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CHNG 4TO NG LC

TRONG LAO NG

CHCHNG NG 44TTO O NG LNG LC C

TRONG LAO TRONG LAO NGNG

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YU T NO QUAN TRNG NHT I VI NV? Thu Nhp S pht trin Mi quan h

VI T CCH L NGI QUN L

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yu t no quan trng nht trong cng

vic?

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%

Thunhp

SphttrinMiquanh

Thu nhp: 30% S pht trin: 44% Mi quan h: 26%

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I.Khi nim, S cn thit, cc hc

thuyt to ng lc L

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ng lc lao ng l s t nguyn ca ngi lao ng, s sn sng em ht nhit tnh v c gng ginh mc tiuca t chc.

To ng lc l qu trnh to ra kch thch cho hnhng, ng vin nhng c gng ca ngi lao ng.

Li ch l mc tho mn nhu cu ca con ngitrong nhng iu kin c th nht nh. Li ch cngln th hin mc tho mn nhu cu cng cao, nglc lao ng cng c to ra.

Nhu cu => Li ch => ng lc

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Kt qu cng vic = Kh nng + ng lc L

Kh nng = Kin thc+ K nng + Ngun lc ng lc L = S mong mun +Nhit huytVy kt qu thc hin cng vic km:

Do kh nng khng ?Do thiu ng lc?Do c hai?

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Cc kiu ng c lao ng (David C. McClelland):

ng c v s thnh t (Achievement motivation).

ng c tp th/ v s nhp hi (afiliationmotivation).

ng c mun chng t nng lc camnh (Competence otivation).

ng c quyn lc (power motivation).

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Nhn thc v cng vic khc nhau dn nkch thch hnh vi cng khc nhau:

Nhn thc lm cng vic v s (fear) => sm chm dt, sm b trit tiu.

Nhn thc l nhim v (duty) => tn ti trong mt thi gian ngn.

Nhn thc lm cng vic v s yuthch (love) => tn ti lu di.

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Ngi qun l cn hiu r:

Mi ngi lao ng ang cn ci g?

Ci g ang ng vin, kch thch ngi lao ng?

Bin php thch ng trong qun l t hiu qu

cao?

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iu g s xy ra khi nhu cu khng cp ng/khng c ng lc lao ng?

v ng u (copping)

v Tm mc tiu thay th .

v T chc, hoc tr a ngi qun l

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v Phn ng khng lnh mnh

v Bt ng nhn thc, biu hin :

Pht l.

Gim tip nhn cc thng tin mi.

Thay i thi , cch ngh.

v Kh chu, bc bi c nhn

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==> Hu qu:

Khng c ng lc trong lao ngTo ra hng ro ngn cch gia ngiqun l v cng nhn

Nng sut lao ng thp....

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to ng lc cho nhn vinthc hin CV ngi qun lphi lm cho h mun lm

vic ch khng phi b bucphi lm.

tto o ngng llcc chocho nhnhnn vivinnththcc hihinn CVCV ngngii ququnn llphphii llmm chocho hh mumunn llmm

vivicc chch khkhngng phphii bb bubuccphphii llmm..

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Mt s hc thuyt to ng lclao ng

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HC Thuyt X & HC Thuyt Y

Thuyt XCon ngi khng thchlm vicCon ngi mun trn

trnh trch nhim.Phi thng nu mun hlm vic v pht nu hkhng lm vicPhi c s ch dn c th, kim tra kim sot chtch thc hin CV.

Thuyt YCon ngi thch lmvic, thch chu trchnhimS kho lo v c sng

to lun tim n trongmi ngi. Qun l ch nn nhhng, hng dn.

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HC THUYT nhu cuca Maslow

Physiological Needs

Safety Needs

Belongingness Needs

Thc n, nc ung, ch Lng ti thiu

Mi trng lm vic an toncn g vic n nh

Ghi nhn, c v tr, trch nhim cao

Nhm lm vic, ng nghip

C c hi o to, pht trin, thnh t, sng to

Khng b chin tranh, bo lc

Gia nh, bn b, cng ng

c s ghi nhn ca gia nh, bn b, cng ng

o to, s thch, pht trin c nhn

Kha cnh ngoi cng vic Kha cnh lin quan n cng vic

X hi

An ton

Sinh hc

T khngnh mnh

c tn trng

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Physiological Needs

Safety Needs

Belongingness NeedsX hi

An ton

Sinh hc

T khngnh mnh

c tn trng

Lin h h thng nhu cu no l quan trng nht i vi bn?Gii thch ti sao?

Quyn lc Tn trng

Vui v Thu nhp cao

Pht trin

Khc? (C th)

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Ngi lnh o/Qun l cn?

