CHUYN Dn xut halogen - ancol phenol

Cu 1. Khi tch hiroclorua t cc ng phn ca C4H9Cl th thu c ti a bao nhiu ng phn cu to ca anken? A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5 Cu 2. Khi thc hin phn ng th clo vo isobutan, s sn phm iclo ti a c th thu c l bao nhiu? A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 Cu 3: Co bao nhiu ancol ng phn, cng thc phn t C4H10O? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu 4.Cht hu c X c CTPT C4H10O . S lng cc ng phn ca X khng tc dng vi Na l: A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5 Cu 5. S ng phn c cng cng thc phn t C4H10O l A.6 B.8 C.4 D.7 Cu 6. C bao nhiu ng phn ancol bc 2 c cng cng thc phn t C5H12O ? A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5 Cu 7: ng vi CTPT C3H8Ox c bao nhiu cht l ancol? A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 Cu 8: C bao nhiu ru mch h c s nguyn t C < 4 ? A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 10 Cu 9: Co bao nhiu ancol thm, cng thc C8H10O A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8. Cu 10: Co bao nhiu ancol thm, cng thc C8H10O khi tac dung vi CuO un nong cho ra andehit. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5. Cu 11. ng vi cng thc phn t C4H10O2 c bao nhiu ng phn bn c th ho tan c Cu(OH)2 ? A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5 Cu 12. ( thi HSG 2009-TB) Cho cc cht C4H10O,C4H9Cl,C4H10,C4H11N. S ng phn cu to ca cc cht gim theo th t l A. C4H11N, C4H10O, C4H9Cl, C4H10 B. C4H10O, C4H9Cl, C4H11N, C4H10 C. C4H10O, C4H9Cl, C4H10, C4H11N. D. C4H10O, C4H11N, C4H10, C4H9Cl Cu 13. Xc nh tn IUPAC ca ancol sau CH3 CHOH - CH2 - CH(CH3) - CH3 a.1,3-imetylbutan-1-ol b.2-metylpentan-4-ol c.4,4-imetylbutan- 2-ol d.4-metylpentan-2-ol Cu 14.Tn gi no sau y khng ng vi hp cht (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH a.3-Metylbutan-1-ol b.ancol iso pentylic c.Ancol iso amylic d.2-metylbutan-4-ol Cu 15.Tn chnh xc theo danh php IUPAC ca CH3CHOHCH(CH3)CH3 a.2-metylbutan-3-ol b.1,1-imetylpropan-2-ol c.3-metylbutan-2-ol d.1,2imetylpropan-1-ol Cu 16: Tn IUPAC ca ru isoamylic l A. 2-metylbutan-1-ol B. 2-etylpropan-1-ol C. 2 -metylbutan- 4-ol D. 3-metylbutan-1-ol Cu 17.Tn ancol no sau y c sai a.CH3CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH, 2-metylhexan-1-ol b.CH3C(CH3)2CH2CHOHCH3 ; 4,4-imetylpentan-2-ol c.CH3CHC2H5CHOHCH3 ; 3-etylbutan-2-ol d.CH3CH2CH(CH3)CHOHCH3 ; 3-metylpentan-2-ol Cu 18. Chiu gim linh ng ca nguyn t H(t tri qua phi ) trong nhm -OH ca 3 hp cht phenol, ancol etylic v nc l a.HOH, C6H5OH,C2H5OH. b.C6H5OH, HOH, C2H5OH c.C2H5OH, C6H5OH, HOH d. C2H5OH, HOH, C6H5OH

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Cu 19: Cht

CH3 | CH3 C OH | CH3

c tn l g ?

