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1

]n.- sI. _me-Ir-jvW≥(1926-˛1991)

Ncn-{X-K-th-j-I\pw ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I\pw Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\pw. Fd-Wm-Ip-f-Øn-\-SpØv

FS-h-\-°m v́ P\n®p. Izn‰v C¥ym ka-c-hp-ambn _‘-s∏ v́ Pbn¬hm-k-a-\p-jvTn-

t°≠nh∂-Xn-\m¬ tImf-Pv-hn-Zym-̀ ymkw apS-ßn. ]n∂oSv cmjv{So-b-{]-h¿Ø-\-

Ønepw ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-Ønepw hym]r-X-\mbn. "Zn\-{]-̀ '-bpsS FUn-‰¿; Zo¿L-

Imew "tIc-f-Iu-apZn' ]{Xm-[n-]-k-an-Xn-bw-Kw, "am[yaw' Zn\-]-{X-Øns‚ No v̂

FUn‰¿. Ipam-c-\m-im-s\bpw Fgp-Ø-—-s\bpwIpdn®p \S-Ønb ]T-\-߃ B

taJ-e-I-fn¬ ]pXnb shfn®w ]c-Øn. tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Zan Ahm¿Upw

(1974), hb-em¿ cma-h¿a Ahm¿Upw (1978) e`n-® C\n Rm≥ Dd-ß-s´, PmXn-hy-h-

ÿbpw tIcfNcn-{X-hpw XpS-ßn-bh IrXn-Iƒ. 1991 G{]n¬ 3˛\p \ncym-X-\m-bn.

hniZ hnh-c-߃°v: www.pkbalakrishnan.com.

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]n.- sI. _me-IrjvWs‚ R߃ {]kn-≤o-I-cn® a‰p IrXn-Iƒ

t\mh¬

πqt´m {]nb-s∏´ πqt´m

C\n Rm≥ Dd-ßs´

teJ-\-w

]n.-sI. _me-Ir-jvWs‚ teJ-\-߃

tIc-fo-bXbpw a‰pw

]T\w

Imhy-Ie Ipam-c-\m-im-\n-eqsS

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3

]n. sI. _me-Ir-jvW≥

N-¥p-ta-t\m≥- -̨̨ -̨ -Hcp ]T\w

Un kn _pIvkv

B

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Malayalam LanguageChandu Menon-Oru Padanam

Studyby P. K. Balakrishnan

© D C Books/Rights ReservedFirst edition July 2006

First e-book edition October 2010

Cover DesignBaiju Kurumulloor

PublishersD C Books, Kottayam 686 001

Kerala State, Indiawebsite : www.dcbooks.come-mail : info@dcbooks.com

Although utmost care has been taken in the preparation of this book, neither the publishers northe editors/compilers can accept any liability for any consequence arising from the informationcontained therein. The publisher will be grateful for any information, which will assist them in

keeping future editions up to date.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, or transmitted in any formor by any means, without prior written permission of the publisher.

ISBN 81-264-1268-2

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Fs‚ Kpcp-\m-Y-\mb

{io sI -sP -A-e-Ivkm-≠¿amÿ°v

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"....Every great writer brings one absolutely newthing into the world˛̨˛̨ himself....''"....It must be remembered too, that even themost original men˛̨̨ ˛ the men who are most com-pletely themselves˛̨˛̨ have their intellectualancestry....''

W.H.HUDSON(An Outline History of English Literature)

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D≈-S°w

{]kvXm-h\

]pXnb Nne hni-Zo-I-c-W-߃

apJ-hpc

1.- Hcp kz]v\w

2. kc-k-\mb [n°mcn

3.- tI-c-f-Øns‚ dnss\-k≥kv

4. "Cw•ojv'˛̨̨˛amPnIv hm‚pw ^ntem-k-̂ nbpw

5.- i-]n-°-s∏´ ]Xn-s\-́ m-a-≤ymbw

6.- I-ebpw kmaq-ly-hn-π-hhpw

7.- F-¥mWp t\mh¬?

