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07/03/2012

Cc cu l nh Linux cn bn - Din n C Mau

Th T, Ngy 7 Thng 3 Nm 2012 11:17:08 AM

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Din n C Mau > C huyn mc Khoa hc C ng ngh > C ng ngh Thng tin > HH Linux

Cc cu lnh Linux cn bn

26-11-2007, 08:07 PM Tham gia ngy: Oct 2007 Ni c ng: C Mau Si Gn Bi gi: 969

lehoaiITBanned

Cc cu lnh Linux cn bn

Cho cc bn y l mt s lnh c bn trong h h iu hnh LINUX. Khi no chng ta dng nhng lnh ny? l khi chng ta th c hin Remote config, lm vic trn my nhng m qua giao din Command line qua ca s Terminal, hay n gin l nhng ai thch lm vic qua CLI. Cc lnh ny l cc lnh ph bin nhng m ty vo OS m chng s c i ch khc nhau. Chng ta s im qua mt s lnh sau: Cc Lnh V Khi To rlogin: dng iu khin hoc thao tc lnh trn mt my khc exit : thot khi h thng (Bourne-Shell) logout: thot khi h thng C-Shell id : ch danh ca ngi s dng logname: tn ngi s dng logindiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465 1/22

07/03/2012


man : gip newgrp: chuyn ngi s dng sang mt nhm mi psswd: thay i password ca ngi s dng set : xc nh cc bin mi trng tty : t cc thng s terminal uname: tn ca h thng (host) who : cho bit nhng ai ang thm nhp h thng Lnh V Trnh Bo Mn Hnh echo: hin th dng k t hay bin setcolor: t mu nn v ch ca mn hnh Lnh V Desktop bc: tnh biu thc s hc cal : my tnh c nhn date: hin th v t ngy mail: gi - nhn th tn in t mesg : cm/cho php hin th thng bo trn mn hnh (bi write/ hello) spell : kim tra li chnh t vi : son tho vn bn write/hello: cho php gi dng thng bo n nhng ngi s dng trong h thng Lnh V Th Mc cd : i th mc cp : sao chp 2 th mc mkdir: to th mc rm : loi b th mcdiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465 2/22

07/03/2012


pwd: trnh by th mc hin hnh Lnh v tp tin more: trnh by ni dung tp tin cp : sao chp mt hay nhiu tp tin find: tm v tr ca tp tin grep : tm v tr ca chui k t trong tp tin ls: trnh by tn v thuc tnh ca cc tp tin trong th mc mv : di chuyn/i tn mt tp tin sort: sp th t ni dung tp tin wc : m s t trong tp tin cat: hin th ni dung moat tp tin vi: son tho hoc sa i ni dung tp tin Lnh v qun l qu trnh: kill: hy b mt qu trnh ps : trnh by tnh trng ca cc qu trnh sleep: ngng hot ng mt thi gian Cc Lnh V Phn Quyn chgrp: chuyn ch quyn tp tin, th mc t mt nhm sang mt nhm khc chmod : thay i quyn s hu ca tp tin hay th mc chown : thay i ngi s hu tp tin hay th mc Lnh V Kim Sot In cancel : ngng in lp : in ti liu ra my in Lnh v h thng: top: Xem trng thi v h thng v cc process ang chy tng t nh Task Manager trong Windows. shutdown -h now tt my tnh shutdown -r now : khi ng li Ring cho RedHat Theo ti c bit th Vit Nam hin nay HDH Linux ph bin nht l Redhat nn y chng xin trnh by thm v rpmdiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465

install mt package:

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07/03/2012

install mt package: rpm -ivh upgrade mt package: rpm -Uvh uninstall mt package: rpm -e bit mt package c install hay cha rpm -q


filename y c th l 1 file hoc nhiu file vi format rpm Cc lnh thng c thm rt nhiu cc thng s i theo. bit thm v chi tit v chng cc bn c th dng lnh man command hoc command --help vi command l lnh cn xem.