A. 1,1-imetyletanol B. 1,1-imetyletan-1-ol C. isobutan-2-ol D. 2-metylpropan-2-ol Cu 20. Khi cho cht X c CTPT C3H5Br3 tc dng vi dd NaOH d thu c cht hu c Y c phn ng vi Na v phn ng trng gng.Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A.CH2Br-CHBr-CH2Br B.CH2Br-CH2-CHBr2 C.CH2Br-CBr2-CH3 D.CH3-CH2-CBr3. Cu 21. Hp cht hu c X c CTPT l C 3H5Br3. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH long d, un nng ri c cn dung dch thu c th cn li cht rn trong c cha sn phm hu c ca natri. X c tn gi l: A. 1,1,1-tribrompropan B. 1,2,2-tribrompropan C. 1,1,2-tribrompropan D. 1,2,3-tribrompropan Cu 22. (HKB 2008) Cho s chuyn ho sau :+ Br2 (1:1mol),Fe,t + NaOH (d ),t ,p + HCl(d ) Toluen X Y Z Trong X, Y, Z u l hn hp ca cc cht hu c, Z c thnh phn chnh gm : A. m-metylphenol v o-metylphenol B. benzyl bromua v o-bromtoluen C. o-bromtoluen v p-bromtoluen D. o-metylphenol v p-metylphenol Cu 23: un nng hn hp ru gm CH3OH v cc ng phn ca C3H7OH vi xc tc H2SO4 c c th to ra bao nhiu sn phm hu c ? A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7 Cu 7. Cho cc hn hp ancol sau: Hn hp 1: (CH3OH + C3H7OH); Hn hp 2: (CH3OH + C2H5OH); Hn hp 3: (CH3CH2CH2OH + (CH3)2CHOH). un cc hh vi dung dch H2SO4 c 1400C v 1700C, hh ancol no sau phn ngthu c 3 ete nhng ch thu c 1 anken? A. Hn hp 1 B. Hn hp 2 C. Hn hp 3 D. C 3 hh trn. Cu 9 (C-2010). ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O c bao nhiu hp cht mch h bn khi tc dng vi kh H2 (xc tc Ni, t0) sinh ra ancol? A. 3 B. 4 C. 2 D. 1 Cu 10: A, B, D la 3 ng phn co cung cng thc phn t C 3H8O. Bit A tac dung vi CuO un nong cho ra andehit, con B cho ra xeton. Vy D la : A.Ancol bc III. B.Cht co nhit si cao nht. C.Cht co nhit si thp nht. D.Cht co kha nng tach nc tao 1 anken duy nht. Cu 11: Chi ra cht tach nc tao 1 anken duy nht: A.metanol; etanol; butan -1-ol. B.Etanol; butan -1,2- diol; 2-metyl propan-1-ol C.Propan-2-ol; butan -1-ol; pentan -3-ol. D.Propanol-1; 2 metyl propan-1-ol; 2,2 dimetyl propan -1-ol. Cu 12 (DH-08-A): Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), sn phm chnh thu c l A. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en). B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en). C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en). D. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).0 0

Cu 13(DH-10-A): Cho s chuyn ho: dd Br2 NaOH CuO, t0 O2,xt CH3OH, xt, t0 C3H6 X Y Z T E (Este a chc) Tn gi ca Y l A. propan-1,2-iol. B. propan-1,3-iol. C. glixerol. D. propan-2-ol. Cu 29.Ancol no di y khi b oxi ho khng hon ton to ra xeton A. Ancol n-butylic B. ancol sec butylic C. ancol tert butylic D. ancol iso butylic Cu 30. C bao nhiu ng phn ancol mch h c cng CTPT C5H10O khi oxi ho bng CuO (to) to sn phm c phn ng trng gng? A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 4.

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Cu 31 (A-2010). Anken X hp nc to thnh 3-etylpentan-3-ol. Tn ca X l A. 3-etylpent-3-en. B. 2-etylpent-2-en. C. 3-etylpent-2-en. D. 3-etylpent-1-en. 0 Cu 32: un hn hp 5 ru no n chc vi H2SO4 c 140 C, s ete thu c l A. 10 B. 12 C. 15 D. 17 Cu 33 (DH-10-B): C bao nhiu cht hu c mch h dng iu ch 4-metylpentan-2-ol ch bng phn ng cng H2 (xc tc Ni, t0)? A. 5. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3. Cu 34. Cho s phn ng sau:+HCl +NaOH, t0 H2SO4 dc,180 C +Br2 +NaOH, to

But-1-en X Y Z T K Bit X,Y,Z,T,K u l sn phm chnh ca tng giai on .Cng thc cu to thu gn ca K l A.CH3 CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3 B.CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3 C.CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2OH D.CH2(OH)CH2CH2CH2OH Cu 35. Cho dy chuyn ho sau:H2SO4 c ,170 C H2O (H2SO4 long)

CH3CH2CH2OH X Y Bit X,Y u l sn phm chnh .Vy CTCT ca X ,Y ln lt l A. CH3CH=CH2 , CH3CH2CH2OH B.CH3CH=CH2, CH3CH2CH2OSO3H C. CH3CH=CH2,CH3CH(OH)CH3 D.C3H7OC3H7,CH3CH2CH2OSO3H 0 Cu 36.Dung dch ancol etylic 25 c ngha l A.100g dd c 25ml ancol etylic nguyn cht B. 100ml dd c 25g ancol etylic nguyn cht C. 100g dd c 25g ancol etylic nguyn cht D. 100ml dd c 25ml ancol etylic nguyn cht Cu 37: S no di y dng iu ch etylen glicol t CH4 ?2 Ca(OH)2 A. CH4 HCHO CH2(OH)CHO HOCH2CH2OH 6000 C Ni,t0

