chủ nghĩa tự do mới
TRANSCRIPT
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Bi tp nhmNhm 7 Trnh by tm tt ni dung hc thuyt Ch
ngha T do mi ngha ca hc thuyt trng tin, trng
cung v ch ngha th trng x hi c
Company Name
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NI DUNG CHNHNI DUNG CHNH
Phi trng cung
Phi trng tin
Ch ngha th trng x hi c
Tng quan v ch ngha t do mi
CHCHNGHANGHAT DOT DOMIMI
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I.Tng quan v ch ngha t do miI.Tng quan v ch ngha t do mi
Nguynnhn xut
hin
Cckhuynh
hng
c imphng
php lunv c s llun
1 32
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Nguyn nhn xut hinNguyn nhn xut hin
Chuyn t CNTB trc cquyn
sang ch ngha quc
Khng hong kinh tth gii 1929-1933
S xut hin l thuyt Keynes
CNTD mira i
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CC KHUYNH HNGCC KHUYNH HNG
CNTDCNTD
mimi
M
MM
MM
CC
Trng phi trng tin hin i
Trng phi trng cung hin i
Kinh t v m k vng duy l
Nn kinh t th trng x hi
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Phng php lunPhng php lun
cao t do kinh t, chng li s can thip suca nh nc vo cc hot ng kinh t.
Khu hiu th trng nhiu hn, nh nc thn Xem xt cc hin tng kinh t t gc tm
l, ch quan.
So snh, thng k cc hin tng kinh t bnngoi, khng i su vo bn cht.
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C s l lunC s l lun
Chng li ch ngha Mc-Lnin, ch ngha t domi gii thch mt cch phn khoa hc cc phm trkinh t TBCN.
Theo cch nhn ch quan tm l v gi tr, dng nhn ch tn ti trong nhn thc, h quan nim n ltng nhu cu ca c nhn.
i theo Marshall, h bin dng thuyt ba nhn t
ca J.B.Say v a thm nhn t th t: s qun lkinh doanh.
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II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c1.Gii thiu s lc - hon cnh ra i
Mun tm kim mt m hnh kinh t mi, hiu qu.Con ng th 3 trong pht trin kinh t, x hi.Ph phn nn kinh t th trng t bn, cng nh nnkinh t k hoch ha, tp trung.ng h t do: sc mnh t do, kinh t t do. cao cnh tranh, chng c quyn.Coi trng cc mc tiu v chnh sch x hi.
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2.H thng cc quan im
1
. Kt hpnguyn tc
t dovi cng
bngx hi
2
.Nh nc hn
ch can thip,m bo chonn kinh t tdo vn ng
3Hn ch mttri ca th
trng: lmpht, thtnghip, phnha thu nhp,
ngho i.
II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c
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II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c
Quyn t do c nhn
Cng bng x hi
Chnh sch chng bin ng chu k
Chnh sch c cu
S tun th cnh tranh
v6 tiu ch nhn din nn kinh t th trng x hi
Chnh sch tng trng
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3.Cnh tranh trong nn kinh t th trng XH
8 chc nng ca cnh tranh S dng ti u ti nguyn Khuyn khch tin b k thut
Phn phi thu nhp ln u Tha mn nhu cu tiu dng iu chnh linh hot cc ngun lc Kim sot sc mnh kinh t Kim sot sc mnh chnh tr Duy tr quyn t c la chn v hnh ng c nhn
II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c
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3.Cnh tranh trong nn kinh t th trng XH
Nhng nguy c e da cnh tranh:
Nhng nguy c do Chnh ph gy ra: Nh nchn ch hoc bp mo cnh tranh vi t cch l mt cquan quy lut x, mt bn hng bnh ng trn lnh vcthng mi hoc l ngi c quyn hoc cnh tranh vinhng mua bn hng ha khc nhau.
Nhng nguy c do t nhn gy ra: bao gmnhng hn ch theo chiu ngang v cc tha thun theochiu dc.
II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c
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3.Cnh tranh trong nn kinh t th trng XH
Bo v cnh tranh
Cc cng c bo v : c hai hnh thc x l vi vic hnch cnh tranh l x l hnh chnh v x l hnh s .
C quan chp hnh: + c quan chng ten lin bang + ta n
II.Ch ngha thi trng x hi cII.Ch ngha thi trng x hi c
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II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c
4.Cc yu t x hi trong nn kinh tth trng x hiMc tiu:
Nng cao mc sng ca cc nhm dn c c mc thu nhpthp.iu tit thu nhpNng cao phc li x hi chung.Gip cc thnh vin trong x hi, hn ch nhng kh khn
v kinh t v nhng ri ro ca cuc sng.
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Bin php:
- Tng trng kinh t, to thu nhp cao hn, gim t l tht nghip.- Phn phi thu nhp cng bng thng qua cc n by kinh t nhn nh gi c, tin lng, li nhun, thu.
- Bo him x hi, chng li ri ro, m bo an ton cho cc thnhvin (bo him tht nghip, bo him tui gi, bo him sc khe, bohim tai nn)
- Nng cao phc li x hi- Phn phi li thu nhp.
