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Chapter Two Terms of delivery. 交货条款. I. Time arrangement: totally six hours are to be allocated to the chapter. II. Category of the chapter: theoretical and practical nature III. Learning objects and requirements: · to understand the terms of delivery in international trade - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Chapter Two  Terms of delivery

Chapter Two Terms of Chapter Two Terms of deliverydelivery

交货条款交货条款

Page 2: Chapter Two  Terms of delivery

I. Time arrangement: totally six hours are to be allocated I. Time arrangement: totally six hours are to be allocated to the chapter.to the chapter.

II. Category of the chapter: theoretical and practical II. Category of the chapter: theoretical and practical naturenature

III. Learning objects and requirements:III. Learning objects and requirements: · to understand the terms of delivery in international · to understand the terms of delivery in international

tradetrade · to master the basic use of each term of delivery· to master the basic use of each term of delivery · require students to remember all the business terms · require students to remember all the business terms

and expressionsand expressions · require students to design all possible situations of · require students to design all possible situations of

delivery negotiation with all the termsdelivery negotiation with all the terms IV. Organization, design and process of presentation IV. Organization, design and process of presentation

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Step one: detailed explanation of the text:Step one: detailed explanation of the text: 1. Vital aspects of a transaction 1. Vital aspects of a transaction 1) Responsibilities and associated costs1) Responsibilities and associated costs 2) Time and place of delivery2) Time and place of delivery 3) Documents and expense3) Documents and expense 4) Title to goods4) Title to goods 2. The purpose of terms of delivery and Incoterms2. The purpose of terms of delivery and Incoterms 3. A view of the structure of Incoterms: totally four groups3. A view of the structure of Incoterms: totally four groups 4. A brief explanation of the terms of delivery in internation4. A brief explanation of the terms of delivery in internation

al trade (key part; require students to find out some cases al trade (key part; require students to find out some cases of each term and report to the class):of each term and report to the class):

1) Interpretation of EXW: emphasize the agreement of dela1) Interpretation of EXW: emphasize the agreement of delayed fetch of goods.yed fetch of goods.

2) Interpretation of FCA2) Interpretation of FCA 3) Interpretation of FAS3) Interpretation of FAS 4) Interpretation of FOB4) Interpretation of FOB

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FOB: Free On Board (a FOB: Free On Board (a commonly used term)commonly used term)

Transportation term means that the invoice price Transportation term means that the invoice price includes delivery at the seller's expense to a specified includes delivery at the seller's expense to a specified point and no further. For example, "FOB our Newark point and no further. For example, "FOB our Newark warehouse" means that the buyer must pay all shipping warehouse" means that the buyer must pay all shipping and other charges associated with transporting the and other charges associated with transporting the merchandise from the seller's warehouse in Newark to merchandise from the seller's warehouse in Newark to the buyer's receiving point. Title normally passes from the buyer's receiving point. Title normally passes from seller to buyer at the FOB point by way of a bill of lading.seller to buyer at the FOB point by way of a bill of lading.

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5) Interpretation of CFR 5) Interpretation of CFR (a commonly used term)(a commonly used term) "Cost and Freight" means that the seller delivers when the "Cost and Freight" means that the seller delivers when the

goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment. The goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment. The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss goods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, are due to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer. transferred from the seller to the buyer.

The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term can be used only for sea and inland export. This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver waterway transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship's rail, the CPT term should be the goods across the ship's rail, the CPT term should be used. used.

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6) Interpretation of CIF 6) Interpretation of CIF (a commonly used term)(a commonly used term)"Cost, Insurance and Freight" means that the seller delivers "Cost, Insurance and Freight" means that the seller delivers

when the goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment. when the goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment.

The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer. However, in CIF the seller also from the seller to the buyer. However, in CIF the seller also has to procure marine insurance against the buyer's risk of has to procure marine insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.

Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. The buyer should note that under thethe insurance premium. The buyer should note that under the CIF term the seller is required to obtain insurance only on CIF term the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover. Should the buyer wish to have the protection minimum cover. Should the buyer wish to have the protection of greater cover, he would either need to agree as much of greater cover, he would either need to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make his own extra insurance expressly with the seller or to make his own extra insurance arrangements. arrangements.