Thu hiu nhu cu ca nhn vin Tm bin php tho mn nhu cu NV, tong lc L

Nhu cu ca mi Nhn vin trong tp thkhng hon ton ging nhau.

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Nhn thc nhu cu ca NV?

3Cm gic thn thuc109Gip d cc vn ring t92Khen thng thnh tch ca NV88S trung thc vi NV710Bi dng k thut61Cng vic c hng th57Mi trng lm vic tt46Thng tin v pht trin34An ton trong thc hin CV25i ng cao1

NV thc scn

Nhu cuTheo Gimc

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Hc thuyt hai nhn t ca Herzberg: (1950s)

Herzberg phng vn 200 k s v k ton vin ti 11 cng ty khu vc Pittsburg v ch nhng vn lin quan n thi ca ngi lao ng.

S dng hai loi cu hi: Khi no th ngi lao ng thch lm vic hoc cm thy

hon thnh cng vic tt v yu cu lit k cc iu kin clin quan?

Khi no ngi lao ng khng thch lm vic v cc iukin lin quan?

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Hc thuyt hai nhn t ca Herzberg: (1950s

Phn tch kt qu phng vn ng kt lun rng: con ngi c hai loi nhu cu khc nhau, chng honton c lp nhau v nh hng ca mi nhm nthi v n hnh vi ca ngi lao ng theo cccch khc nhau.

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Hc thuyt hai nhn t ca Herzberg: (1950s

Nhm cc nhn t to ng lc (ni dung cng vic)

r S tha nhn thnh tch

r S thnh t

r Tham gia: Thu ht mi ngi khc cng lmvic; c trch nhim ra quyt nh v cng vic ca mnh.

r Cng vic c giao yu cu ngi lao ngphi hc k nng, nng cao kin thc; trchnhim.

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Hc thuyt hai nhn t ca Herzberg: (1950s)

Nhm nhn t duy tr (mi trng cngvic)

r Chnh sch v cc quy nh ca cng ty/doanhnghip.

r Qun l hnh chnh

r Gim st.

r Quan h gia cc c nhn vi nhau.

r iu kin lm vic, tin lng.

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Hc thuyt Tng cng tch cc (B. F. Skinner)

Nhng hnh vi c thng s c xu hngc lp li, cn nhng hnh vi khng cthng (hoc b pht) s c xu hng khngc lp li.

Khong thi gian gia thi im xy rahnh vi v thi im thng/pht cng ngn bao nhiu th cng c tc dng thay ihnh vi by nhiu.

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Hc thuyt k vng (Victor Vroom )

Mi quan h nhn thc: con ngi mong i ci g?

ng lc l chc nng ca s k vng ca c nhnrng: mt s n lc nht nh s em li mtthnh tch nht nh, v thnh tch s dn nnhng kt qu hoc phn thng nh mongmun

Cn phi lm cho ngi lao ng hiu c miquan h trc tip gia n lc-thnh tch; thnhtch-kt qu/phn thng cng nh cn to nns hp dn ca cc kt qu/phn thng i vingi lao ng.

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Nhn thc ca ngi lao ng v mc c ix cng bng v ng n trong t chc.

Cc c nhn trong t chc c xu hng so snh sng gp ca h v cc quyn li h nhn c vis ng gp v cc quyn li ca nhng ngikhc.

Do , to ng lc, ngi qun l cn to ra vduy tr s cn bng gia s ng gp ca c nhnv cc quyn li m c nhn c hng.

Hc thuyt Cng bng (J. Stacy Adams)

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HC THUYT Qun ltheo mc tiu (MBO)

Qun l theo mc tiul qu trnh trong cc mc tiu c thc t ra trongmi tng quan giat chc, cc b phnv c nhn.

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Cc bc trong qun l theomc tiu

Pht trin cc mc tiu chung ca t chc

Xy dng k hoch hnh ng cam kt thc hinmc tiu

Cc n v v c nhn thc hin k hoch

Xem xt tin trnh thc hin mc tiu theo nh k

nh gi thc hin cc mc tiu v a racc bin php tng cng

a ra cc mc tiu c th cho cc b phn v n v

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THIT LP MC TIUCng thc SMART

TIMING- Xc lp khung thi gian thc hin

REALISTIC- m bo mc tiu c th t c

ACTIONS- T X cho mnh cc nhim v cnthc thi

MESURABLE-Lng ha c

SPECIFIC- Bo m mc tiu phi r rng

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II.Cc yu t to ng lc lao ng

1) Nhng yu t thuc v con ngi:

l H thng nhu cu c nhn,

l Mc tiu v gi tr c nhn,

l Thi lao ng;

l K nng L; l Kh nng ca c nhn

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Cc yu t to ng lc lao ng

2) Nhng yu t thuc v bn cht cngvic Mc khc nhau v nhim v, trch nhim m

cng vic i hi

Mc t ch khi thc hin CV

Cc loi tin thng c gi tr

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Cc yu t to ng lc lao ng

3) Yu t thuc mi trng cng vic: K thut v cng ngh

iu kin lao ng

Vn ho ca t chc

Bu khng kh lao ng

Cc chnh sch nhn s ca t chc...

