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Product LifecycleProduct LifecycleManagementManagement

CHINMAYANANDA MISHRACHINMAYANANDA MISHRAMFG SC.& ENGG.MFG SC.& ENGG.77 thth SEMESTERSEMESTER04/24704/247

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Product Lifecycle ManagementProduct Lifecycle Management

Product Lifecycle Management is a holisticProduct Lifecycle Management is a holistic

approach to product design, manufacture,approach to product design, manufacture,maintenance, and disposal.maintenance, and disposal.

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A strategic business approach thatA strategic business approach thatapplies a consistent set of businessapplies a consistent set of business

solutions that support thesolutions that support thecollaborative creation, management,collaborative creation, management,dissemination, and use of productdissemination, and use of productdefinition informationdefinition information

D efining PLMD efining PLM

Spanning from concept to end of Spanning from concept to end of life of a product or plantlife of a product or plant

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Wh at PLM is and w h at PLM isWh at PLM is and w h at PLM is

notnotW hat PLM isW hat PLM isA vision or a strategy A vision or a strategy A different way to think and to doA different way to think and to dobusinessbusiness

W hat PLM is notW hat PLM is notA series of computer productsA series of computer products(islands of automation)(islands of automation)A plug A plug--andand--play serviceplay service

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C onceiveC onceiveS pecificationS pecificationC oncept designC oncept design

DesignDesignDetailed designDetailed design

Validation and analysis (simulation)Validation and analysis (simulation)Tool designTool designRealizeRealize

Plan manufacturing Plan manufacturing ManufactureManufactureBuild/ A ssembleBuild/ A ssembleTest (quality check)Test (quality check)

ServiceServiceS ell and DeliverS ell and DeliverUseUseMaintain and S upportMaintain and S upportDisposeDispose

For simplicity the stages described are shown in a traditional sequentialengineering workflow. The exact order of event and tasks will vary according to theproduct and industry in question but the main processes are

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P hases of product lifecycle and corresponding technologies

Phase 1: Conceive

I magine,Specify,Plan,I nnovate

Phase 2: Design

D escribe,D efine,D evelop,Test,Analyze and Validate

Phase 3: RealizeManufacture,Make

B uildProcureProduceSell and D eliver

Phase 4: Service

Use, OperateMaintain

SupportSustainP h ase-outRetireRecycle and D isposal

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Product development processes and methodologies

Concurrent engineering workflow

This is a workflow that instead of working sequentially through the stages a number of tasksis carried out in parallel.

This does not necessarily reduce the amount of manpower required for a project it doesdrastically reduce lead times and thus time to market.

Bottom-up designBottom-up design is where the definition of 3D models of a product starts with the

construction of individual components. These are then virtually brought together in sub-assemblies of more than one level until the full product is digitally defined

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Top-down design

Top-down design follows closer the true design process.This starts with a layout model, often a simple 2D sketch defining basic sizes and some

major defining parameters.I ndustrial Design, brings creative ideas to product development. Geometry from this is

associatively copied down to the next level

Front loading design and workflowF ront loading is taking top-down design to the next stage. The complete control

structure and review structure, as well as downstream data such as drawings, tooling development and CA M models, are constructed before the product has been defined

The main principle is that a lot of the experimental/investigative work has already been completed

I t can be seen as an analogy to creating a concept car to test new technology forfuture products, but in this case the work is directly used for the next productgeneration.

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H O W A PRO D UC T IS MANAGE D

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PLM and value c h ainPLM and value c h ainI ndustry trendsI ndustry trends

A networked economy A networked economy A customer centered business modelA customer centered business model

Position your business in the valuePosition your business in the valuechainchain

I ncreasing competition and anI ncreasing competition and anincreasing focus on innovation as anincreasing focus on innovation as anelement of strategy element of strategy The trend towards globalization of The trend towards globalization of supply and productionsupply and production

Benefits already wrung out of Benefits already wrung out of manufacturin and the su ly chainmanufacturin and the su ly chain

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T h e need of PLMT h e need of PLM

I ncreasing product variety I ncreasing product variety MassMass--customizationcustomization

