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, J a n . 2 7 , 1 9 4 2 . F . G . MANSON 2 , 2 7 0 , 8 8 4AERIAL TRAILER

F i l e d N o v . . 1 2 , 1 9 4 0

INVENTOR.Fr ank MansonZ 1 7 MBY x l

A ORNEYS.

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mama a n . 2 7 , 1 9 4 2 ' " 2 , 2 7 0 , 8 8 4

U N I T E D S T A T E S P A T E N T O F F I C E2 , 2 7 0 , 8 8 4

AERIAL minimF r a n k G . M a n s o n , D a y t o n , om

A p p l i c a t i o n N o v e m b e r 1 2 , 1 9 4 0 , S e r i a l N o . mars1 1 C l a i m s . ( 0 1 . 2 7 3 - 1 0 5 3 )

( G r a n t e d u n d e r t h e n e t o f Marchamended A p r i l 3 0 , 1 9 2 8 ; 3 7 . 0 . ' GThe i n v e n t i o n d e s c r i b e d h e r e i n may b e ma nu

f a c t u r e d and u s e d by o r f o r t h e Government f o rgovernmental p u r p o s e s , without t h e payment t ome f any r o y a l t y t h e r e o n .T h i s i n v e n t i o n r e l a t e sa e r i a l t r a i l e r s .The primary o b j e c t o f t h i s i n v e n t i o n i s t h e

p r o v i s i o n o f an a e r i a l t r a i l e r p a r t i c u l a r l y w e l ladapted f o r use as a tow t a r g e t , wh ich i s cons t r u c t e d s o as t o produce a minimum drag an dy e t p r o v i d e a l a r g e p r o j e c t e d t a r g e t a r e a .A f u r t h e r o b j e c t o f t h i s i n v e n t i o n i s t h e pro

v i s i o n o f an i mproved tow t a r g e t or a e r i a l t r a i l e rwhich i s r e l a t i v e l y s i m p l e i n c o n s t r u c t i o n , andwhich may be c o l l a p s e d i n t o a compact mass.A u r t h e r o b j e c t o f t h i s i n v e n t i o n i s th e p r o

v i s i o n o f an improved a e r i a l t r a i l e r which can beused with high speed a i r c r a f t an d i s s o cons t r u c t e d a s t o produce a minimum drag and y e tg i v e an u n u s u a l l y l a r g e t a r g e t p r o j e c t i o n .Other o b j e c t s and a d v a n t a g e s o f t h i s i n v e nt i o n w i l l b e apparent during t h e c o u r s e o f t h ef o l l o w i n g d e t a i l e d d e s c r i p t i o n .

In t h e accompanying d r a w i n g , forming a p a r to f t h i s s p e c i ? c a t i o n , and wherein s i m i l a r r e f e re n c e c h a r a c t e r s d e s i g n a t e c o r r e s p o n d i n g p a r t st h r o u g h o u t t h e s e v e r a l v i e w s ,

Figure 1 i s a p e r s p e c t i v e v i e w , p a r t l y i n s e ct i o n , showing t h e v a r i o u s p a r t s o f t h e improveda e r i a l t r a i l e r or tow t a r g e t .

Figure 2 i s a f r o n t e l e v a t i o n o f t h e improvedtow t a r g e t .Figure 3 i s a r e a r e l e v a t i o n o f th e improvedtow t a r g e t .In t h e d r a w i n g , wherein f o r t h e purpose o f 1 1

t o i m p r o v e m e n t s i n

l u s t r a t i o n i s s h o w n only a p r e f e r r e d . e m b o d i m e n to f t h e i n v e n t i o n , t h e l e t t e r A g e n e r a l l y d e s i gn a t e s t h e improved a e r i a l t r a i l e r o r tow t a r g e t .I t may n c l u d e a m a i n body t a r g e t s e c t i o n B o f? e x i b l e s h e e t m a t e r i a l , such a s f a b r i c , which mayb e c o n v e n i e n t l y r e f e r r e d t o a s a ?ag s e c t i o n ; a

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40s t a b i l i z i n g s l e e v e s e c t i o n C t the rear endrof th eb o d y B ; s t a b i l i z i n g an dvane s t r u c t u r e D; a b r i d l ec a b l e F .

