chuyên đề man_e và ứng dụng tại vnpt yb

7/30/2019 Chuyn MAN_E v ng dng ti VNPT YB

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HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNGKHOA VIN THNG 1

CHUYN

CNG NGH MAN-E

NG DNG TRN MNG VIN THNG YN BI

Ging vin hng dn: TS. L NHT THNGSinh vin thc hin: PHM HUYN TNG

PHAN VN BNHNGUYN ANH DNG

H Ni - 2013


2/77

Chuyn Mc lc

MC LCDANH MC HNH VDANH MC BNG BIUTHUT NG VIT TT

LI NI UCHNG I : TNG QUAN V CNG NGH MAN-E1.1 TNG QUAN V CNG NGH MNG MAN-E1.2 KIN TRC MNG MAN-E1.3 DCH V MNG MAN-E1.4 KT LUN CHNG ICHNG II : CNG NGH NG DNG CHO MAN-E2.1 TNG QUAN V CNG NGH MNG MAN-E2.2 CNG NGH SDH2.3 CNG NGH WDM

2.4 CNG NGH RPR2.5 CNG NGH THUN ETHERNET2.6 CNG NGH PBT2.7 CNG NGH MPLS2.8 CNG NGH PBB v PBB-TE2.9 KT LUN CHNG IICHNG III: NG DNG CNG NGH MAN-E TI VIN THNG YN BI3.1 IU KIN A L, C IM KINH T X HI CA YN BI3.2 TNG QUAN MNG VIN THNG CA VNPT YN BI3.2.1 H thng chuyn mch

3.2.2 H thng truyn dn3.2.3 H thng xDSL3.3 NG DNG CNG NGH MAN-E TI VIN THNG YN BI3.3.1 Chc nng cu trc ca mng MAN-E theo m hnh VNPT Yn Bi.3.3.2 Cu trc mng MAN-E Yn Bi giai on 2007 - 20083.4 MNG MAN-E GIAI ON 2009 20123.4.1 Mng MAN-E giai on 2009 - 20123.4.2 Mng cp quang3.4.3 M hnh tng qut mng MAN-E Yn Bi nm 20123.4.4 Cu hnh Ring 1

3.4.5 Cu hnh Ring 23.4.6 Cu hnh Ring 33.4.4 Cu hnh Ring 43.5 KT LUN CHNG IIIKT LUN CHUNGTi liu tham kho.

Ging vin hng dn

TS. L Nht Thng

Nhm 13D09TCVT1. Sinh vin thc hin

Phm Huyn Tng

Phan Vn BnhNguyn Anh Dng


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Chuyn Mc lc

DANH MC HNH V

DANH MC BNG BIU


4/77

Chuyn Mc lc

THUT NG VIT TT

ARP Address Resolution Protocol Giao thc phn gii a ch

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode truyn dn khng ng b

ATMARP

ATM Address ResolutionProtocol

Giao thc phn gii a chATM

BGP Border Gateway Protocol Giao thc cng ng bin

CE Customer EquiMAN - Et Thit b pha khch hng

CIR Committe Information Rate Tc thng tin cam ktCoS Class of Service Lp dch v

CR Constrained Routing nh tuyn cng bc

CR-LDP Constrained Routing-LDP nh tuyn cng bc-LDP

CR-LSP Constrained Routing-LSP nh tuyn cng bc-LSP

CSPF Constrained SPF SPF cng bc

DiffServ Differentiated Service dch v c phn bit

DLCI Data Link Connection Identifer Nhn dng kt ni lin kt dliu

DTP Dynamic Trunking Protocol Giao thc trunking ng

EIR Excess Information Rate Tc thng tin ti a

EoMPLS Ethernet over Multiprotocol LabelSwitching

Ethernet qua chuyn mch nhna giao thc

EPL Ethernet Private Line Dch v Ethernet ring im-im

ER Explicit Routing nh tuyn hin

EVC Ethernet Virtual Circuit Knh o Ethernet

FR Frame Relay Chuyn tip khung

FEC Fowarding Equivalent Class Lp chuyn tip tng ng

HSI High Speed Internet Internet tc cao

IETF Internet Engineering Task Force Nhm tc v k thut Internet

IP Internet Protocol Giao thc Internet

IntServ Integrated Service Dch v c tch hp

L2VPN Layer 2 Virtual Private Network Mng ring o lp 2


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Chuyn Mc lc

L3VPN Layer 3 Virtual Private Network Mng ring o lp 3

LAN Local Area Network Mng cc b

LANE LAN Emulation M phng LAN

LDP Label Distribution Protocol Giao thc phn b nhn

LER Label Edge Router Router bin nhn

LIB Label Information Base C s thng tin nhn

LSP Label Switched Path ng dn chuyn mch nhn

LSR Label Switch Router Router chuyn mch nhn

MEF Metro Ethernet Forum Din n Ethernet th

MEN Metro Ethernet Network Mng Ethernet th

MG Media Gateway Cng a phng tinMPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching Chuyn mch nhn a giao

thc

MPOA Multiprotocol Over ATM a giao thc trn ATM

NGN Next Generation Network Mng th h k tip

NHRP Next Hop Resolution Protocol Giao thc phn gii chng ktip

OAM &P Operation Administrative

ManageMAN - Et & Provide

Qun tr, vn hnh v cung cp

OSPF Open Shortest Path First Giao thc ng i ngn nhtu tin

PBB-TE Provider Backbone Bridge -Traffice Engineering

Nh cung cp lu lng ngtrc

PBT Provider Backbone Transport Nh cung cp truyn ti ngtrc

PE Provider Edge Thit b bin ca nh cung cp

PID Protocol Identifier Nhn dng giao thcPNNI Private Network-Network

InterfaceGiao din ring mng mngring o

QoS Quality of Service Cht lng dch v

RESV Resevation Bn tin dnh trc

RFC Request For Comman Yu cu kin

RPR Resilent Packet Ring Vng phc hi gi

RSVP Resource Resevation Protocol Giao thc dnh trc tinguyn

SAN Storage Area Network Mng lu tr


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Chuyn Mc lc

SG Signaling Gateway Cng bo hiu

SPF Shortest Path First ng i ngn nht u tin

STM Synchronous Transmission Mode Ch truyn dn ng b

SVC Signaling Virtual Circuit Knh o bo hiu

TCP Transission Control Protocol Giao thc iu khin truyndn

TGW Traffic Gateway Cng lu lng

T-MPLS Transport MPLS Truyn ti chuyn mch nhna giao thc

TLV Time To Live Thi gian sng

ToS Type of Service Kiu dch v

UDP User Datagram Protocol Giao thc lc d liuUNI User Network Interface Giao din mng ngi dng

VC Virtual Circuit Knh o

VCI Virtual Circuit Identifier Nhn dng knh o

VoD Video on Demand Dch v video theo yu cu

VNPT Vietnam Post &Telecommunications

Tp on BCVT Vit Nam

VLAN Virtual Local Area Network Mng LAN oVP Virtual Path ng o

VPI Virtual Path Identifier Nhn dng ng o

VPN Virtual Private Network Mng ring o

WAN Wide Area Network Mng din rng


7/77

LI NI U

Ngy nay, cng vi s pht trin ca x hi, nhu cu pht trin thng tin ngy

cng cao i hi cp bch vic ci tin v nng cp mng li Vin thng cho ph

hp vi xu th mi. Hin nay nhu cu pht trin cc loi hnh dch v nh thoi,

Internet, Data, cc dch v bng rng, ang ngy mt tng v khng th tch ri cuc

sng ca con ngi. Do vy mng thng tin phi m bo v p ng y v mt

k thut, c bng tn rng, tc cao, h tr nhiu loi hnh dch v phc v i

sng x hi.

Cng vi xu hng pht trin Cng ngh v mng Vin thng trn th gii, Tpon Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam VNPT ang trin khai mnh m mng th h

sau c mng li v phn truy nhp. Tp on VNPT trin khai xy dng mng

MAN-E trn khp cc tnh thnh trong c nc. MAN-E l gii php nhm p

ng yu cu v truyn ti bng rng phc v nhu cu s dng ca khch hng l t

chc, doanh nghip cng nh c nhn.

Vi mong mun c tip cn vi cc loi hnh dch v mi, cc kin trc xy

dng mng mi v ang p dng trin khai trn mng Vin thng VNPT Yn Bi t

nhng nm 2007-2008 v ang c khai thc trn mng ti la chn ti tt

nghip: Cng ngh mng MAN - E v ng dng trn mng Vin thng VNPT Yn

Bi vi nhng ni dung c th sau:

- Chng 1: Tng quan v cng ngh MAN-E (Metro Area Network Ethernet);

Trnh by kin trc mng MAN-E, dch v mng MAN-E, cc thuc tnh ca

dch v mng MAN-E.- Chng 2: Cc cng ngh ng dng cho MAN-E

- Chng 3: ng dng cng ngh MAN-E trn mng Vin thng VNPT Yn Bi

Mc d ht sc c gng nhng cc vn trnh by trong n cha th

mang tnh hon chnh. Rt mong nhn c thm kin ng gp ca cc Thy, c

gio cng cc ng nghip v bn b .

thc hin c n/kha lun ny em xin trn trng cm n thy gio

ThS. Nguyn nh Long, cc thy c gio trong Hc vin Cng ngh Bu Chnh


8/77

Chuyn Li ni u

Vin Thng hng dn em trong sut thi gian hc tp v lm n tt nghip ti

trng. Ti xin cm n cc ng nghip lm Vin thng VNPT Yn Bi cung

cp cho ti nhng s liu c th trn mng Vin thng ca VNPT Yn Bi v bn b

gip , chia s trong thi gian va qua v mong mun tip tc nhn c nhng

tnh cm qu bu trong cuc sng.

H ni, thng 03 nm 2013

Nhm 13 Lp D09TCVT1 8


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CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V CNG NGH MAN-E

1.1 TNG QUAN V CNG NGH V XU HNG PHT TRIN

1.1.1 Gii thiu chung v MAN - E

Mng Ethernet th l mng s dng cng ngh Ethernet, kt ni cc mng cc

b ca cc t chc v c nhn vi mt mng din rng WAN hay vi Internet.

Vic p dng cng ngh Ethernet vo mng cung cp dch v mang li nhiu li

ch cho c nh cung cp dch v ln khch hng. Bn thn cng ngh Ethernet tr

nn quen thuc trong nhng mng LAN ca doanh nghip trong nhiu nm qua; gi

thnh cc b chuyn mch Ethernet tr nn rt thp; bng thng cho php m rng

vi nhng bc nhy ty l nhng u th tuyt i ca Ethernet so vi cc cng

ngh khc. Vi nhng tiu chun v ang c thm vo, Ethernet s mang li mt

gii php mng c tin cy, kh nng m rng v hiu qu cao v chi ph u t.

1.1.2 nh gi v cng ngh mng Metro Ethernet

1.1.2.1 Tnh d s dng

Dch v Ethernet da trn giao din Ethernet chun, dng rng ri trong cc h

thng mng cc b. Hu nh tt c cc thit b v my ch trong LAN u kt nidng Ethernet, v vy m rng vic s dng Ethernet kt ni cc mng cung cp

dch v vi nhau s n gin ha qu trnh hot ng v cc chc nng qun tr, qun

l v cung cp (OAM &P).

1.1.2.2 Hiu qu v chi ph

Dch v Ethernet lm gim chi ph u t v chi ph vn hnh. S ph bin ca

Ethernet trong hu ht tt c cc sn phm mng nn giao din Ethernet c chi ph

khng t. Gi thnh thit b thp, chi ph qun tr v vn hnh thp hn, t tn kmhn nhng dch v cnh tranh khc. Nhiu nh cung cp dch v Ethernet cho php

nhng thu bao tng thm bng thng mt cch kh mm do, cho php thu bao thm

bng thng khi cn thit v h ch tr cho nhng g h cn.

1.1.2.3 Tnh linh hot

Dch v Ethernet cho php nhng thu bao thit lp mng ca h theo nhng

cch hoc l phc tp hn hoc l khng th thc hin vi cc dch v truyn thng

khc. V d: mt cng ty thu mt giao tip Ethernet n c th kt ni nhiu mng v tr khc nhau thnh lp mt Intranet VPN ca h, kt ni nhng i tc kinh


10/77

Chuyn Chng 1: Tng quan v Cng ngh MAN-E

doanh thnh Extranet VPN hoc kt ni Internet tc cao n ISP. Vi dch v

Ethenet, cc thu bao cng c th thm vo hoc thay i bng thng trong vi pht

thay v trong vi ngy ngy hoc thm ch vi tun khi s dng nhng dch v mng

truy nhp khc (Frame relay, ATM,). Ngoi ra, nhng thay i ny khng i hi

thu bao phi mua thit b mi hay ISP c cn b k thut n kim tra, h tr ti ch.1.1.2.4 Tnh chun ha

MEF ang tip tc nh ngha v chun ha cc loi dch v v cc thuc tnh

ny, cho php cc nh cung cp dch v c kh nng trao i gii php ca h mt

cch r rng, cc thu bao c th hiu v so snh cc dch v mt cch tt hn.