lehoaiITBanned

Tip theo chng ta s i su vo chi tit mt s lnh. Ti liu c son v chnh sa. Nn c g sai st mong cc bn gp . x dng dng lnh u tin bn cn bt command shell ln, ci ny tng t nh MS DOS ca windows.Ty theo h iu hnh m bn ang dng l g m n s l Konsole hay Terminal ... Sau bn cn c quyn root bng lnh su (hay sudo trong Ubuntu). Khi bn c quyn root du nhc trong ca s command shell thng l: [root@duchai ~]# Lnh thng k dung lng th mc Linux [root@unix1 webhostings]# du -sh * Bn xem thng tin v user mnh ang login bng lnh: id [root@duchai ~]# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(di sk),10(wheel) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh Cc ch s uid v gid s cho bit quyn hn ca bn trn h thng. 0 l quyn cao nht ri.By gi bn mun login vi user mi bn s dng lnh : useradd [root@duchai ~]# useradd kikicocodiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465 4/22

07/03/2012


vy l bn c user mi l kikicoco trong h thng.Lnh useradd c rt nhiu tham s khc nhau, xem chi tit bn dng lnh man [kikicoco@duchai root]$ man useradd Lc trc khi to user kikicoco chng ta cha to mt khu, by gi to mt khu cho user ny, bng lnh passwd. [root@duchai ~]# passwd kikicoco Changing password for user kikicoco. New UNIX password: Sau nhp mt khu vo. chuyn sang user ny bn dng lnh : su [root@duchai ~]# su kikicoco bn kim tra li bng cch nh lnh : id [kikicoco@duchai root]$ id uid=501(kikicoco) gid=501(kikicoco) groups=501(kikicoco) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh Tip theo l cc lnh c bn vi th mc :Bn cn bit hin ti ang th mc no bn dng : pwd [kikicoco@duchai root]$ pwd /root Vy l user kikicoco ang th mc /root.Cc lnh v th mc trn unix tng t nh trn MS DOS ca windows, ch c mt s im khc bit.Lnh ls s tng ng vi dir. Th c hnh : [kikicoco@duchai root]$ ls ls: .: Permission denied Vy l li ri, user kikicoco khng c quyn s dng lnh ls. Lc trc khi to user ti cha thm shell cho user nn user s khng c quyn s dng lnh ny. By gi ti s thm shell cho user.Trc tin cn chuyn v user root bng lnh : su root, n s hi mt khu --> nhp mt khu ca root vo.Bn dng lnh : usermod thay i thng tin ngi dng, c php nh sau: SYNTAX usermod [options] [user] Bn cha bit shell nm u, nn cn dng lnh whereis xem v tr ca shell [root@duchai ~]# whereis bash bash: /bin/bash /usr/share/man/man1/bash.1.gzdiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465 5/22

07/03/2012


[root@duchai ~]# usermod -s /bin/bash kikicoco Tip theo li su v user kikicoco [kikicoco@duchai root]$ ls ls: .: Permission denied a ah, vn b li. Vy l khng phi ri, lc ny ta hiu sai. Khng phi user kikicoco khng c quyn dng shell,v vn dng c lnh pwd,... M l user kikicoco khng c quyn i vi th mc /root y l im rt khc bit vi windows, Unix phn quyn rt cht ch d a theo cc quyn : Read - Write - Execute (c - Ghi - Th c thi) Cc quyn ny c th hin bng k hiu : r - w - x hoc 4 - 2 -1 V vi mt th mc quyn s c phn cho : Owner - Group - others (ngi s hu - nhm - ngi khc) xem quyn ca th mc root ta dng lnh ls vi tham s al: [root@duchai /]# ls -al...drwxr-x--- 20 root root 4096 Nov 28 14:35 root... Nhn vo dng trn ta s nhn c thng tin nh sau : Owner l root Group l root drwxr-x--- : quyn i vi ngi dng, ch d u c ngha y l th mc, tip theo l quyn ca owner : rwx :--> owner c ton quyn trn th mc ny, owner l root nn user root c ton quyn trn th mc ny. r-x :--> group c quyn c v chy file, khng c quyn ghi vo th mc ny. --- :--> others khng c quyn g i vi th mc ny. kikicoco khng thuc group root nn khng c quyn g. Ni thm v cch th hin quyn i vi th mc, nh trn ci ni v cch th hin cc quyn.drwxr-x--- s tng ng 740, khi th mc quyn t do nht l rwxrwxrwx - 777 tc l bt k ai cng c y cc quyn vi th mc . thay i quyn bn dng lnh CHMOD, thay i owner bn dng lnh chown, thay i group bn dng lnh chgroup.Vic t quyn hn ng s l c c k quan trng i vi mt h thng, khng ch UNIX.

