3.6. XC NH CA CN MASS v cc b phn TIN Palng Cng vic ca cc c ch nng c kt ni vi cc chuyn ng ca i cabin thang my, trng lng, ko dy v cp treo. Lm vic vt qua lc lng ca lc hp dn di chuyn cc b phn c th l ng k gim nu tn cng mt s cn bng ca cc lc lng ca lc hp dn tc ng ln kanatovedu schy c th ti t cabin v i trng. K t khi ti trng trong bung li vn khng i, tng s cabin vi mt cn bng ti c hu nh b loi. Nu lc hp dn xy dng cc cabin c th c b p bng cch s dng mt i trng, hng ha trong bung li - ch mt phn. Trong cc v tr cc ca cabin l khng cn bng v trng lc lc ko dy thng [2, 3, 52]. nh hng ca cp khng cn bng tr nn rt s thy khi mt lng ln nng chiu cao ca thang my. Vai tr chnh trong s cn bng phn i. Vi mt cht nng chiu cao ca khi lng i trng c la chn t cc trim cab v cc gi tr trung bnh ca khi lng ca ti trng. N cung cp gim ng k ti KVSH huyn v nng lng a cn thit ti. Vi mt chiu cao nng ca cab hn 45 mt phi xem xt sc mnh tc ng khng cn bng trng lng ca nhng si dy thng ko v c s dng cho cn bng cn bng cc yu t linh hot hn trong cc hnh thc ca chui cn bng dy thng. Xc nh khi lng ca i trng i hi phi xc nh trc khi khi lng thang my cho cc ngun d liu hoc cc mi quan h gn ng, thit lp mi quan h gia din tch b mt v khi lng ca cabin [3]. Trng lng ca thang my sn xut trong nc cabin c khong xc nh cc mi quan h sau y: (3,73). thang my bnh vin - h s ca bung li cn bng ti danh ngha, 0 - khi lng hng ha, kg.

59 H s c xc nh t phng trnh cn bng Qun KVSH ti khi nng cab cht y t tng u tin v gim cc cabin trng rng, vi sau ny. KVSH chu cng thng: khi nng mt chic xe vn ti hng ha t cc tng thp hn L = (e + e ^ + e-ETA) ^ w-\ o.75) c sn phm no trong gc t cabin tng trn L = (e "+ e -e) - * S-3 (sch Tng ng ti huyn / = P, v th hin t l khi lng ca i thng qua cc (3,73), chng ti c c h s cn bng = 0,5.(3,77) Khi c s dng nh l mt cn bng linh hot ca thp dy thng, mt ci h trn ng ray dc ci t tensioner thit b loi b si dy thng xon. Thit b ko c kim sot hn ch chuyn i, v hiu ha cc dy ti v qu nhiu hoc li n trong nhng hng dn. Cn bng mch khng i hi mt tensioner. gim ting n thng qua cc lin kt trong chui b qua si dy gai du. Mch cn bng c s dng tc khng hn cabin 1,4 m / s. tc cao, dy thng cn bng c s dng. Trong mch hin th ris.3.24 s cn bng dy ko, c s dng trong c hai h thng treo cab trc tip v polispastnoy (s d). Cc biu cc k hiu sau y: K - cabin; P - Ngc li, mt my tnh b treo cp, CA - cn bng mch; CC - cn bng dy thng, OH - tensioner thit b; W - ti. Tp. d/J pi \ V 1) L r \ r \ w-nk 01g '"0 1 th, -0 PC k-l PC th to-w k_ / Hnh 3,2 4.Cn bng cc chng trnh lc ko dy