The main body B o f t h e t a r g e t i s p r e f e r a b l yr e c t a n g u l a r i n s h a p e , I t may be o f any d e s i r e dl e n g t h , and i t s ?ag appearance i s t o i n s u r e t h a tt h e e n t i r e t a r g e t w i l l s l i p - s t r e a m t h r o u g h t h e a i rwith a minimum r a g . This body B may be r ei n f o r c e d a t i t s upper and l o w e r e d g e s i 0 and H,an d a t i t s rear edge I 2 where i t i s connected witht h e s l e e v e s e c t i o n C . At i t s f r o n t o r l e a d i n g edgeth e ?ag o r body s e c t i o n B s provided with a c r o s ss p r e a d e r r o d l 3 o f s t e e l o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l , which

a i r s t r e a m d i r e c t i n gs e c t i o n E , an d a tow

45

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3 , 1 8 8 2 , a s. 752)

i s housed w i t h i n a s u i t a b l e seam i 4 , a s shown i nF i g u r e 1 o f t h e d r a w i n g . This s p r e a d e r r o d I !has a small c r o s s s e c t i o n , an d extends normalt o t h e upper and l o w e r e d g e s o f t h e t a r g e t b o d y .I t i s t h e o n l y r i g i d m a t e r i a l i n t h e ?a g o r bodys e c t i o n B .

The s l e e v e s e c t i o n C s o f a l e n g t h which i sv e r y a p p r e c i a b l y s h o r t e r than t h e l e n g t h o f t h et a r g e t b o d y B ; i t s f u n c t i o n b e i n g m a i n l y t h a t o fp r o v i d i n g a s t a b i l i z i n g in?uence f o r t h e ?ag s e ct i o n B and t o i n s u r e t h a t t h e ?ag s e c t i o n w i l ln o t ? u t t e r and d i s i n t e g r a t e . The p r e f e r r e d formo f s l e e v e c o n s t r u c t i o n , a s shown i n t h e d r a w i n g ,i s t h e p r o v i s i o n o f a p l u r a l i t y o f s m a l l diameters l e e v e s , some o f which have t h e i r passagewaysi n t e r s e c t e d by t h e p l a n e o f t h e body B a t t h er e a r edge o f th e l a t t e r , an d o t h e r s o f which arep o s i t i o n e d a t each s i d e o f t h e p l a n e o f t h e body B .

. In the preferred construction eight smalls l e e v e s a r e p r o v i d e d . Upper and l o w e r s l e e v e s 2 0a n d _ 2 l r e s p e c t i v e l y have t h e i r p a s s a g e w a y s a tt h e e n t r a n c e e n d s i n t e r s e c t e d by t h e p l a n e o f t h e?ag portion B. Two s i d e s l e e v e s 2 3 an d 2 4 a r eprovided a t t h e r i g h t s i d e o f t h e ?ag o r body s e ct i o n B , l o o k i n g t o th e r e a r , and s i m i l a r l y tw oother s l e e v e s 2 5 an d 2 6 a r e provided a t th e opp o s i t e s i d e o f t h e p l a n e o f t h e ?ag s e c t i o n B .

As b e f o r e m e n t i o n e d , t h e s l e e v e s 2 026 a r er e l a t i v e l y s m a l l i n d i a m e t e r . They a r e a l l o f t h esame l e n g t h , and a t t h e i r l e a d i n g e d g e s a r e prov i d e d w i t h s t e e l ? o a t i n g r i n g s , shown a t 3 0 i nF i g u r e 2 o f t h e d r a w i n g , s o t h a t t h e y a r e h e l dopen a t t h e i r entrance e n d s . At t h e i r r e a r endsth e s l e e v e s 20-26 a r e each d r a w n t o p r o v i d e ac o n s t r u c t e d o p e n i n g 3 | , s m a l l e r than t h e pass a g e w a y t h r o u g h t h e s l e e v e ; t h e p a s s a g e w a yo t h e r w i s e b e i n g u n i f o r m i n d i a m e t e r t h r o u g ho u t t h e l e n g t h o f t h e s l e e v e s e c t i o n . The co ns t r i c t e d rear opening 3 | o f each s l e e v e i s prov i d e d b y p l a c i n g a ? o a t i n g ? e x i b l e draw s t r i n go r r i n g , shown a t 3 5 i n F i g u r e 3 o f t h e d r a w i n g ,i n a s eam o f the s l e e v e . This s t r i n g o r r i n g i so f r u b b e r , t e x t i l e o r o t h e r ? e x i b l e m a t e r i a l .As shown i n F i g u r e 1 o f t h e d r a w i n g , t h e r e a rr e i n f o r c e d e d g e I 2 0 1 t h e body s e c t i o n B s s ecured a t 4 0 t o each o f t h e p o i n t s where i t c r o s s e s