NO

H

1500 C ddKMnO4 H2 ,Pd,t B. CH4 C2H2 C2H4 C2H4(OH)2 LLN0

0

Cl2 Na,ete ddKMnO4 t , xt C. CH4 CH3Cl C2H6 C2H4 C2H4(OH)2 as0

D. C A, B, C Cu 38 (C-07). Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to nh sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X); HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH (Y); HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z); CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (R); CH3-CHOH-CH2OH (T). Nhng cht tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh lam l A. X, Y, R, T. B. X, Z, T. C. Z, R, T. D. X, Y, Z, T. Cu 39 (B-2009): Cho cc hp cht sau: (a) HOCH2-CH2OH. (b) HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH. (c) HOCH2-CH(OH)-CH2OH. (d) CH3-CH(OH)-CH2OH. (e) CH3-CH2OH. (f) CH3-O-CH2CH3. Cc cht tc dng c vi Na, Cu(OH)2 l: A. (a), (b), (c). B. (c), (d), (f). C. (a), (c), (d). D. (c), (d), (e). Cu 40: Ba ru A, B, C l 3 ng phn ca C4H10O. C CTCT tng ng : CH3CH2CH2CH2OH (A), CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3 (B), (CH3)3COH (C). phn bit A, B, C c th dng thuc th no sau y ? A. Na B. H2SO4 (), t0 > 1700C C. CuO, t0, AgNO3/NH3 D. dd 0 KMnO4, t Cu 41.Nhit si ca phenol,ancol etylic,nc,etyl clorua,ancol propylic c xp theo chiu gim dn t tri qua phi theo dy no sau y? A. ancol propylic > ancol etylic> phenol> etyl clorua> nc B. nc >ancol propylic > ancol etylic> phenol> etyl clorua C. phenol> ancol propylic > ancol etylic> nc > etyl clorua

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D. phenol> nc >ancol propylic > ancol etylic> etyl clorua Cu 42: Co bao nhiu hp cht hu c C8H10O va tac dung vi Na, va tac dung vi NaOH? A. 7 B. 8 C. 9 D. 10. Cu 43. S ng phn thm c cng CTPT C7H8O va tc dng c vi Na va tc dng c vi NaOH A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 Cu 44: Co bao nhiu phan ng xay ra khi cho cac cht C6H5-OH; NaHCO3; NaOH, HCl tac dung vi nhau tng i mt? A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6. Cu 45. Trong s cc dn xut ca benzen c CTPT C8H10O c bao nhiu ng phn X tho mn X+NaOH Khng phn ng ; X -H2O Y xc tc Polime a.1 b.2 c.3 d.4 Cu 46.Pht biu no sau y ng (1).Phenol c tnh axit mnh hn etanol v nhn benzen ht electron ca nhm OH bng hiu ng lin hp ,trong khi nhm C2H5- y e vo nhm OH (2). Phenol c tnh axit mnh hn etanol v c minh ho bng phn ng phenol tc dng vi dung dch NaOH cn etanol th khng. (3).Tnh axit ca phenol yu hn H2CO3 v sc CO2 vo dd natriphenolat ta s thu c phenol (4).Phenol trong nc cho mi trng axit lm qu tm ho . a.1v 2 b.2 v 3 c.3 v 1 d.1,2 v 3 Cu 47: Cho s phan ng sau: CH4 X Y Z T C6H5-OH. (X, Y, Z la cac cht hu c khac nhau). Chi ra Z. A. C6H5-Cl B. C6H5-NH2 C. C6H5-NO2 D. C6H5-ONa Cu 48.( thi HSG 2009-TB) Hp cht X c cha vng benzen v c cng thc phn t l C7H6Cl2. Thy phn hon ton X trong NaOH c d, t0 cao, p cao thu c cht Y c CTPT l C7H7O2Na. Cho bit X c bao nhiu CTCT tha mn? A. 3 B. 5 C. 4 D. 2 Cu 49.( thi HSG 2009-TB) Hp cht X l dn xut ca benzen c CTPT C8H10O2. X tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1:1. Mt khc cho X tc dng vi Na th s mol H2 thu c ng bng s mol ca X phn ng. Nu tch mt phn t H2O t X th to ra sn phm c kh nng trng hp to polime. S CTCT ph hp ca X l A. 9 B. 2 C. 6 D. 7 Cu 50. Cng thc tng qut no sau y khng ng A. ru no n chc mch h CnH2n+1OH B. Ru no 2 chc mch h CnH2n(OH)2 C. ru no a chc mch h CnH2n+1(OH)x D. ru no a chc mch h CnH2n+2-x(OH)x Cu 51 (DH-08-A): Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ancol n chc X th thu c kt qu: tng khi lng ca cacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ancol ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l A. 3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 1. Cu 52 (CD-07-A): C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn cu to ca nhau m phn t ca chng c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18%? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.