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III. CC PHNG HNG TO NG LC TRONG L

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Chuyn mn ha

NL A NL B NL C

M rng CV

CV1

CV2

CV3

NL A

Lun chuyn CV

CV1

CV2

CV3

NL ANL C NL B

CV1

CV2

CV3

1.Thay i thit k cng vic truyn thng

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CHUYN SANG NG VIN TI NI LM VIC

L thit k cng vic v nilm vic sao cho nhn vin:

C th hc hi, ng gp v phttrin.

ng vin NV HTCV bng vic phthuy nhng ti nng, k nng, s thch, thi v nhu cu ring bit ca tngNV.

t ng ngi vo ng vic, cungcp nhng phn thng .

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Ci thin mi trng lm vic-chng trnh lm vic 5S

SERI/SNG LC

SEITON/SP XP

SEISO/SCH S

SEIKETSU/SN SC

SHITSUKE/SN SNG

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TRAO QUYN

Trao quyn l s y thc quynlc hay quyn hn cho nhngngi cp di cng c thcho ng nghip ngang cptrong t chc.

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2.Xc nh nhim v v tiu chunthc hin cng vic cho nhn vin Xc nh mc tiu hot ng cu TC v lm

cho NV hiu r. Xc nh nhim v c th v tiu chun

THCV (Bn m t CV; Tiu chun THCV). nh gi thng xuyn v cng bng mc hon thnh nhim v ca NV.

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3.To iu kin thun li ngi L hon thnh nhim v

Loi tr cc tr ngi cho THCV. Cung cp cc iu kin cn thit cho CV.

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4. Kch thch lao ng

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Kch thch lao ng

a. Kch thch tinh thn:

Khch l bng khen ngi l bin php huhiu c v ngi L.

C mong mun thc s ngi laong. Khch l bng s quan tm yumn, tnh cm s khi dy tinh thncng hin ca con ngi.

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Kch thch lao ng

a. Kch thch tinh thn:

Tng cng thng tin, trao i giangi lao ng v ngi qun l

Hiu s khc nhau gia cc nhn tto ng lc v cc nhn t duy tr

Xy dng cc danh hiu thi ua

To ra bu khng kh c ng lc

Nui dng lng tin vo ng lc...

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Kch thch lao ngb. Kch thch vt cht:

S dng tin lng/tin cng nh nby kinh t:

Yu cu ca tin cng/tin lng

Thit k h thng thang bnglng;

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Kch thch lao ng Mc tin cng, tin lng tr cho

ngi lao ng

La chn ch tr cng ph hpnhm khuyn khch ngi lao ng

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Kch thch lao ng

b. Kch thch vt cht:

S dng cc hnh thc tin thng khuynkhch thnh tch lao ng:

La chn hnh thc thng

Thi im thng phi kp thi

Cc iu kin thng

Thng cng bng, hp l

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Kch thch lao ngb. Kch thch vt cht:

Khen thng phi cng bng, hp l:

Cng bng vi ngi phm khuyt im. Phi cng bng vi nhng ngi tri hn ta.

Khen ngi ng mc nhng cp di m ta mn.

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Kch thch lao ng

c. Ch kt hp hi ho kch thch vt cht v kch thchtinh thn

F L mt nguyn tc ht sc quan trng.

F Khng nn qu coi trng khuyn khch vtcht hoc tinh thn.

F Phi kt hp cht ch, hi ho, thng pht nghim minh th to ng lc mi mnh m.

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Kch thch lao ng

c. Ch kt hp hi ho kch thch vt cht v kch thchtinh thn

Nn nh rng mi ngi lao ng cn cng vin bng cch khc nhau, ti cc thiim khc nhau.

Hoc qu nhn mnh li ch, ng lc c nhn

trong khi nhng qun nhng cn tr ca n i vi

doanh nghip.

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Vai tr ca nh qunl

To ng lc lm viccho nhn vin l vaitr chnh yu nht canh qun l

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lu !

Bn khng th t bvic t c mc tiuca doanh nghip ch vmc ch tng ng lclm vic cho nhn vin

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QUESTIONS/CU HI?

ANSWERS/TR LI

QUSTIONS?

ANSWER

S

TO NG LC CHO NGI L