1.1.3 ng dng mng MAN - E

H tr nhiu loi ng dng v dch v thuc th h mng k tip. Di y l

mt s ng dng tiu biu:

- Kt ni gia cc LAN

- Truyn ti a ng dng

- Mng ring o Metro

- Kt ni im - im tc cao

- Mng lu tr

- LAN Video/Video Training

- CAD/CAM

- Cc ng dng sao lu d phng

- Truyn s liu Y t

- Hnh nh

- Scientific Modeling

- Streaming Media

- Server Backup

- Cc ng dng Back-end Server

- Cc ng dng lu tr (iSCSI)

1.1.4 Cc xu hng cng ngh pht trin mng MAN - E v ng dng

1.1.4.1 Xu hng pht trin cng ngh mng MAN - E

c th ng dng Ethernet vo h tng mng vin thng, rt nhiu cng ngh

truyn ti c nghin cu, th nghim. Nhng ni bt ln hin nay l cc cng

ngh sau:- MPLS



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- T-MPLS

- PBB-TE

Hnh v 1.1 minh ha xu hng pht trin cng ngh mng MAN - E

H

nh 1. 1 Xu hng pht trin cng ngh MAN-E

1.1.4.2 Xu hng dch v tc cao

Mng MAN - E c nghin cu trin khai vi mc ch ch yu l cung cp h

tng m bo cho cc dch v yu cu bng thng ln, tc cao, mm do trong qun

l. Vi kh nng bng thng c th c cp pht dao ng t khong 1Mbps n

10Gps, Ethernet cho php ngi dng ti u ha ngun lc trong vic pht tin mng

ca ring mnh.

Di y l lit k mt s dch v c cho l cn c tc cao:

- Truy nhp Internet tc cao

- Mng lu tr

- Cc mng ring o lp 2 (L2VPN)

- Cc dch v gi tr gia tng

- Dch v LAN trong sut

- VoIP

- H tng ng trc mng th

- LAN - FR/ATM VPN

- Extranet

- LAN kt ni n cc ti nguyn mng



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1.2 KIN TRC MNG MAN - E

1.3 DCH V MNG MAN - E

1.3.1 Tng quan dch v mng MAN - E

1.3.1.1 Gii thiu chung v dch v mng MAN - E

Bn thn Ethernet l cung cp kt ni ch khng phi dch v. Vi s xut hin

cc dch v Metro Ethernet, cc nh cung cp dch v bt u dng cng ngh kt ni

Ethernet cung cp cc dch v Ethernet. V vy, cc dch v MAN - E cng dng

ti thut ng thuc tnh dch v ging nh cc dch v MAN/WAN.

Hnh 1. 2 M hnh dch v MAN - E

Di y l mt s thut ng lin quan ti mng MAN - E

CE l thit b pha khch hng. CE kt ni ti MAN - E ti UNI dng cc khung

Ethernet chun.CE c th l:

Router

IEEE 802.1Q bridge (switch)

UNI l giao din mng gia nh cung cp v khch hng L bin gia mng

khch hng v nh cung cp. c cung cp bi nh cung cp Tun theo chun IEEE

802.3 Ethernet PHY and MAC.

Giao din vt l vi tc c th l 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1Gbps hoc 10GbpsMAN - E: c th dng nhiu cng ngh phn phi dch v v vn chuyn khc nhau :

SONET/SDH, WDM, RPR, MAC-in-MAC, Q-in-Q, MPLS...

EVC l s kt hp ca 2 hay nhiu UNI. Ni theo cch khc, EVC l ng hm

logical kt ni 2 hay nhiu sites cho php truyn cc khung Ethernet gia chng. EVC

cng hot ng nh l s tch bit gia cc khch hng khc nhau, cung cp tnh ring

bit d liu v bo mt nh l Frame Relay hay l ATM PVCs. C 3 kiu EVC:

im - im EVC:



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Hnh 1. 3 EVC im-im

Hnh 1. 4 EVC a im-a im

Hnh 1. 5 EVC im-a im

1.3.1.2 Cc kiu dch v mng MAN - E

Cc kiu dch v mng MAN - E bao gm: dch v kt ni, dch v ng dng

- Dch v kt ni: Cc loi dch v kt ni tng ng vi cc loi EVC k trn



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+ Dch v im - im (Point-to-Point)

+ Dch v a im - a im (Multipoint-to-Multipoint)

+ Dch v im - a im (Point-to-Multipoint)

- Dch v ng dng:+ Dch v cho doanh nghip: Carrier Ethernet c th tha mn nhng nhu cu mi

ca doanh nghip nh: Cung cp cc dch v cht lng cao, kt ni Gigabit gia

cc doanh nghip, tch hp trung tm d liu, kt ni doanh nghip vi khch

hng v nh cung cp, thit lp mng ring o, gii php lu tr v khi phc

thm ha, truy cp Internet m bo tc multi-megabit, video conferencing &

broadcast, in thoi doanh nghip, tch hp thoi - d liu - hnh nh, thay th

dch v DS3, h tr cc dch v ghp knh phn chia theo thi gian.

+ Dch v Triple Play: Truyn ti d liu, thoi v phim nh trn mt mng IP vi

cht lng cao.

+ Dch v di ng: Cung cp Wireless Backhaul, truy cp Wi-fi, c s h tng cho

Wimax, 3G v wireless th h sau, cc dch v d liu th h sau, nh phn gii

cao, video khng dy, gaming...

1.3.1.3 Phn loi dch v ca MEF

Theo Metro Ethernet Forum, tng ng vi cc kiu EVC dch v mng MAN -E gm cc kiu:

- E-LINE

- E-LAN

- E-TREE

Da trn phng php nhn dng ti UNI, MEF phn chia dch v thnh cc

kiu khc nhau. Cc dch v da trn cng UNI (tt c c tp hp vo mt) cnh ngha l "ring". Cc dch v da trn VLAN (ti UNI l a dch v) c nh

ngha l "o".

Di y l s phn loi cc dch v da trn EVC, UNI:

1.3.2 Dch v E-LINE

Dch v E-LINE da trn mt kt ni o (EVC) im - im. Dch v E-LINE

c s dng cung cp cc dch v Ethernet im - im.

Dch v E-LINE c th cung cp bng thng i xng cho d liu gi nhn trn

hai hng m khng c vic m bo tc gia hai UNI



15/77


E-LINE c th cung cp cam kt m bo tc .

E-LINE cho php ghp dch v. Vic ghp dch v c th din ra ti mt hoc

hai UNI.

Hnh 1. 6 E-LINE s dng EVC im - im

1.3.2.1 Dch v Ethernet Private Line (EPL)

Dch v EPL l mt dng ca dch v E-LINE. Dch v EPL s dng mt EVC

im-im gia hai UNI. EPL cung cp trong sut ca cc khung dch v gia cc

UNI tc l khi khung dch v c truyn i th mo u ca khung dch v v d liu

c ch ra ti c UNI ngun v UNI ch. y l cu trc c bn ca dch v EPL.

Hnh 1. 7 Dch v EPL

Dch v EPL khng cho php ghp dch v, mt UNI chuyn dng c s dng

cho dch v ny. V EPL cung cp trong sut ca dch v nn s khng c s phi

hp gia thu bao v nh cung cp trn mt lin kt CE-VLAN ID/EVC v tt c cc

khung dch v c ghp ti mt EVC ti UNI.



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1.3.2.2 Dch v Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL)

Dch v EVPL l mt kiu dch v E-LINE. Dch v EPL c s dng cung

cp cc dch v tng t nh dch v EPL tr mt s ngoi l. Th nht, dch v

EVPL cho php ghp dch v ti UNI. iu ngha l nhiu EVC c to ra ti

UNI trong khi EPL khng cho php. Th hai, mt EVPL khng cung cp trong sut

khung dch v cao nh dch v EPL bi v khi ghp dch v th mt s khung dch v

c th c gi ti mt EVC trong khi mt s khung dch v khc c th c gi ti

cc EVC khc. Hnh v 1.10 ch ra cu trc c bn ca dch v EVPL.

Hnh 1. 8 Dch v EVPL (Ethernet Virtual Private Line)

1.3.3 Dch v E-LAN

Cc dch v cung cp kt ni Ethernet o, dng a im a im c th c

gi l dng Ethernet LAN (E-LAN). Dch v E-LAN c minh ha nh Hnh 1.11:

UNIUNI

UNIUNI

Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVC

Metro EthernetNetwork

UNIUNI

UNIUNI

Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVC


Hnh 1. 9 Dch v E-LAN s dng EVC a im-a im

Kiu dch v Ethernet LAN cung cp kt ni a im, tc l n c th kt ni 2

hoc hn nhiu UNIs. D liu ca thu bao c gi t mt UNI c th c nhn timt hoc nhiu d liu ca UNIs khc.



17/77


Mi site (UNI) c kt ni vi mt multipoint EVC. Khi nhng site mi

(UNIs) c thm vo, chng s c lin kt vi multipoint EVC nu trn do vy

nn n gin ha vic cung cp v kch hot dch v. Theo quan im ca thu bao,

dch v E-LAN lm cho MAN - E trng ging mt mng LAN o.

Dch v E-LAN c th s dng to mt s lng ln cc dch v. Trng hpn gin nht, dch v E-LAN c th cung cp mt dch v "best effort" m khng c

yu cu m bo gia cc UNI. Ngoi ra dch v E-LAN Service c th cung cp mt

CIR, kt hp CBS, EIR vi EBS (xem phn Bandwidth Profile sau) v tr, jitter,

v tn tht khung.

i vi kiu dch v E-LAN, ghp dch v c th din ra ti khng, mt hoc

nhiu UNI trong EVC. V d, kiu dch v E-LAN v kiu dch v E-LINE c th

ghp dch v ti cng UNI. Khi , dch v E-LAN c th c s dng kt ni vicc v tr thu bao khc, trong khi dch v E-LINE c s dng kt ni ti Internet

vi c hai dch v.

1.3.3.1 Dch v Ethernet Private LAN (EP-LAN)

Cc thu bao vi nhiu v tr thng mun kt ni cc v tr vi nhau vi tc

cao (cc v tr nh l mt mng LAN). thc hin c yu cu ny, dch v EP-

LAN c nh ngha. Dch v EP-LAN l mt dng ca dch v E-LAN.

Dch v EP-LAN c nh ngha cung cp vic duy tr th CE-VLAN vng hm ca giao thc iu khin lp 2. u im ca vic ny l thu bao c th cu

hnh cc VLAN ngang qua cc v tr m khng cn phi phi hp vi cc nh cung cp.

Mi giao din c cu hnh cho "all to one bundling" do , EP-LAN h tr vic duy

tr ID ca CE-VLAN. Thm na, EP-LAN cn h tr vic duy tr CoS ca CE-VLAN.

Hnh 1.12 l cu trc c bn ca dch v EP-LAN.



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Hnh 1. 10 Dch v EP-LAN

1.3.3.2 Dch v Ethernet Virtual Private LAN (EVP-LAN)

Mt s thu bao mun dch v E-LAN kt ni cc UNI ca h trong mng

th v ti cng thi im t mt hoc nhiu UNI ca h mun truy cp ti cc dch

v khc. V d mt UNI l mt v tr thu bao mun truy cp ti mt dch v IP cng

cng hoc IP ring t mt UNI m c dng cho dch v E-LAN gia cc thu bao

khc trong mng Metro. Dch v EVP-LAN c nh ngha p ng yu cu ny.

Ghp trn UNI c th c s dng hoc khng s dng trong EVC a im-a

im. Tc l vic duy tr th CE-VLAN v ng hm ca giao thc iu khin lp

hai c th c cung cp hoc khng c cung cp.

Hnh v 1.13 m t cu trc c bn ca dch v EVP-LAN trong khch hng s

dng mt dch v EVP-LAN (EVC mu ) cung cp kt ni d liu a im v mt

dch v EVPL (EVC mu xanh) truy cp dch v value-add t mt UNI

.

Hnh 1. 11 Dch v EVP-LAN (Ethernet Virtual Private LAN)

1.3.4 Dch v E-TREE

Cc dch v cung cp kt ni Ethernet o, dng im a im (nh ngha theo

MEF) c th c gi l dng Ethernet Tree (E-Tree). Dch v E-Tree c mt im

gc v nhiu im l nhn thng tin hoc gi thng tin t/n gc (Hnh 1.14).

Leaf UNI

RootedMultipoint EVC


Root UNI

Leaf UNILeaf UNI

Leaf UNI

Root UNI

Leaf UNI

RootedMultipoint EVC


Root UNI

Leaf UNILeaf UNI

Leaf UNI

Root UNI



19/77


Hnh 1. 12 Dch v E-Tree s dng Rooted-Multipoint EVC

Mi nt l UNI ch c th trao i vi nt gc UNI. Cc bn tin dch v c

gi t mi nt l UNI m c a ch thuc v nt l UNI khc s khng c truyn

qua h thng (loi b khi i vo bin ca mng). Dch v E-Tree thch hp cho trin

khai cung cp truy nhp Internet hoc video theo yu cu trin khai dng Multicasthoc Broadcast.

Mt dng m rng khc ca dch v E-Tree l c th h tr t 2 hoc nhiu hn

s lng nt gc UNI. Trong trng hp ny, mi nt l UNI vn ch c th trao i

d liu vi mt nt gc UNI. Cc nt gc UNI c th trao i d liu vi nhau h

tr kh nng d phng.

Root UNI

Rooted-Multipoint EVC

Root UNI

To Leaf UNIs

Hnh 1. 13 Dch v E-Tree

Vi mt dch v E-Tree, kh nng ghp dch v c th khng hoc c thc hin

ti mt hoc nhiu cng UNI trong EVC. V d, mt dch v EVC dng E-Tree c th

c ghp chung vi mt dch v EVC dng E-Line im im ti cng UNI cung

cp cho ngi dng. Ti y, dch v E-Tree c th c cung cp cho truy cp ti

ISP c d phng (E-Tree nhiu nt gc); dch v E-Line dng truy cp vo mng

ring o truyn s liu.

1.3.4.1 Dch v Ethernet Private Tree - EP-Tree



20/77


Hnh 1. 14 Dch v EP-Tree

Thu bao vi nhiu site c th c yu cu cung cp kt ni gia cc site, cung

cp dch v khng ch theo hng s dng LAN. S c mt vi site lm im gc cung

cp dch v, cc site khc c gn vai tr l im l nhn dch v.