The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship's rail, the CIP term should be used. across the ship's rail, the CIP term should be used.

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7) Interpretation of CPT7) Interpretation of CPT "Carriage paid to..." means that the seller delivers the "Carriage paid to..." means that the seller delivers the

goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. This means that the buyer goods to the named destination. This means that the buyer bears all risks and any other costs occurring after the bears all risks and any other costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered. goods have been so delivered.

"Carrier" means any person who, in a contract of carriage, "Carrier" means any person who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of transport, by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a transport, by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes. combination of such modes.

If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination, the risk passes when the goods have agreed destination, the risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier.been delivered to the first carrier.

The CPT term requires the seller to clear the goods for The CPT term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term may be used irrespective of the mode of export. This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport including multimodal transport. transport including multimodal transport.

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8) Interpretation of CIP8) Interpretation of CIP "Carriage and Insurance paid to..." means that the seller "Carriage and Insurance paid to..." means that the seller

delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him but the delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. This means that bring the goods to the named destination. This means that the buyer bears all risks and any additional costs occurring the buyer bears all risks and any additional costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered. However, in CIP the after the goods have been so delivered. However, in CIP the seller also has to procure insurance against the buyer's risk seller also has to procure insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. insurance premium.

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The buyer should note that under the CIP term the seller The buyer should note that under the CIP term the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover (Refer to Introduction paragraph 9.3). Should the buyer (Refer to Introduction paragraph 9.3). Should the buyer wish to have the protection of greater cover, he would wish to have the protection of greater cover, he would either need to agree as much expressly with the seller or either need to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make his own extra insurance arrangements. to make his own extra insurance arrangements. If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination, the risk passes when the goods have agreed destination, the risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier. been delivered to the first carrier. The CIP term requires the seller to clear the goods for The CIP term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term may be used irrespective of the mode export. This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport including multimodal transport.of transport including multimodal transport.

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9) Interpretation of DAF9) Interpretation of DAF 10) Interpretation of DES10) Interpretation of DES 11) Interpretation of DEQ11) Interpretation of DEQ 12) Interpretation of DDU12) Interpretation of DDU 13) Interpretation of DDP13) Interpretation of DDP 5. Points for consideration for choosing terms of delivery5. Points for consideration for choosing terms of delivery 1) Transport capacity1) Transport capacity 2) Customer’s location2) Customer’s location 3) Freight rate3) Freight rate 4) Loading/unloading facilities and local port custom4) Loading/unloading facilities and local port custom 5) Risk in transit5) Risk in transit 6. Exercise: 1-6 attached to the text6. Exercise: 1-6 attached to the text

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Supplementary document: cases of quotation Supplementary document: cases of quotation calculation in international trade.calculation in international trade.

出口报价核算——报价数量核算出口报价核算——报价数量核算 在国际货物运输中,经常使用的是在国际货物运输中,经常使用的是 2020 英尺和英尺和 4040 英尺集装箱,英尺集装箱,

2020 英尺集装箱的有效容积为英尺集装箱的有效容积为 2525 立方米,立方米, 4040 英尺集装箱的有英尺集装箱的有效容积为效容积为 5555 立方米。出口商在做报价核算时,建议按照集装立方米。出口商在做报价核算时,建议按照集装箱可容纳的最大包装数量来计算报价数量,以节省海运费。箱可容纳的最大包装数量来计算报价数量,以节省海运费。

在主页的在主页的 "" 产品展示产品展示 "" 中查看产品详细情况,根据产品的体积、中查看产品详细情况,根据产品的体积、包装单位、销售单位、规格描述来计算报价数量。包装单位、销售单位、规格描述来计算报价数量。

例例 11 :商品:商品 03001(03001( 三色戴帽熊三色戴帽熊 )) 的包装单位是的包装单位是 CARTON(CARTON( 箱箱 )) ,,销售单位是销售单位是 PC(PC( 只只 )) ,规格描述是每箱装,规格描述是每箱装 6060 只,每箱体积为只,每箱体积为 0.0.164164 立方米,试分别计算该商品用立方米,试分别计算该商品用 2020 英尺、英尺、 4040 英尺集装箱运英尺集装箱运输出口时的最大包装数量和报价数量。输出口时的最大包装数量和报价数量。

