Cch ci t cc bn nng cp v sa li cho Joomla!M ngun ca Joomla! lun c cp nht mi sa li v nng cao tnh bo mt, vic theo di ci t cc bn nng cp mi l cng vic cn thit i vi ngi Qun tr Website s dng Joomla! Hin nay Joomla! c 2 phin bn chnh l 1.0 v 1.5 c pht trin v s dng, bi vit ny s hng dn cch nng cp Joomla! p dng cho phin bn 1.0 ln 1.0.x v phin bn 1.5 ln 1.5.x Sau y l cc bc thc hin:Ti file:

Ti phin bn nng cp mi nht cho Joomla! t trang web http://joomla.org. Cc bn nng cp (Patch) ca Joomla! thng c t tn theo dng Joomla_1.0.13_to_1.0.15-Stable-Patch_Package.zip, trong c s hiu 1.0.13_to_1.0.15 l nng cp t phin bn 1.0.13 ln 1.0.15. Mi phin bn Joomla! c ng gi di dng nn: .zip, .tar.gz v .tar.bz2, ch cn chn mt ci v th nghim bit nh dng no c th m c trn my tnh hoc trn Hosting ang s dng.

Sao lu d liu:

To mt Th mc ngay trn Hosting ri Copy tt c cc Tp tin (File) v Th mc (Folder) ca Joomla! vo , c th Copy t Hosting v my tnh lu tr thng qua chng trnh FTP hoc File Manager trong cPanel (nu c). Bn lu tr ny s c dng khi qu trnh nng cp b li. Sao lu Database ca Joomla! bng cch s dng phpMyAdmin hoc bt c mt cng c no c chc nng tng t (Xem thm bi Cch to Database bng phpMyAdmin trn localhost). Nu cm thy cng vic ny qu kh khn th hy cn nhc b qua bc ny v y ch l bc sao lu d phng, nng cp Joomla! theo cch hng dn ny khng nh hng n Database.

Tin hnh nng cp:

Gii nn gi nng cp vo mt th mc hoc mt ni no trn my tnh sau dng chng trnh FTP Copy cc Tp tin v Th mc ca bn nng cp ny thay th cho cc Tp tin v Th mc ca phin bn Joomla! c ang s dng.

Trong qu trnh Copy phi xut hin bn thng bo Overwrite, chn Overwrite v nhn Ok ng .

Nu gp khng th Overwrite c l do cc Tp tin hoc Th mc b thit lp ch cm ghi (UnWriteable), cn phi thit lp (CHMOD) cc Tp tin hoc Th mc ny li thnh cho php ghi (Writeable). (Xem bi hng dn CHMOD File v Folder trn Web Server)

Do qu trnh Copy din ra kh nhanh nn Website vn hot ng bnh thng, khng cn phi Offline. Sau khi nng cp xong cn theo di v kim tra cc hot ng ca Website, nu thy khng n nh hoc gp trc trc th phc hi li bng cch Copy bn sao lu tr li nh c.

Lu :

y l cch ci t cc bn nng cp thng thng, i vi mt s trng hp bn nng cp c nhiu thay i khc bit so vi phin bn c th phi thc hin theo hng dn km theo gi nng cp. Cch ny ch dng nng cp Joomla! cng phin bn, khng th nng cp t 1.0.x ln 1.5.x. C th chn nng cp t phin bn ang s dng ln bn cp nht mi nht (1.0.13 -> 1.0.15) hoc nng cp tng bc (1.0.13 -> 1.0.14 -> 1.0.15 -> ....).

Cch tch hp b g ting Vit vo Joomla! v SMFB g du ting Vit l cng c gip cc thnh vin thun tin khi vit bi, trao i thng tin vi nhau trn cc trang Web hoc din n c s dng ngn ng ting Vit. Bi vit ny s hng dn cch tch hp b g ting Vit AVIM ca tc gi ng Trn Hiu vo cc trang Web Joomla! v din n SMF. B g ting Vit AVIM mi nht c ti v s dng min ph ti trang Web http://avim.hdang.co.uk hoc tt c cc phin bn khc ti: http://sourceforge.net y l mt file c tn theo dng avim20071102.js (cc s ln lt l: nm, thng, ngy c thay i ty theo phin bn). Cch tch hp vo Joomla! 1.0.x: Do Joomla! c chia lm 2 phn: Frontpage l trang chnh, ni cc thnh vin ng nhp vit bi. Admin l ni dnh cho Qun tr (Admin) ng nhp cu hnh v vit bi cho trang Web. Do nu mun s dng b g cho phn no th phi tch hp ring cho phn . Copy file avim20071102.js vo th mc /includes/js ca Joomla! Phn Frontpage (Front-end): M file index.php trong th mc template/tn Template ang s dng.