26-11-2007, 08:11 PM diendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465

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lehoaiITBanned

H thng th mc trn * NIX, bi ny ly v d c th l Fedora 6. Khi th mc gc / bn nh ls s nhn c: [root@duchai ~]# cd / [root@duchai /]# ls bin boot dev etc home lib lost+found media misc mnt net opt proc root sbin selinux srv sys tmp usr var l cc th mc trn mt h thng Unix. * Th mc /bin y l th c mc c c k quan trong ca 1 h thng unix, th mc ny cha gn nh tt c cc lnh ca h thng. * Th mc /etc Th mc ny cha cc cc file con file ca h thng, cng nh cha thng tin v cc service cn khi ng khi h iu hnh chy. i vi h iu hnh Linux th cc service chy lc khi ng s c t trong th mc init.d. i vi h iu hnh SUN Solaris th cc service chy lc khi ng s c t trong th mc rc2.d. Cc th mc trn s thay i ty h thng. *Th mc /usr Th mc ny cha file v chng trnh ca cc user trn h thng. Mt iu th v trn h thng Unix l tt c u l file, k c ci gi l th mc cng l file.smile_regular *Th mc /dev Khi vo th mc ny nh lnh ls bn s thy rt nhiu file mu vng. chnh l tt c cc thit b phn cng m h iu hnh dng, trn h thng Unix tt c u l file, nh ti ni trn.diendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465 7/22

07/03/2012


V d : cng s l /dev/hda, c th c 2 loi cng IDE v SCSI, nh bn dng thng thng l IDE, SCSI thng c dng cho cc my ch v dung lng thng l 36GB, 72GB,... *Th mc /boot Th mc ny cha "li" ca h iu hnh hay cn gi l kernel. V d y l kernel my ca ti : Trn h iu hnh SUN n s khng phi l th mc /boot, n l th mc /platform bit thng tin v kernel bn dng lnh : uname -an [root@duchai /]# uname -an Linux duchai 2.6.17-1.2157_FC5 #1 Tue Jul 11 22:55:46 EDT 2006 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux * Th mc root - th mc ca user root Khi bn dng mt user khc truy nhp vo th mc ny, bn s khng c quyn g vi th mc ny, ging nh user kikicoco phn trc. y chnh l "Users home directory" th mc ring ca user. Trn h thnh Unix khi mt user mi to ra n s to km theo 1 th mc cho user . Thng thng cc th mc ny s nm trong th mc /home. Nhn tin y ti ni lun v th mc /home. Th mc /home l th mc cha cc th mc ca ngi dng: * Th mc /sbin Th mc ny l mt th mc gii hn quyn hn, n cha cc chng trnh kiu nh th mc /bin. Nhng bn khng th lm g n n c. Ch nhng user c quyn root mi c th Shutdown cc chng trnh y. * Th mc /tmp Th mc ny ng nh tn ca n, n cha cc file tm do h thng sinh ra. V chia s cho bt k chng trnh no nn th mc ny c t quyn hn rt thoi mi : drwxrwxrwt 11 root root 4096 Nov 29 04:05 tmp Chc nng ca n cng ging nh th mc temp ca windows. * Th mc /var Th mc ny cha cc file c th thay i kch thc (variable size), nn thng thng trong th mc ny s cha cc database nh : mysql,.. hay mail server,... * Th mc /libdiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465

Lib l vit tt ca library. Th mc /lib cha cc file th vin chng trnh. Mi mt chng trnh s c th vin ring ca mnh.

