cetiri strateske teme stamebene politike
TRANSCRIPT
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, 6. - 7. 2006.
REPUBBLICA ITALIANA
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- www.unhabitat.org.yu [email protected] : , 2006. , , , , . , , (-), -- . , .
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1
1.
- 2. ( )
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 : , / 2.5 2.6
3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
4. 4.1 4.2 4.3
2
1.
1.1
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1.2 2.
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7
3. 2021.
3.1 3.2 3.3
4. : 5.
5.1 5.2 5.3
6. 6.1 6.2 6.3
7. 3
1.
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
2. 2.1.
2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2005 2015 2.1.4 () 2.1.5 ()
2.2. 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4
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2.3. 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3
3. 3.1.
3.1.1 3.1.2
3.2. 3.2.1 " " 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.2.5 3.2.6 3.2.7 3.2.8
3.3. 3.3.1 3.3.2
4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3.
5.
4
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1.1 1.2 , /
2. 3.
3.1 3.2 3.3 / 3.4 3.5
I II III
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. , , , , , ( / ). , , . . , . . , , , , . ( , , ), . , , , , . 2.6 (), . 1991-2002 ( ), () , 8% 5%. , , . / 145 000 ( 82 000 ). 1990-, . , , 120 000. / , . (, , , ) . (, , , , ), (, 2005). , , , .
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. . 3. 3.1 2002. . 2002. , , ( ) . , , , . ( ), , . , , 7, . 3.2 2002. 2005. ( ) , . 2003. . , 1995. . 3.3 , , , , , . : . 10%, . 40 . 0.5% . , ., , . , (20% 20 0.1%)
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( 5% 6%). , . . , 1000 , (, , , ). , , 20% , 20 0,5% . , , . , , , , . , , , . - 7 . 1990- . , / . 3.4 ( ) 8. . , , . , ( , , , , , , , .), .
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(98% ), . 2% ( 20% ). 25.000 500 ( ). , , (40 0.5%), 50 2.000 , 9 . , , 500 . , 110 50 . 46 1.5 % , . , (50% ), . . - , , , . 30 2006 , , , . .
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, . (2004) , : . Priemus, H. (1992) Housing Indicators: An Instrument in International Housing Policy? The Netherlands Journal of Housing and Environmental Policy, Vol. 1. no. 2, pp. 157-186. Pugh, P. (1980) Housing in Capitalist Countries. Westmead: Gower Publishing Co. Tsenkova, S. (2003) Housing Policy Matters: The Reform Path in Central and Eastern Europe, In; Tsenkova, S. and S. Lowe (eds) Housing Change in Eastern and Central Europe: Integration orFragmentation. Ashgate. Aldershot. UN ECE (2006) Guidelines on Social Housing, Principles and Examples, New York and Geneva: United Nations, Economic Commission for Europe. World Bank (2005) Rental Choice and Housing Policy Realignment in Transition: Post-privatization Challenges in the Europe and Central Asia Region, Washington DC: World Bank.
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1. . , , (, , ), , , , . , . , . , 40 , , . : , , 2006, 2. , , . , 28. 1. 2004., . ,9 10 , . 1.1 . , , . 1. , , , , . ( ) . 2. , , , . , , , . . 1.2 , :
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- ; - ; - . , ( ) . " " 1931. . , (1945-1960), ("") , (" ") , . "" . " " 1949. . 1963., " " " " (" ") . (""), : . " " 1961. 1965. . , , . " " " " 1974. , " " 1974. 1985. . " ", , . " " , , " ". , ( , ; ; ; ; ; ) "". , " " 10 , . , , , , , . , . ( ), , , , , . ( ) .
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2. , ( "" ). 17 , 11 6 , 1 645 172 3 224 . , " " 776 , 11 1 322 000 , . . 2.1 1 323 434 475 160 20 . 22,3% 60 . 21,1% () 150 200 000 () 150 - 200 000 (2001-2021) 0 ( 2002., ) ( ), , . , ( ), , , , ( , ). 2.2
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480 631 29 234 331 , " " ( ). 2,7 , 22,1 2 . 2.3 98,5% 1,5% " " , , , . 2.4 97,3% 2,7% 1990. 1995., . " " , .
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2.5 : 98,5% 0,7% : 82,5% 13,5% 99,9% : 54,8% 45,2% 0,7% ( 2002; : 480 631) . , "" . , " " :" ". "" . 2.6 ( ) 0,5 % 23,6 % 41,1 % 24,6 % 7,2 % 1,8 % 1,3 % 1,3 % 8,5 % ( 2002. 480 631) , . 2.7 1918. 2,1 % 1919 1961. 20,1 % 1961 1981. 46,7 % 1981 2001. 29,6 % 1,4 % ( 2002. 480 631) . , .
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3. 2021. % 287,73 2,30 1.449,97 12,34 3.139,09 25,05 1.605,38 12,81 500,27 3,99 144,43 1,15 () 5.430,21 43,34 : 2.653,03 100,00 43% 2002. . , ( ), . 3. 3.1 : - ; - . ( 2002. - ). : 34 18 91 850 32 480 29 400 9 550 0,1 0,2 0,01 0,1 20 150 7 950 32 800 9 950 (2) 2 145 600 704 900 . "". ( 42 750) 3 " ", .
