjpy;‘ne;jpahtpd; FHe;ijfs;‘ gpuptpy; Kjypy; cs;s khepyk; vJ?

A) bjYA;fhdh B) F$uhj; C) jkpH;ehL D) Bfush

70. gpk;!;blf;fpw;F jw;bghGJ jiyik tfpf;Fk; ehL vJ?

A) nyA;if B) ne;jpah C) Beghsk; D) jha;yhe;J

71. rpWg[s;sp (Microdot) bjhHpy;El;gk; vd;why; vd;d?

A) g[yg;glh tpkhdA;fisj; jahupf;fg; gad;gLk; kPj;Jfs;fSld; Toa rhak;


73

B) milahs g[w;WBeha; ikaj;jpdhy; cUthf;fg;gl;l g[w;WBeha; kUj;Jt

bjhHpy;El;gk;.

C) thfdj; jpUl;il Fiwg;gjw;fhd bjhHpy;El;gk;

D) IIT-M kpdhy; totikf;fg;gl;l fhJ Bfl;f cjt[k; fUtp

72. gHA;Foapd epyg;gl Vl;il Kjd; Kjypy; btspapl;Ls;s khepyk; vJ?

A) kj;jpag; gpuBjrk; B) ehfhyhe;J

C) kzpg;g{u; D) xorh

73. rkPgj;jpy; bra;jpfspy; btspahd ‗rgu;‘(SAFAR) vd;gJ ______

A) cs;ehl;oByBa jahupf;fg;gl;l Mspy;yh thd;tHp thfdk;.

B) bgz;fs; Bkk;ghl;ow;fhd kj;jpa murpd; jpl;lk;

C) fhw;wpd; juk; kw;Wk; thdpiy Kd;dwptpg;g[ mikg;g[

D) g[jpjhf cUthf;fg;gl;l g{r;rpf;bfhy;yp vjpu;g;g[ BfhJik tif.

74. Bghu;g;!; gl;oay;go cyfpd; mjpf rk;gsk; bgWk; eofu; ahu;?

A) litd; $hd;rd; B) uhgu;l; lt;dp JO

C) bgdpof;l; Tk;gu;pBgl;r; D) rl;tpf; Bgh!;Bkd;

75. cyf moikfs; FwpaPL 2018-d; go mjpf etPd moikfs; cs;s ehL vJ?

A) ne;jpah B) rPdh C) tl bfhupah D) jha;yhe;J

76. ne;BjhBdrpaj; JiwKfj;jpw;Fs; Kjd; Kjyhf EiHe;j ne;jpaf; flw;gilapd;

Bghu;f;fg;gy; vJ?

A) INS ru;a{ B) INS RBkuh C) INS Rkpj;uh D) INS Rdd;ah

77. cyf g[j;jhf;f FwpaPL (Global Innovation Index) gw;wpa rupahd Tw;Wfisj; Bju;t[

bra;f.

I. GII cyfj; jutupiria cyf mwpt[rhu; brhj;Jupik epWtdk; (WIPO)

btspapLfpwJ.

II. kj;jpa kw;Wk; bjd; Mrpag; gpuhe;jpaA;fspy; ne;jpah jdJ Kjy; nlj;ij jf;f

itj;Jf; bfhz;Ls;sJ.

A) I kl;Lk; B) II kl;Lk; C) I kw;Wk; II D) nuz;Lkpy;iy

78. fPH;f;fz;l khepyA;fspDs;, cyf tA;fpahYk; bjhHpy; bfhs;if kw;Wk;

Bkk;ghl;ow;fhdj; JiwahYk; nize;J (DIPP) btspaplg;gLk; tzpfk; bra;tjiy

vspikahf;Fjy; FwpaPl;oy;, ve;j khepyk; Kjy; nlj;ijg; bgw;wJ?

A) jkpH;ehL B) Me;jpug;gpuBjrk; C) kfhuh&;ouh D) gPfhu;


74

79. ne;jpag; bghUshjhuj;ijg; gw;wpa rupahd Tw;Wfisj; Bju;t[ bra;f.

I. ne;jpah bkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp mog;gilapy; gpuhd;i! tPH;j;jp cyfpd;

6tJ bgupa bghUshjhukhf cUbtLj;Js;sJ.