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Lib l vit tt ca library. Th mc /lib cha cc file th vin chng trnh. Mi mt chng trnh s c th vin ring ca mnh. * Cc th mc khc : - /mnt - /cdrom - /floppy Ban u tt c cc th mc ny u rng. Khi bn cm USB vo n s nm trong /mnt hoc bn cn mount n vo trong /mnt (ci ny ni sau happy). Khi cho a CDROM vo th d liu s c t ng mount vo th mc /cdrom. Tng t i vi floppy. Phn ny ni v cch : tt my nh th no ? khi ng nh th no ? * Lnh : shutdown S dng lnh : man shutdown xem thng tin v lnh ny SYNTAX shutdown [options] when [message] OPTIONS -c Cancel a shutdown that is in progress. -f Reboot fast, by suppressing the normal call to fsck when rebooting. -h Halt the system when shutdown is complete. -k Print the warning message, but suppress actual shutdown. -n Perform shutdown without a call to init. -r Reboot the system when shutdown is complete. -t sec V d : Tt ngay lp tc : shutdown -h now Khi ng li ngay lp tc: shutdown -r now Tt my vo lc 8 ti (pm): shutdown -h 20:00 Sau 10 pht th tt my:


diendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465

9/22

07/03/2012Sau

10 pht th tt my: shutdown -h +10 * Lnh : halt, reboot, poweroff


T kernel 2.74 tr v sau ny, lnh halt, reboot khng c gi tr c tip m n c tch hp vo trong lnh shutdown nh bn thy trn. Nu bn dng cc kernel c th vn dng c cc lnh ny.


lehoaiITBanned

Trnh son tho vn bn. Trn windows c rt nhiu trnh son tho khc nhau nh office, wordpad, notepad... Trn *nix cng vy, nhng trnh son tho a thch c l l vi. Trnh son tho ny c l l ph bin nht v thng dng nht trn cc h thng Unix cng tng t nh notepad ca windows. truy nhp vi trong ca s terminal bn nh : vi [root@duchai /]# vi Trnh son tho s hin ra. Nh bn Fedora ti ang dng th n thay th vi bi VIM : VIM son tho "thun tay hn" vi happy bn dng th m xem big grin to 1 file mi bn nh : vi [root@duchai /]# vi hello Bn nhn phm "i" kch hot ch Insert, sau bn nh "Hello world!" ghi li file bn bm phm "ESC" thot khi ch Insert. Sau nh ":qw" lu li v thot ra khi vi. "hello" [New] 1L, 14C written [root@duchai /]# more hello hello world ! [root@duchai /]#diendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465 10/22

07/03/2012


Chi tit cc lnh ca vi c l phi th c hnh nhiu mt cht mi nh c. Tham kho : http://www.ss64.com/bash/vi.html http://www.eng.hawaii.edu/Tutor/vi.html VI Editor Commands Switch to Text or Insert mode: Open line above cursor O Insert text at beginning of line I Insert text at cursor i Insert text after cursor a Append text at line end A Open line below cursor o Switch to Command mode: Switch to command mode Cursor Movement (command mode): Scroll Backward 1 screen b Scroll Up 1/2 screen u Go to beginning of line 0 Go to line n nG Go to end of line $ Scroll Down 1/2 screendiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465 11/22

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Scroll Down 1/2 screen d Go to line number ## :## Scroll Forward 1 screen f


Go to last line G Scroll by sentence f/b ( ) Scroll by word f/b w b Move left, down, up, right h j k l Left 6 chars 6h Directional Movement Arrow Keys Go to line #6 6G Deleting text (command mode): Change word cw Replace one character r Delete word dw Delete text at cursor x Delete entire line (to buffer) dd Delete current to end of line D Delete 5 lines (to buffer) 5dd Delete lines 5-10 :5,10d Editing (command mode): Copy line yy Copy n lines nyy Copy lines 1-2/paste after 3 :1,2t 3 Paste above current line P diendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465