II.Ch ngha thi trng x hi cII.Ch ngha thi trng x hi c
4.Cc yu t x hi trong nn kinh tth trng x hi
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II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c
vNguyn tc h tr
5.Vai tr ca chnh ph trong nnkinh t th trng x hi
m bo cnh tranh c hiu qu.n nh tin t, chng lm phtm bo quyn t do kinh doanh
Bo v quyn s hu c nhnm bo an ninh x hi, thc hin cng bng x hi.Bo v vng chc bin gii, lnh th.
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II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c
vNguyn tc tng hp vi th trng
5.Vai tr ca chnh ph trong nnkinh t th trng x hi
Gii quyt vic lm, chng tht nghipTng trng kinh t v n nh kinh tChnh sch iu chnh ca nh nc ph hp vi chu kkinh t.m bo t do thng mi, hn ch s bo h.
H tr cc ngnh, cc vng 1 cch hp l, khng to ras c quyn.
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II.Ch ngha th trng x hi cII.Ch ngha th trng x hi c
Gii quyt tng i hp l mi quan h giakinh t vi x hi, th trng vi Nh nc y l m hnh c tnh linh hot, thch nghi
cao, khai thc kh trit vai tr khch
quan ca c ch
6. ngha
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III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin1. Vi nt v tc gi
Milton Friedman (1912) l nh kinh t hc ngi M, theo t tng tdo mi vi tn gi ch ngha bo th mi, l ch tch Hip hi KT M(1967). ng quan tm n nhng vn PP lun, s tiu dng v nht ltin t, tht nghip v t l tht nghip t nhinCng trnh nghin cu: Kho nghim v kinh t hc thc nghim
(1953), L thuyt v chc nng ca tiu dng (1957), Nghin cu v lthuyt s lng tin t (1956), Lch s tin t ca Hoa K 1957-1960(1963) PP lun: kt hp PP lun trng phi t do c, trng thng mi,KeynesT tng: c ch th trng c s iu tit ca nh nc mt mc nht nh, nhn mnh yu t tm l ca cc c nhn quyt nh sn xut vtiu dng
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III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
L thuytng x cangi tiudng vthu nhp
.
Cc hc thuytv tin t
L thuytchu k tin
t v thunhp quc
dn.
2. Ni dung c bn
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L thuyt v thi ng x ca ngi tiu
dng v thu nhpL thuyt v thi ng x ca ngi tiu dng
Tnh hnh chc chn (thu nhp, gi c, li tc n nh):+ Tiu dng cao hn thu nhp do s n nh chi tiu c gi vng, cc khon thu v
gi tng.+ Tit kim ph thuc vo nhng khon thu thng thng, l s d ra ca tiu dng.+ Tiu dng ca 1 nm khng ch ph thuc vo thu nhp ca nm . Tiu dng nm 2ph thuc thu nhp nm 1, nm 2 v t sut li tc.Tnh hnh ko chc chn: s c tit kim, phng nhng trng hp bt ng ko dkin.
Tiu dng ph thuc vo thu nhp, t sut li tc v c mt phn thu nhp t tinguyn vt cht. Tng quan gia ti nguyn vt cht v thu nhp cng cao, th d tr
ph cng nh i, v tiu dng thng thng tng ln.
III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
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L thuyt v thi ng x ca ngi tiu
dng v thu nhpGi thuyt v thu nhp thng xuyn- Thu nhp ca 1 c nhn trong 1 thi k nht nh do 2 b phn cu thnh:
+ Thu nhp thng xuyn (Yp) (do trnh ngh nghip mang li)+ Thu nhp tc thi (Yt)
Y = Yp + Yt- Tiu dng ca 1 c nhn c coi l tng s ca:
+ Tiu dng thng xuyn (Cp)+ Tiu dng nht thi (Ct)
C = Cp + Ct- Gia tiu dng thng xuyn v thu nhp thng xuyn c quan h vi nhau
Cp = K(i,w,u).Yp+ K: tng quan tiu dng thng xuyn v thu nhp thng xuyn
+ i: t sut li tc+ w: tng quan gia ti nguyn vt cht v thu nhp thng xuyn+ u: phn chia thu nhp cho tiu dng v tit kim
Tiu dng thng xuyn ch yu ph thuc i,w,u, ch khng phiph thuc vo thu nhp thng xuyn
III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
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L thuyt v thi ng x ca ngi tiu
dng v thu nhpThu nhp v thu nhp tng i- Tng quan gia tiu dng so vi thu nhp l mt hm s so
snh ca nhng ngi tiu dng trong phn phi thu nhp- Gi thuyt thu nhp thng xuyn cao hn gi thuyt thu
nhp tng i+ n gin hn, hp dn hn, thch ng vi nhng nghin cu vngn sch, vi tin trnh ca nhng chui nht thi+ Phong ph hn, cho bit s ln c tnh ng x ca ngi tiudng
+ Trnh by r rng hn cc hin tng
III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
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III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
L thuyt tin t v thu nhp quc dn
Mt l mc cung tin t l nhn t chnh, lm thay i tng thunhp quc dn (GNP) danh ngha
M= M: lng tin cn thit cho lu thngV: vng quay ca tin.