MakeMake--toto--order rather than makeorder rather than make--toto--stock stock

Shortening time to marketShortening time to marketI nternet driven economy and innovationI nternet driven economy and innovationGlobal competitionGlobal competition

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A New B usiness RealityA New B usiness RealityDesignDesign

Variety in product featuresVariety in product features

Planning Planning Better forecast accuracy Better forecast accuracy

Manufacturing Manufacturing I mproved product quality I mproved product quality

ServiceServicePostPost--sale service and maintenancesale service and maintenance

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Wh y PLM ?Wh y PLM ?I mprove and streamline managementI mprove and streamline managementof product information throughout itsof product information throughout itslifecycle for the benefit of itslifecycle for the benefit of its

continuous improvement throughcontinuous improvement throughknowledge capture and reuse.knowledge capture and reuse.

Enable collaboration between allEnable collaboration between all

stakeholders in product realizationstakeholders in product realizationchain for the benefit of the supplierschain for the benefit of the suppliersas well as customer.as well as customer.

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K ey benefit 1K ey benefit 1

Reducing the total costReducing the total costTotal cost vs. cost of goods sold ( CO GS )Total cost vs. cost of goods sold ( CO GS )

CO GS: Determined by inventory and saleCO GS: Determined by inventory and saleTotal cost (T CO ): C osts in addition to CO GS ,Total cost (T CO ): C osts in addition to CO GS ,including training, maintenance, etc..including training, maintenance, etc..

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Q uicker response toward the marketQ uicker response toward the marketC ollecting and predicting customer preferenceC ollecting and predicting customer preference

DellDell

s direct buy models direct buy model

Better integration of informationBetter integration of information

Enabling mechanismEnabling mechanismA dvanced computerA dvanced computer--based analysisbased analysis

Push strategy through information technology Push strategy through information technology C rossC ross--border collaborationborder collaborationExtended enterprise that operates 24Extended enterprise that operates 24--77

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Reuse of business intelligenceReuse of business intelligenceC aptureC apture

ReuseReuseA utomateA utomateExploreExploreO ptimizeO ptimizeValidateValidate

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C ON C LU SIONC ON C LU SIONT h e core of PLM is in t h e creation and centralT h e core of PLM is in t h e creation and centralmanagement of all product data and t h e tec h nology used tomanagement of all product data and t h e tec h nology used toaccess t h is information and knowledge. PLM as aaccess t h is information and knowledge. PLM as adiscipline emerged from tools suc h as C A D , C AM anddiscipline emerged from tools suc h as C A D , C AM andP D M, but can be viewed as t h e integration of t h ese toolsP D M, but can be viewed as t h e integration of t h ese toolswit h met h ods, people and t h e processes t h roug h all stageswit h met h ods, people and t h e processes t h roug h all stagesof a products life. It is not just about software tec h nologyof a products life. It is not just about software tec h nologybut is also a business strategy.but is also a business strategy.T h e reality is h owever more complex, people andT h e reality is h owever more complex, people anddepartments cannot perform t h eir tasks in isolation and onedepartments cannot perform t h eir tasks in isolation and oneactivity cannot simply finis h and t h e next activity start.activity cannot simply finis h and t h e next activity start.D esign is an iterative process, often designs need to beD esign is an iterative process, often designs need to bemodified due to manufacturing constraints or conflictingmodified due to manufacturing constraints or conflictingrequirements. Wh ere exactly a customer order fits into t h erequirements. Wh ere exactly a customer order fits into t h etime line depends on t h e industry type, w h et h er t h etime line depends on t h e industry type, w h et h er t h eproducts are for example B uild to Order, Engineer toproducts are for example B uild to Order, Engineer toOrder, or Assemble to Order.Order, or Assemble to Order.

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References

A bout PLM. CI Mdata.

Evans, Mike. The PLM Debate. C ambashi.

Day, Martin (2002.04.15). W hat is PLM. C ad Digest.

Hill, S idney (2006.12.01).A winning strategy. Manufacturing Business Technology.

The "new" Product Lifecycle Management systems. PDMA .

Gould, Lawrence (2002.06.05). A dditional A BC s A bout PLM. A utomotive Designand Production.

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