By Vivien Su, Jennifer Luo, Samuel Zhang, Daniel Zeng, & Andrew

Smith

Each of our group members did five of the twenty five words. They go in this order.

Andrew Daniel Vivien Jennifer Samuel

Word Origin: Latin Extravagant: Spending much more than is necessary Adjective Form: Extravagant Noun Form: Extravagantness Adverb Form: Extravagantly Synonym: Wasteful, Costly Antonym: Reasonable, Saving Prefix: extra- to wander Root: vague- excessive, extreme Sentence: The extravagant movie star spent five thousand

dollars on a pair of shoes.

Word Origin: Latin Insubstantial: Not solid or firm Adjective Form: Insubstantial Noun Form: Insubstantiality Verb Form: Insubstantially Synonym: Fragile, Frail Antonym: Real, Strong Prefix: in- not without Root: sub- under, lower than Suffix: al- connected with Sentence: The insubstantial house collapsed during the

storm because it was poorly constructed.

Word Origin: Latin Lethargy: The quality or state of being drowsy and dull Adjective Form: Lethargic Noun Form: Lethargy Adverb Form: Lethargically Synonym: Laziness, Disinterest Antonym: Energy, Liveliness Sentence: Lethargy is a characteristic that many spoiled

children possess.

Word Origin: Middle English Perplexed: Confuse, Bewildered Adjective Form: Perplexed Noun Form: Perplexities Adverb Form: Perplexedly Synonym: Astonish, Confound Antonym: Clarify, Explain Prefix: per- through, during Sentence: He was perplexed by his straight “A” report

card.

Word Origin: Middle English Understatement: Restrained Statement Noun Form: Understatement Synonym: Distortion, Sarcasm Antonym: Exaggeration, Overstatement Prefix: un- not, opposite Root: sta- stand

Word Origin - Latin Meaning - to give a new and typically exalted or spiritual

appearance to : transform outwardly and usually for the better

Synonym: Metamorphose Antonym: Maintain Root, Prefix, Suffix Root: figure – to form, fashion Prefix: trans - across Sentence: The magician transfigured the bag of potato

chips into a bag of poker chips. Verb: Transfiguring Adjective: Transfigured

Word Origin - Middle English  Meaning - to evaluate the worth, significance, or status

of; especially Synonym: Judge Root: pretium – worth, value Prefix: ad – near, to Suffix: er – person Sentence: The appraiser determined the value of the

diamond, and said it was worth nothing. Noun: Appraiser Verb: Appraise Adjective: Appraised

Word Origin - Medieval Latin Meaning - manifesting, feeling, or expressing deep hatred

or disapproval Synonym: Scornful Antonyms: Admiring Sentence: Louie was contemptuous of the results of his

test scores. Root: temnere – to slight, scorn Prefix: con –with Adjective: Contemptuous

Word Origin – English Meaning – adept in the use of subtlety and cunning Synonym: Beguiling Antonyms: Artless Root: craft- power, talent, might Suffix: y – full of or characterized by Sentence: The crafty seller accused the innocent citizen

for stealing his vegetables. Noun: Craftier Verb: Crafting Adjective: Crafty

Verb: Entrancing Adjective: Entranced Word Origin – English Meaning – to put into a trance Synonym: carry away Antonyms: discharge Root: trance - a dazed, half-conscious condition Prefix: en – put in Suffix: ed – past tense Sentence: The half-dazed chicken was entranced by the

cunning magician.

Verb form: almsgiving-to benefit Noun form: almsgiving-voluntary contributions to aid the

poor (used more commonly) Synonyms: assistance, donation, offering, contribution Root: alms- something (as money or food) given freely to

relieve the poor Sentence: My religion places great weight in almsgiving,

and whenever I see a beggar on the street I offer them a large number of food and money.