M.V =GNP, do V tng i n nh, v vy nu M thay i th sch lm thay i GNP dn =P.QMc cu tin t l n nh, trong khi mc cung li khng n nh,
t s dn n bt n trong nn kinh t.
GNPV
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III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
L thuyt tin t v thu nhp quc dn
Hai l: mc cung tin t l nhn t chnh lm thay i gi c, v vy chnhph phi kim sot lng tin a vo lu thng, chng lm pht.
MV=GNP = P.Q P = x M
V: tc lu thng tin t (n nh)Q: sn lng (ph thuc rt t vo M)Ch c M nh hng n gi c (P): M tng P tng
Lm pht l cn bnh nan gii ca x hi ch khng phi l tht nghip(t l tht nghip t nhin l t l m x hi c th chp nhn c) phichng lm pht.
VQ
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III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
L thuyt tin t v thu nhp quc dn
Ba l:
m bo quyn t do cnh tranh, nn kinh t s t cn bngng, thng qua cc quy lut kinh t, nh nc khng nn can
thip su vo kinh t.Kim sot cht ch lng tin a vo lu thng, khng xyra lm pht.Bo v quyn s hu t nhn, khuyn khch u t ca t
nhn.
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L thuyt tin t v thu nhp quc dn
III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
Keynes Friedman
Chnh schti chnh(G,T)
nh hng ti cc bin s kinh tv m
Ch lin quan ti phn phi thu nhpquc dn cho quc phng, tiu dngcng cng; cc bin s kinh t v m ch
ph thuc mc cung tin t
Cu tindanh nghaMd= f(yn,i)
Xem cu tin l nhn t ni sinhca SX, ng lc ch quan ca nl s thch chi tiu, gii thchmi quan h gia cu tin v li
sut. Md = L(r)
Mc cu v tin l kt qu ca s thayi mc thu nhp, cn li sut ko tcng n lng cu v tin. Tin v cutin l nhn t ngoi sinh ca nn kinh
t: Md = F(yn)
ng lcgi tin
Tnh ko n nh bn trong ca nnkinh t TBCN v ca li sut
L vic a khi lng hng ha ra thtrng, m khi lng hng ha c tnhn nh, nn mc cu v tin c tnh nnh cao
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III. Phi trng tinIII. Phi trng tin
3. ngha
ra mt gii php hu hiu trnh lm pht nhng cng cn phi lutm n suy thoi v tht nghip, l cn
bnh trm kha ca ch ngha t bn.
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IV.PHI TRNG CUNGIV.PHI TRNG CUNG
Xut hin nm 1980 M i biu: Laffer, Winniski, Ture, Roberto... Tm kim con ng gii quyt nhp iu tng
trng v duy tr nng sut lao ng i lp trng phi trng cu, phi Keynes
1.GII THIU S LC
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IV.PHI TRNG CUNGIV.PHI TRNG CUNG
Lun im c bn ca trng cung l cung s t to racu. gii quyt khng hong th khng phi kchcu m lm tng nng sut lao ng. Mun tngnng sut th phi kch thch lao ng, u t v titkim.
Ph phn nhng quan im ca phi trng cu v caphi Keynes khi cc phi ny phn tch nguyn nhn
ca khng hong kinh t l do thiu cu v do titkim qu ln.
2. CC QUAN IM CA PHI TRNG CUNG
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IV.PHI TRNG CUNGIV.PHI TRNG CUNG
Tit kim l thu nhp tng lai Thu sut cao gim tit kim gim u t gim
thu nhp tng lai. Thu gim kch thch hot ng tch cc ca con
ngi tng sn phm tng thu nhp kinh t tng trng thu c nhiu thu hn b pthm ht ngn sch.
2. CC QUAN IM CA PHI TRNG CUNG
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IV.PHI TRNG CUNGIV.PHI TRNG CUNG
Dng l thuyt ng cong Laffer lm cngc phn tch kinh t: T= t.Y
T: tng thu nhp v thu, khon thu vo ngnsch nh nc t: thu sut tnh theo phn trm (%) Y: thu nhp (thu nhp, li nhun, a t...)
2. CC QUAN IM CA PHI TRNG CUNG
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IV.PHI TRNG CUNGIV.PHI TRNG CUNG
t=0% th T=0 t=100% th T=0 v cc doanh nghip ng ca ngi
lao ng khng ai i lm khng thu c thu. t>0 th T tng dn v t cc i Tmax t=50% t>50% ngi ta khng mun i lm hoc hot ng
di dng kinh t ngm T gim dn khuyn khch u t, kch thch tng cung, cn
phi c chnh sch thu ph hp, nu nc thu qu caohay qu thp u khng ph hp.
2. CC QUAN IM CA PHI TRNG CUNG
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IV.PHI TRNG CUNGIV.PHI TRNG CUNG
Lm cho nn kinh t n nh nhp
tng trng. Tng nng sut lao ng v to sn
phm mi, kch thch sc cu tng
ln.
3. NGHA
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Thank You !Thank You !