child labor
TRANSCRIPT
The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution started in the late 19th century Power-driven machines (water wheels, steam engines, etc.)
replaced hand labour in most businesses and production lines
Because of poverty, poor living conditions, low status of women, unemployment, etc. many families sought after work
Many people, mostly children, worked long hours (12-18 hours a day, six days a week=$1.00) in dangerous work environments for very little pay
Since most of the children came from poor families the parents couldn’t support them, which resulted in them turning over their child/children to the mill or factory owner
Many of the factories were damp, dark, and dirty, causing sickness, death, and disablement to form among the children
The Industrial Revolution (Contd) Since the children worked so much they
didn’t have time for schooling or play By 1810, about 2,000, 000 school-age
children were working as child labourers There was one glass factory in
Massachusetts that was fenced with barbed wire "to keep the young imps inside." The "young imps" were boys under 12 who carried loads of hot glass all night for a wage of 40 cents to $1.10 per night
The Resolution Labour groups, churches, teachers, and many other
people were outraged by such cruelty. They began to press for reforms
The English writer Charles Dickens helped publicize the evils of child labour with his novel Oliver Twist
Britain was one of the first to pass laws regulating child labour, and from 1802 to 1878, a series of laws gradually shortened the working hours, improved the conditions, and raised the age at which children could work
In the U.S.A. it took many years to outlaw child labour. Connecticut passed a law in 1813 saying that working children must have some schooling. By 1899 a total of 28 states had passed laws regulating child labour
Child Labour Today Today, more than 246 million children worldwide are engaged in some kind of
labour About 180 million of them are in hazardous conditions Children carry out ¼ of the world’s economic activity There are as many as 8.4 million children who are involved in the worst
forms of child labour These children are employed as child soldiers, rug weavers, beedie makers,
domestic workers, agricultural workers, etc. Some of these children are also prostituted, and/or subjected to the sex
trade Many appalling realities like poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, low wages,
ignorance, social prejudices, regressive traditions, poor standard of living, backwardness, superstition, and low status of women have combined to give birth to the terrible practice of child labour
Poor children and their family members depend so much on little ones to provide the basic necessities of life in the impoverished areas that it becomes impossible for them to adhere to any laws and regulations regarding child labour. We must also remember, that about one fifth of the world’s six billion humans live in absolute poverty
What’s Being Done About It In Alabama, The Alabama Child Labour Law was enacted to
protect working minors. The law prohibits youths from working in occupations or places of employment, which could be harmful to their health or moral well being. By regulating the hours during which youths are allowed to work, the law ensures minors sufficient time to take advantage of their educational opportunities
Under the new system, work permits are no longer required for each minor employed. In its place, employers are required to obtain a Child Labour Certificate in order to employ minors
A Class I Certificate is required if employing 14 or 15 year olds and a Class II Certificate is required if employing 16 or 17 year olds
Each location of a business employing minors must obtain the proper certificate(s) in order to employ minors
The costs of the Child Labour Certificates are $15 each and shall be renewed annually
The Alabama Child Labour Law
Gov. Bob Riley signs new child labour reforms into law at the State Capitol following the 2009 Regular Session. From left are Jeff and Debby Miller, Wayne Reeves, former president of the Alabama Retail Assn., Sen. Quinton Ross (sponsor), Gov. Riley, Jim Bennett, Labour Commissioner, Robin Solitro, chief of the Child Labour Division, Brian Gates and Adam Strickland, child labour inspectors
Child Labour Laws
Kenya prohibits children under 16 from going to work in industries but excludes agriculture
Bangladesh also specifies a minimum age to go to work, but excludes agriculture and domestic work
Stop Child Labour Projects related with human resource
development, dedicated to the child welfare issues must be given top priority by the central and state governments to stop child labour
Child labour laws need to be strictly implemented at the central and state levels
Corruption and carelessness in child labour offices and employee circles should be dealt with very strictly by the judiciary and the police force
Similarities and Differences During both the Industrial Revolution and modern
times child labour was and still is present Laws were and are still being made to end child
labour Most children were and are still forced to work
because their families are so poor During the Industrial Revolution most of the
children worked in textile factories or coal mines Nowadays most child labour occurs in third world
countries and the children work as rug weavers, domestic workers, agricultural workers, etc.
Summary
Child labour has existed throughout history, and it needs to come to an end somehow
The magnitude of child labour is quite high in the poverty filled areas of the world
Many countries have made laws against child labour, and have made programs and other organizations to help diminish it
Resources:
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http://blsciblogs.baruch.cuny.edu/his1005fall2010/files/2010/10/childlabor.gif
http://www.wftucentral.org/n/wp-content/child-labor-is-exploitation.bmp
http://www.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wftucentral.org/n/wp-content/child-labor-is-exploitation.bmp&imgrefurl=http://www.wftucentral.org/%3Fp%3D508%26language%3Den&usg=__MojVsjmATYHfiSf9-cV7NS9VY6M=&h=325&w=340&sz=324&hl=en&start=78&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=-UvJT7VLxtBCnM:&tbnh=114&tbnw=119&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dchild%2Blabor%26start%3D60%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1
http://industrialchildlabor.wikispaces.com/file/view/child_labor.jpg/33783659/child_labor.jpg
http://www.childlabor.in/child-labour-laws.htm
http://www2.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=5428