解:每解:每 2020 英尺集装箱:英尺集装箱:      包装数量=      包装数量= 25÷0.16425÷0.164 == 152.439152.439 ,取整,取整 152152 箱箱      报价数量=      报价数量= 152×60152×60 == 91209120 只只    每    每 4040 英尺集装箱:英尺集装箱:      包装数量=      包装数量= 55÷0.16455÷0.164 == 335.365335.365 ,取整,取整 335335 箱箱      报价数量=      报价数量= 335×60335×60 == 2010020100 只只

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例例 22 :商品:商品 01006(01006( 蓝莓罐头蓝莓罐头 )) 的包装单位是的包装单位是 CARTONCARTON(( 箱箱 )) ,销售单位是,销售单位是 CARTON(CARTON( 箱箱 )) ,每箱体积为,每箱体积为 0.00950.0095立方米,试分别计算该商品用立方米,试分别计算该商品用 2020 英尺、英尺、 4040 英尺集装箱运英尺集装箱运输出口时的最大包装数量和报价数量。输出口时的最大包装数量和报价数量。

解:每解:每 2020 英尺集装箱:英尺集装箱:      包装数量=      包装数量= 25÷0.009525÷0.0095 == 2631.5782631.578 ,取,取整整 26312631 箱箱      报价数量=      报价数量= 26312631 箱箱    每    每 4040 英尺集装箱:英尺集装箱:      包装数量=      包装数量= 55÷0.009555÷0.0095 == 5789.4735789.473 ,取,取整整 57895789 箱箱      报价数量=      报价数量= 57895789 箱箱  注意:由于该商品的包装单位和销售单位相同,故此  注意:由于该商品的包装单位和销售单位相同,故此例的报价数量=包装数量。例的报价数量=包装数量。

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出口报价核算——采购成本核算出口报价核算——采购成本核算 通过邮件和供应商联络,询问采购价格,用以成本核算。通过邮件和供应商联络,询问采购价格,用以成本核算。 例如:商品例如:商品 03001"03001" 三色戴帽熊三色戴帽熊 "" ,供应商报价为每只,供应商报价为每只 66 元,元,

求采购求采购 91209120 只的成本?只的成本? 解:采购成本=解:采购成本= 6×91206×9120 == 5472054720 元元

    出口报价核算——出口退税收入核算出口报价核算——出口退税收入核算 记下产品展示中的记下产品展示中的 "" 海关编码海关编码 "" ,在主页的,在主页的 "" 税则查询税则查询 "" 中,中,

输入输入 "" 海关编码海关编码 "" ,点,点 "" 搜索搜索 "" 按钮,查询增值税率和出口按钮,查询增值税率和出口退税率。退税率。      例如:在产品展示中查到商品  例如:在产品展示中查到商品 0300103001 的海关编码是的海关编码是 9509503410034100 。在税则查询中,输入。在税则查询中,输入 "95034100""95034100" ,点,点 "" 搜索搜索 "" 按按钮,可查出增值税率为钮,可查出增值税率为 17%17% 、出口退税率为、出口退税率为 15%15% 。已从供。已从供应商处得知供货价为每只应商处得知供货价为每只 66 元元 (( 含增值税含增值税 17%)17%) ,试算,试算 91209120只三色戴帽熊的出口退税收入?只三色戴帽熊的出口退税收入?      解:退税收入=采购成本  解:退税收入=采购成本 ÷÷ (( 11 +增值税率)+增值税率) ×× 出口出口退税率退税率        =        = 6×9120÷6×9120÷ (( 11 ++ 17%17% )) ×15%×15%        =        = 7015.387015.38 元 元      

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出口报价核算——国内费用核算出口报价核算——国内费用核算 国内费用包括:内陆运费、报检费、报关费、核销费、公国内费用包括:内陆运费、报检费、报关费、核销费、公

司综合业务费、快递费。司综合业务费、快递费。 在主页的在主页的 "" 费用查询费用查询 "" 中,查到内陆运费为每立方米中,查到内陆运费为每立方米 100100

元,报检费元,报检费 120120 元,报关费元,报关费 150150 元,核销费元,核销费 100100 元,公元,公司综合业务费司综合业务费 30003000 元,元, DHLDHL 费费 100100 元。元。