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P Paste below current line p Move lines 4-5/paste after 6 :4,5m 6 Join previous line J Search backward for string ?string Search forward for string /string Find next string occurrence n % (entire file) s (search and replace) /old text with new/ c (confirm) g (global - all) :%s/oldstring/newstring/cg Ignore case during search :set ic Repeat last command . Undo previous command u Undo all changes to line U Save and Quit (command mode): Save changes to buffer :w Save changes and quit vi :wq Save file to new file :w file Quit without saving :q! Save lines to new file :10,15w file

26-11-2007, 08:12 PM Tham gia ngy: Oct 2007 Ni c ng: C Mau Si Gn Bi gi: 96913/22

lehoaiITBanneddiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465

07/03/2012


Shells l g ? Bn c th hiu nm na shell l 1 cch computer giao tip vi ngi dng hay ni cch khc l cch computer nhn lnh t ngi dng. Thn thng trn Linux dng "bash" shell. Shell l gip ngi dng lm vic vi my tnh d dng hn vi nhng cu lnh "thn thin" mang tnh cht gi nh. V d : cn copy tt c cc file trong th mc A vo th mc B cu lnh l : cp /A/* /B * File '.bashrc' Mi mt user khi c to ra s c 1 shell cho n nh ti ni phn trc, nh ngha shell cho user nm trong file .bashrc trong th mc /home/, v d y l /home/kikicoco [root@duchai /]# cd /home/ [root@duchai home]# cd kikicoco/ [root@duchai kikicoco]# ls -al total 56 drwxr-xr-x 2 kikicoco kikicoco 4096 Nov 29 06:00 . drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 28 14:49 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 kikicoco kikicoco 24 Nov 28 14:49 .bash_logout -rw-r--r-- 1 kikicoco kikicoco 191 Nov 28 14:49 .bash_profile -rw-r--r-- 1 kikicoco kikicoco 124 Nov 28 14:49 .bashrc -rw-r--r-- 1 kikicoco kikicoco 120 Nov 28 14:49 .gtkrc -rw------- 1 kikicoco kikicoco 35 Nov 29 06:00 .lesshst [root@duchai kikicoco]# more .bashrc # .bashrc # Source global definitions if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then . /etc/bashrc fi # User specific aliases and functions [root@duchai kikicoco]# more .bash_profile # .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi diendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465

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fi # User specific environment and startup programs PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin export PATH unset USERNAME Trong file .bashrc c ni n cc alias do ngi dng nh ngha. # User specific aliases and functions Alias l g ? alias thng thng c hiu l mt ci tn khc. Alias y cng gn nh th. v d ti thm dng : alias rm='rm -i' Th iu ny c ngha l khi ti nh lnh rm trong terminal th lnh ny s c hiu l rm -i y chnh l alias ca rm. V sao li cn n alias ? trn trong lnh rm c tham s -i, i tc l interactive (prompt before any removal) c ngha l khi c tham xa -i th bt c file no b xa h iu hnh s hi xem ta c chc chn xa khng. Nu dng tham s -f : force (ignore nonexistent files, never prompt) th h iu hnh s xa m khng cn hi. Khi bn mun xa nhanh th hy dng tham s ny. Vic dng alias nhm mc ch to 1 "route" cho ngi dng. c bit i vi nhng my tnh quan trng nh my ch chng hn vic xa file cn phi ht sc thn trng, nu nh bn dng lnh sau : rm -R -f * m khng to alias nh trn s khin ton b s file trong th mc hin ti ca bn bin mt ngay lp tc --> mt di nh ci bm smile_confused Bn c th to alias tm thi bng cch dng lnh alias hoc xa 1 alias bng lnh unalias: SYNTAX alias [-p] [name[=value] ...] unalias [-a] [name ... ]