a) cab - Ngc li vi chui; b) cab - tri ngc vi nhng si dy thng thit b, c) cab m, d) tng phn m n-th c xc nh trc khi lng ca 1 mt v cp treo si dy thng ko da trn s lng chi nhnh song song: khi lng ca 1 mt dy ko DTC = gk-t, kg / m (3,78) khi lng ca 1 mt cp treo DIC DIC [ / IEC DCA - trng lng chi nhnh ca 1 mt dy ko, kg / m yapk1 khi lng 1 mt trn cp treo, kg / m, m, mk - s chi nhnh song song ca cc si dy ko v s cp trn cao. Xem xt cc phng n cn bng h thng tm phn i cn bng chui (ris.3.24a). 60 Hy xem xt iu kin cn bng khi cabin v i trng l gia ti. Ti cabin hon ton l s cn bng i trng. i vi n gin ha chiu cao ca chic xe v i chp nhn cng kch thc. T iu kin cn bng vi trc KVSH, c tnh n chiu di ca cp treo bung li, chng ti c c e-* w * = 3-1o-3-(e "+ p + e +?"k) Ole) hoc, sau khi chuyn i 4 H / 4 chiu di ca cp treo, lc lng ca lc hp dn c gn vo cabin. Nu cabin tng ln n cao ca A, s hnh ng i trng vi sc mnh ca mc nghim trng ca khi lng ca si dy thng ko, m l bng 2A 4 - (7 " (3,145) (3,146) (3,147) (3,148) ni / = 1, D0 - s ca ch hin hnh ca thang my, R = \ / i] - yu t k ton v hiu qu ca 1 ch hp s 6, R = r / 0 - cng mt t l ch 7-10, t, t] 0 - v pha trc v li cho hiu qu lm vic tc cao. 6) Tnh ton cc gi tr iu chnh thi im gim qun tnh ca mt h thng ng li xe trong 10 ch 'Vi / = P + / M + / pc + A, /. (3-149) ni / p / m / m / m, thi im ca qun tnh ca bnh xe, ng c ly hp, ch o, v gim thi im qun tnh ca chuyn ng tnh tin ca qun chng trong ch / th / '= 1 * 10 s serial ca ch hin ti ca hot ng thang my. 7) tnh ton ca cc gia tc lc bt u, ti to nng lng phanh, bn ven bin v c kh c ch. nhanh hn bt u-up trong qu trnh i ln (ch 1 n 6) v gim (7-10), khng cn bng Vn chuyn hng ha mt m-"

2 - / s ^ "^ p ; M/s2 (3,150) Mige - hin ang tha cn khi bt u, Nm. Tng tc ca ti to phanh trong qu trnh i ln (ch 1 n 6) v b qua (7-10), khng cn bng ti D-M " 2-/sGS/p-Ur , M/s2 (3,151) Miep, nu c ti thi im phanh ti to d tha, Nm nhanh hn-off sau khi cun dy stato cho tc thp tng v gim ti khng cn bng (ch 1 n 10) 1 m1 ng 1n-ia? , M/s2 (3,152) 76 M ^ - cho n thi im trc ng c ca lc lng khng bn ngoi trong th / ch bn ven bin (ng c tt v phanh khng c thi gian tham gia), Nm. Gi tr ca thi im gim bn ven bin c cho bi khi nng Mc = WP1 - ]u, (3,153) hu du ca M * = Ry - t] u, Pm, MS) - trong lc lng chu vi, th ch tng v gim cab, kN; ?]mp, m] c th i v nhn v hiu qu tc thp. S tng tc ca phanh c kh khi leo ni (ch 1 n 6) v b qua (7-10), khng cn bng ti Sng. MT M1) * ^ Cl "l v p Mt tnh Nm m-men xon phanh cho thi im ca cc in tr bn ngoi ln tng t nh ca freewheel. 8) tnh h s t l si dy thng cng thng nng ng xe v nh ch i trng A = 8 + a'tt, (3,155) 8 ~ U ti a mt ti a tc ti a ca 4 gi tr / ch m/s2, 8 = 9,81 m/s2 - gia tc ri t do. Gi tr ca A, l cn thit cho tnh ton ca in lc ko v h s c nhn rnh thit lp vnh KVSH. 9) Vic tnh ton chnh xc ca dng taxi Dng chnh xc, nh trn, c xc nh bi mt bn

ng phanh khi di chuyn theo mt hng, nng tru v khng ti cab. Khong cch dng li c xc nh t thi im bo ng chnh xc dng v bao gm cc ng chy v cch phanh c kh. Tnh ton c thc hin ti tc thp dng xe taxi. T l thp chic xe dng li ch '/ c xc nh bi cc tuyn tnh phn ca cc c tnh c hc ca tc thp \ R1 60-yn ^ p (- \ M y0m \ l0m "nm / 77 v MNY (3,156) l0m, LUM - rotor ng b v nh gi cao tc thp tc , rev / min, A / nm nh gi cao m-men xon trn trc ca ng c thp Nm tc , M *, gim thi im ca cuc khng chin bn ngoi ch / th Dng xe, Nm. 77 Khong cch phanh ton trong xe hi ( ly ti khon ca con ng chy A/ (R \ (y V 0,1 T a ^ 'c.PA) "*" AB1 "/ M | '(3,157) 2 Oz / trong thi gian bng thi gian ca ng dng phanh, c xc nh trong danh mc thang my vn thng phanh, c '+' xung "," tng ln. chnh xc ca bung li ngn chn tt c 10 ch ca thang my c xc nh bi c tnh n hng ca cabin v khi ng. Khi nng cab dng c ch cch trng cab y khong cch dng c tr ti cng mt iu chnh v tr. Khi h thp cab khong cch phanh xe vn ti hng ha tr cch trng. Nhng nhn xt ny c phn nh trong nhng iu sau y cc ng cong tnh ton xc nh tnh chnh xc ca im dng: Phng thc nng ti khng cn bng (3,158) A. - , D 2 = ^; D s = ^; D 4 = ^ 1, D 5 = ^; D6 = ^ _ A. ' Phng thc gim ti khng cn bng (3,159) A 7. ^ A, D 8 = ^ 1 D 9 = ^ 1 D, 0 = ^ A. 7 2 2 2 2