Dch v EP-Tree yu cu gi nguyn th VLAN ca khch hng v ng gi cc

giao thc c bn lp 2. Vi tnh nng ny, khch hng c th t cu hnh VLAN gia

cc site m khng phi c s h tr t nh cung cp dch v. Kh nng ny c thc

hin qua vic cu hnh mi giao din c th ghp dch v. Hnh v 1.16 m t cu trc

c bn ca dch v EP-Tree.

1.3.4.2 Dch v Ethernet Virtual Private Tree - EVP-Tree

C cc thu bao c nhu cu s dng dch v c cung cp dng cy trong ni

b mng. Trong trng hp ny, mi im l trong kt ni cy cn c gn hoc kt

ni vi mt im l (hoc) gc c th. Mi giao din UNI cng c th cung cp dch

v khc nh EVPL hoc EVP-LAN. M hnh ny gi l m hnh dch v EVP-Tree,

cy Ethernet ring o.

Ti cc UNI trong dch v c th khng h tr hoc c h tr gom dch v. C

ngha l th CE-VLAN hoc cc giao thc c th ca lp 2 c th c bo ton hoc

khng khi truyn qua mng. Hnh 1.17 m t cu trc ca dch v EVP-Tree. Trong v

d ny, khch hng c s dng dch v EVP-LAN () cho vic kt ni truyn d liugia cc UNI. Dch v EVP-Tree (xanh) s dng cung cp video dng qung b

trong ni b.



21/77


Hnh 1. 15 Dch v EVP-Tree (Ethernet Virtual Private Tree)



22/77


1.4 KT LUN CHNG 1

Mng Metro Ethernet hin v ang c pht trin rt mnh bi nhiu t chc

chun ha nh IETF, IEEE hay cc hng cng ngh. Tuy nhin, tt c cc cng ngh

u phi tun th cc khuyn ngh ca Metro Ethernet Forum. Cc khuyn ngh MEF1

cho n MEF21 m t rt chi tit cc yu cu cho dch v mng Metro Ethernet,

yu cu v m hnh pht trin mng, qun tr h thng.

Cc cng ngh ng dng cho mng Metro Ethernet c nhiu hng pht trin

nhng tp trung ch yu vo cc xu hng:

S dng MPLS vi nhng c ch iu khin lu lng truyn ti cc bn tin

Ethernet.

S dng Ethernet - in hnh l PBT - vi nhng ci tin v nh tuyn, cht

lng dch v xy dng mng.

Ci tin MPLS truyn ti d liu mng.

Cc ng dng, dch v trn nn mng Metro Ethernet c c im chung l bng

thng rng, tc cao. Nhng tu chung li u quy v cc loi hnh im im, a

im a im, s dng h tng mng cp quang m bo v tc , cht lng

dch v.

Loi hnh dch v im im tng ng vi cc dch v truyn thng nh knhthu ring, frame relay hoc vi nhng loi hnh dch v mi nh Internet tc cao,

a dch v (Triple play). Ngoi ra, vi kh nng tng bng thng theo 1 Mbps, nh

cung cp c th a ra nhng dch v ph hp vi yu cu ca ngi dng.

Cc dch v trong MAN - E c m bo cht lng dch v theo nhng cam

kt cht lng Service Level Agree MAN - Et - SLA. Vi nhng cam kt v CIR,

PIR hoc thi gian li, cht lng dch v trong MAN - E cao hn rt nhiu so vi

nhng mng truyn thng nh SONET/SDH.

chng tip theo s cp n cc cng ngh ng dng cho MAN-E.



23/77

CHNG 2: CNG NGH NG DNG CHO MAN-E

2.1 TNG QUAN V CNG NGH MNG MAN - E

Mng MAN - E lm chc nng thu gom lu lng ca cc thit b mng truy

nhp (MSAN, IP-DSLAM), lu lng cc khch hng kt ni trc tip vo mng

MAN chuyn ti lu lng trong ni tnh, ng thi k ni ln mng trc IP/MPLS

chuyn lu lng i lin tnh, quc t.

Cc cng ngh cho mng MAN - E hin ti gm c:

- Cng ngh SDH

- Cng ngh WDM- Cng ngh thun Ethernet

- Cng ngh MPLS

- Cng ngh RPR

- Cng ngh PBT (Provider Backbone Transport)

- Cng ngh T-MPLS

Vic la chn cng ngh mng trin khai ph thuc vo rt nhiu yu t.Chng ny s trnh by cc c im, u nhc im, kh nng p dng ca tng

cng ngh.

2.1.1 Cng ngh SDH

2.1.1.1 Tng quan:

Cng ngh SDH c xy dng trn c s h thng phn cp ghp knh ng b

TDM vi cu trc phn cp ghp knh STM-N cho php cung cp cc giao din truyn

dn vi tc ln t vi Mbits/s ti vi Gigabits/s.

c tnh ghp knh TDM v phn cp ghp knh ng b ca cng ngh SDH

cho php cung cp cc knh truyn dn c bng thng c nh vi tin cy cao bng

vic p dng cc c ch phc hi v bo v, c ch qun l h thng.

T trc ti nay cng ngh truyn dn SDH c xy dng ch yu cho vic

yu cho vic ti u truyn ti lu lng thoi. Tuy nhin, trong nhng nm gn y th

nhu cu s dng cc loi hnh dch v truyn d liu tng ln rt nhiu v c xu hng

chuyn dn lu lng ca cc dch v thoi sang truyn ti theo cc giao thc truyn


24/77

Chuyn Chng 2: Cng ngh ng dng cho MAN-E

d liu (v d nh dch v thoi qua IP (VoIP).. Trong khi , cc c s h tng mng

SDH hin c kh c kh nng p ng nhu cu truyn ti lu lng gia tng trong

tng lai gn. Do vy yu cu t ra l cn phi c mt c s h tng truyn ti mi

c th ng thi truyn ti trn n lu lng ca h thng SDH hin c v lu lng

ca cc loi hnh dch v mi khi chng c trin khai. chnh l l do ca vichnh thnh mt hng mi ca cng ngh SDH, l SDH th h k tip SDH-NG.

Cng ngh SDH-NG c tp hp chung trong mt khi nim l truyn d

liu qua mng SDH DoS. DoS l c cu truyn ti lu lng cung cp mt s chc

nng v cc giao din nhm mc ch tng hiu qu ca vic truyn d liu qua mng

SDH. Mc tiu quan trng nht m cc hng cng ngh ni trn cn phi thc hin

c l phi hp h tr ln nhau thc hin chc nng ci t/ch nh bng

thng cho cc dch v mt cch hiu qu m khng nh hng ti lu lng ang

c truyn qua mng SDH hin ti. Thm vo , SDH-NG cung cp chc nng m

bo cht lng dch v QoS vi mc chp nhn no cho cc loi hnh dch v

mi, mm do v linh hot trong vic h tr truyn ti lu lng truyn ti bi cc

giao thc khc nhau qua mng. C cu ca DoS bao gm 3 giao thc chnh: Th tc

ng khung tng qut GFR (generic framing procedure), k thut lin kt chui o VC

(virtual concatenation) v c cu iu chnh dung lng ng thng LCAS (link

capacity adjustMAN - Et scheme). C 3 giao thc ny c ITU-T chun ho ln

lt bi cc tiu chun G.7041/Y.1303, G.707, G.7042/Y.1305. Giao thc GFP cungcp th tc ng gi khung d liu cho cc dng lu lng khc nhau (Ethernet,

IP/PPP, RPR, knh quang) vo cc phng tin truyn dn TDM nh l SDH hoc

h thng truyn ti quang OTN (optical transport network). Giao thc VC cung cp

nhng th tc ci t bng thng cho knh kt ni mm do hn so vi nhng th tc

p dng trong h thng truyn dn TDM trc . Giao thc LCAS cung cp th tc

bo hiu u cui ti u cui thc hin chc nng iu chnh ng dung lng

bng thng cho cc kt ni khi s dng VC trong kt ni SDH.

2.1.1.2. u im Nhc im

u im Nhc im

Cung cp cc kt ni c bng

thng c nh cho khch hng

tin cy ca knh truyn

dn cao, tr truyn ti thng tin

nh.

Cc giao din truyn dn

Cng ngh SDH c xy dng nhm mc

ch ti u cho truyn ti lu lng chuyn

mch knh, khng ph hp vi truyn ti lu

lng chuyn mch gi.

Do cu trc ghp knh phn cp nn cn

nhiu cp thit b ghp tch, phn chia giao

din n khch hng.



25/77


u im Nhc im

c chun ha v tng thch

vi nhiu thit b trn mng.

Thun tin cho kt ni truyn

dn im -im

Qun l d dng

Cng ngh c chun ha

Thit b c trin khai

rng ri

Kh nng nng cp khng linh hot v gi

thnh nng cp l tng i t.

Khng ph hp vi t chc mng theo cu

trc Mesh.

Kh trin khai cc dch v ng dng

Multicast

Dung lng bng thng ginh cho bo v

v phc hi ln

Phng thc cung cp kt ni phc tp,

thi gian cung ng kt ni di

2.1.2 Cng ngh WDM

2.1.2.1. Tng quan

WDM l cng ngh truyn ti trn si quang xy dng v pht trin t nhng

nm 90 ca th k trc. WDM cho php truyn ti cc lung thng tin s tc rt

cao (theo l thuyt dung lng truyn ti tng cng c th n hng chc ngn

Gigabt/s). Nguyn l c bn ca cng ngh ny l thc hin truyn ng thi cc tn

hiu quang thuc nhiu bc sng khc nhau trn mt si quang. Bng tn truyn ti

thch hp trn si quang c phn chia thnh nhng bc sng chun vi khong

cch thch hp gia cc bc sng ( c chun ha bi tiu chun G.692 ca ITU-

T), mi bc sng c th truyn ti mt lung thng tin c tc ln (chng hn

lung thng tin s tc 10Gbt/s). Do , cng ngh WDM cho php xy dng

nhng h thng truyn ti thng tin quang c dung lng gp nhiu ln so vi h

thng thng tin quang n bc sng. Hin ti, sn phm v cc h thng truyn dn

WDM c sn xut bi nhiu hng sn xut thit b Vin thng v c trinkhai trn mng ca nhiu nh cung cp dch v Vin thng trn th gii.

2.1.2.2. u im - Nhc im:

u im Nhc im

Cung cp cc h thng truyn ti quang c

dung lng ln, p ng c cc yu cu bng

n lu lng ca cc loi hnh dch v.

Nng cao nng lc truyn dn cc si quang,tn dng kh nng truyn ti ca h thng cp

Gi thnh thit b mng cao



26/77


u im Nhc im

quang c xy dng.

2.1.3 Cng ngh RPR

2.1.3.1 Tng quan

Cng ngh RPR l cng ngh mng c xy dng nhm p ng nhng yu

cu v truyn ti lu lng dng d liu trong mng ring. Cng ngh Ethernet v cng

ngh SDH thc hin c lp u khng p ng c nhu cu truyn d liu trong

mng Ring; SDH c nhiu u im khi xy dng mng theo cu trc Ring nhng li

km hiu qu khi truyn ti lu lng dng d liu. Ethernet c th truyn ti lu

lng dng d liu mt cch hiu qu nhng li kh trin khai vi cu trc mng ring.

Cng ngh RPR ra i khc phc nhng nhc im ca hai cng ngh ny.

im ch yu ca cng ngh RPR l n kin to giao thc mi phn lp

MAC. Giao thc ny c p dng nhm mc ch ti u ho vic qun l bng thng

v hiu qu cho vic trin khai cc dch v truyn d liu trn vng ring.

RPR s dng vng song hng gm 2 si quang truyn ngc chiu i xng

nhau. Mt vng c gi l vng ngoi (Outer ring), vng kia c gi l vng trong

(Inner ring). Hai vng c th ng thi s dng truyn d liu v thng tin iu

khin.

Khi c li node hay lin kt xy ra trn vng si quang, RPR thc hin chuyn

mch bo v thng minh i hng lu lng i xa khi ni b li vi tin cy

t ti thi gian nh hn 50 ms. Vic thc hin kh nng t phc hi da trn c s

hai phng thc: phng thc STEERING v phng thc WRAPPING. Cc nt

mng RPR trong vng ring c th thu cc gi tin c a ch ho gi n nt bi

chc nng DROP v chn cc gi tin gi t nt vo trong vng ring bi chc nng

ADD. Cc gi tin khng phi a ch ca nt s c chuyn qua. Mt trong nhng

chc nng quan trng na ca RPR l lu lng trong vng ring s c truyn titheo 3 mc u tin l high, medium, low tng ng vi 3 mc cht lng dch v QoS

(quanlity of service). Hin ti giao thc RPR c chun ho trong tiu chun IEEE

803.17 ca Vin k thut in v in t Hoa K.

2.1.3.2 u im - Nhc im

u im Nhc im

Thch hp cho vic truyn ti lu lng

d liu vi cu trc ring

Hiu sut s dng dung lng bng

Gi thnh thit hin ti cn kh

t

RPR ch thc hin chc nng t



27/77


u im Nhc im

thng ln do thc hin nguyn tc ghp

knh thng k v dng chung bng thng

H tr trin khai cc dch v MulticastQun l n gin do mng c cu

hnh mt cch t dng

Cung cp kt ni vi nhiu mc SLA

khc nhau

Phng thc cung cp kt ni nhanh,

n gin.

phc hi trong cu trc vng ring n.

Vi cu trc ring lin kt th khi c s

c ti nt lin kt cc ring vi nhau

RPR khng thc hin c chc nng

phc hi lu lng ca cc kt ni

thng qua nt mng lin kt ring.

Cng ngh mi c chun ho

do vy kh nng tng thch vi thit

b ca cc hng khc khng cao.

2.1.4 Cng ngh thun Ethernet

2.1.4.1 Tng quan

Cng ngh Ethernet c xy dng v chun ho thc hin cc chc nng

ca lp vt l v lp lin kt d liu. Cng ngh Ethernet h tr hiu qu vic cung

cp dch v kt ni im - im vi cu trc topo mng ph bin kiu ring v hub and

spoke.