Antonyms: stealing, taking Word Origins:

ælmesse from Old English alemosna from Proto-Germanic eleemosyne from Greek, meaning “pity, or mercy”

Verb form: consecrated-to be sacred, hallowed or sainted Adjective form: consecrated-being sacred, hallowed, holy,

sainted or sacramental OR consecrative OR consecratory Noun form: consecrator Synonyms: devote, sacred, holy Antonyms: desacralize, desanctify Word Origin: from Latin consecratus, meaning to make

holy or devote Root: secr-sacred or holy Prefix: con-with, jointly, completely Suffix: ate-to make Sentence: The priest consecrated the bread and water.

Noun form: consequence Adjective form: consequent OR consequential Synonyms: accordingly, therefore, ergo Root: sequ-follow Prefix: con-with, jointly, completely Suffix: -ly-in what manner Sentence: Jack did not study for his science test,

consequently, he will not do well. Word Origins

1. From French conséquent, meaning “following, resulting”

2. From Latin consequentem

Noun form: curtness Adjective form: curt Synonyms: briefly, compactly, concisely Antonyms: redundantly, wordily Root: cur-run Suffix: -ly-in what manner Sentence: The teacher curtly demanded Jesse to be quiet. Word Origins

1. From Latin curtus, meaning “short, shortened, incomplete”

2. From Icelandic korta

3. From German kurz

Noun form: dissembler Adverb form: dissemblingly Synonyms: deception, dishonesty, fraud Antonyms: reliable, frankness Sentence: She was dissembling her son’s crib to pack into

their luggage.

Prefix: dis-negation, removal, expulsion Suffix: -ing-activity Word Origins

1. From Middle English dissimule

2. From Old French dissimuler

3. From Latin dissimulare

Noun: Essence Synonym-being, nature, substance Antonym- none Latin: essentia, “to be“ Root- esse: to be The essence of the tree was very noticeable.

Adjective: Furtive Noun: Furtiveness Adverb: Furtively Synonym-sly secret, hidden Antonym- open, public, undisguised Latin: furtivus, “theft“ Root- fur-: thief Sentence: He shot us a furtive glance across the room.

Adjective: Inaudible Noun: Inaudibility Adverb: Inaudibly Synonym- mute Antonym- audible, hearable Latin: inaudiblilis, “not hearable“ Root- audible: hear Prefix- in: not Sentence: The teacher makes the students repeat again if

their voice is nearly inaudible.

Adjective: Involuntary Noun: Involuntariness Adverb: Involuntarily Synonym- unwilling Antonym- voluntary Latin: involuntarius, “not voluntary” Root- voluntary:willing Prefix- in: not He involuntarily went and took the garbage out.

Adjective-Judicious Adverb-Judiciously Synonym-Intelligent; Judgmatic; Prudent Antonym-Imprudent; Indiscreet; Injudicious Latin word-Judiciem , “judgment, sentence, verdict; trial, legal

action, process” Root-Judge: to form an opinion/conclusion through reasoning and

information Prefix- Jud: law; having to do with judges or courts of law Suffix-cious: full of Sentence: A client wants a judicious lawyer in court.

Verb - Merge Root: merge: dip Suffix: ed: past tense Etymology: Latin Synonym: combine Antonym: separate Sentence: The roads merged into one.

Verb: project Noun: project Prefix: pro: forward Root: ject: throw Etymology: Latin Synonym: pitch Antonym: keep Sentence: The catapult projected rocks over the wall.

Adjective: Shrill Verb: Shrilled Root: shrill Etymology: Old World Synonym: sharp Antonym: low Sentence: Small animals often make shrill noises.

Noun: Speculation Verb: Speculate Root: spec: look Suffix: cule: diminutive Suffix: ate: state of Etymology: Latin Synonym: brainstorm Antonym: ignore Sentence: Nerds always speculate whatever that gets

under his eyes.

Verb: Subjugating Noun: Subjugation Prefix: sub: under Root: jugat: yoke Suffix: tion: state Etymology: Latin Synonym: failure Antonym: success Sentence: The defeated soldiers were under subjugation.

Sources:http://www.etymonline.com

http://www.myetymology.comhttp://www.merriam-webster.com

http://dictionary.reference.com