Chn on Code sau y vo ngay pha trn th (Tag) (Tag ny thng nm cui trang)

Trong :

1. Th to ng gch ngang (c th khng c cng c) 2. Canh gia trang cho cc nt chn kiu g. 3. To cc nt chn kiu g cho AVIM. 4. Khai bo v tr ca b g AVIM, phi ch ng ng dn n file AVIM20071102.js (nn chnh xc tng du chm, ch thng hoc ch in hoa v m s ng vi phin bn ang s dng)

Sau khi Tch hp xong, v tr cui trang Web s xut hin b g AVIM vi cc nt chn kiu g, tt/m b g v kim tra li.

Phn Admin (Back-end):

M file index.php trong th mc administrator/template/joomla_admin (Template ang s dng).

Chn on Code sau y vo ngay pha trn th (Tag) (Tag ny thng nm cui trang). Lu ng dn ti dng th 4 c thay i.

Cch tch hp vo SMF: M file index.template.php trong th mc Themes/default (Theme ang s dng).

Chn on Code sau y vo ngay pha trn th (Tag) (Tag ny nm khong dng th 450)

Trong :

451. Th to ng gch ngang (c th khng c cng c) 452. Canh gia trang cho cc nt chn kiu g. 453. To cc nt chn kiu g cho AVIM. 454. Khai bo v tr ca b g AVIM, phi ch ng ng dn n file AVIM20071102.js (nn chnh xc tng du chm, ch thng hoc ch in hoa v m s ng vi phin bn ang s dng)

Sau khi Tch hp xong, v tr cui trang ca din n s xut hin b g AVIM vi cc nt chn kiu g, tt/m b g v kim tra li.

Lu :

C th t File AVIM20071102.js u ty v ch cn khai bo ng ng dn trong m khai bo b g AVIM l c. Sau khi tch hp xong b g, nu nhn thy cc nt chn kiu g xut hin trn trang Web nhng khng g c ting Vit th nn xem li ng dn, tn (phin bn) ca File AVIM20071102.js trong m khai bo b g AVIM. Do trang Web hoc din n c tch hp b g ting vit nn khi nhp mt khu (Password) phi ch nn tt b g.

Cch bo mt cho Website Joomla!Cng vic bo mt cho Website l rt quan trng trnh cc Hacker c th xm nhp, ph hoi hoc ly cp cc thng tin quan trng, thng thng vic ny i hi ngi Qun tr phi c kin thc v kh nng mi c th thc hin c.

Bi vit ny s nu mt s cng vic c bn cn thit tng cng mc bo mt cho Website Joomla! Sao lu d liu:

y l cng vic cn phi lm thng xuyn, vic sao lu (Backup) s bao gm ton b cc File ca Website v cc d liu trong Database. Trong trng hp Website b tn cng v ngng hot ng th ch cn phc hi li (Restore) cc File v d liu c sao lu l Website c th hot ng li. Vic sao lu d liu trong Database c th c thc hin bng cng c phpMyAdmin c trong Control Panel ca Hosting hoc bt c cng c Backup no v ton b cc File ca Website c th c ti v my tnh c nhn thng qua cc chng trnh FTP.

Cp nht Joomla!

Thng xuyn theo di v cp nht kp thi cc bn sa li hoc nng cp cho Joomla! khc phc cc li bo mt nu c. Xem cc thng bo v phin bn v cp nht cho Joomla! ti trang Web http://joomla.org

Lu cc thnh phn m rng:

Vic ci t thm cc thnh phn m rng (Component, Module) c th s lm nh hng n bo mt ca Joomla! Thng xuyn theo di cc thng bo v bo mt ca cc thnh phn m rng ti trang Web Joomla! 3rd party security Nu pht hin cc thnh phn m rng ny c li th phi tin hnh cp nht bn sa li nu c hoc xa b khi Joomla!

Thit lp quyn truy cp cho cc Folder v File:

Vic thit lp quyn truy cp (CHMOD) cho cc Folder v File trong Joomla! s gip ngn chn cc truy xut khng hp l vo cc Folder v File trn Website. Thit lp quyn hn CHMOD 755 cho cc Folder (k c Folder bn trong) v CHMOD 644 cho tt c cc File. Xem thm bi hng dn CHMOD File v Folder trn Web Server

Ngn lit k File trong Folder:

t mt File index.html trong tt c cc Folder ca Website ngn chn vic lit k cc File c trong cc Folder , c th to mt File html rng hoc copy File index.html c sn trong cc Folder ca Joomla!