Vi cng ngh ng gi VLAN (VLAN Stacking, VLAN Tunneling) d liu ca

khch hng c th c phn chia c lp vi nhng i tng d liu khc.

Trong cng ngh Q-in-Q (802.1ad), bn cnh trng VLAN Tagging 12 bit

truyn thng (802.1q), nh cung cp dch v Metro Ethernet s b sung thm mt

trng VLAN tagging 12 bit th 2 phn bit cc bn tin trong mi trng ca nh

cung cp v bn tin trong mi trng ca khch hng. Cng ngh Q-in-Q n gin

nhng vn m bo c phn no nhng yu cu t ra v cht lng dch v. S

dng 3 bit trong trng CoS cho php phn chia c 8 loi yu cu cht lng dch

v khc nhau, c kh nng kim sot lu lng kh linh hot, p ng c nhng

yu cu t ra cho mt h thng mng chuyn mch gi. Cc gi tin c th c nh

du ty theo dch v hoc ty theo khch hng. Trng CoS cho php c th nh x 1-

1 vi 3 bit IP Precedence hoc mt phn vi 6 bit DSCP.

Trong h thng mng cung cp dch v Metro, Ethernet c s dng nh mt

cng ngh thay th cho ATM v Frame Relay. Cc ch s ATM PVI, VCI c thay

th bng VLAN tag. Ngoi ra, vi bn cht truyn a im, Ethernet cn c kh nngcung cp dch v kt ni a im a im m ATM v Frame Relay khng cung cp



28/77


c. Hn ch ln nht ca h thng mng Metro Ethernet da trn VLAN l gii hn

4096 VLAN tag. Nu mi khch hng s dng 1 VLAN-ID th mi vng mng ch c

th cung cp ti a 4096 ng kt ni. Vi gii php Q-in-Q, khi chn thm mt

trng VLAN tag trong bn tin ca nh cung cp, ti a, c th cung cp ti 1677216

nhn dch v.2.1.4.2 Chun Q-in-Q (802.1ad)

Cng ngh Metro Ethernet ngy cng pht trin, nhng chun 802.1Q VLAN

lm hn ch s lng VLAN (hn ch cung cp dch v ti ngi dng) do th VLAN

nh ngha trong IEEE 802,1Q ch c 12 bit. V vy, khng gian a ch ca n ch c

4096, khng p ng khi s lng ngi s dng ngy cng tng. V Q-in-Q c

a ra gii quyt c vn ny.

Q-in-Q c thit k m rng s VLAN bng cch thm vo gi 1 th VLAN802.1Q. Vi phn m rng th, s VLAN ch ra tng ln n s lng xp x 16 triu

VLAN. Th VLAN bn trong cng ngh Q-in-Q c hai phn: Phn bn trong v phn

bn ngoi.

Phn bn trong th dng ch ngi s dng.

Phn bn ngoi ch dch v.

nh dng ca gi tin Q-in-Q

Hnh 2. 1 Cu trc bn tin Q-in-Q

Bn tin Q-in-Q c to ra t bn tin 802.1Q bng cch chn thm 4 byte nh

du vo sau cc trng a ch DA, SA. Gi tr ETYPE c thit lp ty theo tng

hng, mc nh l 0x8100.

2.1.4.3 ng gi Q-in-Q

Vic ng gi Q-in-Q c th c thc hin ti UPE - ti DSLAM hoc ti cc

thit b chuyn mch Metro, ty theo tng cu hnh mng. Vic ng gi ny cchia lm 3 loi:



29/77


ng gi theo cng

ng gi theo lu lng.

ng gi theo giao din

ng gi theo cng: ng gi Q-in-Q da trn cng l ng gi tt c cc lulng n mt cng no vi th VLAN bn ngoi. Ch ny khng mm do.

ng gi theo lu lng: Trong ch ng gi da trn lu lng, thit b

phn loi lu lng d liu n ca mt cng no . Sau , n quyt nh dng th

bn ngoi cho mi loi lu lng. Trong ch ny, Q-in-Q c gi l Q-in-Q chn

lc (selective Q-in-Q). Q-in-Q chn lc c phn loi bi da trn s phn loi lu

lng sau:

ng gi theo giao din: Thng thng, qu trnh ng gi gi tin Q-in-Q cthc hin trn cng chuyn mch. Trong trng hp, truyn d liu ngi dng thng

qua mng li bi VLL/PWE3, th cc subinterface trn NPE c th ng gi VLAN

bn ngoi da trn th VLAN v truy nhp VLL/PWE3 thng qua th VLAN. Trong

ch ny, nhiu VLAN ca nhiu ngi dng c th c truyn dn trong sut

thng qua subinterface, v c gi l QinQ Stacking subinterface.

y cng l mt ch ng gi da trn lu lng. Ch ny hu ch khi

QinQ Stacking subinterface c dng vi L2VPN (PWE3/VLL/VPLS). Trong ch

ny, chuyn tip lp 3 khng h tr.

2.1.4.4 Kt cui Q-in-Q

Kt cui Q-in-Q l im ti nhn VLAN ngoi v trong c nhn dng, ty

theo chnh sch chuyn tip gi tin m loi b nhn hoc chuyn tip gi tin. Khi s

dng Q-in-Q kt ni ln mng li, phng thc thc hin s ty theo cu hnh mng

m c s thay i.

Ti im bin ca mng li, kt cui Q-in-Q c thc hin trn sub-interfaceca Router kt ni, thng c gi l giao din con kt cui Q-in-Q. Giao din ny

tng t vi cc giao din VLAN ngoi tr l giao din VLAN x l 01 nhn VLAN,

cn giao din kt cui Q-in-Q th x l 02 nhn VLAN.

2.1.4.5 u im - Nhc im

u im Nhc im- Giao din Ethernet c s

dng ph bin trong cc hthng mng LAN, hu nh tt

cc cc thit b v my ch

- Cng ngh Ethernet ph hp vi cu trc

mng theu kiu Hub (cu trc t - p hnhcy) m khng ph hp vi cu trc mng

ring. iu ny xut pht t vic cng ngh



30/77


trong mng LAN s dng kt

ni Ethernet.

- Chi ph u t thp

- Hu ht cc giao thc, giao

din truyn ti ng dng trongcng ngh Ethernet c

chun ho (h giao thc IEEE

802.3). Phn ln cc thit b

mng Ethernet ca cc nh

sn xut u tun theo cc

tiu chun trong h tiu chun

trn. Vic chun ho ny to

iu kin kt ni d dng,

tng thch kt ni gia cc

nh sn xut thit b khc

nhau cao

- Qun l n gin

Ethernet thc hin chc nng nh tuyn

trn c s thut ton nh tuyn chng lp

phn on hnh cy (spanning-tree-

algorithm);.C th l thut ton nh tuyn

phn on hnh cy trong nhiu trng hps thc hin chn mt vi phn on tuyn

trong ring, iu ny s lm gim dung

lng bng thng lm vic ca vng ring.

- Thi gian thc hin bo v phc hi ln.

iu ny cng xut pht t nguyn nhn l

thut ton nh tuyn phn on hnh cy c

thi gian hi t di hn nhiu so vi thi

gian hi phc i vi c ch bo v ca

vng ring (tiu chun l 50 ms).

- Khng ph hp cho vic truyn ti ng

dng c c tnh lu lng thi gian thc

- Cha thc hin chc nng m bo cht

lng dch v (QoS) cho nhng dch v cn

truyn ti c yu cu v QoS

2.1.5 Cng ngh PBT2.1.5.1 Tng quan

PBT l mt nh hng mi trong trin khai mng Metro Ethernet. Cng ngh

PBT cho php cung cp h tng mng Ethernet trn din rng vi cht lng yu cu

kht khe tng ng vi nhng tiu chun vin thng t ra. PBT tun theo chun

IEEE 802.1ah.

PBT s dng cng ngh Ethernet c lc b nhng thnh phn v chng lp,

qun l mng STP. Ngi qun l mng s trc tip cu hnh trn cc h thng switch,ch r ng kt ni, truyn d liu ca tng switch. Cc ng truyn qua h thng

mng s khng cn ph thuc vo vic hc ca cc switch m do ngi qun tr cu

hnh trc.

Cc bn tin Ethernet c sa i, thm mt s trng thng tin m rng kh

nng phc v cng nh h tr .



31/77


2.1.5.2 u im-Nhc im

u im Nhc im- Kh nng m rng mng

- Gi thnh thp

- Qun l n gin

- Khi trin khai cc dch v multicast

th cn bng thng ln

- ang trong qu trnh chun ho

2.1.6 Cng ngh MPLS

2.1.6.1 Tng quan

Nguyn l hot ng ch yu ca thc hin trong cng ngh MPLS l thc hin

gn nhn cho cc loi gi tin cn chuyn i ti cc b nh tuyn nhn bin LER, sau

cc gi tin ny s c trung chuyn qua cc b nh tuyn chuyn mch nhn

ng LSR. Cc ng chuyn mch nhn LSP c thit lp bi ngi iu qun lmng trn c s m bo mt s yu cu k thut nht nh nh l mc chim dng

ng thng, kh nng tc nghn, chc nng kin to ng hm Nh vy, s hot

ng chuyn mch ca cc LSP cho php MPLS c kh nng to ra cc kt ni u

cui ti u cui.

Nhng chc nng ch yu ca cng ngh MPLS c m t v nh ngha

trong cc ti liu ca t chc IETF (RFC 3031, 3032).

Phng php chuyn mch nhn ng dng trong cng ngh MPLS cho php cc

b nh tuyn thc hin nh tuyn gi tin nhanh hn do tnh n gin ca vic x l

thng tin nh tuyn cha trong nhn.

Mt chc nng quan trng na c thc hin trong MPLS l thc hin cc

k thut lu lng, cc k thut ny cho php thit lp cc ng thng cc thng s

thc hin mng c th truyn ti lu lng vi cc cp dch v v cht lng dch

v khc nhau (RFC 2702).

MPLS c kh nng kin to cc kt ni ng hm cung cp dch v mng

ring o.

2.1.6.2 u im Nhc im

u im Nhc im

Cng ngh MPLS cho php truyn

ti a dch v vi hiu sut truyn ti

cao

H tr truyn ti cc dch v c yu

Gi thnh ti thi im ny l kh

cao

Qun l v vn hnh phc tp



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cu QoS

Cung cp cc dch v VPN Layer 3

2.2 CNG NGH PBB V PBB-TE2.2.1 Tng quan v PBB

2.2.1.1 Gii thiu

Mc tiu u t ca cc nh cung cp dch v ln h thng mng l nhm cung

cp cc dch v mi vi kh nng qun l lu lng, trnh tc nghn. Truyn ti dch

v quamng MPLS c tin hnh u t t 10 nm qua. Vi s chnh sa m

rng MPLS (MPLS-TE) v T-MPLS, kh nng truyn ti cc gi tin dng hng kt

ni qua Ethernet ang dn tr nn hin thc. Tng t nh cch thc tip cn ca T-

MPLS, cng ngh PBT (Provider Backbone Transport) cng hng ti vic truyn ti

Ethernet vi chi ph iu khin thp. Cng ngh PBB c s ng h ca Nortel,

SieMAN - Es cng mt s nh cung cp khc. Gia PBB (PBT, PBB-TE) v T-MPLS

c mt im chung l: S dng phng thc qun l tp trung cu hnh cc ng

truyn ti hng kt ni. T-MPLS ang c li th vi PBT v mt chun ha nhng

cng s cn mt rt nhiu thi gian mi c th l mt cng ngh chn mui cho mng

truyn ti so vi MPLS. Nhng nh cung cp dch v u t rt ln vo h tngSONET/SDH, mun chuyn sang h thng da trn nn IP v ang rt quan tm

n cc hng cng ngh mi ny vi nhn nh l n s n gin hn so vi m hnh

ca MPLS.

2.2.1.2 Mt s nh gi

- PBT c coi l nhng cng ngh th h tng li, cho php nh cung cp gim

bt chi ph u t, chi ph vn hnh. Sau y s l nhng nh gi v: tnh n

gin, tnh m, tin cy v l do cho gim bt chi ph u t cng nh chi phqun l.

- PBB c a ra vi mc tiu l p dng cng ngh Ethernet cho h thng mng

yu cu tnh cht hng kt ni, tng t nh nhng cng ngh SONET/SDH,

ATM hay cp quang. PBB gim bt phc tp ca Ethernet bng cch loi b

cc cng ngh truyn thng trong mng LAN: spanning-tree, truyn qung b.

Vi cc ci tin v thng s ca frame truyn tin, PBB cho php cc h tng

mng truyn ti c th ng dng Ethernet nh mt phng tin truyn ti hiu

qu.



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- Chun cng ngh nn tng ca PBB l PBB Provider Backbone Bridging s

dng ng gi MAC-IN-MAC (IEEE 802.1ah) thm vo cc ng gi bn tin to

ng hm trong mng. PBB-TE l mt giai on pht trin tip theo ca PBB

hin ang c chun ha bi IEEE. Mt xu hng khc trong pht trin PBB-

TE l s dng h thng iu khin phn tn da trn GMPLS GeneralizedMPLS. Tuy nhin GMPLS c nhng c tnh ch h tr mng chuyn ti quang

v vi h thng mng din rng, mng metro, vic iu khin bc sng ng

trong truyn ti quang l kh thc hin. Vi nhng hn ch v iu khin phn

tn nh vy nn cng ngh PBB ch tp trung vo m hnh qun l mng tp

trung.

- PBT lc b nhng tnh nng v spanning-tree, flooding, broadcasting ca mng

Ethernet LAN truyn thng. Thi gian phc hi lu cng nh phng thctruyn qung b thng l khng c dng trong h thng mng ca nh cung

cp dch v.