The s l e e v e s 2 0 - 4 6 may bes e c u r e d t o g e t h e r a t t h e i r _ , ; c o n ' t a c t i n g e d g e s , i nany approved manner, i f s o - d e s i r e d , and p r e fe r a b l y t h e y a r e c i r c um f e r e n t i a l l y h e l d t o g e t h e rby means o f a webbing ba nd 4 5 , p r e f e r a b l y o f

which may b e s t i t c h e do r o t h e r w i s e s e c u r e d a t , 4 6 t o each o f t h e ' s l e e v e s .O ne o r more o f t h e s e bands may e p r o v i d e d , b u t

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' construction,

a narrow b a n d such a s s h o w n i n Figure 1 o f th edrawing i s s u f f i c i e n t .The vane s e c t i o n D s provided f o r s t a b i l i z i n gand s l i p - s t r e a m d i v i d in g p u r p o s e s an d t o i n s u r et h a t a i r w i l l b e p r o p e r l y d i r e c t e d i n t o each o f t h es l e e v e s o f th e s e c t i o n C . I t i n c l u d e s a l o n g t apered vane c o n s t r u c t i o n 6 0 e x t e n d i n g t h e f u l ll e n g t h j o f t h e ' t a r g e t body B . I t ha s t a p e r e d vanep o r t i o n s a t each s i d e o f t h e p l a n e o f t h e body B ,an d along t h e medial o r a x i a l l i n e t h e r e o f . They s t a r t a t t h e l e a d i n g edge o f t h e body B and t e rminate i n d i a m e t r i c a l i n t e r s e c t i o n with t h es l e e v e s 2 3 and 2 6 o f th e s e c t i o n C , a s shown i nF i g u r e s 1 and 2 o f t h e d r a w i n g . These l o n g t apered vane p o r t i o n s a r e secured a t 1 0 , along th emedial o r l o n g i t u d i n a l c e n t e r l i n e o f t h e f l a gs e c t i o n B , an d t h e i r o u t e r edges 1 | may be r ei n f o r c e d . They a r e s e c u r e d t o t h e l e a d i n g e d g e so f t h e small s l e e v e s 2 3 an d 2 6 , a t I 2 ( s e e Figure1 ) . I t i s noted t h a t t h e p l a n e f o r m e d . by thevane c o n s t r u c t i o n 6 0 i s at an acute angle t o th ep l a n e o f t h e body s e c t i o n B x t e n d e d .T h e vane construction D f th e a e r i a l t r a i l e rB a l s o includes a short vane 8 0 . I t comprisesvanes o f a tapered nature a t each s i d e o f th ep l a n e o f t h e body s e c t i o n B , s t a r t i n g a t a p o i n t8 | c l o s e t o t h e r e a r edge p o r t i o n o f th e body s e ct i o n B and extending therefrom i n tapered d i am e t r i c a l i n t e r s e c t i o n with t h e open ends o f t h es l e e v e portions, and 2 5 , a s shown i n t h e drawi n g . The edges o f th e p o r t i o n s o f th e vane 8 0are r e i n f o r c e d an d secured a s a t p o i n t s 8 5 t othe s l e e v e s e c t i o n s 2 4 and 2 5 . The plane o f t h evane 8 0 i s a t an acute angl e t o th e plane o f th ebody s e c t i o n 3 x t e n d e d . I t i s n o t e d t h a t p l a n e so f i n t e r s e c t i o n o f the body B , vane 6 0 an d vane8 0 , from t he cent er line of the aerial trailer divideth e same into s e c t o r s of approximately 30 degrees each.Referring t o t h e b r i d l e c o n s t r u c t i o n E , t h e same