其中:内陆运费=出口货物的总体积其中:内陆运费=出口货物的总体积 ×100×100 总体积=报价数量总体积=报价数量 ÷÷ 每箱包装数量每箱包装数量 ×× 每箱体积每箱体积

      例如:商品  例如:商品 0300103001 的描述为的描述为 "" 每箱每箱 55 打,每打打,每打 1212个个 "" ,表示每箱可装,表示每箱可装 6060 个,每箱体积个,每箱体积 0.1640.164 立方米,求立方米,求报价数量为报价数量为 91209120 只的内陆运费是多少?只的内陆运费是多少?

解:总体积=解:总体积= 9120÷60×0.1649120÷60×0.164 == 24.92824.928 立方米立方米    内陆运费=    内陆运费= 24.928×10024.928×100 == 2492.82492.8 元 元     

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出口报价核算——海运费核算出口报价核算——海运费核算 出口交易中,采用出口交易中,采用 CFRCFR 、、 CIFCIF 贸易术语成交的条件下,出贸易术语成交的条件下,出

口商需核算海运费。口商需核算海运费。 在出口交易中,集装箱类型的选用,货物的装箱方法对于在出口交易中,集装箱类型的选用,货物的装箱方法对于

出口商减少运费开支起着很大的作用。货物外包装箱的尺出口商减少运费开支起着很大的作用。货物外包装箱的尺码、重量,货物在集装箱内的配装、排放以及堆叠都有一码、重量,货物在集装箱内的配装、排放以及堆叠都有一定的讲究,需要在实践中摸索。定的讲究,需要在实践中摸索。         SimTradeSimTrade 根据货物的体积来计算运费。我们以一个根据货物的体积来计算运费。我们以一个理论算法来规定理论算法来规定 2020 英尺和英尺和 4040 英尺集装箱装箱数量的计算:英尺集装箱装箱数量的计算:2020 英尺集装箱的有效容积为英尺集装箱的有效容积为 2525 立方米,立方米, 4040 英尺集装箱英尺集装箱的有效容积为的有效容积为 5555 立方米。立方米。      在核算海运费时,出口商首先要根据报价数量算出产  在核算海运费时,出口商首先要根据报价数量算出产品体积,再到品体积,再到 "" 运费查询运费查询 "" 页,找到对应该批货物目的港页,找到对应该批货物目的港的运价。如果报价数量正好够装整箱的运价。如果报价数量正好够装整箱 (20(20 英尺或英尺或 4040 英尺英尺 )) ,,则直接取其运价为海运费;如果不够装整箱,则用产品总则直接取其运价为海运费;如果不够装整箱,则用产品总体积体积 ××拼箱的价格来算出海运费。由于运价都以美元显拼箱的价格来算出海运费。由于运价都以美元显示,在核算完海运费后,应根据当天汇率换算成人民币。示,在核算完海运费后,应根据当天汇率换算成人民币。

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例如:商品例如:商品 03001"03001" 三色戴帽熊三色戴帽熊 "" 要出口到加拿大,目的港是蒙要出口到加拿大,目的港是蒙特利尔港口。试分别计算报价数量为特利尔港口。试分别计算报价数量为 50005000 件和件和 91209120 件的海件的海运费。运费。

解:解: 第第 11步:计算产品体积步:计算产品体积

  在主页  在主页 "" 产品展示产品展示 "" 中,查到商品中,查到商品 0300103001 的体积是每箱的体积是每箱 0.0.164164 立方米,每箱装立方米,每箱装 6060 只。根据查到的产品资料,先计算产只。根据查到的产品资料,先计算产品体积。品体积。  报价数量为  报价数量为 50005000 件,总体积=件,总体积= 5000÷60×0.1645000÷60×0.164 == 13.13.6666 立方米立方米  报价数量为  报价数量为 91209120 件,总体积=件,总体积= 9120÷60×0.1649120÷60×0.164 == 24.24.928928 立方米立方米