- Cc cng ngh c bn ca PBT l Q-in-Q (IEEE 802.1 ad), MAC-IN-MAC

(IEEE 802.1ah) v OAM (IEEE 802.1ag), b sung mt s phng thc m rng

cho vic bo v ng truyn (o) d liu.

- Trong PBB, mt phng iu khin c trin khai tp trung, dn n l n gin

hn trong lp qun l. V mt k thut, khi tp trung iu khin th vic iukhin nh tuyn cng nh cc giao thc bo hiu s bt phc tp. Ni cch

khc, trong mng s dng PBB, khng cn thit phi c cc giao thc nh tuyn

BGP, OSPF, ISIS hay cc giao thc bo hiu RSVT-TE, LDP. PBB gim bt

phc tp trn vng iu khin v chuyn cng vic cho phn qun tr dch v.

Tnh n gin

- Vi nhn nh l h thng NMS s lm thay nhng cng vic ca h thng iu

khin, loi b cc giao thc nh tuyn, c th c nhng suy ngh cho rng vic

qun tr h thng cng nh dch v s d dng hn. iu ny cng ng khi

mng l h thng tnh, dch v c khai bo v c kim sot, khc vi h thng

mng nh tuyn ng, dch v c th c truyn qua mng m ngi qun l

khng th hoc kh kim sot cc chng kt ni. C rt nhiu nh cung cp nhn

mnh vo tnh cht n gin ny.

- im mnh ca PBB l tnh n gin ca h thng. S dng PBB s khng cn

cn c cc h thng iu khin lu lng, cc giao thc bo hiu trn tng node

mng. Khng cn c nhng vn v sai st hay s phc tp ca cc giao thclp 3. n gin l tt nhng mt s nh cung cp dch v khng thc s quan



34/77


tm n iu ny, iu h quan tm l truyn ti dch v tin cy v c th gim

bt chi ph qun l mng tt nht c th.

- PBT c c ch n gin v ch h tr cc kt ni point-to-point. Mc d cc c

ch kt ni point to multipoint v multipoint-to-multipoint ang c thit k

nhng vn l kt ni point-to-point khng th h tr mi trng a dch v.Mt mng ln ca th trng mng Metro Ethernet l dch v triple-play qua kt

ni point-to-point n khch hng. Tuy nhin, th trng ln nht trong Metro

Ethernet li l kt ni point-to-point (knh thu ring). Hin ti, vi chun PLSB

(Provider Linkstate Bridging) ang c nghin cu, PBB k vng s c s b

sung hon ho cho kt ni a im a im.

- PBB hng ti mt h thng mng metro c qun tr tnh, phng theo nhng

m hnh qun tr c ca h thng SONET/SDH. Vi nhng nh cung cp dchv truyn thng, iu ny lm cho h cm thy quen thuc, khng phi thay i

nhiu. Tuy nhin, y cng l iu tng t vi h thng s dng MPLS & LSP.

Kh nng m rng ca PBB

Kh nng m rng t l thun vi kh nng qun l cu hnh mng. Mt h thng

mng khng c kh nng qun l cu hnh th s khng c kh nng m rng.

Trong mng Ethernet truyn thng, VLAN c to ra phn tch thng tin

gia cc vng mng. Hn ch ln nht ca VLAN l mi router hoc switch ch h trti a 4096 VLAN. Vi mt cng ty, mt n v th con s ny l qu . Nhng trong

mi trng mng cung cp dch v, 4096 khng c ngha thc t. ci tin vn

ny, hai chun IEEE 802.1ad (Q-in-Q) v IEEE 802.1ah (MAC-IN-MAC) c p

dng. Q-in-Q cho php m rng s lng VLAN v MAC-in-MAC cho php nh

danh s lng khc hng ln ti hng triu khch hng.

PBB cho php da vo VLAN nh danh s lng khch hng v vt qua

c ro cn 4096 VLAN. Nhng lm iu ny, trn cc switch PBB cn phi dnhnhiu b nh, CPU hn cho vic x l cc header ca Ethernet Frame, tm ra c hai

a ch MAC trong frame. S lng b nh cng nh CPU cn thm s tng ln

khong 30%. iu tt yu l gi thnh chung ca thit b cng s tng ln.

Vi hn ch trong vic h tr multicast, tng lai 5 10 nm tip theo, cc dch

v IPTV, triple-play s l mt vn m PBB phi cn nhc khi pht trin.

tin cy ca PBB

Vi h thng mng cung cp dch v th tin cy l mt trong nhng yu ttin quyt khi nh gi h thng. Phn ln cc nh cung cp dch v mong mun cung



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cp dch v, ng dng ti ngi s dng vi n nh 4 s 9 hoc 5 s 9, hn ch ti

a nhng nh hng ti cht lng ca h thng thoi, truyn s liu hoc video. PBB

ang c IEEE xem xt vi tn gi PBB-TE v c nhng cn tr nht nh cn phi

vt qua nu mun c chun ha.

tin cy ca PBB da trn cc quy nh ca chun ITU G.8031 cho bo vvng chuyn mch Ethernet, tng t nh giao thc bo v chuyn mch trong

SONET/SDH t ng bo v chuyn mch (Auto protection Switching APS). Khi

thit lp mt knh chuyn d liu, PBB quy nh thm mt knh na lm knh d

phng. Trong cng ngh SONET/SDH, y gi l d phng 1 + 1. Tuy nhin, PBB

khng c nhng khuyn ngh lin quan n vic bo v trong trng hp s c xy ra

node kt ni hoc ng ring vt l.

Chi ph ca PBBTrong trng hp PBB trin khai cung cp dch v mng im im vi

nhng thit b switch Ethernet gi r, r rng l chi ph u t thp hn bt k loi

hnh no khc. L do l cc khi chuyn mch Ethernet hin nay c gi thnh sn

xut rt thp, c bit khi so snh vi nhng switch ATM hoc router.

Hin nay, cc khi thit b chuyn mch tun th theo PBB cha c sn xut

i tr. Nhng thit b chuyn mch thng thng khng h tr hoc cha h tr cc

tnh nng OAM (802.1ag). V th, trong tng lai gn kh nng thit b PBB c snxut i tr nh switch Ethernet s cha r rng.

B nh, kh nng x l l nhng thnh phn phi u t thm trong nhng

switch khi x l ng gi, m gi bn tin MAC-IN-MAC. Theo IDC, gi thnh s tng

thm khong 33% khi so snh mt thit b PBB vi thit b chuyn mch lp 2 thng

thng.

Do PBB khng h tr Multicast lp 3 nn khi s dng PBB cho dch v Triple-

play, vi mi dch v khi cn truyn ti a im cn phi tng thm bng thng ringr tng ng cho mi im.

PBB c h tr m bo cht lng dch v mc cao nht (H-QoS). m

bo tryn ti thng tin vi yu cu H-QoS, pha nhn phi c s c lp tng i vi

mi trng truyn ti. Vi cng ngh hng kt ni nh PBB, cc tuyn truyn dn c

kh m bo lu lng phi c xc lp trc. Vi nhng mng m ti nguyn bng

thng khng m bo, gii php ny s dn ti tng chi ph s dng.

Mt s vn khc



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Theo di trng thi truyn tin qua cc ch s v tr, mt gi l nhng ng

dng qun l mng thng c s dng. PBB s dng chun ITU Y1731 theo di

tr, mt gi. Tuy nhin, nu c nhng dch v trn nn MPLS s dng h tng PBB

th nhng yu cu v theo di hiu nng cng nh qun l ca MPLS cn phi c b

sung.Nm 2008 cha c mng dch v thc t no s dng cng ngh PBB. BT

(Brishtish Telecom) cng b s p dng PBB cung cp dch v im-im, truyn

ti lu lng ti h thng mng MPLS. BT khng ch trng s dng PBB thay

th mng MPLS. Verizon ang xem xt trin khai PBB cho mng chuyn mch trn

ton nc M. Nu thnh cng, y c th coi l d n ln u tin ca PBB.

Mc tiu chnh ca PBB l h thng mng metro v truy cp Ethernet. Nhng

Nortel vn cho rng PBB c th c s dng cho nhng mng li. Nhng nhng btch ghp ROADMs c gi ngy cng gim, s ph bin ca MPLS trn nn mng cp

quang, kh nng PBB c s dng trn mng Metro thu hp. Thm vo , cc

thit b truyn ti ang c thit k theo xu hng c kh nng truyn thng d liu

t switch Ethernet xung tng truyn ti WDM ( Ethernet over WDM), gim gi thnh

s dng b chuyn i v vic thu gom Ethernet trong mng Metro.

Mt cu hi t ra l tnh nng dch v m nh cung cp a ti ngi s dng.

Vi nhng nh cung cp dch v im - im, h thng mng dch v c nh, mun

hn ch ti a nhng s phc tp do nh tuyn mang li th s la chn PBT. Dch v

mang tnh thng mi cao nh L3 VPN (rfc 2547/4364) li khng c h tr trong

PBT. Nh vy, nhng nh cung cp dch v ny s phi chp nhn gii hn dch v

cung cp l im im hin ti v tng lai.

Trn y l mt s gii thiu ngn gn v nhng nh gi v PBB Phn tip theo

s trnh by chi tit v nhng chun c s dng trong PBB-TE.

2.2.2 Cng ngh PBB-TE

Nh nu trong phn trn, nn tng ca cng ngh truyn dn Metro s dng

PBT l hai giao thc ng gi lp 2: Q-in-Q (802.1ad) v MAC-in-MAC (802.1ah).

Vn cn phi quan tm ca h tng mng lp 2 l s lng a ch MAC khi cung

cp dch v E-LAN, E-TREE cng nh khng gian a ch MAC ca nh cung cp v

ca ngi dng u c gii quyt qua vic ng gi tiu bn tin Ethernet trong

mt tiu Ethernet khc.

2.2.2.1. Chun MAC-in-MAC (802.1ah)

Chun 802.1ah hay cn gi l PBB Provider Backbone Bridges gii quyt

nhng vn m 802.1ad vn cha x l c. Vi Q-in-Q, s lng VLAN caNhm 13 Lp D09TCVT1 36


37/77


mng cung cp dch v vn mi ch dng li 4096. Thay v thm mt nhn VLAN

vo bn tin Ethernet, PBB s ng gi mo u ca gi tin 802.1ad trong mt mo u

MAC khc. Nh vy, bn tin s c hai lp a ch MAC: a ch MAC ca Q-in-Q v

a ch MAC ca lp mng cung cp dch v (Service Provider) MAC-IN-MAC.

Trong bn tin MAC-IN-MAC, trng Service Instances c di 24 bit s dng nh danh cho cc dch v tng ng vi VLAN, cho php m rng kh nng ca

cung cp dch v ln ti 16 triu VLAN .

Ti thi im hin ti, chun 802.1ah c IEEE ph duyt chnh thc. Bn

cnh cc m t v bn tin, hot ng ca 802.1ah, chun ny cng m t giao thc

MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. Chun MSTP khc vi STP l cho php cc

bn tin Ethernet c th c truyn theo nhiu ng dn khc nhau.

nh dng ca bn tin MAC-in-MACCc trng thng tin trong bn tin MAC-IN-MAC c m t trong bng di

y. Bng pha trn m t nhng thng tin ca bn tin trong mng Q-in-Q (ngi

dng), bng pha di l nhng thng tin c thm vo ti im bin ca mng

MAC-IN-MAC.

Bng 2. 1nh dng bn tin MAC-in-MAC

Payload

Ethertype (802.1Q=0x8100) 16 bitCustomer-VLAN ID 16 bitEthertype (802.1ad = 0x88-a8) 16 bitService VLAN ID 16 bitEthertype (IPV4: 0x0800, IPV6: 0x86DD) 16 bitCustomer SA (MAC) 48 bitCustomer DA (MAC) 48 bitI-TAG: 32 bit or 128 bitEthertype : 16 bitBackbone VLAN ID (16 bit)Ethertype : 16 bitBackbone SA (MAC) 48 bitBackbone DA (MAC) 48 bit

Cc thng tin c b sung vo bn tin Ethernet m bo cho h thng mng

c th chuyn mch cc gi tin nh mng LAN thng thng. Chi tit v hot ng

ca 802.1ah s c m t trong phn tip theo.

Hot ng ca 802.1ah



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Bn tin ca ngi dng khi i n switch bin ca mng PBB (PBEB Provider

Backbone Edge Bridge) s c dng gi thm mt s thng tin to nn mt mo

u lp Ethernet mi mo u ca nh cung cp dch v.

PBEB kim tra bng chuyn tip a ch MAC v chuyn tip gi tin tng t

nh trong h thng mng LAN. Bn tin s c chuyn tip trong h thng mng nhcung cp v n PBEB cn n. Ti y, PBEB s tch mo u MAC mi thm vo

v chuyn n mng ngi dng cui. Trong mng 802.1ah, ng truyn cho cc gi

tin s c ch r theo tng chng t ng hoc theo cu hnh trc.

Hnh 2. 2 Hot ng ca 802.1ah

Hnh 2.3 m t kt ni gia cc vng mng Q-in-Q qua mt mng trung gian

(nh cung cp) MAC-IN-MAC.



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Hnh 2. 3 Kt ni gia cc vng mng Q-in-Q qua mt mng MAC-IN MAC

Cng ngh 802.1ah cho php tch ring khng gian a ch MAC ca ngi

dng cui v khng gian a ch ca nh cung cp dch v. Cc thng tin ca bn tin

Ethernet s khng c ngha trong vng mng nh cung cp dch v.

2.2.2.2 Chun PBB-TE (802.1Qay)

Ch vi nhng chun 802.1ah, 802.1ad th cha p dng Ethernet cho hthng mng ca nhng nh cung cp dch v. Trong qu trnh xy dng cc tnh nng,

yu cu c th s dng Ethernet, chun 802.1Qay Provider Backbone Bridges

Traffic Engineering kt hp t cc chun:

- 802.1Q VLAN

- 802.1ab

- 802.1ad Q-in-Q

- 802.1ah MAC-IN-MAC

- 802.1ag CFM.

