cajacob presentation (1)

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©2016 HawkEye 360 – Proprietary Information

HawkEye 360 is a subsidiary of Allied Minds (LSE: ALM)

HawkEye360

Geolocation

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Introduction

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► HawkEye 360, Inc.

• Founded in September 2015

• Based in Herndon, VA near Washington, DC

• Seed Investment from Allied Minds

• Focus:

- RF Geolocation Services

- RF Signal Analysis

- Data Analytic Products

• Pathfinder Mission to launch in Q4 2017

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Introduction

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Sensors Processing Analytics

Collect spectrum and signals of interest Process captured signals into

metadata and signal information

Correlate events and information

along with other information sources into data products

SDR Payload and processingMicroSATs Ground Big Data

Formation

Flying

ADCS

& GNC

RF SDR

Payload

Prop

TT&C

IHU

EPS

Battery

Comms P/L CPU

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Pathfinder Mission Overview

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► 3 Microsatellites

► Formation Flying

• 125 – 250 km baseline

► Circular orbit

• 575 km

• 10:30 Sun synchronous

► All spacecraft identical

► SDR Payload

► Independent RF Geolocation Mission

► Launch in Q4 2017

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A Brief History of SmallSat RF Missions

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► RF Missions becoming more commonplace

• Asset Tracking / M2M

• Ship tracking via AIS

• GPS Radio Occultation

• RF Survey

► Today

• Independent RF Geolocation

► On the horizon

• Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)

Communications Signals Imagery

Government to

Government

Commercial to

Government

Commercial to

Commercial

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Applications

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► Pathfinder Mission enables:

• Spectrum Mapping

• Counting and Analytics

• Ionospheric Monitoring and Metrology

• Interference Mitigation

• Natural Resource Protections

• Emergency Response

• Asset Management

• Multi-Int Tip and Cue

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Geolocation Algorithms

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► TDOA / FDOA• Bread and butter algorithm

• Measure RF Bursts- Time of Arrival (TOA)

- Frequency (FOA)

- Uniquely identifying Meta-data

• Difference measurements and solve for emitter state vector

• Continuous operations possible

► Blind Coherent Integration (BCI)

• Proprietary algorithm

• Provisional patent filed

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Spacecraft

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► Deep Space Industries (DSI) is the Prime

► UTIAS SFL providing the spacecraft

• NEMO-15 bus (~20U)

• < 15 kg wet

• 3-axis stable

• S/X Communications for high rate downlink- 3 – 50 Mbps Syrlinks X-Band TX

• Low rate backup comms channels

► DSI providing propulsion

• Up to 100 m/s ΔV per spacecraft

• Intrinsically safe, water-based design

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Payload

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► Software Defined Radio

► Common COTS architecture

• AD9361 + Zynq SOC (ARM + FPGA)

► 70 MHz – 6 GHz

• Possible extension to Ku Band via LNBs

► Leveraging Free Open Source Software (FOSS)

• GNURadio

• Drivers + FPGA signal conditioning

• RF Network on a Chip (RFNOC)

► Space-qualified version baselined

► Custom RF Front end

► Band Specific and Wide bandwidth Antennas

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Propulsion

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► Electrothermal Water Engine (Comet-1-750)

• Developed by DSI for deep space missions

• Exhaust is super-heated water vapor

► Performance

• 200 s ISP

• 2.6 W/mN

• Approximately 100 m/s ΔV in our configuration

► Differentiators

• Low power, no RF noise-makers

• Impulsive, high Isp

• Launches safe, unpressurized and it's water

► Key enabler for HawkEye's Pathfinder mission

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Formation Flying

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► Goals

• Maintain co-visibility of ground emitters among all 3 spacecraft

• Maximize cluster geometric diversity

► J2-Invariant Formation

• 2 spacecraft co-planar250 km separation

• 1 spacecraft offset in plane

- 10 km / 0.0824° cross-track (RAAN)

► Leveraging SFL's success with CanX-4&5

► High ΔV margin allows for experimentation with:

• A wider formation (more cross-track offset)

• novel formations

• accelerated de-orbit at end of life

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Geolocation Accuracy

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► Monte-Carlo Simulations

• Simulating signals and error sources

► Cramer Rao Lower Bound

• Determine the limits of accuracy in the presence of realistic noisy variables

• CRLB Maps from grid evaluation

► Assumptions

• GPSDO Performance

- 20 ns σTOA

- 0.5 ppb σFOA

• AIS Signal

- 162.025 MHz, 15.6 dB SNR (on the horizon)

► More observations lead to increased accuracy

• 1 pulse vs. 9 pulses

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Geolocation Accuracy

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1 Burst at Equator 1 Burst at Pole 9 Bursts at Equator

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Full Constellation

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► 18 satellites

• 6 Clusters of 3 spacecraft

• 2 Clusters per plane in 3 planes

► High revisit rate even with the baseline

constellation

► Uses orbits and inclinations readily

available from cluster launch providers

► Larger / tailored constellations possible

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Conclusion

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► Thanks for coming! Enjoy your week in

Logan!

► Visit with HawkEye 360 at Booth 138 on the

lower (first) floor.

► Also show some love to our partners:

• Deep Space Industries (DSI)

• UTIAS SFL

► We're Hiring!

cajacob presentation (1)

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