10) tnh ton ca in lc ko v h tr ca cc hnh dng mt ct ngang ng rnh KVSH rim. Chi tit phng php tnh ton ca giai on ny c coi l trn trong phn trn l thuyt ca KVSH (3.3). 78 Chng 4 Cabin 4.1. MC CH V LIFT cabin THIT B Chic xe c gi l mt ti mang khp kn thit b c thit k cho vic vn chuyn hnh khch v hng ha. Thang my c th c trang b vi khng-i-qua, v khoang hnh, ty thuc vo quy hoch v s dng thch hp ca ta nh hoc cu trc. Checkpoint cabin c phn bit bi hai kha ca ra vo, t trn cc cnh i din ca n, hoc mt gc nht nh. Cabin khng th i qua c trang b ch vi mt ca (khng k cc ca khn cp cho qu trnh chuyn i t bung li ca mt thang my khc, c t trong mt m). Thit k bung li v ci t n trong in thoi v cc thit b p ng cc yu cu v an ton, iu kin thoi mi ca giao thng vn ti hnh khch v chu la. Cabin thit b phi thp trong mt lot cc rung ng tn s. Gia cp treo v khung, gia khung v ngn cab phi b gim chn ci t gim ting n v rung ng, phn phi t winch trn nhng si dy thng trong cabin ni tht. Cc tc dng ph ca rung ng trn c th con ngi ph thuc vo tn s v bin ca dao ng. Cho php bin dao ng trong xe khng c vt qu cc gi tr sau [2]: bin , mm tn s dao ng trong Hz 0,1-0,2 3-5 0,005 16 0,003 32 Cc yu cu c bn cho vic thit k cabin thang my c phn nh trong mc 5.5 PUBEL [44].

Cc c s ca thit k xe taxi mang theo mt khung kim loi, c s dng mt thit b gi l nh ch, an ton kt ni lc ko dy ti cu. Khung hnh vi i giy trt hoc con ln c tp trung vo nhng kh khn hng dn, khng bao gm cc dao ng ngang c th nhn thy bung li v m bo bt bin ca khong cch gia chuyn ng v vn phng phm cc b phn ca thang my m. di cng hoc trn cng ca khung hnh, trong vng ln cn ngay lp tc ca giy, bt c gn kt, mt trn mi bn ca chic taxi. Catchers, v t ng c ch tng i cab mt ti liu hng dn giao thng khn cp tng tc mt cch an ton t chc Sau khi ch o ca mnh ngn chn. di cng ca khung cabin nn c h tr mnh m b mt cn thit cho tng tc vi nhng im dng hoc b m trong pit Tnh c thng qua cabin thp hn ca cc trang web ch. 79 Trong khung cng nhc hoc thng qua cc b gim chn c ci t ngn cab. Sn Cabin c kt ni mt cch cng nhc vi vic xy dng ca cc khoang hng ha hoc nn tng l ti thit b iu khin gn trn khung ca khung. Mt trc ca chic coupe c trang b vi cnh ca closable thit k khc nhau vi cc thit b ngn chn kh nng chuyn ng trong bung li m cnh. Nu c ca t ng ca a c ci t trn mt c bit khung lin kt vi cc cu trc mi chuyn i (ngn np), trong thng c gn c nh. Bn trong cabin l cc n t hng n v hnh khch, thit b hin th v mt h thng thng tin lin lc vi dch v chuyn. Coupe ni tht hon thin nn xem xt b nhim thang my v c th dn s ngi s dng c th. Nh vy, trong nh tp th u tin nn l k ph hoi bng chng gii php v thc t hn thit k ni tht. Hnh 4.1 cho thy thit k ca cabin hnh khch nng burton Noah v h thng treo kim loi coupe thit k, cc bc tng bn trong c thu thp ca profiled thp tm mng.