Nortel xut nhng iu kin s dng Ethernet trong mi trng mng

WAN, MAN gm c:

Truyn ti dch v c m bo cht lng, xc nh c ng truyn vi tng

dch v trn nn mng Ethernet trong ton tuyn hoc mt phn.

m bo tnh tin cy, kh nng qun l v kh nng m rng nhm cung cp ccdch v a phng tin ti ngi dng theo cc tiu chun thng mi



40/77


Tn dng kh nng vt tri v qun l v vn hnh tin ti mt h tng

mng thng nht.

Chun cng ngh PBB-TE cho php s dng Ethernet nh l cng ngh truyn

ti d liu cp nh cung cp dch v. PBT to ra nhng knh Ethernet cho php

truyn ti d liu qua h thng c kim sot v iu khin c lu lng, m boQoS, chu li v kh nng OAM tng t nh vi SDH truyn thng. c th x

l c ti mc kt ni, PBT loi b mt s tnh nng ca Ethernet m bo c

c m hnh mng hng kt ni, khc vi m hnh mng hin ti ca Ethernet l m

hnh khng kt ni. Khc vi PBB, PBB-TE khng s dng STP chng lp trong

mng. Khi mt khung Ethernet n cng switch vi a ch MAC khng tn ti trong

bng chuyn tip, PBB-TE s loi b khung , khc vi Ethernet truyn thng, khung

ny

B-DA: a ch MAC ngun v ch trong mng PBB. Vi nhng bn tin cha

bit a ch ch, bn tin s c gn a ch MAC dng Multicast vi nh dng

cho 3 byte u tin trong 6 byte a ch: 01-00-5E-0; phn tip theo l 23 bit a ch

ly t nh danh I-SID.

B-TAG: bao gm nh danh Backbone VLAN, cc thng tin lin quan n dch

v ca nh cung cp: nh dng Ethernet, nh dng u tin ...

2.3 CNG NGH MPLSTrong phn ny s trnh by cc kin thc c bn v cng ngh MPLS, cng

ngh MPLS trin khai cho Ethernet v cc dch v trin khai trn MPLS

2.3.1 C bn v MPLS

2.3.1.1 Gii thiu v MPLS

MPLS l mt phng thc c ci tin cho vic chuyn tip cc gi tin trong

mng bng cch s dng cc nhn c gn thm vo trong cc gi tin IP. Cc nhn

c chn vo gia header ca lp 3 v header ca lp 2 trong trng hp s dng k

thut da trn khung lp 2. i vi cc k thut da trn t bo nh ATM, th n s

cha c trng VPI v VCI.

MPLS l s kt hp ca k thut chuyn mch lp 2 v k thut nh tuyn lp

3. Mc tiu chnh ca MPLS l to ra mt cu trc mng mm do cung cp cho

c tnh m rng v n nh ca mng.

Trong mng MPLS, cc gi tin vo c gn nhn bi mt b nh tuyn chuyn

mch nhn bin (Edge LSR). Cc gi tin c gi theo mt ng chuyn mch

nhn (LSP). LSP l con ng m mi LSR s dng chuyn tip da trn cc i



41/77


x ring bit cho tng nhn. Ti mi chng, LSR g b cc nhn c sn v thm vo

mt nhn mi, sau thng bo cho chng k tip bit chuyn tip gi tin. Nhn

s c g b ti LSR bin v gi tin s tip tc c chuyn tip n ch cn n.

2.3.1.2 Cc khi nim c bn

Hnh 2. 4 Cu trc nhn MPLS

Nhn: Nhn l mt thc th c di ngn v c nh khng c cu trc bn

trong. Nhn khng trc tip m ha thng tin ca tiu nh a ch lp mng. Nhn

c gi vo mt gi tin c th s i din cho mt FEC m gi tin c n

nh. Thng thng mt gi tin c n nh mt FEC (hon ton hoc mt phn) da

trn a ch ch lp mng ca n.

Tiu nhn: MPLS nh ngha mt header nhn. N di 32 bits v c to rati LSR li vo. Dng ca nhn ph thuc vo phng thc truyn tin m gi tin

c ng gi. V d, cc gi ATM s dng gi tr VPI/VCI lm nhn, vi Frame

Relay l DLCI

Mi tiu nhn gm c 4 trng:

- Trng Label: 20 bit, cha gi tr tht ca nhn MPLS.

- Trng CoS: 3 bit, nh hng n hng i v cc thut ton loi b c p

dng cho cc gi tin khi c truyn trn mng.

- Trng S: 1 bit, dng h tr cc ngn xp nhn c phn cp.

- Trng TTL: 8 bit, xc nh gii hn bao nhiu chng (hop) m mt gi tin

MPLS c th i qua. Gii hn ny l cn c v trng IP TTL s khng c

xem xt bi cc LSR ni bn trong mt mng MPLS.

i vi cc gi tin ATM th nhn ca chng l VCI hoc VPI/VCI v cc trng

TLL, S khng c h tr.



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Ngn xp nhn: Mt tp hp c th t cc nhn gn theo cc gi tin chuyn

ti thng tin v nhiu FEC v v cc LSP tng ng m gi s i qua. Ngn xp nhn

cho php MPLS h tr nh tuyn phn cp (Mt nhn cho EGP v mt nhn cho IGP)

v t chc a LSP trong mt trung k LSP.

LSR v LER: B nh tuyn chuyn mch nhn l thit b nh tuyn haychuyn mch s dng trong mng MPLS chuyn cc gi tin bng phng php

phn phi nhn. Mt LSR thng thng l mt thit b chuyn mch tc cao trong

mt mng ng trc ca mng MPLS. B nh tuyn nhn bin (LER Label Edge

Router) l mt thit b hat ng ti bin gii gia mng truy cp v mng MPLS.

Lp chuyn tip tng ng FEC: FEC l mt khi nim m t s kt hp

cc gi tin ri rc vi nhau c cng mt a ch ch, thng thng l ngi nhn cui

cng trong lung. FEC cho php nhm cc gi vo trong cc lp v c nhng i xnh nhau. T nhm ny, gi tr FEC trong gi c th c s dng thit lp mc

u tin cho vic iu khin cc gi, FEC c th h tr hiu qu hot ng QoS. Thng

thng cc thng s sau c s dng nh x mt nhn thnh FEC i vi cc gi

tin trn Internet:

a ch IP ngun v ch.

Cng ngun v ch

Nhn dng giao thc IP (PID)

Lung

ng dn chuyn mch nhn LSP: Mt ng dn i xuyn qua mng c

gi l LSP. N c xc nh bng mt trong hai cch sau. Cch th nht, cc giao

thc nh tuyn c in nh OSPF hay BGP. Cch th hai, LSP c th c to ra

theo cc quy tc ca nh tuyn rng buc CR (Constraint-base routing).

Mt LSP ni t u cui n u cui c gi l ng hm LSP (LSP tunnel),

y l mt chui cc on LSP gia cc node. c im ca ng hm LSP, nh cp

pht bng thng, c xc nh thng qua vic thng lng gia cc node vi nhau.

Bng chuyn tip chuyn mch nhn (LSFT): L bng chuyn tip nhn c

cha thng tin v nhn u vo, nhn u ra v a ch ca node tip theo m gi tin s

c chuyn n.

Bng c s thng tin nhn:

Mi LSR xy dng mt bng thng tin lin quan n nhn, a ch v ng dn xc nh r rng cch thc m mt gi d liu c chuyn tip nh th no. Bng

thng tin c gi l c s thng tin nhn LIB v gm cc thng s sau y:Nhm 13 Lp D09TCVT1 42


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Nhn u vo

ng dn u ra

Tin t a ch (Address Prefix)

2.3.1.3 Hot ng ca MPLS

Hnh 2. 5 Hot ng ca MPLS

Ta c mt mng MPLS nh hnh. Gi tin IP sau khi i t bn ngoi mng MPLS

vo trong min MPLS s c Router A ng vai tr l mt LER li vo gn nhn cho

gi tin IP vi gi tr nhn l L1.

Ti Router A, sau khi c gn nhn, gi tin bt u c gi i trong mng

MPLS. Gi tin khi c chuyn tip n Router B s c Router B kim tra header

ca nhn, sau da vo bng hon i nhn kim tra nhn ca cc gi tin v

chuyn tip n router. Gi tin lc ny s mang gi tr nhn mi l L2. Ti E, vic

kim tra cng tng t nh B v s hon i nhn, gn cho gi tin mt nhn mi l

L3 v tip tc c a n Router F. Router F l router bin, s kim tra trong bng

hon i nhn v g b nhn L3 ra khi gi tin IP v nh tuyn gi tin IP mt cch

bnh thng khi i ra khi min MPLS. Vi kiu lm vic ny th cc LSR trung

gian nh Router B v Router E s khng phi thc hin kim tra ton b header ca

gi tin m n ch vic kim tra cc gi tr ca nhn, so snh trong bng v chuyn tip,

chnh v iu ny m tc x l trong min MPLS s nhanh hn rt nhiu ln so vi



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nh tuyn IP theo tng chng truyn thng. ng i t Router A n Router F c

gi l LSP.

2.3.2 Cng ngh EoMPLS

2.3.2.1 Tng quan v EoMPLS

Cc khi nim

Hnh 2. 6 M hnh EoMPLS

Cng ngh L2 Tunneling: cho php nh x cc VLANs n 1 tunnel trong min

MPLS. Mt dch v L2 khng yu cu khch hng chy IP (kt ni VPN khng yu

cu nh ngha qua a ch IP), thay v th lu lng khch hng c nh x n 1VC (vd: nhn) da trn 802.1Q VLAN. V vy trong s trn ch ra MPLS core ti

lp 3, lu lng khch hng c ng gi v vn chuyn da trn k thut L2

Tunneling --> phng php ng gi v nh x nh ngha EoMPLS.

ng gi EoMPLS: Da trn Martini hoc Vkompella IETF EoMPLS draft,

thc hin kt ni im - im, Router PE ng gi VLAN packet v nh tuyn n qua

mng MPLS ng trc.

Ngn xp nhn 2 mc (8 bytes) cho mi L2 Frame c mang qua mng MPLSNhn Tunnel, outer label, chuyn tip gi tin qua mng

Nhn VC, inner label, kt ni giao din L2 ti gi tin c chuyn tip

VC, b nhn dng 32 bits ch lin quan n nhn dng VC cho tng tunnel, cn

gi l LSP tunnel.C 2 loi VC:

VC type 5 dng vi EoMPLS chuyn tip lu lng da trn port

VC type 4 dng vi EoMPLS chuyn tip lu lng da trn VLAN

L2 Header Tunnel Label VC Label Orignal Eth Frame



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2.3.2.2 c im

c im chc nng: Khng tm kim a ch MAC ch lp 2, khng c a

ch lp 2 m cc VLAN ring bit hoc gi tin Ethernet c nh x n cc EoMPLS

VC v nh ng hm qua mng MPLS.

Hnh 2. 7 c im ca EoMPLS

c im dch v:

- Cc port vt l chuyn dng cho mi khch hng

- C th cu hnh nhiu EoMPLS VCs trn mt port vt l

- Da trn draft Martini, EoMPLS l kt ni IM - IM

- Da trn draft Vkompella, EoMPLS l kt ni P2MP

- Mi EoMPLS VC i qua cng LSP

LER xc nh FEC v vy cc Router MPLS khc khng cn bit v cc VCs vn

chuyn L2 --> cu hnh Tunnel ch thc hin ti LER (N-PEs), Core router P trong

mng MPLS khng bit v L2 VPN.

EoMPLS m rng tng cho kt ni L2 dng Ethernet tc ng ti khch hngv nh cung cp dch v.

EoMPLS tc ng mnh n mng ng trc trin khai MPLS cung cp

nhiu dch v vn chuyn qua MPLS core, ch yu l cc yu cu cho mng Metro:

Cc dch v LAN trong sut (TLS) hoc cu ni gia cc corporate sites

Cc dch v IP cho truy nhp Internet tc cao hoc n cc corporate sites

da trn Metro

Vi MPLS, cc nh cung cp dch v c th cung cp MPLS L2 VPN cho khch

hng. Cc VPN ny c th h tr cc giao thc ng hm L2 Tunnel bao gm: FR,Nhm 13 Lp D09TCVT1 45


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ATM, HDLC, PPP, Ethernet v 802.1Q VLANs nhng vi Metro y ch tp trung

vo 2 giao thc cui

Cung cp dch v Ethernet n gin vi chi ph hiu qu. Vi EoMPLS, SP c

th cung cp kt ni n khch hng lin kt cc remote sites ti lp 2 v khng yu

cu nh tuyn IP gia CE v PE. Nh cung cp dch v chu trch nhim v nhtuyn v bit cc thng tin L3 ca khch hng. Thng tin nh tuyn lp 3 ny khng

chia s gia SP v khch hng.

S kt hp Ethernet v MPLS cho php SP cung cp bng thng v kh nng m

rng cho mng Metro Ethernet n gin nh kt ni Metro ni b v ghp dch v trn

cng 1 c s h tng n.

Kh nng QoS trong MPLS bng cch nh x 802.1q n bit EXP ca nhn

MPLS. QoS da trn trng 3bit EXP, cc bits EXP ny c t trong c Tunnel VCv Tunnel Labels. Vic nh x cho php m bo mc dch v v m bo sn sng

cho vic chuyn pht vi cc cng ngh WAN khc nhau.

2.4 CNG NGH T-MPLS

2.4.1 Tng quan v cng ngh T-MPLS

Ngy nay, vic truyn ti dch v qua mng MPLS ang dn tr nn ph bin.

