chiến ..thiết kế Đường 2.1
TRANSCRIPT
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Phn m u
MC CH - NI DUNG
CA THIT K N MN HC
I. MC CHTrn th gii cng nh hin nay, i vi cc nc c nn cng nghip v kinh t pht trin
th giao thng ng bng mt vai tr chin lc. N l huyt mch ca t nc.
i vi nc ta, mt nc c nn kinh t ang giai on pht trin - cn phi c
c s h tng tt - giao thng ng b ngy cng c ngha quan trng.
Nhm cng c nhng kin thc c hc v gip cho sinh vin nm bt thc
tin, vi mc tiu o to i ng k s ngnh xy dng cu ng gii chuyn mn,nhanh nhy trong lao ng sn xut, phc v tt s nghip cng nghip ho, hin i ho
t nc, l tt c nhng iu tm huyt nht ca nh trng ni chung v cc thy,
cc c trong b mn ni ring.
II. NI DUNG
L mt sinh vin lp 64DLCD06- Trng i Hc Cng Ngh Giao Thng Vn Ti H
Ni, c s ng ca B mn ng B, khoa Cng Trnh v Ban gim hiu Trng i hc
Cng Ngh Giao Thng Vn Ti em c lm n thit k mn hc vi nhim v tham gia thit
k mt on tuyn nm trong tnh Bnh Phc
n gm hai phn:
- Phn th nht: Thuyt minh d n u t K-L
- Phn th hai: Bn v thit k k thut tuyn K-L
Do cn hn ch v trnh chuyn mn v thc t nn n ny ca em khng
th trnh khi thiu st. Thnh tht mong nhn c s ng gp kin ca cc thy v
cc bn n ca em c hon chnh hn
H Ni, ngy .... thng 5 nm 2014.
Sinh vin thc hin
Phan Trn Chin
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LI CM N
Em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy c gio Trng i hc Giao thng Vn t i
H Ni nhit tnh dy d, cc thy c b mn ng b hng dn chuyn mn.
c bit cm n THY GIO L QUANG HUYv THY GIO TRN NGC
HNG trc tip hng dn em hon thnh n mn hcny mn hc ny
Sinh vin thc hin
Phan Trn Chin
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Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn n
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H ni ngy thng 2014
Nhn xt ca gio vin c duyt:
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Chng 1:
GII THIU CHUNG
1.1. Tng quan
1.1.1 Vtr a l khu vc tuyn i qua :
Huyn ng Ph-Tnh Bnh Phc nm su trung tm vng ngNam B, a bnng Ph c bao quanh bi hai con sng ln l: sng B v sng ng nai, cng vinhiu sui chy qua nh:sui Rt, sui nc trong, sui Giai, sui Lam, sui M vnhiu sui nhvi lulng t, ri rc khp vng trong huyn, nm trong khong toa l t100469B- 10701414. cao trung bnh t50- 120m so vi mc nc
bin. Huyn ng Ph nm pha ngnam tnh Bnh Phc, pha ty gip huyn ChnThnh v thx ng Xoi, pha Bc gip Phc Long, pha ty bc gip B ng,phanggip VnhCu, pha nam gip Ph Gio.
Tnh Bnh Phc c din tch tnhin l 935,4 km2, l a bn c vtr chin lc ht scquan trng, c ng quc l14, ng tnh 714 iqua, yl nhng con ng giaothng huyt mch ni lin ng Ph vi Ty Nguyn, Thnh PhHCh Minh v nc
bn Campuchia. Bn cnh cn hng c hng trmkm ng lin x v ng tnh 753ni lin cc x trong huyn vi nhau.
Hai im K-L m tuyn iqua thuc a phn Huyn ng Ph , tnh Bnh Phc
b. Vti nguyn khong sn:
xy dng- Bao gm c bazan, feralit nu v 1 t t xm trn ph xa c; bazan ckhai thc kh nhiuim,song viciutra, qunl cn nhiuhnch,yl ngunti nguyn kh phong ph trn abn.
c. Vti nguyn rng:
So vicc huynkhc catnh, dintch tlm nghiphuynKrngNngkhng ln,n nm 2008 c 7.364 ha, trong ch yu l rng c dng 100 ha, rng phng h5.940,3 ha, rngsnxutchim t l t. Din tch trngcy lu nm l 30.905,5 ha chyul cy c ph, cao su, iu;trong c ph l 25.662 ha, dintch cao su l 3.155 ha,
htiu l 286,8 ha.
d. Vti nguyn du lch:
C nhiukhu du lich nh:
+ HsuiLam: khu vcx ThunPh niyc 1 hkh rng,quanh nmnctrongxanh, in bng nhnghng cy cao su tittxung quanh.
+ H Sc Xim: Khu du lch Sc Xim thuc x An Ph cch H Ch Minh Chng
120km.Niyrt thch hpcho loihm du lchsnbtv cu c trn hnc trongxanh, thmngvinhngthc ncgiavng rngcao nguyn
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+ Khu vcB R Thc M:Niyxy dngmtnh bia rtsang trng tngnimcc chinshy sinh trong khu vcB R.
e. Vmngligiao thng:
Trn abn tnhgiao thng cthng sutnitrong v ngoi tnh,huhtcnha
ha
- Qucl13 tcuTham Rt(ranh tnhBnh Dng)itheo hngNamBcquatrungtm huynChnThnh, Bnh Long nimcuil cakhuHoa L(ranh VngqucCampuchia) vitngchiudi l 79,90 km (nng cpngb tng nha38,90 kmlng nhal 41km. ontThnh PhHCh Minh iBnh Phcmrng,thmbtng nhavi04 ln xe nhuynBnh Long.- Qucl14 nicc tnhTy Nguyn qua Bnh PhcvThnhphHCh Minh vi112,70 km l ngb tng nha,sptisniviTy Nam B(oniqua thxngXoi, tnhBnh Phcdkinmrng4-6 ln xe). imugiao viQucl13
ting tChnThnh ngip ranh tnhkNng.- ngT741: ktnitrung tm tnhvicc huyn ngPh, PhcLong c hnggnnhsong song viQL13, yl tuynngniviThnhphHCh Minh quaBnh Phcc chiudi tuyn135,8 km (67 km ngb tng nha04 ln xe; 50,8 kmnglng nhav 18 km ngsi).imutiBu Tr(ranh tnhBnh Dng),imcuitix B Gia Mp(ranh tnhkNng).- Cc tuynnglin huynclng nha,gn90% ngntrung tm
- Cc tuynngnivitnhTy Ninh, tnhLm ngclng nhartthuntincho giao thng. ngnivitnhngNai angnng cpmrng
- Dkinnnm 2020-2025 s c tuynngstxuyn iqua cakhuquc tHoa L tnhBnh Phcvi tuynng sti thnh phHCh Minh v cc tnhMinTy Nam B.Tuynngxuyn snivicc ncCampuchia, Lo, Myanma,Malaysia, Thi Lan thunlicho luthng hng ha v ngiqua ligiacc nctrongkhu vc.
1.2Cc cn cphp l lp dn u t bao gm:
- Cn cLut s16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc hi nc cng ha x
hi ch ngha Vit Nam kha XI, k hp th 4 v xy dng; Lut s 38/QH12 ngy
19/6/2009 ca QH kha 12, khp th5 sa i bsung mt siu ca cc lut lin
quan n u t xy dng c bn;
- Cn cNghnh s: 15/2013 N-CP ngy 06/02/2013 ca Chnh Phvqun l
cht lng xy dng cng trnh;
- Cn cNghnh s: 12/2009 N-CP ngy 12/02/2009 ca Chnh Phvqun l
dn u t xy dng cng trnh;
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- Cn cNghnh s: 112/2009 N-CP ngy 14/12/2009 ca Chnh Phvqun
l chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh;
- Cn cThng t s03/2009/TT-BXD ngy 26 thng 03 nm 2009 ca Chnh
phvvic Quy nh chi tit mt sni dung ca Nghnh s12/2009/N-CP
ngy 12/02/2009 ca Chnh phvqun l dn u t xydng cng trnh;- Cn cNghnh s85/2009/N-CP ngy 15/10/2009 ca Chnh phvhng
dn thi hnh lut u thu v la chn nh thu theo lut xy dng;
- Cn cThng t 02/2007/TT-BXD, ngy 14 thng 2 nm 2007 ca BXy dng
vvic hng dn mt sni dung vlp, thm nh, ph duyt Dn u t xy dng
cng trnh.
1.3. Cc quy trnh, quy phm p dng:
1.3.1 Quy trnh kho st:
- Quy trnh kho st ng t: 22 TCN 263- 2000
- Quy phm o vbn a hnh: 96 TCN 4390
- Cng tc trc a trong XDyu cu chung: TCXDVN 3092004
- Quy trnh kho st thuvn: 22 TCN 2784
- Quy trnh kho st a cht: 22 TCN 2784
- Quy trnh khoan thm d a cht: 22 TCN 259-2000
- Quy trnh th nghim xuyn tiu chun(SPT): TCXD 2211999
- Quy trnh th nghim t xy dng: TCN 4195-1995 v 4202-1995
- Quy trnh kho st thit knn ng t p trn t yu: 22TCN 262-2000
- Quy trnh thnghim xc nh m un n hi chung ca kt cu bng cn o vng
Benkelman: TCVN 8867:2011.
1.3.2. Cc quy trnh quy phm thit k:- ng t tiu chun thit k: TCVN 4054 -2005
- Quy phm thit kng ph, qung trng th: TCXDVN 104 -2007
- Quy trnh thit ko ng mm: 22TCN 211-06
- Quy trnh thit ko ng cng: Q3230 /Q-BGTVT
- Tnh ton dng chy l: 22 TCN 22095
- Quy phm thit ktng chn t: QP2365.
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- Quy phm KSTK nn ng t qua vng t yu: 22 TCN 2622000
-iu lbin bo ng b: QCVN41:2012/BGTVT
- Tiu chun thit kcu: 22 TCN 272-05.
- Cc thit kin hnh cng, cng bn , tng chn v v ..
1.4.Mc tiu u t dn :
- Xy dng tuyn ng gp phn hon chnh mng li giao thng trong khu vc.
Tuyn ng hin ti l tuyn ng chnh l huyt mch giao thng ni trung tm
huyn l cc huyn khc trong tnh.
- Xy dng tuyn ng p ng c mc tiu pht trin KT-XH ca a phng.
- Vic xy dng tuyn sp ng c sgiao lu ca dn c trong vng vkinh t,
vn ho, x hi cng nh vchnh tr, gp phn nng cao i sng vt cht, tinh thn canhn dn trong vng cng nh tng khnng vn chuyn hng ho, si li ca nhn
dn.
- V vy vic u t nng cp, ci to tuyn ng l rt cn thit v cp bch. D
n s to ra bmt mi cho nhn dn ( nh in, ng, trng, trm ) gp phn thc
y hn na spht trin bmt giao thng tng bc p ng yu cu cng nghip
ha , hin i ha kinh tnng nghip nng thn.
Chng 2:
TNH HNH KINH T- X HI KHU VC TUYN
2.1 VTR KHU VC TUYN
Huyn ng Ph l mt huyn nm pha ngbc tnh Bnh Phc , cch trung tm tnhl50 km theo ng Quc l14, tnh l14c din tch tnhin 935,4km2, dn strung
bnh 86.896 ngi, mt dn sbnh qun khong 93ngi/km2 ,c 11 nvhnhchnh, trong c 1 thtrn v 10 x gm: (gm: thtrn Tn Ph, Thun Li, Thun Ph,ng Tm, ng Tin, Tn Phc, Tn Hng,Tn Li, Tn Ha, Tn Tin, Tn Lp).ahnh ca ng Ph l a hnh ng bng tngi bng phng, xen knhng i thpln sng, nhiu cnh quan thin nhin p; t ai,kh hu, thi tit kh thun li cho
pht trin nng nghip hng ho, pht trin dch v, du lch, cng nghip, tiu thcngnghip v cc ngnh sn xut kinh doanh. Hthng giao thng nng thn nh hnh v
pht trin, m bo luthng hng ho tt c2 ma, hthng mng li in Quc gia n c hu ht cc x trn a bn, cc cng trnh phc vsn xut nng nghip c
xy dng v ngy cng pht huy hiu qu. Nhng iu kin trn l csv ng lc thcy pht trin kinh t- x hi ca huyn theo hng cng nghip ho - hin i ho vi c
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cu pht trin mt nn kinh thng ho bao gm nng lm nghip, cng nghip- xydng, dch vmang li hiu qupht trin kinh t- x hi v mi trng bn vng.
.
* Dn c v lao ng
Dn c sinh sng trong khu vc ny chyu hai im K v L, tc tng dn sbnh qun hng nm mc trung bnh, mt dn scn tha tht.