Phn ng vi kim loi kim Cu 53 (CD-07-A): Hp cht hu c X (phn t c vng benzen) c cng thc phn t l C7H8O2, tc dng c vi Na v vi NaOH. Bit rng khi cho X tc dng vi Na d, s mol H2 thu c bng s mol X tham gia phn ng v X ch tc dng c vi NaOH theo t l s mol 1:1. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A. C6H5CH(OH)2. B. HOC6H4CH2OH. C. CH3C6H3(OH)2. D. CH3OC6H4OH. o Cu 54 (CD-10-A): Cho 10 ml dung dch ancol etylic 46 phn ng ht vi kim loi Na (d), thu c V lt kh H2 (ktc). Bit khi lng ring ca ancol etylic nguyn cht bng 0,8 g/ml. Gi tr ca V l A. 4,256. B. 0,896. C. 3,360. D. 2,128.

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Cu 55. Cho 100 ml dung dch ancol Y n chc 46o tc dng vi Na va sau phn ng thu c 176,58 gam cht rn. Bit khi lng ring ca Y l 0,9 g/ml. CTPT ca Y l: A. CH4O B. C4H10O C. C2H6O D. C3H8O Cu 56 (DH-07-A): Cho 15,6 gam hn hp hai ancol (ru) n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23) A. C3H5OH v C4H7OH. B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH. D. CH3OH v C2H5OH. Cu 57: A la hp cht co cng thc phn t C7H8O2. A tac dung vi Na d cho s mol H2 bay ra bng s mol NaOH cn dung trung hoa cung lng A trn. CTCT cua A l. A. C6H7COOH B. HOC6H4CH2OH C. CH3OC6H4OH D. CH3C6H3(OH)2. Cu 58: A la hp cht co cng thc phn t C7H8O2. A tac dung vi Na d cho s mol H2 bay ra bng s mol NaOH cn dung trung hoa cung lng A trn. CTCT cua A l. A. C6H7COOH B. HOC6H4CH2OH C. CH3OC6H4OH D. CH3C6H3(OH)2. Cu 59: Cho a (mol) hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C7H8O2 tc dng vi natri d thu c a (mol) kh H2(ktc). Mt khc, a (mol)X ni trn tc dng va vi a (mol) Ba(OH)2. Trong phn t X c th cha: A.1 nhm cacboxyl COOH lin kt vi nhn thm. B.1 nhm 2OH v 1 nhm lin kt vi nhn thm CH OH C.2 nhm lin kt trc tip vi nhn thm. OH D.1 nhm CH2OH lin kt vi nhn thm O Cu 60 (DH-09-B): Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc nu cho a mol X phn ng vi Na (d) th sau phn ng thu c 22,4a lt kh H2 ( ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A. CH3-C6H3(OH)2. B. HO-C6H4-COOCH3.C. HO-CH2-C6H4-OH. D.HO-C6H4-COOH. Cu 61: (HKA-2011) Hp cht hu c X cha vng benzen c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht. Trong X, t l khi lng cc nguyn t l m C : mH : mO = 21 : 2 : 8. Bit khi X phn ng hon ton vi Na th thu c s mol kh hir bng s mol ca X phn ng. X c bao nhiu ng phn (cha vng benzen) tha mn cc tnh cht trn? A. 9 B. 3. C. 7. D. 10. Phn ng t chy Cu 62 (DH-10-A): t chy hon ton m gam hn hp 3 ancol n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng, thu c 3,808 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l A. 5,42. B. 5,72. C. 4,72. D. 7,42. Cu 63(DH-10-B): t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp X gm 2 ancol (u no, a chc, mch h, c cng s nhm -OH) cn va V lt kh O2, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 v 12,6 gam H2O (cc th tch kh o ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 11,20. B. 4,48. C. 14,56. D. 15,68. Cu 64(DH-09-A): Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon ton hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l A. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3. B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH. C. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2. D. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2. Cu 65. Hn hp X gm 2 ancol c cng s nhm OH. Chia X thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 cho tc dng vi Na d thu c 2,24 lt H2(ktc). t chy hon phn 2 thu c 11 gam CO2 v 6,3 gam H2O. Bit s nguyn t cacbon trong mi ancol 3. CTPT ca 2 ancol l: A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH B. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2 C. C3H7OH v CH3OH D. CH3OH v C2H5OH Cu 66 (CD-08-A): t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c H2O v CO2 vi t l s mol tng ng l 3:2. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C2H6O2. B. C2H6O. C. C3H8O2. D. C4H10O2. Cu 67. t chy hon ton a mol hn hp X gm 2 ru A v B. Sn phm chy cho hp th ht vo bnh ng nc vi trong d thy c 30 gam kt ta xut hin v khi lng dung dch gim 9,6 gam. Gi tr ca a l