Vi vic chnh sa MPLS th T-MPLS ra i. T-MPLS s gip cc nh cung cp

dch v gim c chi ph u t, chi ph vn hnh.

Hin ti, cng ngh T-MPLS c ITU chun ho v ang dn hon thin.

2.4.1.1 C bn v mng truyn ti

Mc ch ca mng truyn ti l lm trong sut cc tn hiu ca khch hng gia

cc im cui trong mng. Mt c tnh quan trng ca mng truyn l kh nng duy

tr tnh ton vn cc tn hiu (d liu) ca khch hng (v d lung ca cc PDU khch

hng) gia cc cng ra v vo ca mng truyn ti.Mng truyn ti phi cung cp phng tin chuyn i (commit) mc tiu

cht lng dch v ti khch hng. Ngoi ra, mng truyn ti phi cung cp phng

tin gim st dch v m bo cht lng dch v.



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Hnh 2. 8 M hnh mng truyn ti

Mng truyn ti s dng vic ng gi v tp hp mang tn hiu (d liu) cakhch hng: u tin tn hiu (d liu) khch hng c ng gi cho php gim

st. Sau d liu c ng gi c tp hp cho (for) truyn ti qua mng thu

c vic qun l mng ti u. Ti tt c cc chng (hop) tn hiu c tp hp c

th tp hp xa hn ngang qua kt ni vt l (physical link) Ti bin ca min tp hp

d liu khch hng ng gi c gii nn v chuyn n khch hng hoc c

chuyn tip ti min khc. Trong mng li ch c d liu c tp hp mi c gim

st, d liu ring l ca khch hng c gim st ti mng bin.

Tm li, mng truyn ti c hai thuc tnh quan trng l lp mng server v

lp mng client phi c lp; tng thch vi cc m hnh qun l v vn hnh ca cc

mng truyn ti ang tn ti.

2.4.1.2 Gii thiu v T-MPLS

T-MPLS c ITU-T nh ngha l cng ngh truyn ti gi kt ni nh hng

kt ni da trn nh dng khung MPLS. Khng ging MPLS, T-MPLS khng h tr

mode kt ni khng nh hng, bt phc tp trong vn hnh v qun l d dng hn.c tnh lp 3 b loi tr, mt phng iu khin s dng IP mt mc ti thiu - iu

ny gip cho gi thnh thit b r hn, pht huy mng gi.

- T-MPLS tng thch vi cc cng ngh truyn ti knh m c cng kin trc, m

hnh qun l v vn hnh vi n.

- T-MPLS hot ng c lp vi client v mng lin kt qun l, iu khin.

- T-MPLS c th hot ng trn bt k mi trng vt l no.

- T-MPLS bao gm cc kh nng chuyn mch gi x l cc dch v khc nhau

v cc cng c gim st mng.



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Trong mt min kt ni nh hng T-MPLS, mt lung d liu ngi dng

lun xem xt ton b (traverses a common), quyt nh ng thng qua vic thit lp

mt ng chuyn mch nhn LSP. Ti switch u vo, mi gi c gn mt nhn

v c truyn i tip. Ti mi switch thuc ng chuyn mch nhn, nhn c s

dng chuyn gi ti chng tip theo.T-MPLS nh ngha kh nng OAM (Kh nng OAM c cu trc trong nh

ngha ca cc khung v cng c, m t vic s dng ca cc khung v ch ra a im

m chng c p dng).

T-MPLS s dng kin trc vi cc dch v khc nhau qun l lu lng. Ti

node vo, cc gi c phn loi v nh du vi mt m tng ng vi hot ng thu

gom chng (da trn chnh sch cu hnh dch v). Ti mi node chuyn tip, m c

s dng xc nh vic x l gi thch hp ti cc chng tip theo (trong mt strng hp gi c th b loi b). Kin trc ny gip vic thc hin QoS.

Mt s c tnh ca T-MPLS :

- Kh nng m rng

- Gi thnh thp

- sn sng cao do kh nng bo v v phc hi cao

- H tr nhiu loi dch v- Qun l n gin

Cc khuyn ngh ca ITU-T cho cng ngh T-MPLS theo Bng 2.2:

Bng 2. 2 khuyn ngh ca ITU-T cho cng ngh T-MPLS

Khuyn ngh Ni dung

G.8110.1 Kin trc phn lp mng T-MPLS

G.8112 Phn cp giao din cho T-MPLSG.8114 Vn hnh v duy tr cho T-MPLS

G.8121 c tnh ca cc khi chc nng thit b T-MPLS

G.8131 Bo v chuyn mch ng cho T-MPLS

G.8132 Bo v chuyn mch ring cho T-MPLS

2.4.2 Cng ngh T-MPLS

Vi vic gia tng cc cng ngh mng gi, ITU-T rt quan tm ti vic lm th

no cng ngh MPLS ph hp vi vic truyn ti v kt qu l cng ngh T-MPLS



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ra i. Phn ny s trnh by kin trc v hot ng ca T-MPLS theo khuyn ngh

ca ITU-T.

2.4.2.1 Cc khi nim c bn

n v lu lng thng tin tng thch mng T-MPLS (TM_AI_D) bao gm

trng S v d liu ca ngi dung.

S Payload

n v thng tin c tnh mng phn cp T-MPLS (TM_CI_D) bao gm trng

TTL v mt TM_AI_D.

S TTL Payload

2.4.2.2 Kin trc mng T-MPLS

T-MPLS l mt mng phn cp ng gm: thng tin tng thch mng T-

MPLS (TM_AI) v thng tin c tnh mng T-MPLS (TM_CI).

Thng tin tng thch mng phn cp T-MPLS l mt lung lin tc ca cc n

v lu lng TM_AI (TM_AI_D).

Thng tin c tnh mng phn cp T-MPLS l mt lung lin tc ca cc n v

lu lng TM_CI (TM_CI_D).

Mng phn cp T-MPLS cung cp vic truyn ti thng tin adapted qua mt

ng T-MPLS gia hai im truy cp T-MPLS.

Thng tin c tnh mng phn cp T-MPLS c truyn ti qua mt kt ni

mng T-MPLS.

2.5 KT LUN CHNG 2C nhiu xu hng cng ngh xy dng mng dch v Metro Ethernet. T

nhng hng truyn thng da trn h tng mng SONET/SDH cho n nhng cng

ngh mi nh PBT hay T-MPLS, mi cng ngh u c nhng im mnh, yu khc

nhau.

Cng ngh SONET/SDH hay WDM c th tn dng h tng cp quang c sn

nhng li km trong vic qun l dch v, khai thc gi tr gia tng, gi thnhu t

cao. Cng ngh RPR tng ha hn l cng ngh mang tnh t ph nhng nhanhchng b lc hu v khng cn thch hp cho cc yu cu dch v mi. Nhn chung,



50/77


hin thi ch c cc cng ngh MPLS, PBT, T-MPLS ang cnh tranh nhau quyt lit

dnh th phn trn th trng mng Metro Ethernet.

Cng ngh MPLS vi nhng u im l c trin khai rng ri, kh nng

iu khin cao ang chim u th ln. Mi dch v ngoi tr a im a im u c

th trin khai hiu qu vi MPLS. Vi dch v a im a im, do chun VPLS yucu phi to kt ni full-mesh gia cc im nn vic qun l cng nh trin khai dch

v s kh khn, phc tp. Ngoi ra, MPLS yu cu cc nh iu hnh phi o to i

ng lm quen vi khi nim mi, cng s gy nhiu kh khn, tng gi thnh trin

khai.

Cng ngh PBT vi u im l gi thnh r, n gin do da trn nn Ethernet,

hin ang tin nhng bc vng chc trong vic chim th phn MAN - E. PBT s

dng nhng chun c ph duyt hoc ang trong giai on xem xt ph duytnh IEEE 802.1ad, IEEE 802.1ah, IEEE 802.1ag. Vn ca PBT l s khng nh

trong thc t hin cn t, cha chc chn, r rng.

T-MPLS hay MPLS-TP l mt cng ngh cn mi. Tuy hu ht cc thnh phn

u c ph duyt bi ITU nhng hin ti mi ch c Alcatel-Lucent h tr. Cn

qu t c s ni v kh nng pht trin ca T-MPLS trong thc t.

Chng tip theo cp n ng dng v trin khai cng ngh MAN-E trn

mng Vin thng ca VNPT Yn Bi.



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CHNG 3: NG DNG CNG NGH MAN-E TI VIN THNG

YN BI

3.1. IU KIN A L, C IM KINH T X HI CA YN BI

Yn Bi l mt Tnh vng ni pha bc t quc gip vi cc Tnh Lo Cai, Sn La,

Tuyn Quang, H Giang v Ph Th. Tnh c 9 n v hnh chnh gm 01 Thnh Ph, 01

Th X v 7 Huyn, c tnh c 159 x trong khong l x c bit kh khn. Yn Bi c

a hnh rt phc tp cao dn t ng Nam ln Ty Bc, tuy nm su trong ni a nhng

Yn Bi tng i thun tin v giao thng nh ng thu, ng st v ng b, kinh t

tng trng u khong 9% trn nm nhn chung Yn Bi c s tin b trong kinh t vn

ho x hi trong nhng nm gn y.

3.2 TNG QUAN MNG VIN THNG CA VNPT YN BI

i vi Vin thng v Cng ngh thng tin Yn Bi l tnh min ni do vy vic s

dng v ng dng Vin thng v Cng ngh thng tin cn nhiu hn ch, c im l trnh

dn tr ca b con cc dn tc tnh vi mc thu nhp cn thp v th vic s dng cc sn

phm Vin thng v Cng ngh thng tin l rt khim tn.

Mng li Vin thng Yn Bi n nay ph khp t thnh ph n vng su vng

xa phc v tt cho nhu cu ca chnh quyn v nhn dn a phng. n nay c 100%

cc x c my in thoi, dch v ADSL c ti trung tm tt c cc Huyn, Th v ang

vn dn v cc x, dch v IPTV c ti cc khu vc Trung tm v cc Huyn, Th mt

in thoi t 7 my/100 dn.

H thng truyn dn vi ba v cp quang cng lp t hu ht cc im nt mng n

nay tt c cc Huyn, Th s dng cp quang.

H thng thng tin di ng, mng vin thng nng thn, VSAT IP ph sng n tt

c cc Huyn, Th v cc x trong tnh.

3.2.1. H thng chuyn mch

H thng chuyn mch VNPT Yn Bi ang vn hnh khai thc l h thng Tng i

Starex-VK c lp t v a vo vn hnh khai thc t thng 3/2002 n nay c 01 HOST

v 13 trm v tinh vi tng dung lng lp t l 60.200 line dung lng s dng n thng

6/2012 khong 48.000 thu bao. Ngoi h thng Starex-VK VNPT Yn Bi cn khai thc

mt s cc node truy nhp l cc b tp trung thu bao, thit b V5.2 cho cc im cch xa

tng i v cc x vng cao c bit kh khn.


52/77

Chuyn Chng 3: ng dng MAN-E trn mng VNPT Yn Bi

S KT NI H THNG CHUYN MCH NM 2012KV u Lu OFC 8 E1 OFC 8 E1 Huyn Yn BnhRS 7163 5 Km 5 Km RSS 6112

KV Nam Cng OFC 8 E1 OFC 4 E1 KV thc B

RS 7163 5 Km 45 Km RSE 2528

TX Ngha L OFC 8 E1 OFC 3 E1 KV Cm nRS 8160 80 Km 30 Km SDE 1536

Huyn Trm Tu OFC 4 E1 OFC 2 E1 KV Cm NhnRSE 1504 110 Km 110 Km TAM 1024

H. M Cng Chi OFC 5 E1 OFC 6 E1 KV Ba KheRSE 1504 180 Km 50 Km RSE 3040

KV M OFC 3 E1 OFC 4 E1 KV Hp MinhTAM 960 40 Km 10 Km TAM 2048

KV Lin Sn OFC 2 E1 OFC 3 E1 KV ng QuanTAM 512 90 Km 60 Km TAM 512

KV Hng Khnh OFC 2 E1 OFC 4 E1 KV Ngi HpTAM 1024 30 Km 20 Km TAM 960

Huyn Trn yn OFC 8 E1 OFC 8 E1 Huyn Lc Yn

RS 3552 15 Km 80 Km RSE 3552

KV Lm Giang OFC 2 E1 OFC 4 E1 KV Tri HtTAM 512 60 Km 60 Km RSE 1024

Huyn vn Chn OFC 8 E1 OFC 4 E1 KV X Trung TmRSE 3552 70 Km 40 Km TAM 960

Huyn Vn Yn OFC 8 E1 OFC 4 E1 KV Tn LnhRSE 3552 40 Km 70 Km TAM 512

Hnh 3. 1 S mng kt ni h thng chuyn mch Yn Bi

3.2.2. H thng truyn dn

Trong nhng nm qua Vin thng VNPT Tnh Yn Bi cng nhanh chng u t

xy dng mng li truyn dn quang nhm nng cao dung lng v cht lng truyn dn.

Mng truyn dn n thng 6/2012 cng p ng c nhu cu v 95% cc tuyn truyn dn

hin nay l s dng cp quang.

n nay ton b mng truyn dn ca vin thng Tnh c khong 685 km cp quang cdung lng t 4 si n 48 si. Ngoi ra trn a bn cn c tuyn cp quang lin tnh VTN


53/77


i qua. Cc Thit b quang hin ang s dng trn mng truyn dn nh SDH-ACATEL

SMA-1K,OPTIMUX, VOM c tc l STM- 1,STM- 4, STM-16.

Ngoi mng truyn dn quang, cc thit b vi ba s cng ng vai tr quan trng

trong mng truyn dn do tnh d trin khai lp t khi ng cu. Tuy nhin do dung lng

truyn dn thp t 2E1 n 8E1 nn hu ht cc thit b vi ba ang u lm Ring d phngtrn mng khi thit b truyn dn quang c s c. Cc thit b vi ba s nh DM1000, AWA.