T l lao ng trong cng nghip v dch v tng i cao, thnh phn dn c
trong tui lao ng chim tlln song trnh cn nhiu hn ch
*Kinh t
y l tuyn giao thng quan trng qua x K-L , Sau khi
xy dng tuyn s l cu ni gia cc vng trong khu vc,
lng vn ti trn tuyn tng, to iu kin cho vic giao
lu hng ho, sn phm nng nghip, pht trin cc hnh
thc kinh t thng nghip, dch v v vn ti. Thc y s
pht trin kinh t, chnh tr, vn ho, dn tr ca cc
huyn l ni ring v ca tnh ni chung gp phn thc
hin cng nghip ho v hin i ho t nc.
2.2HIN TRNG GIAO THNG
Nhn chung khu vc xung quanh tuyn ng cn nng cp c h thng giao
thng km pht trin. ng giao thng ch yu l cc con ng xy dng tnhng
nm 70 ca thktrc, n nay xung cp nghim trng, cht lng ng xu hn
so vi cp kthut, nhiu chli lm g ,tru gy mt an ton cho phng tin giao
thng qua li, mt schcng thot nc bhng gy kh khn cho vic thot nc lu
vc cng nh thot nc mt trn ng .
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Chng3:
CHIN LC PHT TRIN
Huy ng ti a mi ngun lc cho u t pht trin, nht l ngun lc nhn lc, u
tin u t khai thc ngun ti nguyn tim nng ca vng Cao nguyn. y nhanh
chuyn dch c cu kinh tv nng cao cht lng tng trng. Tng bc xy dng h
tng kinh tk thut- x hi pht trin, u tin cc vng c nn kinh t trng im v
vng kinh tkh khn cn uc pht huy.
thc hin phng hng trn cn qun trit cc quan im sau y:
i mi m hnh tng trng v c cu kinh ttchyu pht trin theo chiu rng
sang pht trin hi ho gia chiu rng v chiu su, va mrng quy m, va ch trng
cht lng, hiu qu, m bo pht trin nhanh v bn vng.
Quan in pht trin v mc tiu pht trin kinh t x hi ca khu vc c
thng nht trong nghi quyt ca i hi ng bphng.
Theo quyt nh s87/2009/Q-TTg ngy 17/6/2009 ca Th tng Nguyn Tn
Dng ph duyt quy hoch tng thpht trin kinh t- x hi tnh Bn Phc thi kn
nm 2020:
3.1. VPHT TRIN KINH T
- Tng GDP nm 2010 gp 1,7 ln so vi nm 2005; nm 2020 gp 3,03 ln so vi nm
2010. GDP/ngi nm 2010 t khong 9,510 triu ng; nm 2020 khong 4243,3
triu ng.
- Tc tng trng GDPbnh qun hng nm giai on 20062010 t khong 11% -
12%; giai on 2011 2015 t khong 12% - 12,5% v giai on 2016 2020 t
khong 12,5% - 13%;
- Chuyn dch mnh c cu kinh tn nm 2010 ttrng cc ngnh nng, lm, ngnghip chim khong 48% - 49%; cng nghipxy dng chim khong 20,5% - 21%
v khu vc dch vchim khong 30,5% - 31%. n nm 2015 c c cu tng ng l
35% - 36%; 27% - 28% v 36% - 37%; Nm 2020, ttrng nng nghip gim xung cn
25% - 26%; cng nghip t khong 34%35% v dch vt khong 41%;
- Phn u kim ngch xut khu ca tnh nm 2010 t khong 380 triu USD; nm 2015
t 600 triu USD; nm 2020 t 1.000 triu USD;
- Tlhuy ng GDP vo ngn sch khong 12% - 13% vo nm 2010; 14% - 15% vonm 2015 v 16% - 18% vo nm 2020.
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3.4 VKT CU HTNG CHYU
- n nm 2020, ci to v nng cp IV tuyn quc l(quc l14, 14C, 26 v 27); quy
hoch v xy dng thm 2 tuyn mi: . Ci to v nng cp cc tuyn tnh ltheo quy m
ng cp III v cp IV min ni, nha ha, b tng ha 100%; xy dng cc tuynng huyn theo quy m cp IV v cp V min ni, nha ha v b tng ha 80%; nha
ha v b tng ha 100% ng ni thv 60% ng x;
- Phn u n nm 2010 c 95% shdn c sdng in, n nm 2015 tlny
100%;
- Nm 2010: 100% sx trong Tnh c mng in thoi; 100% cc im bu in vn
ha x v cc trung tm gio dc cng ng c kt ni internet; mt in thoi bnh
qun t 3235 my/100 dn; mt internet t 8- 12 thu bao/100 dn. Nm 2020:
mt in thoi t bnh qun 50 my/100 dn;
- Nm 2010, bo m 100% dn s thnh thc dng nc sch vi nh mc 120
lt/ngi/ngy m v trn 70% dn snng thn vi bnh qun 80 90 lt/ngi/ngy
m. n nm 2020, 100% dn sc sdng nc sch.
Chng4:
CC QUY HOCH LIN QUAN N DN
4.1. QUY HOCH PHT TRIN GIAO THNG N NM 20204.1.1. ng b
Xy dng cc tuyn ng giao thng n trung tm cc x tng chiu di ln, nhm
to ra xu hng pht trin thun tin i li thng xut gia cc thn lng, p ng xong
hnh vi vic pht trin cng lm nghip, vic khai thc vn chuyn trnn ddng hn.
p ng vi nhu cu thc t.
Pht trin ng b h thng h tng giao thng, p ng nhu cu vn ti tng
thi k, trn khp a bn tnh v mang li hiu qu kinh t x hi v bo v qucphng an ninh.
- T nay n nm 2020, tip tc cng c khi phc, nng cp cc cng trnh giao thng
ng b hin c, hon chnh mng li, xy dng mi mt s cng trnh c yu cu
cp thit, bo m mt mng li ng trn 0,6 km/km2.
+ Ci to nng cp 4 tuyn quc l chy qua l: QL14, QL14C, QL26, QL27 vi tng
chiu di 397,5km.
+ Quy hoch 2 tuyn mi+ Nng cp 77km tnh l ln quc l.
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Trong : phn u n nm 2020 nha ha hoc b tng ha ton b tuyn tnh l,
huyn l, ng th; 50% s km ng x c cng ha.
4.1.2. ng thy
ng sng: Ci to, no vt cc tuyn quan trng nh: nhm thot nuc nhanh vo
ma ma l trnh hin tng ngp lt, cung cp ngun nc ti tiu cho cy cngnghip v vn chuyn hng ho.
4.1.3. ng st
Giai on ny tin hnh duy tu bo dng m bo an ton tu chy v phc vvn
chuyn khch v hng ha.
Xy dng hthng ro chn, ng ngang cc on mt an ton trn ton tuyn.
Xy dng h thng thng tin tn hiu, thit b cnh bo tng khi c tu qua ti
nhng ni khng c ro chn.4.2. QUN L GIAO THNG V AN TON GIAO THNG
Tng cng cng tc tuyn truyn phbin gio dc vlut giao thng ng b, trt
tATGT, bo vKCHTGT qua cc phng tin thng tin i chng; xy dng cc ni
dung, chng trnh, phng s phbin cc quy nh php lut vgiao thng. Mcc
t tuyn truyn su rng ph hp vi tng i tng vng min nh: tp hun, hi tho,
cc cuc thi tm hiu php lut vlut GTB, trt tATGT, bo vKCHTGT. Huy ng
svo cuc ca cc tchc chnh trx hi, tchc on th, cc doanh nghip trn a
bn tham gia cc hot ng tuyn truyn nng cao thc khi tham gia giao thng.
Pht trin hthng kt cu htng giao thng gn vi bo vcng trnh giao thng,
hnh lang an ton ng bv m bo an ton giao thng trong qu trnh thi cng cng
trnh v phi c c quan c thm quyn ph duyt.
Tng cng cng tc cu h, cu nn gim thiu thit hi do tai nn giao thng
gy ra.
4.3. BO VMI TRNG V CNH QUAN
Vic xy dng tuyn ng s lm nh hng ti iu kin t nhin ca khu vc
tuyn si qua. Nhm hn chsnh hng ti iu kin tnhin cng nh mi trng
xung quanh, thit ktuyn phi m bo btr hi ho ph hp vi a hnh, cy ci hai
bn ng v cc cng trnh khc phi b tr hi ho vi khung cnh thin nhin, to
thnh mt nt vtnhin
4.4. NGUN VN U T THC HIN QUY HOCH
- SKhoch v u t:
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phng tin vn chuyn c, khng an ton v gy nhim mi
trng.
Chng6:
NH GI VVN TI V NHU CU VN TI
Phng thc dbo:
Nhu cu vn ti hng ho khu vc nghin cu (tuyn ng K-l), vn ti ng b
chim vtr rt quan trng.
Trong vn ti ng bth khi lng vn ti lin tnh chim phn nh. Qua sliu
iu tra ca mt s ti c nghin cu chng ti c c vn ti lin tnh ch
chim 32% cn li 68% l vn ti ni tnh.
dbo nhu cu vn ti hng ho trn tuyn K-L, sdng phng php:
Phng php kch bn vpht trin kinh tx hi khu vc hp dn xc nh lng
hng yu cu vn ti.
Phng php kch bn c s dng d bo nhu cu vn ti ca cc mt hngchnh c khi lng ln nh: g, ca cao, cao su, iu, c ph, xng du. V nhng mt
hng ny thng xuyn bin ng vcsn xut ln tiu th.
Kt lun :
Qua cc iu tra kho st cho thy vic trin khai thit kv xy dng tuyn ng
KL l rt cn thit, n c vai tr quan trng trong vic thc y spht trin kinh tca
vng cng nh khu vc
Vic xy dng tuyn ng K-L sp ng c sgiao lu ca dn c trong vngvkinh t, vn ho, x hi cng nh vchnh tr, gp phn nng cao i sng vt cht,
tinh thn ca nhn dn trong vng.
Tuyn ng K-L c xy dng lm gim i nhng qung ng v thi gian i
vng khng cn thit, lm tng svn chuyn hng ho cng nh si li ca nhn dn.
c bit n cn phc vc lc cho cng tc quc phng bo vtquc Vit Nam x
hi chngha.
Chng7:SCN THIT PHI U T
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7.1. KINH T
Vic xy dng tuyn K-L mang ngha ln v mi mt
nh : Kinh t, chnh tr, x hi v an ninh quc phng.
I. kinh t
y l tuyn giao thng quan trng qua x K-L , Sau khixy dng tuyn s l cu ni gia cc vng trong khu vc,
lng vn ti trn tuyn tng, to iu kin cho vic giao
lu hng ho, sn phm nng nghip, pht trin cc hnh
thc kinh t thng nghip, dch v v vn ti. Thc y s
pht trin kinh t, chnh tr, vn ho, dn tr ca cc
huyn l ni ring v ca tnh ni chung gp phn thc
hin cng nghip ho v hin i ho t nc.
II. Chnh trx hiVic xy dng tuyn K-L l vic lm ht sc thit thc
trong chin lc xo i gim ngho cc dn tc thiu s,
rt ngn khong cch giau ngho gia cc vng trong tnh,
thc hin cng nghip ho t nc, to iu kin cho vic
lnh o v ch o ca chnh quyn cc cp c cp nht
thng xuyn, ngi dn phn khi tin theo ng, thc hin
tt cc ch trng chnh sch ca ng v php lut Nh
Nc.
Do iu kin giao thng hn ch phn no lm nh hng
ti sn xut hng ho, trao i dch v, s hnh thnh cc
vng chuyn canh v chn nui t nh hng s pht trin
trong khu vc. to tin cho chng trnh kinh t x
hi th vic tp trung xy dng kt cu h tng l mt
yu cu cn thit v cp bch v thc hin tt th giao
thng phi i trc mt bc.
III.Quc phng
Bnh Phc c ng bin gii quc gia di, nhiu anh em
dn tc thuc vng nn tuyn c v tr ht sc quan trng
trong chin lc bo v an ninh chnh tr, gi vng n nh
chnh tr trong khu vc.
Do nhu cu pht trin kinh t ca cc huyn trong tnh,
vic xy dng giao thng
phi i trc mt bc. Hn na n cn th hin s
quan tm ca Nh nc n vng su, vng xa. V th vic
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u t xy dng tuyn K-L l ph hp vi xu th pht trin
kinh t, hp vi ch trng chnh sch ca ng.
Chng 8:
IU KIN TNHIN KHU VC TUYN1 .X Hi
Dn stnh Bnh Phc c 1.213.750 ngi (sliu thng k nm 2008) bao gm 34cng ng dn tc cng sinh sng. Trong , ngi Vit (Kinh) chim 52% dn s. Cnli l cc dn tc Jrai (33,5%), Bahnar (13,7%), Gi-tring, X-ng, Thi, Mng...
C dn Bnh Phc c thchia lm hai bphn: Bphn c dn bn a sinh sng Bnh Phc t lu i gm dn tc dn tc Jrai v Bahnar, bphn c dn mi n bao
gm ngi Vit v cc dn tc t ngi khc2. a Hnh
Ngoi ra, do c im kin to ca a hnh,Bu c cn cnhng vng t tng i bng phng, c quy m din tch
ln, i ni thp thoi l iu kin thun li pht
trin mt nn cy cng - lm nghip phong ph.
