chap44 diabetes insipidus and aquaporin (adh, aldosterone and acth)

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B9902036 洪洪洪 B9902045 洪洪洪

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Chap44 Diabetes insipidus and aquaporin (ADH, aldosterone and ACTH). B9902036 洪健睿 B9902045 許仲皓. Diabetes insipidus (DI). Frequency : uncommon, with a prevalence of 1 case per 25,000 population (as in the United States). Signs and symptoms : - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

B9902036 洪健睿B9902045   許仲皓

Page 2: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

Frequency:  uncommon, with a prevalence of 1 case per   25,000 population (as in the United States).

 Signs and symptoms:  polydipsia  : extreme thirst (especially for                 cold or ice water) 

  polyuria  : excretion of large amounts of              severely diluted urine 

Page 3: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

Central (neurogenic) DI:  decreased secretion of  antidiuretic hormone  (ADH) in the brain.  

Nephrogenic DI:  inability of the kidney to respond normally   to ADH. 

Page 4: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

arginine vasopressin V2 receptor(AVPR2)

aquaporin-2 water channel (AQP2)

Page 5: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

Acquired (most common)

Hereditary:Type Gene Locus

NDI 1 AVPR2

(a) X-linked genetic defect.(b) causes the arginine vasopressin      receptor V2 receptor in the      kidney to not function correctly. 

NDI 2(rare)

AQP2

(a) Gene map locus : 12q13(b) mutation in the aquaporin 2 gene 

impede the normal function of the kidney water channel 

Page 6: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

AQP2

The mutation of AQP2 gene causes:  1. misfolding of mutant aquaporin-2 water channels  2. unsuccessful AQP2 transition in the ER

Page 7: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)
Page 8: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

transcription factor

intracellularreceptor

(steroid ligand)

epithelial sodium channel 

sodium-potassium pump

Page 9: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

ADH RAAS (aldosterone)

Secretionhypothalamus

ADHadrenal cortex      aldosterone

Homeostasis blood osmolarityblood pressure, blood volume

Function

increases permeability

H2O reabsorption

Prevents furthur dehydration

increases Na+ reabsorption

passively reabsorbs H2O

Page 10: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

Adrenal gland

Kidney

ex.Aldosterone

Anterior Pituitary Hormone Tropic Hormone:      targets endocrine 

glands             adrenal cortex Adrenal Cortex:      secretes corticosteroids           glucocorticoids           mineralocorticoids Severe stress rises the     blood ACTH level

Page 11: Chap44 Diabetes  insipidus  and aquaporin  (ADH,  aldosterone  and ACTH)

Campbell N. A., Reece J. B., and Mitchell L.G. Biology 8th ed. Benjamin/Cummings. 2008. 

Campbell N. A and Reece J. B. 生物學第六版 (下冊 ), 偉明圖書有限公司 , 2007 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/117648-overview http://www.bhp-gc.tw/index.php?

mo=DiseasePaper&action=paper1_show&cate=Set1&csn=72&sn=250 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrogenic_diabetes_insipidus#Hereditary http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/304800 http://www.ndif.org/public/pages/1-Introduction http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/尿崩症 http://g.wanfangdata.com.hk/Service/File/File.ashx?

fileid=Periodical_zhszb98201004011&pay=True&sign=0A8EAE9400DDAA5203A42726CBDD22E85B7575C6103822BCD877A758592162722AC491A1DB9B07123F5CD4D5A7A5782BE6858C0B0B6968D94FF44170C015FDEE65ECAB4BDCC7B6C5B3E3B857B8315E20D21DD5F6E74EC8B3D3868FD9F27AE42B64A889ABCE3EEB8A2D878D765F72098D7A6DBEC837B3E53042DA4E6C7655B292&Type=

http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-adh-and-aldosterone/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldosterone http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/vol52/issue4/cover.shtml