California Language points

Unit 1

Write on the map the names of as many of the following as you can.尽可能在图中标出所提示的地名。

as much as(+ 数量词）

as many as （ + 数词）

as…as possible/one can

as quickly as one can

as early as one can

1. The trip cost us ____ 2000 dollars.

2. He bought ____ 20 books last week.

3. You may take __ you like.

a big following n. 一批追随者

the following adj. 下列的 n. 下列的人（事物）

following prep.1._____ the speech, there will be a few

minutes for questions.

2.I went to see him the _____ afternoon.

3.The following _____ been selected to play in tomorrow’s game.

4.The band has a big _____ in Europe.

Compare your answers with other groups.compare one’s answers with sb. 交换答案

compare…with/ to 比得上 ( 否： with )

compare…to 比作

compared…to/with 与比起来

compare one’s notes with sb. 交换意见

beyond compare 无可比拟

1.My composition can’t __________ yours.

2.It’s necessary to ________ English ____ Chinese in English study.

3.When _______ ________ the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.

4.There is nothing ________________ a nice cold drink when you get home after work.

compare with

compare

withcompared with

to compare with

Native Americans

California is ___ third largest state in the USA but has the largest population (over 30 million people) ． __ is also the most multicultural state in the US. This is not surprising when you know the history of California ， _____ ， at various times ， has attracted people from nearly every country in the world.

the

It

which

In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own ， which today still keeps up its Danish culture 。

multi ．是“多、多方面、多方向”的意思。例如： multi-coloured 多色的 multi-racial(country) 多种族的 ( 国家 ) multi-media 多媒体 multiparty 多党制的 multiparty system 多党制multi-purpose 多种用途、多功能、通用

Exactly when the first people arrived in _____ (what , which, that ) we now know as California no one really knows ． _____(However, But), ____ (it, this, that) is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago ．

介词 + 宾语从句

what, whatever, that, which, where, it, who, whoever, whomever

1.I don’t care about ___ people call position. 2. He gave a description of ___ he had seen.

3. Men differ from animals in ___ they can think and speak. 4. Give it to ____ you like. 5. In some countries, ___ is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people. 6. We soon got to ___ used to be a village. 7.You should rise from __ you fall down.

Sb. is (very/most) likely to do sth.

It is probable/(very/most)likely/possible that…

It is possible for sb. to do sth.

Correct the following sentences.

她有可能赢得这场比赛。1.She is possible to win the match.

2. It’s likely for her to win the match.

3. She is probable to win the match.

4. She will most possibly win the match.

_______

She is likely to win the match.

____

It’s possible for her to win the match.

______

She is likely to win the match.

_______She is most likely to win the match.

1.Which team do you think is ____ to win the final?

2. ___ Do you think he will succeed?

___ Well, he’s helped by so many classmates, what is more, he works extremely hard. So he will ___ succeed.

3. ____ Could you ____ take care of my dog while I am away?

_____ Sure. Leave it to me, please.

probable/probably/likely/possible/possibly

Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times ．

means 是单复数同形的名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循意义一致原則。常见的这类名词还有 Chinese( 中国人 ) ， sheep( 绵羊 ) ， deer( 鹿 ) ， works( 工厂 ) ， crossroads( 十字路口 ) ，series( 系列 ) ，

by means of by using 用……办法；借助by no means=not a bit; not in the least 决不；并没有by all means 一定 ; 务必； ( 表示答应 ) 当然可以

by means of 借助

by this means 用这种方式

in this way ( 简单的 )

with this method ( 有条理的 )

in this manner( 强调做事的方法 )

by all means=anyway 无论如何

by all means

at all best 尽一切办法

Surely 务必

Of course 当然可以

All possible means ________ been tried.= Every possible means_____ been tried.一切可能的办法都试过了。

旅行的最快方式是乘飞机。

The quickest means of travel is by plane ．

1.I loved duck cooked in Chinese manner.

2. We solved the problem with/by this method/in this way.

3. We express our feelings by means of words.

4. We crossed the river by means of a boat.

In the 16th century ， after the arrival of Europeans ， the native people suffered greatly ．Thousands were killed or forced into slavery.