3. Kh hu
a. Nhit :Tnh Bnh Phc nm trong khu vc chu nh hng ca kh hu nhit igi ma bin thin thao cao, trong nm c 2 ma r rt, ma ma tthng 5 n thng
11, ma kh th tthng 12 n thng 4 nm sau nhit thay i r rt cng nn cao
cng gim nhit trung bnh nm ca tnh dao ng t18-250C., thi tit ng ha mt
mquanh nm, thng c t bin ng ln trong chu knm
Lng ma trung bnh t1,750- 3150 mm/ nm, m tng i trung bnh cnm t
85- 87 %, sginng trung bnh cnm 1890-2500 gi, thun li cho vic pht trin
cng nghip v trng rng, vic thi cng cc tuyn ng phtrtng i thun li vo
ma kh
4. Tnh hnh vt liu a phng.
- Trong khu vc tuyn thi cng c ni v i t c thkhai thc lm vt liu
xy dng nn mt ng. ng thi khu vc dnh t tuyn gn cc cnh rng gc
thkhai thc glm vt liu xy dng ln tri, nh xng, phc vthi cng.
5. iu kin mi trng v nh hng ca vic xy dng tuyn n mi trng van ninh quc phng
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- Khu vc tuyn i qua c phong canh rt p, vic xy dng tuyn ng snh
hng ti iu kin tnhin ca khu vc. hn chiu ny cn phi c scho st
sao ca cc cp cc ngnh trnh nhng nh hng khng ng c nh: phliu rc ri
vt ba bi, cht cy khng c quy hochSau khi xy dng xong cn phi dn dp
sch s, trng cy trng cph hp vo cc mi taluy- Vic xy dng tuyn s lm cho vic thng thng gia cc vng pht trin,
ngoi ra con ng cng gp phn vo vic m bo an ninh quc phng cho vng, c
bit l phng ca tnh.
Chng 9
XC NH QUY M V TIU CHUNKTHUT TUYN9.1CC TIU CHUN, QUY TRNH THIT K C P DNG9.1.1Cc quy phm hin hnh ca Vit Nam
TT Cc tiu chun thit kca tuyn K hiu
A Kho st th nghim
1 Quy phm o vbn a hnh 96 TCN 43-90
2 Quy trnh kho st ng t 22 TCN 263 - 200
3 Quy trnh kho st thit knn ng t trn t yu 22 TCN 262 -2000
4 Quy trnh khoan thm d a cht cng trnh Cng tc
trc a trong xy dng- yu cu chung Tiu
22TCN 259-200
TCXDVN 359:
2004
5 Chun o v xl sliu GPS TCVN 364-2006
6 Kho st kthut phc vthi cng mng cc 20TCN 160-87
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7 Quy trnh kho st a cht cng trnh v thit kbin
php n nh nn ng vng c hot ng trt, st
l
22TCVN 171-87
8 Quy trnh th nghim ct cnh hin trng 22TCN 355-2006
9 Quy trnh th nghim xuyn tnh (CPR v CPTU) 22TCN 317-04
10 Quy trnh th nghim ca cc chtiu c l , t xy
dng
22TCN 57-84
11 Phng php chnh l thng k cc kt quc trng
ca chng
20TCN 74-87
12 t xy dng phng php th nghim hin trng
Th nghim xuyn tiu chun
TCXD 226-1999
B Thit k
1 ng t yu cu thit k TCVN 4054-2005
2 ng thyu cu thit k TCVN104-2007
3 ng giao thng nng thn Q 315/Q-
BGTVT
4 Tiu chun thit k(phn nt giao) 22TCN 273-015 Quy trnh thit ko ng mm 22TCN211-06
6 Thit ko ng cng Q3230/Q-
BGTVT
7 Gia cnn t yu bng bc thm TCXD 245-2000
8 Vi a kthut trong xy dng nn t yu 22TCN 248-98
9 Tiu chun thit ktrong thi cng v tnh ton cc ctrng dng chy l
22TCN 220-95
10 Cng trnh giao thng vng ng t- Tiu chun thit
k
22TCN 211-95
11 Quy chun kthut quc gia vbo hiu ng b QCVN41:2012-
BGTVT
12 Tiu chun thit kcu 22TCN 272-05
13 Quy phm thit k cu cng theo trng thi gii hn 22TCN 18-79
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(thit kcng)
14 Kt cu b tng v BTCT tiu chun thit k TCXDVN 356-
2005
C Thi cng v nghim thu
1 Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp lp ghp Quy
phm thi cng v nghim thu
TCXDVN 390-
2007
2 Cng tc t- Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu TCVN 447-1987
3 Nc trn b tng v va TCVN 302:2004
4 Yu cu kthut thp ct b tng TCVN 1651-1:
2008
5 Ct liu b tng v va Phng php th TCVN 7572-20:
2006
6 Cc khoan nhi thi cng v nghim thu TCXDVN 326-
2004
7 Lp mng cp phi dm trong kt cu o ng
t, vt liu thi cng v nghim thu
TCVN 8859-2011
8 Mt ng b tng nha nng Yu cu thi cng vnghim thu TCVN 8819-2011
9 Mt ng lng nh tng ng axt thi cng v
nghim thu
TCVN9505: 2012
10 Lp kt cu o ng dm nc thi cng v
nghim thu
TCVN9054:2012
11 Mng cp phi dm v cp phi thin nhin gia c
xi mng trong kt cu o ng t- thi cng vnghim thu
TCVN 8858:2011
12 Quy trnh k thut thi cng v nghim thu bc thm
trong xy dng nn ng t yu
22TCN 236-97
13 Kt cu gch Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu TCVN 4085-1985
14 Cc tiu chn, quy trnh, quy phm c lin quan
9.1.2Cc thit k nh hnhnh hnh cng trn BTCT ca vin thit k GTVT ban hnh
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9.1.3 Lu lng xe ti thi im hin ti v ti nm thit k
9.1.3.1 Nguyn tcthit k
- Cn c vo chc nng ca tuyn: L tuyn ng ni 2 im t L-M l ng i
xuyn qua huyn Bnh Phc, y l khu trung tm ca huyn.
- Cn cvo a hnh khu vc tuyn i qua l i ni.
- Cn c vo lu lng xe chy trn tuyn nm tng lai l:Nq15= Nhh
15.n
i
iiKP.
9.1.2. Phng nv chn cp thit k:
Nxcq 2015 = 1302 (0,2727x1 + 0,17672.5 + 0,09223 +0,1367x2,5 + 0.053x3 +
0,192x 0,3 + 0,0768x0,2 ) = 2037(xcq/ngy.m).
Thnh phn dng xe:
Xe conXe ti 2
trcXe ti 3
trcXe khch
nhXe khch
lnXe my Xe p
27,27% 17,67 9,22% 13,67% 5,3% 19,2% 7,68%
- Cn cvo TCVN4054-2005 :
o dc ngang phbin ca on tuyn L-M i qua l > 30%
o Lu lng thit kxe 2037> 500 (xcq/ngy.m)
Vyta chn cp thit k ca tuyn l cp IVMIN NI
9.2CC TIU CHUN THIT K HNH HC CA NG
Thi hn tnh ton: 10 nm
Quy lut tngtrng xe trung bnh nm: q = 6% nm
9.2.1Xc nh cp ng
Cp ng: ng cp IV, min ni
Vn tc thit k ca ng tng ng vi cp IV, min ni Vtt=40 km/h.
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9.2.2Xc nh dc dc ln nht (imax)
a. Nguyn tcthit k
xe chuyn ng c th gia xe v mt ng phi c lc bm ngha l sc
ko c ch ca ng c phi nh hn lc bm. Lc bm ny ph thuc vo p lc bnh xe
ln ng khi xe ln dc, p lc bnh xe ln ng gim. Do dc ln nht phi
nh hn dc tnh ton theo imax.
Ta c : imax= D - f v D < Db =G
PwGk .
Trong : D : Nhn t ng lc ca xe
f : H s cn ln khi xe chy, f= 0,02
Ta c : imax Db- f v Db =G
PwGk .
Trong : Gk: Trng lng xe phn b trn trc ch ng
G0: Trng lng ton b xe
: H s bm gia bnh xe v mt ng = 0,5
Pw: Lc cn ca giPw=13
.. 2 FVk
b. Phng n thit k
Vi: V: vn tc xe chy V=40km/h
F : din tch chn gi ca xe F=0,75.B.H (B l chiu rng v H l chiu cao t)
k : H s ph thuc vo loi xe
Xt vi xe con quy i :
k = 0,03; G=3600Kg ; Gk=1800Kg; B =1,8m;H = 2m.
Vy: imax
2
0,03.40 .1,8.21800.0,513 0, 02 0, 22
3600
=> imax = 22%
Theo TCVN 4054 - 05, vi tc tnh ton l V = 40Km/h th dc dc ln nht
l idmax = 8%.
Vy kin ngh chn imax = 8%
* Xc nh imax theo nhn t ng lc ca xe :
imax= D - fTrong :
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D : l nhn t ng lc ca t
f : H s cn ln khi xe chy, f= 0,02
Tra biu nhn t ng lc i vi xe con D =0.12 => i max= 0.12-0.02= 0.1=>
imax=10%
Theo TCVN 4054 - 05, vi tc tnh ton l V = 40Km/h th dc dc ln nht
l idmax =8%. Vy kin ngh chn imax =8%
9.2.3 Tnh ton tm nhn xe chy
m bo xe chy an ton, li xe lun lun phi nhn r mt on ng pha trc
x l mi tnh hung v ng v v giao thng trn ng nh trnh cc ch hng hc,
cc chng ngi vt, trnh hoc vt c ly. on ng ti thiu cn nhn thy r pha trc
gi l tm nhn. Khi thit k tuyn cc yu t ca tuyn trn bnh v trn trc dc u
phi m bo c tm nhn xe chy an ton v tin li.
C ly tm nhn ni chung ph thuc vo tc xe chy v bin php iu khin xe
cn p dng khi x l cc tnh hung v c tnh theo hai trng hp sau:
9.2.3.1Xc nh tm nhn mt chiu
a.Nguyn tc thit k
Xe cn hm kp dng trc chng ngi vt, chiu di tm nhn c xc nh
theo s sau:
b. Phng n thit k
S1= Lp+ Sh+ L0
Tnh chiu di tm nhn tnh theo V ( Km/h ) ta c :
S1 = 6,3
V
+ max)(254
2
i
kV
+ Lo
S1
ShLp L0
1 1
S 1
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Trong :
Lp : Chiu di on phn ng tm l, Lp =6,3
V(m).
Sh : Chiu di hm xe, Sh=max)(254
2
i
kV
.
L0: C ly an ton, L0=510 m, ly L0=7 m.
V : Vn tc xe chy tnh ton V = 40 Km/h.
k : H s s dng phanh k = 1,2 i vi xe con.
: H s bm = 0.5
i max= 8%
Thay s vo ta c
S1=6,3
V+
max)(254
2
i
kV
+ Lo=
40
3,6+
21.2*40
254(0.5 0.06)+ 7 = 35,3 m
Theo TCVN 4054-05 tm nhn ti thiu khi chy xe trn ng, ta c S1= 40m.
Chn tm nhn mt chiu S1 =40m .
9.2.3.2 Xc nh tm nhn hai chiu
a.Nguyn tc thit k
Tm nhn hai chiu c xc nh trong trng hp c hai xe chy ngc chiu trn
cng mt ln xe. Hai xe cn hm kp thi khng m vo nhau. Chiu di tm nhn hai
chiu c xc nh theo s sau:
b. Phng n thit kCng thc xc nh tm nhn hai chiu:
S2 = 2 lp+ 2Sh+ loCc thng s tnh ton nh s tm nhn mt chiu, ta c cng thc tnh ton:
S2
Sh1 LpL0
1
S 2
L Sh2
2 2
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S2 = 2 lp+ 2Sh+ l0= oL
i
VKV
22
2
*127
**
8.1
Thay s vo ta c:
S2 =
2
2 2
40 1.2*40 *0.5+ + 7 = 60 (m)
1.8 127* 0.5 -0.06
Theo TCVN 4054-05 tm nhn tithiu khi chy xe trn ng, ta c S2= 80 m.
Chn tm nhn mt chiu S2 = 80 m.
9.2.3.3 Chiu di tm nhn vt xe
Xt theo s 4, xe 1 chy nhanh bm theo xe 2 chy chm vi khong cch an ton
Sh1- Sh2, khi quan st thy ln xe tri chiu khng c xe, xe 1 li dng ln tri vt xe. Taxt trng hp nguy him nht l xe 3 cng chyvi vn tc nhanh nh xe 1.
Chiu di tm nhn theo s 4 c 2 trng hp:
- Bnh thng: S4 = 6V= 6.40 = 240m
- Cng bc: S4= 4V = 4.40 = 160m
Theo TCVN 4054 - 05, chiu di tm nhn vt xe ti thiu l S4= 200 m.
