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() 209(Abstract)

Chenchi() during Reform Movement

Kim, Kyeong Hye

Chenchi() was born just before the Second Opium War and

was deceased when the Eight Allied Powers infringed upon Chinese.

He was the center of the world for several thousand years, living

through disgraceful period when Chinese Scholars, with a strong

pride to be the only country with cultural development, had to

surrender to Westerners. Furthermore, after the Sino-Japanese War,

China faced a national crisis triggering Chenchi to become an active

scholar. He established Parliament in order to resolve a serious

Chinese political issue; lack of and failure of communication

between the Emperor and his people. He managed to institute

fundamentally different Parliament from Westerners, implementing

firm restrictions of property and social standing for people with

rights to vote and eligibility to run an election. It was different

from Western Parliaments since Westerners could not administer

legislative power in its Parliament.

Moreover, he thought of trades as economically most important

factor. He believed trade relation was a bigger critical threat than

war, cession of territories and indemnities. Therefore, he asserted

aggressive development in Chinese commerce in order to counteract

to possible Westerners economical pillage. As foreign exchange

expands, remarkably unfavorable balances of trades exceeded and

87 (2013.12)210therefore would eventually lead to enlargement of gap between

China and Western nations with powerful commerce.

In terms of education, he suggested lecture halls, traditional

Chinese education facilities, to be remodeled to modern school

system and emphasize the study abroad options as well as womens

education. He believed educational reformation is the key to clear

the Chinas disgrace as impoverished, ignorant and underprivileged

nation. Such ideology of Chenchi in political, economical and

educational fields represented that China was under national crisis.

However, although Chenchi illustrated radical reformation, he could

not surpass the limitation as scholar with Confucian influences.

: , , , ,

: , , , ,

Keywords: Chenchi, Reform Movement, parliament, trade, educational

reformation

(: 2013 10 31, : 2013 12 16,

: 12 23, : 12 26)