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A. 0,2 mol B. 0,15 mol C. 0,1 mol D. Khng xc nh Cu 68. Ancol n chc A chay cho mCO2 : mH2O = 11:9. t chay hoan toan 1 mol A ri hp thu toan b san phm chay vao 600ml dung dich Ba(OH)2 1M thi lng kt tua la: A. 11,48g B. 59,1g C. 39,4g D. 19,7g. Cu 69. Chia a gam ancol etylic thnh 2 phn bng nhau. em nung nng phn 1 vi H 2SO4 c 1700C thu c kh etilen. t chy hon ton lng etilen ny thu c 3,6 gam nc. t chy hon ton phn 2 ri cho ton b sn phm chy vo 500 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH) 2 0,2M, sinh ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 19,70. B. 17,73. C. 9,85. D. 11,82. Cu 70 (DH-09-A): t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lt kh O 2 ( ktc). Mt khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung dch c mu xanh lam. Gi tr ca m v tn gi ca X tng ng l A. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol. B. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol. C. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol. D. 4,9 v glixerol. Cu 71: t chay ancol ch cha mt loi nhm chc A bng O2 va u nhn thy nCO2 : nO2 : nH2O = 6:7:8. A co c im: A. Tac dung vi Na d cho nH2 = 1,5nA. B. Tac dung vi CuO un nong cho ra hp cht a chc. C. Tach nc tao thanh mt anken duy nht. D. Khng co kha nng hoa tan Cu(OH)2. Cu 72 (CD-08-A): t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d), thu c cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y l: A. C2H6O2, C3H8O2. B. C2H6O, CH4O. C. C3H6O, C4H8O. D. C2H6O, C3H8O. Cu 73 (DH-07-B): X l mt ancol (ru) no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc v 6,6 gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l (cho C = 12, O = 16) A. C3H7OH. B. C3H6(OH)2. C. C3H5(OH)3. D. C2H4(OH)2. Cu 74 (CD-07-A): t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO 2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th tch kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c ( cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C3H8O3. B. C3H4O. C. C3H8O2. D. C3H8O. Cu 75(DH-09-A): Khi t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h thu c V lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v a gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m, a v V l: V V V V A. m = 2a B. m = 2a C. m = a + D. m = a 22,4 11,2. 5,6 5,6 Cu 76: t chay hoan toan a gam ancol X ri hp thu toan b san phm chay vao binh nc vi trong d thy khi lng binh tng b gam va co c gam kt tua. Bit b = 0,71c va c =a +b . X co cu tao thu gon la: 1,02

A. C2H5OH B. C2H4(OH)2 C. C3H5(OH)3 D. C3H6(OH)2 Cu 77.( thi HSG 2010-TB) Thc hin cc th nghim sau: Th nghim 1: Trn 0,015 mol ancol no X vi 0,02 mol ancol no Y ri cho hn hp tc dng ht vi Na c 1,008 lt H2. Th nghim 2: Trn 0,02 mol ancol X vi 0,015 mol ancol Y ri cho hn hp tc dng ht vi Na c 0,952 lt H2. Th nghim 3: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp ancol nh trong th nghim 1 thu c 6,21 gam hn hp gm CO2 v H2O. Bit th tch cc khi o ktc v cc ancol u mch h. Cng thc 2 ancol X v Y ln lt l A. C3H6(OH)2 v C3H5(OH)3. B. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H5(OH)3 C. CH3OH v C2H5OH. D. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. Cu 78.( thi HSG 2010-TB) Cht A mch h c cng thc CxHyCl2. Khi cho tt c cc ng phn ca A tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH un nng thu c hn hp sn phm trong c ba ancol c kh nng ha tan c Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh lam. Cng thc phn t ca A l A. C5H10Cl2. B. C4H6Cl2. C. C4H8Cl2 D. C3H6Cl2. Cu 79.( thi HSG 2010-TB) t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c X l dn xut ca benzen thu c CO 2 c khi lng nh hn 35,2 gam. Bit rng a (mol) X phn ng va vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 2a(M). Cng thc cu to ca X l A. C6H5-CH2OH. B. HO-C6H4-CH2OH C. HO-CH2-C6H4-COOH. D. C6H4(OH)2.

