chemical substances.pdf
DESCRIPTION
public healthTRANSCRIPT
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2008 pp291-308
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_2.12.mpg
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_.pps_.pps
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(Toxicity)
LD50LC50
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(Lethal Concentration 50%, LC50)
(Lethal Dosage 50%, LD50)
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Classification of toxic agents
*based on their target organ: liver, kidney, hematopoietic
system
*based on their use: pesticide, solvent, food additive
*based on their source: animal, plant, synthetic
*based on their effects: cancer, mutation
*based on their physical state: gas, liquid, particle
*based on their labeling requirements: explosive, flammable
*based on their chemistry: aromatic amine, halogenated
hydrocarbon
*based on their poisoning potential: extremely toxic, very toxic
*based on their biochemical mechanism of action: sulfhydryl
inhibitor, methemoglobin producer
*based on the source of exposure or legislative purposes: air
pollutants, water pollutants, occupation-related agents
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Characteristics of exposure
route and site of exposure: ingestion (gastrointestinal
tract), inhalation (lungs), topical/dermal (skin)
duration and frequency of exposure
_515_flv.flv_515_flv.flv 2010.doc _1.13.avi
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Spectrum of undesired effects
1. allergic reactions
2. idiosyncratic reactions
3. immediate vs. delayed toxicity
4. reversible vs. irreversible toxic effects
5. local vs. systemic toxicity
2012.doc
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(Acute Toxicity) (24 - 48)()
(Chronic Toxicity)
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Interaction of chemicals
1. additive effect
2. synergistic effect
3. potentiation
4. antagonism
.doc
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(Toxic Chemical Substance)
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(Broad distribution) (Environmental accumulation)
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(Bioconcentration) (Bioaccumulation) (Biomagnification)
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Grasshopper Effect
Future_Conditional__The_Grasshopper_Effect__Toxic_Pollution_in_the_Arctic.mp4
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(Operation)
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()
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(
)()()()
()
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()
1.
(1)5
(2)180
(3)180
2.
(1)(BCF)500
(2)-(log Kow)3
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()
1.(IARC)12
1
2.1
3.()
12
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(IARCWHO) (US EPA) (a)(b)
IARC US EPA
1 A
2A
B1 ()
B2 ()
a.b.
2B C a.b.
DDT
3 D
4 E (C6-H11-NO)
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(EC)
1
2
3
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()
1.
(1)(LD50)25
(2)(LD50)50
(3)(LC50)250
2.
(1)(LC50)1
(2)(EC50)1
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()
1.(IARC)2B
2.2
3.2
4.
5.
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26 26
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0.1%w/w
1000PPM900 PPM
50PPM
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Allyl butyrate
CAS No. : 2051-78-7
LD 50 : 250 mg/kg
(Rat, Oral)
Harmful Harmful Harmful Non-toxic Toxic Toxic Toxic Moderately Toxic Hazardous
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1992
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and
Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
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UNCED)
IFCS
1992
OECD
UNCETDG
ILO
GHS
GHS
GHS
200212
20062
200610
20071019
G
HS
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GHS ILO SAFEWORK
-Safe Chemicals Use
ILO
MSDS/SDS
GHS
Strategic
Approach to
International
Chemicals
Management
(SAICM) 2020
National Chemical
Management
GHS Guidance Document, UNITAR, 2005/OSHA, USA
GHS
()
International Labor Organization
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X =
(Hazard Communication)
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GHS Hazard Classification
Labelling
Material Safety Data Sheet, MSDS/SDS
Classification Categories
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GHS
(UNCETDG)
(OECD)
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GHS
+
+ CNS6864UNTDG
+
+ MSDS16
GHS + 27
+ CNS1503027CNS15030-127
+
+ MSDSSDSSDS16
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GHS 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
UN
1. GHS 2.45
A: B: 1%0.1-0.3% 1 20.1 3CNS15030
2015
12/1
12/1 5/31 11/30
A
B
1
2
3
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CNS 15030
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AB
AB
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/1
/1
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13
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1~2
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4
/2
/2
3
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GHS
9
G
H
S
8 5.2 5.1 5.1 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 3 2.2 5.1 2.1 2.1 1
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GHS
9
G
H
S
~
/
/
8 8 6.1
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GHS
(w/w)
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(Material safety data sheet MSDS/SDS)
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MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) ()
SDS (Safety Data Sheet) (GHS)
SDS
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MSDS GHS SDS
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MSDS GHS SDS
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