Thit lp "Register Globals Emulation":

Thit lp Register Globals Emulation bng cch truy cp vo Global Configuration -> Chn Tab -> Register Globals Emulation -> Off.

Ngoi ra c th s dng thm cc cng c bo mt c trong Control Panel ca Hosting tng cng thm mc bo mt cho Website.

Cch ti u ha cho Website Joomla!Sau khi ci t, cu hnh v chy th nghim Website Joomla! trn my tnh c nhn (Localhost), Website c a ln Host tham gia vo mng li Internet. Cng vic cn li ca ngi Qun tr (Admin) l phi lm sao cho Website lun hot ng n nh v hiu qu. Sau y l mt s cng vic cn thit ti u ha cho hot ng ca Website Joomla! 1.0.x Chn Hosting:

y l cng vic u tin v rt quan trng, i vi Website Joomla! th nn s dng Host Linux vi cc thng s p ng vi yu cu ca Joomla! (cc thng s ny hin th khi ci t Joomla!) m bo cho vic ci t, cu hnh v hot ng n nh. Ty theo qui m ca Website m la chn cc gi Hosting ph hp, i vi cc Website nh, mi bt u th c th s dng Shared Hosting vi 100MB dung lng da cng v khong t 2 - 4GB Bandwidth l c, sau ny nu cn thit c th nng cp thm. V tr ca Server, ni t Website cng c la chn ty theo i tng truy cp. Nu Website c ni dung ting Vit v ch yu phc v cho cc i tng truy cp trong nc th nn dng Server t ti Vit Nam, khi vic truy cp vo Website t Vit Nam s c tc nhanh hn t cc quc gia khc. Nn tham kho cc nh gi t nhng ngi s dng Joomla! c thm nhng thng tin cho s la chn Hosting.

Ti u Template:

Template l giao din ca Website, vic chn Template n gin, ph hp, ng chun CSS,... cng gip lm tng tc khi hin th trn trnh duyt. Kim tra m (Code) trong file index.php v template_css.css ca Template tm v loi b cc m khng cn thit hoc b li. Ti u cc File nh bng cch s dng cc nh dng thch hp (jpg/gif/png) cho tng loi nh v chn nn nh c dung lng nh m vn gi c cht lng, hn ch cc Java Script, Flash,...

S dng cc thnh phn m rng:

Nn s dng cc Component, Module c sn trong Joomla! v ch ci t thm khi cn thit.

Xa bt cc Component, Module v Mambot no khng s dng k c cc Component, Module v Mambot c sn khi ci t Joomla, mc d ang ch khng s dng (Unpublished) nhng Joomla! vn phi truy xut thng tin t Database v cc Component, Module v Mambot ny. Xa b (Uninstall) Component, Module v Mambot bng cch truy cp vo Menu Installers v chn Components, Modules hoc Mambots. Trong Installed ... chn Component, Module hoc Mambot no mun xa v nhn vo biu tng Uninstall (nm pha trn bn phi)

Cc ch thng k:

Ch thng k s ghi li thng tin vo Database mi khi c s truy cp vo Website hoc truy xut d liu trn cc trang Web, b ch ny s gip tng tc truy cp. B ch ny bng cch truy cp vo Global Configuration -> Chn Tab Statistics v thit lp nh trong hnh.

Lu l hin nay cc Hosting u c ci t sn cc chc nng thng k trong Control Panel.

Thng bo li:

Chc nng thng bo li trong Joomla! s ghi li cc li xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ca Website. Nu Website hot ng n nh th c th tt chc nng ny tng tc truy cp. B ch ny bng cch truy cp vo Global Configuration -> Chn Tab Server -> Thit t thng s cho Error Reporting l None.

B nh m:

B nh m (Cache) gip ghi nh cc d liu c truy xut ln u sau cung cp cc d liu ny cho cc ln sau, vic ny s gip gim s truy xut d liu trc tip t Database v Website c th trnh b qu ti khi c s lng truy cp cao. Mc nhin khi ci t ch Cache ca Joomla trng thi tt (khng hot ng), kch hot ch ny bng cch truy cp vo Global Configuration -> Chn Tab Cache, thit lp Caching l C (Yes) v iu chnh gi tr Cache Time cho ph hp vi Website.

Ch mi c phn ni dung (Content) c Cache, nu mun Cache thm cho Module no th truy cp vo Module v thit lp Enable Cache l Yes.

