chu trình c4
DESCRIPTION
123TRANSCRIPT
Slide 1
Trng i Hc S Phm Tp. H Ch MinhGVHD: c Lng Th L Th
1. ng Hng Thng2. Nguyn Th Dip Anh3. Hong Tm c ti 9: CHU TRNH C4SO SNH CHU TRNH C3 V C4
Chuyn QUANG HPKhoa Sinh Hc1
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
NI DUNG TRNH BYI.Lch s nghin cuII. Chu trnh C4III. So snh chu trnh C3 v C41. Cu to l cy C42. c im chnh chu trnh C43. Chu trnh C42
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
I. Lch s nghin cuNm 1943 Cacvanho nghin cu lc lp ca ma thy cu trc ca n khng ng u nh lc lp ca nhiu cy khc. Nm 1963 Tacchepski v Cacpilop cng pht hin li iu ng thi tm thy sn phm u tin ca pha ti quang hp cy ny l hp cht c 4 nguyn t cacbon l malate.3
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
I. Lch s nghin cuNm 1966, Marshall Davidson Hatch v C. Roger Slack tip tc nghin cu v xc nh c c ch ng ho CO2 c trng mt s cy mt l mm nh ma, ng, k c sn phm u tin l hp cht 4C. l chu trnh C4 hay chu trnh Hatch - Slack
4
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
I. Lch s nghin cuCui nhng nm 60, Downton, Tregunna cng nhiu khm ph khc tm thy chu trnh c ng, la min, c g, c lng vtT nm 1970 chu trnh c gi l chu trnh C4
5
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
II. Chu trnh C4c im chnh l C3T bo tht l m nhim chc nng ng ha CO2.Gm nhiu lp t bo m mmT bo mt trn l c nhiu lc lp hn t bo mt diXung quanh b mch c 1 vng t bo m mm v khng lc lp1. Cu to gii phu l cy C4
6
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
II. Chu trnh C4
1. Cu to gii phu l cy C4 nhm thc vt ng ha CO2 theo con ng C4, cc t bo m mm xung quanh b mch ny xut hin lc lpT bo tht l (Mezophyll) s xp thnh vng, khong t 2-4 lp t bo7
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
II. Chu trnh C4Cu to ca 2 lp t bo ny cng c s khc nhau:T bo tht l nm ngay st di lp biu bT bo bao b mch nm gia l, bao quanh b mch 1. Cu to gii phu l cy C4
8
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
II. Chu trnh C4T bo tht l nm st biu b nn c th tip nhn trc tip CO2t khng khT bo bao b mch CO2t khng kh, nhng nhng sn phm to ra y chuyn vo h mch dn d dng.
1. Cu to gii phu l cy C4
9
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
II. Chu trnh C4Li th ca cu trc Kranz:S vn chuyn cc cht gia t bo tht l v t bo bao b mch d dngT bo tht l gn ngun nh sng v kh quyn nn thc hin tt pha sng v khuyt tn CO2Chu trnh C3 xy ra gn b mch nhn c nc v cht khong t mch g, ng thi mch ry gip vn chuyn sn phm ca quang hp.
1. Cu to gii phu l cy C410
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
II. Chu trnh C41. Cu to gii phu l cy C411
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
II. Chu trnh C4c im ch yu ca chu trnh Hatch-Slack l qu trnh ng ho xy ra hai giai on hai t bo khc nhau
2. c im chu trnh C412
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
3. Chu trnh C4thc vt C3, bc u c nh CO2 c thc hin nh enzyme RubisCoThc vt C4 pht trin mt c ch nhm chuyn giao CO2ti enzymRubisCoc hiu qu hn bng cch s dng kiu l c bit ca mnh13
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
14
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
3. Chu trnh C4 trn l chu trnh tng qut nht ca chu trnh C4 ng, ma, c ci v a phn cc cy C4 khc. Ngoi, ra, 1 s loi cy qu trnh ng ha CO2 c i cht khc bit, ch yu trong qu trnh to malate, nh tc ng ca cc loi enzyme khc nhau15
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
3. Chu trnh C4ng ha CO2 nh enzyme malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.39) (NAD-ME)
Xy ra rau dn, kTrong qu trnh ny, phn ng 2, OA s to ra aspartate thay v malate
16
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
3. Chu trnh C4Enzyme chuyn ha OA thnh Malate l Malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.39)
17
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
3. Chu trnh C4
Enzyme xc tc l alanine aminotransferase
18
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
Con ng 1: To thnh malate vn chuyn CO2Pyruvate to thnh di chuyn tng t qu trnh ng ha nh NAD-ME
ng ha CO2 nh enzyme PEPCK
3. Chu trnh C419
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
3. Chu trnh C4 Con ng 2: To aspartate. Aspartate s ti to OA Lc ny, OA s to thnh PEP v gii phng CO2 nh enzyme PEPCK
ng ha CO2 nh enzyme PEPCK
20
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
III. So snh C3 v C4Cc c imThc vt C3Thc vt C4S loi t bo tham gia 1 loi t bo tham gia quang hp (t bo tht l)2 loi t bo tham gia quang hp (t bo tht l v t bo bao b mch).Hnh thi gii phuTht l c cu trc xp lp- Tht l mng hng tm- Bao b mch xp lp Gii phu KranzKhngCCu trc lc lpLc lp dng ht- Tht l : ht- Bao b mch : lamen
21
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
III. So snh C3 v C4Cc c imThc vt C3Thc vt C4Cht nhn CO2 u tinRi-1,5-DPPEP Sn phm u tinAPG (C3)AOA (C4)Enzim cacboxyl haRubiscoPEP cacboxylazaRubiscoThi gian c nh CO2Ban ngy (c A/S)Ban ngy (C a/s)c ch quang hp bi O2CKhng Hiu ng nhit cao ln quang hp (300- 400C)Km hmKch thchim b CO2Cao (25 - 100ppm)Thp (0 - 10ppm)
22
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
22
III. So snh C3 v C4Cc c imThc vt C3Thc vt C4S thot hi ncCaoThpNhu cu ncCaoThp bng C3H hp sngCKhngHot ng kh khngKh khng m ban ngyKh khng m ban ngyNhu cu toti u10 25 C30 45 CNhu cu nh sng- Trung bnh- im bo ha nh sng: thp 1/3 nh sng mt tri ton phn- Mnh- Khng c im no
23
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4
23
24CM N C V CC BN LNG NGHE
Chu trnh C4. So snh C3 v C4