Hnh 4,1. Cab thang my hnh khch vi mt chic coupe kt cu kim loi 1 - kim loi khung cabin, 2 - giy 3 - khi polispastnoy cc nh ch, 4 li xe ca t ng, 5 - chm ca cabin, b - l, 7 - PV kim sot h thng c mt hnh khch trong ca, 8 - ngng ca, 9, 10 bt, 10 - profiled thp tm ngn tng, 12 - nh gi cc im dng chnh xc Cabin 13 - shunt cm bin chm tr, 14 - n v kim sot ti cabin 15 - n 16 - trn (cap) Coupe 80 Khun kh bao gm mt cabin ca khung hnh theo chiu dc v ngang, thit lp thit k cc khoang. Kim loi coupe i ng thit k l mt gii php y ha hn phn nh quc gia v kinh nghim quc t. Vic s dng cc tm mng H s thp ci thin sc khng sn xut c la, coupe thit k vi mt s gim nh ca vt liu. Nng cao sc khng chy ca ca thc y vic s dng c bit xy dng vi mt ph la cng v sn cc bc tng ngn chu nhit du bng. Cnh tranh trong th trng cc sn phm thang my, mong mun gim chi ph v ci thin sn xut c thit k dn n ty chn khc nhau thit k cabin. Nhng thay i nh hng n khng ch s xut hin v c tnh ca kt thc. ng ch thay i thit k khung chu lc. Trong mt s trng hp, thay v cc tia thp hn truyn thng c s dng hng ha Nn tng hp ging nh cu trc lin kt vi cc tia trn dc hoc xu hng ng. Xu hng lp t k v s hin din ca mt cng nhc nn tng thit k loi b s cn thit phi ning rng cho su gian hng. i mt vi chic coupe c lm bng cc tm thp mng profiled vi bn cao v ph hoi trng, p ng cc yu cu la an ninh. Mt v d v gii php nh vy c th phc v nh thit k gian hng Cng ty Otis, s trnh by trong hnh 4.2. Chng trnh ny cung cp cho mt tng v tnh nng lp rp thit k khung chu ti v ngn bn phi ca bung li tm hnh mng vch. Mt tnh nng c bit ny gii php l vic thiu truyn thng cabin thp hn khung dm v thay th

hng ha ging hp hn xy dng. Fig.4.2. n thit k v xy dng coupe cab cng ty Otis 1.9 - ti nn tng, 2 - dc gi khung cabin, ba trn, 4 - trn chm khung, 5 - mt bn, b - ngn bc tng pha sau, 7 - Thit k mng Bng iu khin 8 - bolting bng iu khin vi cc nn tng 81 kt ni vi ba ngn trn vi mt nn tng c thnh lp bi mt bn gc bng iu khin 5 v bc tng pha sau 6.Sau , tip tc ci t v bolt sa cha hng ro cn li tm coupe. Cc tm c ni li vi nhau bu lng 10, v kh tip cn ni - c bit ma xun-np kp, c chn vo cc bng l hnh bu dc. Thit k ca bng 7 to iu kin cho rt nhiu qu trnh ngn lp rp v cung cp cng vi mt khi lng nh. Che chn thit k vi khoang cabin ca tm vn dm, c s dng rng ri cho n gn y, khng p ng cc yu cu khng chy v ph hoi khng, STI c bblshuyu trng lng v cng ngh lp rp cao [11]. Hin nay, c mt qu trnh chuyn i n nh cho mt cu kin c sn cu trc t cc tm mng t v kt hp gii php s dng sc bn ca knh cao cho xe t nh xem xt, c s dng trong cc thang my c ci t vo h bn ngoi bc tng ca cc ta nh (Hnh 2.3). 4.2. FRAME CABIN Khung hnh cabin s c sc mnh v cng, m bo an ton hot ng ca thang my ch cng vic, kim tra v cc trng hp khn cp. Thit k ca khung c lp rp t thp cn, hoc gn y hn, c bit sn xut phn cong. c s dng hn v bt vt kt ni. di cng ca khung cung cp cc b mt h tr cho s tng tc vi b m trong hm m. hai bn khung u trang v phn thp hn ca chng, s khi ng.