26-11-2007, 08:13 PM Tham gia ngy: Oct 2007 Ni c ng: C Mau Si Gn15/22


lehoaiIT

07/03/2012


lehoaiITBanned

Ni c ng: C Mau Si Gn Bi gi: 969

Cc lnh thng dng trn h thng Unix Ti ch a ra cc lnh km chc nng, cc tham s ca n th bn cn xem thm. 1. Lnh man, info v apropos : thng tin v lnh 2. Lnh cd : chuyn th mc 3. Lnh ls : lit k file thng thng hay dng ls -al hoc ls -l 4. Lnh file : xem thng tin loi file ca 1 file file 5. Lnh more v less : xem ni dung file more 6. Lnh cat v tail : xem ni dung file cat 7. Lnh cp : lnh copy 8. Lnh mv : lnh di chuyn hoc i tn file, th mc 9. Lnh mkdir : to th mc mi 10. Lnh rm v rmdir : xa file v xa th mc rng 11. Lnh dir : bng vi ls -l 12. Lnh pwd : xem v tr th mc hin thi 13. Lnh date : xem ngy 14. Lnh cal : xem lich, v d cal 2006 15. Lnh exit : thot khi terminal Cn sau y l mt s lnh yu thch : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Lnh touch : to file Lnh find : tm kim (s c 1 bi vit ring v lnh ny) Lnh grep : tm kim ni dung file h tr regular expression Lnh who, whoami, whatis, whereis, which : ng nh ngha ca cc t ny Lnh echo : hin th ni dung 1 bin ,...

Cc lnh dnh cho qun tr h thng : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Lnh last : hin th cc user login gn y Lnh df : xem thng tin a, thng thng hay dng df -h Lnh du : xem thng tin dung lng file, th mc Lnh top : ci ging nh taskmanager ca windows, n s hin th thng tin v cc processes Lnh free : xem tnh hnh b nh Lnh ps : xem thng tin processes Lnh kill : tt process Lnh mount v unmount : Lnh chmod : thay i permissions i vi file16/22


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10. Lnh chown : thay i ngi s hu i vi file 11. Lnh chgrp : thay i group i vi file 12. Lnh chroot Ngoi cc lnh trn cn c rt nhiu lnh khc, c th tham kho ti y : http://www.ss64.com/bash/ Backup sao lu gi liu vi UNIX Cc lnh cn dng : tar, gzip, gunzip V d vi tar : tar -czvf MyArchive Source_file hoc tar --create --gzip --verbose --file=MyArchive Source_file tar -xzvf MyArchive Source_file hoc tar --extract --gunzip --verbose --file=MyArchive Source_file gzip l mt phn ca tar, tuy nhin gzip v gunzip vn dng c c lp. Vic backup v sao lu nn vit thnh cc job h thng t ng lm. V d ti cn backup d liu ca mysql hng tun vo Ch nht. #!/bin/bash Date=`date '+%a'` Day=`date '+%m%d'` if [ $Date == 'Sun' ] then cd /mysqldata for ix in * do if [ -d $ix ] then tar -czvf /kikicoco/backup/database_$Day.$ix.tar $ix fi done fi on script bn cho vo 1 file, v d : db_backup.shdiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465

Sau chmod +x cho file db_backup.sh c ngha l cho file ny c quyn chy sau to schedule cho file ny.

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Sau chmod +x cho file db_backup.sh c ngha l cho file ny c quyn chy sau to schedule cho file ny. Ci ny n tng t nh schedule task ca windows. to schedule trn Linux bn dng crontab. [root@duchai etc]# ls -l| grep cron -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 329 Feb 11 2006 anacrontab drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 16 2006 cron.d drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 3 13:43 cron.daily -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 3 13:21 cron.deny drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 11 2005 cron.hourly drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 3 13:18 cron.monthly -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 255 Dec 11 2005 crontab drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 3 13:21 cron.weekly [root@duchai etc]# more crontab SHELL=/bin/bash PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin MAILTO=root HOME=/ # run-parts 01 * * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.hourly 02 4 * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.daily 22 4 * * 0 root run-parts /etc/cron.weekly 42 4 1 * * root run-parts /etc/cron.monthly Cc job ny s c t trong cc file trn hoc trong th mc : /var/spool/cron/crontabs S dng crontab - l bit cc jobs ca user hin ti. Nu cha c dng lnh crontab -e to jobs. C php 1 dng trong crontab : Minute(0-59) Hour (0-23) Day of Month (1-31) Month (1-12 or Jan-Dec) Day of Week (0-6 or Sun-Sat) Command 0 2 12 * 0,6 /usr/bin/find Tham kho : Cron and Crontab usage and examples. Ci t v cp nht phn mm trong Linux Trn windows cc file ci t c nh dng .exe, .msi, .vis,... vic ci t rt d dng bng vic chy cc file ny. Trn unix cng tng t nh th. Tuy nhin trong cc bi vit ny ti ch dng terminal, khng dng ch giao din. Vy vic ci t trn trn linux nh th no ? * RPM : Red Hat Package Manager