I may c o n s i s t o f rope o r o t h e r ? e x i b l e members9 0 an d 9 | extending from th e t o p an d bottomedges o f the body s e c t i o n B o a tow c a b l e con

, n e c t i o n 9 2 . I f d e s i r ed , f a b r i c 9 3 may f l u i n t h et r i a n g l e formed by t h e s e r o p e s 9 0 and 9 , and t h el e a d i n g edge o f th e body B where the s t i i f e n e rrod I 3 i s p o s i t i o n e d , but t h i s f a b r i c s e c t i o n i snot necessary. O f c o u r s e , the tow cable F s connected t o th e l o o p 9 2 i n any approved manner.The p r o p o r t i o n i n g o f t h e v a r i o u s s e c t i o n s o ft h e a e r i a l t r a i l e r i s s u b s t a n t i a l l y c o r r e c t l y showni n Figure 1 o f the drawing. Due t o th e f a c t thatt h e main body s e c t i o n o f t h e t r a i l e r p r o v i d e s i ne f f e c t a p l u r a l i t y o f i n t e r s e c t i n g vanes o f planet h e improved a e r i a l t r a i l e r w i l lhave s t a b i l i t y a t high towing speeds over a longperiod o f t i m e . There are n o airpassageways ort u b e s throughout t h e l e n g t h o f t h e main bodysection B or the vane construction D.A l l p a r t s o f the tow t a r g e t a r e o f c o l l a p s i b l ean d ? e x i b l e f a b r i c o r other m a t e r i a l s except th es t i f f e n e r ro d I 3 ; th e tow hook o r l o o p , and thes t i i I e n e r r i n g s a t the entrance ends o f each o fth e s l e e v e s o f th e ma i n s l e e v e s e c t i o n 0 .Various changes may be made i n the form o ft h e i n v e n t i o n h e r e i n shown and d e s c r i b e d , without d e p a r t i n g from th e s p i r i t t h e r e o f o r th es c o p e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g c l a i m s .

I c l a i m :1 . An a e r i a l t r a i l e r comprising an i n t e g r a le l o n g a t e d ? a g - l i k e f a b r i c b o d y t a r g e t . s e c t i o n ,m e a n s f o r towing i t a t i t s f r o n t e n d , an d a shorto v e r a l l l e n g t h a i r r e c e i v i n g open s l e e v e s e c t i o ns e c u r e d a t t h e r e a r end o f t h e t a r g e t s e c t i o n ,s a i d body t a r g e t s e c t i o n b e i n g e n t i r e l y f r e e

1 0

15

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35

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2 , 2 7 0 , 8 8 4t h r o u g h o u t i t s l e n g t h o f j o i n t s , open t u b u l a rs l e e v e s o r o t h e r passageways f o r r e c e i v i n g a i rs o a s t o e l i m i n a t e drag t o t h e g r e a t e s t p o s s i b l ee x t e n t .2 . An a e r i a l t r a i l e r c o m p r i s i n g an e l o n g a t e dmain body s e c t i o n , and a s h o r t s l e e v e s e c t i o n a tt h e r e a r p e n d t h e r e o f c o n s i s t i n g o f a p l u r a l i t y o fa i r d i v i d i n g s l e e v e s p r o j e c t i n g a t each s i d e o ft h e body s e c t i o n and opened a t t h e i r f r o n t andr e a r e n d s , s a i d s l e e v e s b e i n g o f c o l l a p s i b l e mater i a l and having a t t h e i r entrance ends r i g i dspreader r i n g s , and having t h e i r r e a r ends drawnt o p r o v i d e c o n s t r i c t e d o p e n i n g s .3 . In an a e r i a l t r a i l e r , a ma i n body s e c t i o n o fe l o n g a t e d ?at ? e x i b l e n o n - t u b u l a r c o n s t r u c t i o n ,a s t a b i l i z i n g s l e e v e s e c t i o n a t the rear en d thereo f which i n o v e r a l l l e n g t h i s s h o r t compared t ot h e o v e r a l l l e n g t h o f t h e body s e c t i o n and i nc l u d e s a p l u r a l i t y o f small diametered s l e e v e sp r o v i d i n g passageways open a t t h e i r f r o n t andr e a r ends f o r r e c e i v i n g th e s l i p - s t r e a m o f a i rtherethrough, an d vane me a n s connected withand extending along t h e main body o f th e t r a i l e ri n p l a n e s t r a n s v e r s e t h e r e t o and c o o p e r a t i v e l yr e l a t e d t o the entrance ends o f s a i d s l e e v e s f o rd i r e c t i n g the s l i p - s t r e a m o f a i r t h e r e i n t o .4 . In an a e r i a l t r a i l e r , an elongated ?ag s e ction o f ?exible material, a rear shorter s l e e v es e c t i o n comprising a p l u r a l i t y o f s m a l l s l e e v e sthe passageways o f w h i c h are open at t h e i r frontan d rear ends, a long f l e x i b l e vane section prov i d i n g p o r t i o n s e x t e n d i n g a l o n g and i n i n t e r s e ct i o n r e l a t i o n with t h e plane o f t h e ?ag s e c t i o n ,an d a shorter vane s e c t i o n l i k e w i s e p o s i t i o n e dwith r e s p e c t t o t h e body s e c t i o n an d a t t h e r e a rend t h e r e o f .