Vy kin ngh chn S4 = 200 m
9.2.4 Xc nh bn knh ng cong nm ti thiu
9.2.4.1 Bn knh ng cong bng ti thiu gii hn Rmin
Rmin=)i.(127
V
maxsc
2
Trong : V: Vn tc xe chy (km/h)
: H s lc y ngang, = 0,15i scmax : dc siu cao ln nht, i scmax=7%
S 3
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Rmin=240
127.(0,15 0,07) = 57,3 m
Theo TCVN 4054 - 05, bn knh ng cong nm ti thiu ng vi siu cao 8% v vn
tc 40km/h l 70 m. Vy kin ngh chnRmin= 125 m .
9.2.4.2 Bn knh ng cong bng ti thiu thng thng
Rttmin=)i.(127
V
sctt
2
Trong :
V: Vn tc xe chy (km/h)
: H s lc y ngang vi = 0.06 0.08 . Chn = 0,08(ng vi trng hp
bt li nht)
i sctt : dc siu cao thng thng, isctt= iscmax- 2% = 5%
Vy, Rmin=240
127.(0,08 0,05) = 97 m
Theo TCVN 4054 - 05, bn knh ng cong nm ti thiu ng vi ng cp IV,
vn tc 40 km/h l 125 m. Vy kin ngh chnRttmin= 125 m.
9.2.4.3 Bn knh ng cong bng ti thiu khng cn b tr siu cao.
R kscmin=).(127
2
niV
Trong : V: Vn tc xe chy (km/h)
: H s lc y ngang vi = 05,004,0 . Chn = 0,05
in : dc ngang mt ng, in= 2%
Vy, Rksc=240
= 420 m127.(0,05-0,02)
Theo TCVN 4054 - 05, ng cp IV vi vn tc40 km/h khng cn lm siu cao th
bn knh ng cong nm 600m. Vy kin ngh chnRkscmin = 600 m .
9.2.5 dc siu cao , on ni siu cao
9.2.5.1 Tnh dc siu cao ln nht
a.Nguyn tc thit k
Nghin cu s vn chuyn ca t ta thy khi t chy trn ng cong bng
t c xu th b trt hoc lt v pha lng ng cong do nh hng ca lc li tm.
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Trn cc ng cong c bn knh nh s nh hng ny cng ln. m bo an ton v
tin li cho xe chy th cc ng cong bn knh nh ngi ta thng xy dng ln
ng c dc ngang nghing v pha bng ng cong gi l siu cao. dc siu
cao c tc dng gim bt lc ngang v tc ng tm l c li cho ngi li xe, lm cho
ngi li t tin c th cho xe chy vi tc nh ngoi ng thng khi cha vo
ng cong.
b. Phng n thit k
Theo TCVN 4054-2005 quy nh dc siu cao ti a vi ng c V tk=40km/h
l 8%, dc siu cao nh nht ta ly theo dc mt ng l khng nh hn 2%.
dc siu cao cn thit xe chy vi tc trn ng cong c bn knh R
c xc nh theo cng thc :
isc=V2
127 .R -
Trong : R : bn knh ng cong
: h s lc ngang = 0,15
V : vn tc thit k = 40 km/h
Bng tnh dc siu cao
R(m) 125 175 200 250 300 1500
0.21 0,14 0,12 0,09 0.07 0.04
Isctt% 1.67 2.20 2.17 2.33 2.45 -
Isctc% 7 6 5 4 3 2
Iscchn% 7 6 5 4 3 2
Kt hp gia dc tnh ton v dc theo qui phm ta chn dc siu cao
ln nht thit k lIsc= 4%.9.2.6 m rng ng cong v on ni m rng
9.2.6 .1 m rng ng cong
a.Nguyn tc thit k
S tnh ton :
BR
L
K1
e1
K2
e2
L
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-
-
- Khi xe chy trn ng cong, trc sau c nh lun lun hng tm, cn bnhtrc hp vi trc xe 1 gc nn xe yu cu mt chiu rng ln hn trn ng
thng. mrng ca 1 ln xe :
2 0,1AL VER R
Trong : + Lx: Khong cch tu xe n trc sau cng ca xe: Lx= 6 (m)
+ V: Vn tc xe chy tnh ton,V = 40 km/h.
+ R: Bn knh ng cong nm.
b. Phng n thit k
Theo bng 12 ti liu [4] yu cu phi mrng phn xe chy khi bn knh ng cong
nm R250, Kt qutnh ton mrng thng k bng :
- on ni m rng lm trng hon ton vi on ni siu cao v ng cong
chuyn tip. Khi khng c 2 yu tny on ni mrng c cu to:
- C chiu di mrng 1m trn chiu di t nht l 10 m.
- Trn sut on ni mrng, mrng c thc hin theo lut bc nht.
- on ni m rng c mt phn na nm trn ng cong v mt phn na nm
trn ng thng.
9.2.7 Chiu di ti thiu ca on chm gia cc ng cong trn
1. Chiu di on chm trong hai ng cong cng chiu
R 129-150 150-175 175-200 200-250
Ett 0,82-0,73 0,73-0,66 0,66-0,60 0,60-0,52
Eqp 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,6
Echn 0,7-0,8 0,7-0,8 0,6-0,7 0,5-0,6
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1 2L +Lm2
vi L1v L2l chiu di on ni siu cao ca 2 ng cong
Trong trng hp khng tha mn iu kin on chm nh trn th ta c cch giiquyt sau y :
+ nu chiu di on thng chm khng c hoc khng th ta c ththay i bnknh ng cong hoc thay thbng mt ng cong duy nht.
+ kt hp vi cm bin bo hn chtc
9.2.7.2chiu di on chm trong hai ng cong ngc chiu
1 2L +Lm2
Vi L1v L2l chiu di on ni siu cao ca 2 ng cong
Trong trng hp khng tha mn iu kin on chm th phi cm li tuynhoc c bin bo hn chtc .
9.2.8 Bn knh ti thiu ng cong ng li, lm
9.2.8.1 Bn knh ti thiu ng cong ng li
Tnh cho trng hp bt li nht l tm nhn mt chiu: S1= 40 m.Bn knh ng cong ni dc li c tnh :
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Rmin= 221
2
1
2 dd
S
=
2
2
40
2 1 0.1= 461,77 (m).
Vi : d1 = 1 m : Chiu cao mt ngi li xe so vi mt ng.
d2 = 0,1 m : Chiu cao ca chng ngi ngi vt so vi mt ng.
Theo TCVN4054-2005 (bng 19/24) vi Vtk=40 km/h th :
Bn knh ti thiu thng thng Rlimin= 1000 m
Chn bn knh ng cong ng li nh nht:Rmin= 700 m.
9.2.8 .2 Bn knh ti thiu ng cong ng lm
a. Theo iu kin m bo tnh m thun:
Khi xe chy vo ng cong ng lm, ngi li xe thng c xu hng tng tc
xe ln dc, do thng pht sinh ra vn vt ti, ng thi gy kh chu cho hnhkhch. V vy phi thit k ng cong ng lm c bn knh hp l nhm bo m yu
cu trn, theo TCVN ta phi hn ch gia tc li tm b khng vt qu t 0,50,7 m/s2.
Chn b = 0,5 m/s2
Cng thc xc nh: Rmin=b
V
.13
2
=240
= 246,15 m6,5
b. Theo iu kin m bo tm nhn ban m:
- S tnh ton:
Ta c:
21
min
1
SR
2. .sinh S
Trong : h : Chiu cao n pha, ly h = 1 m.
: Gc m ca npha xe, thng thng
ly bng 2o
S1 : Chiu di tm nhn 1 chiu, S1= 40 m.
2
min 0
40R = R = = 471 (m)
2 1+40sin1
Theo TCVN4054-2005 (bng 19 /24) th Rlmmin=450 m. T2 iu kin trn v theo
quy phm ta chnRlmmin
= 450(m).
9.2.9 m bo tm nhn trn bnh
S tnh tonS0
ZZ0
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m bo cho ngi li xe chy vi tc thit k phi tnh ton m bo
tm nhn vi gi thit tm nhn ca ngi li xe cao 1,2m so vi mt ng. Gi Z 0l
khong cch t qu o t n chng ngi vt
Z l khong cch t qu o t n gii hn tm nhn
Nu Z Z0th tm nhn c m bo, Z > Z0th tm nhn b che khut
Ta c: Z =R
S
8
2
0
Trong : S0: C ly tm nhn S0= 150 mR : Bn knh ng cong tnh cho trng hp R min=60m
Z =2150
8.60= 46,9 (m)
Vy m bo tm nhn ca ngi li xe khi vo ng cong l :Z = 46,9 m.
9.2.10 Cc c trng trn mt ct ngang ng
*Sln xe yu cu c tnh theo cng thc :
lth
cdgio
lxN
Nn
Trong : + nlx: Sln xe yu cu .
+ Nlth: Nng lc thng hnh thc tkhi khng c phn cch tri chiu v
t chy chung v
i xe th s th theoTCVN4054-2005 ta c: Nlth
=1500 (xcq/h/ln).
+ Z: Hssdng nng lc thng hnh, vi Vtt=40km/h th Z=0,77.
+Ncdgio:Lu lng xe thit kgicao im:
Ncdgio = .Nq15
, vi =0,1
Ncdgio= 0,12037= 203,7 (xcq/h).
Thay cc gi trvo 2.13ta c:
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28,0150077.0
4,323
lxn (ln )
Theo bng TCVN4054-2005 (bng 6 trang 11) vi ng c tc thit kVtk=
40km/h th sln xe yu cu l 2 ln. V ng cp IV, tc thit k40 km/h phi ti
thiu 2 ln xe ngc chiu m bo tc xe chy v an ton giao thng.
Vy ta chn nlx = 2 ln.
*Chiu rng mt ng v nn ng:
- Chiu rng phn xe chy c xc nh nh sau:
Bm= n.B + Bd (m) (2.14).
Trong : Bm :Chiu rng ton bphn xe chy (m).
B : Chiu rng mt ln xe (m) B= 2,75 (m)
n : Sln xe, n= 2
Bd:Tng brng ca di phn cch (m). Theo TCVN4054-2005 th i vi
ng cp IV, VTK=40 Km/h, c 2 ln xe th khng c di phn cch gia nn Bd=0.
Thay vo (2.14) ta c : Bm= 2 x 2,75= 5,5 (m)
Chiu rng nn ng: Bn= Bm+2.Bl
Bl: Brng phn l(kcphn gia c). Theo TCVN4054-2005 th Bl=1,0 m.(0,5)
Vy chiu rng nn ng l:Bn = 2 x 2,75 + 2 x 1,0 =7,5(m)
ng c tc t40 km/h khng cn phi c di dn hng.
9.2.11 Thng k cc yu tkthut
STT Yu tkthut chyun
v
Trs
Trskin
nghchnTnh ton
Quy nh
trong tiuchun
1 Cp qun l IV IV IV
2 Vn tc thit k Km/h 40 40 40
3 dc dc ln nht % 4 8 8
4 Tm nhn xe chy mt
chiu
m 35,3 40 40
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5 Tm nhn xe chy hai chiu m 60 80 80
6 Tm nhn vt xe m 160 200 200
7 Bn knh ng cong nm
ti thiu thng thng Rsctt
m 125 125
8 Bn knh cong bng thng
thng c siu cao
m
9 Bn knh cong bng thng
thng khng siu cao
m 600 600
10 dc siu cao ln nht % 4 6 6
12 Chiu di on ni siu cao m 12 12
13 m rng trong ng
cong
m 0,60-0,52 0,8 0,8
14 on ni m rng trong
ng cong
m 12 12
15 Chiu rng mt ng m 2*2,75 2*2,7516 Chiu rng lng m 2*1 2*1
17 Chiu rng lgia c m 2*0.5 2*0.5
18 dc ngang mt ng % 2 2
19 dc ngang lng % 2 2
20 dc ngang lgia c % 2 2
21 dc ngang lt % 4 4
22 Loi mt ng A1 A1
23 M uyn n hi yu cu
ti thiuEdhtt
1,27 1,27
CHNG 10CC GII PHP V KT QUTHIT K
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10.1 THIT KBNH
10.1.1. Cc im khng ch
Bao gm cc im ti v tr cu, cng, v tr c giao nhau vi ng cp cao hn,
nhng im cao.
Cn c vo bnh t l 1:25000 vi khong chnh cao gia cc ng ng mc
l 5m, thit k tuyn trn binh cnhng ng ng mc bao gm cc cng vic sau:
- Vch cc phng n tuyn i qua 2 im K-L
- o gc, cm cong, tnh cc yu t ca ng cong.
- o di, cm cc cc chi tit.
- Xc nh cao t nhin ca cc cc chi tit
10.1.2. Cc nguyn tc xc nh hng tuyn
Cn c vo bnh t l 1/25000 vi khong chnh cao gia cc ng ng mc
l 5m, cn c vo hai im khng ch K-L ta tin hnh vch tuyn theo cc nguyn tc
sau:
+ Cn c vo cc yu t k thut khng ch trc nh: dc dc ln nht,
bn knh ng cong ti thiu, chiu rng mt ng... tnh ton vch tuyn.