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Cu 80 (H-10-A): Tch nc hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol Y ch to ra 2 anken. t chy cng s mol mi ancol th lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 ln lng nc sinh ra t ancol kia. Ancol Y l A. CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3. B. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH. C. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH. D. CH3-CH(OH)-CH3. Cu 81.Thc hin phn ng tch nc vi ancol n chc A iu kin thch hp .Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton c cht hu c B. dB/A =1,7. CTPT A l A. C2H5OH B. C3H7OH C. C4H9OH D.C5H11OH Cu 82. un nng mt hn hp gm 2 ancol no n chc vi H 2SO4 1400C thu c 21,6 g nc v 72,0 g hn hp ba ete c s mol bng nhau. Cng thc phn t 2 ancol,s mol mi ancol,mi ete l A.CH3OH v C2H5OH; 0,4 mol ; 1,2 mol B. CH3OH v C2H5OH; 1,2mol ; 0,4mol C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH; 0,4 mol ; 1,2 mol D. CH3OH v C2H5OH; 0,4 mol ; 0,4 mol Cu 83 (DH-09-A): un nng hn hp hai ancol n chc, mch h vi H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp gm cc ete. Ly 7,2 gam mt trong cc ete em t chy hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO 2 ( ktc) v 7,2 gam H2O. Hai ancol l A. C2H5OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH. B. C2H5OH v CH3OH. C. CH3OH v C3H7OH. D. CH3OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH. Cu 84 (DH-10-B): t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm ba ancol (n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng), thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu un nng m gam X vi H2SO4 c th tng khi lng ete ti a thu c l A. 5,60 gam. B. 6,50 gam. C. 7,85 gam. D. 7,40 gam. Cu 85. Khi un nng hn hp 3 ancol X,Y,Z (u c s nguyn t C >1)vi H2SO4 c 1700C thu c 2 olefin l ng ng k tip nhau .Ly 2 trong 3 ancol tc dng vi H 2SO4 c 1400C thu c 2,64g ete.Lm bay hi khi lng ete thu c trn cho th tch bng th tch ca 0,24g oxi cng iu kin .Cng thc cu to ca 3 ancol l. A.C2H5OH ;CH3CHOHCH3 ;CH3CH2CH2CH2OH B. C2H5OH ;CH3CHOHCH3 ; CH3CH2CH2OH C.C3H7OH ;CH3CH2CHOHCH3 ; CH3CH2CH2CH2OH D.C b v c ng. Cu 86. Chia a gam hn hp 2 ru no, n chc thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt mang t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Phn hai tch nc hon ton thu c hn hp 2 anken. t chy hon ton 2 anken ny c m gam H2O, m c gi tr l A. 5,4 g B. 3,6 g C. 1,8 g D. 0,8 g Cu 87. Kh nc hon ton hn hp X gm 2 ru A, B iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp Y gm 2 anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho X hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch Br2 d thy c 24 gam Br2 b mt mu v khi lng bnh ng dung dch Br2 tng 7,35 gam. CTPT ca 2 ru trong X l A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH C. C4H9OH v C5H11OH B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH D. Kt qu khc Cu 88: Trn 0,5mol C2H5OH v 0,7 mol C3H7OH. Sau dn qua H2SO4 c nng. Tt c ancol u b kh nc ( khng c ru d). Lng anken sinh ra lm mt mu 1 mol Br 2 trong dung dch . Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Vy s mol H2O to thnh trong s kh nc trn l: A. 1mol B. 1,1mol C. 1,2mol D. 0,6mol Cu 89: (HKB-2011) Chia hn hp gm hai n chc X v Y (phn t khi ca X nh hn ca Y) l ng ng k tip thnh hai phn bng nhau: - t chy hon ton phn 1 thu c 5,6 lt CO2 (ktc) v 6,3 gam H2O. - un nng phn 2 vi H2SO4 c 1400C to thnh 1,25 gam hn hp ba ete. Ha hi hon ton hn hp ba ete trn, thu c th tch ca 0,42 gam N2 (trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Hiu sut ca phn ng to ete ca X, Y ln lt l: A. 30% v 30% B. 25% v 35% C. 40% v 20% D. 20% v 40%

Cu 90 (DH-10-A): Oxi ho ht 2,2 gam hn hp hai ancol n chc thnh anehit cn va 4,8 gam CuO. Cho ton b lng anehit trn tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, thu c 23,76 gam Ag. Hai ancol l: A. CH3OH, C2H5CH2OH. B. CH3OH, C2H5OH.