II. ne;jpahtpd; jdpegu; tUkhdk; gpuhd;i! tpl mjpfkhFk;.

A) I kl;Lk; B) II kl;Lk; C) I kw;Wk; II D) nuz;Lkpy;iy.

80. fPH;f;fz;l FGf;fspy;, ve;jf; FGthdJ g[jpa fy;tpf; bfhs;if;fhd tiut[

mwpf;ifia jahupg;gjw;fhf mikf;fg;gl;lJ?

A) cBk&; rpd;fh FG B) Bfhghyrhkp FG

C) f!;Jhup uA;fd; FG D) ehdhtjp -&h FG

81. bkogpf;!; vd;why; vd;d?

A) g[w;WBehia Kd;Tl;oBa mwptjw;fhd fz;lwpa[k; bjhHpy;El;gk;

B) tz;z X – fjpu;tPr;Rf;fhd Jfs;fisf; fz;lwpa[k; bjhHpy;El;gk;

C) CRISPRy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; kugZ jpUj;J bjhHpy;El;gk;

D) fhrBeha;f;fhd mog;gil K}yf;TW kUe;Jfs; (Generic Medicine)

82. gd;dhl;L naw;if ghJfhg;g[r; rA;fj;jpDila mr;RWj;jg;gLk; ndj;jpw;fhd

rptg;g[g; gl;oayhdJ ePyfpup tiuahl;il vt;thW tifg;gLj;JfpwJ?

A) cau; mr;RWj;jy; bfhz;lJ

B) mr;RWj;jy; bfhz;lJ

C) mHpa[e; jUthapy; cs;sJ

D) Fiwe;jgl;r ftiy epiyiaf; bfhz;lJ.

83. fPH;f;fz;l khepyA;fSs;, Btiyfisr; rupahfr; bra;ahky; g[wf;fzpf;Fk; 50 tajpw;F

Bkw;gl;l CHpau;fSf;F fl;lha Xa;t[ mspg;gbjd, ve;j khepyk; Kd;bkhHpe;jJ?

A) g[Jjpy;yp B) cj;jpug;gpuBjrk; C) jkpH;ehL D) fu;ehlfh

84. fPH;f;fz;l khepyA;fspDs;, ve;j khepyk;, mk;khepyj;jpd; midj;Jf; filfs; kw;Wk;

tzpf tshfA;fspy; cs;s tpsk;gug; gyiffis mk;khepy bkhHppByBa

fhl;rpg;gLj;JtJ fl;lhak; vd;W mwptpj;Js;sJ?

A) mrhk; B) F$uhj; C) xorh D) uh$!;jhd;

85. gs;spf; FHe;ijfspd; kj;jpapy; MA;fpyj;ij Cf;fg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ―ehd;

MA;fpyj;ijf; fz;L gag;gltpy;iy‖ vd;w gpur;rhu Kd;bdLg;ig, fPH;f;fz;l

khepyA;fSs; ve;j khepyk; mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ?

A) gq;rhg; B) $hu;f;fz;l; C) xorh D) #upahdh


75

86. ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; FWfpa nuapy; ghij vJ?

A) Bruhz;lh - Bkhl;o fhuy;

B) gpujhg; efu; - $k;g[ru;

C) gpy;Bkhuh - thif

D) jBgha; - kpahfk;

87. jkpH;ehl;od; ve;j khtl;lk; g[ij capupg; got mUA;fhl;rpafj;ijf; bfhz;Ls;sJ?

A) mupaYhu; B) fU}u; C) ehfg;gl;odk; D) bguk;gYhu;

88. fPH;f;fz;l ehLfspy;, mjpjpwd; bfhz;lthbdhyp mjpu;btz; bjhiyBehf;fpahd fU}

mBu bjhiyBehf;fpia, ve;j ehL fl;likj;Js;sJ?

A) gpuhd;!; B) ne;jpah C) FBuh&pah D) bjd; Mg;gpupf;fh

89. 2018 Mk; Mz;ow;fhd tpk;gps;ld; kfspu; xw;iwau; gl;lj;ij ahu; btd;whu;?

A) Brupdh tpy;ypak;!; B) tPd!; tpy;ypak;!;

C) kord; fP!; D) Vq;rypf; bfu;gu;

90. ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; i#gu;fhiu fPH;f;fz;ltw;Ws; ve;j thfdj; jahupg;ghsu;

Kd;bkhHpe;jpUf;fpwhu;?