8. -N-¥p-ta-t\ms‚ t\mh¬inev]w˛̨̨˛Nne s]mXp-\n-co-£-W-߃

9.- C-µp-te-J-bn¬\n∂pw imc-Z-bn-te°v

10.- Nne an{i-]-cn-K-W-\-Iƒ

11. Hm¿°m-∏p-dØp hoW IdpØ Xnc-»oe

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{]kvXm-h\

{]kvXm-h\ IqSm-sX-Xs∂ ]pkvXIw ]pd-Øn-d-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈p.F∂n´pw Cß-s\sbms∂gpXn-t®¿°p∂-Xv, kXyw ]d-™m¬,

\nb-{¥n-°m-\m-hmØ Hcp XmXv]-cyw-sIm-≠m-Wv. Fs‚ t]cn-en-dßp∂BZysØ ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v F\n-°n-Xn-t\mSp sshIm-cn-I-amb Hcp {]tXyI ASp-∏-ap-≠v. Pohn-X-Øn-te-‰hpw kt¥m-j-tØmsSRm≥ Ipdn-°p∂ hmN-I-߃ CXm-sW∂p ]d-™m¬ Fs‚ Aev]-Xz-tØm-sSm∏w Cßs\ H∂v Fgp-Xn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xns‚ Imc-WhpwIqSn \nß-fqln-°p-a-t√m.

1956 sk]vXw-_-dn-emWv Cu ]pkvXIw Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. Fs¥-¶nepwFgp-tX-≠n-h-∂m¬ H‰-∏n-Sn-Ø-Øn\v Fgp-Xn-Øo¿t°-≠n-h-cp∂ A°m-esØ Ign-hp-tI-S-\p-k-cn-®v, c≠m-gvN-sIm≠v CsX-gp-Xn-Øo¿Øp. Ipdn-∏p-Ifpw hnh-c-ß-fp-sams° t\ctØ-Xs∂ ssIbn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.]pkvXI-sa-gp-XWsa∂p≈ {]tXy-tIm-t±-iy-sam∂pw IqSm-sX, N¥p-tat\m-s\-°p-dn®v F∂p-ap≈ aXn-∏p-sIm≠p ]Xnhn\p hn]-co-X-ambnAßs\ sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. ""DS-s\-sbmcp ]pkvX-I-sa-gp-Xmtam? tImfp-≠m-°mw'' F∂p {]tem-̀ -\-]-c-amb sh√p-hn-fn-bp-ambn Hcp -Zn-hkw Hcpkvt\ln-X≥ IS-∂p-h-∂p. Rmt\mSn-∏n-S™p ho´n¬ FØn, F\n-s°-fp-∏-sa-gp-Xm-hp∂ hnj-b-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ Cu ]pkvX-IsagpXn. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu ]pkvXIw At±-l-Øn\p IS-s∏-´-Xm-Wv.* Hcp ]pkvX-I-ambn k¶ev]n®v, BZy-h-km\w Htc ]≤-Xn-tbmsS H∂p-sa-gp-Xp∂ ]Xn-hn-√m-Xn-cp∂ Rm≥ AX-s√¶n¬ Cu ]pkvXIw Fgp-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

]pkvX-I-Øn\p t]cn-Sp∂ Imcyw hf-sc-bm-tem-Nn-®p. CXp N¥p-ta-t\ms‚ Poh-N-cn-{X-a-√. At±-lØns‚ kmln-Xy-sØ-∏‰n kmln-Xy-hn-a¿iw sNøp∂ Hcp IrXn-bp-a-√. D≈-S-°-tØmSp ]q¿Æ-amb \oXn-Im-Wn-°p∂ Hcp t]c√ Ct∏mgpw Cu {KŸ-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. F\n°p ]pkvX-I-tØmSp aa-X-bp-≠m-°p∂ "B' Awiw Cu t]cp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-tX-bn-√. N¥p-ta-t\ms‚ kmln-Xy-]-c-amb hen-∏-a√ XpS-°-Øn¬ Fs∂At±-l-Øn-te-°m-I¿jn-®-Xv. kz¥w kmln-Xy-sØ-°mƒ hfsc hep-XmWv At±-l-Øns‚ hy‡n-Xzw. khn-ti-j-amb B hy‡n-XzsØshfn-hm-°p∂ D]m-[n-sb∂ \ne-bn-emWv At±-l-Øns‚ kmln-Xy-hp-

* kvt\lm-Xn-tc-I-tØmsS Ct∏mƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s´, B kvt\ln-X≥ bix-i-co-c-\mb {io kn.sP.-

tXmakmWv.