5 . In an aerial t r a i l e r , an e l o n g a t e d ?ag section of ?exible material, a rear s h o r t e r s l e e v es e c t i o n c o m p r i s i n g a p l u r a l i t y o f s m a l l s l e e v e sth e passageways o f w h i ch are open a t t h e i r f r o n ta n d rear ends, a long ?exible vane section pr ov i d i n g p o r t i o n s extending along and i n i n t e rs e c t i n g r e l a t i o n with the plane o f t h e f l a g s e ct i o n , an d a s h o r t e r vane s e c t i o n l i k e w i s e p o s it i o n e d with r e s p e c t t o the body s e c t i o n and a tthe r e a r end t h e r e o f , th e vane s e c t i o n s an d bodysystem a t t h e i r r e a r e d g e s d i a m e t r i c a l l y i n t e rs e c t i n g th e passageways o f th e s m a l l s l e e v e s a t

' the leading edges of the l a t t e r .50

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6 . An a e r i a l t r a i l e r comprising an e l o n g a t e d'main body s e c t i o n , and a v e r y much h o r t e r s t ab i l i z i n g s l e e v e s e c t i o n a t th e r e a r end o f th e bodys e c t i o n c o n s i s t i n g o f a p l u r a l i t y o f p a r a l l e l a i rd i v i d i n g s l e e v e s open at t h e i r front/and reare n d s , the r e a r ends o f s a i d s l e e v e s having t h e i ropenings r e s t r i c t e d s o as t o produce a drag d uri n g t o w i n g o f t h e t a r g e t .7 . An a e r i a l t r a i l e r comprising an e l o n g a t e dma i n body s e c t i o n , a very much h o r t e r s t a b i l i zing s l e e v e s e c t i o n a t th e rear en d o f th e bodys e c t i o n c o n s i s t i n g o f a p l u r a l i t y o f p a r a l l e l a i rd i v i d i n g s l e e v e s open . a t t h e i r front an d reare n d s , a n d expansible m e a n s a t the rear end s o feach o f s a i d s l e e v e s normally tending t o c o n s t r i c tthe rear openings o f the s l e e v e s s o as t o producea d r a g , but o f a nature t o expand under varyinga i r pressure t o vary the s i z e o f the drag openi n g s according t o r e s i s t a n c e o f th e a i r t o pass a g e thru said sleeves.8 . An e r i a l t r a i l e r comprising a ?a t c o l l a p s i b l er e c t a n g u l a r - s h a p e d main b o d y t a r g e t a d a p t e d t obe v e r t i c a l l y p o s i t i o n e d during ? i g h t , a s h o r ts l e e v e s e c t i o n at th e rear end o f the t a r g e t comp r i s i n g a p l u r a l i t y o f s l e e v e s having t h e p a s s a g e

7/27/2019 Cloth Tow Target Sleeve (1940)