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3.2 160 2003. . , 130.000 . 11 . 2021. ( ). , . . , , 20-160 , . , 50 300 . , " " ( , ) 20 2. , ( 25 60% ), 30%. 3.3 : -
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108.193 2002. 247.591 2002 ( ) 400.000 - 450.000 13 500.000 800.000 1.3. . (, , , , , , .); . . . . 11 . 12 , . , ., 2005, , , ; : 2002. 13 Liegeois, J-P., Gheorghe, N., 1995: Roma/Gypsies: A European Minority, Minority Right Group International, London, http://www.minorityrights.org/admin/Download/Pdf/Romareport.pdf
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14 World Bank, 2005: Poverty, Social Exclusion, and Ethnicity in Serbia and Montenegro: The Case of the Roma http://www.worldbank.org/roma 15 , ., 1990.: - (On the bottom - Roma on the edge of poverty), ,
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1.6. , . . , . 4: 28% 22% / 35% 63% 35% 15% 2% - 100% 100% : , 2002 . : ( , , .); ( , ); ( ). 5:
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. , . , , , ., . "", " " . , , , ., . . , . , , , , . . 2.3.3. . . . , , . , , 75% . 30% . -, 80% . - . , " ". . , , 25 - 30% , . , - . - .
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Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015,2005, Ministry of Youth, Family, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities, Budapest (), 2002: , , 47/2003 , 2001, , IUCN/ UNEP/ WWF, 1991: Caring for the Earth- A Strategy for Sustainable Living, Gland, Switzerland , . , ., 2005, , , - , , , 2005, Liegeois, J-P., Gheorghe, N., 1995: Roma/Gypsies: A European Minority, Minority Right Group International, London, http://www.minorityrights.org/admin/Download/Pdf/Romareport.pdf Macura, V. and Petrovic, M., 1999: (Housing, urban planning and poverty: Problems faced by Roma/Gypsy communities with particular reference to Central and Eastern Europe, roma\mgsrom\doc99\MG-S-ROM (99) 1e, Savet Evrope, Strasburg Macura, V. i Vuksanovic, Z., 2005: Roma Housing and Settlements in South East Europe: Profile and Achievements in Serbia in a Comparative Framework, OSCE/ODIHR, Varava (u pripremi) , 2005: , , , ., 1990: - , , , 2002, . OSCE/ODIHR, 2005: OSCE Action plan in OSCE Human dimension commitments, Volume 1 and 2, Warsaw , (), 2005 , , 2003 UN Millennium Project, 2005: A Home in the City, Task Force on Improving the Lives of Slum Dwellers UN-HABITAT, 2003: Inclusive Cities Towards Cities for All, Nairobi UNCHS, 1997: The Habitat Agenda, Nairobi, UNCHS World Bank, 2005: Poverty, Social Exclusion, and Ethnicity in Serbia and Montenegro: The Case of the Roma http://www.worldbank.org/roma
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( 2005.) ( , 2002.) ( 2002.)
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. - ( ) 10% - 15% . 652 5 8 ( ) , 20-25% . , . 1% , 50 652, 1000 . 1.2. , / (stakeholders) . , , - . , . . , , , / . . (stakeholders) / , . , , , . , , , . , ( ) , , . , . . , , . , , . . 2. : - . , / . - . , - .
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I - - . , . , . . , - - - - , . . . , ( , , ...) , , , , . , . . . : ) ) . , , . ( ) ( , , , , , .) , . . II 1992. ( 50/92, 76/92, 84/92, 33/93, 53/93, 67/93, 46/94, 47/94, 48/94, 44/95, 49/95, 16/97, 46/98, 26/2001). 1992. 1990. , , . , 24%
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( , ): " : - , ". . , , . , , . ( 43/93) , (. 43/93) , . , . , . . ( ). . 1995. ( 44/95). : / , . . , , . , , . (1) , (2) , (3) . , , . , 10 . . , , , , , . , . , . , . ( ) ( ), : (1) , () , (3) . , 2000. 36 ( 1998. , 2000. ). . ( , , ). . - ( , 2004. ) 62% . ,
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, . . , : (1) , . (2) . . . (3) , , 50 100 . - . (4) . , , . ( , ), , . , , de facto , . III - ( Guidelines on Condominium Ownership of Housing for Countries in Transition) (Condominium) , , " /", /. (Condominium ownership) / : (1) ; (2) (, , .); (3) , . (Jointly owned parts) , , " ". " " : , , , , , , , (/ Conditions, 1984:11) ( 44/95). : , , , , . : , , , , . , , , . , , , , . . , , ,
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. " " . (Owners association) . . (Administrator) , . , . , , . , .
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( , 44/95). ( 50/92, 76/92, 84/92, 33/93, 53/93, 67/93, 46/94, 47/94, 48/94, 44/95, 49/95, 16/97, 46/98, 26/2001). , (1993), . : . Mojovic, Djordje (2006), Managing Privatized Housing in Serbia () Stuck in the Past. Energy, Environment and Poverty. Serbia and Montenegro (2004). Belgrade: UNDP ( , 43/93) , : , 1984. United Nations: Economic Commission for Europe. Country profiles on The Housing Sector. Serbia and Montenegro. New York and Geneva (2005). ECE/HBP/139 United Nations: Economic Commission for Europe. Guidelines on Condominium Ownership of Housing for Countries in Transition. Geneva. ECE/HBP/123