第第 22步:查运价步:查运价 在主页在主页 "" 运费查询运费查询 "" 中,查到运至加拿大蒙特利尔港的海运费中,查到运至加拿大蒙特利尔港的海运费

分别是:每分别是:每 2020 英尺集装箱英尺集装箱 USD1350USD1350 ,每,每 4040 英尺集装箱英尺集装箱 USUSD2430D2430 ,拼箱每立方米,拼箱每立方米 USD65USD65 。。  根据第  根据第 11步计算出的体积结果来看,步计算出的体积结果来看, 50005000 件的运费宜采件的运费宜采用拼箱,用拼箱, 91209120 件的海运费宜采用件的海运费宜采用 2020 尺集装箱。尺集装箱。  报价数量为  报价数量为 50005000 件,海运费=件,海运费= 13.66×6513.66×65 == 887.9887.9 美元美元  报价数量为  报价数量为 91209120 件,海运费=件,海运费= 13501350 美元美元

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第第 33步:换算成人民币步:换算成人民币 在主页“今日汇率”中,查到美元的汇率为在主页“今日汇率”中,查到美元的汇率为 8.258.25 元人民币元人民币兑换兑换 11美元。美元。  报价数量为  报价数量为 50005000 件,海运费件,海运费 ((人民币人民币 )) == 887.9×8.2887.9×8.255 == 7325.1757325.175 元元  报价数量为  报价数量为 91209120 件,海运费件,海运费 ((人民币人民币 )) == 1350×8.251350×8.25== 11137.511137.5 元元

出口报价核算——保险费核算出口报价核算——保险费核算 出口交易中,在以出口交易中,在以 CIFCIF 术语成交的情况下,出口商需要到主术语成交的情况下,出口商需要到主

页页 ""保险费保险费 "" 中查询保险费率,用以核算保险费。公式如下:中查询保险费率,用以核算保险费。公式如下: 保险费=保险金额保险费=保险金额××保险费率保险费率 保险金额=保险金额= CIFCIF 货价货价 ×× (( 11 +保险加成率)+保险加成率) 在进出口贸易中,根据有关的国际惯例,保险加成率通常为在进出口贸易中,根据有关的国际惯例,保险加成率通常为

10%10% 。出口商也可根据进口商的要求与保险公司约定不同。出口商也可根据进口商的要求与保险公司约定不同的保险加成率。的保险加成率。

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    例如:商品例如:商品 0300103001 的的 CIFCIF 价格为价格为 USD8937.6USD8937.6 ,进口商要求,进口商要求按成交价格的按成交价格的 110%110%投保一切险投保一切险 ((保险费率保险费率 0.8%)0.8%) 和战争险和战争险 ((保保险费率险费率 0.08%)0.08%) ,试计算出口商应付给保险公司的保险费用?,试计算出口商应付给保险公司的保险费用?      解:保险金额=  解:保险金额= 8937.6×110%8937.6×110% == 9831.369831.36美元美元    保险费=    保险费= 9831.36×(0.8%9831.36×(0.8% ++ 0.08%)0.08%) == 86.5286.52美元美元    查人民币对美元汇率为    查人民币对美元汇率为 8.258.25比比 11 ,换算人民币=,换算人民币= 86.5286.52×8.25×8.25 == 713.79713.79 元元

提示:在我国出口业务中,提示:在我国出口业务中, CFRCFR 和和 CIFCIF 是两种常用的术语。鉴于是两种常用的术语。鉴于保险费是按保险费是按 CIFCIF 货价为基础的保险额计算的,两种术语价格应按货价为基础的保险额计算的,两种术语价格应按下述方式换算。下述方式换算。  由  由 CIFCIF换算成换算成 CFRCFR 价:价: CFRCFR == CIF×[1CIF×[1-(-( 11 +保险加成+保险加成率)率) ××保险费率保险费率 ]]  由  由 CFRCFR换算成换算成 CIFCIF 价:价: CIF=CFR÷[1CIF=CFR÷[1-(-( 11 +保险加成+保险加成率)率) ××保险费率保险费率 ] ]

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出口报价核算——银行费用核算出口报价核算——银行费用核算 银行费用=报价总金额银行费用=报价总金额××银行费率银行费率 不同的结汇方式,银行收取的费用也不同。银行费率在主不同的结汇方式,银行收取的费用也不同。银行费率在主