A) k#pe;jpuh B) #pe;J!;jhd; Bkhl;lhu;!;

C) lhlh Bkhl;lhu;!; D) trpuhzp Ml;BlhBkhot;

91. FIFA 2018 Mk; Mz;ow;fhd cyff; Bfhg;ig fhy;ge;J Bghl;oapy; jA;fg; ge;ij

btd;wJ ahu;?

A) ypBahdy; bk!;rp B) fpwp!;oahBdh buhdhy;Blh

C) Yfh Bkhl;upf; D) njpy; VJk;kpy;iy

92. fy;tp tsu;r;rp ehis jkpH;ehL vg;BghjpypUe;J mDrupf;fj; bjhlA;fpaJ?

A) 2006 B) 2007 C) 2010 D) 2017

93. gpd;tUk; ehLfspy;, ve;j ehL jdJ Fokf;fs; vt;tpj kUj;Jt mwpf;ifa[k; ny;yhky;

mtu;fsJ ghypdj;ij khw;wpf; bfhs;s mDkjpf;Fk; rl;lj;ij rkPgj;jpy;

mA;fPfupj;jJ?

A) ne;BjhBdrpah B) $g;ghd;

C) Bghu;r;Rfy; D) fpuP!;


76

94. gpd;tUk; khepyA;fspy; ve;j khepyk; GST- apd; fPH; jdpegu; tUtha; tR{ypy;

Kjyplj;ijg; bgw;wJ?

A) jkpH;ehL B) cj;jufhz;l; C) #upahdh D) fu;ehlfh

95. fPH;f;fz;l ne;jpa fpupf;bfl; tPuu;fspy; ru;tBjr xUehs; Bghl;oapy; 10,000f;Fk;

mjpfkhd Xl;lA;fis vLj;j tPuu;fs; ahu;?

I) rr;rpd; blz;Ly;fu;

II) tpuhj; bfhyp

III) uhFy; ouhtpl;

IV) kB#e;jpurpA; Bjhdp

A) I kw;Wk; IV kl;Lk; B) I kw;Wk; II kl;Lk;

C) I,III kw;Wk; Iv kl;Lk; D) Bkw;fz;l midj;Jk;

96. gpd;tUk; ehLfspy;, cyf RA;f tup mikg;gpd; Mrpa grpgpf; gpuhe;jpaj;jpDila

gpuhe;jpaj; jiyikahf ve;j ehL Bju;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ?

A) ghfp!;jhd; B) nyA;if C) jha;yhe;J D) ne;jpah

97. gpd;tUk; ehLfspy;, If;fpa ehLfspd; kdpj cupik rigapy;, mbkupf;fhtpw;Fg; gjpy;

ve;j ehL nlk; bgw cs;sJ?

A) fpuPd;yhe;J B) rPdh C) I!;yhe;J D) Rtpl;ru;yhe;J

98. gpd;tUk; ne;jpa khepyA;fspy;, ve;j khepyk; cyfpByBa kypt[ tpiyapyhd FoePiu

tHA;FfpwJ?

A) jkpH;ehL B) fu;ehlfh C) gPfhu; D) cj;jufhz;l;

99. 2018 Mk; Mz;ow;fhd nirr; rA;fj;jpd; rA;fPj fyhepjp tpUijg; bgw;wtu; ahu;?

A) mUzh rha;uhk; B) utp fpuz;

C) jdq;b$ad; D) T.H. tpehaf; uhk;.

100. gpd;tUk; tpisahl;L tPuu;fspy; bld;dp!; Bghl;ofspy; Mltu; fpuhz;l; !;yhk;

gl;lj;ij mjpfKiw btd;w tpisahl;L tPuu; ahu;?

A) Buh$u; |bgluu; B) u|Bgy; elhy;

C) rk;g;uh!; D) Behthf; B$hf;Bftpf;


77

KEY ANSKEYS:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

A B A D D A C A C A D C A A A D B D C D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

B A D C A D D A A B A B C A A A D B C C

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

D A A C D C A B A D A B C A B C A B A D

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

D B D B C C B B D C C D C A C C C B A C

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

B B B C D D A D D D C A C C C D C C A A

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The Above Mentioned Topic & Contents are

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to the copyright Acts.


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