+ Ti cc v tr tuyn i hng, b tr ng nhng ng cong nm c bn knh
ln bm st a hnh, trnh vic o - p ln.
+ Ti nhng ni tuyn ct qua dng chy, to thun li cho vic thot nc
cc cng trnh nn b trtuyn ng vung gc vi dng chy.
Trong trng hp kh khn cho php tuyn i xin gc vi dng chy ci thin
kh nng thot nc ti cc cng trnh.
+ Gia cc ng cong cng chiukhng b tr on chm ngn, khi c th ni
trc tip bng mt ng cong c bn knh ln.
+ Cc on thng chm gia hai ng cong phi di c th b tr ng
cong chuyn tip, on ni siu cao, m rng ng cong (nu c).
Nn on chm > 200m trong trng hp kh khn vn phi m bo khng
nh hn 2V (m) i vi ng cong ngc chiu.
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+ ngi li xe khng ch quan, km phn x khi chy trn ng thng th cc
on thng trn bnh khng c thit k qu di ( khng qu 3km). m bo s
u n un ln trong khng gian to cnh quan cho ng cc yu t tuyn trn bnh
c ch phi hp vi cc yu t trn trc dc & trc ngang. Song tin li cho
qu trnh thit k u tin l ta vch tuyn trn bnh . Thng qua cc ng dn hng
tuyn (cc phng n) vch tin hnh thit k trc dc & trc ngang. Tuy cc cng
vic thit k trc dc v trc ngang lm sau nhng trong qu trnh thit k nht thit phi
xem li hng tuyn vch & c th sa li tuyn trn bnh sao cho ph hp vi
nh thit k.
10.1.3. Vch phng n tuyn trn bnh
Tuyn ngK-L l mt on trong tuyn ng ni lin trung tm kinh t vnho ca tnh Bnh Phc .Vic vch tuyncn c vo bnh t l 1/25000, vo cc yu
t k thut ca tuyn v cc quy nh ca quy trnh c mt tuyn hp l.
-Ti cc v tr i hng ca tuyn b tr ng cong c bn knh ph hp bm
st a hnh trnh o p ln.
-Cc on thng trn bnh khng c thit k qu di ( khng qu 3km) s
lm cho li xe ch quan d gy tai nn.
-Ti nhng ch tuyn i hng lin tc m c 2 ng cong ngc chiu hoc
cng chiu k nhau th phi m bo on chm b tr siu cao, chuyn tip.
-i vi nhng ni tuyn giao nhau vi dng nc th tt nht i tuyn vung
gc vi dng chy v nn chn ni dng chy hp, n nh, thng ,trnh tuyt i nhng
ch khc sng cong, khng n nh.
-Khi thit k tuyn trn bnh m ch yu a hnh l ithoi. Tuyn bng qua
a hnhc cao ln nhng dc thin nhin tng i thoi so vi dc cho php
nn ch cn thit k sao cho nn ng m bo n nh i vi ch thu nhit 2 bn
ng .
-Xut pht t nhng nguyn tc v yu cu trn em tin hnh vch tuyn t 2
im K-L v cc im khng ch khc trn tuyn t ti quyt nh chn phng n
tuyn nh thit k.
10.1.4. Thit k ng cong trn tuyn10.1.4.1 Thit k ng cong chuyn tip
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a.Nguyn tc thit k
Khi thit k ng cong trn bnh ta cn cn c vo gc chuyn hng, chiu
di cc on thng m chn cc bn knh cong sao cho hp l, m bo tuyn hi ho. V
l ng cp IV min ni nn trong cc on cua ta b tr ng cong chuyn tip.
ng cong chuyn tip l ng cong c bit (ng cong clothoid) chm gia
ng thng v ng trn m bo 2 mc tiu :
- Bn knh cong thay i t => R
- Thay i iu ha gc chuyn hng t 0 =>
Theo tiu chun 4054-05, ng vi ng cp IV-min ni, ta chn chiu di
ng cong chuyn tipLct = 12 m
Thng s trong ng congc cc yu
t sau:
- im tip u, im tip cui : TD,TC.
- im ni u, im ni cui : ND,NC.
- im gia: P
b. Phng n thit k
cm c cc im ch yu trnng cong chuyn tipta cn phi tnh tonc cc yu t ch yu sau :
- Tnh gc kp : ct0
L =
2R
Phi tha mn iu kin 0 kEyc
=> cu to kt cu d kin m bo yu cu cng theo vng n hi cho php10.4.2.2. Kim ton theo tiu chun chu ct trong nn t.
Cng thc kin ton: trcd
ttavax
K
CTT
Trong :
-Taxl ng sut ct hot ng do ti trng bnh xe tiu chun gy ra trn nn t.(MPa)
-Tav : l ng sut ct hot ng do ti trng bn thn gy ra trn nn t.( MPa )
- Ctt: Lc dnh tnh ton ca t nn ( MPa)- trcdK : H s cng v chu ct trt.
Theo iu kin tnh ton th Vic tnh i tng 2 lp tm Etb thc hin nh trn,kt qu th hin trong bng sau:
Lp kt cu Ei(Mpa)
Hi(cm) Htb(cm)
Etb(Mpa)
Cp phi dm loi II 250 30 30 250
Cp phi dm loi I 300 1.2 26 0.867 56 272.459
B tng nha mn 300 0.91756 7 0.125 63 269.9
M un n hi Etb = 269.9002 (Mpa)
TsH/D = 1.9091
Hsiu chnh = 1.2056
M un n hi hiu chnh Edc = 325.4014 (Mpa)TsE1/E2 = 8.135
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HsKtt = 0.94
Gc ni ma st t nn = 27.5 ()
Gi trTax = 0.0065 (Mpa)
Gi trTav = -0.002 (Mpa)
TsTax/p = 0.0108
HsK1 = 0.6
HsK2 = 1
HsK3 = 1.5
Gi trCtt = 0.0117
Gi trTax + Tav = 0.0045
iu kin kim ton Ctt/Ktr > Tax +Tav=> kt cu d kin m bo yu cu chu ct trt
10.4.2.3Kim ton theo tiu chun chu ko un trong cc lp vt liu lin khiiu kin tnh ton :
(*)ku
cd
ku
ttku
K
R
Trong :
- ku: ng sut chu ko un ln nht pht sinh ti y lp vt liu lin khi
di tc dng ca ti trng bnh xe.
- kuttR : cng chu ko un tnh ton ca lp vt liu lin khi.
- kucdK : h s cng chu ko un.
Tr s Etbca 3 lpc xc nh trong bng sau:
Lp kt cu Ei(Mpa) Hi(cm) Htb(cm) E
tb(Mpa)
Cp phi dm loi II 250 30 30 250.00
Cp phi dm loi I 300 1.2 26 0.867 56 272.59
B tng nha th 1600 4.40432 7 0.125 63 334.729
i vi lp (th3): B tng nha cht ht mn
M un n hi trung bnh Etb = 334.73 (Mpa)
M un n hi iu chnh Edc = 325.2506M un n hi ca lp 3 = 1200 (Mpa)
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TsH/D = 1.697
TsE0/Edc = 0.123
TsEch/Edc = 0.5079
Gi trEch = 165.1948 (Mpa)
TsH1/D = 0.2121
TsE1/Echm = 7.2642
Gi tr dv = 1.8706
Gi tr ku = 0.954
HsK1 = 0.7745
HsK2 = 1
Hs kucdK = 0.94
Tsku
tt
ku
cd
R
K = 0.9887
Tha mn :ku
cd
ku
ttku
K
R
Vy kt cu thit k d kin t c iu kin i vi c hai lp b tng nha
10.5 THIT K CC CNG TRNH THOT NC
Nc l nguyn nhn rt quan trng gy ra cc h hng i vi cc cng trnh
ng nh:
+ Nc lm gim cng ca cc loi vt liu lm ng, ph hu kt cu mt
ng, lm cho mt ng chng b hng.
+ Nc lm nn t qu m dn n d b mt n nh ... v th i km vi cng
trnh ng bao gi cng phi c h thng thot nc.
+ H thng thot nc c tc dng tp trung nc v thot nc ra khi nn
ng hoc ngn chn khng cho nc xm nhp vo phn trn ca nn ng.
+ H thng thot nc ng t bao gm h thng thot nc mt v h thng
thot nc ngm.
10.5.1 H thng thot nc ngm:
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-Nc ngm l nc ng hay nc chuyn ng trong cc khe h ca tng nham
thch nhng su khc nhau.
- Khi nn ng o qua tng cha nc ngm th nc s gy m t cho nn
ng hoc cc sn ni c nc ngm chuyn thng hay b st v trt.
- Xy dng h thng thot nc ngm nh lm rnh thot nc ngm, h mc
nc ngm hay dng ging ht nc ngm. N c tc dng ngn chn, tp hp tho v h
mc nc ngm m bo nn ng khng b m t do ci thin ch thu nhit
nn mt ng.
10.5.2 H thng thot nc mt:
- Rnh dc, rnh nh, rnh tp trung nc, thng u, b bc hi ,
Dcnc, bc nc.
Cc cng trnh that nc qua ng: cu, cng, ng thm.
Cc cng trnh hng nc v nn dng.
Do c im v a hnh, a cht, thu vn, ca vng tuyn i qua nn trn tuyn
ch phi b tr cc cng trnh that nc sau: Rnh dc, cu, cng.
10.5.3. Rnh thot nc
10.5.3.1B tr rnh dc
- Rnh dc c thit k cc on nn ng p thp di 0.6m, tt c cc
on nn o, nn na o na p v c th b tr mt hoc hai bn nn ng.
Kch thc ca rnh c thit k theocu to m khng yu cu tnh ton thu
lc. Taluy rnh thit k vi dc 1:1.
Vic kim tra xem rnh c kh nng thot nc hay khng t cng cu to s
c kim tra c th trong phn thit k k thut, n ph thuc vo dc lng rnh,
chiu di v bin php x l lng rnh
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dc dc ca rnh thng ly theo dc dc ca ng nhm mc ch d
thi cng. Nhng m bo cc ht ph sa khng lng ng y rnh th dc ca
rnh ir>0,5%. Trong trng hp c bit cho php 0.3% < ir
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10.5.4 Cng thot nc
Vic thit k cc cng cn m bo nhng yu cu sau:
+Nn t cng vng gc vi tim ng m bo k thut v kinh t.
+ Khu ca cng khng nn dng loi nh hn 0,75m tin cho vic duy tu
bo dng sau ny.
+ Mc nc chy trong cng phi cch nh cng mt on m bo nhng vt
tri c th thot qua.
+ B dy lp t p trn cng khng c nh hn 0,5m m bo cng khng
b v di tc dng ca ti trng xe. Ring i vi cc cng bn p v c p phi xc
nh c mc nc dnh trc cng thit k nn ng.
+ C gng s dng kt cu nh hnh nh cng b tng ct thp lp ghp (cng
trn) v phi lm sao cho n gin, thi cng d dng, p dng c cc phng php thi
cng c gii tin tin.
*Nidung tnh ton cng
+ Xc nh v tr ca cng trnh that nc trn bnh v trc dc.
+ Vch cc ng phn thu trn bnh phn chia lu vc.
+ Xc nh din tch lu vc thot nc v cng trnh bng cch o din tch trnbnh .
+ Sau khi tnh c lu lng, theo kinh nghim:
1. Nu Q 15 m3/s : dng cng trn.
2. Nu 15 < Q < 25 m3/s : dng cng bn.
3. Nu Q 25 m3/s : dng cu khu ln hn 3m.
*Xc nh lu lng tnh ton
Theo quy trnh 4054-05 tn sut tnh l vi ng cp IV, l p=4%.
Do c im a hnh cc cng t ti v tr ct qua khe t thu u c ch chy
khng hon ton, ch khi no c ma mi hnh thnh dng chy. Lu lng dng chy ph
thuc vo nhiu yu t nh iu kin kh hu, a hnh a mo, a cht ca a
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phng v c xc nh theo cng thc trong Quy trnh tnh tan cc c trng
dng chy l 22TCN 220-95
Qp = Ap**Hp*F*
Trong :
Ap: mun dng chy nh l ng vi tn sut thit k.
Hp: Lng ma ngy (mm) ng vi tn sut thit k p%.
: h s dng chy l.
: h s trit gim lu lng do m, h, ao.
F: Din tch lu vc (km2)
Hp=H4%
BNG TNH LU LNG CNG
TT L trnh Ap Hp% F Q (m3/s)
1 Km0+500.00 0.142 525 0.82 0.25 0.136 2.10
2 Km1+100.00 0.114 525 0.82 0.25 0,116 1.42
3 Km1+350.00 0.12 525 0.82 0.25 0.126 1.63
4 Km1+511.41 0.114 525 0.82 0.25 0.140 1.72
5 Km1+800.00 0,104 525 0.82 0.25 0,21 1.34
6 Km2+150.00 0,113 525 0.82 0.25 0.12 1.46
7 Km2+700.00 0.153 525 0.82 0.25 0.17 2.80
8 Km3+320.00 0,123 525 0.82 0.25 0.10 1.32
*Xc nh khu v chiu di cng
Trong phn thit k s b ny, quy trnh cho php ta s dng bng tra nh hnh cng.