页的页的 "" 费用查询费用查询 "" 中可以查到。中可以查到。 例如:报价总金额为例如:报价总金额为 USD8846.4USD8846.4 时,分别计算时,分别计算 L/CL/C 、、 D/D/

PP 、、 D/AD/A 、、 T/TT/T 的银行费用?的银行费用? 解:解: 第第 11步:查询费率步:查询费率

  在主页  在主页 "" 费用查询费用查询 "" 中查得中查得 L/CL/C 费率费率 1%1% 、、 D/AD/A 费率费率0.15%0.15% 、、 D/PD/P 费率费率 0.17%0.17% 、、 T/TT/T 费率费率 0.1%0.1% 。。

第第 22步:查询汇率步:查询汇率  在主页  在主页 ""今日汇率今日汇率 "" 中,查到美元的汇率为中,查到美元的汇率为 8.258.25 元人元人民币兑换民币兑换 11美元。美元。第第 33步:计算银行费用步:计算银行费用     L/CL/C银行费用=银行费用= 8846.4×1%×8.258846.4×1%×8.25 == 729.83729.83 元元     D/PD/P银行费用=银行费用= 8846.4×0.17%×8.258846.4×0.17%×8.25 == 124.07124.07 元元     D/AD/A银行费用=银行费用= 8846.4×0.15%×8.258846.4×0.15%×8.25 == 109.47109.47 元元     T/TT/T银行费用=银行费用= 8846.4×0.1%×8.258846.4×0.1%×8.25 == 72.9872.98 元 元

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出口报价核算——利润核算出口报价核算——利润核算 利润=报价金额-采购成本-各项费用+退税收入利润=报价金额-采购成本-各项费用+退税收入

      例如:商品  例如:商品 0300103001 ,增值税率,增值税率 17%17% ,退税率,退税率 15%15% ,,体积每箱体积每箱 0.1640.164 立方米。报价数量为立方米。报价数量为 91209120 只;只; FOBFOB报价报价金额为每只金额为每只 0.80.8美元;采购成本为每只美元;采购成本为每只 66 元;报检费元;报检费 120120元;报关费元;报关费 150150 元;内陆运费元;内陆运费 2492.82492.8 元;核销费元;核销费 100100 元;元;银行费用银行费用 601.92601.92 元;公司综合业务费元;公司综合业务费 30003000 元,外币汇率元,外币汇率为为 8.258.25 元人民币兑元人民币兑 11美元。试计算该笔美元。试计算该笔 FOBFOB报价的利润报价的利润额?额?      解:报价金额=  解:报价金额= 0.8×9120×8.250.8×9120×8.25 == 6019260192 元元    采购成本=    采购成本= 6×91206×9120 == 5472054720 元元    各项费用=    各项费用= 120120 ++ 150150 ++ 2492.82492.8 ++ 100100 ++ 601.601.9292 ++ 30003000 == 6464.726464.72 元元    退税收入=    退税收入= 54720÷54720÷ (( 11 ++ 17%17% )) ×15%×15% == 77015.38015.38 元元    利润=    利润= 6019260192-- 5472054720-- 6464.726464.72 ++ 7015.387015.38== 6022.666022.66 元元

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出口报价核算——出口报价核算——FOBFOB 、、 CFRCFR 、、 CIFCIF 的外币报价核算的外币报价核算 报价资料:报价资料: 商品名称:商品名称: 03001"03001" 三色戴帽熊三色戴帽熊 "" 商品资料:每箱装商品资料:每箱装 6060 只,每箱体积只,每箱体积 0.1640.164 立方米。立方米。 供货价格:每只供货价格:每只 66 元。元。 税  率:供货单价中均包括税  率:供货单价中均包括 17%17% 的增值税,出口毛绒的增值税,出口毛绒玩具的退税率为玩具的退税率为 15%15% 。。

国内费用:内陆运费国内费用:内陆运费 (( 每立方米每立方米 )100)100 元;报检费元;报检费 120120 元;元;报关费报关费 150150 元;核销费元;核销费 100100 元;公司综合费用元;公司综合费用 30003000 元。元。