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2 , 2 7 0 , 8 8 4ways t h e r e o f open a t t h e i r f o r e and r e a r endst o p a s s a g e o f a i r t h e r e t h r u , and t a p e r e d v a n e sc o n n e c t e d a t e a c h s i d e o f s a i d t a r g e t b o d y andd i s p o s e d i n p l a n e s t r a n s v e r s e t o t h e p l a n e o f t h ebody and s e c u r e d t h e r e t o and d i s p o s e d i n i n t e rs e c t i n g r e l a t i o n w i t h t h e o p e n i n g s t o s a i d s l e e v e s .9 . An e r i a l t r a i l e r c o m p r i s i n g a ?a t c o l l a p s ib l e r e c t a n g u l a r - s h a p e d main b o d y t a r g e t a d a p t e dt o b e v e r t i c a l l y p o s i t i o n e d d u r i n g ? i g h t , a s h o r ts l e e v e s e c t i o n a t t h e r e a r end o f t h e t a r g e t comp r i s i n g a p l u r a l i t y o i s l e e v e s having t h e p a s s a g eways t h e r e o f open a t t h e i r f o r e and r e a r endst o p a s s a g e o f a i r t h e r e t h r u , and t a p e r e d vanesc o n n e c t e d a t each s i d e o f s a i d t a r g e t body a n d ,s e c u r e d t h e r e t o and d i s p o s e d i n i n t e r s e c t i n g r el a t i o n w i t h t h e o p e n i n g s t o s a i d s l e e v e s , on e o fs a i d t a p e r e d v a n e s a t each s i d e o f t h e t a r g e tb o d y b e i n g s h o r t e r t h a n t h e o t h e r o f s a i d t a p e r e dvanes.

1 0 . A n a e r i a l tow r a i l e r c o m p r i s i n g a l a t ? e x ib l e e l o n g a t e d n o n - t u b u l a r b o d y s e c t i o n n o r m a l l yv e r t i c a l l y p o s i t i o n e d d u r i n g t o w i n g , means a t t h ef r o n t end t h e r e o f f o r a t t a c h i n g i t t o an a i r c r a f tf o r towing p u r p o s e s , and s t a b i l i z i n g means connected a t the r e a r end o f s a i d ?a t v e r t i c a l l y pos i t i o n e d body s e c t i o n c o m p r i s i n g a p l u r a l i t y o f

1 0

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3open s l e e v e s e a c h o f which s m a t e r i a l l y s h o r t e rt h a n t h e l e n g t h o f t h e b o d y s e c t i o n , a t l e a s t o n es l e e v e b e i n g d i s p o s e d i n i t s e n t i r e t y a t e a c h s i d eo f t h e p l a n e o f t h e body s e c t i o n f o r f r e e l y r ec e i v i n g r t h e s l i p s t r e a m o f a i r a t t h a t s i d e o fthe body t h eret h rou g h.

1 1 ; An a e r i a l tow t r a i l e r c o m p r i s i n g a ?a t ? e x ib l e e l o n g a t e d n o n - t u b u l a r b o d y s e c t i o n n o r m a l l yv e r t i c a l l y p o s i t i o n e d d u r i n g t o w i n g , means a t t h ef r o n t end t h e r e o f f o r a t t a c h i n g i t t o an a i r c r a f tfor t o w i n g purposes, and t a b i l i z i n g means ccn-n e c t e d a t t h e r e a r end o f s a i d ?a t v e r t i c a l l y pos i t i o n e d b o d y s e c t i o n c o m p r i s i n g a p l u r a l i t y o fopen s l e e v e s each o f which i s m a t e r i a l l y s h o r t e rthan t h e l e n g t h o f t h e body s e c t i o n , a t l e a s t on es l e e v e b e i n g d i s p o s e d i n i t s e n t i r e t y a t e a c h s i d eo f t h e p l a n e o f t h e body s e c t i o n f o r f r e e l y r ec e i v i n g th e s l i p stream o f a i r a t that s i d e o f the _body t h e r e t h r o u g h , and a vane a t each s i d e o ft h e v e r t i c a l l y p o s i t i o n e d f l a t b o d y s e c t i o n s e c u r e dt h e r e t o an d r u n n i n g t h e r e a l o n g and d i s p o s e d i na p l a n e t r a n s v e r s e t o t h e p l a n e o f t h e body s e ct i o n and d i a m e t r i c a l l y i n t e r s e c t i n g t h e p a s s a g ew ay o f t h e s l e e v e a t t h e r e s p e c t i v e s i d e o f t h eb o d y s e c t i o n .

FRANK . MANSON.