Cn c lu lng tnh ton ta tra c khu cng. Kt qu th hin trong bng tng
hp tnh ton cng.
Kt qutra bng ta lp thnh bng:
STT Tn cc Q (m3) Hnc V (m/s) ng
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dng(m) knhmm
1 CO1=5(KM0+450) 2.10 1.94 4.35 1000
2 CO2=KM1+00 1.42 1.13 2.74 1000
3 CO3=16(KM1+550) 1.63 1.29 3.12 10004 C04 =18(KM1+750) 1.72 1.47 3.51 1000
5 CO5=23(KM2+250) 1.34 1.08 2.55 1000
6 CO6=H6(KM2+600) 1.46 1.18 2.87 1000
7 CO7=H3(KM3+300) 2.80 2.61 5.21 1000
Khi xc nh chiu di cng, cn tnh n chiu rng ca nn ng, chiu cao nn p,
dc mi taluy, dc cng v kt cu cng.Ban u chiu di cng c xc nh s b theo cng thc, sau c chn sao
cho ph hp vi s lng on cng tiu chun cn thit (chiu di cng l bi s ca
1m).
S xc nh chiu di cng:
Tnh chiu di cng ta cn phi xt n dc dc ca cng (ic), dc dc ca l
ng. Nhng v y ton b cng u c dc nh nn c th b qua yu t dc
dc cng v ta t cng vung gc vi tim ng.
T ta c cng thc tnh chiu di cng l:
Lc= B + 2.x L = B + 1.5x (Hn- Hc) x 2 (m)
Trong :
B: b rng chung nn ng, B= 9m.
Hn: cao nn ng.
Hc: cao nh cng.
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10.5.5 Cu nh
Trn tuynkhng b tr cu . ch b tr cng cu tao gip thot nc ngang ng
ti nhng ni t thy
10.6 .THIT K CC CNG TRNH AN TON GIAO THNG
Cc cng trnh an ton trn ng (nh cc tiu, sn k ng, bin bo tng
bo v, hng ro chn ... ) gi vai tr ht sc quan trng trong vic m bo an ton giao
thng, n l mt b phn khng th thiu c trong cng trnh ng.
10.6.1 Cc tiu v lan can phng h
-Cc tiu hoc tng bo v t mp cc on ng nguy him c tc dng
hng dn cho ngi s dng ng bit phm vi nn ng an ton v hng i ca
tuyn ng.
-Cc tiu c b tr trong cc trng hp sau:
-Pha lng cc ng cong t tip u n tip cui
-ng vo hai u cu. Nu b rng ton cu hp hn b rng nn ng th
nhng cc tiu u cu phi lin kt thnh hng ro chc hoc xy tng bo v. Khong
cch gia hai cc tiu trong trng hp ny t 2 -3 m.
-Hai u cng c b di hp hn nn ng. Cc cc tiu phi lin kt thnh hng
ro chn hoc xy tng bo v, khong cch gia hai cc tiu trong trng hp ny t 2
- 3 m.
-Cc on nn ng b tht hp.
-Cc on nn ng p cao hn 2 m.
-Cc on ng men theo sng sui, m, h, ao.
-Cc on ng b giao nhau vi ng st.
-Cc ng ba ng t ng.
-Dc hai bn nhng on ng b ngp nc thng xuyn hoc ch ngp theo
ma v hai bn thn ng ngm.
-Dc hai bn ng qua bi ct, ng ly, i c m kh phn bit c mt
ng phn xe chy vi gii t hai bn ng.
-Khong cch gia cc cc tiu theo bn knh ng cong nm.
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Bn knh ng cong nmKhong cch gia cc
cc tiu(m)
Trn ng thng 10
>100 8-10
T > 30 n 100 4-6
T > 15 n 30 2-3
-Cc tiu c th c tit kim din ngang hnh trn, vung, tam gic nhng kch
thc khng nh hn 15cm. Chiu cao cc tiu l 0,60m tnh t vai ng tr ln chiu
su chn cht trong t khng di35cm.
-Mu sn theo quy nh ca iu l bo hiu ng b nhng nn c sn phn
quang, hoc t nht mt vch phn quang rng 4cm di 18 cm cch u nh cc
khong 30 n 35 cm, hng v pha xe chy.
-Cc nn p cao hn 4m, ng cu, cu cn, cu vt, v tr ca cc tr v cc
m cu vt ng, phn b hnh trong hm phi b tr lan can phng h.
10.6.2 Bin bo hiu
H thng bin bo hiu trn ng phi thc hin theo cc nguyn tc:
Cc bin bo hiu trn ng phi thc hin thng nht v hnh dng, kch thc,
biu tng, kch c con ch, mu sc.
D c, d nhn: trong mi iu kin v kh hu thi tit, thiu nh sng bin phi
d c. Cc loi vt liu, sn phi ng theo quy nh. Nn dng bin phn quang, i
vi ng khng c chiu sng phi dng bin phn quang. Bin phi t v tr d nhn,
khng b che khut.Gn gng, d hiu: dng cc biu tng quc t ho hn dng ch, cu ch
phi tht gn.
Kp thi: V tr cc bin bo kp thi cho ngi li xe hnh ng trc im cn x l.
10.6.2.1 Bin hiu lnh
Bin hiu lnh dng bo lnh cho ngi s dng ng phi tuyt i phi tun
theo.
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10.6.2.2 Bin bo nguy him
Bin bo nguy him c dng bo cho ngi s dng ng, ch yu l
nhng ngi li xe c gii , bit trc tnh cht ca s nguy him trn tuyn ng
ch ng phng nga. Ni chung khi gp bin bo nguy him, ngi li xe phi gim tc
n mc cn thit, ch quan st v chun b sn sng x tr nhng tnh hung c th
xy ra phng nga tai nn.
Bin bo nguy him c b tr trong tt c nhng trng hp nguy him v d
nh: nhiu ch ngot lin tip, nhng ch giao nhau, ni qua trng hc c tr em i qua,
ni c ng dy cp in pha trn, cu hp, cu tm, cu ct, k, vc su pha trc,
ln xung dc nguy him, ng trn, cng trng, l, ng c g, tru
10.6.2.3Bin ch dn
Cc bin ch dn nhm thng bo cho nhng ngi s dng ng bit nhng
nh hng cn thit hoc nhng iu c ch khc, ng thi c tc dng gip cho vi c
iu kin v hng dn giao thng trn ng c thun li, m bo an ton chuyn
ng. i nhng ngi li xe cha quen ng, bin ch dn l nhng phng tin
khng th thiu c.
Cc trng hp thng c b tr bin ch dn: hng i trn mi ln xe theo
vch ch ng, bt u v kt thc khu ng dn c, bng ch dn a gii, bnh vin,
bu in, trm xng du, bn xe, khch sn, ni ngh mt, trm cnh st giao thng, ch
....
Trn ton tuyn thng k c 6 bin bo hiu khi vo ng cong, v khng cn
b tr bin bo nguy him.
10.6.2.4 Sn k ng
Sn tim ng: V ng thit k l 2 ln ng, v l ng 2 chiu nn dng
vch phn ln 1.5 phn ln ng;
Sn mt ng: Dng vch 1.2 sn phn ln dnh cho xe th s (phn l gia
c).
*Cc loi vch sn dng trong tuyn :
- Vch ng tim trn lung xe i ngc chiu bng mu vng t khc. Dng
phn hai lung xe ngc chiu, vch ny c vtim ng.
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- Vch gii hn ngoi cc ln xe l ng lin mu trng, dng chia danh gii phnxe chy vi lng hoc ng th s, ng ngi i bhoc di phn cch gia.
10.7 BNG TNG HP KHI LNG
STT Hng mc cng vic n v Khi lng Ghi ch
I Nn ng
1 o nn m3 29412.67
2 p nn m3 19390.74
3 o rnh m3 12141.99
4 p K98 m3 12141.99
5 Xi m K98 m3 9952.7
6 o khun ng m3 17992.13
7 nh cp m3 0
8 o hu c m3 17828
9 L trng c m2 11994
10 L chim dng m2 56982
II Mt ng
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1 Din tch mt ng m2 29430
2 Din tch gia c m2 6540
3 Lp BTNC 19 m3 2060.1
5 Lp CPD loi I m3 7561.8
6 Lp CPD loi II m3 8829
7Nha lng dnh bm1.5kg/m2
kg 44145
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Chng11
TNG MC U T11.1. CC CN CLP TNG MC U T
- Cn cNghnh s12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/2/2009 ca Chnh Phv
qun l dn u t xy dng cng trnh;
-Cn cNghnh s112/2009/N-CP ngy 14/12/2009 ca Chnh Phv
qun l chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh;
- nh mc dton xy dng cng trnh phn xy dng cng bkm theo vnbn s
1776/BXD-VP ngy 16/8/2007 ca Bxy dng;
-nh mc dton xy dng cng trnh phn lp t cng bkm theo vnbn s
1777/BXD-VP ngy 16/8/2007 ca Bxy dng;
-nh mc chuyn ngnh kho st s1779/BXD-VP ngy 16/8/2007 ca B
Xy dng;
-nh mc vt t s1784/BXD-VP ngy 16/8/2007 ca BXy dng;
-Thng t s04/2010/TT-BXD ngy 26/5/2010 hng dn lp v qun l chi
ph dn u t xy dng cng trnh;
-Lng nhn cng tnh theo h thng thang lng, bng lng v ch ph
cp lng quy nh trong Ngh nh s 205/2004/N-CP ngy 14/2/2004 ca
Chnh ph;
-Phcp lu ng theo thng t s05/2005/TT/BLTBXH ngy 5/1/2005 ca B
lao ng thng binh x hi (phcp lu ng 0.2);
- Thng t s 57/2010/TT-BTC ngy 16/04/2010 ca B ti chnh vvic lp d
ton, sdng v quyt ton kinh ph tchc thc hin bi thng, htrv ti nh c khi
nh nc thu hi t.
-Mt svt liu khng c trong bo gi T vn tham kho bo gi nh sn
xut;
-Cc thng t, vn bn hin hnh khc ca nh nc v BGTVT.
-Cn cvo khi lng thit kdo Cng ty Cphn T vn v Xy lp
VINACC lp thng 06 nm 2013.
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Tng mc u t dn lp theo Thng t 04/2010/TT-BXD ngy 26/5/2010 ca B
Xy dng Hng dn lp l qun l chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh bng phng php
xc nh theo thit kc sca dn.
Dton cng trnh l c sxc nh gi gi thu, gi xy dng cng trnh, l
cn cm phn, k kt hp ng, thanh ton vi nh thu trong trng hp chnh
thu.
Dton cng trnh bao gm: chi ph xy dng (GXD), chi ph thit b(GTB), chi ph
qun l dn (GQLDA), chi ph t vn u t xy dng (GTV), chi ph khc (GK), v chi
ph dphng (GDP).
Dton cng trnh c xc nh theo cng thc:
GXDCT= GXD+ GTB+ GQLDA+ GTV + GK+ GDP (2.1)11.2PHNG PHP LP DTON XY DNG CNG TRNH:
11.2.1Xc nh chi ph xy dng (GXD):
Dton chi ph xy dng bao gm chi ph trc tip, chi ph chung, thu nhp chu
thutnh trc, thugi trgia tng, chi ph xy dng nh tm v iu hnh thi cng
ti hin trng. Dton chi ph xy dng c thxc nh theo tng ni dung chi ph hoc
tng hp cc ni dung chi ph.
1.Chi ph trc tip: l cc chi ph lin quan trc tip n vic to nn thc thsn
phm hoc c lin quan n vic to ra sn phm. Chi ph trc tip chim 1 ttrng ln
trong gi thnh sn phm. N bao gm chi ph vt liu, chi ph nhn cng, chi ph my thi
cng v trc tip khc.
a. Chi ph vt liu (kcvt liu do chu t cung cp):
Bao gm ton bgi trca vt liu chnh, vt liu ph, vt liu sdng lun chuyn v
cc cu kin bn thnh phm m sdng cho thi cng xy dng cng trnh. Chi ph vt liubao gm gi mua theo ho n (cha thu), chi ph vn chuyn, bc d, kim nhn nhp kho,
cc khon thukhng c hon li, cc khon ph, lph v cc chi ph khc c lin quan n
qu trnh thu mua vt liu. Chi ph vt liu khng bao gm phn gi trvt liu dng cho my
thi cng v dng chung cho doanh nghip
b. Chi ph nhn cng:
Bao gm ton btin lng chnh, tin lng ph, phcp lng v cc khon c
tnh cht tin lng c khon cho ton b lao ng trc tip tham gia xy dng cng
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trnh. Chi ph nhn cng khng bao gm tin lng ca thli my v tin lng ca b
phn qun l.
c. My thi cng:
Gi ca my c xc nh theo cng trnh, ph hp vi yu cu kthut, iu kin thi
cng (nh mn kh quyn, a hnh v iu kin tng t), bin php thi cng, thi gian
xy dng cng trnh v mt bng gi ca my trn thtrng. Tuy nhin hin nay a phn
khi lp d ton th cc n v lp d ton vn tnh theo hng dn ca thng t
06/2010/TT-BXD ngy 25/06/2010 ca BXy Dng hng dn phng php xc nh
gi ca my v thit bthi cng xy dng cng trnh.