银行费用:报价的银行费用:报价的 1%1% (( L/CL/C银行手续费银行手续费 1%1% )。)。 海 运 费:从上海至加拿大蒙特利尔港口一个海 运 费:从上海至加拿大蒙特利尔港口一个 2020 英尺集装英尺集装

箱的费用为箱的费用为 13501350美元。美元。 货运保险:货运保险: CIFCIF 成交金额的基础上加成交金额的基础上加 10%10%投保中国人民投保中国人民保险公司海运货物保险条款中的一切险保险公司海运货物保险条款中的一切险 (( 费率费率 0.8%)0.8%) 和战和战争险争险 (( 费率费率 0.08%)0.08%) 。。

报价利润:报价的报价利润:报价的 10%10% 。。 报价汇率:报价汇率: 8.258.25 元人民币兑换元人民币兑换 11美元。美元。    

    

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报价核算操作:  报价核算操作:    成本:     成本:     含税成本=  含税成本= 66 元元 //只   只     退税收入=  退税收入= 6÷6÷ (( 11 ++ 17%17% )) ×15%×15% == 0.76920.7692 元元 //只  只      实际成本=  实际成本= 66-- 0.76920.7692 == 5.23085.2308 元元 //只   只        2020 英尺集装箱包装件数=英尺集装箱包装件数= 25÷0.16425÷0.164 == 152152 箱   箱     报价数量=  报价数量= 152×60152×60 == 91209120 只  只    费用:     费用:     国内费用=  国内费用= (9120÷60×0.164×100(9120÷60×0.164×100 ++ 120120 ++ 150150 + + 110000 ++ 3000)÷91203000)÷9120 == 0.64290.6429 元元 //只    只      银行费用=报价  银行费用=报价 ×1%×1%         海运费=  海运费= 1350×8.25÷91201350×8.25÷9120 == 1.22121.2212 元元 //只   只     保险费=  保险费= CIFCIF 报价报价 ×110%×0.88%×110%×0.88%       利润:报价  利润:报价 ××       =      = 5.8737÷0.89÷8.255.8737÷0.89÷8.25      =      = 0.79990.7999美元美元 //只  只  10%10%

FOBFOB报价=实际成本+国内费用+银行手续费+利润报价=实际成本+国内费用+银行手续费+利润      =      = 5.23085.2308 ++ 0.64290.6429 +报价+报价 ×1%×1% +报价+报价 ×10%×10%      =(      =( 5.23085.2308 ++ 0.64290.6429 )) ÷÷ (( 11-- 1%1%-- 10%10% ))    

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CFRCFR 报价=实际成本+国内费用+海运费+银行手续费+报价=实际成本+国内费用+海运费+银行手续费+利润利润      =      = 5.23085.2308 ++ 0.64290.6429 ++ 1.22121.2212 +报价+报价 ×1%×1%+报价+报价 ×10%×10%      =(      =( 5.23085.2308 ++ 0.64290.6429 ++ 1.22121.2212 )) ÷÷ (( 11--1%1%-- 10%10% ))      =      = 7.0949÷0.89÷8.257.0949÷0.89÷8.25      =      = 0.96630.9663美元美元 //只只

    CIFCIF 报价=实际成本+国内费用+海运费+保险费+银报价=实际成本+国内费用+海运费+保险费+银行手续费+利润行手续费+利润      =      = 5.23085.2308 ++ 0.64290.6429 ++ 1.22121.2212 +报价+报价 ×110%×110%×0.88%×0.88% +报价+报价 ×1%×1% +报价+报价 ×10%×10%      =(      =( 5.23085.2308 ++ 0.64290.6429 ++ 1.22121.2212 )) ÷÷ (( 11--110%×0.88%110%×0.88%-- 1%1%-- 10%10% ))      =      = 7.0949÷0.88032÷8.257.0949÷0.88032÷8.25      =      = 0.97690.9769美元美元 //只只