PASOLINK.

Hnh 3. 2 S mng truyn dn Yn BiHin trng mng cp quang

Mng cp quang vi cc node mng c t chc thnh cc mng vng Ring v im

im nh Bng 3.1:

Bng 3.1 Cc thit b ti node mng

STT

TRM A TRM BK/cch

KmThit

BTc

SLng

Dung lngTr/b s/dg

1 HOST YB I u Lu 6 ALCATEL STM -4 1 110 362 HOST YB I Nam Cng 6 ALCATEL STM -4 1 96 16


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3 u Lu Nam Cng 4 ALCATEL STM -4 1 Ring4 HOST YB II Trn Yn 15 ALCATEL STM -4 1 40 235 HOST YB II Vn Yn 40 ALCATEL STM -4 1 38 296 HOST YB II Tri Ht 57 ALCATEL STM -4 1 26 15

7 HOST YB II Yn Bnh 7 ALCATEL STM -4 1 50 198 HOSTYB III Ba Khe 50 ALCATEL STM -4 1 25 209 HOSTYB III Vn Chn 70 ALCATEL STM -4 1 21 2110 HOSTYB III Ngha L 80 ALCATEL STM -4 1 70 2411 HOSTYB III Trm Tu 110 ALCATEL STM -4 1 8 612 HOSTYB III Lin Sn 87 ALCATEL STM -4 1 7 513 HOSTYB III T L 130 ALCATEL STM -4 1 21 1814 HOSTYB Hng Khnh 25 LUCCENT 34 M 1 16 1215 HOSTYB M 40 LUCCENT 34 M 1 16 16

16 HOSTYB Thc B 37 SMA1K 155 M 1 16 817 HOSTYB Cm Nhn 80 SMA1K 155 M 1 43 2518 HOSTYB Ct Lem 25 V 5.2 155 M 1 21 819 HOSTYB Cm n 24 V 5.2 155 M 1 21 2120 HOSTYB Cm n 24 SMA1K 155 M 1 21 421 HOSTYB ng Quan 60 SMA1K 155 M 1 21 2122 HOSTYB Tn Lnh 75 SMA1K 155 M 1 21 1423 HOSTYB Lc Yn 85 SMA1K 155 M 1 63 22

24 Cm Nhn Lc Yn 39 VOM 34 M 1 16 4

25VTN NiMn

Thc B 1 VOM 34 M 1 16 5

26VTN TrnYn

RSE TrnYn

15 VOM 34 M 1 8 8

27VTN VnYn

RSE VnYn

40 VOM 34 M 1 8 8

28 Cm nX TrungTm

21 VOM 34 M 1 16 7

Cc tuyn cp, c ly v dung lng s dng si nh Bng 3.2:

Bng 3. 2 Dung lng v khong cch cc tuyn cp quang

STT Trm A Trm BC ly (Km)

Lpt

S dngCp ngm(Km)

Cp treo(Km)

Tng s(Km)

Trn tuyn cp ca VTN 8 si1 Yn Bnh Ct Lem 18 18 4 4

2 HOST YBI Yn Bnh 7 7 8 43 HOST Khnh Ho 68 68 8 8Trn tuyn cp 8 si


55/77


1 Nam Cng Vn Yn 45 45 8 42 u Lu Ngha L 80 80 8 83 Ngha L Trm Tu 31 31 8 24 Vn Yn Yn Ph 9 9 8 25 VTN Vn Yn RSE Vn Yn 1,2 1,2 8 2

6 Vn Yn Trii Ht 18 18 8 27 VTN Trn Yn RSE Trn Yn 0,4 0,4 8 28 u Lu Nam Cng 3,5 3,5 8 49 Hng Khnh BTS Hng Ca 5 5 8 2

10 HOST YBI Vn Tin 8 8 8 4Trn tuyn cp 12 si

1 HOST YBI Nam Cng 4 4 12 122 HOST YBI u Lu 6 6 12 12

Trn tuyn cp 4 si1 M Chn Thnh 16 16 4 2

2 Ba KheThng BngLa 13 13 4 2

3 Hp Minh Vn Hi 15 15 4 24 Ba khe Minh An 12 12 4 25 Lc Yn Minh Tin 15 15 4 26 HOST YBI Minh Bo 4 4 4 27 VTN Ni Mn Thc B 1 1 4 28 u Lu BC u Lu 5,2 5,2 4 2

Tng cng: 160,7 224,6 385,3 156 88

A) Ring 1: Gm cc node HOST, Nam Cng, u Lu (Ga) 206 E1

B) Ring 2: Gm cc Node HOST, Trn Yn, Vn Yn, Tri Ht, Yn Bnh 148 E1

C) Ring 3: Gm cc Node HOST, Ba Khe, Vn Chn, Ngha L,Lin Sn, T L, Png

Lung, M Cng Chi 154 E1


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3.2.3 H thng xDSL

Hnh 3. 3 S h thng DSLAM HUB VNPT Yn Bi

DSLAM HUB1 bao gm: DSLAM REMOTE t ti cc im KM5, Nam Cng, u Lu,

Ngha L, Ba Khe, Lc Yn.

DSLAM HUB2 bao gm: DSLAM REMOTE t ti cc im KM5, Trn Yn, Vn Chn,

Ngha L, M Cng Chi.

DSLAM HUB3 bao gm: DSLAM REMOTE t ti cc im KM5, Nam Cng, u Lu,

Lc Yn, Yn Bnh, Vn Yn.

HUB1 kt ni qua HUB2, HUB2 v HUB3 ni ln BRAS Ph Th bng ng STM1


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Hnh 3. 4 S h thng MSAN/IPDSLAM VNPT Yn Bi

m bo cung cp cc dch v truy cp Internet tc cao. Kt ni WAN, LAN, VPN,

FTTx, Video conference cho hch hng l cc Cng ty ln, cc Doanh nghip va v nh,

i l v nhn dn.

m bo nguyn tc iu khin phn tn qun l tp trung, chi ph u t thp, tn

dng ti a c s h tng, pht trin dch v nhanh, d dng lp t,khai thc v qun l bo

dng.

Mng ADSL VNPT Yn bi c a vo s dng t thng 4/2005 vi dung lng

20.000 s gm BRAS, Core Switch, DSLAM HUB v cc IP-DSLAM. Cc thit b

DSLAM l ca cc hng SIEMEN, HUAWEI.


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3.3. NG DNG CNG NGH MAN-E TI VIN THNG YN BI

3.3.1 Chc nng cu trc ca mng MAN-E theo m hnh VNPT Yn Bi

3.3.1.1 Chc nng

Mng MAN E (Metro ACCESS Network) lm chc nng thu gom lu lng ca ccthit b mng truy nhp (MSAN/IP-DSLAM/SWITCH L2), lu lng ca khch hng kt

ni trc tip vo mng MAN-E chuyn ti lu lng trong ni tnh, ng thi kt ni ln

mng trc IP/MPLS NGN ca VNPT chuyn lu lng i lin tnh, quc t.

3.3.1.2 Cu trc

S dng cc thit b CES to thnh mng chuyn ti Ethernet/IP. Kt ni gia cc thit

b CES dng hnh sao, ring hoc u ni tip, s dng cc loi cng kt ni: n x 1Gbps hoc

n x 10Gbps.T chc mng MAN - E: Mng MAN-E c t chc thnh 2 lp l lp li v lp truy

nhp.

Lp li (ring core): Bao gm cc CES c ln lp t ti cc trung tm ln nht ca tnh,

vi s lng hn ch (ti a t 3 n 5 im), v tr lp t cc CES core ti im thu gm

truyn dn v dung lng chung chuyn qua cao. Cc thit b ny c kt ni ring vi

nhau bng mt i si cp quang trc tip, s dng giao din kt ni Ethernet cng 1Gbps

hoc 10Gbps. m bo mng hot ng n nh cao, kt ni t mng MAN-E ti mng trc

IP/MPLS NGN s thng qua 2 thit b core CES ca mng MAN-E ( d phng v phn ti

lu lng), kt ni nh sau:

+ Ti tnh, Thnh ph chc nng BRAS v PE tch hp trn cng mt thit b th

mi thit b core CES s kt ni ti BRAS/PE.

+ Ti tnh, Thnh ph chc nng BRAS/PE c tch ring th thit b core CES

s c 2 kt ni s dng giao din Ethernet, trong 1 kt ni ti BRAS ( cung cp dch vInternet tc cao), 1 kt ni ti PE ( cung cp cc dch v khc nh: thoi, Multi media

(VoD, IPTV, IP conferencing)

Lp truy nhp MAN-E (ACCESS): Bao gm cc CES lp t ti cc trm Vin thng,

kt ni vi nhau v kt ni ti ring core bng mt i cp quang trc tip. Ty theo iu

kin, lp truy nhp c th s dng kt ni dng hnh sao, ring (trong mt ring ti a t 4 - 6

thit b CES), hoc u ni tip nhau (ti a u ni tip t 4 - 6 thit b CES), v tr lp t

cc CES truy nhp thng t ti cc im thun tin cho vic thu gom truyn dn kt nin cc thit b truy nhp (nh MSAN/IP-DSLAM,).


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Cc thit b truy nhp (MSAN, IP DSLAM) dng giao din Ethernet (FE/GE) s c

kt ni n cc thit b mng truy nhp MAN-E (CES) chuyn ti lu lng trong tnh,

thnh ph v chuyn lu lng ln lp trn.

Thit b MAN-E c th cung cp cc kt ni FE/GE trc tip ti khch hng.

S dng thit b MSAN + cp quang nhm rt ngn khong cch cp ng dng cho

cc khu vc c nhu cu cung cp dch v thoi, kt hp cc dch v bng rng. Trong trng

hp cung cp dch v thoi s kt ni vi cc tng i Host hin c bng giao din V5.2.

V truyn dn:

+ Thit b lp li kt ni vi nhau s dng mt i si quang trc tip.

i vi thit b lp truy nhp:

+ Nu ti c trang b h thng truyn dn NG-SDH th cc thit b MSAN/IP-DSLAM s kt ni trc tip n h thng NG-SDH ny v s dng nng lc mng truyn

dn NG-SDH c trang b chuyn ti lu lng gia mng IP/MPLS backbone vi

cc thit b truy nhp MSAN/IP-DSLAM.

+ Trong trng hp dng ht nng lc mng truyn dn NG-SDH c trang b

hoc ti cha trang b h thng NG-SDH th s trang b mng truy nhp MAN-E v cc

thit b mng MAN-E (gi l CES) c kt ni vi nhau bng i si quang trc tip.

Trong mng MAN-E:

+ Vi dung lng yu cu t 2 kt ni 10Gbps tr ln th cc thit b CES ny s kt

ni vi nhau qua thit b truyn dn C/DWDM ghp bc sng.

+ Vi dung lng yu cu t 2 kt ni 1Gbps tr ln s dng kt ni 10Gbps gia cc

thit b .

3.3.1.3 Truyn dn trong mng Metro

Thit b lp li kt ni vi nhau s dng mt i si quang trc tip. Ty theo khongcch, c th s dng cc hnh thc truyn dn:

Nu ti c trang b h thng truyn dn NG-SDH th cc thit b MSAN/IP-

DSLAM s kt ni trc tip n h thng NG-SDH ny v s dng nng lc mng truyn

dn NG-SDH c trang b chuyn ti lu lng gia mng IP/MPLS backbone vi

cc thit b truy nhp MSAN/IP-DSLAM.

Trong trng hp dng ht nng lc mng truyn dn NG-SDH c trang b hoc

ti cha trang b h thng NG-SDH th s s dng i si quang trc tip. Nu khongcch ln hn 40 KM s b sung cc b lp chng suy hao tn hiu.


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Vi dung lng yu cu t 3 kt ni 10Gbps tr ln th cc thit b CES ny s kt ni

vi nhau qua thit b truyn dn C/DWDM ghp bc sng. Nu l 1 hoc 2 kt ni

10Gbps th s dng 1 hoc 2 i si quang v cng 10Gbps kt ni.

Vi dung lng yu cu t 3 kt ni 1Gbps tr ln s dng kt ni 10 Gbps gia cc

thit b . Nu l 1 hoc 2 kt ni 1 Gbps th s dng 1 hoc 2 i si quang v cng 1Gbps kt ni.

3.3.2 Cu trc mng MAN - E Yn Bi giai on 2007 - 2008

3.3.2.1 u t thit b MAN - E

Lp mi : 01 Core CES v 10 trm Access CES, c th nh sau:

Bng 3. 3 Thng s Core CES v trm Access CES

STT a im RingBng thng

kt ni(Mbps)

Switching(Mbps)

Forwarding(Mpps)

1 Host Km5 Core 2,993 37,549 25

2 Host Km5 1,346 8,074 6

3 u Lu1

1,689 10,131 7

4 Nam Cng 1,689 10,131 7

5 Vn Yn 3 729 4,317 3

6 Yn Bnh

2

1,329 7,971 6

7 Thc B 1,329 7,971 6

8 Lc Yn 1,329 7,971 6

9 Ba Khe

4

1,300 7,800 6

10 Ngha L 1,300 7,800 6

11 M Cng Chi 1,300 7,800 6

Tng 16,333 115,655 84

Yu cu v kh nng ca thit b core: Switching: 37 Gbps, Forwarding: 25 Mpps

Yu cu v kh nng ca thit b Access: Switching: 10 Gbps, Forwarding: 7 Mpps

Bng 3. 4 Cu hnh Core CES v trm Access CES

STT a im RingThubao

GEPort

10 GEPort

Kt ni nBRAS

(GE/10 GE)

Kt ni nPE

(GE/10 GE)

1 Host Km5 Core 0 14 0 2/0 6/02 Host Km5 20 22 0 0 0


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3 u Lu1

chuyên đề man_e và ứng dụng tại vnpt yb

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