In addition ， many died from the diseases brought by Europeans.

as well (as)

=besides

=in addition (to)

=(apart from)

adv. (prep.)

However, some survived these terrible times and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.

Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States ．

Of the first Spanish to go to California ， the majority were religious men who came to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.

majoritythe largest part of a group of people or things 大多数 ; 大半

in the ／ a majority 占多数；属多数majority adj ．多数 ( 人 ) 的；大多数的 the majority ofminority n ．少数；少数派

majority ， family ， class ， group ， team ，government, public ， enemy, army ， audience ， committee 等集体名词作主语时，若将其视作一个整体则谓语动词用单数；若强调各个成员，則谓语动词用复数

1.The population of our country is over 1,000 million, the majority of which ____ (is , are) peasants.

2.The majority ____ (were, was) against the plan.

3.His family ___ (is, are ) very big and all of his family __(love, loves) music.

4.The majority of the people interviewed ___ TV to radio.

In 1821 ， the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain ． California then became part of Mexico.

However, in 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico and after it lost the war, Mexico had to give California to the United States ．

Declare vt.1) 宣告；公告。例如： 2) 声称；断言；宣称。例如：

1)She declared that she knew nothing about it ．2)War was declared on the enemy.

1) 她声称对此事一无所知。2) 已向敌人宣战。

In 1848 ， not long after the American—Mexican war, gold was discovered in California ． not long after: soon after

Many died or returned home ， but most remained in California to make a life for themselves in the new towns or on farms.

1.Only one apple _____ on the tree.

2.He bought an apple with the ______ two yuan.

3.Much ______ to be done.

remain

By the time California became the thirty-first state of the United States of America in 1850 ， it was already a multicultural society ．

Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period ， it was the building of the railway from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s ．

Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California ，although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the “Chinatowns’’ of Los Angeles and San Francisco.

Since its beginning in the 1970s ， the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California ．

It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no major racial or cultural groups ， but simply a mixture of many races and cultures ．

mix 1. 混合；拌和 2 ．混合；结合 ．mix…with ／ and 把……和……混合mix…in ／ into( 烹调时 ) 将……和入； 将……掺入mix up 搅匀；拌和；混淆；弄混be ／ get mixed up (in/with) 混合的；搀和的；混杂的mixture n ．混合；混合状态；混合物

1) 他虽然不会说话，但能通过手势让别人知道他的意思。 (by means of)2) 他宣称他是正确的。 (declare)3) 鼓起勇气，成功就属于你。 (keep up)4 ) 他说的话打动了我。 (subject Clause)

1)He couldn’t speak ， but made himself understood by means of signs ．

2) He declared that he was right ．

3) Keep up your courage ， and success will be yours ．

4)What he said moved me ．

5) 事实是我从未到过那儿。(Appositive Clause)

6) 显而易见，英语很重要。(Subject Clause)

7) 问题是我们下一步该怎么办。 (Predicative Clause)

8) 玛丽认为他会帮助她。(Object Clause)9) 人们认为运动会会按计划举行。 (Subject Clause)

6)The fact is that I have never been there ．7)It is clear that English is very important.

8)The problem is what we should do next ．9)Mary thinks that he will help her.

10)It is believed that the sports meet will be held as planned ．

occur -to happen ； to appear 发生；出现occur to (sb) ( 某人 ) 想到It occurs to sb that… 某人想起／想夕It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想起／想到做莱事occurrence 发生；出现； (偶然 ) 事件occurrent adj ．正在发生的；偶然发生的

Cattle 牛 (总称 ) cattle 作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。

indicate vt ．指出 ; 标示 ; 表明 ;暗示

indicate sb ／ sth to sb 把某人／某物指给某人看；向某人提及或暗示某人／某物

indicate that / who/what / where /when / why ／ how…指出……

apparent 显而易见的；显然的apparently adv ．显然地；显而易见地

Homework

1. P 48 Exs1-2

2. P 49 Ex 1

3. Read the text on page 8 and finish Ex. 1on page 9