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    出口  出口 91209120 只三色戴帽熊的报价如下(注:计算时保只三色戴帽熊的报价如下(注:计算时保留留 44 位小数,最后报价取小数点后位小数,最后报价取小数点后 22 位):   位):        USD0.8 PER CARTON FOB SHANGHAI (USD0.8 PER CARTON FOB SHANGHAI ( 每只每只 0.80.8美美元上海港船上交货元上海港船上交货 ))     USD0.97 PER CARTON CFR MONTREAL(USD0.97 PER CARTON CFR MONTREAL( 每只每只 0.970.97美元成本加运费至蒙特利尔美元成本加运费至蒙特利尔 ))     USD0.98 PER CARTON CIF MONTREAL(USD0.98 PER CARTON CIF MONTREAL( 每只每只 0.980.98美元成本加运保费至蒙特利尔美元成本加运保费至蒙特利尔 ))

提示:由以上报价不难看出,出口报价核算并不深奥,其提示:由以上报价不难看出,出口报价核算并不深奥,其中的关键是掌握各项内容的计算基础并细心地加以汇总。中的关键是掌握各项内容的计算基础并细心地加以汇总。上述的报价核算可以说是一个比较精确的出口报价核算范上述的报价核算可以说是一个比较精确的出口报价核算范例。在实际交易中,出口商往往会采用一些简单粗略或简例。在实际交易中,出口商往往会采用一些简单粗略或简化的计算方法以使报价更为快捷。出口报价中的费用部分化的计算方法以使报价更为快捷。出口报价中的费用部分在价格中所占比例虽然不会很大,但由于内容较多且计费在价格中所占比例虽然不会很大,但由于内容较多且计费方法又不尽相同,所以在计算时应特别注意。而按照最后方法又不尽相同,所以在计算时应特别注意。而按照最后报价的一定百分比计费的内容注意采用一次求出的方法,报价的一定百分比计费的内容注意采用一次求出的方法,否则将造成报价的低估。否则将造成报价的低估。

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对外报价核算应注意的问题对外报价核算应注意的问题 根据上述报价情况,以下问题应当引起注意:根据上述报价情况,以下问题应当引起注意: (1)(1) 按照实际报价的一定百分比计算的内容应一次求出,否则容按照实际报价的一定百分比计算的内容应一次求出,否则容

易造成报价的低估。易造成报价的低估。 (2)(2) 实际业务中,除了采用费用额相加的方法外,还有规定定额实际业务中,除了采用费用额相加的方法外,还有规定定额

费用的做法,该费用率的计算基础是含税的进货成本。费用的做法,该费用率的计算基础是含税的进货成本。 (3)(3) 银行费用是根据出口发票金额的一定百分比收取,计费基础银行费用是根据出口发票金额的一定百分比收取,计费基础

是成交价格。佣多和保险费通常也根据成交价格来计算。是成交价格。佣多和保险费通常也根据成交价格来计算。 (4)(4) 垫款利息按照进货成本计算,远期收款利息按照成交价格计垫款利息按照进货成本计算,远期收款利息按照成交价格计

算。算。 (5)(5) 报价核算有总价核算和单价核算两种方法:总价法比较精确,报价核算有总价核算和单价核算两种方法:总价法比较精确,但要将核算结果折算成单价后才能对外报价;单价法可以直接救但要将核算结果折算成单价后才能对外报价;单价法可以直接救出报价,但计算过程需保留多位小数,以保证报价准确,上述实出报价,但计算过程需保留多位小数,以保证报价准确,上述实例采用的就是单价核算法。例采用的就是单价核算法。

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(6)(6) 注意报价的计量单位以及集装箱数量的准确性:它直注意报价的计量单位以及集装箱数量的准确性:它直接影响单位运价和国内费用的多少。接影响单位运价和国内费用的多少。

(7)(7) 出口报价核算出来之后,可以采用逆算方法验算,即出口报价核算出来之后,可以采用逆算方法验算,即报价产生以后,用收入减去支出等于成本的原理来核算对报价产生以后,用收入减去支出等于成本的原理来核算对外报价是否正确。外报价是否正确。

(8)(8) 业务员在对外磋商之前就应进行报价核算,以做到对业务员在对外磋商之前就应进行报价核算,以做到对一票买卖的综合经营状况心中有数。因此,务必填好出口一票买卖的综合经营状况心中有数。因此,务必填好出口商品价格核算单。商品价格核算单。