Chc nng nn d liu:

Nu Server c h tr chc nng nn d liu GZIP th c th bt chc nng GZIP Page Compression nn nh dung lng d liu ca trang Web tng tc truyn ti d liu t Website v trnh duyt. Bt chc nng ny bng cch truy cp vo Global Configuration -> Chn Tab Server -> thit lp GZIP Page Compression l C (Yes). Lu : Nu Server c hin tng b qu ti (Overload) th nn tt chc nng ny.

Ti u ha cc bng d liu:

Ti u ha cc bng d liu (Database) s gip cho vic truy xut cc d liu c nhanh hn. S dng cng c phpMyAdmin c trong Control Panel ca Hosting, chn Database v nhn vo Check All nh du chn tt c cc bng d liu. Trong With Selected chn Optimize table.

Lu cng vic ny nn tin hnh lm nh k, c th khong 3 thng 1 ln.

Cch ci t ngn ng ting Vit cho Joomla! 1.5.xMc nhin sau khi ci t Joomla! s hin th ngn ng ting Anh trn trang Web v trong phn Qun tr. C th b sung, thay i ngn ng cho Joomla! bng cch ti v ci t thm cc gi Ngn ng khc. i vi Joomla! 1.5.x gi ngn ng c chia thnh 2 phn dnh cho trang Web (Frontend) v phn Qun tr (Admin, Back-end), ty theo nhu cu c th ci mt hoc c hai ty . Ti gi ngn ng ting Vit cho Joomla! 1.5.x: Front-end v Back-end C 2 cch ci t Ngn ng cho Joomla! 1.5.x: Cch 1: Thc hin trc khi ci t Joomla! Cch ny c thc hin trc khi tin hnh ci t Joomla! mc nhin sau khi ci t xong trang Web s hin th lun ting Vit.

Gii nn th mc vi-VN trong gi ngn ng ting Vit dnh cho Front-end vo th mc language ca Joomla!

Gii nn th mc vi-VN trong gi ngn ng ting Vit dnh cho Back-end vo th mc \administrator\language ca Joomla!

Khi ci t Joomla! bc 1 (Chn ngn ng) th chn vn-VN hin th ngn ng Vit.

Cch 2: Thc hin sau khi ci t Joomla! Ci t theo cch thng thng, sau khi ci t Joomla! xong Login vo phn Qun tr (Admin)

Chn Menu Extensions -> Install/Uninstall

Nhn Browse... tm v chn gi ngn ng sau nhn Open.

Nhn Upload File & Install ci t. Xut hin thng bo Install Language Success l vic ci t thnh cng. Thc hin hai ln cho hai gi ngn ng Back-end v Front-end.

Chn Menu Extensions -> Language Manager

Chn Site -> Chn Ting Vit (Vietnamese) -> Nhn Default thay i ngn ng ting Vit cho phn Front-end (Trang Web)

Chn Administrator -> Chn Ting Vit (Vietnamese) -> Nhn Default thay i ngn ng ting Vit cho phn Back-end (Qun tr)

Cc File ngn ng ca Joomla! 1.5.x c chia ring bit c tn theo tng thnh phn m rng (Component, Module, Plug-in,...) v c phn ui l .ini nm trong th mc language v \administrator\language c th m cc File ny ra v chnh sa li ting Vit m Unicode trong .

Cch a Web Site Joomla! t Localhost ln Web HostSau khi ci t v cu hnh cho Joomla! ti Localhost, cng vic tip theo l a Website ln Web Host (Host) bt u hot ng trong h thng mng ton cu. Sau y l cch to Database v a Website Joomla! t Localhost ln Web Host: To Database trn Host:

ng nhp vo phn qun l Host (Cpanel) v chn MySQL Database.

Trong phn Create New Database nhp tn cho Database mun to sau nhn Create Database.

Trong phn MySQL Users nhp tn ngi dng vo Username v mt khu vo Password. y l tn v mt khu dng truy cp Database, c th t ty . Nhp mt khu ging nh trn vo Password (Again) thm mt ln na v nhn Create User. C th to thm nhiu tn ngi dng khc nu mun.

Trong phn Add User To Database chn tn ngi dng va to bn trn trong mc User v chn tn ca Database no mun cho php ngi dng ny truy cp trong mc Database, sau nhn Submit. C th lm thm nu mun cho php nhiu ngi dng truy cp Database.

Nu lm ng cc bc nh trn th trong phn Current Database s c tn ca Database v tn ca ngi dng c php truy cp Database tng ng. Lu phi nh tn ca Database, tn ngi dng (Username) v mt khu (Password) khai bo khi ci t Joomla! hoc khi mun truy cp Database.

