CFRP 재활용기술부제 : 물을이용하여버려지는CFRP에서고가의탄소섬유회수

2016년 8월 25일

한국과학기술연구원

고문주선임연구원 (goh@kist.re.kr)

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CFRP 시장

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CFRP 시장 동향

(자료 : Lux Research, lnc. 2014)

시장규모: 9만톤 (2015)

시장규모: 18만톤 (2020)

시장규모: 21조원 (2015)

시장규모: 42조원 (2020)

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Issues on CFRP Automobile

Cost of Carbon Fiber

• Current $ 20/kg

• Target $ 10/kg

Recycle

Repair

Issues• Sustainable Manufacturing Cost

• Waste of Valuable Resource

• Environmental Pollution

• Lowering Properties Limitation of Application

• Selective Dissolution of CFRP

• Continuity and Orientation of CF in Dissolved CFRP

There is no method to solve both of the recycle and repair problems

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EU의 재활용관련 정책

The New Waste Framework Directive (2008, 11)

- 폐기물의 매립제한, 리사이클 촉진

- 환경영향 감소에 있어서 생산자의 책임

범위를 확대

- 2011년말부터 CFRP 폐기물의 매립을

전면 금지

국내업체의 유럽 진출시

- 유럽의 CO2 규제 이외에 재활용 기술 필요

(규제: 전체의 85% 이상, 유럽과일본은 95% 이상기술보유중)

- CFRP 적용을 위해서는 재활용 기술

확보가 필연적

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CFRP Recycle 시장

10000.00

12000.00

15000.00

18000.00

21000.00

25000.00

29000.00

35000.00

42000.00

50000.00

800.00 1000.00 1300.00 1700.00 2000.00

2400.00 2600.00 3300.00 4000.00 5000.00

0.00

5000.00

10000.00

15000.00

20000.00

25000.00

30000.00

35000.00

40000.00

45000.00

50000.00

55000.00

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026

Global Korea

(tons)

(1000 억)

(5000 억)

(80 억)

(500 억)

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분해방법 단체명 국가 처리능력 (ton/year)

열분해방법

Whisca(주) 일본

ELG Carbon Fibre 독일, 영국 2000 ton/year

HADEG Recycleing GmBH 독일

ReFibre 덴마크

YF-International 네델란드

Procotex 프랑스

Technical Fibre products 영국

Karborex 이탈리아 1000 ton/year

CFK Valley 독일 1000 ton/year

Material Innovation

Technologies미국 2200 ton/year

탄소섬유

리사이클

기술개발

조합

일본 1000 ton/year

도레이 일본 2016 완공, 공장건설중

미츠비시레이온 일본 2015,6 공장신설

탄소섬유리사이클공업 일본

Firebird 미국 마이크로웨이브+가열로

화학분해법 Hitachi화성공업 일본Benzyl alcohol, 상압,

200 ton/year

초아임계분해법 시즈오카대학교 일본 초임계알콜, 가압

복합계(열+화학) Adherent Technologies 미국 400 ton/year (2014 )

전기 산화법 야도리사이클기술연구소 일본 500 ton/year (2015 )

가열수증기법 파인세라믹센터 일본 가열수증기분해

CFRP 재활용 사업화 단체

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Thermal Pyrolysis Method

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KIST Recycling Method

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KIST Recycling MethodAdvantages and Innovations

□ Use water as a recycling medium

□ Use inexpensive chemical additive: under 70 \ (KRW)/kg

□ Mild operation condition: at 60 150 C, 1 8 atm.

□ No exhaust gases as like CO2, NOx, or dioxin

□ High reclaiming ratio of R-CF : over 95%

□ High reclaiming ratio of R-CF : over 95%

에폭시 수지의 리사이클 가능성

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KIST Recycling MethodEquipment Investment Cost

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KIST Recycling MethodEquipment Investment Cost

도입 설비비 : 10억/500톤

(화학반응기, 물증발기)

유지보수비 (20년) : 10억

도입 설비비 : 100억/500톤

(소각로, 후연소기)

유지보수비 (20년) : 400억

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KIST Recycling MethodCost Structure

High equipment

investment costHigh delivery cost

High raw material cost High recycling cost

Only a few recycling plant

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KIST Recycling MethodCost Structure

Low equipment

investment costLow delivery cost

Low raw material cost Low recycling cost

Many recycling plant

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Productivity

- 0.1 ton/2h

- 0.8 ton / day (8 times / day)

(1일 평균가동시간 16시간 기준)

- 20 ton / month (월평균 25일 기준)

- 240 ton / year

KIST Recycling MethodProductivity

Chemical reactor:

- Volume: 5,000 L

- Max. temperature: 150 C

- Max. pressure: 15 bar

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KIST Recycling MethodProductivity

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KIST Recycling MethodProcess Cost and Energy Consumption

Reference: [1] Hitachi Technical Report 2013, [2] SAE Technical Paper 2013

KIST Method

Total recycling cost

< 1.2 EUR/kg

Clean

Tech

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□ 고품질의 탄소섬유 회수 가능 (전기전도도, 강도 등)

KIST Recycling Method

Quality of R-CF

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KIST Recycling MethodCreating high value-added products

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MethodInitial

Investment

Process

Cost

Clean

TechnologyProductivity

Energy

Consumption

Quality

of R-CFApplicability

Chemical

Method

KIST

Method◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎

Hitachi

Method◎ △ △ △ △ △ X

Supercritical

WaterX ◎ ○ X △ △ ○

Hot Steam X ◎ ○ X ○ ○ ○

Pyrolysis

Method

Thermal △ ○ X ◎ ◎ △ ○

Microwave △ ○ △ ○ ◎ △ ○

Fluidized Bed △ ◎ X ◎ ◎ X ○

Electro

Chemical△ ○ ○ ○ △ △ ○

◎ Excellent ○ Good △ Fair X Poor

KIST Recycling Method

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KIST Recycling Method – Technical Repots

1. Epoxy : DGEBA derivative

2. Curing agent: Jeffamine derivative

3. Manufacturing method: Filament winding

4. Resin content: ca. 22 wt%

5. Recycling condition: at 120 C for 30 minBefore After

1. Epoxy : Loctite EP1661R

2. Curing agent: Loctite EP1661H

3. Manufacturing method: HP-RTM

4. Resin content: ca. 32.9 wt%

5. Operating condition: at 120 C for 30 min

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KIST Repairing Method

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KIST Repairing Method

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Thank yoy for your kind attention