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]pXnb Nne hni-Zo-I-c-W-߃

]p\x-{]-Im-i-\-̀ mKyw e`n-°m≥ c≠p-h´w X]w-sNbvXp Ign-tb-≠n-h∂ aq∂p-sIm√w Ingnhp X≈n-bm¬, 1958 BZyw ]pd-Øn-d-ßnb,

CXp-t]m-semcp apjn-∏≥]pkvX-I-Øn\v Ct∏mƒ Hcp aq∂mw-]-Xn∏ndßp-∂p-sh-∂Xp kt¥m-j-I-c-amb hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. AXn\p Imc-W°m¿-s°ms° Fs‚ \µn. Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Imcy-amb Hcp hnS-hp-s≠∂hkvXp-X, CXp {]kn-≤o-I-cn®p Ipsd-°mew Ign-™-t∏m-gmWv Fs‚{i≤-bn¬ (kz-bw)-s]-́ -Xv. Cµp-te-Jsb tI{µo-I-cn-®m-bn-t∏m-bn-cp∂p {]Xn-]m-Z\ßf-{X-bpw. Htc-sbmcp ImgvN-∏m-Snepw kao-]-\-co-Xn-bnepw iTn®p-\n-∂-Xns‚ ^e-am-h-Ww, IqSp-X¬ anI® IYm-kr-jvSn-bmb imc-Z-sb-∏‰n hni-Z-amb {]Xn-]m-Z\w {KŸ-Øn-se-ßp-an-s√-∂p≈ \ne h∂p-IqSn.

c≠mw-]-Xn-∏n¬ B Ipdhp ]cn-l-cn-°-W-sa∂p Icp-Xn. ]t£,hnNmcw-t]mse \S-∂n-√. Iptd-°mew h®p ssIIm-cyw-sNbvX AtXhnj-b-Øn-te-°v, thKw Xncn-sb-s®-∂p-h¿Øn-°m≥ a\ p- Iq´m°m™-XmWp Imc-Ww. IS-hp-\o-¥m≥ hen-®p-sIm-≠p-h∂ ap -́\m-Sn-s\-t∏mseAXp IpX-dn-tbm-Sn-°-f-™p. C∂n-t∏mƒ Ign-hXp _p≤n-ap´n Bt]mcmbva ]cn-l-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu aq∂mw-]-Xn-∏n¬ 9˛mw A≤ym-b-ambnt®¿Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv "imcZ'sb∏‰n ]pXn-b-Xmbn Fgp-Xnb ]T-\-amWv.

FSp-Øp-]-d-bm-\p≈ as‰m-cp -Im-cyw, c≠mw-]-Xn-∏nepw Cu aq∂mw-]-Xn-∏n-ep-ambn \S-Øn-bn-́ p≈ ip≤o-I-c-W-am-Wv. Nne A`n-{]m-b-ß-fpsShmbvØ-ebv°p IqSp-X-em-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ cq£X Ipdbv°pI, NnehkvXp-X-Iƒ°p sImSp-Øn-cp∂ Du∂p-Iƒ ab-s∏-Sp-Øp-I, Hgn-hm-°m-\m-hp∂ Bh¿Ø-\-߃ Hgn-hm-°pI˛̨̨˛F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ e£y-tØmsS]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \√ I{Xn-I-{]-tbmKw \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ]pXn-b-XmbnbmsXm∂pw CSbv°v Fgp-Xn-t®¿°m-sX, sh´n-°-f-b¬ am{Xw-sIm≠pkm[n-°p∂ t`Z-K-Xn-Itf hcp-Øn-bn-´p-≈q. BZy-]-Xn-∏nse GXm\pw]pd-ß-fpw ]e JWvUn-I-I-fpw At\Iw hmN-I-ßfpw B ikv{X-{In-b-bn¬ ]pdw-X-≈-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂p. "imcZ'sb∏‰n Ct∏mƒ Fgp-Xn-t®¿Ø]T-\w-Iq-Sn-bm-b-t∏mƒ ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-≤-sa∂p tXm∂-ep-≠m-°p∂ A`n-{]m-b-߃ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ C\nbpw It≠-°p-sa∂ `bw F\n-°n-√m-sX-bn-√. Hmtcmtcm hyXykvX- k-µ¿ -̀ß-fn¬ hkvXp-X-Iƒ°p sImSp-t°-≠n-h∂ hyXy-kvX-amb Du∂p-I-fn¬\n-∂p-ap-≠m-hp∂ Ipg-∏-am-WXv.A\p-_-‘-amb IqSp-X¬ hkvXp-X-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ Ah-bvt°m-tcm-∂n\pw km[q-I-c-W-ap≠v F∂p ]d-™p-h-bv°p-I-b-√msX C°m-cy-

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