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C. C2H5OH, C3H7CH2OH. D. C2H5OH, C2H5CH2OH. Cu 91 (CD-10-A): Cho 4,6 gam mt ancol no, n chc phn ng vi CuO nung nng, thu c 6,2 gam hn hp X gm anehit, nc v ancol d. Cho ton b lng hn hp X phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A. 16,2. B. 43,2. C. 10,8. D. 21,6. Cu 92 (DH-09-B): Hn hp X gm hai ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Oxi ho hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X c khi lng m gam bng CuO nhit thch hp, thu c hn hp sn phm hu c Y. Cho Y tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A. 15,3 B. 8,5 C. 8,1 D. 13,5 Cu 93 (B-2008): Oxi ho 1,2 gam CH3OH bng CuO nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp sn phm X (gm HCHO, H2O v CH3OH d). Cho ton b X tc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, c 12,96 gam Ag. Hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ho CH3OH l A. 76,6%. B. 80,0%. C. 65,5%. D. 70,4%. Cu 94 (DH-08-A): Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H 2 l 13,75). Cho ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A. 7,8. B. 8,8. C. 7,4. D. 9,2. Cu 95 (DH-07-B): Cho m gam mt ancol (ru) no, n chc X qua bnh ng CuO (d), nung nng. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, khi lng cht rn trong bnh gim 0,32 gam. Hn hp hi thu c c t khi i vi hiro l 15,5. Gi tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C =12, O = 16) A. 0,64. B. 0,46. C. 0,32. D. 0,92. Cu 96(DH-10-B): Hn hp X gm 1 ancol v 2 sn phm hp nc ca propen. T khi hi ca X so vi hiro bng 23. Cho m gam X i qua ng s ng CuO (d) nung nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp Y gm 3 cht hu c v hi nc, khi lng ng s gim 3,2 gam. Cho Y tc dng hon ton vi lng d dd AgNO3 trong NH3, to ra 48,6 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca propan-1-ol trong X l A. 16,3%. B. 83,7%. C. 65,2%. D. 48,9%. Cu 97.( thi HSG 2010-TB) Hn hp X gm ancol metylic v ancol A no, n chc, mch h. Cho 7,6 gam X tc dng vi Na d thu c 1,68 lt H2 (o ktc). Mt khc oxi ha hon ton 7,6 gam X bng CuO nung nng ri cho ton b sn phm thu c tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d thu c 21,6 gam kt ta. Cng thc cu to ca A l A. C2H5OH. B. CH3CH2CH2OH. C. CH3CH(OH)CH3 D. CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3.

Cu 98 (DH-08-B) : Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to thnh 5 lt ru (ancol) etylic 460 l (bit hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 72% v khi lng ring ca ru etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml) A. 5,4 kg B. 5,0 kg C. 6,0 kg D. 4,5 kg Cu 99 (DH-10-A): T 180 gam glucoz, bng phng php ln men ru, thu c a gam ancol etylic (hiu sut 80%). Oxi ho 0,1a gam ancol etylic bng phng php ln men gim, thu c hn hp X. trung ho hn hp X cn 720 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Hiu sut qu trnh ln men gim l A. 90%. B. 10%. C. 80%. D. 20%. Cu 100 (DH-07-A): Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol (ru) etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO2 sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k dung dch X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A. 550. B. 810. C. 650. D. 750. Cu 101(H A- 2009):Ln men a gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch nc vi trong thu c 10 gam kt ta v khi lng dung dch gim 3,4 gam. Tnh a. A. 13,5 g B. 15,0 g C. 20,0 g D. 30,0 g

MT S LU KHI GII TON ANCOL PHENOL. I. Dng 1: Bin lun tm cng thc phn t ancol.