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* RPM : Red Hat Package Manager Cc chng trnh s c ui .rpm, c php nh sau : rpm -i new_program.rpm --> ci t chng trnh mi (-i l vit tt ca install)


rpm -q program_name --> kim tra xem 1 chng trnh c ci hay cha ? V d vi Fedora 5/6: [root@duchai sysconfig]# rpm -q mysql mysql-5.0.18-2.1 [root@duchai sysconfig]# rpm -q firefox firefox-1.5.0.1-9 By gi cn nng cp nn Firefox 2.0 Tham kho : http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Firefox2 Chy lnh : yum -y install firefox Cc lnh c bn vi yum: Ci t : yum -y install G b : yum -y remove Xem cc gi ci : yum list V d : xem cc gi ci ca php : [root@web ~]# yum list php* Loading "installonlyn" plugin Setting up repositories core 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 updates 100% |=========================| 1.2 kB 00:00 extras 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 Reading repository metadata in from local files primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 306 kB 00:01 ################################################## 1072/1072 Installed Packages php.i386 5.1.6-3.1.fc6 installed php-Smarty.noarch 2.6.13-1.fc6 installed php-bcmath.i386 5.1.6-3.1.fc6 installeddiendan.camau.gov.vn/showthread.php?t=465 19/22

07/03/2012


php-cli.i386 5.1.6-3.1.fc6 installed php-common.i386 5.1.6-3.1.fc6 installed php-gd.i386 5.1.6-3.1.fc6 installed php-mbstring.i386 5.1.6-3.1.fc6 installed Chi tit cc lnh vi yum : yum -h Khi ht swap th ta cn thm swap file, v d cn thm 1G swap : /usr/sbin/mkfile 1024m /swapfile --> to swap file /usr/sbin/swap -a /swapfile --> cho h thng bit swap file mi nm u n v tnh : kilobytes (k), blocks (b), or megabytes (m) Kim tra swap file mi c thm hay cha ? swap -l (Su tm t nhiu ngun)thay i ni dung b i: leh aiIT, 14-01-2008 lc 11:40 AM

28-12-2007, 09:51 PM

.:SHacker:.Thnh vin tch cc

Tham gia ngy: Nov 2007 Ni c ng: *(`Thin ng Vng Em)* Bi gi: 845

Ya... cinyrtb n,a koi"Ci Cn Ct"t"na " eh... t i h hm h h hi cinyna!hh.. h ee.__________________

Thi Hong Giang

Y!m: babyboy_vip2001 Email: [email protected] Mobile: 0937230373 - 0938686373

30-08-2008, 12:22 AM Tham gia ngy: Aug 2008 Bi gi: 4


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Bi gi: 4

kathy1406Thnh vin mi

Cm n lehoaiIT nha, ci ny hay v b ch qu !

07-03-2009, 08:48 PM Tham gia ngy: Nov 2008 Bi gi: 25

cmsharing.netThnh vin mi

Ci ny h ch hc cho bit thi ch ng dng g l m phi "nhai" ci ny hi mt . Thi LehoaiIT nhai mnh n nh hic....anyway thanks for shells __________________

Din n sinh vin C Mau Ni giao lu chia s ca sinh vin C Mau

19-05-2010, 02:30 PM

#1 Tham gia ngy: May 2010 Bi gi: 89

xcodeThnh vin tch cc


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