生物複合材料及實習 - 國立中興大學web.nchu.edu.tw/pweb/users/eric/lesson/2422.pdfjapan...

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吳志鴻

2007/09/11

國立中興大學森林學系

生物複合材料及實習

JyhJyh--Horng WuHorng Wu

課程大綱

本課程以資源永續為出發，介紹生物複合材

料的加工與利用以及常見的性質分析方法，

並配合實習實作方式，以引領同學對生物複

合材料有更深入的了解與認識。。


學期成績

期中考 30%

期末考 40%

實習成績 30%


參考書目

Haygreen, J. G. and J. L. Bowyer (2003) Forest Forest products and wood scienceproducts and wood science. 4th Edition. Iowa State University Press.

Rowell, R. M. (2005) Handbook of wood Handbook of wood chemistry and wood composites.chemistry and wood composites. CRC Press.

Wool, R. P. and X. S. Sun (2005) BioBio--based based polymers and composites.polymers and composites. Elsevier.

陳載永等 (2006) 合板合板。木工家具雜誌。

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講義下載


講義下載

Wood Composites


The wood composition boards

Structural PanelsStructural Panels

Nonstructural PanelsNonstructural Panels

Other Types of CompositesOther Types of Composites


Bio-Based Composites

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A compositecomposite can be defined as two or more elements held together by a matrix.

By this definition, what we call “solid woodsolid wood” is a composite.

Solid wood is a three-dimensional composite composed of cellulosecellulose, hemicelluloseshemicelluloses and ligninlignin (with smaller amounts of inorganicsand extractives), held together by a lignin matrix.




組合板（Composition board）


以粉碎之木材或其他木質原料，用膠合劑在溫度及

壓力條件下，製成之板狀材料；所謂粉碎之木材，

乃指木材被細分為粒片（Particles）或纖維（Fibers）。

狹義狹義：粒片板與纖維板。

廣義廣義：任何不同種類之板材與他種板材或薄板材

料之組合，可分別操作或一次加壓成品。

組合板及生物複合材料之定義



木質材料（ Wood-based materials ）

包括合板（Plywood）、層積材（Laminated wood）、單板層積材（Laminated veneer lumber，LVL）、粒片板（Particleboard）、定向粒片板（oriented strand board，OSB）、長薄片型粒片板（Flaskboard）、方薄片型粒片板（Waferboard）、成型粒片板（Molded particleboard）、纖維板（Fiberboard）、成型纖維板（Molded Fiberboard）、定向纖維板（Oriented fiberboard）等各類木質板材之總稱。


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生物複合材料（ Bio-Based Composites ）

以粉碎之生物纖維材料，如木材、木質纖維及農業

生產之動植物纖維廢料、稻草、麥桿、稻殼、蔗

渣、椰子、皮革等，經不同預備處理後，藉上膠、

熱壓或冷壓而成之板狀及不同形狀之材料或一次成

型之產品，其包括所有組合板及木質材料。


Wood Composites

The advantages of developing wood composites are

To use smaller treesTo use waste wood from other processingTo remove defectsTo create more uniform components To develop composites that are stronger than the original solid woodTo be able to make composites of different shapes


Wood Composites


Basic wood elements, from largest to smallest (Marra 1979).

A periodic table of wood elements

Wood Composites

Historically, wood was used only in its solid form as large timbers or lumber.

As the availability of large-diameter trees decreased (and the price increased) the wood industry looked to replace large-timber products and solid lumber with reconstituted wood products made using smaller diameter trees and saw and pulp mill wastes.


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Wood Composites


New composite products

started with very thick laminates for glued laminated beams (glulamglulam), to thin veneers for plywoodplywood, to strands for strandboardstrandboard, to flakes for flakeboardflakeboard, to particles for particleboardparticleboard, to fibers for fiberboardfiberboard.

Wood Composites


Large composite beam made from laminated lumber.

Wood Composites


Thin veneers used to make plywood.

Wood Composites


Flakes used to make flakeboard.

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Wood Composites


Particles used to make particleboard.

Wood Composites


Classification of wood composite boards by particle sizeparticle size, densitydensity, and process typeprocess type (Suchsland and Woodson 1986).


Wood Composites


As the size of the composite element gets smaller,

it is possible to either remove defects (knots, cracks, checks, etc) or redistribute them to reduce their effect on product properties. the composite becomes more like a true material, i.e. consistent, uniform, continuous, predictable, and reproducible (Marra 1979).

Wood Composites


Now it was possible to create a structure from wood with graceful lines, and a new structural element that was aesthetic as well as functional was introduced.

Japan Miyazaki-Dome built in 2004 (Photo by S. Suzuki).

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Wood Composites


The modern plywoodmodern plywood industry began around19101910 (but the furniture industry had used veneers over solid wood for several hundred years beforethat).

The particleboardparticleboard industry started in the 19401940’’ss

the hardboardhardboard industry around 19501950

the flakeboardflakeboard and medium density medium density fiberboard (MDF)fiberboard (MDF) industries in the early 1960s1960s

Wood Composites



Structural PanelsStructural Panels

Nonstructural PanelsNonstructural Panels

Other Types of CompositesOther Types of Composites

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生物複合材料及實習 - 國立中興大學web.nchu.edu.tw/pweb/users/eric/lesson/2422.pdfjapan...

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