Chapter 11 Infection control.

Precautions

Universal precautions Treat everyone like

they have… Every disease!

Patients Kids Friends Family

Standard precautions Steps to protect

yourself from a disease. PPE Handwashing

What do you do..?

Regulations Made by agencies

FDA, EPA, OSHA

Enforce compliance If not…..

Fines Lose license Jail

“Must do’s”

Recommendations Anyone can

suggest Non-enforceable

Encourage you to… Have pt’s wear

safety goggles / glasses

“Don’t have to do’s” But should

Agencies

OSHA Occupational

Safety and Health Administration

Protect employees on the job.

Require employers to provide PPE. You are responsible

to use it!

EPA Environmental

Protection Agency Regulate waste Chemical disposal

Agencies

CDC Centers for

Disease Control Protect public

health Responsible for

PPE regulations. When Why PPE must be

worn.

FDA Food and Drug

Administration Approves foods and

drugs for consumer use.

Regulate: sterilizers, cleaning solutions and PPE. Make sure it

works.

Personal Protective Equipment(PPE)

Gloves Latex Vinyl Nitrile

Mask Earloop Tie

Should protect mucous membranes.

Gown Fluid resistant

Disposable Laundered

Safety glasses Always wear!

Side shields OK Shatter resistant Face shield can be

used

Handwashing

#1 way to reduce / prevent spreading of micro-organisms Cool – cold H2O Antimicrobial soap Scrub min. 15 sec. Rinse Dry w/ paper towels

When…? Arrival at work Donning / doffing

gloves After restroom Before eating ‘not sure of

cleanliness’..? Before going home

Prevention

You….? Good health / immune

system Proper diet Exercise Sleep

Immunizations Hep B NONE for Hep C

Now biggest concern (Not B)

PPE usage?

Patient…? Thorough medical

history. Updated at every

visit / appointment ‘universal precautions’ Pre-procedure mouth

rinse. Chlorhexidine

Glucotnate Listerine

Prevention

During treatment Dental dam HVE Disposable items Barriers Use of:

Overgloves Clean forceps Recapping devices

After treatment Proper disinfection

Intermediate level Bleach/water is OK

1 : 10

Proper technique Spray-wipe-spray Wipe-wipe-wipe

10 minutes Contact time

Exposure Control

Written Exposure Plan Preventive

measures Documents

exposure Indicates

appropriate action Steps to correct an

exposure situation

Occupational Exposure Anticipated

exposure on the job to: Blood Saliva OPIM

Other potentially infectious materials

Risk of exposure

Exposure Determination

Chances of having an exposure

Category I Always / usually

involves exposure to blood / saliva Dentists Hygienists Assistants

Category II Occasional / possible

contact with blood / saliva Receptionist Lab case driver

Category III Rare / no contact w/

blood/saliva Bookkeeper Office manager

Disease transmission

Contamination Presence of an

infectious agent Cross-

contamination Spreading of an

infectious agent How…?

Routes of exposure Direct

Pt. to staff etc.

Indirect Pt. to object to staff

etc.

Airborne Inhalation

Sterilization

Process of killing all forms of life. Autoclave Cold sterile

Glutaraldehyde Performed on:

Instruments Handpieces

Between every patient

Ultrasonic cleaner Vibrates debris off of

instruments. Cavitation process No handpieces 3 – 10 min.

Biological monitor “spore test” Ensures sterilization

has occurred. Autoclave is working.

1 X per week.

Process Indicator

Different than the “spore” test. What is in the bag has

been ‘heated’. Gone through the

process Color change dot/arrow

on bag Process Indicating

Tape. Both change color

when exposed to heat

Conclusion

Understanding diseases, how they are spread and how to protect yourself are very important parts of your job.

Treat everyone as if infectious. When in doubt….wash your hands. Always wear your PPE…and remember.

If it’s wet and it’s not yours…DON’T TOUCH IT.

Chapter 10

You will watch a video on Hazard Communication for chapter 10.

Pay attention to: MSDS’s / Appropriate PPE / Safety

devices. Secondary container labeling. Hazard warning labels. Signs and symptoms of allergic reactions.