Theo thng t 06/2010/TT-BXD hng dn th gi ca my v thit b thi cng xy
dng cng trnh bao gm ton bchi ph lin quan n vic khai thc, sdng my thicng nh: chi ph khu hao, chi ph nhin liu nng lng, chi ph sa cha, chi ph tin
lng thli my v mt schi ph khc phc vcho my thi cng.
d. Trc tip ph khc:
L chi ph cho nhng cng tc cn thit phc vtrc tip thi cng xy dng cng
trnh nh: Chi ph di chuyn lc lng lao ng trong ni bcng trng, chi ph an ton
lao ng, chi ph bo vmi trng cho ngi lao ng v mi trng xung quanh, chi ph
th nghim vt liu ca nh thu, chi ph bm nc vt bn khng thng xuyn v khng
xc nh c khi lng tthit k.
2.Chi ph chung
L cc chi ph khng lin quan trc tip n vic to nn thc thsn phm, nhng rt
cn thit v khng th thiu c. N gn lin vi qu trnh t chc v iu hnh sn
xut. Chi ph chung bao gm: chi ph qun l ca doanh nghip v iu hnh sn xut ti
cng trng, chi ph phc vcng nhn, chi ph phc vthi cng ti cng trng v mt
schi ph khc.
- Chi ph qun l v iu hnh sn xut bao gm: ton btin lng chnh, lng
ph, phcp lng ca bphn qun l, chi ph khu hao, sa cha cc ti sn cnh
dng cho bphn qun l, tin cng tc ph, bu ph, vn phng phm, nghip vph ...
- Chi ph phc vcng nhn bao gm: tin in, nc phc vcng nhn, tin n
ca, tin nc ung, chi ph bo hlao ng, chi ph khm cha bnh ti cng trng...
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- Chi ph phc vthi cng bao gm: tin in, nc phc vthi cng, chi ph khu
hao, sa cha cc cng clao ng khng phi my thi cng, cc chi ph lin quan n
vic dn dp mt bng cng trng.
- Chi ph khc l cc chi ph cn li nh: chiph khi cng, chi ph khnh thnh, chi
ph hi hp, hc tp...
3.Thu nhp chu thutnh trc:l khon li nhun ca doanh nghip xy dng
c dtnh trc trong dton xy dng cng trnh Doanh nghip c ththc hin
ngha vthui vi Nh Nc ng thi c tch ly mrng sn xut.
4.Thugi trgia tng: l khon thuphi np theo quy nh Nh Nc v c
tnh trn tng gi trcc khon mc chi ph trc tip, chi ph chung v thu nhp chu thu
tnh trc.
5.Chi ph nhtm ti hin trng v iu hnh th i cng: l chi ph xy
dng nh tm ti hin trng hoc thu nh hoc chi ph i li phc vcho vic v iu
hnh thi cng ca nh thu trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng cng trnh.
11.2.2Xc nh chi ph qun l dn (GQLDA):
Chi ph qun l dn l cc khon chi ph cn thit chu t tchc thc hin
qun l dn tgiai on thc hin dn n khi hon thnh nghim thu v a cng
trnh vo khai thc sdng. Chi ph qun l dn bao gm:
- Chi ph tchc lp bo co u t, chi ph tchc lp dn u t hoc bo co
kinh t- kthut.
- Chi ph tchc thi tuyn, tuyn chn thit kkin trc hoc la chn phng n
thit kkin trc.
- Chi ph tchc thc hin cng tc bi thng, h trv ti nh c thuc trch
nhim ca chu t.- Chi ph tchc thm nh dn u t hoc bo co kinh tkthut.
- Chi ph tchc lp, thm nh hoc thm tra, ph duyt thit kkthut, thit k
bn vthi cng, dton cng trnh.
- Chi ph tchc la chn nh thu trong hot ng xy dng.
- Chi ph tchc qun l cht lng, khi lng, tin , chi ph xy dng.
- Chi ph tchc m bo an ton, vsinh mi trng ca cng trnh.
- Chi ph tchc lp nh mc, n gi xy dng cng trnh.
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- Chi ph tchc kim tra cht lng vt liu, kim nh cht lng cng trnh theo
yu cu ca chu t.
- Chi ph tchc nghim thu, thanh ton, quyt ton hp ng; thanh ton, quyt
ton vn u t xy dng cng trnh.
- Chi ph tchc gim st, nh gi dn u t xy dng cng trnh.
- Chi ph tchc nghim thu, bn giao cng trnh.
- Chi ph khi cng, khnh thnh, tuyn truyn qung co.
- Chi ph tchc thc hin cc cng vic qun l khc.
Chi ph qun l dn c xc nh bng nh mc chi ph tlhoc lp dton.
Chi ph qun l dn c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
GQLDA= T x (GXDtt + GTBtt) (2.18)Trong :
- T: nh mc tl(%) i vi chi ph qun l dn.
- GXDtt: chi ph xy dng trc thu.
- GTBtt: chi ph thit btrc thu.
11.2.3Xc nh chi ph t vn u t xy dng (GTV):
Chi ph t vn u t xy dng bao gm:
- Chi ph lp nhim vkho st xy dng.
- Chi ph kho st xy dng.
- Chi ph lp bo co u t, lp dn hoc lp bo co kinh t- kthut.
- Chi ph thm tra tnh hiu quv tnh khthi ca dn.
- Chi ph thi tuyn, tuyn chn thit kkin trc.
- Chi ph thit kxy dng cng trnh.
- Chi ph thm tra thit kkthut, thit kbn vthi cng, chi ph thm tra tng
mc u t, dton cng trnh.
- Chi ph lp hs yu cu, hs mi s tuyn, hsmi thu v chi ph phn tch
nh gi hs xut, hs ds tuyn, hs dthu la chn nh thu trong hot
ng xy dng.
- Chi ph gim st kho st xy dng, gim st thi cng xy dng, gim st lp t
thit b.
- Chi ph lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.
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- Chi ph lp nh mc xy dng, n gi xy dng cng trnh.
- Chi ph kim sot chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh.
- Chi ph qun l chi ph u t xy dng: tng mc u t, dton cng trnh, nh
mc xy dng, n gi xy dng cng trnh, hp ng trong hot ng xy dng.
- Chi ph t vn qun l dn (trng hp thu t vn).
- Chi ph th nghim chuyn ngnh.
- Chi ph kim tra cht lng vt liu, kim nh cht lng cng trnh theo yu cu
ca chu t.
- Chi ph kim tra chng nhn iu kin bo m an ton chu lc v chng nhn
sph hp vcht lng cng trnh.
- Chi ph gim st, nh gi dn u t xy dng cng trnh (trng hp thu t
vn).
- Chi ph quy i chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh vthi im bn giao, a vo
khai thc sdng.
- Chi ph thc hin cc cng vic t vn khc.
Chi ph t vn u t xy dngc xc nh trn c stham kho nh mc chi ph
tldo Nh Nc cng bhoc xc nh bng dton. Trng hp cc cng trnh ca d
n phi thu t vn nc ngoi thc hin mt scng vic th chi ph t vn c lp dton theo quy nh hin hnh ph hp vi yu cu sdng t vn cho cng trnh hoc gi tr
hp ng t vn k kt ghi vo dton.
Chi ph t vn c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
( )
Trong :
- Ci: chi ph t vn u t xy dng thi tnh theo nh mc tl(i=1n).
- Dj: chi ph t vn u t xy dng thj tnh bng lp dton (j=1m).
- TiGTGT-TV: mc thusut thugi trgia tng theo quy nh hin hnh i vi khon
mc chi ph t vn u t xy dng thi tnh theo nh mc tl.
- TjGTGT-TV: mc thu sut thu gi tr gia tng theo quy nh hin hnh i vi
khon mc chi ph t vn u t xy dng thj tnh bng lp dton.11.2.4Xc nh chi ph khc (Gk):
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Chi ph khc bao gm cc chi ph cha quy nh trong cc loi chi ph: chi ph xy
dng, chi ph thit b, chi ph qun l dn v chi ph t vn u t xy dng nhng cn
thit thc hin dn u t xy dng cng trnh, bao gm:
- Chi ph r ph bom mn, vt n.
- Chi ph bo him cng trnh.
- Chi ph di chuyn thit bthi cng v lc lng lao ng n cng trng.
- Chi ph ng kim cht lng quc t, quan trc bin dng cng trnh.
- Chi ph m bo an ton giao thng phc vthi cng cc cng trnh.
- Chi ph hon trhtng kthut bnh hng khi thi cng cng trnh.
- Chi ph kim ton, thm tra, ph duyt quyt ton vn u t.
-
Chi ph nghin cu khoa hc cng nghlin quan n dn; vn lu ng ban ui vi cc dn u t xy dng nhm mc ch kinh doanh, li vay trong thi gian xy
dng; chi ph cho qu trnh chy thkhng ti v c ti theo quy trnh cng nghtrc khi
bn giao trgi trsn phm thu hi c.
- Cc khon ph v lph theo quy nh.
- Mt skhon mc chi ph khc.
Chi ph khc c xc nh bng cch lp dton hoc bng nh mc chi ph t
ltheo hng dn ca BXy dng v cc B, Ngnh c lin quan.
i vi mt scng trnh xy dng chuyn ngnh c cc yu tchi ph c th, cng
trnh sdng vn ODA, nu cn cc chi ph khc c lin quan th c bsung cc chi ph
ny. Chu t quyt nh v chu trch nhim vquyt nh ca mnh.
Mt s chi ph khc nu cha tnh c ngay th c d tnh a vo d ton
cng trnh.
Chi ph khc c tnh theo cng thc sau:
( )
Trong :
- Ci: chi ph khc thi tnh theo nh mc tl(i=1n).
- Dj: chi ph khc thj tnh bng lp dton (j=1m).
- Ek: chi ph khc thk c lin quan khc (k=1l).
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- TiGTGT-K: mc thusut thugi trgia tng theo quy nh hin hnh i vi khon
mc chi ph khc thi tnh theo nh mc tl.
- TjGTGT-K: mc thusut thugi trgia tng theo quy nh hin hnh i vi khon
mc chi ph khc thj tnh bng lp dton.
11.2.5
Xc nh chi ph dphng (GDP):
Chi ph dphng (GDP)c xc nh bng tng ca chi ph dphng cho yu t
khi lng cng vic pht sinh (GDP1) v chi ph dphng do yu ttrt gi (GDP2) theo
cng thc:
GDP= GDP1+ GDP2 (2.21)
Trong :
- GDP1: Chi ph dphng cho yu tkhi lng cng vic pht sinh c tnh bng
tl(%) trn tng chi ph xy dng, chi ph thit b, chi ph qun l dn, chi ph t vn
u t xy dng v chi ph khc.
GDP1= (GXD+GTB+GQLDA+GTV+GK) x Kps (2.22)
Kpsl hsdphng cho khi lng cng vic pht sinh l 5%.
- GDP2: Chi ph dphng cho yu ttrt gi c tnh theo thi gian xy dng
cng trnh (tnh bng thng, qu, nm) v chsgi xy dng ph hp vi loi cng
trnh, theo tng khu vc xy dng. Chi ph dphng do yu ttrt gi (GDP2) c xc
nh theo cng thc sau:
( ) {[ ( )] }
Trong :
- T: thi gian xy dng cng trnh.
- t: sthtnm, thng, qu phn bvn thc hin dn (t=1T)
- Vt: mc dton cng trnh trc chi ph dphng.
- Lvayt: chi ph li vay ca vn u t dkin thc hin trong nm tht.
- IXDCTbq: mc trt gi bnh qun tnh trn c sbnh qun ca chsgi xy
dng cng trnh theo ca ti thiu 3 nm gn nht so vi thi im tnh ton (khng tnh
n nhng thi im c bin ng bt thng vgi nguyn vt liu, nhin liu v vt
liu xy dng).
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- IXDCT: mc dbo bin ng ca cc yu tchi ph, gi ctrong khu vc v quc
tso vi mc trt gi bnh qun nm tnh.
Sau khi tnh c cc khon mc chi ph trong dton cng trnh ta stng hp
c bng dton cng trnh nh sau:
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ng 2.1: Bng tng hp dton xy dng cng trnh
STT Ni dung chi phGi tr
trc thuThuGTGT
Gi trsau
thu
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]1. Chi ph xy dng GXD
2. Chi ph thit b GTB
3. Chi ph qun l dn GQLDA
4. Chi ph t vn u t xy dng GTV
4.1.Chi ph thi tuyn, tuyn chn
thit kkin trc
4.2.Chi ph thit kxy dng cng
trnh
.......
5. Chi ph khc GK
5.1.Chi ph r ph bom mn, vt
liu n
5.2. Chi ph bo him cng trnh
.........