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- Trong ancol (n hoc a) CxHyOz th bao gi chng ta cng c: y 2x + 2 (y lun l s chn) - c bit trong ancol a chc: s nhm OH s nguyn t C. - CTTQ ca ancol no, n chc, mch h l: CnH2n+2O (n 1) II. Dng 2: Gii ton da vo phn ng th nguyn t H trong nhm OH - Cho ancol hoc hn hp ancol tc dng vi Na, K ... thu c mui ancolat v H2. a R(OH)a + aNa R(OH)a + H2 (1) 2 Da vo t l s mol gia ancol v H2 xc nh s lng nhm chc. nH 2 1 = ancol n chc. +) Nu nancol 2 +) Nu +) Nu Lu : +) Nu cho hn hp 2 ancol tc dng vi Na, K m chc. +) Trong phn ng th ca ancol vi Na, K ta lun c: nNa = 2nH 2 +) gii nhanh bi tp dng ny nn p dng cc phng php nh: nh lut bo ton khi lng, phng php tng gim khi lng, phng php trung bnh ... V d: Cho 15,6 gam hn hp 2 ancol n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l: A. CH3OH v C2H5OH B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH C. C3H5OH v C4H7OH D. C3H7OH v C4H9OH Hng dn gii: p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c: 0, 3 = 0,15 mol mancol + mNa = mcht rn + mH 2 mH 2 = 15,6 + 9,2 24,5 = 0,3 (g) nH 2 = 2 Phng trnh phn ng: 2 ROH + 2 Na 2 ROH + H2 0,3 mol 0,15 mol

nH 2 nancol nH 2 nancol

= 1 ancol 2 chc. Nu a chc 3 = ancol 3 chc. 2 nH 2 nancol 1 trong hn hp 2 ancol c 1 ancol a 2

>

M ROH =

15, 6 = 52 M R = 35 0,3

2 ancol k tip l C2H5OH (MR = 29 < 35) v C3H7OH (MR = 34 > 35)III. Dng 3: Gii ton da vo phn ng Phn ng chy ca ancol * t chy ancol no, mch h: 3n + 1 x nCO2 + (n+1) H2O CnH2n+2Ox + 2 Ta lun c:

nH 2O > nCO2 v nancol = nH 2O nCO2* t chy ancol no, n chc, mch h

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CnH2n+2O + Ta lun c:

3n nCO2 + (n+1) H2O 2

nH 2O > nCO 2 v nancol = nH 2O nCO 2

3 nCO 2 2 * Lu : Khi t chy mt ancol (A): - Nu: nH 2O > nCO2 (A) l ancol no: CnH2n+2Ox v nancol = nH 2O nCO2 nO2 phn ng =- Nu: nH 2O = nCO 2 (A) l ancol cha no (c mt lin kt ): CnH2nOx - Nu: nH 2O < nCO2 (A) l ancol cha no c t nht 2 lin kt tr ln: CTTQ: CnH2n+2-2kOx (vi k2) IV. Dng 4: Gii ton da vo phn ng tch H2O 1. Tch nc to anken: xc tc H2SO4 c to 170oC - Nu mt ancol tch nc cho ra 1 anken duy nht ancol l ancol no n chc c s C 2. - Nu mt hn hp 2 ancol tch nc cho ra mt anken duy nht trong hn hp 2 ancol phi c ancol metylic (CH3OH) hoc 2 ancol l ng phn ca nhau. - Ancol bc bao nhiu, tch nc cho ra ti a by nhiu anken khi tch nc mt ancol cho mt anken duy nht th ancol l ancol bc 1 hoc ancol c cu to i xng cao. - Trong phn ng tch nc to anken ta lun c: nancol = nanken = nH 2O

mancol = manken + m H 2O 2. Tch nc to ete: xc tc H2SO4 c to = 140oC n(n + 1) - Tch nc t n phn t ancol cho ra ete, trong c n phn t ete i xng. 2 - Trong phn ng tch nc to ete ta lun c: nancol bi ete hoa = 2 nete = 2 n H 2Omancol = mete + mH 2O- Nu hn hp cc ete sinh ra c s mol bng nhau th hn hp cc ancol ban u cng c s mol bng nhau. * Lu : Trong phn ng tch nc ca ancol X, nu sau phn ng thu c cht hu c Y m: MY < 1 cht hu c Y l anken. dY/X < 1 hay MX dY/X > 1 hay

MY > 1 cht hu c Y l ete. MX

V. ru (ancol). - ru (ancol) l th tch (cm3, ml) ca ancol nguyn cht trong 100 th tch (cm3, ml) dung dch ancol. rou =

Vancol nguyn cht Vdd ancol

.100

- Mun tng ru: thm ancol nguyn cht vo dung dch; mun gim ru: thm nc vo dung dch ancol.

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