Lu : Mt s Free Host khng cho php to tn ngi dng (Username) m ly lun tn ngi dng v mt khu ging vi Username v Password dng truy cp vo phn qun l Host. Ci t, a Web Site Joomla! ln Host: By gi c th ci t mi hoc a Web Site c ci t t Loacalhost ln Host. C 2 cch a Web Site Joomla! ln Host: CCH 1:

Copy b ci t Joomla! ln th mc gc (Web Root) ca Host, th mc ny thng c tn l htdocs, publish_html, www,... Dng chng trnh qun l File (File manager) ca Host gii nn. Tin hnh ci t bnh thng nh trn Localhost. S dng tn Database, tn ngi dng v mt khu c to phn trn. Xem thm bi Ci t Joomla! phin bn 1.0.x trn Localhost hoc Ci t Joomla! phin bn 1.5.x trn Localhost Copy cc File v Folder ca Web Site c ci t t Localhost ln Host thay th (OverWrite) cc File v Folder va mi ci t, ngoi tr File configuaration.php (gi li File ny). Export d liu ca Database t Localhost ra mt File sau Import File ny vo Database trn Host. Import d liu vo Database bng cch s dng phpMyAdmin trong phn qun l Host (Cpanel). Xem thm bi Cch to Database bng phpMyAdmin trn localhost

Login vo Admin v tip tc chnh sa cc thng s khc (tn ca Web Site, t kha,...) trong phn Global Configuration. Lu tn v mt khu truy cp Admin s khai bo ging nh lc ci t bn trn.

CCH 2:

Copy ton b Web Site ci t t Localhost ln th mc gc (Web Root) ca Host, th mc ny thng c tn l htdocs, publish_html, www,... C th

nguyn Web Site v copy ln Host thng qua chng trnh FTP hoc chng trnh qun l File (File Manager) ca Host. Hoc c th nn cc tp tin (File) v th mc (Folder) ca Web Site di dng ZIP v copy ln Host ri sau dng chng trnh qun l File ca Host gii nn. Lu c th Copy ln th mc gc (Web Root) ca Host hoc to thm mt th mc khc trong th mc gc ri copy vo . Export d liu ca Database t Localhost ra mt File sau Import File ny vo Database trn Host. Import d liu vo Database bng cch s dng phpMyAdmin trong phn qun l Host (Cpanel). Xem thm bi Cch to Database bng phpMyAdmin trn localhost M File configuaration.php ca Joomla! trn Host, tm v sa li cc thng s sau cho ph hp vi Host:

i vi Joomla! 1.0.X: Khai bo dng dn n th mc cha Web Site: $mosConfig_absolute_path = '/duong_dan/thu_muc_chua_web'; Th d: Nu Joomla! c t ti th mc Web gc: $mosConfig_absolute_path = 'home/username/htdocs'; Nu Joomla! c t trong th mc con tn l joomla: $mosConfig_absolute_path = 'home/username/htdocs/joomla'; Khai bo dng dn n th mc Cache: $mosConfig_cachepath = '/duong_dan/thu_muc_chua_web/cache'; Th d: $mosConfig_absolute_path = 'home/username/htdocs/cache'; Hoc: $mosConfig_absolute_path = 'home/username/htdocs/joomla/cache'; a ch Database:$mosConfig_host = 'dia_chi_sever';

Thng thng l localhost, nu v tr khc th c th xem trong Account Information hoc trong phpMyAdmin bit.

th d: $mosConfig_host = 'localhost'; Hoc: $mosConfig_host = 'sql4.byethost2.com'; Tn ca Database: $mosConfig_db = 'ten_database'; y l tn ca Database c to phn trn. Th d: $mosConfig_db = 'joomla'; Tn ngi dng (Username): $mosConfig_user = 'ten_nguoi_dung'; y l tn dng truy cp Database c to phn trn. Th d: $mosConfig_db = 'buaxua'; Mt khu (Password) truy cp Database: $mosConfig_password = 'mat_khau'; y l mt khu dng truy cp Database c to phn trn. Th d: $mosConfig_password = '123456'; a ch dn n Web Site: $mosConfig_live_site = 'http://yourdomain.com'; ng dn ny bao gm a ch v th mc cha Web Site nu c. Th d: $mosConfig_live_site = 'http://www.buaxua.vn';

Hoc: $mosConfig_live_site = 'http://www.buaxua.vn/joomla'; i vi Joomla! 1.5.X: Khai bo li cc thng s ca Database nh: a ch, tn, tn truy cp v mt khu ging nh Joomla! 1.0.x Sau ch cn khai bo li ng dn n th mc logs v tmp ca Joomla! Th d: var $log_path = '/home/domain/public_html/logs'; var $log_path = '/home/domain/public_html/tmp'; Lu tn v mt khu truy cp Admin ging nh trn Localhost.