6. Chi ph dphng (GDP1+GDP2) GDP
6.1. Chi ph dphng cho yu tkhi lng pht sinh
GDP1
6.2.Chi ph dphng cho yu t
trt giGDP2
TNG CNG (1+2+3+4+5+6) GXDCT
11.2.2. Tng mc u t11.2.3. Ngun vn u t:Ngn sch tnh c Lc
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Chng12
NH GI HIU QUU T
Dn to ra sn phm cng cng nn mang tnh hiu qux hi cao v khtnh
c cthvmt kinh t.nh gi vmt hiu qukinh tthc cht l phn tch xem xt mt cch hthng
hiu qugia chi ph v li ch i vi cng ng ni chung vcc kha cnh kinh t,
chnh tr, x hi, cc li ch ca dn trn quan im ca nn kinh tv spht trin chung
ca ton x hi.
Nhng yu tchnh ca li ch kinh ti vi dn xy dng c shtng giao
thng l vic gim chi ph hot ng ca xe cv tit kim thi gian hnh trnh c tht
c vi vic xy dng mi hay ci to nng cp mt tuyn ng. Thi gian tit
kim skhng phi chdnh cho nhng ngi sdng con ng mi c xy dng,
ci to m cn cho cnhng ngi sdng trn mng li giao thng ni chung do vic
tng lu lng vn hnh xe, tng mc lu thng hng ho, gim mc kt xe.
* Phn tch nhng li ch i vi cng ng m khng thnh lng:
Trn gc qun l Nh nc, khi nh gi hiu qukinh tdn chyu da
trn sphn tch kinh t- x hi, trn quan im m bo phc li cng ng nhiu
nht, ng thi c ch thch ng ti li ch ca Nh u t, kt hp li ch trc mt v
lu di ca nh nc.
Cc li ch mang li cho c x hi bao gm: li ch do gim gi thnh vn
ti, do m rng vng hp dn ca ng, do tit kim thi gian vn chuyn hng
ho v hnh khch, gim thi gian ch i ca ngi v phng tin, gim s
lng v mc tai nn giao thng, gim s mt nhc ca hnh khch, tit kim
cc chi ph vn hnh, sa cha nh k v thng xuyn, thc y vic pht
trin, khai thc tim nng ca a phng y mnh th trng kinh t, nhp
tng trng kinh t, gim mc nhim mi trng do cht lng khai thcca ng c nng cao, pht trin vn ho, gio dc, y t, an ninh quc
phng...
*Xt nhm li ch mang tnh x hi:
Thc y cng vic pht trin, khai thc cc tim nng ca cc a phng,
y mnh thtrng, kinh ttrong vng, nhp tng trng kinh t. Hiu qu
kinh t cho cc ngnh, cc x nghip ngoi ngnh giao thng vn ti do gim
lng dtrtrong cc kho, trnh nhng tn tht gy do chm trcung cp nguyn vt
liu, my mc thit b. Hiu qu mang li cho cc ngnh khng trc tip sn xut nh
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thng nghip, dch vvn ho, i sng.
*Vnh hng i vi cng ng:
Vic thc hin dn khng chlin quan n nhng ngi trc tip sdng ng
(nhng ngi lm cng tc vn ti, nhng ngi i li trn ng) m cng lin quan
n cc nh sn xut, cc n v kinh doanh, dch v, nhng ngi tiu th, nhngngi sng trong vng hp dn ca ng nh cc nh nng, ngi chn nui, ngi
lm nghkhai thc, khai thc m, bun bn, chbin. Kt qul gp phn lm tng thu
nhp quc dn.
*Nhng nh hng khc:
-Xt hiu quc li: sau khi thc hin dn, gi t dc hai bn ng tng nhiu,
gi trsdng cao hn do thun tin cho vic giao lu, xy dng cc x nghip sn xut,
dch v, v.v...
-Hiu quvthay i c cu x hi: Shnh thnh cc khu dn c, th
mi...
-Hiu quvchnh tr, qun l hnh chnh: Dn c tc dng phc vquan trng
cho cng vic qun l hnh chnh, truyn t cc chtrng, chnh sch, cc chthca
Nh nc v to iu kin cho lu thng, trao i.
-Ngoi ra sau khi dn hon thnh sgp phn ni lin cc hthng mng li
giao thng ng bgia cc huyn, vng, khu th, dn c trong khu vc.
-Gp phn hon chnh, ng b, cc cng trnh kin trc v k thut ph hp vi
tnh hnh pht trin kinh t, x hi hin nay cng nh sau ny.
-ng thi vic dn c thc hin u t gp phn quan trng phc v dn
sinh, pht trin kinh t, m bo an ninh quc phng cho Huyn KRNG NNG
*Dn c thxem l t hiu qukinh txt trn nhiu phng din nh:
+ Mrng giao lu khu vc, vng.
+ Tit kim chi ph vn hnh.+ Gim chi ph vn chuyn.
+ Li ch chi ph cho hnh khch.
+ Li ch i vi cc ngnh kinh tquc dn khi sdng mng li ng hon chnh.
+ Li ch do gim chi ph do cc tai nn giao thng.
+ nh hng i vi pht trin kinh ta phng hoc kinh tvng. + nh hng c
li i vi cng ng v mi trng.
+ Nhng nh hng khc nh: Tng hiu qusdng t ai; Hiu quvthay ic cu x hi; Hiu quvchnh tr, qun l hnh chnh v.v
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Cn cvo quyt nh s02/2013/Q-UBND ngy 11/1/2013 ca UBND tnh k
Lk vvic ban hnh quy nh vgi cc loi t, trn a bn cc huyn, thx v thnh
phca tnh nm 2013.
Tuyn ng nm trong a vng ca min ty cao nguyn. viu kin kinh t
cn gp nhiu kh khn, a hnh i ni khng bng phng v vy cng tc gii phngmt bng cng gp nhiu kh khn. Di scho ca UBND tnh k Lk v Huyn
Crng Nng tin hnh ku gi qun chng nhn dn cng tham gia tch cc cng vic
gii tomt bng m on tuyn H- C i qua.
i vi nhng on m tuyn i qua ng nh dn hay l ln cn nh hng n
vic thi cng th:
Vi gi thu xy dng tuyn ng cp III i qua a bn ca huyn Crng Nng
tnh k Lk l mt tuyn xy dng hon ton mi v a phn u i qua phn t ca
dn, i vo thi cng th cng on GPMB bn giao gi thu cho bn thi cng l rt
quan trng. Vvic ny c n vtrc tip thc hin vic GPMB v c giy t
trnh nghthm nh ph duyt phng n bi thng, htrti chnh ti nh c v
chi ph thc hin cng tc cng tc bi thng , htrti nh c khi nh nc thu hi
t xy dng cng trng gi UBND huyn Crng Nng v cc c quan chc nng c
thm quyn.
Xc nh i tng c n b , htrng vi quy nh ca nh ncv cng tc
thm tra xc minh ngun gc t thuc din bthu hi. Nghnh chc nng a phngtuyn truyn gii thch cho ngi dn hiu vvai tr kinh tx hi ca dn v nhng
quy nh php lut trong cng tc bi thng, htrti nh c khi Nh nc thu hi t.
Mt khc khu vc m tuyn ng K-L i qua chyu l i ni, rng cao su, ca
cao c ph nn chi ph n b v thu hi t din ra khng my phc tp, phn c bn l
phng php gii tomt bng.
13.2. KHI LNG CNG TC GII PHNG MT BNG
- Phm vi gii phng mt bng trc tin phi nm trong phm vi vai ng thitkca hs thit k c cp c thm quyn ph duyt. Trong trng hp ngoi phm
vi vai ng thit knh ta luy nn p, nn o th phm vi tchn ta luy nn p hay
nh taluy nn o c tnh l phm vi chim dng tm thi c tnh trong phm vi xy
dng (chn taluy nn p, nh ta luy nn o hoc mp ngoi cng trnh).
- Cc loi khi lng GPMB c tnh ton, thng k v chia ra l cc hng mc
chnh sau:
+ Nh ca bao gm: Nh tranh, nh tn, nh ngi, nh mi bng, nh cao tng..
+ Rung t gm : t thcanh thc , t ao h
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+ Cy ci hoa mu gm cy n quv cy ly g
+ Cc cng trnh khc nh cng trnh in, thng tin, knh mng
- y l mt tuyn xy dng hon ton mi i qua vng i ni l ch yu v i
qua t sn xut lu nm ca ngi dn a , c mt s t i vo phn t ca dn , i
vo thi cng th cng on GPMB bn giao gi thu cho bn thi cng l rt quan trng.V vic ny c n v trc tip thc hin vic GPMB v c giy t trnh ngh
thm nh ph duyt phng n bi thng, h tr ti chnh ti nh c v chi ph thc
hin cng tc cng tc bi thng , h tr ti nh ckhi nh nc thu hi t xy
dng cng trnh gi UBND Huyn KRNG NNGv cc c quan chc nng c thm
quyn.
- Xc nh i tng c n b , h tr ng vi quy nh ca nh ncv
cng tc thm tra xc minh ngun gc t thuc din b thu hi. Nghnh chc nng a
phng tuyn truyn gii thch cho ngi dn hiu v vai tr kinh t x hi ca d n
v nhng quy nh php lut trong cng tc bi thng, h tr ti nh c khi Nh nc
thu hi t
- 13.3 KHOCH GII PHNG MT BNG
- - UBND Huyn ra thng bo thu hi t ( c UBND Tnh uquyn) trn phng
tin thng tin i chng, nim yt v cng b ti tr sUBND cp x (Nim yt
trong sut thi gian GPMB)
-
+ L do thu hi t- + Din tch v vtr khu t thu hi
- - Gi vn bn km theo hs n UBND Huyn (ng gi BC GPMB Thnh
phtheo di) nghthnh lp H BT-HTr & TC.
- - Ban BTGPMB Huyn thm tra hs, lp t trnh thnh lp hi ng v tcng tc
trnh UBND huyn k quyt nh thnh lp
- - UBND Huyn thm tra v k quyt nh ph duyt khoch tin chi tit GPMB
ca dn.
- - H BT-HTr & TC cho Ch tch UBND x chtr tchc hp cng khaivi ngi bthu hi t, tcng tc pht tk khai theo mu quy inh chung,
gii p thc mc v hng dn k khai.
- -Ngi bthu hi nh, t c trch nhim k khai v np li tkhai cho tcng tc.
- - Tcng tc phi hp vi UBND x tchc iu tra hin trng, xc minh s
liu vt, ti sn, NHK lm cn clpphng n BT-HTr i vi tng tchc, h
gia nh.
- - H BT-HTr & TC c vn bn gi cc c quan, n vlin quan xc nh bng
vn bn cho H BT-HTr & T vngun gc, thi gian sdng t (UBND cp x),
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nhn hkhu c tr ti ni thu hi t (Cng an cp x).
- - Ban BTGPMB hng dn chu t lp d tho phng n BT-HTr & TC chi
tit cho tng trng hp bthu hi t.
- - Tcng tc phi hp vi UBND x tchc nim yt cng khai v ly kin v
d tho phng n BT-HTr & TC trc khi trnh Hi ng BT-HTr & TC cpHuyn ph duyt.
- - Tng hp cc kin ng gp v hon chnh cc phng n chi tit, trnh Hi ng
thm nh.
- - Ban Bi thng phi hp vi chu t hon thin PA BT-HTr & TC theo yu
cu ca hi ng.
- - UBND Huyn quyt nh thu hi t (tm tnh, chquyt nh ca UBND thnh ph
vgiao t, cho thu t.
- - UBND Huyn xem xt quyt nh ph duyt phng n BT-HTr & TC chi tit c hi ng thm nh ngay sau khi c quyt nh thu hi t, giao t hoc cho
thu t
- - H BT-HTr & TC cho tcng tc phi hp vi UBND cp x v ngi c
Nh nc giao t, cho thu t tchc nim yt cng khai ton bcc phng n
BT-HTr & TC (phi lp bin bn tchc cng khai, lu Hs GPMB); thngbo
thi gian nhn tin BT-HTr.
- -Ngi c Nh nc giao t cho thu t phi hp vi UBND cp x v T
cng tc chi trtin BT-HTr.
- - Bn giao t thu hi.
- - Cng chthi hnh hnh quyt nh thu hi t, gii phngmt bng.
Chng14NH GI TC NG CA MI TRNG
14.1LI NI U
Mi trng, mt khi nim khng cn mi m i vi chng ta. Cng vi s phttrin ca khoa hc, con ngi ngy cng tc ng su, rng, vo th gii khch quan
nhm tho mn hn na nhu cu ngy cng cao ca mnh. S tc ng khng ch to
ra nhng kt qu tt p trc tip nh mong mun ca con ngi, m cn to ra nhng
kt qu ngoi mun gy hi trc tip hoc gin tip, lu di hoc tc thi n mi
trng sinh thi. Hin tng tri t nng dn ln (hiu ng nh knh), hin tng Anino
v hin tng Anina gy ra bo lt, hn hn khp ni trn th gii l nhng hu qu nhn